Reinventing Discovery: the New Era of Networked Science
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Leveraging the Power of Place in Citizen Science for Effective Conservation Decision Making
BIOC-06887; No of Pages 10 Biological Conservation xxx (2016) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Biological Conservation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/bioc Leveraging the power of place in citizen science for effective conservation decision making G. Newman a,⁎,1,2, M. Chandler b,1,2,M.Clydec,1,2,B.McGreavyd,1,M.Haklaye,H.Ballardf, S. Gray g, R. Scarpino a,2, R. Hauptfeld a,2,D.Mellorh,J.Galloi,1 a Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA b Earthwatch Institute, Allston, MA 02134, USA c University of New Hampshire, Cooperative Extension, Durham, NH 03824-2500, USA d University of Maine, Department of Communication and Journalism, Orono, ME 04469, USA e University College London, WC1E 6BT London, UK f UC Davis, School of Education, Davis, CA 95616, USA g Department of Community Sustainability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA h Center for Open Science, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA i Conservation Biology Institute, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA article info abstract Article history: Many citizen science projects are place-based - built on in-person participation and motivated by local conserva- Received 16 October 2015 tion. When done thoughtfully, this approach to citizen science can transform humans and their environment. De- Received in revised form 19 May 2016 spite such possibilities, many projects struggle to meet decision-maker needs, generate useful data to inform Accepted 17 July 2016 decisions, and improve social-ecological resilience. Here, we define leveraging the ‘power of place’ in citizen sci- Available online xxxx ence, and posit that doing this improves conservation decision making, increases participation, and improves community resilience. -
Unveiling the Nature of the “Green Pea” Galaxies: Oxygen and Nitrogen Chemical Abundances
UNVEILING THE NATURE OF THE “GREEN PEA” GALAXIES: OXYGEN AND NITROGEN CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES Ricardo O. Amorín , Enrique Pérez -Montero & J. M. Vílchez Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA -CSIC, Granada -Spain) Estallidos Group amorin @iaa .es Estallidos Group epm @iaa .es ABSTRACT : We have investigated the oxygen and nitrogen chemical abundances in extremely compact star -forming galaxies ( SFGs ) with redshifts between ~ 0.11 and 0.35, popularly referred to as “green peas” (GPs). Direct and st rong -line methods sensitive to the N/O ratio applied to their Sloan D igital Sky Survey (SDSS) spectra reveal that these systems are genuine metal -poor galaxies, with mean oxygen abundances ~20% solar. At a give n metallicity these galaxies display systematically large N/O ratios compared to normal galaxies, which can explain the strong differ ence between our metallicities measurements and the previous ones. While their N/O ratios follo w the relation with stellar mass of local SFGs in the SDSS, we find that the mass -metallicity relation of the GPs is offset more than 0.3 dex to lower metallicities . We argue that recent interaction -induced inflow of gas, possibly coupled with a selective metal -rich gas loss, driven by supernova winds, may explain our findin gs and the known galaxy properties, namely high specific star formation rates, extreme compactness, and disturbed optical morphologies. The “green pea” galaxy prope rties seem to be uncommon in the nearby universe, suggesting a short and extreme stage of their evolutio n. Therefore, these galaxies may allow us to study in great deta il many processes, such as starburst activity and chemical enrichment, under physical conditions approaching those in galaxies at higher redshifts . -
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The Atomic Gas Mass of Green Pea Galaxies
DRAFT VERSION MAY 28, 2021 Typeset using LATEX default style in AASTeX62 The Atomic Gas Mass of Green Pea Galaxies N. KANEKAR,1 T. GHOSH,2 J. RHOADS,3, 4 S. MALHOTRA,3, 4 S. HARISH,4 J. N. CHENGALUR,1 AND K. M. JONES5 1National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Pune University, Pune 411007, India 2Green Bank Observatory, P.O. Box 2, Green Bank, WV 24944, USA 3Astrophysics Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA 4School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA 5Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, 1082 Malott, 1251 Wescoe Hall Dr. Lawrence, KS 66045 ABSTRACT We have used the Arecibo Telescope and the Green Bank Telescope to carry out a deep search for HI 21 cm emission from a large sample of Green Pea galaxies, yielding 19 detections, and 21 upper limits on the HI 8 mass. We obtain HI masses of MHI ≈ (4 − 300) × 10 M for the detections, with a median HI mass of 9 8 ≈ 2:6 × 10 M ; for the non-detections, the median 3σ upper limit on the HI mass is ≈ 5:5 × 10 M . These are the first estimates of the atomic gas content of Green Pea galaxies. We find that the HI-to-stellar mass ratio in Green Peas is consistent with trends identified in star-forming galaxies in the local Universe. However, the median HI depletion timescale in Green Peas is ≈ 0:6 Gyr, an order of magnitude lower than that obtained in local star-forming galaxies. -
Instituto De Astrofísica De Andalucía IAA-CSIC
Cover Picture. First image of the Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole in M87 obtained with the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Credit: The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 875:L1 (17pp), 2019 April 10 index 1 Foreword 3 Research Activity 24 Gender Actions 26 SCI Publications 27 Awards 31 Education 34 Internationalization 41 Workshops and Meetings 43 Staff 47 Public Outreach 53 Funding 59 Annex – List of Publications Foreword coordinated at the IAA. This project, designed to study the central region of the Milky Way with an This Report comes later than usual because of the unprecedented resolution, unravels the history of Covid-Sars2 pandemia. Let us use these first lines star formation in the galactic center, showing that to remember those who died on the occasion of it has not been continuous. In fact, an intense Covid19 and to all those affected personally. We episode of star formation that occurred about a thank all the people, especially in the health sector, billion years ago was detected, where stars with a who worked hard for the good of our society. combined mass of several tens of millions of suns were formed in less than 100 million years. After having received the Severo Ochoa Excellence award in June 2018, 2019 was the first year to be Many other interesting results were published by fully dedicated to our highly competitive strategic IAA researchers in more that 250 publications in research programme. Already the first week of refereed journals, a number of those reflecting our April 2019 was a very special one for the IAA life. -
Open Science: Past, Present and Future Andrea Miller-Nesbitt
Open Science: Past, Present and Future Andrea Miller-Nesbitt Open Science OVERVIEW …Present… Future… According to prominent open science advocate Michael Nielsen, open science is based on the idea that “scientific knowledge of all kinds should be openly shared as early as is practical in the Thousands of open science tools are used by researchers every day. Different tools support discovery process”1. Sharing the research process has never been easier, as most data are born different functions at various stages of the research process. The following are some examples of SOlUTIONS the different types of open science tools currently used: digital and stored electronically. Using a cyberinfrastructure of integrated science tools scientists are now able to conduct the research process openly from beginning to end. The following solutions proposed by the Royal Society, Science Policy Centre5 address the • Project planning challenges mentioned. There are many benefits to doing research openly, including accelerating the discovery process • Tools that track the development of ideas and experimental methods by making use of collective intelligence and citizen science, reducing the duplication of work Challenge Solution thereby saving time and resources, as well as increasing the visibility and impact of research2. • Data collection and analysis Legislation and policy • standards for sharing information in order to ensure usability and Although open science has not been fully embraced by everyone in the research community, • Data repositories and tools that make use of collective intelligence and citizen science interoperability there have been many successful open science projects. By working with researchers and policy • data deposit requirements from granting agencies and institutions makers, as librarians, we can help the open science movement to continue to grow. -
Astronomy and Other Predictions and Hypothesis Below
ASTRONOMY AND OTHER PREDICTIONS AND HYPOTHESIS BELOW: Myspace deleted my scientific blogs that has my predictions on it. This is not my fault but Myspaces's fault. Thousands of people are upset with them now. I am sure people have read my blogs in the past and can testify that I did make those predictions that was later proven true in astronomy. I have proof in the form of screenshots for the predictions and hypothiesis I made below. Just ask and I will send you them and they are time stamped by AOL and Myspace. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/10173232/MySpace-users-threaten-to-sue-after-years-of-blogs -deleted.html Thomas Zolotor wrote on his blog: An energy source will be detected in or around a galaxy that never been detected before https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10151916256614144&set=a.11263069143.17546.6281391 43&type=3&theater Radio Bursts Discovered From Beyond our Galaxy Astronomers, including a team member from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., have detected the first population of radio bursts known to originate from galaxies beyond our own Milky Way. The sources of the light bursts are unknown, but cataclysmic events, such as merging or exploding stars, are likely the triggers. Further scans for radio bursts using the Parkes Observatory are ongoing. Researchers are also using other telescopes to search for and characterize these events. For instance, the V-Fastr project, developed in part at JPL, is currently running on the National Radio Astronomy Observatory's Very Long Baseline Array, an international network of telescopes. -
Leveraging the Rest-Ultraviolet and Rest-Optical Spectra of Star
Leveraging the Rest-Ultraviolet and Rest-Optical Spectra of Star-Forming Galaxies at Redshifts 2 < z < 3 Thesis by Rachel Lauren Theios In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Pasadena, California 2020 Defended June 1, 2020 ii © 2020 Rachel Lauren Theios ORCID: 0000-0002-4236-1037 All rights reserved iii A long time ago in galaxies far, far away.... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, thank you to my advisor, Chuck Steidel—I could not have asked for a better mentor. You taught me that in astronomy (as in life), half the fun is just looking to see what’s out there without knowing what you’re going to find. I certainly didn’t anticipate the direction this thesis would take, but I am glad I had an advisor who supported me through every roadblock (and there were many of them). Thank you to my research group: to Allison, Ryan, and Gwen, for welcoming me into the world of observational astronomy, and every bit of advice and encouragement you’ve given me along the way. And thank you to Yuguang for helping me make sense of things when I got stuck, and humoring me on long observing nights when I started to get chatty. To the rest of my thesis committee: Evan Kirby, Lynne Hillenbrand, Chris Martin, and Phil Hopkins, thank you for all your valuable insight. Thank you to my friends and colleagues at Caltech, who made my days here so much brighter. I’ve met so many amazing grad students over the years, both inside and outside of astronomy, who have provided me with the warmest and most supportive environment I could have asked for. -
The Lyman Alpha Reference Sample VII
A&A 587, A78 (2016) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201527373 & c ESO 2016 Astrophysics The Lyman alpha reference sample VII. Spatially resolved Hα kinematics?;?? Edmund Christian Herenz1, Pieter Gruyters2, Ivana Orlitova3, Matthew Hayes4, Göran Östlin4, John M. Cannon5, Martin M. Roth1, Arjan Bik4, Stephen Pardy6, Héctor Otí-Floranes7, J. Miguel Mas-Hesse8, Angela Adamo4, Hakim Atek9, Florent Duval4;10, Lucia Guaita4;11, Daniel Kunth12, Peter Laursen13, Jens Melinder4, Johannes Puschnig4, Thøger E. Rivera-Thorsen4, Daniel Schaerer14;15, and Anne Verhamme14 1 Leibniz-Institut far Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), An der Sternwarte 16, 14482 Potsdam, Germany e-mail: [email protected] 2 Lund Observatory, Box 43, 221 00 Lund, Sweden 3 Astronomical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Bocníˇ II 1401, 141 00 Prague, Czech Republic 4 Department of Astronomy, Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 5 Department of Physics & Astronomy, Macalester College, 1600 Grand Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55105, USA 6 Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, 475 North Charter Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA 7 CONACyT research fellow – Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, UNAM, Campus Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58089, Mexico 8 Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC–INTA), Departamento de Astrofísica, PO Box 78, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain 9 Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland 10 Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan 11 INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via Frascati 33, 00040 Monteporzio, Italy 12 Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, UMR 7095 CNRS & UPMC, 98bis Bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France 13 Dark Cosmology Centre, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark 14 Observatoire de Genève, Université de Genève, 51 Ch. -
CHAPTER 1 Reinventing Discovery
August 18, 2011 Time: 06:24pm chapter01.tex Copyrighted Material CHAPTER 1 Reinventing Discovery Tim Gowers is not your typical blogger. A mathematician at Cam bridge University, Gowers is a recipient of the highest honor in mathematics, the Fields Medal, often called the Nobel Prize of mathematics. His blog radiates mathematical ideas and insight. In January 2009, Gowers decided to use his blog to run a very unusual social experiment. He picked out an important and difficult unsolved mathematical problem, a problem he said he’d “love to solve.” But instead of attacking the problem on his own, or with a few close colleagues, he decided to attack the problem completely in the open, using his blog to post ideas and partial progress. What’s more, he issued an open invitation asking other people to help out. Anyone could follow along and, if they had an idea, explain it in the comments section of the blog. Gowers hoped that many minds would be more powerful than one, that they would stimulate each other with different expertise and perspectives, and collectively make easy work of his hard mathematical problem. He dubbed the experiment the Polymath Project. The Polymath Project got off to a slow start. Seven hours after Gowers opened up his blog for mathematical discussion, not a single person had commented. Then a mathematician named Jozsef Solymosi from the University of British Columbia posted a comment suggesting a variation on Gowers’s problem, a variation which was easier, but which Solymosi thought might throw light on the original problem. Fifteen minutes later, an Arizona high-school teacher named Jason Dyer chimed in with a thought of his own. -
Bachelor Thesis Project, VT-2019
Bachelor thesis project, VT-2019 Stellar populations in the Green Pea galaxy J1457+2232 Jan Malmgren University of Stockholm, Astronomy department, Sweden March 3, 2019 1 The galaxy swings around like a wheel of lighted smoke, and the smoke is made of stars. It is sunsmoke. For lack of other words we call it sunsmoke, do you see. I don’t feel languages are equal to what that vision comprehends. The riches of the languages we know, Xinombric, has three million words, but then the galaxy you’re gazing into now has more than ninety billion suns. Has there ever been a brain that mastered all the words in the Xinombric language? Not a one. Now you see. And do not see. ANIARA (poem 85), Harry Martinsson 2 Abstract In this report I present a study of possible age gradients in the Green Pea galaxy J145735.13+223201.8 to be able to conclude if there is an extended star forming history in such a galaxy. Data are coming from two different sources, highly resolved images in four different wavelengths of stars in the galaxy, and of nebular gas in a narrow band H Balmer line filter, from the Hubble Space Telescope1 (HST), as well as spectral line information from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey2 (SDSS). I compare the observations with stellar population models from two different libraries, Yggdrasil and Starburst99. Due to the highly resolved images from HST this is one of the first studies of spatially resolved stellar populations in a Green Pea galaxy. With the help from these spatially resolved images it was possible to study star clumps independently from each other. -
Given Frustrations with Academic Structures, How Can We Build a More Human-Centered Open Science?
Given frustrations with academic structures, how can we build a more human-centered open science? blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2016/07/26/how-can-we-build-a-human-centered-open-science/ Open science has finally hit the mainstream. Alex Lancaster looks at the emerging criticisms leveled against how we publish and disseminate science and argues it may be time to reframe the open science project. Rather than relying on instrumentalist language of “carrot-and-sticks” and “rewards- and-incentives” we should instead focus on the actual working conditions for scientists and the political economy in which they are embedded. Preprints. Research Parasites. Scientific Reproducibility. Citizen science. Open science really hit the mainstream in 2016. So what is open science? For some it simply means more timely and regular releases of data sets, and publication in open-access journals. Others imagine a more radical transformation of science and scholarship and advocate “open-notebook” science with a continuous public record of scientific work and constant release of data. Michael Nielsen, author of Reinventing Discovery: The New Era of Networked Science describes open science, less as a set of specific practices, but a process to amplify collective intelligence to solve scientific problems more easily: To amplify collective intelligence, we should scale up collaborations, increasing the cognitive diversity and range of available expertise as much as possible. This broadens the range of problems that can be easy solved … Ideally, the collaboration will achieve designed serendipity, so that a problem that seems hard to the person posing it finds its way to a person with just the right microexpertise to easily solve it.