Quantitative Determination of Sugars in Gums
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Hydrophobic Guar Gum Derivatives Prepared by Controlled Grafting
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2005 Hydrophobic guar gum derivatives prepared by controlled grafting processes for hydraulic facturing applications Ahmad Bahamdan Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Bahamdan, Ahmad, "Hydrophobic guar gum derivatives prepared by controlled grafting processes for hydraulic facturing applications" (2005). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 3384. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3384 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. HYDROPHOBIC GUAR GUM DERIVATIVES PREPARED BY CONTROLLED GRAFTING PROCESSES FOR HYDRAULIC FRACTURING APPLICATIONS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In The Department of Chemistry by Ahmad Bahamdan B.S., King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia, 1989 M.S., University of Arkansas at Little Rock, AR, 1995 August 2005 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all I would like to express my sincere appreciation to my advisor and mentor, Professor William H. Daly, for his kindness, guidance, and encouragement during the entire course of this work. His encouragement, advices, patience helped me going through the difficulties and crises I met during the path of this work. I would like to thank everyone who has contributed to this work. -
Texturizing Beverages for Stability and Mouthfeel
acidic, and UHT temperatures are HYDROCOLLOIDS IN DRINKS harsh. Protein protection by buffer- ing the pH is crucial. A pH range of 6.7–7.0 is recommended. For retort- processed lattes, switch to HM pectin Texturizing Beverages for for its protein-protective properties. Texturizing High-Protein Stability and Mouthfeel Sports Drinks Gyms have been closed for many months during the pandemic. How- A short guide to hydrocolloid formulation in protein ever, protein-fortified beverages used by bodybuilders remain popular as drinks, lattes, soft drinks, and alcoholic offerings. convenient meal replacements. The diet industry has wisely repositioned by Nesha Zalesny meal replacement shakes as protein- fortified beverages, choosing to ac- centuate the positive (protein con- he beverage industry is a world chocolate milk benefit from the ad- suspend plant-based protein or co- tent and low carb) rather than focus unto itself within the food in- dition of a stabilizer. The hydrocol- coa particles throughout the prod- on the negative (meal replacement dustry. It is highly fragment- loid of choice for both is carrageenan. uct’s shelf life. Gellan gum on its own and diet). These beverages benefit Ted with multiple categories, an in- has an extremely clean mouthfeel from a systems approach. credible number of producers and Stabilizing Cream so many manufacturers are choos- If casein is present, a suspending consumers. Beverages come in a with Carrageenan ing to add a small amount of a ga- hydrocolloid such as carrageenan is wide variety of textures, flavors, and Carrageenan works synergistical- lactomannan, such as locust bean used. High acyl gellan gum is the in- functionalities. -
Fermentation of Glucose and Xylose to Hydrogen in the Presence of Long Chain Fatty Acids
University of Windsor Scholarship at UWindsor Electronic Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Major Papers 2009 Fermentation of Glucose and Xylose to Hydrogen in the Presence of Long Chain Fatty Acids Stephen Reaume University of Windsor Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd Recommended Citation Reaume, Stephen, "Fermentation of Glucose and Xylose to Hydrogen in the Presence of Long Chain Fatty Acids" (2009). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 92. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/92 This online database contains the full-text of PhD dissertations and Masters’ theses of University of Windsor students from 1954 forward. These documents are made available for personal study and research purposes only, in accordance with the Canadian Copyright Act and the Creative Commons license—CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Works). Under this license, works must always be attributed to the copyright holder (original author), cannot be used for any commercial purposes, and may not be altered. Any other use would require the permission of the copyright holder. Students may inquire about withdrawing their dissertation and/or thesis from this database. For additional inquiries, please contact the repository administrator via email ([email protected]) or by telephone at 519-253-3000ext. 3208. Fermentation of Glucose and Xylose to Hydrogen in the Presence of Long Chain Fatty Acids by Stephen Reaume A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies through the Environmental Engineering Program in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science at the University of Windsor Windsor, Ontario, Canada 2009 © 2009 Stephen Reaume AUTHORS DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I hereby certify that I am the sole author of this thesis and that no part of this thesis has been published or submitted for publication. -
Acute and Chronic Effects of Dietary Lactose in Adult Rats Are Not Explained by Residual Intestinal Lactase Activity
Nutrients 2015, 7, 5542-5555; doi:10.3390/nu7075237 OPEN ACCESS nutrients ISSN 2072-6643 www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients Article Acute and Chronic Effects of Dietary Lactose in Adult Rats Are not Explained by Residual Intestinal Lactase Activity Bert J. M. van de Heijning *, Diane Kegler, Lidewij Schipper, Eline Voogd, Annemarie Oosting and Eline M. van der Beek Danone Nutricia Research, PO Box 80141, TC Utrecht 3508, The Netherlands; E-Mails: [email protected] (D.K.); [email protected] (L.S.); [email protected] (E.V.); [email protected] (A.O.); [email protected] (E.M.B.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +31-30-2095-000. Received: 5 June 2015 / Accepted: 30 June 2015 / Published: 8 July 2015 Abstract: Neonatal rats have a high intestinal lactase activity, which declines around weaning. Yet, the effects of lactose-containing products are often studied in adult animals. This report is on the residual, post-weaning lactase activity and on the short- and long-term effects of lactose exposure in adult rats. Acutely, the postprandial plasma response to increasing doses of lactose was studied, and chronically, the effects of a 30% lactose diet fed from postnatal (PN) Day 15 onwards were evaluated. Intestinal lactase activity, as assessed both in vivo and in vitro, was compared between both test methods and diet groups (lactose vs. control). A 50%–75% decreased digestive capability towards lactose was observed from weaning into adulthood. Instillation of lactose in adult rats showed disproportionally low increases in plasma glucose levels and did not elicit an insulin response. -
Xylose Fermentation to Ethanol by Schizosaccharomyces Pombe Clones with Xylose Isomerase Gene." Biotechnology Letters (8:4); Pp
NREL!TP-421-4944 • UC Category: 246 • DE93000067 l I Xylose Fermenta to Ethanol: A R ew '.) i I, -- , ) )I' J. D. McMillan I ' J.( .!i �/ .6' ....� .T u�.•ls:l ., �-- • National Renewable Energy Laboratory II 'J 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 A Division of Midwest Research Institute Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-83CH10093 Prepared under task no. BF223732 January 1993 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, com pleteness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily con stitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Printed in the United States of America Available from: National Technical Information Service U.S. Department of Commerce 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA22161 Price: Microfiche A01 Printed Copy A03 Codes are used for pricing all publications. The code is determined by the number of pages in the publication. Information pertaining to the pricing codes can be found in the current issue of the following publications which are generally available in most libraries: Energy Research Abstracts (ERA); Govern ment Reports Announcements and Index ( GRA and I); Scientific and Technical Abstract Reports(STAR); and publication NTIS-PR-360 available from NTIS at the above address. -
GRAS Notice 735 for 2'-Fucosyllactose
GRAS Notice (GRN) No. 735 https://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GRAS/NoticeInventory/default.htm GRAS Associates, LLC 27499 Riverview Center Blvd. Bonita Springs, FL 34134 GRifS T: 239.444.1724 J F: 239.444.1723 ASSOCIATES, LLC www.gras-associates.com September 29, 2017 GR N 0rf'rrl 3 5 Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition Office of Food Additive Safety (HFS-255) 5001 Campus Drive College Park, MD 20740-3835 Attention: Dr. Paulette Gaynor Re: GRAS Notification-2'-Fucosyllactose Dear Dr. Gaynor: GRAS Associates, LLC, acting as the agent for Glycosyn, LLC (Woburn, MA) and FrieslandCampina Domo B.V. (The Netherlands) is submitting for FDA review Form 3667 and the enclosed CD, free of viruses, containing a GRAS notification for 2'-Fucosyllactose produced by microbial fermentation. Along with Glycosyn and FrieslandCampina's determination of safety, an Expert Panel of qualified persons was assembled to assess the composite safety information of the subject substance with the intended use as an ingredient in infant formulas, conventional foods, and medical foods at levels ranging from 0.24 to 4.0 grams 2'-fucosyllactose per serving. The attached documentation contains the specific information that addresses the safe human food uses for the subject notified substance as discussed in the GRAS guidance document. If additional information or clarification is needed as you and your colleagues proceed with the review, please feel free to contact me via telephone or email. We look forward to your feedback. Sincerely, (b) (6) Katrina V. Emmel, Ph.D. Senior Scientist/Associate GRAS Associates, LLC 27499 Riverview Center Blvd., Suite 212 Bonita Springs, FL 34134 OCT 2 2017 951-496-4178 OFFICE OF [email protected] FOOD ADDITIVE SAFETY Enclosure: GRAS Notification for Glycosyn and FrieslandCampina -2'-Fucosyllactose ., Form Approved: OMB No. -
Enhanced Trehalose Production Improves Growth of Escherichia Coli Under Osmotic Stress† J
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, July 2005, p. 3761–3769 Vol. 71, No. 7 0099-2240/05/$08.00ϩ0 doi:10.1128/AEM.71.7.3761–3769.2005 Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Enhanced Trehalose Production Improves Growth of Escherichia coli under Osmotic Stress† J. E. Purvis, L. P. Yomano, and L. O. Ingram* Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Box 110700, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 Downloaded from Received 7 July 2004/Accepted 9 January 2005 The biosynthesis of trehalose has been previously shown to serve as an important osmoprotectant and stress protectant in Escherichia coli. Our results indicate that overproduction of trehalose (integrated lacI-Ptac-otsBA) above the level produced by the native regulatory system can be used to increase the growth of E. coli in M9-2% glucose medium at 37°C to 41°C and to increase growth at 37°C in the presence of a variety of osmotic-stress agents (hexose sugars, inorganic salts, and pyruvate). Smaller improvements were noted with xylose and some fermentation products (ethanol and pyruvate). Based on these results, overproduction of trehalose may be a useful trait to include in biocatalysts engineered for commodity chemicals. http://aem.asm.org/ Bacteria have a remarkable capacity for adaptation to envi- and lignocellulose (6, 7, 10, 28, 30, 31, 32, 45). Biobased pro- ronmental stress (39). A part of this defense system involves duction of these renewable chemicals would be facilitated by the intracellular accumulation of protective compounds that improved growth under thermal stress and by increased toler- shield macromolecules and membranes from damage (9, 24). -
GUAR GUM POWDER Guar Gum Is Relatively Cost Effective As
GUAR GUM POWDER Guar Gum is relatively cost effective as compared to other thickeners and stabilizers along with it being an effective binder, plasticizer and emulsifier. One of the important properties of guar gum, a polysaccharide, is that it is high on galactose and mannose. Guar gum is also known as guarkernmehl, guaran, goma guar, gomme guar, gummi guar and galactomannan. Endosperm of guar seeds are used in many sectors of industries like mining, petroleum, textile, food products, feed Products, Pet Food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, water treatment, oil & gas well drilling and fracturing, explosives, confectioneries and many more. Since a long time Guar Gum can be also named as a hydrocolloid, is treated as the key product for humans and animals as it has a very high nourishing property. Guar Gum Powder Number 1. HS-Code of Guar Gum Powder: 130.232.30 2. CAS No. of Guar Gum Powder: 9000-30-0 3. EEC No. of Guar Gum Powder: E412 4. BT No. of Guar Gum Powder: 1302.3290 5. EINECS No. of Guar Gum Powder: 232.536.8 6. Imco-Code: Harmless Guar Gum is mainly used as a Natural thickener Emulsifier Stabiliser Bonding agent Hydrocolloid Gelling agent Soil Stabiliser Natural fiber Flocculants Fracturing agent Applications - Guar Gum Powder Guar Gum for Food Industries Guar gum is one of the best thickening additives, emulsifying additives and stabilizing additives. In Food Industry Guar gum is used as gelling, viscosifying, thickening, clouding, and binding agent as well as used for stabilization, emulsification, preservation, water retention, enhancement of water soluble fiber content etc. -
Conversion of Carbohydrates to Furfural Via Selective Cleavage Of
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Green Chemistry. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Conversion of carbohydrates to furfural via selective cleavage of carbon-carbon bond: cooperative effect of zeolite and solvent Jinglei Cui,ab Jingjing Tan,ab Tiansheng Deng,a Xiaojing Cui,a Yulei Zhu*ac and Yongwang Liac a State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, PR China. E-mail: [email protected]; Fax: +86-351-7560668. b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China. c Synfuels China Co. Ltd., Beijing, PR China. 1. Materials Cellulose, inulin, starch, sucrose, maltose, D-glucose, D-fructose, D-xylose, D- arabinose, 5-hydromethylfurfural (HMF), formic acid (FA) and levulinic acid (LA) were purchased from Aladdin. γ-valerolactone (GVL), γ-butyrolactone (GBL), 1,4- dioxane, gluconic acid, H2SO4 (98%), Amberlyst-15, AlCl3 and γ-Al2O3 were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.. All the above agents were utilized without further purification. Hβ, HY, H-Mordenite and HZSM-5 zeolite were purchased from The Catalyst Plant of Nankai University. 2. Experiments 2.1 The computational formula The conversion of sugars and the yield of the products were quantified according to the following equations: 푚표푙 표푓 푠푢푔푎푟(푖푛푙푒푡)-푚표푙 표푓 푠푢푔푎푟(표푢푡푙푒푡) Conversion = 푚표푙 표푓 푠푢푔푎푟(푖푛푙푒푡) ×100% 푚표푙 표푓 표푛푒 푝푟표푑푢푐푡 푝푟표푑푢푐푒푑 Yield =푚표푙 표푓 푡ℎ푒표푟푒푡푖푐푎푙 푝푟표푑푢푐푡 푣푎푙푢푒×100% 2.2 Procedures for the catalyst recycling After the first run was completed, the reaction products were centrifuged for 10 min to separate the Hβ zeolite from the solutions. -
The Fischer Proof of the Structure of (+)-Glucose Started in 1888, 12
The Fischer proof of the structure of (+)-glucose Started in 1888, 12 years after the proposal that carbon was tetrahedral, and thus had stereoisomers. Tools: - melting points - optical rotation (determine whether a molecule is optically active) - chemical reactions Fischer knew: - (+)-glucose is an aldohexose. - Therefore, there are 4 stereocenters and 24 = 16 stereoisomers (8 D-sugars and 8 L-sugars) - At this time could not determine the actual configuration (D or L) of sugars - Fischer arbitrarily assigned D-glyceraldehyde the following structure. CHO H OH CH2OH - In 1951 Fischer was shown to have guessed correctly. CO2H CHO H OH HO H HO H CH2OH CO2H L-Tartaric acid L-glyceraldehyde Which of the 8 D-aldohexoses is (+)-glucose??? 1) Oxidation of (+)-glucose with nitric acid gives an aldaric acid, glucaric acid, that is optically active. Therefore (+)-glucose cannot have structures 1 or 7, which would give optically inactive aldaric acids. HNO3 (+)-glucose Glucaric acid Optically active CHO CO2H H OH H OH 1 H OH HNO3 H OH Mirror plane H OH H OH H OH H OH Since these aldaric CH2OH CO2H acids have mirror planes they are meso structures. CHO CO2H They are not optically H OH H OH active HO H HNO3 HO H 7 Mirror plane HO H HO H H OH H OH CH2OH CO2H 2) Ruff degradation of (+)-glucose gives (-)-arabinose. Oxidation of (-)-arabinose with nitric acid gives arabanaric acid, which is optically active. Therefore, (-)-arabinose cannot have structures 9 or 11, which would give optically inactive aldaric acids. If arabinose cannot be 9 or 11, (+)-glucose cannot be 2 (1 was already eliminated), 5 or 6, which would give 9 or 11 in a Ruff degradation. -
(Guar Gum) Incorporation on the Quality Characteristics of Bread
cess Pro ing d & o o T F e c f h o Rodge et al., J Food Process Technol 2012, 3:2 n l o a l n o DOI: 10.4172/2157-7110.1000136 r Journal of Food g u y o J Processing & Technology ISSN: 2157-7110 Research Article Open Access Effect of Hydrocolloid (guar gum) Incorporation on the Quality Characteristics of Bread Rodge AB1, Sonkamble SM2, Salve RV2* and Syed Imran Hashmi3 1Dept of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, College of Food Technology, M.A.U, Parbhani (MS) India 2Dept of Food Science and Technology, MGM, College of Food Technology, Aurangabad (MS) India 3Dept of Food Trade and Business Management, College of Food Technology, M.A.U, Parbhani (MS) India Abstract Effect of guar gum on the rheological properties of dough, physico-chemical properties of bread, sensory characteristics of finished product and white bread quality was studied. At all levels of incorporation, there were increases water absorption from 61.2 to 64.5%, lowered the dough development time from 6.20 to 5.60 min, increased gluten development, increased dough stability, increased break down time from 37.3 to 40.5 min, higher the mixing tolerance index from 52.2 to 54.6 BTU and increased the elasticity i.e. 72.3 to 74.6 BU of the dough. The external characteristics like color of crust, symmetry, evenness, character of crust and aroma was improved linearly with increased the concentration of guar gum and also internal characteristics like color of crumb, taste and texture was improved. Keywords: Hydrocolloids; Guar gum; Rheology; Sensory quality; starch dispersion heated in the presence of gums. -
Evaluation of Guar Gum As a Novel Adsorbent Philicia Geiser
Air Force Institute of Technology AFIT Scholar Theses and Dissertations Student Graduate Works 3-21-2019 Evaluation of Guar Gum as a Novel Adsorbent Philicia Geiser Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.afit.edu/etd Part of the Biology and Biomimetic Materials Commons Recommended Citation Geiser, Philicia, "Evaluation of Guar Gum as a Novel Adsorbent" (2019). Theses and Dissertations. 2334. https://scholar.afit.edu/etd/2334 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Graduate Works at AFIT Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of AFIT Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EVALUATION OF GUAR GUM AS A NOVEL ADSORBENT THESIS Philicia Geiser, Captain, USAF AFIT-ENV-MS-19-M-174 DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AIR UNIVERSITY AIR FORCE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED. The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the United States Government. This material is declared a work of the U.S. Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States. AFIT-ENV-MS-19-M-174 EVALUATION OF GUAR GUM AS A NOVEL ADSORBENT THESIS Presented to the Faculty Department of Systems Engineering and Management Graduate School of Engineering and Management Air Force Institute of Technology Air University Air Education and Training Command In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Environmental Engineering and Science Degree of Master of Science in Industrial Hygiene Philicia Geiser, BS Captain, USAF March 2019 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A.