Studi Terhadap Simbol-Simbol Di Pura Merta Sari Rengas Tangerang Selatan)

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Studi Terhadap Simbol-Simbol Di Pura Merta Sari Rengas Tangerang Selatan) MAKNA SIMBOL-SIMBOL DALAM AGAMA HINDU (Studi Terhadap Simbol-simbol di Pura Merta Sari Rengas Tangerang Selatan) Skripsi Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Agama (S.Ag) Oleh: Intan Pertiwi NIM: 11150321000033 PROGRAM STUDI STUDI AGAMA-AGAMA FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 1441 H / 2020 M ABSTRAK Intan Pertiwi Judul Skripsi: MAKNA SIMBOL-SIMBOL DALAM AGAMA HINDU (Studi Terhadap Simbol-simbol di Pura Merta Sari Rengas Tangerang Selatan) Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan secara lebih detail mengenai simbol dalam agama Hindu di bangunan Pura Merta Sari Rengas, Rempoa Tangerang Selatan. Juga untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses pensakralisasian simbol-simbol yang di gunakan dalam peribadatannya. Untuk menjelaskan masalah di atas penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Dalam hal ini, penulis terlibat secara langsung dalam pemerolehan data dengan cara observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara dengan informan di Pura Merta Sari Rengas Rempoa yang dilakukan menggunakan phone recorder. Selain itu penelitian ini menggunakan jenis data pustaka seperti, buku, skripsi, jurnal, media internet, dan sebagainya yang menunjang penelitian. Untuk memahami penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Antropologi, mengkaji tentang makna simbol kebudayaan- kebudayaan produk manusia yang berhubungan dengan agama atau keyakinan umat Hindu di Pura Merta Sari Rengas dengan mengunakan teori Clifford Geertz. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan makna simbol sarana berupa alat dan bentuk-bentuk bangunan serta makna ornamen-ornamen yang ada di pura tersebut. Agar kebenarannya menjadi mutlak, kemudian untuk menghindari berkurangnya atau berlebih-lebihnya suatu makna. Hasil dari penelitian ini penulis mendapatkan beberapa simbol dalam bentuk sarana dan bangunan yang mempunyai makna tersendiri dalam agama Hindu. Secara umum simbol sarana dan bangunan tersebut memiliki makna sebagai bentuk wujud Kemaha Kuasaan Tuhan. Juga berfungsi sebagai pusat, titik fokus atau perantara dan meningkatkan Sradha Bhakti dengan begitu umat Hindu akan merasa sangat dekat dengan sang pencipta. Simbol-simbol itu dikatakan suci karena telah melalui proses pensakralan atau dinamakan dengan prayascita (upacara Malaspas). Melalui simbol- simbol tersebut manusia dapat membangkitkan imajinasi mereka dengan mengekspresikan diri, termasuk di dalam mengekspresikan aspek kehidupan beragama menggunakan simbol yang telah disepakati secara sosial. Umat Hindu di Pura Merta Sari Rengas Rempoa, mereka banyak sekali menggunakan simbol-simbol dalam aspek kehidupan beragamanya. Simbol–simbol berupa bangunan dan sarana atau alat untuk beribadah, seperti simbol patung, tirtha (air), dupa (api), Simbol Bija, Bunga (Puspa), Kain Hitam Putih (Saput Poleng), Senteng (Ikat Pinggang) atau di sebut dengan simbol sarana. Kemudian simbol bangunan atau arsitektur Pura Merta Sari Rengas Rempoa dibagi menjadi tiga halaman yang di dalamnya terdapat bangunan peribadatan. Yaitu Nista Mandala (Bagian Luar Pura) pada bagian ini terdapat; Candi Bentar dan Bale Banjar, Madya Mandala (Bagian Tengah Pura) di dalamnya ada Bale wantilan, Bagian terakhir Utama Mandala (Bagian Terdalam dan suci/sakral) terdiri dari Kori Agung, Bale Pawedan, Bale Pepelik, Padmasana. Kata kunci: Simbol, Pura Merta Sari, Rengas Tangerang Selatan v KATA PENGANTAR Assalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamiin, segala puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah memberikan rahmat-Nya, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan penulisan skripsi ini. Skripsi yang berjudul “MAKNA SIMBOL-SIMBOL DALAM AGAMA HINDU (Studi Terhadap Simbol-simbol Di Pura Merta Sari Rengas Tangerang Selatan)” disusun guna memenuhi persyaratan memperoleh gelar Sarjana Strata Satu (S1), Jurusan Studi Agama-Agama, Fakultas Ushuluddin, Uin Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Dalam penulisan skripsi ini penulis menyadari bahwa skripsi yang jauh dari sempurna ini tidak dapat selesai tanpa adanya dukungan dan banyak pihak baik secara lansung dan tidak lansung. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini penulis mengucapkan banyak terimakasih kepada pihak yang telah membantu dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini, khususnya kepada: 1. Kedua Orang tua tercinta yang selalu memberikan kasih sayang, do’a, nasihat, motivasi, saran, dukungan dan dorongan moril maupun materil. Semoga penulis dapat membalas pejuangan orang tua (Syahabuddin dan Hasnah), kepada kakak Siti Hawa beserta suami Muhdar, kepada Abangda Irfansyah beserta istri Dwi Wulandari, kepada kakak Wiwin Lidiarsih beserta suami Sapraji, kepada Abangda Syaifullah beserta istri Marnah, kepada kakak Rosidawati beserta suami Damhuji. vi 2. Dr. Yusuf Rahman, MA, selaku Dekan Fakultas Ushuluddin Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 3. Bapak Syaiful Azmi, MA, selaku dosen pembimbing sekaligus Ketua Program Studi Agama-Agama yang selalu meluangkan waktu untuk memberikan arahan dan bimbingan serta motivasi sehingga membuka cakrawala berpikir dan nuansa ilmu yang baru. 4. Seluruh dosen FU dan Studi Agama-Agama UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta yang tidak dapat disebut satu persatu tanpa mengurangi rasa hormat atas ilmu dan pelajaran dalam perkuliahan atau di luar perkuliahan. 5. Seluruh jajaran pimpinan dan staff Fakultas Ushuluddin atas bantuan dalam persiapan pelaksanaan seminar proposal dan ujian komprehensif. 6. Bapak Wayan Pinda Asmara, Bapak I Gede Sidarta, Bapak Made Soraja Yudhantara, Bapak Komang Artana, Bapak Nyoman Rusta dan Ni Putu Kayia Anandani yang telah berkenan memberikan izin penulis sekaligus menjadi narasumber untuk melengkapi isi skripsi. 7. Ucapan terima kasih sebesar-besarnya kepada KH. Syamsul Ismail, Lc selaku pimpinan pondok pesantren Himmatul Ummah Sapugara Bree Sumbawa Barat yang telah memberikan nasihat, do’a, serta dorongan kuat hingga penulis bisa kuliah dan menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 8. Kepada keluarga besar Alumni Pondok Pesantren Himmatul Ummah Jakarta: kak Mansyur, S. Ag, kak Rahman Jamil, S.Ag, kak Agus Barani, S. Ag, kak Syamsul, S,Ag, Kakak Wawansyah S, Ag, kak Iqbal, S, Pd, kak Syarafuddin S, Pd, Gita Safitri Ilusi, Akbar Sorasa, Halim Juniarsyah dan Irfan Saputra, vii Yudia Adha Sholatiah, Lina Nur Fajriani, Fatria ningsih terima kasih sudah bersedia mendengarkan keluh kesah dan selalu memberikan semangat kepada penulis hingga skripsi selesai. 9. Keluarga besar PPM SB (Persatuan Pemuda Mahasiswa Sumbawa Barat)- JABODETABEK: Ketum Sukiman Jayanto, Bang Roy mahendra, bang Roni, Kak Merliza Jawas, kak Mutya, kak Asma, kak Ervy, Nofri, Putri, Risa, Khusnul dll yang tidak bisa disebutkan namanya tidak mengurangi rasa hormat penulis yang selalu memberikan semangat moril dalam bingkai kekeluargaan. 10. Sahabat penulis Durotun Nafi’ah, Seftia Rahmawati, Siti Subadriah, Animatun Fatimah, Riza Adiputra, Niswatun Nafisah dan kak Muhammad Sairi S. Ag yang selalu ada untuk mendengarkan keluh kesah penulis dan memberikan semangat. 11. Seluruh teman-teman Studi Agama-Agama amgkatan 2015 terima kasih kalian sudah memberikan warna kehidupan di Fakultas Ushuluddin. 12. Kepada teman-teman KKN Samudra 117: Hasanah, Umu, Lila, Husna, Kiki, Nadia, Nisa, Nada, El, Cho, Niza, Sulton, Rozaq, Putra, Adieb yang telah memberikan doa dan semngat. Semoga kalian diberikan kelancaran dalam menyelesaikan urusan dan diberikan kesehatan. 13. Keluarga Besar Guru Rumah Tahfiz Alfitrah: Pak Ir. H. Iskandar selaku ketua yayasan, Bu Devi, M, Pd, Ustadz Rudini, S. Ag, kak Nizar, Kak Ambar, Kak Aul. 14. Semua pihak yang telah membantu yang belum disebutkan tanpa mengurangi viii rasa hormat, Terimakasih. Sebagai manusia biasa yang tidak pernah luput dari kekurangan dan keterbatasan, penulis menyadari bahwa penelitian ini mungkin masih banyak kekurangannya. Oleh sebab itu, penulis menerima kritik dan saran yang bersifat membangun untuk menyempurnakan penelitian ini. Penulis menyadari bahwa dalam penulisan skripsi ini masih jauh dari kesempurnaan. Penulis mengharapkan penelitian ini bermanfaat bagi semua pihak dan dapat memenuhi apa yang diharapkan oleh semua pihak. Semoga Allah SWT memberikan keberkahan kepada kita semua. Amiin Ya Rabbal ‘Alamin. Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb. Jakarta, 21 Januari 2020 Intan Pertiwi ix DAFTAR ISI LEMBAR JUDUL ...................................................................................................... i LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ....................................................................................... ii LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN ..................................................................................... iii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ...................................................................................... iv ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................. v KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................... vi DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................... x BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang ................................................................................................. 1 B. Batasan Masalah ............................................................................................... 8 C. Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................................ 8 D. Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................ 8 E. Tinjauan Pustaka .............................................................................................
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