The Making of an Archaeologist Work in Hand and of the Most Appropriate Colin Renfrew Measures for Their Achievement
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Early India and Pakistan to Ashoka
Ancient Peoples and Places EARLY INDIA AND PAKISTAN TO ASHOKA Sir Mortimer Wheeler, C.I.E. 57 PHOTOGRAPHS 25 LINE DRAWINGS AND 7 MAPS New York FREDERICK A. PRAEGER THIS lS VOLUME TWEc,VF IN THE SERIES _:..,READY PUBLISHED 6 THE CELTS :;) F R lJ T G. C. ro • T " B ' ' II p,,;t,ell ~~.' . n. 0. ti5 !me 7 Ti-lE ETRUSCAN~; ~· H!. SCYTHIA l•. S JZ,:rn:~.utd Blvc!J :--. Talbot Rice 8 LAF.LY CHRISTIAN JFELAND S.CILY BEFORE Maire a11d Lhu11 de P,wr -~FE GREEKS L. Bernabo Brca 9 \'i E S S L \ B E F 0 lZ L T H E C E L T ~-: ) F (," S'ttl/'1' j • -'-- • L...), L •- ~)Li'iMARK BEFOPE 1 0 l h PAN B E 1.- 0 R E 1.\ U D D li l S !v1 :~i:E VlKINGS _, 0. I<lindt~J ens en I Edward Ktdder Jr I l !\1 A LT ·\ ':.' li E L 0 W C 0 ll N T 1'. l 1:. S j I ['I l'.V;/111' .S. -·T Dr Laet 300i(S THAT MATTER -~ n:u·iJed in the United States cj A.mcriw Ali ri,~l!ts mf'!'vt'd r;; 1959 by Frederick A. Prae,~,·r, ln<., r.ibrary of C'cm.~reso· G,aalv:; Card Nufllber: 59-)'''15 ~,-,disiH·rs, 15 liVest 4711! Stn•et, Printed iH C re(i! Brir:1in - >'>U YDri; s6, N.Y. CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 7 PREFACE I3 I THE SCENE I5 '1T II TIME ~~ III STONES 34 NORTHERN INDIA CENTRAL INDIA SOUTH INDIA IV MORE STONES 63 v THE INDUS CIVILIZATION 93 VI THE GANGES CIVILIZATION II8 VII EARLY CIVILIZATION IN CENTRAL INDIA I34 VIII SOUTH INDIAN MEGALITHS I)O IX ASHOKA I70 NOTES I8I SOURCES OF ILLUSTRATIONS !90 5 l9I CON I EN'C:i 'l'lfL PLATES ILLUSTRATIOl'~S PLATEs r Rouletted ware from Brahmagiri 2 Polished stone axes from Brahmagiri 3 Shouldered stone hoe fiom Midnapur 4 Mohenjo .. -
BRITISH SCHOOL of ARCHAEOLOGY in IRAQ (Gertrude Bell Memorial)
BRITISH SCHOOL OF ARCHAEOLOGY IN IRAQ (Gertrude Bell Memorial) REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30th JUNE Printed by 1938 Cheltenham Press Ltd., Cheltenham and London. THE SIXTH ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING OF THE SCHOOL WILL BE HELD IN THE HALL OF THE ROYAL SOCrETY, BURLI NGTON HOUSE, ON WEDNESDAY, 1 OCTOBER 19TH, 1938, AT 5.30 O'CLOCK, TO CONSIDER THE ACCOUNTS, BALANCE SHEET AND REPORTS OF THE COUNCIL AND AUDITOR ; TO ELECT MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL ; TO APPOINT AN AUDITOR ; AND FOR ANY OTHER BUSINESS WHICH MAY PROPERLY BE TRANSACTED. PRESIDENT COUNCIL RIGHT HON. L. S. AMERY, M.P. LIFE M E M BERS SIR CHARLES HYDE, DART., LL.D. WILLIA.\\1 RUSHTON PARKER, M.D. MRS. W I LLIAM H . MOORE *LADY RICHMOND VICE- PRESIDENTS GEORGE LOWTHIAN T REVELYAN HIS GRACE THE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY SIR MAURICE PETERSON , K.C.M.G. NOMI NATED MEMBERS REPRESENTING : P l!OFESSOR VERE GORDON CHILDE, F .S.A. Edinburgh Unive rsity MISS A. M . DALE Lad y Margaret Hall, Oxford FOUNDERS *G. R. DRIVER, M.G. Magdalen College, Oxford SIR CHARLES HYDE, BART., LL.D. *PROFESSOR S. R. K . GLA:"!V!LLE, F .S.A. Bo,ilrd of Studie s in Archaeol ogy, London Universi ty MRS. WILLIAM H. MOORE ADMIRAL SIR WILLIAM GOODENOUGH , G.C.B ., M .V.O., Royal Geographical Society *SIR GEORGE F . H ILL , K.C.B., D.C.L., LITT.D., LL.D., F .B.A., F .S.A., British Academy CHAIRMAN OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE SIR FREDERIC G. KENYON, G .B.E., K.C.B., T.D. -
Appendix 14.1 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment
APPENDIX 14.1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL DESK BASED ASSESSMENT ANDOVER BUSINESS PARK Andover County of Hampshire Archaeological desk–based assessment June 2007 Archaeology Service ANDOVER BUSINESS PARK Andover County of Hampshire Archaeological desk–based assessment National Grid Reference: 433000 145700 Project Manager Stewart Hoad Reviewed by Jon Chandler Author Helen Dawson Graphics Carlos Lemos Museum of London Archaeology Service © Museum of London 2007 Mortimer Wheeler House, 46 Eagle Wharf Road, London N1 7ED tel 020 7410 2200 fax 020 7410 2201 email [email protected] web www.molas.org.uk Archaeological desk-based assessment MoLAS 2007 Contents 1 Introduction 2 1.1 Origin and scope of the report 2 1.2 Site status 2 1.3 Aims and objectives 2 2 Methodology and sources consulted 4 3 Legislative and planning framework 6 3.1 National planning policy guidance 6 3.2 Regional guidance: 6 3.3 Local Planning Policy 7 4 Archaeological and historical background 9 4.1 Site location, topography and geology 9 4.2 Overview of past archaeological investigations 10 4.3 Chronological summary 11 5 Archaeological potential 20 5.1 Factors affecting archaeological survival 20 5.2 Archaeological potential 20 6 Impact of proposals 22 6.1 Proposals 22 6.2 Implications 22 7 Conclusions and recommendations 24 8 Acknowledgements 25 9 Gazetteer of known archaeological sites and finds 26 10 Bibliography 29 10.1 Published and documentary sources 29 10.2 Other Sources 30 10.3 Cartographic sources 30 i P:\HAMP\1021\na\Field\DBA_22-06-07.doc Archaeological desk-based assessment -
Sir Leonard Woolley
204 OBITUARIES devoted to his students that his output of publications was com- paratively small. Had he survived, many more important mono- graphs would have come from his pen. His grateful students will bring to fruition some of the works which he projected but was unable to finish. JOHN W. SPELLMAN. SIR LEONARD WOOLLEY Charles Leonard Woolley, who died on 20th February, 1960, nearly eighty years old, had not only a diversity of archaeological experience unequalled in his generation, but also gifts that helped to make his opportunities and turned them to unique account. After he had had a short museum experience in Oxford, the pattern of his life was quickly set by some minor explorations in Nubia : he was to be the field-archaeologist, not the academic scholar, still less the teacher. Three sites in the Near East were the scenes of Woolley's most memorable achievements. Two of these, Ur and Carchemish, had already been identified and partly worked ; the third, 'Atshanah, was his own discovery. Its neighbourhood abounds in ancient mounds, and Woolley's choice of one among them all was brilliantly justified when it proved to be Alalakh, a place of no little note in the international politics of the later second millennium B.C. Carchemish gave him his introduction to the Near East and yielded to his work a series of late Hittite sculptures and inscriptions and the most comprehensive plan of the city's fortifications. But his most famous discoveries were made in thirteen seasons at the ancient city of Ur in Southern Iraq. -
The Institute of Archaeology, 1937-97 David R. Harris
ARCHAEOLOGY INTERNATIONAL ology were started. The Institute remained Sixty years on: essentially a small research community somewhat isolated from the heart of the the Institute of Archaeology, 1937-97 University in Bloomsbury, in the pleasant surroundings of Regent's Park. David R. Harris It had long been intended that the Insti Th e editor looks back over th e historyof th e In stitute tute should eventually move to Blooms bury, an event that was hastened by the ith the launching of Second World War. Kathleen Kenyan be expiry of the lease on St John's Lodge in ArchaeologyIn ternational came Acting Director while Wheeler was 1 951.Z The University offered space in some we reach another mile serving in the North African and Italian existing houses on the north side ofGordon stone in the eventful life campaigns. He had been expected to return Square, and when adjacent space was of W fered to the Institute of Classical Studies it of the Institute. Since the as Director after the war, but instead formal opening of its first home - St John's accepted the post of Director General of was decided to demolish the houses (in ret Lodge in Regent's Park - on 29 April 1 93 7, Archaeology for India. This led to the ap rospect, an act of vandalism) and erect the the Institute has grown from a small, if pointment ofGordon Childe, who resigned building that the Institute occupies today capaciously housed, research institution the Abercromby Chair of Archaeology at (Fig. 2). Gordon Childe retired in 19563 to to become the largest (in terms of staff Edinburgh to become the Institute's first return to his native Australia (where he and students) university "department" of full-time Director in 1946 - an event that ended his life in October 1957), and W. -
The Primary Education Journal of the Historical Association
Issue 87 / Spring 2021 The primary education journal of the Historical Association The revised EYFS Framework – exploring ‘Past and Present’ How did a volcano affect life in the Bronze Age? Exploring the spices of the east: how curry got to our table Ancient Sumer: the cradle of civilisation ‘I have got to stop Mrs Jackson’s family arguing’: developing a big picture of the Romans, Anglo-Saxons and Vikings Subject leader’s site: assessment and feedback Fifty years ago we lost the need to know our twelve times tables Take one day: undertaking an in-depth local enquiry Belmont’s evacuee children: a local history project Ofsted and primary history One of my favourite history places – Eyam CENTRE SPREAD DOUBLE SIDED PULL-OUT POSTER ‘Twelve pennies make a shilling; twenty shillings make a pound’ Could you manage old money? Examples of picture books New: webinar recording offer for corporate members Corporate membership offers a comprehensive package of support. It delivers all the benefits of individual membership plus an enhanced tier of resources, CPD access and accreditation in order to boost the development of your teaching staff and delivery of your whole-school history provision*. We’re pleased to introduce a NEW benefit for corporate members – the ability to register for a free webinar recording of your choice each academic year, representing a saving of up to £50. Visit www.history.org.uk/go/corpwebinar21 for details The latest offer for corporate members is just one of a host of exclusive benefits for school members including: P A bank of resources for you and up to 11 other teaching staff. -
Heroic Chancellor: Winston Churchill and the University of Bristol 1929–65
Heroic Chancellor: Winston Churchill and the University of Bristol 1929–65 David Cannadine Heroic Chancellor: Winston Churchill and the University of Bristol 1929–65 To the Chancellors and Vice-Chancellors of the University of Bristol past, present and future Heroic Chancellor: Winston Churchill and the University of Bristol 1929–65 David Cannadine LONDON INSTITUTE OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH Published by UNIVERSITY OF LONDON SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDY INSTITUTE OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH Senate House, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HU © David Cannadine 2016 All rights reserved This text was first published by the University of Bristol in 2015. First published in print by the Institute of Historical Research in 2016. This PDF edition published in 2017. This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY- NCND 4.0) license. More information regarding CC licenses is available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Available to download free at http://www.humanities-digital-library.org ISBN 978 1 909646 18 6 (paperback edition) ISBN 978 1 909646 64 3 (PDF edition) I never had the advantage of a university education. Winston Churchill, speech on accepting an honorary degree at the University of Copenhagen, 10 October 1950 The privilege of a university education is a great one; the more widely it is extended the better for any country. Winston Churchill, Foundation Day Speech, University of London, 18 November 1948 I always enjoy coming to Bristol and performing my part in this ceremony, so dignified and so solemn, and yet so inspiring and reverent. Winston Churchill, Chancellor’s address, University of Bristol, 26 November 1954 Contents Preface ix List of abbreviations xi List of illustrations xiii Introduction 1 1. -
A Guide to Oral-Historical Evidence
A Guide to Oral-historical Evidence Una guía de fuentes históricas orales Pamela Jane SMITH McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3ER [email protected] Recibido: 22-11-2012 Aceptado: 21-08-2013 ABSTRACT Oral-historical methodology is briefly analysed and explained based on the author’s personal experience in the field over 30 years. The definition and uses of structured and unstructured interviews are detailed. The emotional aspects of interviewing are recognised. The problem sof how to address questions of credibility, transferability, dependability or confirm ability are examined. Examples of how to juxtapose different sources with oral evidence to support an histori- cal interpretation are given. Following Alison Wylie’s suggestions, use of ‘networks of resistances’ and ‘concatenations of inferences’ is recommended. In summary, personal narrative is seen as an elegant tool which enriches the history of archaeology. Oral recollections can recreate and capture the volume, silence, emotion and personal meaning of events. The Personal Histories Project is introduced as a way to create new sources and oral-history archives for future stu- dents, teachers and researchers. KEY WORDS: Oral-history method. History of Archaeology. Garrod. Burkitt. Clark. The Personal Histories Project. RESUMEN En este artículo se presenta brevemente la metodología histórica basada en fuentes orales a partir de la experiencia acumulada por el autor durante 30 años. Se detalla la definición y usos de entrevistas estructuradas e informales. Se describen los aspectos emocionales de las entrevistas. Se presentan ejemplos de cómo diferentes fuentes históricas pueden combinarse con fuentes orales en interpretaciones históricas. -
Iraq's Ancient Past
IRAQ’S ANCIENT PAST GALLERY AT THE PENN MUSEUM Iraq’s Ancient Past Ancient Mesopotamia was located between two great rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates. In fact, the name Mesopotamia means the land between two rivers. Today, we call this area Iraq. About 24000 BCE, the Akkadians settled the northern part of this region. The Sumerians had been living in the area since about 4500 BCE. Ancient Mesopotamia is called the cradle of civilization for good reason. They created the concept of the city, the first code of laws, and the first written language. The words abyss, cane, and Eden, all come from ancient Mesopotamia. In the 1920s, the Penn Museum and the British Museum excavated the site of the Sumerian city of Ur, home of the Bible’s patriarch, Abraham. In the Royal Cemetery, archaeologist Sir Leonard Woolley discovered the greatest treasure of the Early Dynastic period of Mesopotamian civilization, from about 2500 BCE. Some of the unearthed artifacts include personal ornaments, headdresses, musical Bull-Headed Lyre instruments, and all the paraphernalia of court and everyday life. 2550-2450 BCE In the tomb of Lady Puabi, archaeologists found the remains of soldiers, ladies-in-waiting, and a sledge drawn by four oxen. At first, Sir Leonard Woolley and his team thought that the large number of bodies within the royal tombs suggested that the servants were peacefully marched to their final resting place and ceremonially poisoned. Now, however, high-tech reanalysis of several of the skulls presents a different and harsher picture of what might have really occurred. -
The Study of the Human Remains from Nubia: the Contribution of Grafton Elliot Smith and His Colleagues to Palaeopathology
Medical History, 2000, 44: 363-388 The Study of the Human Remains from Nubia: The Contribution of Grafton Elliot Smith and his Colleagues to Palaeopathology H A WALDRON* Human remains have excited the curiosity and interest of the general public for centuries but their systematic study, and that of the diseases whose marks they bear, has been erratic and most often a fringe activity of those whose professional interests were directed mainly elsewhere. The first palaeopathological report appears to have been that of Esper' who described a tumour in the femur of a cave bear but which Mayer subsequently considered to be a simple fracture.2 Other reports in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries were also concerned with fossilized animal bones and credit for the introduction ofhuman palaeopathology is generally accorded to Virchow in consideration of his publication on Neanderthal bones in 1872.3 Virchow described a shortening of the ulna and humerus which he thought was due to rickets and osteoarthritis (arthritis deformans); the diagnosis of rickets was substantiated much later by Ivanhoe.4 Palaeopathological studies in Europe lagged far behind those in America, however, where J C Warren and S G Morton had produced works on the crania of the mound builders between 1822 and 1839 and begun what Jarcho described as a cranial fixation which persisted well into the first half of the twentieth century.5 Both Warren and Morton described artificial cranial deformation and, in Morton's case, evidence for trauma. The first systematic study ofdisease in ancient human remains in America was undertaken by Joseph Jones, the results of which were published in a monograph in 1876.6 Syphilis was one of the diseases which Jones reported as being present in his assemblage and this disease became a subject of intense speculation among early American palaeopathologists. -
Colin Renfrew Personal Histories, Monday, 23Rd October 2006
Colin Renfrew Personal Histories, Monday, 23rd October 2006 Audio-to-text transcription Personal Histories 2006 with Colin Renfrew, Mike Schiffer, Ezra Zubrow, recounting their memories of the 1960s “New Archaeology”. Graeme Barker was Chair. Robin Dennell, Rob Foley, Paul Mellars & Marek Zvelebil were discussants. Biffen Lecture Theatre University of Cambridge 4pm to 6.10pm Speaker in this segment: Professor Lord Renfrew Equipment: Edirol 24 bit WAVE/MP3 Recorder Queries should be directed to Pamela Jane Smith, McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge,Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3ER Transcriptionist: Pamela Jane Smith ([email protected]) Laughter and applause are noted. Colin Renfrew, 23rd October 2006 {Time 6:22] I think best on my feet so I stand to my feet, if you will allow me, and move to the podium. If we are talking about Lewis Binford we have to remember that Louis Binford’s background was in the American South and he had a wonderful Evangelical style. [audience laughter] Now, Pamela Jane Smith has said to each of us, certainly said to me, it is very important to be personal. I think she met to be personal about oneself although I may be personal about one or two others [audience laughter] in my remarks. She suggested that it might be appropriate … first of all I’m sure I mustn’t talk for more than 15 minutes. Graeme Barker. 5 to 10 minutes Colin Renfrew TEN! Well that’s 5 minutes gone already . [audience laughter] . half the time should be for personal reflections and then time for more general reflections. -
Archaeology: the Key Concepts Is the Ideal Reference Guide for Students, Teachers and Anyone with an Interest in Archaeology
ARCHAEOLOGY: THE KEY CONCEPTS This invaluable resource provides an up-to-date and comprehensive survey of key ideas in archaeology and their impact on archaeological thinking and method. Featuring over fifty detailed entries by international experts, the book offers definitions of key terms, explaining their origin and development. Entries also feature guides to further reading and extensive cross-referencing. Subjects covered include: ● Thinking about landscape ● Cultural evolution ● Social archaeology ● Gender archaeology ● Experimental archaeology ● Archaeology of cult and religion ● Concepts of time ● The Antiquity of Man ● Feminist archaeology ● Multiregional evolution Archaeology: The Key Concepts is the ideal reference guide for students, teachers and anyone with an interest in archaeology. Colin Renfrew is Emeritus Disney Professor of Archaeology and Fellow of the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge. Paul Bahn is a freelance writer, translator and broadcaster on archaeology. YOU MAY ALSO BE INTERESTED IN THE FOLLOWING ROUTLEDGE STUDENT REFERENCE TITLES: Archaeology: The Basics Clive Gamble Ancient History: Key Themes and Approaches Neville Morley Who’s Who in Ancient Egypt Michael Rice Who’s Who in the Ancient Near East Gwendolyn Leick Who’s Who in the Greek World John Hazel Who’s Who in the Roman World John Hazel ARCHAEOLOGY The Key Concepts Edited by Colin Renfrew and Paul Bahn LONDON AND NEW YORK First published 2005 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX 14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005.