The Health Profession Assistant: Consideration for the Dental Assistant Application for Regulation Volume 2 SECTION I
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Radiation Protection Guidance for Diagnostic X Rays
Disclaimer - For assistance accessing this document or additional information, please contact [email protected]. EPA 520/4-76-019 FEDERAL GUIDANCE REPORT NO. 9 RADIATION PROTECTION GUIDANCE FOR DIAGNOSTIC X RAYS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP ON MEDICAL RADIATION FEDERAL GUIDANCE REPORT NO. 9 RADIATION PROTECTION GUIDANCE FOR DIAGNOSTIC X RAYS Interagency Working Group on Medical Radiation U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington, D.C. 20460 October 1976 PREFACE The authority of the Federal Radiation Council to provide radiation protection guidance was transferred to the Environmental Protection Agency on December 2, 1970, by Reorganization Plan No. 3. Prior to this transfer, the Federal Radiation Council developed reports which provided the basis for guidance recommended to the President for use by Federal agencies in developing standards for a wide range of radiation exposure circumstances. This report, which was prepared in cooperation with an Interagency Working Group on Medical Radiation formed on July 5, 1974, constitutes a similar objective to provide the basis for recommendations to reduce unnecessary radiation exposure due to medical uses of diagnostic x rays. The Interagency Working Group developed its recommendations with the help of two subcommittees. The Subcommittee on Prescription of Exposure to X rays examined factors to eliminate clinically unproductive examinations and the Subcommittee on Technic of Exposure Prevention examined factors to assure the use of optimal technic in performing x-ray examinations. Both subcommittees also considered the importance of appropriate and properly functioning equipment in producing radiographs of the required diagnostic quality with minimal exposure. Reports by these subcommittees were made available for public comment. -
Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Page 1 of 13
Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Page 1 of 13 Dental Policy An Independent licensee of the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association Title: Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Professional Institutional Original Effective Date: January 1, 2007 Original Effective Date: January 1, 2007 Revision Date(s): May 14, 2013; Revision Date(s): May 14, 2013; December 31, 2013; May 13, 2015; December 31, 2013; May 13, 2015; April 27, 2016; January 18, 2017; April 27, 2016; January 18, 2017; February 15, 2018; July 3, 2019; February 15, 2018; July 3, 2019, October 1, 2020; May 21, 2021 October 1, 2020; May 21, 2021 Current Effective Date: May 21, 2021 Current Effective Date: May 21, 2021 State and Federal mandates and health plan member contract language, including specific provisions/exclusions, take precedence over Medical Policy and must be considered first in determining eligibility for coverage. To verify a member's benefits, contact Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Kansas Customer Service. The BCBSKS Medical Policies contained herein are for informational purposes and apply only to members who have health insurance through BCBSKS or who are covered by a self-insured group plan administered by BCBSKS. Medical Policy for FEP members is subject to FEP medical policy which may differ from BCBSKS Medical Policy. The medical policies do not constitute medical advice or medical care. Treating health care providers are independent contractors and are neither employees nor agents of Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Kansas and are solely responsible for diagnosis, treatment and medical advice. If your patient is covered under a different Blue Cross and Blue Shield plan, please refer to the Medical Policies of that plan. -
Radiation Safety in Dental Radiography
Dental Radiography Series Radiation Safety in dental radiography. The goal of dental radiography is to obtain diagnostic information while keeping the exposure to the patient and dental staff at minimum levels. While some exposure to radiation is acceptable in medical practice, it should be understood that levels of radiation exposure to patients, dental staff, and other nearby occupants should be kept to As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) to reduce health risks from ionizing radiation. Any methods that can reduce patient and area radiation exposures without major difficulty, great expense or inconvenience, should be practiced. Practitioners must always consider the risk of patient exposure with the benefit of diagnosis. Radiograph Guidelines 4 Radiation safety considerations 4 Exposure 5 Patient selection 5 Film 6 Rectangular Collimation 7 Image Density 7 Film Cassettes 7 Minimal Exposure 8 Exposure Protection Basic principals of radiation safety Additional radiation safety controls commonly utilized for dental facilities Engineering controls 9 Summary 9 References Radiograph Guidelines One way to do this is with the use of radiographic patient All x-ray equipment, regardless of date of manufacture, is selection criteria. subject to state and federal x-ray equipment regulations. Guidelines for the prescription of dental radiographs have Although proper filtration is not usually a problem with been developed by an expert panel of dentists sponsored modern equipment, older x-ray machines should be tested by the public health service. by a radiation physicist or qualified technician to verify the presence of the correct amount of filtration. A free brochure is available from Carestream Dental (see last page for ordering information) publication The kilovoltage or kVp setting is one of the most 8616 “Guidelines for prescribing dental radiographs.” important factors that determines the image contrast, The guidelines are voluntary and are intended only as a as well as dosage to the patient. -
Emission Tuned-Aperture Computed Tomography: a Novel Approach to Scintimammography
Emission Tuned-Aperture Computed Tomography: A Novel Approach to Scintimammography Frederic H. Fahey, Kerry L. Grow, Richard L. Webber, Beth A. Harkness, Ersin Bayram, and Paul F. Hemler Division of Radiologic Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, and Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 1 or more distant sites (3). Early detection, therefore, plays Emission tuned-aperture computed tomography (ETACT) is a an essential role in the fight against breast cancer. Although new approach to acquiring and processing scintimammography mammography is currently the best imaging approach for data. A gamma camera with a pinhole collimator is used to breast cancer screening, several factors may limit its accu- acquire projections of the radionuclide distribution within the racy. Dense breasts, breast implants, or scars may either breast. Fiducial markers are used to reconstruct these projec- tions into tomographic slices. Simulation and phantom experi- resemble a tumor or hide true small tumors on the mam- ments were performed to evaluate the potential of the ETACT mogram. As a result, false-positive as well as false-negative method. Methods: In the simulation study, a hemispheric object incidents are increased. Mammography has a relatively high of 15 cm in diameter was constructed to model a breast. A sensitivity (88%), although dense or large breasts may re- ray-tracing technique was used to generate ideal projections. duce this. However, it has a low specificity (67%) (4). These were blurred and noise was added to create images that Scintimammography using 99mTc-labeled sestamibi has resemble scintigraphic images. Tumor size, pinhole size, and target-to-nontarget radioactivity ratios (TNTs) were varied. -
Essential Tips for Dental Radiographers
Essential Tips for Dental Radiographers The Academy of Dental Learning and OSHA Training, LLC, designates this activity for 2 continuing education credits (2 CEs). Martin S. Spiller, DMD Health Science Editor: Megan Wright, RDH, MS Publication Date: May 2010 Updated Date: December 2019 Expiration Date: December 2021 The Academy of Dental Learning and OSHA Training, LLC is an ADA CERP Recognized Provider. ADA CERP is a service of the American Dental Association to assist dental professionals in identifying quality providers of continuing dental education. ADA CERP does not approve or endorse individual courses or instructors, nor does it imply acceptance of credit hours by boards of dentistry. Concerns or complaints about a CE provider may be directed to the provider or to the Commission for Continuing Education Provider Recognition at ADA.org/CERP. Conflict of Interest Disclosure: ADL does not accept promotional or commercial funding in association with its courses. In order to promote quality and scientific integrity, ADL's evidence- based course content is developed independent of commercial interests. Refund Policy: If you are dissatisfied with the course for any reason, prior to taking the test and receiving your certificate, return the printed materials within 15 days of purchase and we will refund your full tuition. Shipping charges are nonrefundable. California Registered Provider Number: RP5631 Answer Sheet: Essential Tips for Dental Radiographers 1. _______ 3. _______ 5. _______ 7. _______ 9. _______ 2. _______ 4. _______ 6. _______ 8. _______ 10. _______ Name: ________________________________________ Profession: _________________________ License State: ____________ License Number: ________________ Expiration Date Address City: ____________________________________ State: __________ Zip Code: Telephone:________________________________ Fax: ____________________________________ E-mail: If you have downloaded the course and printed the answer sheet from the Internet please enter payment information below. -
Dental Radiography
Dental Radiology Made Easy - Tips and Tricks for Great Rads! Mary L. Berg, BS, LATG, RVT, VTS(Dentistry) Beyond the Crown Veterinary Education Lawrence, KS [email protected] Here are some quick tips for great x-rays every time: 1. You need a diagnostic x-ray – not a perfect x-ray. A diagnostic x-ray allows for the visualization of 2-3 mm of bone around the apex of the root and the level of the alveolar bone. The crown does not need to be on the x-ray. 2. The entire tooth does not need to be on one view. If both roots are visible but on two separate x-rays, it’s okay! 3. Get all the teeth in as few views as possible. This saves time and gives a quick survey of the oral cavity. If more detail is needed, additional view should be obtained. 4. Every patient, every time! Not only will this help you become faster at taking x-rays, but it is also better medicine. Remember the patients can’t tell us where it hurts. 5. Proper positioning of the animal is key! Place the animal (both dog and cat) in sternal recumbency for the maxillary views and dorsal recumbency for the mandibular. Ensure that the dental arcade is parallel to the table, and the mouth is straight, not tilted in either direction. 6. The sensor (film) should always be placed with the teeth on the very edge of the sensor with the remainder of the sensor inside the mouth, and the sensor should be flat or parallel to the table for maxillary views. -
Maxillofacial Imaging
3 ▼ MAXILLOFACIAL IMAGING SHARON L. BROOKS, DDS, MS ▼ SELECTION CRITERIA The role of imaging in oral medicine varies greatly with the ▼ IMAGING MODALITIES AVAILABLE IN DENTAL type of problem being evaluated. Certain problems, such as OFFICES AND CLINICS pain in the orofacial region, frequently require imaging to Intraoral and Panoramic Radiography determine the origin of the pain. For other conditions, how- Digital Imaging ever, such as soft-tissue lesions of the oral mucosa, imaging Conventional Tomography offers no new diagnostic information. ▼ IMAGING MODALITIES AVAILABLE IN HOSPITALS The variety of imaging techniques available to the clinician AND RADIOLOGY CLINICS has grown in number and in degree of sophistication over the Computed Tomography years. While this means that there is an imaging procedure Magnetic Resonance Imaging that will provide the information desired by the clinician, it Ultrasonography Nuclear Medicine also means that choosing the best technique is not necessarily Contrast-Enhanced Radiography an easy process. This chapter first explores the underlying principles the ▼ IMAGING PROTOCOLS Orofacial Pain clinician should consider when deciding whether imaging is Disease Entities Affecting Salivary Glands appropriate for the case in question and then discusses the Jaw Lesions imaging techniques that are available in dental offices and in ▼ BENEFITS AND RISKS referral imaging centers. Examples of specific imaging proto- cols are then described, followed by a discussion of risk-ben- efit analysis of imaging in oral medicine. ▼SELECTION CRITERIA The decision to order diagnostic imaging as part of the evalu- ation of an orofacial complaint should be based on the prin- ciple of selection criteria. Selection criteria are those histori- cal and/or clinical findings that suggest a need for imaging to provide additional information so that a correct diagnosis and an appropriate management plan can be determined. -
Manual of Applied Infection Prevention and Control
MANUAL OF APPLIED INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL 2021-2022 1 Table of Contents OVERVIEW: APPLIED INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL .............................. 5 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Rationale ................................................................................................................................................ 5 How does infection occur ................................................................................................................. 5 Contact transmission .................................................................................................................................... 5 i. Direct ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 ii. Indirect ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 Droplets .............................................................................................................................................................. 5 Aerosols .............................................................................................................................................................. 5 Infection Control Protocol: Standard Precautions ................................................................ -
Bloodborne Pathogens (Bbp) Training
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS (BBP) TRAINING Developed by faculty at the University of Washington, School of Dentistry 2016 Why You Need BBP Training In 1992, the state of Washington enacted a law mandating annual training for all individuals with jobs that could expose them to a Bloodborne Pathogen (BBP). This module is designed to provide you with the Bloodborne Pathogen (BBP) training required annually by State and Federal law. http://apps.leg.wa.gov/WAC/default.aspx?cite=296-823 https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=10051 2 What You Will Accomplish with this Training This training will: familiarize you with the kinds of blood-borne pathogens (BBP) found in the dental office, describe the risk they pose to you & patients, as well as teach you preventive measures to avoid risk of exposure, assist you in developing an exposure control plan for mitigating risk of exposures in your office, & fulfill your annual state BBP training requirement. 3 Bloodborne Pathogens - Defined BBPs are microorganisms present in blood which can result in serious diseases ‘Blood’ includes: human blood & its components products made from human blood medications derived from blood (e.g. immune globulins) NOTE: BBPs are prevalent in dental practice & simple to avoid exposure 4 Pathogens and Dentistry Several pathogens including viruses, bacteria, fungi, & parasites are potentially harmful. Due to their prevalence, viral & bacterial infections are high risk in dentistry. Viruses are small infectious agents causing colds, flu, hepatitis, HIV, & herpes. All can be contracted through accidentally during the normal work day and considered as occupational exposures. 5 Occupational Exposures “Occupational Exposure” means reasonably anticipated BBP contact with skin, eye or mucous membranes that may result during the performance of an employee’s duties. -
Letter Bill 1..8
Public Act 097-0886 SB2941 Enrolled LRB097 15511 CEL 60634 b AN ACT concerning regulation. Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly: Section 5. The Illinois Dental Practice Act is amended by changing Section 17 as follows: (225 ILCS 25/17) (from Ch. 111, par. 2317) (Section scheduled to be repealed on January 1, 2016) Sec. 17. Acts Constituting the Practice of Dentistry. A person practices dentistry, within the meaning of this Act: (1) Who represents himself as being able to diagnose or diagnoses, treats, prescribes, or operates for any disease, pain, deformity, deficiency, injury, or physical condition of the human tooth, teeth, alveolar process, gums or jaw; or (2) Who is a manager, proprietor, operator or conductor of a business where dental operations are performed; or (3) Who performs dental operations of any kind; or (4) Who uses an X-Ray machine or X-Ray films for dental diagnostic purposes; or (5) Who extracts a human tooth or teeth, or corrects or attempts to correct malpositions of the human teeth or jaws; or (6) Who offers or undertakes, by any means or method, Public Act 097-0886 SB2941 Enrolled LRB097 15511 CEL 60634 b to diagnose, treat or remove stains, calculus, and bonding materials from human teeth or jaws; or (7) Who uses or administers local or general anesthetics in the treatment of dental or oral diseases or in any preparation incident to a dental operation of any kind or character; or (8) Who takes impressions of the human tooth, teeth, or jaws or performs any phase -
Infection Control, Dental Practice Act, & OSHA for 2017
Infection Control, Dental Practice Act, & OSHA for 2017 Infection Control OSHA Dental Practice Act HIPAA Presented by Leslie Canham, CDA, RDA, CSP (Certified Speaking Professional) In the dental field since 1972, Leslie helps simplify complex regulations. She provides in office training, compliance audits, consulting, workshops, and mock inspections. For the 6th year in a row, she has been listed as a “Leader In Consulting” by Dentistry Today. She is authorized by the Department of Labor, The Academy of General Dentistry, and the California Dental Board to provide continuing education. Leslie is the founder of Leslie Canham and Associates. Leslie Canham is sponsored in part by DENTAL BOARD OF CALIFORNIA INFECTION CONTROL REGULATIONS California Code of Regulations Title 16 §1005. Minimum Standards for Infection Control. Effective 8/20/11 (a) Definitions of terms used in this section: (1) “Standard precautions” are a group of infection prevention practices that apply to all patients, regardless of suspected or confirmed infection status, in any setting in which healthcare is delivered. These include hand hygiene, use of gloves, gown, mask, eye protection, or face shield, depending on the anticipated exposure, and safe handling of sharps. Standard precautions shall be used for care of all patients regardless of their diagnoses or personal infectious status. (2) “Critical items” confer a high risk for infection if they are contaminated with any microorganism. These include all instruments, devices, and other items used to penetrate soft tissue or bone. (3) “Semi-critical items” are instruments, devices and other items that are not used to penetrate soft tissue or bone, but contact oral mucous membranes, non- intact skin or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM). -
Alabama 2020 Allowable and Prohibited Duties for Dental Assistants
DENTAL ASSISTING NATIONAL BOARD, INC. Alabama 2020 Allowable and Prohibited Duties for Dental Assistants At-a-glance information includes a dental assisting career ladder and job titles, radiography requirements, education and exam requirements, delegable functions and supervision levels, and prohibited functions. INSIDE: • State requirements and functions chart • Appendix A: information about numbering system • Appendix B: information about supervision levels for dental assistants ABOUT THESE DATA These data are presented for informational purposes only and are not intended as a legal opinion regarding dental practice in any state. DANB confers with each state’s dental board at least annually regarding the accuracy and currency of this information. To verify, or if you have any questions, please contact your state’s dental board. © 2006-2020 Dental Assisting National Board, Inc. All rights reserved. NELDA®, CDA®, COA®, CRFDA®, CPFDA®, and COMSA®, are registered certification marks of the Dental Assisting National Board, Inc. (DANB). DANB®, Dental Assisting National Board®, RHS®, ICE®, and Measuring Dental Assisting Excellence® are registered service marks of DANB. CERTIFIED DENTAL ASSISTANT™ is a certification mark of DANB. AL ALABAMA: OVERVIEW State-approved 1/13/2020 State Career Ladder There is one recognized level of dental assistant in Alabama. See the following pages for details about requirements and allowed func- tions for this level. Numbers for each level are provided for internal reference and do not correspond to specific state designations. State Job Titles 1 Dental Assistant State Radiography Requirements There are no radiography requirements for dental assistants in Alabama. All dental assistants may legally operate dental x-ray equipment and perform dental radiographic procedures.