Problem and Coping Strategy of Street Children, the Case of Nekemte Town, Ethiopia
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1 Running head: PROBLEMS AND COPING STRATE Problem and Coping Strategy of Street Children, the Case of Nekemte Town, Ethiopia By Azmeraw Zerihun Addis Ababa University School of Social Work November, 2015 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Running head: PROBLEMS AND COPING STRATE 2 Problem and Coping Strategy of Street Children, the Case of Nekemte Town, Ethiopia By: Azmeraw Zerihun Addis Ababa University Graduate School of Social Work Advisor: Ashenafi Hagos (PhD) A Thesis Submitted to the School of Social Work Impartial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters in Social Work (MSW) November, 2015 Running head: PROBLEMS AND COPING STRATE 3 Addis Ababa Addis Ababa University Research and Graduate Program Problem and Coping Strategy of Street Children, the Case of Nekemte Town, Ethiopia By Azmeraw Zerihun A thesis submitted to The school of graduate studies Addis Ababa University Signed by the Examining Committee: _____________________________ __________________________ Advisor Signature _____________________________ __________________________ External Examiner Signature _____________________________ __________________________ Internal Examiner Signature Running head: PROBLEMS AND COPING STRATE 4 Declaration I the undersigned, declare that this thesis is my original work, has never been presented in this or any other university, and that all resources and materials used herein, have been duly acknowledged Name: Azmeraw Zerihun Signature: ---------------------------------------------- Place: Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia Date of Submission: --------------------------------------------- This thesis has been submitted for examination with any approval as a University Advisors Name: Dr. Ashenafi Hagos Signiture: _______________________________________________ Running head: PROBLEMS AND COPING STRATE 5 Acknowledgments First all I would like to begin with thanking my God who has been with me in every single step the way through my stay in Masters Program. Thus, the highest gratitude goes to God. Secondly, my heartfelt thanks and appreciations goes to my advisor Dr. Ashenafi Hagos whose advises, comments and directions have helped and guided the study to reach its current state. Thank you for being friendly, understanding and supportive. Special thanks go to street children who have participated on this study and key informants from BOLSA and Police Commission of Nekemete City Administration who have given their time and provided me with ample information without which this paper has been in this current state. I thank you for your time, for being understanding and supportive. My dear brother Aklilu Zerihun you know I wouldn`t have attended this program had it not been for you and everything I am going to say will not express the level of your support both materially and emotionally. Thank you very much for being there whenever I need your support and input. Last but not least my thanks goes to my mother Yeshumnesh Egere and my father Zerihun Negera and also my brothers Bereket, Israel and Yohannes who have been beside me whenever I need their help. Thank you for your emotional and material support and God bless you all. Running head: PROBLEMS AND COPING STRATE 6 Table of content Contents Page Declaration……………………………………………….…………………………………..i Acknowledgements..................................................................................................................ii Table of content……………………………………………………………………………...iii Acronyms…………………………………………………………………………………….ix List of figure and table………………………………………………………………………...x Abstract……………………………………….……………………………….……………..xii Chapter One 1.1 Introduction....... .............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Statement of the problem....... ......................................................................................... 3 1.3 Objective of the study........................ .............................................................................. 7 1.3.1 General Objective........................ ........................................................................... 7 1.3.2 Specific Objective........................ ........................................................................... 7 1.4 Significance of the study.................................................................... .............................. 7 1.5 Limitation of the study .............................................................................................. ......8 1.6 Definition terms........................ ...................................................................................... 8 Chapter Two 2. Literature Review............................................................................................................ 10 2.1 Definition of street Children...........................................................................................10 2.2 Theories ..........................................................................................................................12 Running head: PROBLEMS AND COPING STRATE 7 2.2.1. Conflict Theory.... ............................................................................................. 12 2.2.2. Resilience Theory.... ........................................................................................ .14 2.3. Problems and Challenges faced by street Children........................................................16 2.3.1. Lack of Basic Needs..............................................................................................16 2.3.1.1. Food.................................................................................................................16 2.3.1.2. Cloth.................................................................................................................18 2.3.1.3. Shelter...............................................................................................................19 2.3.2. Health Problems.......................................................................................................20 2.3.3. Psychological Problems...........................................................................................23 2.3.4. Abuse.......................................................................................................................24 2.3.5. Vulnerability to Engage in Crime............................................................................26 2.3.6. Water and Sanitation Problem..................................................................................27 2.3.7. Substance Abuse.......................................................................................................28 2.4. Coping Strategies used of Street Children.......................................................................29 2.4.1. Coping strategies street children use to cope with problem of access to basic needs ……………………………………………………………………………………..30 Running head: PROBLEMS AND COPING STRATE 8 2.4.2. Coping strategies street children use to deal with health problems……………...32 2.4.3. Coping strategies street children use to deal with psychological problems…….33 2.4.4. Coping strategies street children use to deal with abuse…………………………34 2.4.5. Coping strategies respondents use to deal with problems of water and sanitation facilities…………………………………………………………………………..35 Chapter Three 3. Research method...............................................................................................................37 3.1. Research Design..............................................................................................................37 3.2. Study Area.......................................................................................................................37 3.3. Sampling Technique........................................................................................................39 3.4. Method of Data Collection...............................................................................................41 3.5. Data Collection Tools.......................................................................................................42 3.5.1. Questionnaire...........................................................................................................42 3.5.2. Key Informant interview..........................................................................................43 3.5.3. In-depth interview…………………………………………………………………44 3.5.4. Observation..............................................................................................................44 3.6. Variables considered in this study………………………………………………………45 3.6.1. Independent variable……………………………………………………………….45 3.6.2. Dependent variables………………………………………………………………..45 3.7. Data Analysis....................................................................................................................45 Running head: PROBLEMS AND COPING STRATE 9 3.8. Ethical Consideration........................................................................................................46 Chapter Four 4. Finding ...............................................................................................................................49 4.1. Socio-Demographic Characteristics................................................................................49 4.2. Access to basic needs......................................................................................................51 4.2.1. Food.......................................................................................................................51