Environmental Assessment Report

Initial Environmental Examination for SH-41: Agar–Barod––Jawra Project Road Project Number: 43063 November 2010

IND: State Roads Project III

Prepared by Government of Madhya Pradesh for the Asian Development Bank (ADB).

The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

Table of Contents Executive Summary …………………………………………………………………………vii 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Project Background/Rationale ...... 1 1.2. Project Preparatory Technical Assistance (PPTA) and Environmental Assessment ...... 2 1.3. Purpose of the Study ...... 2 1.4. Extent of IEE ...... 3 1.5. IEE Content ...... 3 1.6. Team Composition and Acknowledgements ...... 3 1.7. Methodology ...... 3 1.7.1. Information/ data Sources ...... 4 1.7.2. Public Consultation ...... 5 2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 6 2.1. Country’s Legal Framework and Regulatory Requirements for the Project ...... 6 2.2. Environmental Clearance Process ...... 7 2.3. Administrative Structure and the Interactive framework ...... 9 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 10 3.1. Project Location ...... 10 3.2. Characteristics of the Existing road ...... 11 3.3. Category of the Project ...... 14 3.4. Need for the Sub-Project ...... 15 3.5. Existing and Projected Traffic ...... 15 3.6. Key Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Activities ...... 16 3.7. Material required and Sourcing ...... 24 3.8. Project Implementation Schedule and Cost ...... 26 4. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 27 4.2.1. Meteorology and Climate ...... 28 4.2.2. Air and Noise Quality ...... 30 4.2.3. Topography and Geomorphology ...... 31 4.2.4. Geology/Soil ...... 32 4.2.5. Seismicity ...... 33 4.2.6. Land use ...... 34 4.2.7. Hydrology and Drainage ...... 35 4.2.8. Groundwater ...... 36 4.2.9. Surface water ...... 37 4.3. Ecological Resources ...... 38 4.3.1. Terrestrial Ecology ...... 38 4.3.2. Aquatic Ecology ...... 47 4.4. Socio-Economic Development ...... 48 4.5. Social and Cultural Resources ...... 50 4.5.1. Population and Communities ...... 50 4.5.2. Literacy ...... 52 4.5.3. Occupational Status ...... 52 4.5.4. Structures or sites of historical, archaeological, paleontological, or architectural significance ...... 53 5. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES 54 5.1.1. Climate ...... 54 ii

5.1.2. Natural Hazard ...... 55 5.1.3. Air Quality ...... 55 5.1.4. Noise ...... 56 5.1.5. Impact on Land and Soil ...... 58 5.1.6. Groundwater ...... 61 5.1.7. Siltation and Surface Water Quality of Rivers and Other Water Bodies ...... 61 5.1.8. Hydrology and Drainage ...... 63 5.2. Impact on Biological Environment ...... 64 5.2.1. Terrestrial Ecology ...... 64 5.2.2. Aquatic Ecology ...... 68 5.2.3. Fauna ...... 69 5.3. Management of Construction Debris/Waste ...... 69 5.4. Socio-Economic Impact ...... 70 5.4.1. Positive Impacts ...... 70 5.4.2. Anticipated Negative Impacts ...... 70 5.4.3. Obstruction and Disruption of Traffic ...... 73 5.4.4. Transportation and Storage of Materials ...... 74 5.5. Cumulative and Induced Impact ...... 76 6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 78 6.1. Consultation Method and Information Disclosed ...... 78 6.2. Compliance with Relevant Regulatory Requirements ...... 78 6.3. Beneficiaries’ Comments ...... 81 7. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND GRIEVANCE REDDRESS MECHANISM 84 7.1. Environmental Management Plan ...... 84 7.1.1. Social Development and Indigenous People Development Program (IPDP):84 7.1.2. Emergency Response Plan ...... 84 7.2. Environmental Monitoring Program (EMoP) ...... 84 7.2.1. Monitoring schedule and performance indicator ...... 85 7.2.2. Authorities and their Responsibilities for Implementation of EMoP ...... 86 7.3. Institutional Setting and Proposed Implementation Arrangement ...... 86 7.3.2. Institutional / Capacity Building ...... 90 7.4. Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 92 8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 93 8.1. Conclusions ...... 93 8.2. Key Recommendations: ...... 94

List of Tables Table 1.1 : Road Sections under MP State Highways III Project ...... 1 Table 1.2 : Primary and Secondary Information Sources ...... 4 Table 2.1 : Permissions/Clearances Required for the Sub-Project ...... 6 Table 3.1 : Carriageway Details ...... 11 Table 3.2 : Road Stretches for Reconstruction ...... 12 Table 3.3 : List of Major and Minor Intersections ...... 13 Table 3.4 : ADT of Project Road ...... 15 Table 3.5 : Summary of Projected Traffic for the Project Road ...... 16 Table 3.6 : Details of Existing Carriage Way with Widening Proposal ...... 18 Table 3.7 : Cement Concrete Lined Drain ...... 19 Table 3.8 : Crash Barrier Location ...... 20 Table 3.9 : Lighting ...... 21 Table 3.10 : Bus Stop Locations ...... 21 iii

Table 3.11 : Stone Pitching ...... 23 Table 3.12 : List of Borrow Area ...... 25 Table 4.1 : Summary of Important Features of the Project Districts ...... 27 Table 4.2 : Monthly Rainfall data (mm) in the project districts for the last six years ...... 30 Table 4.3 : Ambient Air Quality Along the project section (24 Hourly) ...... 31 Table 4.4 : Noise Level in dB (A) Along the Project Corridor ...... 31 Table 4.5 : Physiochemical Characteristics of soil in the project road ...... 33 Table 4.6 : Land Use Pattern in the State ...... 34 Table 4.7 : Chainage wise Land Use Pattern along the project road ...... 35 Table 4.8 : List of Surface Water Sources Along/Across Project Corridor ...... 36 Table 4.9 : Groundwater Quality Along the Project Corridor ...... 37 Table 4.10 : Surface Water Quality of the river in project area ...... 37 Table 4.11 : List of Plant Species found in the Study Area ...... 40 Table 4.12 : List of Fauna found in the Study Area ...... 43 Table 4.13 : List of Reptiles in the Study Area ...... 43 Table 4.14 : List of Avifauna found in the Study Area ...... 44 Table 4.15 : Trees along Project Road (within 20m width) ...... 45 Table 4.16 : Demographic Profile of the State and the country ...... 50 Table 4.17 : List of villages in the project road ...... 51 Table 5.1 : List of Noise-Sensitive Locations along the Alignment ...... 57 Table 5.2 List of Trees to be Cut ...... 64 Table 5.3 : Common Property Resources Along the Alignment ...... 75 Table 6.1 : Summary of Consultation held with various Government Departments ...... 79 Table 6.2 : Summary of Consultation with NGOs ...... 80 Table 6.3 : Consultation with local community ...... 82 Table 7.1 : Roles and Duties of Implementing Agency/Organisations ...... 87 Table 7.2 Combined Training Budget for MPSRSP II ...... 90

List of Figures Figure 2.1 : Environmental Clearance Procedure in ...... 8 Figure 2.2 : Legislative Interface among various regulatory bodies ...... 9 Figure 3.1 : Connectivity to the project Road ...... 11 Figure 3.2 : Typical Cross section of the project Road ...... 17 Figure 4.1 : Isohyetal map of Madhya Pradesh ...... 29 Figure 4.2 : Hazard and Seismic Zoning Map ...... 34 Figure 4.3 : Drainage map of the project road SH-41...... 36 Figure 4.4 : Forest Cover Map of Madhya Pradesh ...... 39 Figure 4.5 : National Parks and Sanctuaries in Madhya Pradesh ...... 42 Figure 4.6 : Demographic Status of the Project Section ...... 52 Figure 4.7 : Literacy rate along the project section ...... 52 Figure 4.8 : Occupational status along the Alignment ...... 53 Figure 7.1 : Proposed Structure for EMP/EMOP Implementation ...... 89

List of Appendix Appendix 3.1: Inventory and Survey Condition of Bridges ...... 96 Appendix 3.2: Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist ...... 97 Appendix 3.4: Details of Chainage-wise Existing and Proposed Design Speed and Curve Radius ...... 101 Appendix 4.1 : National Ambient Air Quality Standards ...... 102 Appendix 4.2 : Ambient Noise Level Limits (In Leq dB(A)), India ...... 103

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Appendix 4.3 : Drinking Water Standards And Probable Effects on Human Health (BIS: IS: 10500, 1991) ...... 104 Appendix 4.4 : Water Quality Criteria And Standards for Freshwater Classification (CPCB, 1979) ...... 107 Appendix 5.1: Guidelines for Borrow Areas Management ...... 108 Appendix 7.1: Environmental Management Plan (SH-38: Agar-Barod-Alot- 108.70 km) ...... 112 Appendix 7.2: Monitoring Plan for the Performance Indicators ...... 134

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Map 1: Location Map of MP State Highways Project

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Map 2: Location Map of SH-41: Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora Project Road vii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction 1. Madhya Pradesh, with abundant mineral resources, and growing agricultural and industrial production, need a well developed road network to cater to the increasing intra-state and regional traffic. Also, since it is centrally located within the country, most of the long haul north-south and east-west bound road traffic passes through the state. Therefore, the existing inadequate and damaged road infrastructure needs to be improved on priority to sustain the economic and social progress of the state. The improved road network with good interlinking between national, state highways and major district roads will not only contribute in significantly developing rural economy and reducing poverty but also increase the road capacity to cater the high projected traffic, reduce travel time and also contribute for lesser vehicular pollution emission. 2. Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation (MPRDC), the executing agency (EA), is responsible to provide an integrated transport system in the state that is safe, efficient, affordable, accessible to all and environmentally sustainable. As per its mandate, MPRDC plans to improve various major district roads to at least two lanes carriage way level with funding support from Asian Development Bank (ADB). 3. To address this problem, Government of Madhya Pradesh (GOMP) has approached ADB for financial assistance for improving a total of 15 state roads covering a length of about 1081 kms under Madhya Pradesh State Highways III Project (MPSRSP III) programmed to be processed for implementation in 2010.The project also includes the institutional strengthening of the road sector under separate TA 7198(IND) which will enhance EA’s capacity for road asset development and management.

Description of Project 4. The proposed upgrading/rehabilitation of the State Highway-41: Agar-Barod-Alot- Jaora Sub-project, one of the 15 state highway subprojects, is divided into five sections. The Agar-Barod section covers 25.6 km, followed by Barod Junction- border which covers 8.03 km, Barod Junction- district border (14 km) in district and border-Alot section covers 13 km finally ending at Agar-Jaora section covering 48 kms. The subproject will upgrade the existing bad to very bad road condition into a paved 2-lane divided carriageway configuration with improved road geometry, proper and adequate embankment, rehabilitation of existing bridges, adequate cross drainage structures and side drains, improvement of junctions/intersections, underpasses, and way side amenities. This road design will be adequate to cater to the volume of traffic until 2030 which is predicted to increase from the current range of 2502- 4748 to 28942 vehicles (average annual daily traffic). The sub-project will be implemented in 18-24 months with an estimated cost of INR 1558 Million. 5. The sub-project was classified as Category-B as provided in the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) based on screening of likely impacts and sub-project location which does not pass through or located near any national park, wildlife sanctuary, or any other ecologically sensitive or protected areas. No archaeological/protected monument is located in the project vicinity. Under the

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EIA Notification, 2006 promulgated under Environment (Protection) Act 1986, the subproject is categorised as Category ‘B” and does not require prior environmental clearance from State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA)1. 6. IEE was conducted based on Detailed Project Report and sub-project details provided by the design team during the preparation of this report. The IEE covers all activities proposed under the project including various bridges and cross- drainage structures constructions. The core zone of impact is taken as 100 meters either side of the alignment. However, the study area impact zone is considered up to 7 km on both sides of road alignment to allow for a larger analysis of landuse and other environmental features.

Description of Environment 7. The Sub-Project road is mainly passing through the Shajapur and Ratlam district where the climate is characterized by hot summer and general dryness except during the south west monsoon season. The maximum temperature received during summer season is 39.9°C and 45°C while minimum during winter as 9.6°C and 3°C in Shajapur and Ratlam district respectively. The average wind speed is observed as 17 km/hr during summer season. The rainfall pattern of both the districts is almost same. The maximum rainfall recorded during last five years is 1634 mm in Ratlam district. 8. The ambient air quality levels conform to the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) with concentrations of SPM, RSPM, SO2 and NOx ranging from 62.8 to 190.5 µg/m3, 30.6 to 85.3 µg/m3, 4.3 to 12.7 µg/m3 and 4.3 to 12.1 µg/m3 respectively in the project area. The noise levels are also within the prescribed limits. 9. The road section passing through the falls under the Agar plateau, Kali Sindh Basin and the Shajapur Upland. The rest of the road section passes through Ratlam district where the physiology comprises of Plateau with the elevation ranging from about 1,650 to 2,000 feet (500 to 600 metres). Geologically the project area constitutes the extensive Deccan Trap Basalts (Upper Cretaceous to Lower Eocene in age), overlain by variable thickness of alluvium of recent origin. The dominant soil type is clay with good organic content 10. The land use along the project section is predominantly agricultural on either side of the project road. Built-up area constitutes about less than 10% and rest is occupied for plantation, water bodies, community property resources, and miscellaneous use. 11. The project road in the Ratlam district falls in Ganga and Chambal sub basin. The watershed areas of the Ratlam district are Upper-Chambal, Middle-Chambal Shipra. The project area is crossed by rivers like Chambal, Sipra, Kachhal, Choti Kalisindh and other small streams. The surface water sample taken from Shipra and Kalisindh has been found suitable for Irrigation- Class D and propagation of wild life and fisheries -Class-E. The ground water availability along the project

1 The EA has yet to formally approach MoEF for formal categorisation and grant of environmental clearance.

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road area is poor. However, the quality conforms to the prescribed standards for drinking water. 12. There are no wildlife-sanctuaries and national park near the project area. Since most part of the project corridor passes through open agricultural land, large number of roadside trees is not affected considering to the length of the project road. Trees along roadside are mainly non-fruit bearing in nature whereas privately owned orchards are mostly comprised of fruit bearing trees. The major species observed are Mango, teak, neem, jamun, palas, saja, seasam, mahua etc. During the survey langur and macaque were sighted in different locations. The existence of fauna like jackals, foxes, hare, and macaque was also reported. 13. Despite abundant water bodies in the project area, large scale/organized fishing was not observed along the project road due their seasonal behaviour. There is no breeding or spawning ground of these species in any of the water bodies in the project area since the water availability and flow velocity is quite low and unfavourable for breeding. No migratory fishes are found in these rivers. 14. The economy of Madhya Pradesh is based on agriculture, forest products, industries, mineral resources, and cottage industry sectors. The agriculture along the project section is dominated by Oilseed (Soyabeen in particular). The state is one of the largest producers of cement in the country. The major industries in the state are- cement, Pig Iron, Steel Ingots, News Prints and Sugar mills. The total number of households in the villages of the project road is 14263 with a total population of 82906. Out of these, about 85% is general. The SC/ST population accounts for about 15% of the total population. The project road passing through the Ratlam and Shajapur districts of Madhya Pradesh covering villages have total literacy rate of 61.40 %.The population of literate male (59.62%) is comparatively high than female literate (40.37%). Tribal population in the project area is low (2% in the project area).

Public Consultation and Information Disclosure 15. All pre-construction, construction, and operation activities that were likely to cause environmental impacts were identified, and evaluated to assess their magnitude, duration, and potential receptors in consultation with the stakeholders. Consultations were made with the government representatives (District Forest Office, State Pollution Control Board, Water Resources Department, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, and the District Rural Development Authority), local communities (Islamnagar and Alot), and NGOs ( Yuwa Paryavaran Shikshan and Samajik Sansthan, Ecosake Society for Environment Conservation and Social Awareness, Green Heart Nature Club, Forum for Environmental Protection, Energy Environment and Development Group, Centre for Envirocare and Energy Technology) between April to June 2010.

Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 16. The significant impacts during design and construction stage include the constricted sections of the roads which will be by-passed or require road alignment improvement to avoid and minimize resettlement and other sensitive

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structures and locations particularly in Islamnagar (Ch. 59.5), Alot (Ch. 44.5). Since the sub-project area is having mixed terrain, flood situation may get exacerbated due to inadequate cross drainage structures and raising of embankments without proper balancing culverts. An estimated 144 trees will be removed along the ROW to allow for road expansion but will be compensated at a rate of 1:10 plantations. Short-term deterioration of air quality may take place due to increase in fugitive dust emissions and noise level from earthmoving, ground shaping, unpaved transport, and emissions from heavy equipment and other mobile sources. Water sprinkling to control dust, use of clean fuels, changing the location and timing of construction activities and maintenance of equipments will minimize these impacts. Land use conversion particularly of residential areas and relocation of structures within the ROW will only be implemented following a meaningful consultation and acceptable compensation and relocation agreements. All borrow areas will comply with national laws and regulations. Impacts from the establishment and operation of the construction camps like generation and disposal of solid wastes, sewage, potable water requirements, health/hygiene, and safety is part of the contractor’s responsibility highlighting the need for compliance with applicable laws. Waste and material use minimization will be promoted to decrease the volume of wastes that will be generated. Traffic safety to workers and pedestrian, particularly to children is considered through the strict implementation of a Traffic Control Plan to be prepared by the contractor prior to construction activities and in consultation with the affected communities. 17. During operation stage, the main impacts are on the surface water hydrology since the construction of a road crosses several river/rivulets in the flood-affected sections which can act as impediment to natural flow of water. Other issues relate to increase in mobile emissions, road safety to motorist, pedestrian and animals. To minimize the impact on the local hydrology, adequate cross drains and their proper maintenance will be implemented. Information and education campaign through the use of signs and posters distributed along the roadside encouraging motorist to properly maintain their vehicles, and proper driving habits to reduce emissions, reduce fuel consumption, and promote safety will be made. Finally, traffic control measures will be implemented to ensure safety to pedestrian.

Conclusion 18. In general, the sub-project received immense support from local people with some concerns and apprehensions related to compensation for land and safety on roads. The local people appreciated that besides providing an all weather efficient connectivity to large population and improving the traffic scenario in the region, it will bear out several other positive economic and social benefits which outweigh the negative environmental impacts. 19. This initial environmental examination (IEE) ascertains that the sub-project is unlikely to cause any significant environmental impacts. Few impacts were identified attributable to the proposed sub-project, all of which are localized and temporary in nature and can be easily mitigated with minor to negligible residual impacts. No additional studies or need of undertaking detailed EIA is envisaged at this stage. 1

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Project Background/Rationale 20. Madhya Pradesh, with abundant mineral resources, and growing agricultural and industrial production, need a well developed road network to cater to the increasing intra-state and regional traffic. Also, since it is centrally located within the country, most of the long haul north-south and east-west bound road traffic passes through the state. Therefore, the existing inadequate and damaged road infrastructure needs to be improved on priority to sustain the economic and social progress of the state. The improved road network with good interlinking between national, state highways and major district roads will not only contribute in significantly developing rural economy and reducing poverty but also increase the road capacity to cater the high projected traffic, reduce travel time and also contribute for lesser vehicular pollution emission. 21. Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation (MPRDC), the executing agency (EA), is responsible to provide an integrated transport system in the state that is safe, efficient, affordable, accessible to all and environmentally sustainable. As per its mandate, MPRDC plans to improve various major district roads to at least two lanes carriage way level with funding support from Asian Development Bank (ADB). 22. Government of Madhya Pradesh (GOMP) has approached ADB for financial assistance for improving a total of 15 state roads covering a length of about 1081 kms under Madhya Pradesh State Highways III Project (MPSRSP III) programmed to be processed for implementation in 2010. The road sections details under MPSRSP III are given in Table 1.1

Table 1.1 : Road Sections under MP State Highways III Project

S. Road SH Length Districts Name of Roads No. No. No. (KM) I. BHOPAL PACKAGE 1 1 Bhind-Ater-Porsa SH-2 60.85 Bhind –Morena Mihona-Lahar-Daboh-Bhander- 2 2 SH-45 85.70 Bhind-Datia Chirgaon Shivpuri - Pichhore-Chanderi-Mungawali-Onder- 3 3 SH-19 146.50 Ashoknagar- Kurwai Vidisha 4 7 Manawar-Mangod SH-38 49.63 5 9 Sardarpur-Rajgarh-Bagh SH-35 50.43 Dhar Shajapur- 6 10 Agar-Barod-Alot-Jawara SH-41 108.70 Ratlam-- Pachor-Chapikheda-Jirapur-Machalpur- Rajgarh- 7 11 SH-51 86.70 Soyat Shajapur 8 13 Badi-Baktar-Dobi-Shahganj-Budhni SH-15 58.78 Raisen- 9 14 Silwani-Udaipura Road SH-44 28.58 Raisen Total (Bhopal Pkg) 675.87

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S. Road SH Length Districts Name of Roads No. No. No. (KM) II. PACKAGE 10 16 Rahatgarh-Khurai-Khimlasa SH-42 47.48 Sagar Damoh-Hata-Gasiabad i/c Hata Town 11 18 SH-47 62.66 Damoh Portion Hata-Patera-Kumhari & Raipura- Damoh-Panna- 12 19 SH-48 91.28 Salaiya-Bahuribandh-Sihora Katni-Jabalpur 13 20A -Gorsari-Badera SH-13 46.50 -Katni Sundara-Singhpur-Kothi-- Panna-Satna- 14 21 SH-52 85.29 - Rewa 15 22 - SH-55 71.29 Sidhi- Total (Jabalpur Pkg) 404.49 Grand Total (Bhopal Pkg + Jabalpur 1,080.36 Pkg) Source: MPRDC

1.2. Project Preparatory Technical Assistance (PPTA) and Environmental Assessment 23. ADB has fielded TA: 7198 IND to assist MPSRDC Road Construction Department (RCD) in project preparation for possible financing of MPSRSP III. As a part of this TA and safeguard requirement of ADB, environmental assessment has been carried out in accordance with relevant country’s applicable laws, regulations and in consistent to ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines, 2003 and Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009. Each sub-project was scrutinized as to its type, location, scale, and sensitivity and the magnitude of its potential environmental impacts. 24. The present report pertains to Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora (SH-41) sub- project. This sub project is categorized as Category ‘B’ and hence an initial environmental examination (IEE) has been undertaken. 1.3. Purpose of the Study 25. This IEE report documents the environmental assessment of the Agar- Barod-Alot-Jaora Road Subproject and identifies the environmental issues to be considered at project planning and design stage. The IEE addresses the environmental management requirements of (i) the (GOI); (ii) the donor, Asian Development Bank (ADB), and (iii) the Project. In general, an IEE addresses the following:

o Provides information about the baseline environmental setting of the subproject; o Provides information on potential environmental impacts of the proposed subproject activities with its magnitude, distribution and duration o Provides information on required mitigation measures with cost to minimize the impacts 3

o Analyses the alternatives options considering alternative locations, designs, management approaches, for selection of most feasible and environmental acceptable options. o Provides details of stack holders consultation o Suggest environmental management and monitoring plan with institutional measures for effective implementation of mitigative measures proposed. 1.4. Extent of IEE 26. IEE was conducted based on Detailed Project Report (DPR) provided by the design team during the preparation of this report. Certain changes may occur in the sub-project structural components but these changes are unlikely to cause significant environmental impacts. The IEE covers all activities proposed under the project including various bridges and cross-drainage structures constructions. The core zone of impact is taken as 100 meters either side of the alignment. However, the study area is considered up to 7 km on either side of road alignment for larger analysis of landuse and other environmental features. Assessment is carried out for all components of environment covering terrestrial and aquatic ecology, soil, water, noise and socio economic aspects. 1.5. IEE Content 27. The IEE has been largely structured as per SPS, 2009 and ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines (2003). This includes following eight chapters including this introduction Chapter. • Chapter 1- Introduction • Chapter 2- Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework • Chapter 3- Description of Project • Chapter 4- Description of Environment • Chapter 5- Anticipated Impacts and Mitigation Measures • Chapter 6- Information Disclosure, Consultation, and Participation • Chapter 7- Environment Management Plan and Grievance Redress Mechanism • Chapter 8- Conclusion and Recommendation 1.6. Team Composition and Acknowledgements 28. The environmental assessment has been carried out by the team of the environmental Experts of EQMS India Pvt. Ltd. The environmental team acknowledges the support extended by the executing agency, design consultant, and state departments/agency of forest, water resources, and pollution control Board etc. 1.7. Methodology 29. Suitable methodology was adopted to accomplish the study. As the first step, project-scoping exercise was undertaken identifying the parameters needed to be considered for the study and to outline the activities for collecting data on each parameter. Data pertaining to all facets of environment viz. physical, ecological and socio-economic environment

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both through primary and secondary sources were collected. The stepwise activities includes: • Review of legal requirements • Review of feasibility study • Reconnaissance survey for identification of key issues data requirement and preliminary consultation. • Primary and Secondary data Collection • Consultation with stakeholders • Identification of Impacts and Mitigation measures • Institutional Review and finalization of EMP in consultation with EA. 1.7.1. Information/ data Sources Key relevant information sources has been summarised in Table 1.2.

Table 1.2 : Primary and Secondary Information Sources

Environmental Parameters Information Sources Project objectives, Technical Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation information on existing road (MPRDC) and Design Consultant features and proposed rehabilitation work Inventory of road features like Ground Physical surveys and Strip Plans by water Bodies, Community Design Consultant structures, environmentally sensitive locations areas, congested locations etc. Climatic Condition India meteorological Department, DPR, primary data collection Geology, Seismicity, Soil and Central Ground Water Authority, State of Topography Environment report published by SPCB, Government websites and primary data collection Land Use/ Land Cover Survey of India (SoI) Toposheet, Observation during survey and Satellite Imagery Drainage Pattern Survey of India Toposheet, water resources, field observation and local people, GIS Based land use analysis Status of forest areas. Compensatory afforestation Divisional Forest Office, Ratlam and Shajapur norms etc. Status of Fishing Activity District Fisheries offices and Local Fishermen Air quality Noise, Soil and Water Onsite monitoring and analysis of field samples Borrow Areas, Quarries and other Design consultant and public consultation during construction material source field visit River geo-morphology, hydrology, Water resources department, DPR and drainage, flood patterns, information from local people, field observations Socio-economic Environment Different Govt. agencies/civic bodies, Official websites maintained by state Govt., census of India 2001 and Public Consultation during the Field survey, through figures collected from Directorate of Statistics. 5

1.7.2. Public Consultation 30. Extensive consultations were held with all stakeholders’ viz. local and beneficiary population, govt. departments/agencies, fishermen, road users and NGOs with intent to collect baseline information, for better understanding of the potential impacts and appreciate the perspectives/concerns of the stakeholders. Information thus gathered was used to integrate it in project design and formulating mitigation measures and environmental management plan.

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2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 2.1. Country’s Legal Framework and Regulatory Requirements for the Project 31. The legal framework of the country consists of several acts, notifications, rules and regulations to protect environment and wildlife. The Indian legal system has been critically reviewed to identify its applicability to the project. A list of all required clearances/ permissions related to environment has been summarised in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1 : Permissions/Clearances Required for the Sub-Project2

Concerned S.No. Clearances Acts/Rules/Notifications/Guidelines Responsibility Agency A. Pre-construction Stage Environmental EIA Notification, 2006 amended till State Not applicable Clearance3 date, promulgated under Environment Environmental for this (Protection) Act 1986 Impact particular road (not required Assessment stretch as it is 1 for this Sub- Authority an expansion Project) (SEIAA)4. of existing road and no new by- passes are to be constructed Permission for Forest Conservation Act (1980) District Level felling of trees Procedural Guidelines developed by Committee the Department of Environment GoMP, constituted by 2 MPRDC under the orders of the Hon’ble High the State Court; Tree removal will be guided as Govt. per state government rules. B. Implementation Stage

2 Since this project is not passing through any protected areas or ground water authority notified areas, therefore the following list of laws will not be applicable to this project. a. Central Ground Water Authority b. Wildlife (Protection) Act 2002 and rules thereof c. The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remain Act 1958/Rules 1959

3 This Particular clearance is applicable to all new road projects as mentioned underneath. However for this road stretch as it is expansion of existing road and no bypasses are being constructed so this clearance is not applicable. The Notification and its latest amendment entails requirement of prior environmental clearance to the following road projects. Category A -i) New National High ways; and ii) Expansion of National High ways greater than 30 km, involving additional right of way greater than 20m involving land acquisition and passing through more than one State. Category B-ii) All State High ways; and ii) Expansion projects in hilly terrain (above 100 m mean seal level (msl) and or ecologically sensitive areas)

Note: A general condition applies to both of the above category: “Any project or activity specified in Category ‘B’ will be treated as Category A, if located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of: (i) Protected Areas notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) Critically Polluted areas as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time, (iii) Notified Eco-sensitive areas, (iv) inter-State boundaries and international boundaries”. 4 The SEIAA has varying opinion about its applicability. EA propose to take official confirmation about applicability of this notification. EA will obtain the environmental clearance in case SEIAA directs about the same. 7

Concerned S.No. Clearances Acts/Rules/Notifications/Guidelines Responsibility Agency River Board Authorities/ Permission for Mines and Minerals (Regulation and Department of 3 Sand Mining Development) Act, 1957 as amended Contractor Mining Govt. from river bed in 1972 of Madhya Pradesh Consent to Madhya operate Hot mix Air (Prevention and Control of Pradesh 4 Contractor plant, Crushers, Pollution) Act 1981 Pollution Batching Plant Control Board Authorization Madhya for Disposal of Hazardous Waste (Management and Pradesh 5 Contractor Hazardous Handling) Rules 1989 Pollution Waste Control Board Consent for Madhya Disposal of Water (Prevention and Control of Pradesh 6 Contractor Sewage from Pollution) Act 1974 Pollution Labour camps Control Board Use of Fly ash within 100 kms Fly Ash Notification, 1999 as amended 7 MoEF Contractor around Thermal up to 17th August 2003: Power plants. Department of Pollution Under Transport, 8 Control Central Motor and Vehicle Act 1988 Govt. of Contractor Certificate Madhya Pradesh The Building and Other Construction Employing District Labour 9 Workers (Regulation of Employment Contractor Labour/workers Commissioner and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996,

2.2. Environmental Clearance Process 32. The environmental clearance is not applicable for this sub-project since expansion is confined along the existing road corridor with no new bypass. However, the procedure for obtaining environmental clearance has been depicted as Figure 2.1 for reference purposes only.

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Figure 2.1 : Environmental Clearance Procedure in India

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2.3. Administrative Structure and the Interactive framework 33. The Government through specific legislations regulates the environmental management system in India. The MoEF and the pollution control boards (CPCB i.e. Central Pollution Control Board and SPCBs i.e. State Pollution Control Boards) together form the regulatory and administrative core of the part. Other Ministries/Statutory Bodies/departments responsible for ensuring environmental compliance and granting various clearances includes State ministry /Dept. of environment, regional offices of MoEF and state forests/wildlife departments. Their key roles and responsibilities and interface among them have been concisely depicted through the flow diagram in Figure 2.2.

Figure 2.2 : Legislative Interface among various regulatory bodies

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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 3.1. Project Location 34. The sub project road section Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora (SH-41) measuring 108.7 km in length and located in Shajapur and Ratlam districts of Madhya Pradesh State. The topography of the region is mixed type. It has mostly plain terrain with some section of rolling terrain. The land use is predominantly agricultural Most of the project road is covered by vegetation. The Location map of project road is given as Figure 3.1. The project road holds strategic importance as both districts shares interstate boundary with Rajasthan State near Barod and Alot Town. The project road also provides a vital connectivity with the other state highways like SH-27 and SH-31.(Refer Figure 3.2 for schematic view))

Figure 3.1 : Location Map of SH-41 11

Figure 3.2 : Connectivity to the project Road 3.2. Characteristics of the Existing road

35. Right of Way and carriage way width: The existing carriageway is a single or intermediate-lane road having flexible pavement, with widths varying between 3.0 m to 7.0 m along the entire length of project road. The existing road has earthen shoulder of about 1.0 m to 1.5 m on either sides of the project road. ROW available for the entire project road is around 7.5 – 10 m on either side from road centre line except in built up areas where it is noted as low as total 5.5m. Chainage wise carriageway widths are provided in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1 : Carriageway Details Chainage Carriageway Remarks Shoulder Shoulder Start End Width Type Width Agar – Barod (up to Rajasthan Border) 0/000 0/100 4.20 BT ES 0.25 0/100 1/000 3.50 BT ES 0.50 1/000 33/700 3.75 BT ES 1.20 Barod – Alot (Ratlam District Boundary) 0/000 8/500 3.00 BT HS 1.10 8/500 9/000 7.00 BT HS 1.00

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Chainage Carriageway Remarks Shoulder Shoulder Start End Width Type Width 9/000 14/000 3.00 BT HS 1.00 Jawara – Alot 0/000 31/400 5.50 BT HS 1.00 31/400 36/700 7.00 BT HS 1.10 36/700 41/000 3.00 BT HS 1.10 41/000 42/000 3.50 BT HS 1.15 42/000 43/000 4.50 BT HS 1.10 43/000 44/000 5.00 BT HS 1.10 44/000 47/000 6.80 BT HS 1.10 47/000 48/000 3.00 BT HS 1.00 Alot – Barod (Ratlam District Boundary) 0/000 7/000 3.00 BT ES 1.10 7/000 7/200 6.50 BT - - 7/200 13/000 3.00 BT HS 1.00 Source: DPR 36. Pavement and carriage way conditions: The pavement condition along the entire length of the road can generally be rated as moderate to fair to moderate. Riding quality is moderate. Mostly cracking exists throughout the road except in few stretches where pavement quality is good. Based on above observations, reconstruction of pavement right from base/sub base layer is recommended where existing pavement found in poor condition. Accordingly stretches identified for major improvement are listed below in Table 3.2

Table 3.2 : Road Stretches for Reconstruction S. No. Chainage From To Agar – Barod Section 1 0/700 25/400 2 25/630 33/700 Barod – Alot Section 3 13/000 0/000 Alot – Jawara Section 4 44/000 31/300 5 31/000 28/450 6 26/460 19/000 7 19/000 15/000 Source: DPR 37. Alignment and Geometrics: There are many horizontal curves comprising very sharp turns which need to be improved to State highway standards. An average travel speed of 40 km/hr could be maintained due to sub standards geometry. There is no coherence between horizontal alignment and vertical profile. Set back distances are almost non- existent at curve locations; especially at sharp curves the provision is worse. 38. Cross Drainage (CD) Structures: The project road runs generally in line with ground profile or at low / medium embankment except at bridge 13

approaches. However Project road requires an efficient drainage network and stable embankment slopes. Due to water runoff during rainy season, extensive soil erosion is experienced at such places. There are five minor bridges, eleven causeways including CC roads and about fifty culverts along the project road. List of major and minor bridges along with survey chainages and conditions of existing structures are appended as” Inventory and Condition Survey for Bridges” in Appendix 3.1. 39. Terrain and Landuse: The project road alignment traverses through plain terrain throughout the length except in few stretches where rolling terrain is encountered. The abutting land along the project road is observed to be utilized mainly for agricultural purposes. At some locations habitation / built up area were encountered whereas in few section land is left barren. The road passes through four important towns Agar, Barod, Alot and Jaora. 40. Road Intersections: There are 2 major intersection and 52 minor intersections sighted on the road. Almost all of these intersections are poor in geometrics and junction developments. The chainage-wise details of these intersections are given in Table 3.3.

Table 3.3 : List of Major and Minor Intersections S. Chainag Major Link Type Width (m) Direction No. e (Km/m) / L/R/Cros Minor s Agar-Barod (Up to Rajasthan border) 1 0/000 Major Ujjain-Kota(SH-27) BT-BT 5.60-5.60 Start Point 2 0/100 Minor Colony City BT 4.20 Right 3 4 / 500 Minor Chota-Lala BT-BT 2.60-3.75 Cross 4 5 / 450 Minor Kolmadi CC 2.60 Right 5 7 /020 Minor Jaysingpura BT 3.75 Right 6 9 /550 Minor Chipiya - Jumli BT- ER 3.75 – 5.0 Cross 7 12 /000 Minor Bangli Kheda- ER-ER 2.60-2.60 Cross Guradiya 8 15 /500 Minor Garbada BT 3.75 Left 9 17 /200 Minor Mandkota BT 3.75 Left 10 17 /400 Minor Mandkota BT - Right 11 17/790 Minor Tanodiya BT 3.75 Left 12 20 /247 Minor Fulkheda-Khadvala ER-BT 2.60-3.75 Cross 13 22 /750 Minor Asnady BT 3.75 Left 14 24 /150 Minor Narela BT 3.75 Right 15 25 /650 Minor Barod BT 7.00 Right 16 25 /620 Minor Alot BT 3.75 Left 17 26 /249 Minor Jahangirpura- BT-BT 5.00 -5.00 Cross Gangapura 18 30 /250 Minor Kankdel BT 3.75 Right 19 33 /000 Minor Mahudia BT 3.75 Right Barod-Towards Alot (Ratlam Border District) 20 1/300 Minor Hanuman temple CC 3.00 Right 21 5 /780 Minor Lodghakhedi Gravel 2.6 Left 22 6 /100 Minor Barkheda ER 7.00 Right 23 7 /200 Minor Lotiakisan GRAVEL 2.00 Right

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S. Chainag Major Link Type Width (m) Direction No. e (Km/m) / L/R/Cros Minor s Alot-Towards Barod (Ratlam Border District) 24 8/300 Minor Bhim BT 2.60 Left 25 5 /900 Minor Bhoja Khedi – BT- ER 3.75 – Cross Village Road 5.13 26 0/200 Minor Khajuri Solanki BT 3.75 Right Jawara-Alot 27 0 /000 Major Husain Takeri-Jaora BT 7.0 -7.0 End point 28 1 /800 Minor Bamankhedi BT 3.75 Right 29 5 /250 Minor Makanpura Metal 2.50 Right 30 6 /950 Minor Nayanagar ER 2.5 Right 31 8 /580 Minor Lusudiya Jangli BT 3.75 Left 32 10 /380 Minor Pirhingolia BT 3.75 Right 33 11 /500 Minor Badiyagoyal BT 3.75 Left 34 15 /000 Minor Rajpipaliya BT 3.75 Right 35 15 /100 Minor Uni BT 3.80 Right 36 16 /100 Minor Arjala BT 3.75 Left 37 18 /800 Minor Village ER 2.60 Left 38 21 /320 Minor Mundlakala ER 2.60 Left 39 26 /200 Minor Village ER 2.60 Left 40 26 /650 Minor Bhesana BT 3.75 Right 41 27 /620 Minor Madnupur BT 2.6 Left 42 27 /750 Minor Tal Colony BT 3.00 Right 43 27 /800 Minor Tal Colony BT 3.00 Left 44 27 /980 Minor Village Road BT 3.00 Left 45 28 /030 Minor Nagrun BT 3.75 Right 46 31 /200 Minor BT 7.00 Left 47 31 /400 Minor Saonliya BT 3.78 Right 48 34 /020 Minor Manunia BT 3.75 Right 49 36 /700 Minor Bagunia-Kachaliya BT-BT 3.75 -3.75 Staggered 50 39 /010 Minor Gulbalod-Jangalia BT-BT 3.75 -3.75 Cross 51 40 /750 Minor Knaspura ER 3.75 Left 52 41 /600 Minor Dudhiya BT 3.75 Left 53 44 /890 Minor ALot - 3.00 Left 54 45 /700 Minor Nageshwar -A Lot BT 3.75 -8.90 Left Note: BT – Black Top, CC-Cement Concrete, WBM – Water Bound Macadam ER – Earthen Road 3.3. Category of the Project

41. The sub-project has been evaluated using the Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) checklist issued by ADB (Appendix-3.2) for Roads and Highways of the ADB‘s Environmental Assessment Guidelines 2003. The subproject road passes mainly through plain terrain with some undulations. The topography of the region is mixed type with combination of horizontal and vertical curves. The project section neither passes through nor is located near any Wildlife Sanctuary, National Park, or any other environmentally sensitive or ecologically or archeologically protected areas. The environmental impacts envisaged are minimal and majority are co-terminus with the construction phase. Hence, the project has been classified as Category “B” in accordance with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009. 15

3.4. Need for the Sub-Project

42. The main aim of developing this State highway is to provide connectivity to the selected townships with other major social and commercial centres within the districts as well in the other parts of the state. Agar-Barod-Alot- Jaora road section serves as a link connecting Shajapur and Ratlam Districts. The improvement of roads infrastructure in the region will enhance the tourism potential as well as will lead to increased socio- economic activities in both the districts. With socio-economic development of the districts and the state, the traffic is bound to increase. The sub project road will benefit more than 1.2 million populations (mainly rural) by providing improved transport and communication facilities which will contribute in accelerating the local economy. 43. The sub project road also provides a vital connectivity with the other state highways like SH-27 and SH-31. The traffic intensity at this sub project road is increasing, necessitating augmentation of capacity for safe and efficient movement. The road condition is poor which reduces the average traffic speed and also results in higher fuel consumption and vehicular pollution. Therefore, improvement of this subproject road is proposed to provide safe movement of increasing traffic at higher travel speeds with reduced travel time, accidents, overloading, and vehicle emissions. 3.5. Existing and Projected Traffic 44. Existing Traffic Volume: 45. Average Daily Traffic (ADT) of project road is studies at various locations and is presented in the Table 3.4. The ADT for SH-41 road Agar – Barod – Alot – Jaora varies from 2502 in terms of number of vehicles to 4748 number of vehicles and in terms of PCU it varies from 2565 to 4524. Highest traffic volume has been recorded near the CVC Location at Km 44/000 near Alot Village. Lowest traffic volume has been recorded near the CVC Location at km 21/400 near Mudrakala Village.

Table 3.4 : ADT of Project Road S. Location Total Vehicles Total (PCUs) No. 1 Agar town (Km 2/000) 4646 4049 2 Barod Village (Km 2/200) 3387 2565 3 Alot town (Km 44/000) 4748 4524 4 Near Mudrakala (21/400) 2502 4207 Source: DPR 46. Projected Traffic: The maximum traffic is expected to vary from 28942 ADT (21457 PCU) at Agar to 28616 ADT at Alot (22224 PCU) and 15555 ADT near Mudrakala (19159 PCU) by the year 2030. The above projection is based on the growth rates of 9.4% for Cars, 6.6 % for Buses, 5.8% for Goods Vehicles, 10.6% for 2-wheeler and 7.5% for Tractors which was derived through “IRC-108, Econometric Model”) The summary of projected traffic for the year 2009 to 2030 is given at Table 3.5.

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Table 3.5 : Summary of Projected Traffic for the Project Road Project Road Year Year Year Year Year From To 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Near Agar Village(2/200) Agar Alot 5911 8820 13191 19635 28942 (5254) (7499) (10709) (15221) (21457) Near Alot Village (44/000) Alot Nagda 6043 8934 13242 19552 28616 Junction (5882) (8228) (11512) (16048) (22224) Near Mudrakala Village (21/400) Nagda Jawra 3384 5041 7430 10821 15555 Junction (5735) (7918) (10778) (14467) (19159) Source: DPR Note: Values in bracket indicate PCUs/day 47. The capacity of different carriageways is 6000, 15000 and 18000 PCUs per day for intermediate lane, 2 lane with earthen shoulders and 2 lane with Paved shoulders respectively. Analysing the capacity of Design Service Volume of Carriage ways and the projected traffic, the sub project road requires two lanes with earthen shoulder by 2011-2012 and two lane with paved shoulder by 2024-2026. 3.6. Key Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Activities 48. The sub project road rehabilitation involves activities like widening, realignment, intersections improvement, correction in road geometry and raising the embankment height in at certain stretches of the road to meet the design norms defined for state highways under IRC codes. The brief of all key project activities are described below: 3.6.1. Realignment and Curvature Improvement: 49. To avoid resettlement / rehabilitation and land acquisition issues existing alignment is followed with substandard geometry. There are many sharp curves in the existing road which need to be improved to develop a high- speed highway. In plain or rolling terrain, a minimum curve radius of 230 m is considered to achieve design speed. Absolute minimum radius of 150 m is used at location with space constraints (e.g. urban areas, structure approach & Forest Areas). These locations are tabulated in Appendix 3.3. 3.6.2. Proposed Cross Section Details 50. Lane Width and Earthen Shoulder : In order to meet future traffic requirement the existing carriageway is proposed to be upgraded to Two Lane with Earthen Shoulder to achieve high speed of travel with comfort and safety. 7m wide carriageway is proposed with basic traffic lane width of 3.50m. . Earthen shoulders of 2.50 m wide is proposed on either side of the proposed main carriageway for rural plain and rolling terrains. 51. Footpath: The minimum width of footpath in urban stretches is proposed to be 1.00 m. The side drain in such stretches may be accommodated under the footpath. 17

52. Utility Corridor: Minimum width of utility corridor for rural sections will be 2.0m and for urban/ built-up sections will be 1.00 m. 53. Side Slopes: The side slopes are proposed based on embankment height and is as follows: Embankment height up to 3.0 m - 2H: 1V Embankment height from 3.0 m to 6.0 m - 1.5H: 1V Embankment height exceeding 6.0 m - To be designed based on soil parameters. Cut slopes will be Soil - 1H: 1V 54. Cross fall : Carriageway will have crossfall of 3.0%. For earthen shoulders crossfall value will be 4.0%. Figure 3.3 shows the typical cross section to be followed on the project stretch.

Figure 3.3 : Typical Cross section of the project Road 3.6.3. Pavement Design and Widening : 55. Existing road will be widened to improve the capacity as well as horizontal geometrics. A combination of overlay and new construction will be followed for proposed improvements. At a number of places, the vertical profile will be changed to improve the vertical geometrics. This will require reconstruction after partial or full removal of the existing pavement, depending upon subgrade condition. In urban areas cement concrete pavement along with side drain is proposed. 56. Concentric widening scheme is followed to minimise land acquisition issues and to ensure maximum utilisation of existing carriageway. The improvement is proposed to the existing pavement to meet the design requirement of 2.5 m. In specific stretches where the pavement is damaged / deteriorated special treatments, are proposed. The improvement proposal includes overlay of BC=30mm, DBM=55mm, or raising and reconstruction with WMM, or raising and reconstruction with GSB. The details of existing carriage way and widening proposal is given at Table 3.6

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Table 3.6 : Details of Existing Carriage Way with Widening Proposal S. Existing Proposed Chainage Length Existing Proposed No. Chainage (km) (km) Carriageway Carriageway From To From To Agar-Barod Road 1 0.700 1.050 0.700 1.050 0.350 3.500 7.000+ES 2 1.120 2.000 1.002 2.003 1.001 3.500 7.000+ES 3 2.000 3.000 2.003 3.003 1.000 3.700 7.000+ES 4 3.000 5.753 3.003 5.820 2.817 3.500 7.000+ES 5 5.803 7.705 5.870 7.790 1.920 3.500 7.000+ES 6 7.977 8.000 7.980 8.003 0.023 4.500 7.000+ES 7 8.000 21.000 8.003 21.089 13.086 3.500 7.000+ES 8 21.000 23.000 21.089 23.089 2.000 3.750 7.000+ES 9 23.000 25.400 23.089 25.496 2.407 3.600 7.000+ES Barod-Rajasthan Border 1 25.630 26.500 0.000 0.375 0.375 3.600 7.000+ES 2 26.000 30.126 0.375 4.450 4.075 3.750 7.000+ES 3 30.251 33.700 4.550 8.014 3.464 3.750 7.000+ES Barod-Alot Road 1 1.425 1.665 27.160 27.400 0.240 3.200 7.000+ES 2 1.765 7.050 27.500 32.840 5.340 3.200 7.000+ES 3 7.170 8.000 32.960 33.834 0.874 3.200 7.000+ES 4 8.000 8.200 33.834 34.050 0.216 2.800 7.000+ES 5 8.200 8.300 34.050 34.150 0.100 4.400 7.000+ES 6 8.380 8.400 34.240 34.260 0.020 4.400 7.000+ES 7 8.400 8.590 34.260 34.450 0.190 6.000 7.000+ES 8 8.800 9.000 34.700 34.900 0.200 6.000 7.000+ES 9 9.000 10.852 34.900 36.900 2.000 3.000 7.000+ES 10 10.921 12.514 36.970 38.520 1.550 3.000 7.000+ES 11 12.525 13.675 38.600 39.750 1.150 3.000 7.000+ES 12 13.868 11.907 39.850 41.270 1.420 3.000 7.000+ES 13 11.618 8.000 41.370 44.805 3.435 3.000 7.000+ES 14 8.055 8.465 44.860 45.270 0.410 3.000 7.000+ES 15 7.526 7.200 45.350 45.676 0.326 3.000 7.000+ES 16 7.200 7.116 45.676 45.760 0.084 6.500 7.000+ES 17 7.070 7.000 45.820 45.890 0.070 6.500 7.000+ES 18 7.000 6.390 45.890 46.500 0.610 3.000 7.000+ES 19 6.322 5.500 46.570 47.390 0.820 3.000 7.000+ES 20 5.500 4.100 47.390 48.778 1.388 2.500 7.000+ES 21 4.100 0.144 48.778 52.730 3.952 3.000 7.000+ES 22 0.094 0.000 52.780 52.874 0.094 3.000 7.000+ES Alot to Jawara 1 48.000 47.874 52.874 53.000 0.126 3.000 5.500 2 47.874 47.239 53.000 53.635 0.635 3.000 3.500 3 47.239 44.000 53.635 56.506 2.871 6.800 7.000+ES 4 44.000 43.716 56.506 56.790 0.284 5.000 7.000+ES 5 43.651 43.000 56.860 57.511 0.651 5.000 7.000+ES 6 43.000 42.000 57.511 58.517 1.006 4.500 7.000+ES 7 42.000 41.000 58.517 59.529 1.012 3.500 7.000+ES 8 41.000 40.035 59.529 60.500 0.971 3.000 7.000+ES 9 40.000 37.000 60.535 63.571 3.036 3.000 7.000+ES 10 37.000 36.700 63.571 63.825 0.254 5.500 7.000+ES 11 31.400 31.300 69.191 69.321 0.130 5.500 7.000+ES 19

S. Existing Proposed Chainage Length Existing Proposed No. Chainage (km) (km) Carriageway Carriageway From To From To 12 31.000 28.450 69.621 71.950 2.329 5.500 7.000+ES 13 26.460 25.300 74.200 75.360 1.160 5.500 7.000+ES 14 25.300 24.270 75.360 76.400 1.040 5.300 7.000+ES 15 23.687 23.554 76.830 77.000 0.170 5.300 7.000+ES 16 23.434 22.000 77.120 78.560 1.440 5.300 7.000+ES 17 22.000 19.536 78.560 81.040 2.480 5.500 7.000+ES 18 19.452 19.000 81.130 81.582 0.452 5.500 7.000+ES 19 18.891 15.786 81.700 84.820 3.120 5.500 7.000+ES 20 15.718 15.198 84.900 85.420 0.520 5.500 7.000+ES 21 15.138 12.276 85.480 88.350 2.870 5.500 7.000+ES 22 12.205 9.105 88.430 91.550 3.120 5.500 7.000+ES 23 9.000 7.671 91.655 92.990 1.335 5.500 7.000+ES 24 7.593 7.513 93.070 93.150 0.080 5.500 7.000+ES 25 7.463 0.000 93.200 100.713 7.513 5.500 7.000+ES Source: DPR 3.6.4. Improvement Proposal for Intersection 57. Improvement scheme in respect of each junction has been finalised. Wherever, the realignment has been proposed, usefulness of the abandoned road has been examined and if found, still useable by local commuters, new junctions at both extremes have been proposed. 3.6.5. Design of Road Side Drains 58. For a sound drainage system open lined drain and chute drains in RCC on hill side in mountainous terrain and slopes of high embankment respectively and as rapids on high cut sections is followed. The construction of an underground drain 1 m x 1 m lined with RCC-20 cm thick and covered with RCC slab 10 cm in thickness is proposed at urban and semi-urban stretches. Details about the drainage are given in Table 3.7

Table 3.7 : Cement Concrete Lined Drain Sr. Existing Chainage (km) Proposed Chainage (km) Length Remarks No. From To From To (mt.) Agar – Barod 1 0/000 0/700 0/000 0/700 70 Both Sides 2 25/400 25/630 25/496 25/722 226 Both Sides Barod – Alot 3 0/000 0/650 25/722 26/392 670 Both Sides Alot – Jawra 4 31/300 31/000 69/321 69/621 300 Both Sides 5 28/450 26/460 71/950 74/200 2250 Both Sides Source: DPR 3.6.6. Traffic Control and Safety Measures 59. In addition to adequate provisions for roadway width, geometric elements and junction improvement, the following provisions are proposed to enhance the safety of road users. Due consideration has been made for

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the provisions contained in IRC: SP 44-1994, “Highway Safety Code”. Also, various measures have been proposed to increase traffic control for the High-speed highway. 3.6.6.1 Crash Barrier 60. Safety barrier of rigid, flexible or semi-rigid type are proposed at following locations. In general W-beam crash barrier is proposed.

♦ Non-traversable road side embankments ♦ Where embankment height is 3m or more ♦ Where embankment is retained by a retaining structure ♦ On valley sides of highway in hill sections ♦ Miscellaneous hazardous locations (like proximity to water structures, non- collapsible sign supports, buildings etc.) ♦ Between main carriageway and footpath in bridges 61. The crash barrier locations are given in Table 3.8:

Table 3.8 : Crash Barrier Location Left side Chainage(m) Length (m) Right side Chainage(m) Length (m) From To From To 18/330 18/370 40 9/440 9/470 30 24/380 24/410 30 24/490 24/520 30 24/490 24/520 30 27/380 27/520 140 76/530 76/640 110 71/000 71/030 30 76/920 77/070 150 76/530 76/640 110 92/770 92/820 50 76/920 77/070 150 93/210 93/260 50 82/940 82/970 30 85/330 85/360 30 92/770 92/820 50 93/210 93/260 50 Source: DPR 3.6.6.2 Road Signs 62. Adequate road signs are proposed for the project road in order to provide advance information to regulate/control traffic flow and ensure safety of operations. All road signs are provided in accordance with IRC 67. 63. Appropriate road markings are provided with stop signs, give-way signs, traffic merging and diverging signs, lane closure signs, compulsory keep left/right signs or any other signs as per IRC-67. Advance cautionary signs are proposed for sharp curves along with chevron signs at the outer edge of the curves. In hilly areas, curve-ahead signs are accompanied with appropriate delineators. 64. The signs will be of retro reflective sheetings of high intensity grade with encapsulated lens and fixing details as per of MoRT&H Specifications for Road and Bridge Works, 2001(4th Revision, latest reprint) are proposed. 3.6.6.3 Pavement Markings 65. In project road, pavement markings are proposed as per IRC: 35-1997, “Code of Practice for Road Marking” with centre-line, edge line, continuity line, stop line, give way lines, diagonal/chevron markings and zebra 21

crossings. The pavement marking shall be of hot applied thermoplastic paint with glass beads as per the MORT&H specification for Road and Bridge Works, 2001(4th Revision, latest reprint). 3.6.6.4 Lighting 66. The project road is proposed with lighting systems in urban stretches/built up areas as shown in Table 3.9.

Table 3.9 : Lighting S. Existing Chainage (km) Proposed Chainage (km) Length No. From To From To (mt.) Agar – Barod 1 0/000 0/700 0/000 0/700 700 2 25/400 25/630 25/496 25/722 225 Barod – Alot 3 0/000 0/650 25/722 26/392 670 Alot – Jawra 4 31/300 31/000 69/321 69/621 300 5 28/450 26/460 71/950 74/200 2250 Source: DPR

3.6.7. User Facilities 3.6.7.1 Bus Stop 67. Bus stops are proposed at following locations. Existing bus stops are proposed to be retained. Appropriate maintenance measures shall be made to keep it in working conditions (Table 3.10)

Table 3.10 : Bus Stop Locations S. Existing Proposed Side Village Name No. Chainage(Km) Chainage(Km) 1 7/100 7/240 RHS Jesingpur 2 10/600 9/633 RHS Chipiya 3 12/000 12/145 RHS Guradiya 4 13/086 13/167 LHS Mudpura 5 16/450 15/482 LHS Garbada 6 17/500 17/405 LHS Mandkota 7 30/259 4/670 RHS Kakdal 8 30/727 5/049 RHS Village 9 6/000 31/830 LHS Barkheda 10 7/200 32/940 LHS Lotiakisan 11 10/617 36/664 LHS Bargadi 12 12/900 40/100 LHS Village 13 8/100 44/800 RHS Village 14 5/863 47/016 RHS Bhojakhedi 15 5/450 47/473 RHS Laxmipura 16 45/753 54/645 LHS A lot Town

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S. Existing Proposed Side Village Name No. Chainage(Km) Chainage(Km) 17 40/732 59/915 RHS Kaspura 18 39/000 61/485 LHS Gulabalod 19 36/750 63/932 RHS Bakudiya 20 33/940 66/617 RHS Bhutiya Village 21 23/200 78/400 LHS Ramsadh 22 16/200 84/333 LHS Arjala 23 8/550 92/035 LHS Lasudiya Jangli 24 6/950 93/755 LHS Naya nagar 25 5/860 94/830 RHS Village 26 5/200 95/552 RHS Village 27 4/180 96/550 LHS nagar 28 2/830 98/800 LHS Village Source: DPR 3.6.8. Slope Stabilisation and Protection Works 68. Erosion is proposed to be minimized largely by the use of flat side slopes, rounded and blended with natural terrain; serrated cut slopes; drainage channels designed with due regard to width, depth, slopes, alignment, and protective treatment; inlets located and spaced for erosion control prevention of erosion at culvert outlets; proper facilities for groundwater interception; dikes, berms, and other protective devices to trap sediment at strategic locations; and protective ground covers and planting. 69. High embankment will be site specifically designed considering the quality of the available material, prevalent moisture condition and associated pore water pressure, bearing capacity of the founding strata and the requirement of any preloading etc. Stone pitching is proposed at the locations mentioned in the Table 3.11 70. Other stabilisation measures as Concrete block pitching and Launching apron in CC blocks are proposed to be adopted on case to case basis after thorough study of the problematic sites.

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Table 3.11 : Stone Pitching S. Proposed Chainage Length Side No. From To (mt.) 1 9.440 9.470 30 Right 2 10.020 10.030 10 Right 3 10.060 10.070 10 Right 4 10.100 10.110 10 Right 5 18.260 18.270 10 Left 6 18.330 18.370 40 Left 7 24.380 24.410 30 Left 8 24.440 24.450 10 Both 9 24.450 24.460 10 Left 10 24.470 24.500 30 Right 11 27.140 27.150 10 Right 12 27.380 27.430 50 Right 13 31.800 31.810 10 Right 14 34.280 34.320 40 Both 15 34.320 34.390 70 Left 16 34.830 34.840 10 Left 17 36.010 36.020 10 Right 18 42.350 42.360 10 Right 19 42.710 42.720 10 Right 20 52.320 52.330 10 Right 21 56.560 56.570 10 Left 22 60.770 60.790 20 Left 23 61.100 61.110 10 Left 24 70.290 70.300 10 Left 25 71.000 71.020 20 Right 26 71.030 71.040 10 Left 27 76.520 76.530 10 Left 28 76.540 77.070 530 Both 29 82.940 82.960 20 Right 30 92.770 92.780 10 Right 31 92.790 92.800 10 Left 32 93.210 93.260 50 Both 33 93.260 93.270 10 Left Source: DPR 3.6.9. Improvement Proposal for Bridges and Drainage Structure 71. There is one major bridge, eight minor bridges, one existing causeway and sixty three culverts along the Project road. The project road crosses railway line at three locations at same grade level. The rehabilitation of the bridge includes the activities like change of damaged handrails, replacement of defective expansion joints, repairing of minor cracks, repairing of solid slab having signs of damage, cleaning by sand blasting of corroded steel reinforcement and additional reinforcement where necessary, strengthening and repairing with PMC of RCC solid slabs which show honeycombing, removal of existing wearing coat and replacement with new wearing coat of 50 mm thick bituminous concrete after laying 12 mm thick mastic asphalt, strengthening of approaches.

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72. Water way/ ventway will be cleaned if vegetation growth is impeding the main water channel. The channel will be dredged if excessive siltation has blocked the waterway. Spur, dykes will be provided to change the water course if it is found that due to the flow direction, excessive scouring is occurring near one of pier or abutment and it is in danger. 3.6.10. Improvement Proposal for Causeways 73. There is one causeway which is solid slab type. Almost all causeways get overtopped during monsoon. Hence Discharge passing through vent as well as overtopping part is considered for revised structure. Wherever possible additional pipes will be introduced by raising road level to economise cost. In typical cases wherever required box type structure is also proposed. 3.6.11. Improvement Proposal for Culverts 74. There are 63 culverts consisting of 48 pipe culverts and 15 slab culverts. The culverts are proposed to be widened for carriage way width of 12m. The improvement proposals include dismantling and recasting of head walls, bed replacement with proper designs. Many of the culverts have vegetation in the channels apart from some sand mounds causing vent way obstructions, which need clearing. Pipe diameter less than 0.9 m is to be replaced by 1.2 m diameter pipe. The culverts which are completely damaged or distressed are proposed for reconstruction. The culvert retained and repaired as mentioned above will be widen to match with formation width of road section. 3.6.12. Utilities and Services 75. Utilities and services are seen only in the vicinity of towns, villages and roadside. Electric and telephone lines run almost parallel to the existing road. These have to be relocated. 3.7. Material required and Sourcing 76. The various construction materials which will require for the project road construction and other activities are listed below. • Borrow Soil • Aggregate • Granular material • Sand • Cement • Bitumen • Steel • Water 3.7.1. Borrow soil 77. Borrow soil identified during survey revealed that it can be used for road embankment as well as for Sub-grade layer. The details of available source, location, average lead distance to the project road and approximate available quantity are given in Table 3.12. 25

Table 3.12 : List of Borrow Area S. Chainage Section Side Type of Approximate Approximate No. Material distance from Quantity project road in (Indicative (M) area) 1 6/000* Agar to Barod Right soil 50 100 m x100 m 2 7/000* Agar to Barod Right soil 60 100 m x100 m 3 8/000 Agar to Barod Right soil 50 100 m x100 m 4 22/000 Agar to Barod Left soil 50 100 m x100 m 5 30/200 Agar to Barod Right soil 60 150m x150 m 6 13/500* Barod – Alot Left soil 50 200m x 200 m 7 8/000 Barod – Alot Left soil 40 150m x 150 m 8 10/600 Alot-Jaora Right soil 50 100 m x100 m 9 6/000 Alot-Jaora Right soil 40 200 m x150 m Source: DPR 3.7.2. Aggregate 78. Aggregate stone is basic ingredient in road construction. Investigation of quarry area was carried out for DPR study to ascertain the potential source of aggregate for the construction of different pavement layers like Bituminous Concrete (BC), Dense Bituminous Macadam (DBM), Bituminous Macadam (BM), Wet Mix Macadam (WMM), Granular Sub- base, sand for cement concrete works and GSB. There are two quarries/crushers, one is at 10 km far from Agar and second is between Barod to Alot section. 3.7.3. Sand 79. Sand to be used in the concrete work during construction is available near the project road at the River Kachal at Madhkota which is about 10 km far from Barod and 16 km far from Agar. 3.7.4. Cement 80. There are so many factories of cement manufacturing in Madhya Pradesh. The cement can be procured from the open market. 3.7.5. Bitumen 81. Nearest source of bitumen is Mathura refinery, and Koyali Refinery, . Bitumen of VG-10 equivalent of 80-100 or VG-30 equivalent of 60-70 penetration grade from above mentioned Refinery, is proposed to be used for bituminous work. 3.7.6. Steel 82. There is numbers of steel rolling factories is situated in Madhya Pradesh, with various grade of steel. The steel is to be purchase from the open market. 3.7.7. Water 83. Ground water and surface water in the vicinity of the project road is proposed to use as a source of water for construction activities. The

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approximate quantity of water required for construction activities in the project is 500 KL/day. 3.8. Project Implementation Schedule and Cost 84. The Project is in the detailed design stage. The construction of widening of the road to 2-lane road, will be implemented in 18 to 24 months. The estimated cost of the project excluding R and R and EMP is estimated to be INR 1,55,82,09,743/-

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4. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 85. Baseline environmental conditions about all facets of environment viz. physical, biological and socio-economic have been established using both primary and secondary sources. Efforts have been made to collect the latest information both at regional as well as local level especially along the project corridor. This will help to predict likely changes in the environment due to the project and will serve as performance indicators for various components. 86. The project road is a section of SH-41 (Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora Road) measuring 108.70 km in length and located in Ratlam and Shajapur districts of Madhya Pradesh. A summary of the project district is given in Table 4.1.

Table 4.1 : Summary of Important Features of the Project Districts S. Parameters Ratlam Shajapur No. . Ratlam district lies . Shajapur District is part of towards the north- the Malwa Plateau. western part of Madhya Shajpur district lies in the Pradesh in the Malwa north-western part of region and occupies an Madhya Pradesh and area of 4861 sq km. occupies an area of . The district is bounded by 6,196 sq km. in the North, . The district is bounded by and Dhar on the to the west, South, Ujjain on the East, and Sehore to the and south, Rajgarh to the 1. General District of east, and Jhalawar Rajasthan on the West, District of Rajasthan to Shajapur of Madhya the north. Pradesh and Jhalawar of . The district extends Rajasthan on the North. between the latitude of 23 . The district extends 06’ and 77 19’ north, between the latitude of longitude of 75 41’ and 77 23° 05' to 23° 52' North, 02” east. 74° 31' to 75° 41' East. . It is located at an . It is located at an elevation of 453 m above elevation of 488 m above MSL the MSL.

. Temperature goes up to . Temperature goes up to 45 °C (max.) and min. 3 39.9 °C (max.) and min. °C 9.6 °C 2. Climate . It receives a normal . It receives a normal rainfall of 1010 mm of rainfall of 1047.9 mm of annually. annually. Ecologically

Sensitive Area Wild Life None None 3. Sanctuaries National Parks None None Tiger Reserves None None Elephant None None

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S. Parameters Ratlam Shajapur No. Reserves Reserve/ protected forest, Protected Salana (kharmore Bird Forests Sanctuary) Geomorphology • The Malwa Plateau Physio-cultural diversities in • The River Valleys the district have led to its sub- division into the following sub- micro regions:-

1.Major • Agar plateau Physiographic • Shajapur Forested Units 4. Upland • Kali Sindh Basin • Shajapur Upland

Shipra River, , Kali Sindh, Lakhundar Nevaj, 2. Major Kurel Nadi, Maleni Nadi, Mahi Parbati River Chambal and Drainage River, Rattagarhi Nadi.Rajhar Ganga basin. Nadi, Jamar Nadi. The soil is mixed red & black Black Cotton soil, lateritic soil, soil, older & younger alluvium mixed silt + clay 5. Major Soil Type alluvium, black cotton soil, laterite soil. Major crops grown in Ratlam Soyabean is the major include wheat, barley, gram economic crop of the district. 6. Principal Crops with some variety of fruits Wheat and Jawar is also including grapes. major crop of this district. Deccan Trap (Igneous Predominant Recent alluvium, laterite and effusive- Basalt and 7. Geological Deccan traps associated Lavas), alluvium Formations and Laterite. Alluvium, laterite, weathered Alluvium, laterite, weathered vesicular and fractured vesicular and fractured 8. Hydrogeology basalts. basalts.

Source: District/Govt. Websites

4.2. Physical Environment 4.2.1. Meteorology and Climate 87. Madhya Pradesh has a subtropical climate characterized by hot summer season and dryness except southwest monsoon season. Like most of north India it has a hot dry summer (April-June) followed by monsoon rains (July-September) and a cool and relatively dry winter (December- February). The maximum temperature during summer season ranges from 33 to 44 ºC and 10 to 27 ºC during winter season. The average rainfall is about 1,370 mm which decreases from east to west. The south- eastern districts have the heaviest rainfall, some places receiving as 29

much as 2,150 mm, while the western and north-western districts receive 1,000 mm or less.

Figure 4.1 : Isohyetal map of Madhya Pradesh 88. Climate: The Sub-Project road is mainly passing through the Shajapur and Ratlam district where the climate is characterized by hot summer and general dryness except during the south west monsoon season. The cold season, December to February is followed by the hot season from March to about middle of June. The period from the middle of June to September is the south west monsoon season. October and November form the post monsoon or transition period. The normal maximum temperature received during the month of May is 39.9°C and 45°C with minimum during the month of January 9.6°C and 3°C in Shajapur and Ratlam district respectively. 89. During the south- west monsoon season the relative generally exceeds 88% (July / August month). The rest of the year is drier. The driest part of the year is the summer season, when relative humidity is less than 33%. April is the driest month of the year. The wind velocity is higher during the pre monsoon period as compared to post monsoon period. The maximum wind velocity is 27.0 km / hr. observed during the month of June and minimum 7.1 km/hr during the month of November. 90. More than 90% of the annual rainfall is received during monsoon season. A monthly rainfall detail for last five years in the both project districts has been summarized in Table 4.2.

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Table 4.2 : Monthly Rainfall data (mm) in the project districts for the last six years Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Total Shajapur 2004 19.8 0 0 0 0 43.7 218.6 477 56.5 12.4 0 0 828 2005 0 0 0 9.2 12.9 72.5 273.8 150.1 124 0 0 0 642.5 2006 0 0 37.5 4 44 103.6 324.1 783.4 308.7 23 0 0 1628.3 2007 0 0.7 0 5.5 25.7 85.7 555.7 240.9 145.8 0 0.9 0 1060.9 2008 0 0 4.5 2 0.1 156.2 198.3 155.3 160.7 4.3 11.3 0 692.7 Ratlam 2004 4.6 0 0 0 18.6 94.2 167.4 535.6 28.3 30.1 0 0 878.8 2005 4.3 0 2.4 7.9 0.2 52.5 225.2 162.5 319.4 0.4 0 0 774.8 2006 0 0 13.7 0 4.6 97.9 293.1 858.2 366.3 0.5 0 0 1634.3 2007 0 0 0 0.1 0.1 80 478 531.2 139.5 0 0 0 1228.9 2008 0.6 0 0.2 1.9 0.4 81.9 208.2 186.1 138.4 34.3 0 0.1 652.1 Source: India Meteorological Department, 4.2.2. Air and Noise Quality 91. In absence of any existing data on ambient air quality and noise levels of the project area, onsite monitoring was conducted at few selected locations. Most of the project area lies in vast open agricultural land and is largely free from air pollution and noise generating sources other than traffic and few brick-kilns existing in the area. Moreover, these are located in open area and operate only for few months. 4.2.2.1 Air Quality 92. The 24 hourly average ambient air quality levels with respect to suspended particulate matter (SPM), respirable particulate matter (RSPM), Sulphur Dioxide and Oxides of Nitrogen are shown in Table 4.3. The Table reveals that SPM, RSPM, SO2 and NOx range from 62.8 to 190.5 µg/m3, 30.6 to 85.3 µg/m3, 4.3 to 12.7 µg/m3 and 4.3 to 12.1 µg/m3 respectively in the project area. These ambient air quality levels conform to the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) (Appendix 4.1).

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Table 4.3 : Ambient Air Quality Along the project section (24 Hourly)

Location RSPM SPM SO2 NOX Max 85.3 190.5 12.7 12.1 Agar Town Min 55.8 153.2 6.5 6.3 Avg 68.2 170.3 10.1 9.1 Max 57.6 138.4 8.4 7.5 Islamnagar Min 30.6 62.8 4.3 4.4 Avg 41.5 97 6.2 6 Max 67.5 105.7 10.5 8.7 Mindli Min 40.2 78.4 5.8 4.3 Avg 55.3 90.6 7.6 6.5 Max 71.4 135.8 11.3 10.4 Kalsiya Min 45.7 87.5 8.1 6.2 Avg 58.6 115.3 10.2 8.5 Source: Field Monitoring 4.2.2.2 Noise 93. The ambient noise levels (Table 4.4) at most of the locations is well within the permissible limits as prescribed by CPCB for day time and night time. Overall the noise level in the project region is not disturbing.

Table 4.4 : Noise Level in dB (A) Along the Project Corridor Noise level in dB (A) Station Location Day Night Code Leq Leq N-1 Agar Town 50.6 40.8 N-2 Jawra 54.3 42.4 N-3 Hatpipaliy 50.5 38.3 N-4 Tal Town 47.4 36.7 N-5 Gulabalod 48.5 40.2 N-6 Kheda 48.2 39.7 Source: Field Monitoring 4.2.3. Topography and Geomorphology 94. The project road lies between 75º 6’ E to 76º 4’ E and 23º 38’ N to 23º 38’ N. The topography of the project road section is mixed type. A section of the project road is passing through the Shahjapur District. The entire district is a part of Deccan Trap of Cretaceous Eocene age. The alluvium of ecent period is, however, found along the river Parbati in a narrow strip. Physio-cultural diversities in the district have led its sub division into the following sub-micro regions:- Agar plateau Shajapur Forested Upland Kali Sindh Basin Shajapur Upland 95. The road section passing through the Sahjapur district falls under the Agar plateau, Kali Sindh Basin and the Shajapur Upland.

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96. The rest of the road section passes through the Ratlam district where the physiology comprises the Malwa Plateau where the elevation ranges from about 1,650 to 2,000 feet (500 to 600 metres); erosion has carved the ancient lava flows into isolated mesas found throughout the plateau, together with an occasional sandstone hill. The western part of the region is drained by the Mahi River, the middle section by the Chambal River and other rivers include the Sipra, Maleni, Rajhara and Rattagarh, their valleys flanked by terraced slopes. 4.2.4. Geology/Soil 97. Geologically the project area constitutes the extensive Deccan Trap Basalts (Upper Cretaceous to Lower Eocene in age), overlain by variable thickness of Alluvium of Recent origin. Basalts are massive, fractured/jointed and vesicular in nature. Most of the vesicles are filled with secondary minerals like quarts, calcite and zeolite. The uppermost unit of basaltic flow is highly weathered. Alluvium is confined mainly along the rivers and streams, consisting of sand silt and clay, brought by rivers, mixed with line kankar and material derived from nearby hilly terrain. 98. Soil: The soil type of Ratlam district is mainly the mixed red and black soil, black cotton soil and laterite soil. In some portion of the district older & younger alluvium soil is also found. The alluvium consists of clay, silt, sand, gravels and pebbles. The soil in Shajapur district is of mixed type and there is no distinct boundary in between any two types of soils. There are three categories of soils identified in the district area that of Black cotton, Lateritic and Alluvial. 99. The project road section is basically Black soil. These soils are dark grey to black in color, composed of clay and are plastic & sticky in nature. These soils are fertile in nature and derived from decomposition of trappean rocks having thickness of 15 cm to 2m. In some portion Lateritic and alluvium soil is also found. 100. The soil sample has been collected at four locations in the project section as shown in Table 4.5. The Table reveals that the dominant soil type is clay with good organic content.

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Table 4.5 : Physiochemical Characteristics of soil in the project road S. Parameters Location No. Piplon Jawra Sinduriya Gulabalod 1 Colour Light Light Yellow Yellow Brown Brown 2 pH(20% slurry) 8.4 9 8.5 7.8 3 Conductivity ( μmhos / cm, 20% slurry) 376 420 408 385 4 Moisture (%) 1.45 1.62 1.55 1.72 5 Chlorides (%) 0.0578 0.0635 0.0547 0.0593 6 Bulk density (g/cc) 1.3 1.34 1.22 1.26 7 Porosity (%v/v) 0.65 0.7 0.78 0.58 8 Water Holding Capacity (%) 28.7 27.4 30.9 27.2 9 CEC meq/100g 30.1 27.5 26.8 29.9 10 Carbonate (%) NT NT NT NT 11 Bicarbonate (%) 0.0712 0.0755 0.0648 0.0777 12 Organic Matter (%) 0.51 0.54 0.48 0.62 13 Texture Clay Loam Clay Clay Clay 14 Nitrogen % 1.43 1.35 1.44 1.26 15 Potassium ,kg/h 1.48 1.53 1.65 1.47 16 Phosphorous, kg/h 26.8 27.5 29.3 27.2 Source: Analysis of Field Monitoring 4.2.5. Seismicity 101. The project region falls in Zones I of seismicity & low hazard zone in the seismic and hazard zoning map respectively as shown in the Figure 4.2 below:

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Source: Amateur Seismic Centre, Pune Source: IS 1893 (Part 1) 2002

Figure 4.2 : Hazard and Seismic Zoning Map 4.2.6. Land use 102. The area under various land uses in the state is presented in Table 4.6. The Table shows that the major portion of the land use is under agriculture (48.69%) followed by forest cover (28%).

Table 4.6 : Land Use Pattern in the State Land Use Area in '000 ha Percentage Total geographical area 30824 Reporting Area for land utilization 30756 100 Net area Sown 14975 48.7 Forest* 8688 28.2 Area not available for cultivation 3364 10.9 Permanent Pasture & Grazing land 1341 4.3 Land under misc. tree crops & groves 20 0.06 Cultivable waste land 1175 3.8 Fallow land other than current fallows 596 1.9 Current fallows 596 1.9 Source: DPR; The data is given for 2004-05 (as per availability) including Reserved & Protected Forest 103. Land Use Pattern along the Project road Section: Land use pattern along the project road is also mixed type dominated by agriculture and residential areas. There are also few public and private settlements along the project road. Chainage wise land use along the project road is given in Table 4.7.

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Table 4.7 : Chainage-wise Land Use Pattern along the project road Chainage (km) Existing land use Village From To Agar to Barod 0.00 1.00 Residential/ settlement Agar 1.00 5.50 Agricultural land 5.50 9.50 Barren land Agricultural land with patches of 9.50 15.00 Garbada built-up area 15.00 18.50 Residential/ settlement Sudvas, Piplon 18.50 20.00 Agricultural land 20.00 23.50 Barren land Agricultural land with patches of 23.50 33.40 Barod built-up area Barod to Alot 0.00 5.60 Residential/ settlement Barod Agricultural land with patches of 5.60 9.00 Lakshimpura built-up area 9.00 11.50 Barren Land Kheda, Kalsiya 11.50 14.00 Agricultural land 13.00 10.00 Agricultural land 10.00 9.00 Barren Land Agricultural land with patches of 9.00 6.00 built-up area 6.00 0.00 Built-up area Ramkhedi Alot to Jaora 48.00 44.00 Built-up area Alot Agricultural land with patches of 44.00 38.00 Gulabalod built-up area Agricultural land with patches of 38.00 30.00 Bhutiya barren land Built-up area with some patches of 30.00 19.50 Tal barren land Agricultural land with patches of Mindli, , 19.50 10.00 barren land Sinduriya Dughakhedi, 10.00 0.00 Residential/ settlement Islamnagar, Jawra Source: DPR 4.2.7. Hydrology and Drainage 104. Madhya Pradesh represents great river basins and the watershed of a number of rivers. The entire district of shajapur lies in the drainage area of Chambal which is a major tributary of the Yamuna. The Chambal itself flows towards the north beyond the western boundary of the district. Its tributaries flowing in the district, are the Parbati, the Nawaj, the Kali Sindh, the Lakhundar, the Ahu and the Au and the Chhoti Kali Sindh. The watershed areas of the Sahjapur district are Upper-Kalisind, Sind , Lakhundar, Ahu, Lower Kalisind, Rewan, Newaz , Ajnar, Chapi-Ghani , Upper Parbati and Lower Parbati. The project area is drained by , Dudhaliya N, Maleni N and Lakundar river. Kali Sindh also

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crosses the road which is perennial in nature. Also Dudhaliya river crosses the project road near Barod however it is non-perennial in nature. 105. The drainage map of the project road area is represented in Figure 4.3. The project road in the Ratlam district falls in Ganga and Chambal sub basin. The watershed areas of the Ratlam district are Upper-Chambal, Middle-Chambal Shipra. The project area is crossed by rivers like Chambal, Sipra, Kachhal, Choti Kalisindh and other small streams. The details of the water bodies along the corridor are given at Table 4.8.

Table 4.8 : List of Surface Water Sources Along/Across Project Corridor Whether Crossing or in Perennial or S. No. Name District Buffer Area Non-Perennial 1. Chambal Ratlam Crossing the alignment Non-Perennial 2. Shipra Ratlam Crossing the alignment Non-Perennial 3. Maleni Ratlam Buffer Area Non-Perennial 4. Choti Kali Sind Shajapur Crossing the alignment Non-Perennial 5. Dudhaliya Shajapur Crossing the alignment Non-Perennial 6. Kachhal Shajapur Crossing the alignment Non-Perennial 7. Au Shajapur Buffer Area Non-Perennial Source: Survey of India Toposheet/ District planning Map Series

Figure 4.3 : Drainage map of the project road SH-41. 4.2.8. Groundwater 37

106. The ground water availability along the project road area is poor. The depth of water table varies from 48.0 mbgl -290.41 mbgl. Most of the wells become dry during non-monsoon seasons. The groundwater quality of the samples collected during field survey in the study area has been summarised in Table 4.9. It reveals that the ground water quality conforms to the drinking water standards (Appendix 4.3).

Table 4.9 : Groundwater Quality Along the Project Corridor Locations S.No Parameters Islamnaga Tal Alot Ramkhedi r 1 Colour Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless 2 pH 7.7 7.3 7.4 8.2 3 Conductivity (μmhos / cm) 450 405 524 440 4 Turbidity, NTU 2 2 3 3 5 TDS (mg/l) 292 255 330 272 6 TSS (mg/l) 5 5 7 6

7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/l) 74 87 80 82 8 Chlorides as Cl (mg/l) 26 30.5 23.2 31.2

9 Sulphates as SO4 (mg/l) 20.2 20.8 21.4 21.7

10 Nitrates as NO3 (mg/l) ND ND ND ND

11 Phosphates as PO4 (mg/l) 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.08 12 Florides as F (mg/l) 0.6 0.59 0.74 0.73 13 Iron as Fe (mg/l) 0.18 0.14 0.08 0.17 14 Lead as Pb (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 15 Copper as Cu (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 16 Nickel as Ni (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 17 Zinc as Zn (mg/l) 0.68 0.7 0.65 0.78 18 Chromium Total as Cr (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 19 Manganese as Mn (mg/l) 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.07 20 Oil & grease (mg/l) ND ND ND ND 21 Calcium as Ca (mg/l) 28.5 31.5 28.2 35.6 22 Magnesium as Mg (mg/l) 17.4 20.3 18.6 22.4 Source: Analysis of Field Samples 4.2.9. Surface water 107. Water samples from Sipra river and Kali Sindh Nadi has been compared with the standards prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Irrigation- Class D and propagation of wild life and fisheries -Class-E (Appendix 4.4). The results of the samples conforms their suitability for both these purposes. Results of the surface water quality in the project area have been summarized in Table 4.10.

Table 4.10 : Surface Water Quality of the river in project area Location S.No. Parameters Sipra river Kali Sindh 1 Colour Colourless Colourless 2 pH 7.4 7

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Location S.No. Parameters Sipra river Kali Sindh 3 Conductivity (μmhos / cm) 604 490 4 Turbidity, NTU 4 4 5 TDS (mg/l) 393 305 6 TSS (mg/l) 15 20

7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/l) 132 144 8 Chlorides as Cl (mg/l) 46 36.7

9 Sulphates as SO4 (mg/l) 18.7 19.2

10 Nitrates as NO3 (mg/l) 0.56 0.78

11 Phosphates as PO4 (mg/l) 0.07 0.07 12 Fluorides as F (mg/l) 0.32 0.3 13 Iron as Fe (mg/l) 0.16 0.14 14 Lead as Pb (mg/l) ND ND 15 Copper as Cu (mg/l) ND ND 16 Nickel as Ni (mg/l) ND ND 17 Zinc as Zn (mg/l) 0.6 0.7 18 Chromium Total as Cr (mg/l) ND ND 19 Manganese as Mn (mg/l) 0.05 0.06 20 Oil & grease (mg/l) ND ND 21 Calcium as Ca (mg/l) 30.5 31.2 22 Magnesium as Mg (mg/l) 17.7 16.8 23 Total Coliform 33 26 24 DO 5.5 5.3 25 BOD 5.4 6.2 26 COD 14 21 Source: Analysis of field Samples 4.3. Ecological Resources 4.3.1. Terrestrial Ecology 4.3.1.1 Forests 108. Madhya Pradesh is endowed with rich and diverse forest resources. Lying between lat. 21°04'N and long. 74°02' and 82°49' E, it is a reservoir of biodiversity. The geographical area of the state is 308,144 km2 (118,975 sq mi) which constitutes 9.38 % of the land area of the country. The forest area of the state is 95,221 km2 (36,765 sq mi) constituting 31% of the geographical area of the state and 12.44% of the forest area of the country. Legally this area has been classified into "Reserved Forest, Protected Forest and Unclassified Forest", which constitute 61.7%, 37.4% and 0.9% of the forest area respectively. Central, eastern and southern parts of the state are rich, whereas northern and western parts are deficient in forest. The forest cover of Madhya Pradesh is shown in Figure 4.4. 39

Figure 4.4 : Forest Cover Map of Madhya Pradesh 109. The forests of Project District: According to Champion and Seth classification modified by V.K. Seth the forests in the study area are Southern Tropical Dry Deciduous forests. 110. Dry & Teak Forests: It occurs extensively on the eastern and northern slopes of Bagh, Sardarpur, Dhamnod and Manawar ranges. This is the climax vegetation of the area stabilised by the reduction of other varieties due to grazing and fires. In such areas the top canopy is usually filled up by teak well with an increased number of associate species. 111. Mixed Forests: The Mixed forests vary from the general type. The admixture of a large number of species to dry types like that of salai and the maltreated areas of scrubs and grasses. These occur over very undulating topography. Mostly in degraded conditions of the over wood and Underwood are hardly distinguishable. Among the associates salai, anjun, rohan, dhaora, saj and chloroxylon swietenia are most widespread. 112. In the project district Ratlam, there is a Bird sanctuary named Salana (Kharmore Sanctuary) which is located at Javra tehsil. The sanctuary extends over an area of 1296.541 hectares. However, it does not falls within the study area. 4.3.1.2 Flora

113. The study area is dominated by open, dry barren areas. Some agriculture fields are also observed during the survey. The tree density is very less in the study area. Prosopis juliflora Acacia catechu are most dominant plant species observed during the survey. The road side vegetation is mostly thorny and dominated by different species of Prosopis and Zyzypus. Other tree species observed during the survey are Butea monosperma, Bombax ceiba mangifera indica Eucalyptus spp, Delonix regia, Ipomeas pp., Zyzypus zuzuba, Bamboo spp, Acacia catechu Acacia nilotica, prosopis juliflora, Calotropis procera, lantana camera, Azadirachta indica,

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Ficus benghalensis, Agave americana etc. The list of common trees observed during the present survey along the road is given in Table 4.11. 114. The study area shows presence of medicinal plants. The area abounds in production of many kinds of fruits, flowers, seeds and leaves which have medicinal properties. Study area has got a variety of trees and plants owing to the climatic and geological factors. There are many plants like Acacia catechu, Acacia nilotica, Butea monosperma, Eucalyptus spp., Calotropis procera, Ficus benghalensis, Mangifera indica, Ficus religiosa, Azadirachta indica which have medicinal value found in the study area. 115. No loss of any threatened, rare or endangered plant species is envisaged in the project area. Table 4.11 : List of Plant Species found in the Study Area

S. No. Local Name Botanical Name Family Large Trees 1. Achar Buchanania lanzan (spreg) Anacardiaceae 2. Arjun Terminalia arjuna (Bedd) Combretaceae 3. Aam Mangifera indica (Linn) Anacardiaceae 4. Awla Emblica officinalis Euphorbiaceae 5. Imli Tamarindus indica (Linn) Caesalpiniaceae 6. Kardhai Anogeissus pendula Combrataceae 7. Kala siras Albizia lebbek Leguminosae (Mimoseae) 8. Kevlor Bauhinia purpurea Caesalpinaceae 9. Kumbhi Careya arborea Myrtaceae 10. Kullu Sterculia urens Stcrculiaceae 11. Kem Mitragyna parvifolia Rubiaceae 12. Khair Acacia catechu Leguminosae (Mimoseae) 13. Gular Ficus glomerata Moraceae 14. Gunja Gardenia pinnata Burseraceae 15. Chchwa Albizzia odoratissima Leguminosae (Mimoseae) 16. Chirol Holoptelea integrifolia Legumenosae (Mimoseae) 17. Jamun Syzygium cuimini Myrataceae 18. Kankar Lannea coromandalica Anacardiaceae 19. Tendu Diospyros melanoxeon Ebenaceae 20. Dhavda Anogeissus latifolia Combretaceae 21. Dhobin Dalbergia paniculata Leguminosae (Papilionaceae) 22. Nilgiri Eucalyptus spp Myrtaceae 23. Neem Azadirachta indica Meliaceae 24. Palas Butea monosperma Leguminosea (papilionaceae) 25. Pakar Ficus infectoria Moraceae 26. Padar Stereospermum suaveolens Bignoniaceae 27. Pangra Erythrina Suberosa Leguminosae (Pipilionaceae) 28. Pipal Ficus religiosa Moraceae 29. Bad Ficus bengalensis Moraceae 30. Bahera Terminalia belerica Combretaceae 41

S. No. Local Name Botanical Name Family 31. Babul Acacia nilotica Legumenosae (Mimoseae) 32. Bel Aegle marmelos Rutaceae 33. Bhirra Chloroxylon Swietenia, D.C. Meliaceae 34. Maharukh Ailanthus excelsa Simarubiaceae 35. Mahua Madhuca indica Sapotaceae 36. Shisham Delbergia latifolia, Roxb Leguminosae (Papilionaceae) 37. Safed Siras Albizzia procera, Benth Leguminosae (Mimoseae) 38. Sagwan Tectona grandis Verbenaceae 39. Saj Terminalia tomentosa Combretaceae 40. Salai Boswellia serrata Burseraceae 41. Seja Lagerstroemia parviflora Lythraceae 42. Semal Salmalia malabarica, Bombaxcieba Malvaceae 43. Haldu Adina Cardifolia Rubiaceae Small Trees 44. Amaltash Cassia fistula Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) 45. Astara Bauhinia malabarica Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) 46. Asta Bauhinia racermosa Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) 47. Ghont Zizyphus xylopyra Rhamnaceae 48. Ber Zizyphus jujube Rhamnaceae 49. Lokhandi Ixora arborea Rubiaceae 50. Sehra Bauhinia retusa Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) Shrubs and Under Shrubs 51. Adusa Adhatoda vasica Acanthaceae 52. Apamarg Achyranthes aspera Amaranthaceae 53. Arandi Ricinus Communis Euphorbiaceae 54. Aak Calotropis gigantean Asclepiadaceae 55. Gokhru Tribulus terrestris Zygophllaceae 56. Zhadneri Zizyphus nummularia Rhamnaceae 57. Tulsi Ocimum Sanctum Labiatae 58. Thuar Euphorbia nerifolia Euphorbiaceae 59. Dhavai Woodfordia fruticosa Lythraceae 60. Nirgudi Vitex negundo Verbenaceae 61. Neel Indigofera pulchella Leguminosae 62. Pawar Cassia tora Leguminosae (Caesalpiniaceae) 63. Beshram Ipomoea pescaparae Convolvulaceae 64. Bhatkatiya Solanum nigrum Solanaceae 65. s Vidyasini Lantana camara Verbenaceae 66. Shatavari Asparagus recemosus Liliaceae 67. Sitafal Anona Squamosa Anonaceae 68. Harsingar Nyctanthes arbortristis Oleacaae 69. Ratanjot Jatropha curacas Evphorbiaceae 70. Gunja Abrus precatorious Leguminosea 71. Gauj Millietia auriculata Leguminosea (Pipilionaceae)

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S. No. Local Name Botanical Name Family 72. Palasbel Butea superba Leguminosea (Pipilionaceae) 73. Amrbel Cuscuta reflexa Convolvulaceae 74. Bans Dendrocalamus Strictus Gramineae Source: Secondary sources and Public consultation 4.3.1.3 Fauna 4.3.1.4 Wild Life and Protected Areas

116. There are 9 National Parks and 25 Sanctuaries spread over an area of 10,862 km2 constituting 11.40% of the total forest area and 3.52% of the geographical area of the state. The details of National Park and Sanctuaries are shown in Figure 4.5.

Figure 4.5 : National Parks and Sanctuaries in Madhya Pradesh 117. The vegetation density and diversity is an important factor determining the habitat and thus for particular wild animals. Different animals prefer different types of habitat for food and shelter. During the survey Squirrel, mongoose and macaque were sighted in some locations. Grazing activity mostly performed by domestic animals like cow, buffaloes, goat etc. however, the public consultation revealed the existence of Hare and macaque in the study area. List of fauna present in study area is given in Table 4.12.

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Table 4.12 : List of Fauna found in the Study Area S. No. Local Name Zoological Name Family 1. Common Langur Presbytia entellus Colobidae 2. Rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta Circopthecidae 3. Common Mongoose Herpestes edwardsi Herpestidae 4. Jackal Canis aureus Canidae 5. Indian Fox Vulpes benglensis Canidae 6. Common five Stripped squirrel Funambulus pennanti Sciuridae 7. Field rat Bandicota bengalensis Muridae 8. Common house rat Rattus rattus-refescena Muridae 9. Common Indian hare Lepus nigricollis Leporidae Source: Secondary sources and Public consultation 118. The reptile includes the snakes and lizards of various types. The agriculture field in the study area provides an ideal habitat for many snakes and other reptiles. Reptiles such as Russell viper, cobra was found occasionally in the dense vegetation areas as per-narrated by local people. The list of common reptiles found in the study area is shown in Table 4.13. Table 4.13 : List of Reptiles in the Study Area S. No. Scientific Name English Name Family 1 Python molurus Indian python Pythonidae 2 Mabuya carinata Common skink Scincidae 3 Ptyas mucosus Rat snake Colubridae 4 Hemidactyhus flaviviridis House Lizard Gekkonidae 5 Calotes versicolor Garden Lizard Agamidae 6 Bungarus caeruleus Common India Krait Elapidae 7 Viper russelli Russel’s Viper Viperidae 8 Dendrelaphis tristis Tree snake Colubridae Source: Secondary sources and Public consultation 4.3.1.5 Avifauna

119. A total number of 22 species of birds were encountered during the present survey. Dominant bird species observed during the survey are green bee eater, blue rock pigeon small blue kingfisher, rose ringed parakeet, house crow, common myna, House sparrow etc. List of bird species found in study area is given in Table 4.14.

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Table 4.14 : List of Avifauna found in the Study Area S. No. Standard English Name Zoological Name Family 1. Gray Heron Ardea Cinerea Ardeidae 2. Paddy Bird Ardeola grayii Ardeidae 3. Cattle egret Bulbulcus ibis Ardeidae 4. White egret Egretta alba Ardeidae 5. Little Egret Egretta garzetta Ardeidae 6. Black parteidge Francolinus from Colinus Phasianidae 7. Gray partridge Francolinus pond- Phasianidae icerianus 8. Common or gray quail Cotuenix coturnix Phasianidae 9. Red wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus Charadridae 10. Yellow wattled lapwing Vanellus malabaricus Charadridae 11. Common green pigeon Treron Phoenicoptera Collumbidae 12. Blue rock pigeon Columba livia Collumbidae 13. Indian ring dove Streptopelia decaocto Collumbidae 14. Spotted dove Streptopelia chinensis Collumbidae 15. Large Indian Parakeet Psittacula eupatria Psittacidae 16. Rose ringed Parakeet Psittacula Krameri Psittacidae 17. Blossom headed parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala Psittacidae 18. Koel Eudynamys Cuculidae scolopaceae 19. Coucal Centropus sinensis Cuculidae 20. Pied king fisher Ceryle rudis Alcedinidae 21. Small Blue king fisher or Alcedo atthis Alcedinidae Common king fisher 22. White breasted king fisher Halcyon smyrnensis Alcedinidae 23. Green bee eater Merops orientalis Meropidae 24. Indian roller blue jay Coracias benghalensis Coracidae 25. Indian pitta Pitta brachyuran Pittiade 26. Golden oriole Oriolus oriolus Orioladae 27. King crow; Black Drongo Dicrurus adsimilis Dicruidae 28. Large Racket tailed drango Dicrurus paradiseus Dicruidae 29. Pied myna Sturnus contra Sturnidae 30. Common myna Aeridotheres tristis Sturnidae 31. Jungle myna Aeridotheres Sturnidae 32. House crow Corvus splendens Corvidae 33. Jungle crow Corvus macrorhynchos Corvidae 34. Red whisked bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus Pycnontidae 35. Redvented bulbul Pyenonotus cafer Pycnontidae 36. Jungle babbler Turdoidesstriatus Muscicapidae Timalinae 37. Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata Muscicapidae 38. Magpie Robin Copsychus-saularis Muscicapidae Turdinae 39. Indian Robin Saxicola fulicatus Muscicapidae Turdinae 40. Grey wagtail Motacilla cinerea Motacillidae 41. Yellow Wagtail Motacilla glava Motacillidae 42. Purple sun Bird Nectarinia asiatica Nectarinidae 43. House sparrow Passer-domesticus passerinae 44. Weaver bird Ploceus philippinus passerinae 45. Red Munia Estrilda amandava Estrildinae 45

Source: Secondary sources and Public consultation 120. There are no Wild Life Sanctuaries/National Parks, Tiger Reserves etc. in the project area. 4.3.1.6 Roadside Plantations 121. The major species observed are mango, teak, neem, jamun, palas, saja, seasam, mahua etc. It is found that about 3314 trees exist within formation width of 12 m and are likely to be cut. Maximum efforts shall be made to minimize cutting of trees. The Chainage-wise list of trees along the project road is given in Table 4.15.

Table 4.15 : Trees along Project Road (within 20m width) Chainage Left Right Total From To Agar to Barod 0 1 0 2 2 1 2 2 4 6 2 3 32 40 72 3 4 60 60 120 4 5 100 80 180 5 6 27 25 52 6 7 0 0 0 7 8 2 2 4 8 9 0 0 0 9 10 1 2 3 10 11 7 6 13 11 12 6 8 14 12 13 3 0 3 13 14 3 4 7 14 15 6 7 13 15 16 16 4 20 16 17 24 50 74 17 18 28 15 43 18 19 17 20 37 19 20 31 30 61 20 21 68 55 123 21 22 52 60 112 22 23 23 18 41 23 24 10 10 20 24 25 15 40 55 25 26 5 9 14 26 27 6 19 25 27 28 15 15 30 28 29 25 8 33 29 30 8 10 18 30 31 6 21 27 31 32 11 13 24 32 33 4 10 14

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Chainage Left Right Total From To 33 34 17 8 25 Barod to Alot 0 1 15 14 29 1 2 29 20 49 2 3 16 15 31 3 4 13 25 38 4 5 21 30 51 5 6 45 20 65 6 7 23 15 38 7 8 45 12 57 8 9 30 11 41 9 10 27 17 44 10 11 70 14 84 11 12 3 0 3 12 13 10 0 10 13 14 0 4 4 13 12 5 6 11 12 11 4 3 7 11 10 8 7 15 10 9 0 0 0 9 8 0 0 0 8 7 7 0 7 7 6 5 10 15 6 5 6 8 14 5 4 40 13 53 4 3 20 8 28 3 2 35 10 45 2 1 5 7 12 1 0 8 6 14 Alot to Jaora 48 47 7 11 18 47 46 6 13 19 46 45 10 5 15 45 44 10 16 26 44 43 10 13 23 43 42 6 11 17 42 41 7 5 12 41 40 15 8 23 40 39 10 4 14 39 38 12 9 21 38 37 8 13 21 37 36 5 12 17 36 35 11 8 19 35 34 12 7 19 34 33 8 10 18 33 32 6 15 21 47

Chainage Left Right Total From To 32 31 10 14 24 31 30 8 12 20 30 29 5 10 15 29 28 11 7 18 28 27 9 9 18 27 26 6 5 11 26 25 8 9 17 25 24 10 4 14 24 23 15 8 23 23 22 10 12 22 22 21 8 6 14 21 20 5 25 30 20 19 10 20 30 19 18 6 50 56 18 17 8 35 43 17 16 12 12 24 16 15 15 14 29 15 14 20 17 37 14 13 11 36 47 13 12 9 8 17 12 11 8 10 18 11 10 10 20 30 10 9 5 50 55 9 8 12 40 52 8 7 15 35 50 7 6 30 25 55 6 5 25 10 35 5 4 35 15 50 4 3 11 8 19 3 2 15 10 25 2 1 20 31 51 1 0 12 0 12 Total 1657 1657 3314 Source: DPR 4.3.2. Aquatic Ecology 122. The important fishes commonly available in the region are Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Labeio calbase, Cirrihinus, mirgigale, Clarius, batrachus, Rita rita, Heteropneuptus fonilis, Notopterus nontopterus, N. Chitala, Macrobrachum rosenbergii, M. malconsini, M. Chapral, Channa punetatus C. gaehua, C.striatus.

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4.4. Socio-Economic Development 4.4.1. Economic Progress 123. The economy of Madhya Pradesh is based on agriculture, forest products, industries, mineral resources, and cottage industry sectors. The gross domestic product of the state amounted to Rs. 304,720 million in 1990, in 1995 this figure amounted to Rs. 478,410 million, and in 2000 this figure stood at Rs. 737,150 million. 4.4.1.1 Agriculture 124. In 2004-05, the state has produced about 14.1million tones of food grains (comprising Cereals 10.7million tonnes and 3.4million tonnes of pulses) and about 4.8 million tones of total Oilseed (Soyabean production is 3.75 million tones). The state has contributed 7.43% food grains, 8.7% cereals and 21.4% pulses to the national food storage. The contribution of national oil seed production was 22.1% in the 2003-04. Thus the state became highest producer of pulses and second oilseed producer in the country in 2003-04. 125. Shajapur district is maily agriculture based district. The size of agricultural land holding is mostly small. Total land for Agriculture in the district is about 446,000 hectares. Two crops are takan up every year, viz, Rabi and kharif. Main plants production is taken in 396,000 hectares. Soyabean is the major crop in this district. Main plants production is taken in. The other main crops are wheat, Jawar. Maize, Gram, Rice, Bajra, Sugarcane, Groundnut are the less important crops. Animal husbandry is also another widely practiced occupation. Main crop of Ratlam include Soyabin, Gram, Wheat and Maize. It is also known for some variety of fruits including Strawberry and Grapes. Important grain crops are Jowar, Maize and Wheat and the important pulses are Chana and Urad. 4.4.1.2 Mineral Resources 126. Madhya Pradesh is rich in minerals. There are large reserves of coal and important deposits of iron ore, manganese ore, bauxite, limestone, dolomite, copper, fire clay & china clay. Diamond reserves at Panna are of particular interest. There are 24 cement factories in the state. The state is one of the largest producer of cement in the country. The reserves of dolomite (66 million tonnes), fuller’s earth (1.2 lakh million tonnes), clay (12030 million tonnes), lime stone, quartz etc. reported in project area. 4.4.1.3 Industries 127. The major industries of the state are electronics, telecommunications, petrochemicals, food processing and automobiles. The state has also taken a lead in the production of cement. The state is also famous for its traditional handicrafts and handlooms manufactured at Chanderi and Maheshwar. The major industrial unit in the state are- cement, Pig Iron, Steel Ingots, News Prints and Sugar mills.

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4.4.2. Infrastructure Facilities 4.4.2.1 Industries of Project District: 128. Ratlam is known for the gold, textiles, wire, chemical and pottery industries apart from being a market for grains and milling products. Ratlam has several chemical factories namely JVL, Hightech, IPCA, Shaba Chemicals, Bordiya Chemicals, Sujjan Chemicals etc. There are a number of manufacturing units of Copper wires and plastic rope etc. Ratlam is also famous for its gold and ornaments for its purity and designs. Ratlami Namkin (sev) is famous throughout the country. 4.4.2.2 Water Supply 129. Madhya Pradesh ranks among top states in accessibility and availability of safe drinking water supply. Nearly 90% of the total population gets safe drinking water. Projects districts are also richly endowed by groundwater and surface water resources. Groundwater is primarily used for drinking and domestic purposes in the project influence area. 4.4.2.3 Transportation 130. Madhya Pradesh is poorly served with transport and communication facilities. State has about 21km of roads per 100 sq. km, as amongst an all India average of 62 km per sq. km. The road network is deficient both in the quantum network connectivity as well as in riding quality of the roads, mainly the state highways, district roads and village roads. 131. The main railroads that pass through the state were originally laid down to connect the ports of Chennai, and Kolkata with their surrounding areas. Important railway junctions include Bhopal, Ratlam, , Itarsi and Katni. Major airports connecting the states with other part of the country are at Bhopal, , , Jabalpur, Rewa and Khajuraho, as well as several national highways. 132. Transportation of the Project District: Shajapur district is well connected by rail and road. Railway line is well connected to various cities. Here the Ujjain-Bhopal,Ujjain-Guna,Makshi-Indoreon, the Ujjain- Bhopal,Makshi, Bercha, Akodiya, , Kalapipal are major railway stations. NH-3 is passing through the district. On the railway track Ujjain- Guna, Shajapur is the main railway station. The district has a National High way (Agra-Bombay) a state high way (Agar-Kota), and a good number of roads which connects the district headquarter with all the tehsils & villages. Ratlam is also well connected both by Rails and Roads. Ratlam junction is Divisional head quarters of western railways. It has both Broad Gauge and Meter Gauge Railway Lines. Ratlam is connected to Indore and via National Highway no. 79. 133. The proposed Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora road section serves as a link connecting Shajapur and Ratlam Districts. The improvement of roads infrastructure in the region will enhance the tourism potential as well as will lead to increased socio-economic activities in both the districts. With socio-economic development of the districts and the state, the traffic is bound to increase. The state realizes the need for socio-economic development and the crucial role that roads play in this process.

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Therefore, the existing road infrastructure urgently needs repair and improvement. 4.4.2.4 Power Sources and Availability 134. The state is well endowed with potential hydroelectric power. Main hydroelectric projects (jointly developed with other states) are the Babanthadi with Maharashtra, Ban Sagar with Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, the Chambal Valley with Rajasthan, Narmada Sagar with Gujarat and Rajasthan, and Rajghat and Urmil with Uttar Pradesh. The Hasdeo Bango, Bargi, and Birsinghapur thermal power projects are also within the state. 135. Installed power capacity of Madhya Pradesh is 6305 MW, of which 2990MW is produced from state’s own projects, 1599 MW from joint- venture projects and 1716 MW from the central sector allocation. Per capita electricity consumption in the state is 270 Kwh. About 97.43% villages in the state have been electrified. Social and Cultural Resources. 4.5. Social and Cultural Resources 4.5.1. Population and Communities 136. Madhya Pradesh is a landlocked state in the central part of the country with a population of 60.3 million with more than 74% of the population living in the rural areas. The population density of the state is 196persons/km2 in compare to 325 persons/km2 of India. Sex ratio of the state is 920 against the 933 in the country. 137. According to the census 2001, the state of Madhya Pradesh and India have following facts on Population (Table 4.16)

Table 4.16 : Demographic Profile of the State and the country S. No. Feature Madhya Pradesh India 1 Geographical Area (sq. km) 308824 3287240 2 Total Population 60385118 1028737436 3 Male population 31456873 532223090 4 Female population 28928245 496514346 5 Rural Population 44282528 742490639 6 Urban Population 16102590 286119689 7 Density 196 325 8 Sex ratio (female/1000 male) 920 933 9 Literacy (%) 64.08 64.8 Source: Census Data, Census of India, 2001 138. The project road SH-41 is passing through the 20 villages of the Ratlam and Shajapur districts. These villages are listed in Table 4.17.

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Table 4.17 : List of villages in the project road Name of Chainages Town/Village Start End Agar – Barod Agar Town 0/000 1/200 Sudvas 17/100 17/200 Piplon 17/780 17/900 Barod 25/200 26/700 Jawara – Alot Jawara 0/000 0/400 Islamnagar 4/000 4/200 Dughakhedi 8/100 8/200 Sinduriya 10/100 10/400 Hatpipaliy 14/800 14/900 Mindli 17/000 17/100 Ram sadh 22/200 22/300 Tal Town 26/600 28/300 Bhutiya 33/600 34/100 Gulabalod 39/100 39/200 Alot Town 44/500 48/000 Alot town to Ratlam District Boundary Lakshmipura 5/100 5/400 Kheda 9/100 9/200 Kalsiya 10/600 10/800 Barod town to Ratlam District Boundary Ramkhedi 1/700 1/800 Guradiya 4/700 4/800 Source: DPR and Strip Mapping 139. The total number of households in the villages of the project road is 14263 with a total population of 82906. Out of these, about 85% is general. The SC/ST population accounts for about 15% of the total population as shown in Figure 4.6. The figure also reveals that the gender ratio among SC/ST population is almost the same.

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2.07% 6000 13.10% 5000

4000 M F GEN SC 3000 ST 2000 Population (Nos) 1000

84.83% 0 SC ST

Figure 4.6 : Demographic Status of the Project Section 4.5.2. Literacy 140. The overall literacy rate of Madhya Pradesh is 64.08%, which is almost equivalent to the countries literacy rate (64.8%). The project road passing through the Ratlam and Shajapur districts of Madhya Pradesh covering villages have total literacy rate of 61.40 %.The population of literate male (59.62%) is comparatively high than female literate (40.37%) as shown in Figure 4.7.

35000

30000

25000 LIT ILL

20000

15000

Population (Nos) 10000

5000

0 Male Female

Figure 4.7 : Literacy rate along the project section 4.5.3. Occupational Status 141. In the villages of the project road 36.02 % of the total population comprise the workforce of the project area. 75.52% comprise the male working class population. Marginal population of villages of the project road is 6.48 % with 63.79 % represented by female population is comparatively high. Maximum percentage of the workers is in the agriculture sector as cultivators or agricultural labourers or employee in agro based industries. 53

21%

30%

MA IN CL MA IN WORKER MAIN AL 7% MA RG WORKER MA IN HH NON WORKER MA IN OT 3%

64% 6% 69%

16000 3500

14000 3000 M F 12000 M F 2500 10000 2000 8000 1500 6000 Population (Nos) 1000 Population (Nos) 4000 500 2000 0 0 MA RG CL MARG AL MA RG HH MARG OT MAIN CL MAIN AL MAIN HH MAIN OT Figure 4.8 : Occupational status along the Alignment 142. Tribal population in the project area is low (2.06 % in the project area) they also live in the mainstream of the society as shown in Figure 4.8. 4.5.4. Structures or sites of historical, archaeological, paleontological, or architectural significance 143. There is no such site of significance either impacted or in the close vicinity of the project area. 4.5.4.1 Areas of Eco-Sensitivity/Protected Area/Restricted Area legislative and others 144. The project road does not pass through any National Park / Wildlife Sanctuary etc.

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5. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND ITS MITIGATION MEASURES 145. Environmental impacts have been assessed considering present environmental setting of the project area, nature, and extent of the proposed activities. Suitable approach and qualitative and quantitative techniques were used to ascertain likely direct and indirect impacts during design, construction and operation stages of the project. Impacts are classified as being insignificant, minor, moderate and major. The mitigation measures have been presented along with the impacts. . 146. During the field study, a number of informal consultations were held with people in the locality including those presently living along the various stretches of the sub project corridor. Some NGOs working in the areas were also contacted. Discussions were held with various concerned Government authorities like with Forests Departments, pollution control boards, State environmental impact assessment authority. Outcome of these consultations is referred for environmental impact assessment and designing of mitigative measures. 5.1. Impact on Physical Environment 5.1.1. Climate Design and Construction Phase 147. Project will have no impact on climate of the area. The subproject may have minor impact on weather conditions of the area due to cutting of the 144 trees. Mitigation Measures 148. All efforts are made to minimise the cutting of trees. Supervision consultants will further ensure minimal cutting of the trees during the construction stage. The compensatory afforestation shall be made on the basis 1:7. The plantations shall begin with start of construction. The survival of plantation will be ensured, even if they are planted through concerned forest department. Tree of native variety only will be planted. In addition to above plantation, additional trees shall be planted through village Panchayats to improve microclimatic conditions of the area. Operation Stage 149. The sub-project road is located in vast open agricultural land which will provide adequate dispersion of gaseous emission from vehicle. Further, extensive plantation will ameliorate/enhance the micro-climate. It also has associated benefits with respect to Green House Gas (GHG) emission reduction. The GHG emission reduction is anticipated due to improved road conditions and better connectivity. The GHG reduction is anticipated due to reduced idling of vehicle. Mitigation Measures 150. It is proposed that MPRDC may initiate study to assess the GHG emission reduction and reap the economic benefits from road improvement projects including higher tree plantation. 55

5.1.2. Natural Hazard 151. Flood: The project section at few locations is having rolling terrain which has the possibility of getting flooded during monsoon due to low level of the alignment and choking of drains. 152. Earthquake: The sub project roads lies in seismic zone II/III as per classification by Bureau of Indian Standards. This means lower to medium seismic intensity. Mitigation Measures 153. In order to prevent the flood-like situation in the Agar-Barod section, the volume of the culverts in this section must be increased inorder to increase their carrying capacity. Further, the height of the embankment must be adequately raised above the present level to avoid any water logging on the road. 154. All subproject structures shall be designed with consideration of above seismicity.

5.1.3. Air Quality Design and Construction Phase 155. The potential sources of air emission during the construction phase of the project are: (i) dust from earth works (during site preparation), (ii) emissions from the operation of construction equipment and machines, (iii) fugitive emissions from vehicles plying on the road, (iv) fugitive emissions during the transport of construction materials, (v) air emissions other than dust arise from combustion of hydrocarbons particularly from the hot mix plants, and (vi) localised increased traffic congestion in construction areas. Most of the emissions will be in the form of coarse particulate matter which will settle down in close vicinity of construction site. Hot mix plant will generate carbon monoxide (CO), un-burnt hydrocarbon (HC), sulphur dioxide (SO2), particulate matters (PM), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions. This may affect the air quality of nearby areas, especially, due to emission discharge from low height of the stack. However, this will be a temporary phase and hence, no significant impact is envisaged. 156. The stone aggregate will be sourced from licensed quarries. No new quarries shall be open for the project. The pollution related aspects to these quarries are independently complied by the quarry owner. Mitigation Measures 157. Road pavement design should be such that tyre friction due to vehicle movement will be reduced. Vehicles delivering loose and fine materials like sand and aggregates shall be covered. Dust suppression measures like water sprinkling, water fogging shall be applied in all dust prone locations such as unpaved haulage roads5, earthworks, stockpiles and

5 Water suppression of fugitive dust can reduce emissions from 12% to 98%

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asphalt mixing plant areas. PPE shall be provided to the construction workers to minimise inhalation of respirable suspended particulate matter. 158. Mixing plants and asphalt (hot mix) plants shall be located at least 1 km away and in downwind direction of the human settlements. Material storage areas shall also be located downwind of the habitation area. Contractor shall obtain consent to establish and operate from concerned State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) before its use for the project road. Hot mix plant shall be fitted with stack of adequate height (30 m) or as may be prescribed by SPCB to ensure enough dispersion of exit gases. Diesel Generating (DG) sets shall also be fitted with stack of adequate height. Low sulphur diesel shall be used in DG sets and other construction machineries. Construction vehicles and machineries shall be periodically maintained. LPG should be used as fuel source in construction camps instead of wood, wherever possible. 159. Air quality monitoring shall be carried out during construction phase. Suitable pollution control measures shall be adopted if monitored parameters are found above the prescribed limit. 160. The aggregate will be transported in the covered quarries through existing national and state highways. Operation Phase 161. The bad road conditions, the idling of vehicles are the main causes of the air and noise pollution at present. The improved road conditions will result in the improved ambient air quality. Since traffic is projected to increase with improved roads and better connectivity, the impact will remain more or less same. Since subproject is largely traverse through vast open agriculture areas, which provides adequate dispersion to gaseous pollutants generated from vehicles. Mitigation Measures 162. It is proposed to maintain the road conditions including shoulders and embankment turfing. Thick trees shall be planted close to sensitive locations such as hospital, school boundaries and near religious places. 163. Caution sign for speed regulation and lane driving shall be fixed near habitat areas. Educative awareness boards for safe and fuel efficient driving shall be fixed at selective locations. 5.1.4. Noise Design and Construction Phase 164. Ambient noise level may increase temporarily in the close vicinity of various construction activities, maintenance workshops and vehicles and earthmoving equipment. These construction activities are expected to produce noise levels in the range of 80 – 95 dB(A) (at a distance of about 5 m from the source). Although this level of noise is higher the permissible limit for ambient noise level for residential/commercial levels but will occur only intermittently and temporary. This noise level will attenuate fast with increase in distance from noise source. Impact due to noise during construction activities will be minimal to inhabitants since most of the built-up areas are located at safer distance from the road. 57

However, there are few noise sensitive locations especially schools close to the alignment (Table 5.1)

Table 5.1 : List of Noise-Sensitive Locations along the Alignment Offset from Chainage S. No. Village District Feature Side the edge of (km) the road(m) Agar - Barod - Rajasthan border 1 17.30 Sudvas Shajapur Temple Left 6.90 Alot to Jawra 1 47.90 Alot Town Ratlam Dargah Left 5.40 2 47.70 Alot Town Ratlam Park Left 3.00 3 47.30 Alot Town Ratlam School Left 4.00 4 45.55 Alot Town Ratlam Temple Left 8.40 5 45.50 Alot Town Ratlam Temple Left 4.00 6 37.10 Bhutiya Ratlam Temple Left 8.90 7 31.20 Tal Town Ratlam Temple Right 7.20 8 26.60 Tal Town Ratlam Temple Left 6.40 9 19.70 Mindli Ratlam Temple Left 9.70 10 17.10 Mindlii Ratlam Temple Left 2.70 11 14.80 Hatpipaliy Ratlam Mosque Right 7.70 12 11.10 Sinduriya Ratlam Temple Right 8.30 13 0.80 Jawra Ratlam Mosque Left 8.90 Source: DPR Mitigation Measures 165. Vehicles and equipments should be fitted with silencers and maintained well. The workers shall be provided with personal protection devices such as earplugs and earmuffs. Tree plantation shall be started along with the construction activities. Noise and vibration monitoring shall be carried out as per the suggested monitoring plan. The construction equipments/machinery (stationary) shall be placed away from habitat areas Operation Phase 166. During the operational phase, movement of traffic will be the prime source of noise. Traffic congestion and pedestrian interferences increase the use of horns. This may result in increase noise levels at commercial areas, nearby schools and religious places. Mitigation Measures

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167. Effective traffic management and good riding conditions shall be maintained to reduce the noise level throughout the stretch and speed limitation and honking restrictions may be enforced near sensitive locations especially at Islamnagar (Ch. 59.5), Alot (Ch. 44.5). Multilayer trees shall be planted close to the sensitive locations. 5.1.5. Impact on Land and Soil 5.1.5.1 Loss of Productive Soil and Change in Land use Design and Construction Phase 168. No land use will change due to the project since required ROW is available throughout the alignment. Land use though will change temporarily of construction camp areas and for the period of construction. This will also result in loss of soil productivity. 169. Land use may also change due to borrowing the earth. Land will also loose its productivity if top soil is not preserved. Mitigation Measures 170. It shall be ensured that the land taken on lease for access road and construction camp is restored back to its original land use before handing it over back to land owner. 171. The top soil from the productive land (borrow areas, road widening areas etc.) shall be preserved and reused for plantation purposes. It shall also be used as top cover of embankment slope for growing vegetation to protect soil erosion. Operation Phase 172. The better access can lead to conversion of agriculture land for residential and commercial purposes close to roads and especially in rural and urban area. This may result in loss of productive land and agricultural produce. Mitigation Measures 173. The EA may explore the feasibility of restricting about 50 m area on either side of the road as no development zone on the line restriction is imposed for National Highways in India. 5.1.5.2 Soil Erosion Design and Construction Phase 174. Soil erosion may take place along steep and uncompacted embankment slope, and wherever vegetation is cleared. Soil erosion may have cumulative effect viz. siltation, embankment damage, drainage problem etc. Loss of soil due to run off from earth stock-piles may also lead to siltation. The intensity of soil erosion at different locations will be influenced by the lithology, topography, soil type and climatic condition (mainly rainfall) and drainage pattern.

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Mitigation Measures 175. Bank protection measures shall be taken at erosion prone areas. The protection measures may include use of geo-textiles matting. Provision of side drain shall be made to guide the water to natural outfalls. Stone pitching shall be carried out wherever necessary. When soil is spread on slopes for permanent disposal, it shall be buttressed at the toe by retaining walls. Side slopes of the embankment shall not be steeper than 2H:1V. Turfing/bio-turfing of embankment and slopes shall be done along the stretch. IRC: 56-1974 recommended practice for treatment of embankment slopes for erosion control shall be taken into consideration. Soil erosion shall be visually checked on slopes and high embankment areas. In case soil erosion is found, suitable measures shall be taken to control the soil erosion. 176. Though terrain is flat all through the stretch, except at few locations where it is rolling terrain. Therefore, all steep cuts shall be flattened and benched. Retaining wall on both sides shall be provided. Shrubs shall be planted in loose soil area. Operation Phase 177. Soil of steep slopes of embankment and near bridge approaches may erode the embankment formation due to unexpected rainfall. Soil erosion condition may arise if borrow areas are not stabilized/restored properly. Regular monitoring for effectiveness of soil erosion measures (turfing, stone pitching, etc.) shall form part of the environmental monitoring during project operation). Suitable strengthening measures shall be taken to prevent reoccurrence of soil erosion at existing erosion prone locations and prevent them at newer locations. 5.1.5.3 Borrow Areas and Quarries Design and Construction Phase 178. The project area is generally having a flat terrain with some portion under rolling terrain, particularly between Agar-Barod section. Farmers were ready to provide earth from their field up to certain depth on adequate compensation, based on agreements between them and the respective contractor. 179. Borrow areas if left un-rehabilitated may pose risk to people, particularly children and animals of accidentally falling into it as well as become potential breeding ground for mosquitoes and vector born disease. 180. Illegal quarrying may lead to unstable soil condition; destroy the landscape of the terrain, air and noise pollution. Opening of new quarries is not envisaged due to the proposed project. Quarry material will be sourced from existing nearby quarries. Mitigation Measures 181. It is recommended that borrowing from agricultural land shall be minimised to the extent possible. Further, no earth shall be borrowed from already low lying areas.

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182. Borrow pits shall be selected from barren land/wasteland to the extent possible. Borrow areas should not be located on cultivable lands except in the situations where land owners desires to level the land. The top soil shall be preserved and depth shall be restricted to the desired level. Borrow areas should be excavated as per the intended end use by the owner. The Indian Road Congress (IRC):10-1961 guideline should be used for selection of borrow pits and amount that can be borrowed 183. The depths in borrow pits should be so regulated that the sides are not be steeper than 25%. To the extent possible, borrow areas shall be sited away from habited areas. Borrow areas shall be levelled with salvaged material or other filling materials which do not pose contamination of soil. Else, it shall be converted into intended use as per the requirement of land owner/community. The borrow area shall be located/ rehabilitated as per the guidelines given at Appendix 5.1 5.1.5.4 Compaction and Contamination of Soil Design and Construction Phase 184. Soil in the adjoining productive lands beyond the ROW, haulage roads, and construction camp area may be compacted due to movement of construction vehicles, machineries, equipments and due to siting of construction camps and workshops. 185. Soil may get contaminated due to inappropriate disposal of liquid waste, (lubricating oil and fuel spills, waste oil and lubricant and vehicle/equipment washing effluent) and solid waste (fuel filters, oily rags) likely to be generated from repair and maintenance of transport vehicles, construction equipment and machinery. Soil may get contaminated due to inappropriate disposal of domestic solid waste and sewage from construction camps. Mitigation Measures 186. To prevent soil compaction in the adjoining productive lands beyond the ROW, the movement of construction vehicles, machinery and equipment shall be restricted to the designated haulage route. The productive land shall be reclaimed after construction activity. Septic tank or mobile toilets fitted with anaerobic treatment facility shall be provided at construction camp. Domestic solid waste at construction camp shall be segregated into bio-degradable and non-biodegradable waste. The non- biodegradable and recyclable waste shall be sold off. Efforts shall be made that bio-degradable waste shall be composted in the mechanised and movable composter by the contractor. Non biodegradable and non saleable waste shall be disposed off to authorised land fill site. If land fill site not available then burial of the waste in a secured manner shall be ensured. 187. Fuel and lubricants shall be stored at the predefined storage location. The storage area shall be paved with gentle slope to a corner and connected with a chamber to collect any spills of the oils. All efforts shall be made to minimise the waste generation. Unavoidable waste shall be stored at the designated place prior to disposal. To avoid soil contamination at the wash-down and re-fuelling areas, “oil interceptors” shall be provided. Oil 61

and grease spill and oil soaked materials are to be collected and stored in labelled containers (Labelled: WASTE OIL; and hazardous sign be displayed) and sold off to SPCB/ MoEF authorized re-refiners. Operation Stage 188. No impact on soil is anticipated during operation phase of the project except along slope lying areas and near bridge approaches where unexpected rainfall may erode the embankment formation and deterioration of borrow areas if not rehabilitated properly. Mitigation measures 189. Erosion prone areas shall be visually checked periodically for any erosion and appropriate corrective action shall be taken if any erosion is identified. Regular monitoring of side drains and cross drainage structures to check blockade situation. 5.1.6. Groundwater Design and Construction Stage 190. Water will be mainly required for compaction of formation and domestic purposes in the workers camp. These requirements will be mainly sourced from groundwater (approximately 500 KL per day). However, the regions- Alot and Jaora are categorised as Over Exploited area while Barod and Agar are Critical and Semi-Critical as per the classification by Central Ground Water Authority. Any uncontrolled abstraction can deteriorate the situation. Contamination of groundwater is not envisaged since all construction camps will have septic tanks or mobile toilets depending on the number of workers in each camp. Mitigation Measures 191. Requisite permission shall be obtained for abstraction of groundwater from State Ground Water Board/Central Ground Water Authority. 192. The contractor shall make arrangements for water required during construction in such a way that the water availability and supply to nearby communities remains unaffected depending on site specific conditions. 193. Water intensive activities shall not be undertaken during summer period to the extent feasible. 194. Provision shall be made to link side drains with the nearby ponds for facilitating water harvesting. Where ponds are not available, the water harvesting pits shall be constructed as per the requirement and rainfall intensity. Operation Stage 195. No impact is anticipated on groundwater due to the project during operation phase, hence, no specific mitigation is proposed. 5.1.7. Siltation and Surface Water Quality of Rivers and Other Water Bodies Design and Construction Stage 196. The project section is being crossed by Chambal, Shipra, Kachal and ChotiKali Sindh Rivers which dry up during non-monsoon period. Hence,

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no impact is envisaged on surface water bodies in the project section. Minimal impacts are anticipated on new water harvesting ponds that maybe formed from borrow areas. 197. Since most of the major water bodies are seasonal in nature, siltation impact due to bridge rehabilitation works will be negligible, if construction debris/other waste are cleared immediately after construction. The temporary pollution of water bodies from spillage of chemicals and oil at construction sites and waste from construction camps may occur. Soil erosion has direct bearing on siltation. The siltation likely to be caused due to bank erosion has already been addressed above in soil erosion section. 198. Accidental oil and chemicals spills can contaminate the water. Mitigation Measure 199. Siltation Issues: Required mitigation as suggested in soil erosion section shall be taken into consideration. Bridge rehabilitation activity is recommended during non-monsoon (mid-September to mid-June) period. Silt fencing and/or brush barrier shall be installed for collecting sediments before letting them into the water body. Silt/sediment should be collected and stockpiled for possible reuse as surfacing of slopes where they have to be re-vegetated. Chute drains shall be provided to drain surface runoff and prevent erosion from slopes. 200. Fuel and Lubricant Spillage Issue: All equipment operators, drivers, and warehouse personnel will be trained in immediate response for spill containment and eventual cleanup. No vehicles or equipment should be parked or refuelled near water-bodies, so as to avoid contamination from fuel and lubricants. All chemicals and oil shall be stored away from water and concreted platform with catchment pit for spills collection.The emergency response procedures including reporting, preferably written in the local language and simple to understand shall be provided by the contractors. The slopes of embankments leading to water bodies should be modified and re-channelised to prevent entry of contaminants. Large construction camps shall be avoided along the alignment and located away from habitation and water bodies. 201. Waste Disposal Issues: All wastes arising from the construction should be disposed in an environmentally accepted manner so as not to block the flow of water in the channels. The wastes should be collected, stored and transported to the approved disposal sites. Construction labourers shall be preferable from local population. Sewage from labour camps will be treated through septic tanks. No untreated sanitary wastewater shall be discharged into surface water bodies. Operation Stage 202. No major or long-term impact is anticipated during the operation phase on the surface water bodies due to the project implementation activities. Oil- contaminated runoff from the road during monsoon will have minimal impacts considering their low concentration. However, regular visual checks shall be made to observe any incidence of blockade of drains. 63

Regular checks shall be made for soil erosion and turfing conditions of river training structures for its effective maintenance. 5.1.8. Hydrology and Drainage Design and Construction Stage 203. The activities involved with proposed road development will be carried out along with existing alignment. No new bridge is proposed to be constructed. Existing bridges/cross drainage structures are only to be improved. Diversion of water channels during rehabilitation of cross drainage structures is not envisaged. Mitigation Measures 204. Elaborate drainage system shall be provided to drain the storm water from the roadway and embankment and to ensure minimum disturbance to natural drainage of surface and subsurface water of the area. The design of drainage system such as surface and sub-surface drainage shall be carried out as per IRC: SP: 42 and IRC: SP: 50. Surface runoff from the main highway, embankment slopes and the service roads shall be discharged through longitudinal drains, designed for adequate cross section, bed slopes, invert levels and the outfalls. If necessary, the walls of the drains shall be designed to retain the adjoining earth. IRC: 34- 1970: Recommendations for road construction in waterlogged area and IRC: 75 and MOSRTH guidelines for Design of High Embankments shall be referred. 205. Provision of additional cross drainage structure shall be made in the areas where nearby land is sloping towards road alignment in both the both sides.

Plate 1: Ch. 86.7 (Near Barod) Plate 2: Ch. 76.4 (Near Tal Town)

Operation Stage 206. Water accumulation incidence may occur due to inadequate availability of cross drainage structure or clogging of cross drainage structures. Mitigation Measures 207. Regular removal/cleaning of deposited silt shall be done from drainage channels and outlet points before the monsoon season. Rejuvenation of

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the drainage system by removing encroachments/ congestions will be regularly conducted. 5.2. Impact on Biological Environment 5.2.1. Terrestrial Ecology 208. It is estimated that about 144 trees are likely to be cut in the project section due to the proposed road improvement work. The impact and mitigation due to tree cutting has been discussed in following paragraphs. Design and Construction Stage 209. One month before the construction starts, clearing and grubbing will be performed by the contractor. All trees within the ROW with 300 mm diameter at 1 m above the ground will be cut, including the removal of stumps. All stumps and roots of trees of girth more than 33 mm at above 1 m from the ground level will be culled. 210. There are altogether 144 trees likely to be affected due to the project. Most of the roadside trees are non-fruit bearing in nature. The list of trees that will be cut is given in Table 5.2. The cutting of trees will have minor to negligible impact on local environment. Moreover, this will be temporary since large number of trees have been planned to be planted on both sides of the road. This will improve the local climatic conditions in long term.

Table 5.2 List of Trees to be Cut 65

S. Proposed Side Offset from No. Chainage Centreline (km) (m) Agar-Barod junction (0.000 km to 25.773 km) 1 2.140 Left 3.7 2 4.100 Left 6.9 3 4.270 Right 4.5 4 16.870 Left 5.0 5 17.290 Left 4.4 6 21.050 Right 4.8 Barod jn-Ratlam district border (km 25.773 to km 39.980) 7 26.070 Left 4.5 8 28.840 Left 6.7 9 28.900 Left 6.0 10 29.620 Left 5.3 11 29.630 Left 5.5 12 29.630 Right 6.0 13 29.650 Right 5.8 14 29.670 Right 6.2 15 29.690 Left 5.5 16 29.740 Right 4.4 17 29.950 Right 3.0 18 29.990 Right 3.1 19 30.620 Right 6.5 20 30.950 Right 5.8 21 30.970 Right 4.2 22 31.070 Right 4.3 23 31.080 Left 4.5 24 31.120 Left 4.4 25 31.130 Right 6.2 26 31.140 Right 4.3 27 31.150 Left 4.6 28 31.170 Left 6.7 29 31.980 Left 5.6 30 32.070 Right 3.5 31 32.200 Right 3.7 32 32.300 Left 5.4 33 32.320 Left 5.5 34 33.660 Left 4.2 35 34.000 Right 5.3 Ratlam district border-Alot (km 39.980 to km 52.870) 36 40.790 Right 3.5 37 42.760 Left 4.9 38 42.770 Right 6.6 39 43.750 Left 4.7 40 45.250 Left 7.8 41 46.990 Right 7.2 42 47.760 Left 4.1 43 47.860 Right 3.5 44 47.880 Right 3.3 45 48.780 Left 4.8

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S. Proposed Side Offset from No. Chainage Centreline (km) (m) 46 49.060 Right 5.0 47 49.400 Left 3.9 48 51.230 Left 5.0 Alot - Jawra (km 52.870 to km 100.740) 49 52.700 Left 2.0 50 53.050 Right 2.2 51 53.520 Left 6.1 52 53.530 Right 6.3 53 53.540 Left 6.8 54 53.550 Right 4.6 55 53.600 Right 6.9 56 53.610 Right 6.5 57 53.680 Right 7.5 58 53.720 Right 7.0 59 57.550 Right 7.3 60 58.000 Right 6.0 61 58.000 Right 5.8 62 59.850 Left 7.3 63 59.900 Left 5.8 64 59.920 Left 6.8 65 60.060 Right 7.3 66 60.100 Left 5.8 67 60.100 Left 6.5 68 60.150 Right 6.5 69 60.150 Left 6.2 70 60.300 Right 4.5 71 60.300 Left 5.8 72 61.400 Left 6.2 73 61.500 Left 6.0 74 61.700 Left 7.4 75 62.550 Left 4.9 76 62.840 Right 6.7 77 62.860 Right 7.5 78 62.870 Right 6.8 79 62.900 Left 6.5 80 63.250 Right 5.6 81 63.300 Right 4.5 82 66.620 Right 8.0 83 67.000 Right 7.2 84 67.050 Right 6.0 85 67.150 Right 6.9 86 69.600 Right 4.6 87 70.350 Right 7.2 88 70.650 Right 5.5 89 70.950 Left 6.5 90 71.000 Right 5.0 91 71.560 Right 5.4 92 71.570 Right 4.0 93 71.580 Right 3.5 94 71.600 Right 2.5 95 71.770 Right 3.5 67

S. Proposed Side Offset from No. Chainage Centreline (km) (m) 96 71.780 Right 5.9 97 71.850 Right 6.0 98 72.150 Right 7.8 99 72.200 Right 6.0 100 72.750 Left 5.2 101 74.450 Left 7.0 102 74.700 Left 8.0 103 74.750 Left 6.0 104 74.800 Left 7.0 105 75.100 Left 6.8 106 75.150 Right 8.0 107 77.500 Right 5.0 108 80.800 Left 4.1 109 81.620 Left 8.0 110 81.640 Left 5.6 111 81.660 Left 4.6 112 82.300 Right 7.2 113 82.350 Right 5.1 114 83.300 Left 5.3 115 83.350 Right 3.2 116 90.850 Left 6.2 117 91.150 Right 5.4 118 91.400 Right 7.4 119 91.580 Left 5.7 120 91.600 Left 7.2 121 97.200 Right 5.7 122 99.850 Left 7.8 123 99.920 Left 5.8 124 99.920 Left 5.9 125 99.930 Left 7.1 126 99.940 Left 7.5 127 99.950 Right 6.8 128 99.950 Right 6.3 129 99.960 Right 6.2 130 99.970 Right 5.7 131 99.970 Right 5.8 Barod junction-Rajasthan Border (km 0.00 to km 8.0) 132 0.190 Left 7.1 133 0.270 Left 8.0 134 0.310 Left 7.5 135 0.530 Left 6.5 136 0.530 Left 8.0 137 1.030 Left 7.0 138 1.040 Right 7.7 139 3.160 Left 4.6 140 4.240 Right 5.8 141 5.300 Right 4.5 142 6.320 Right 5.8 143 7.500 Right 6.0 144 8.000 Right 4.6

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Source: DPR and Strip Mapping Mitigation Measures 211. Requisite permission from forest department shall be obtained for cutting of roadside trees. 212. The project envisages plantation of approximately 1008 trees along both sides of road as per IRC SP: 21 specifications as part of providing the compensatory plantation on 1:7 basis. Besides, additional plantation shall be done on river banks near bridge sites to enhance the aesthetics and check soil erosion. All tree plantations will be carried out in close consultation with forest department. 213. A range of 10-15 m centre-to-centre is recommended for spacing of trees (parallel to the road). Setback distance of trees in different situations shall be based on IRC: SP: 21 and IRC: 66. The distance between the kerb, if any, and the nearest edge of tree trunk shall be at least 2 m. The plantation in median shall comprise shrubs whose height would normally not exceed 1-1.5 m and shall be as per IRC SP: 21. 214. For safe traffic operation, vertical clearance between the crown of the carriageway and lowest part of overhang of the tree available across the roadway shall conform to the standards laid down in IRC: SP: 21. The pit size, fencing, watering, and manuring requirements shall also conform to the above standard. Excess use of pesticides shall be restricted. Planting shall be such that it does not obstruct the visibility of traffic from any side and shall be pleasing in appearance. Operation Stage 215. Positive impacts on terrestrial ecology are expected during the project operation due to the increase in vegetation and landscaping along the state highway. The Project will coordinate with the local communities to maintain and enhance the trees planted along the state road. ”No adverse impact is anticipated during operation stage except accidental damages or absence of proper tree management“. 216. No direct impact is anticipated during operation stage except accidental damages or absence of proper tree management. Mitigation Measures 217. Arrangement shall be made to ensure survivability of the tree plantation. The Social Forest Department or Divisional Forest Offices shall be consulted or involved in this programme. The tree survivability audit shall also be conducted at least once in a year to assess the effectiveness of the programme. 5.2.2. Aquatic Ecology Design and Construction Stage 218. Large scale/organised fishing was not observed in the rivers/water bodies of the project area. All water bodies are seasonal in nature 69

219. Improvement of existing embankments particularly along the waterways will increase silt while accidental spill of materials, chemicals, and fuels will deteriorate receiving water quality. Mitigation Measures 220. Siltation shall be avoided by measures suggested in Para 179. Operation Stage 221. No impact is envisaged during operation phase of the project and hence no mitigation proposed. However, periodic surveillance shall be conducted to check erosion and siltation in major water bodies. 5.2.3. Fauna Design and Construction Stage 222. Movement of herbivores like Cattle, Goats, Cows, Bulls etc., have been observed in the project section. Mitigation measures 223. Disturbance to these animals will be avoided to the extent possible by restricting the construction time from 6 am – 6 pm. No food and waste littering will be ensured to disturb their natural habitat. 224. All precautions will be taken to minimise noise in these areas. Operation Stage 225. Movement of herbivores like Cattle, Goats, Cows, Bulls. Mitigation measures 226. Disturbance to these animals will be avoided to the extent possible. No food and waste littering will be ensured to disturb their natural habitat. 227. All precautions will be taken to minimise noise in these areas. 5.3. Management of Construction Debris/Waste 228. Quarry dust and unused iron bars or damaged support structures constitute significant wastes. Mitigation for solid waste from construction camp has been given in construction camp section. Mitigation measures 229. The existing bitumen surface can be utilized for paving of crossroads, access roads, and paving works in construction sites and camps, temporary traffic diversions, haulage routes etc. 230. All excavated materials from roadway, shoulders, verges, drains, cross drainage will be used for backfilling embankments, filling pits, and landscaping. 231. Unusable debris material should be suitably disposed off at pre- designated disposal locations, with approval of the concerned authority. The bituminous wastes shall be disposed in secure landfill sites only in environmentally accepted manner. For removal of debris, wastes and its disposal MOSRTH guidelines should be followed.

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232. Unusable and surplus materials, as determined by the Project Engineer, will be removed and disposed off-site. 233. The locations of dumping sites should be selected with following considerations. 234. Unproductive/wastelands shall be selected for dumping sites. 235. Away from residential areas and located at least 1000 m downwind side of these locations, 236. Dumping sites do not contaminate any water sources, rivers etc, and 237. Dumping sites have adequate capacity equal to the amount of debris generated. 238. Public perception and consent from the village Panchayats about the location of debris disposal site has to be obtained before finalizing the location. 239. Form works will be re-used to the extent possible, more than 20 times as dictated by good practice. All stripped formworks will be examined for any damage and rectified in the workshop for re-use. Rectification includes plugging holes, and straightening bent steel props. 5.4. Socio-Economic Impact 240. Assessment of project impact on socio-economic conditions point to the conclusions that positive benefits are many fold compared to its adverse impact. 5.4.1. Positive Impacts 241. Road-side economic activities will increase due to increased number of vehicle using the road. Economic activities supporting transport like gasoline stations, automotive repair shops, lodging, and restaurants are expected to increase. Increase agro-industrial activities are also expected to take advantage of improved access to urban centres where there are higher demands and better prices for agricultural products. Other generic benefits of such projects are (i) Reduction in travel time (ii) better mode and frequency of transport (iii) access to quality heath care facilities, educational and other infrastructural facilities (iv) enhanced tourism activities in the area and state which in many terms will boost the local economy (v) better investment climate for industries creating more employment opportunities to local people. 5.4.2. Anticipated Negative Impacts 242. Minor losses like problems in accessibility and community linkage, health and safety during and after construction, and temporary change in demographic configuration are mitigable with minor to negligible residual impacts. 5.4.2.1 Impacts due to Construction Camp and Immigration of Workers 243. Poor siting and improper management of construction camp may lead to several adverse impacts on environment viz. (i) loss of vegetation due to use of wood as fuel source for cooking (ii) deterioration in nearby surface water bodies’ quality (iii) compaction and contamination of soil due to 71

uncontrolled disposal of solid waste (iv) Poor sanitation may result to transmission of communicable diseases among the workers and the host communities. This include the possible spread of sexually transmitted disease, diseases from improper handling and supply of foodstuffs, poor water supply, insect-borne diseases, and alcoholic and drug. Mitigation measures 244. Construction camp shall be sited at such locations so as to utilise the existing infrastructure. No productive land should be utilised for construction camp. All sites must be graded, ditched and rendered free from depressions to avoid water stagnation and necessary provisions for adequate drainage must be made. Accommodation and ancillary facilities including recreational facility for workers shall be erected and maintained to standards and scales approved by the resident engineer. All camps should maintain minimum distance of 500 m from habitation and water bodies. 245. All construction camps shall be provided with sanitary latrines and urinals with provision of septic tanks attached with soak pits. Storm water drains shall be provided for the flow of used water outside the camp. Drains and ditches shall be treated with bleaching powder on a regular basis. Garbage bins must be provided in the camp and regularly emptied and disposed off in a hygienic manner. The possibility of using LPG cylinders as fuel source for cooking to avoid any tree cutting should be explored. 246. At every workplace, the Contactor will ensure, in collaboration with local health authorities that a readily available first-aid unit including an adequate supply of sterilized dressing materials and appliances shall be provided. Workplaces remote and far away from regular hospitals shall have indoor health units with one bed for every 250 workers. 247. The Contractor will ensure the good health and hygiene of all workers to prevent sickness and epidemics. These include the HIV/AIDS prevention program to reduce the risk and transfer of HIV virus between and among the workers and community, promote early diagnosis and assist affected individuals. Activities under the program include monthly information, education, and consultation communication campaigns to workers, drivers, delivery crew, and communities on the risk, dangers, and impacts of STD and HIV/AIDS. 248. The Contractor will ensure that sufficient supply of suitable and hygienically prepared food at reasonable price is available to the workers. 249. The Contractor will provide adequate and safe water supply for the use of the workers. 250. The Contractor will ensure that all precautions to protect the workers from insect and pest to reduce the risk to health. This includes the use of insecticides which should comply with local regulations. 251. No alcoholic liquor or prohibited drugs will be imported to, sell, give, and barter to the workers of host community. 252. Migrant workers may be the potential carriers of various diseases. Local community may get exposed to the diseases carried by migrant workers.

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Regular health check-up and immunization camps shall also be organized for the workers and nearby population. 5.4.2.2 Safety of Construction Workers and Accident Risk to Local Community Design and Construction Stage 253. The following safety aspects viz. (i) safety of construction workers, (ii) safety of road users including pedestrians and cyclists (iii) safety to cattle; (iv) safety of local community (iv) unsafe/ hazardous traffic conditions due to construction vehicle movement need to be considered during design and construction stage and (v) conduct of safety audit. Mitigation measures 254. During the construction phase, contractors shall be required to adopt and maintain safe working practices. Internationally accepted and widely used safety procedures should be followed during (i) road works (ii) handling of large construction equipment and machineries, (iii) handling of chemicals and hazardous materials and inflammable substances (iii) welding (iv) electrical works etc. A set of mitigation measures for construction workers have been provided in EMP matrix table. 255. Contractor shall arrange all PPEs for workers, first-aid and fire fighting equipments at construction sites. An emergency plan shall be prepared duly approved by engineer in charge to respond to any instance of safety hazard. The contractor will be required to appoint an Accident Prevention Officer (APO) who will conduct regular safety inspections at construction sites. The APO will have the authority to issue instructions and take protective measures to prevent accidents. 256. The partial control on access for the project road shall be achieved through measures like service road with physical separation for local traffic, intersections, acceleration/deceleration lanes, vehicular and pedestrian underpasses, median openings with shelter lane. 257. Grade separated intersections/junctions shall be provided at all major intersections in consistent to IRC: 92 258. Pedestrian/cyclist and cattle passageways shall be provided near identified locations. These facilities shall be planned in accordance with the relevant provisions contained in IRC-11, IRC-17 and IRC-103. The crossing facilities can be designed either in conjunction with grade intersections or through underpasses. 259. To avoid disruption of the existing traffic due to construction activities, comprehensive traffic management plan shall be drawn up by the concessionaire. Traffic in construction zones shall be managed as per the provisions of IRC SP 55. 260. After construction is completed in a particular zone, it shall be opened for normal operation. All diversions/access roads should be closed before start of normal operation. 261. Use of retro-reflectorized traffic signs, and cantilever/gantry types overhead signs, thermoplastic road marking paints, delineators, traffic cones, empty bitumen drums, barricades, and flagmen will be used to 73

ensure traffic management and safety. Conduct of regular safety audit on safety measures adopted during construction. The audit will cover manpower and their safety, machinery, temporary works, equipment and vehicles, materials storage and handling, construction procedures, environment, site safety guidelines, and miscellaneous services. Operation phase 262. Important issues related with safety during operational phase are monitoring of emergencies and establishing procedures to carry out rescues during sudden disasters such as floods, fires especially near habited areas. Mitigation Measures 263. It is proposed to explore the feasibility of providing the following facilities: . Highway patrol unit(s) for round the clock patrolling to provide assistance to the users in case of any need, monitor the travel conditions to provide information to the control section and to undertake immediate measures for managing the traffic flow in case of any incident. . Phone booths for accidental reporting and ambulance services with minimum response time for rescue of any accident victims. . Tow-away facility for the break down vehicles. 264. MPRDC may also explore the possibility of coordination with operating agency of intersecting National Highways to have common facilities and share the costs as appropriate. 5.4.3. Obstruction and Disruption of Traffic Construction Phase 265. Disruption of access to infrastructure or social resource due to construction activity will cause nuisance and to a certain extent additional cost to the public in terms of longer travel period due to diversion or heavier traffic. It will also pose risk of accident to motorist at night if these blockages and disruption are not clearly demarcated. Mitigation Measures 266. The contractor will submit a Traffic Plan to the Project Engineer at least two weeks before the construction starts that will result to obstruction. The plan will include a drawing of temporary diversions and details of arrangement. It will also include plan for transportation of raw materials like quarry, sand etc. A section of the Traffic Plan will be a Control Plan that details how the safety of the pedestrians and workers and delineation of the roadway at night. This plan will recommend for approval of safe and convenient temporary diversion of traffic during construction, design of barricades, delineators, signs, markings, lights, and flagmen, among others. 267. Paved shoulder will be provided on one side of the existing road by the contractor with the following minimum requirements: • At least one 3.5 m lane to remain to traffic at all times

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• The surface used by the through traffic will be firm bituminous compacted surface free of defect • The maximum continuous length over which construction under traffic may take place is limited to 750 meters. • Construction activity will be restricted to only one side of the existing road. 268. On stretches where it is not possible to pass the traffic on the part width of existing carriageway, temporary paved diversions will be constructed. These paved diversions will comply with standards on junctions and temporary cross drainage. 269. Transportation of quarry material to the construction sites through heavy vehicles shall be done through existing major roads to the extent possible. This will restrict wear and tear to the village/minor roads. Small vehicles/un-motorised vehicle can also be used for its further transportation to the construction sites from temporary storage areas. 5.4.4. Transportation and Storage of Materials 270. The construction material primarily will consist off aggregate, sand, cement, bitumen, lubricating oil and fuel for vehicle and construction equipments. These will be stored temporarily at construction camps. Oils, fuels and chemicals will be stored on concreted platform with spill collection pits while cement will be stored under cover. All these temporary storage areas will be located at least 150 m away from the habitat areas. The likely impacts due to transportation and storage including fugitive emission have already been covered under different section above. 5.4.4.1 Impact on Land and Private Properties 271. The assessment made by the resettlement expert shall be referred for exact loss of private properties and measures to compensate such losses. Environmental screening of resettlement sites, if required for the project, shall be carried out. Besides monetary compensation for any loss of private trees, compensatory afforestation and extensive plantation has been incorporated in the EMP to have long-term environmental benefits. 272. Income restoration measures/livelihood options for vulnerable group/resource poor sections and other affected persons as recommended by social development/resettlement expert shall be implemented. 5.4.4.2 Impact on Common Property Resources 273. There are various types of community structures/ facilities/utilities along the proposed alignment. Geometric adjustments have been made to minimize the loss to any such facilities. Any such structures even falling within ROW but out of required formation width shall be saved. Alternate access has to be provided to these structures during construction stage. No community structures are likely to be dismantled/relocated. The impact on other community properties has been provided at Table 5.2. 75

Table 5.3 : Common Property Resources Along the Alignment Offset from edge of S. No. Chainage, Km. Type of Properties Side road (m) Agar - Barod - Rajasthan border 1 0.15 Temple Left 14 2 6.75 Temple Left 32 3 9.30 Bus Shelter Right 24 4 15.40 Bus Shelter Left 12 5 17.30 Temple Left 7 6 17.40 Bus Shelter Left 6 7 24.20 Bus Shelter Right 7 8 24.70 Petrol Pump Left 13 9 27.75 Temple Right 38 10 28.20 Temple Left 15 11 28.30 School Right 41 12 29.05 Temple Left 20 13 30.10 Bus Shelter Right 12 Barod to Alot 14 4.48 Temple Right 14 15 5.43 Temple Right 14 16 9.03 Temple Left 36 17 12.33 Temple Right 47 18 13.00 Bus shelter Left 5 19 10.80 Temple Left 16 20 5.75 Bus shelter Right 9 Alot to Jawra 21 47.90 Dargah Left 5 22 47.70 Park Left 3 23 47.30 School Left 4 24 45.72 Bus Shelter Left 5 25 45.55 Temple Left 8 26 45.50 Temple Left 4 27 45.35 ATM Left 9 28 40.70 Bus Shelter Right 10 29 39.00 Bus Shelter Left 11 30 37.10 Temple Left 9 31 36.80 Bus Shelter Right 13 32 31.20 Temple Right 7 33 30.40 Petrol Pump Right 10 34 29.80 Petrol Pump Right 13 35 29.50 Petrol Pump Left 10 36 26.60 Temple Left 6 37 24.10 Bus Shelter Left 6 38 22.20 Temple Wall Left 15

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Offset from edge of S. No. Chainage, Km. Type of Properties Side road (m) 39 22.00 Bus Shelter Left 13 40 19.70 Temple Left 10 41 19.20 Temple Left 11 42 17.10 Temple Left 3 43 16.95 Temple Left 11 44 16.20 Bus Shelter Left 11 45 14.95 Petrol Pump Right 10 46 14.80 Mosque Right 8 47 11.10 Temple Right 8 48 10.50 Temple Left 11 49 10.40 Bus Shelter Left 10 50 10.20 Temple Left 10 51 8.50 Bus Shelter Left 8 52 7.80 Bus Shelter Left 12 53 6.90 Bus Shelter Left 9 54 5.80 Bus Shelter Right 7 55 5.20 Bus Shelter Right 5 56 4.30 Bus Shelter Left 6 57 1.80 Bus Shelter Left 5 58 0.80 Mosque Left 9 Source: DPR 5.5. Cumulative and Induced Impact 274. Cumulative Impact: The area along the present road section SH-41 is developing. The road already exists and proposed project will facilitate the pace of development. Some of the cumulative impacts will be deterioration in the air and noise quality especially at the congested locations like Ringnod, Taanda, Bagh on SH-35 and Gopalpur, Jeerabad and Amjhera due to increased traffic. The ancillary development activity due to the improved road conditions will further put pressure on agricultural lands and vegetated areas such as Kanjrota, Bheelkhedi, Ambasoti, Lunhera, Borjeeri, Dedli. However, these activities will be slow and impacts are expected to be minimal. 275. The project is expected to improve long time water flooding, soil erosion conditions especially near Shipra, Kalisindh and Kanchal Rivers and at other drains due to additional culverts and over-toppings. The higher amount of compensatory afforestation (1:7) will increase the aesthetics along the ROW and help in countering the polluting the air. The improved accessibility will also result in increased industrial and commercial developments especially near Agar, Piplon, Barod, Ramkhedi, Islamnagar, Jawra etc. The net impacts are expected to be more positive. 276. Induced Impact - The induced impact from the project will be mainly due to the related developmental activities and improved infrastructural development like building construction and commercial establishment. 77

This is likely to result in net positive impact due to overall social development

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6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 6.1. Consultation Method and Information Disclosed 277. Consultations were held during different stages of the preparation of IEE. To address the key environmental issues, consultations at various levels with local people and government departments were conducted to arrive at socially and technically accepted solutions. A comprehensive consultation with all stakeholders was conducted at the project section. 278. Stakeholder’s consultations were held with the intent to understand their concerns, apprehensions, overall opinion and solicit recommendations to improve project design. Informal meetings, interviews were organized covering the entire project stretch. The informal consultation generally started with explaining the sub projects, followed by an explanation to potential impacts. Participant’s views were gathered with regard to loss of agricultural land, effect on air and noise quality of the area due to traffic, water availability, accident and risk. 279. The discussions were designed to receive maximum inputs from the participants regarding their acceptability and environmental concerns arising out of the sub-project. They were given the brief outline of the project to which their opinion was sought. Suggestions were also sought for mitigating any potential adverse impact. 6.2. Compliance with Relevant Regulatory Requirements 280. In India, public consultation is mandatory in case of Category A and B1 category projects6 in select conditions. Being category B project as per ADB SPS 2009, consultation was carried out during the early stage of IEE report preparation. The requirement of public consultation during the implementation of the project has been proposed as part of the mitigation plan. 281. Public consultation was undertaken consistent with the ADB requirements. All the five principles of information dissemination, information solicitation, integration, co-ordination and engagement into dialogue were incorporated in the consultation process. A framework of different environmental impacts likely from the project was strengthened and modified based on opinions of all those consulted, especially in the micro level by setting up dialogues with the village people from whom information on site facts and prevailing conditions were collected.

6 As per schedule I of EIA notification number S.O. 1533, dated 14th September 2006. This notification also defines when a public consultation is mandatory. 79

6.2.1. Consultation with Executing Agency 282. Officials of executing agency provided technical information’s about the project. All issues related to effective implementation of EMP, grievance redress mechanism, various clearances/consent and permission required prior to and during implementation were discussed. Mr. Vivek Agarwal and Mr. P.K. Chaturvedi, Managing Director and Deputy General Manager of Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation (MPRDC), expressed their organization’s committment to implement the project in environmentally sustainable way and as per the applicable laws/regulations/guidelines and safeguard requirements of ADB and the country. They also shared about lessons learnt from ongoing project. 6.2.2. Consultation with other Government Departments 283. All relevant government departments/agencies including forest and wildlife, fisheries, pollution control board, water resources, and DRDA were consulted for collection of available information their views/ comments and suggestions about the project. 284. The list of government officials contacted, along with purpose/objective has been summarised in Table 6.1.

Table 6.1 : Summary of Consultation held with various Government Departments S. Name of Official Department Issue discussed No. Consulted PCCF (Working Plan), Status of forest in state, Impacts on 1. Mr. Dubey Forest Department, forest, mitigation options, Satpura Bhavan, Bhopal Environmental friendly forest activities Sr. Scientist, Environmental Issues in the state, legal Madhya Pradesh framework of MoEF and revised EIA 2. Dr. Rita Kauri Pollution Control Board notification 2006, applicable permits & Paryavaran Bhavan, clearances, Impacts of proposed project Bhopal on environment, Scientist, Environmental Issues in the state, legal Madhya Pradesh framework of MoEF and revised EIA 3. Dr. Abhay Saxena Pollution Control Board notification 2006, applicable permits & Paryavaran Bhavan, clearances, Impacts of proposed project Bhopal on environment, Environmental quality in the state and Superintending Engineer major urban centres. Capacity of Mr. Rajesh Madhya Pradesh pollution control board in environmental 4. Srivastava Pollution Control Board management and monitoring Paryavaran Bhavan, requirements of SPCB in the proposed Bhopal project. Dy. Conservator of Status of forest in state, Impacts on 5. Mr. S. P. Sharma Forest, Forest forest, mitigation options, Department, Bhopal Environmental friendly forest activities Conditions of road network in state, scope of road improvement, Managing Director, 6. Mr. Vivek Aggarwal environmental issues related with road MPRDC, Bhopal improvement, capacity enhancement of MPRDC, future plans

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S. Name of Official Department Issue discussed No. Consulted Conditions of road network in state, DGM (Enviornment), scope of road improvement, 7. Mr. Alok Chaturvedi MPRDC, Bhopal environmental issues related with road improvement Conditions of road network in state, scope of road improvement, Mr. Piyush K. environmental issues related with road 8 DGM, MPRDC, Bhopal Chaturvedi improvement, implementation schedule of various activities, organizational setting of MPRDC, Chandan Kumar, Status of forests along the project road, Girija Shankar Forest Guards, Range presence of flora and fauna species in 9. Pandey, Munni Lal, officers, local community the forests, forest boundaries and road Pratap Chaubey – leaders encroachments community leaders

6.2.3. Consultation with NGOs 285. All the NGOs welcome the project. They express concern over afforestation programme. NGOs also demand to pay attention for survival rate of the trees. Awareness camp among the people regarding road safety is also suggested. The outcome of consultation with NGOs is summarised below in Table 6.2.

Table 6.2 : Summary of Consultation with NGOs Name of NGOs Contact Remarks Person BYPASS - Bhopal Yuwa Mr. Akhilesh • Welcomed the project Paryavaran Shikshan Singh Yadav • Raised concerns about the impact on and Samajik Sansthan reserve forests through the project stretch Chunabhatti, • Expressed his concern about use of fodder Bhopal,M.P.-16 from the forest being used during construction phase • Suggested minimal tree cutting and proportional afforestation Ecosake Society for Mr. Kinshuk • Welcomed the project Environment Tiwary • Expressed his desire that adequate Conservation and Social compensation should be provided, as per Awareness the latest R&R policy, to the people Bhopal-16 affected from this project • Desired minimal impacts on forest and other mineral resources in the region from the project • Desired involvement of Local skilled and unskilled labour during construction activities Green Hurt Nature Club Jai Sharma • Welcomed the project M.P. Nagar, Bhopal-11 • Emphasized the need of plantation of local tree species for the roadside plantations. • Raised his concerns on the land filing/borrow activity suggested about 81

Name of NGOs Contact Remarks Person prevention of top soil • Desired the need of awareness/ training program for the contractors and labourers to educate them for environmental issues. Forum for Environmental Dr. R. Mathur • Welcomed the project Protection • Expressed his concern regarding water Gwalior - 474011 logging problem during construction phase at many places. • Raised his concerns about health and safety schemes to be provided to construction labours especially during monsoon period. • Emphasized on the need of identification of sites for disposal of construction debris before the start of civil works. • Wanted banning of old vehicles on these roads by Government to reduce the pollution. Energy Environment and Ajit Kumar • Welcomed the project Development Group Saxena • Raised his concerns about the problem of R-12, II Floor electricity and its role in number of Above Central Color Lab accidents that occurred on this road due to Bhopal - 462003 it. • Enquired about the compensation to be provided to the displaced/affected people. Centre for Envirocare Mahendra • Welcomed the project and Energy Technology Kumar Shukla • Expressed his concerns about the cutting E-7/466 Arera Colony of trees and stressed the need for their Bhopal - 462016 rehabilitation and afforestation. Madhya Pradesh • Suggested the need of increasing the awareness among contractors, labourers and villagers. 6.3. Beneficiaries’ Comments 286. The project has immense acceptability among the local people. They perceived that in addition to providing all weather connectivity, the sub- project road will bring positive socio-economic changes in the area. Local people mainly discussed on issues related to rehabilitation and resettlement and proper vigilance of construction work. They suggested minimising acquisition of agricultural land as much as possible since livelihood of the people is principally dependent on agriculture. 287. Other common demands included issues related with increase in traffic due to improved road conditions. The list of participants, their views, and outcome of the consultations have been summarised in Table 6.3.

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Table 6.3 : Consultation with local community S.No. Village Name of Particpiant Issues and Outcomes 1. Islamna Fakhruddin (resident) . Welcomed the project gar Hakimuddin . Complained about bad road condition which (plumber) plays havoc during monsoon. Zakir Hussain . Expressed their concern on the safety aspect in (resident) the post-project scenario. Shaukat (vendor) . Complained about drainage situation due to Mohd. Rafi which water logging takes place. (shopkeeper) . Complained about the problem associated with a Aziz Bhai electric pole on the project section. (shopkeeper) . Complained about the sewer problem of the Taj Mohammad (auto area. rickshaw driver) . Due to people living adjacent to the road hence Sabir Patel (resident) cautioned that problem related to air pollution will be acute during construction phase of the project. . Informed about the problem of traffic congestion on this stretch due to unavailability of space. 2. Alot . Welcomed the project . Emphasized the need of plantation of local tree species for the roadside plantations. . Complained about the road conditions and informed about the accidents on the road. . Enquired about the land acquisitions and compensations by the Government. . Enquired about the compensation if any agricultural land is affected. . Agreed to provide borrow earth material if suitable paid.

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Plate 1: Discussion with local people at Islamnagar describing the present condition

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7. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND GRIEVANCE REDDRESS MECHANISM 7.1. Environmental Management Plan 1. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is prepared to facilitate effective implementation of recommended mitigations measures with defined roles and responsibility, regulatory compliance requirements, stages of implementation with location, time frame and costs. The mitigation measures are proposed to eliminate or minimise the identified impact associated with design, construction and operation stages of the project, to acceptable level by adopting the most feasible options. 2. The EMP consists of action plans for (i) implementation of recommended mitigation measures, (ii) environment quality monitoring during construction and operation stage to assess the effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed, and (iii) institutional capacity building and training. The EMP is detailed at Appendix 7.1.

7.1.1. Social Development and Indigenous People Development Program (IPDP): 3. A separate Social Impact Assessment study is undertaken and social development programme is addressed as per this study. The involuntary resettlement issue is also addressed under separate study. However, the correlated issues like safety of habitats and workers, protection of common physical cultural resources, safe passage of habitats are addressed under environmental assessment and mitigation plan. 4. Since there is no indigenous population likely to be affected in the project area, IPDP is not envisaged. This has to be confirmed based on the social assessment.

7.1.2. Emergency Response Plan 5. Assessment of nature, type and extent of project activities establishes that accidents on paved roads and consequent spillage can be the more frequent emergency. Other situation includes road overtopping due to heavy flood. It is suggested to develop a communication and response system to minimize the response time. The project authorities shall be prepared to counteract against such emergency either by developing in- house capabilities or by associating with any competent agency. 7.2. Environmental Monitoring Program (EMoP) 6. The environmental monitoring programme is prepared with the aim to monitor the environmental performance of environmental management plan. The EMOP is planned with the focus on following objectives: • To the assess the effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed • To assess the change in environmental quality during construction and operation stage with respect to before the project scenario. • To assess compliance to regulatory requirements 85

• To monitor the status of corrective action taken in case of deviation from the planned measures or regulatory requirements. This will be used as performance indicators for the project. A monitoring plan defining the parameters to be monitored, with sampling locations, frequency of measurements, cost and responsibility for various component of environment is prepared for all stages of project and provided as Appendix 7.2.

7.2.1. Monitoring schedule and performance indicator 7. The monitoring schedule has been developed based on the possible occurrence of adverse impacts and required mitigation actions. However, this schedule is subject to change depending on the analysis results obtained. The performance indicators and protocol for changing the monitoring schedule is given below. 7.2.1.1.1 Tree Plantation 8. The 75% survival rate of re-plantation shall be monitored on the first year of the operation phase. If the survival rate is found below 75%, necessary measures will be taken to increase the survival rate and monitoring shall be again taken up on the third year of operation. This cycle should continue until the 75% survival rate is achieved. 7.2.1.1.2 Soil Erosion and Drainage Congestion 9. No significant soil erosion problem is anticipated due to the project either in the construction phase or in the operation phase. However, in the construction phase, some localised soil erosion may be noticed owing to construction activities. However, if soil erosion is noticed during construction and operation phase, the corrective action shall be initiated and frequency of check be increased to assess the tendency of occurrence. 10. The cross drainage structure shall be free from siltation. Visual check shall be made periodically to identify any drainage congestion or water logging along the road. Appropriate corrective action shall be taken to clear the congestion and prevent reoccurrence. 7.2.1.1.3 Air and Noise Quality 11. Due to the variability of the construction activities, namely changes in batch composition, type of construction activity and other anthropogenic influences, the ambient air quality of the project area may change. If the air quality with respect to any parameter exceeds by more than 25% of its last monitored value, the monitoring frequency shall be doubled and cause of the increase investigated. If the construction activities are found to be the reason for this increase, suitable measures should be adopted. 12. Similarly, due to the variability in traffic movement, namely changes in traffic volume, traffic compositions and other anthropogenic influences, the noise quality in the project area is likely to change. If the noise quality exceeds by 20% of the applicable ambient noise quality standard or 10% of its last monitored value, the monitoring frequency

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shall be increased and the cause of the increase investigated. If the construction activities are found to be the reason for this increase, suitable measures should be adopted. 7.2.1.1.4 Water Quality 13. No significant change in water quality is perceived due to the project in the operation phase. However, in the construction phase, the monitored values for pH, BOD, COD, TDS, DO and Oil & Grease might change owing to construction activities. Hence, it is suggested that if the monitored value for any water quality parameter exceeds by more than 20% of its last monitored status the monitoring frequency shall be increased.

7.2.2. Authorities and their Responsibilities for Implementation of EMoP 14. The most essential component of the Environment Monitoring Plan is the execution of the Plan in accordance with the monitoring schedule provided therein. The field officer concerned at PIU will be responsible for timely monitoring of various parameters and compliance with the mitigative measure proposed. He can execute this task through supervision consultant. A resultant database is proposed to be maintained. A Management Information System (MIS) is also put in place for effective flow of information between various levels and functions within the MPRDC. 15. The monitoring reports shall be sent to Sr. Manager (Environment & Social) at head office with copy to Divisional Officer. 7.3. Institutional Setting and Proposed Implementation Arrangement 16. M. P. State Road Development Corporation (MPRDC) is responsible for the development of state roads. MPRDC has set up divisional offices which act as Project Implementation Unit (PIU). Each PIU is headed by Divisional officer who is supported various engineers (field officers). These field officers also have the responsibility to comply with various regulatory permitting and compliance monitoring requirement. A Sr Manager (Environment & Social) is posted at Head Quarter who is responsible for overall environment and social management of sub projects. He reports to Dy General Manager who is responsible for the implementation of MPSRP_II and co-ordinate with ADB to monitor all environmental requirements of this subproject. 17. For subproject planning and implementation, Project Implementation Unit/s (PIUs) are established. This is headed by Divisional Officer and supported by Field officers. It is proposed to designate one of the field officers with additional responsibility of environment and social management. This officer shall be given adequate training for effective environmental management and monitoring. The designated field officer will be responsible for implementation and monitoring of EMP. Field Officer will monitor the compliance directly or with the help of supervision consultant. SQC will also supervise the contractor for complying the EMP requirements, monitoring requirements and obtaining the required permits. Divisional officer will be overall responsible for ensuring effective implementation of EMP at PIU level who will ensure it through field officer 87

and SQC. Field officer will be fully responsible for operation stage monitoring. 18. The EMP will be included in the construction contract and the contractor will be responsible for its implementation. MPSRDC will monitor the implementation of these mitigation measures by the contractors through Sr Manager Environment, Field Officers at PIU and SQC. The field officers at PIU level will be responsible for compliance monitoring and periodic reporting to divisional officer and Sr. Manager Environment at Head office. 19. The roles and duties of various agencies responsible for monitoring have been outlined in Table 7.1. The flow diagram depicting the institutional arrangement for implementation EMP and EMoP has been given as Figure 7.1. Table 7.1 : Roles and Duties of Implementing Agency/Organisations HQ MPRDC Contractor PIU Supervision Consultant • Obtain statutory • Obtain permits as • Joint verification to • Assist and advise the clearances required required during be carried out by PIU in matters relating during pre-construction construction stage HQ, PIU, SC to environment and stage Contractor Env. social matters. • Joint Verification Manager. • overall project Exercise including, • Compliance reporting coordination and PMU CMU, SC for • Overall Supervision to EMP and clearance management through review of EMP of implementation of conditions PIU supported by SC EMP • Interaction with Sr • Provide corrective • Interaction and Manager (Env. & • Environmental action if any deviation Reporting to ADB. Social) , PIU and SC monitoring through to EMP is identified Submission of approved laboratory progress reports to • Contractor’s Env. or through SC • Part of Joint ADB atleast once in a Officer will be primarily Verification Exercise • Verification of year. responsible for to be carried out by implementation EMP consent taken by HQ, PIU and • Effective contractor for Contractor for review • implementation of Filling of Reporting opening of borrow of EMP for EMP and Monitoring of Format and submitting areas, and setting up modification in EMP to SC labour camps. enhancement Ensuring restoration • Compilation of data • Monitoring through measures (if required) as per initial relating to approved agency. agreement with land • Ensure that the implementation of • Preparation of various owner contractor define the EMP. plans for effective cost of environmental • Keeping records of • Advising and implementation of measures like borrow all consents obtained suggesting corrective EMP as detailed out in area rehabilitation etc by contractor. measures to adhere to EMP and submitting it which are shown as time schedule for for approval to SC • Compilation of data part of construction implementation of relating to cost under EMP • EMP. Identification of sites implementation of matrix (Appendix 7.1) for labour camps, hot before the start of • EMP. Carry out mix plant, batch mix construction. This • verification/supervision plant, debris disposal Filling of Summary amount shall be exercises for etc Sheets and reporting released against implementation of to HQ. completion of EMP with respect to • Approval of plans respective EMP modification (if prepared by measures.

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required) for contractor • Supervise enhancement implementation of • Addressing measures. EMP/EMoP by grievances of local contractor community and information • Develop good dissemination practices construction through guidelines to assist NGOs/CBOs. contractor in implementation of EMP • Conduct Consultations programs with the stakeholders on regular basis to get first hand information on the inconvenience caused to contractor’s activities such as noise, debris disposal etc. • Ensure submission of compliance report to EMP/EMoP once in six month to PIU

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HQ MPRDC Asian DY General Manager Developmen (MPSRSP II) t Bank

Social and Env. Group (Proposed) Sr. Manager (Env and Social) Supported by Manager Env. and Social (proposed)

PIU Supervision Consultant Contractor Divisional Officer supported by field Officers

Field Officer – (Proposed to be designated with additional responsibility of Env. And Social)

Need Based Support from Approved Monitoring Agency and Independent Subject Experts and Institutions

Figure 7.1 : Proposed Structure for EMP/EMOP Implementation

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7.3.2. Institutional / Capacity Building 20. Capacity Building: As per the existing structure, one officer at Sr. Manager Level is responsible for Environmental and social aspect at MPRDC. Considering the increasing magnitude of activities, it is proposed that another manager level officer be appointed to support Sr. manager’s activities. The group shall be named as Environmental and Social Group. To facilitate and streamline this group’s activities it is proposed to develop the Environmental and social impact guidelines. This will standardise the impact assessment, regulatory compliance and environmental quality monitoring mechanism. 21. Training and Awareness: To enhance the capacity of officials for effective implementation of proposed mitigation measures and monitoring the resultant effects, as well as create awareness amongst workers and public, the training and awareness programme is planned and is given as Table 7.2. The institutions/agencies like regional office of MoEF, SPCB/CPCB, and Indian Institute of Technologies can be consulted for such trainings. Independent subject’s experts/consultants (e.g., for the environmental awareness program, impact assessment specialist will be the resource person) can also be the resource persons to impart trainings. These experts /agencies shall be appointed based on specific need for the training. Table 7.2 Combined Training Budget for MPSRSP II Combined Training Budget for MPSRP II

S. Target Subject(s) Method Time Basis for Costs Estimation No. group Frame and Estimated Training Training Delivery Cost Material Preparation 1 All staffs of Environmental Lectures Before @ Rs 2.0 Lacs Reproduction of Training MPSRDC Overview: cum beginning Material Rs 24,000 (@ Rs. 200 including Environmental interaction of the per set for 120 sets ) PIU project Regulations, sub- implement staff project related ation of Training Delivery: Honorarium involved in provisions of various the sub- and travel cost of the faculty implementa Acts/ Guidelines, EIA project. Rs 2.0 lac (@ 50,000 per tion of the notification, process programme for 4 programmes) project and and methodology for INR 6.24 Select IEE, EMPs Lakhs Venue and other facility costs NGOs. Rs 2.0 lacs ( @ Rs 50000 per programme with 25 participants in each) 2 Field Implementation of Workshop Before the @ Rs 2.0 -do- Officer EMPs: s and constructio Lacs (Env) at Basic features of an Seminars n begins PIU, EMP, Planning, Supervision designing and INR 6.24 Consultant’ execution of Lakhs s environmental Environmen mitigation and tal enhancement Specialists measures, monitoring and Select and evaluation of 91

NGOs environmental conditions – during construction and operation

3 Sr Environmentally Workshop Before the @ Rs 3.0 Lacs -do- Manager, Sound Construction s and Site constructio Manager at Practices: visits n Head Clean construction Quarter and technology, INR 6.24 Field officer alternatives materials Lakhs at PIU, , and techniques for design construction, Waste team, Management and Supervision minimization in Consultant construction, pollution Constructio control devices and n methods for Contractors construction sites and ’ staff equipment, Environmental clauses in contract documents and their implications, protection of flora and fauna Environmental monitoring during construction 4 PIU and Monitoring Lectures, During @ Rs 1.5 Lacs Reproduction of Training Supervision Environmental Workshop initial Material Rs 24,000 (@ Rs. 200 Consultant, Performance during and site phases of per set for 120 persons ) NGOs and Construction: visits constructio community Air, Water, Soil and n Training Delivery: Honorarium representati Noise, tree survival and travel cost of the faculty ves Monitoring INR 5.0 Rs 1.6 lac (@ 40,000 per requirement and Lakhs programme for 4 programmes) techniques, Evaluation and Venue and other facility costs Review of results, Rs 1.6 lacs ( @ Rs 40,000 per Performance programme with 25 participants indicators and their in each) applicability, possible corrective actions, reporting requirements and mechanisms Total Rs 23.72 Training lacs or Costs Say Rs. 24 lacs

22. Management System: It is proposed to develop standard environmental guidelines for impact assessment, management plan, and monitoring. It is recommended to develop an Environmental Management and Reporting Systems following international standards like ISO 14001.

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7.4. Grievance Redress Mechanism 23. Any environmental grievance received from public or stakeholders concerning the project will be directed to the concerned PIU. Firstly, field officer will assess if the grievances are genuine or suggestion is acceptable. Accordingly, response will be given within 15-30 days through suitable mode by the field officer with the approval of Divisional Officer. In case PIU is unable to resolve the issue, the matter will be forwarded to Sr. Manager ( Environment & Social) at head quarter who will take it up further and resolve. The corrective and preventing action will be taken in a time bound manner as per response given to the stakeholders. The outcome shall also form part of quarterly report to ADB. 24. The local community will be informed by the respective supervision consultants about the option to express their grievances if any through the mechanism described above before the start of construction activities. The grievance redress mechanism with the name of concerned official shall also be displayed at MPRDC website, and on notice boards of the PIU office and construction sites. 93

8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 8.1. Conclusions 25. The findings of Environment Assessment indicate that project is unlikely to cause any significant environmental impacts. While some of the impacts are negative, there are many bearing benefits to the area. Most of the impacts are likely to occur during construction stage and are temporary in nature and can be mitigated with minor to negligible residual impacts. Some impacts require design consideration and are suitably addressed. The project received immense support from local people as they perceive that this project will improve the overall connectivity and bring various economic opportunities to the people of the area. 26. The alignment does not pass through or located nearby any ecologically sensitive or protected areas. No archaeological/protected monument is located in the project vicinity. The land use pattern around the alignment is predominantly agricultural. The significant impact during construction is mainly associated with minor increase in dust borne air pollution, increased noise level, nuisance due to movement and operation of vehicles, establishment of temporary facilities, hindrance in accessibility to common property resources etc. During operation stage, the main impact may be related to air quality and noise. Other issues relates to road safety including pedestrian and cattles. 27. Environmental screening and assessment of likely impacts, the project has been categorised as Category ‘B’. The effective implementation of environmental management plan will facilitate in minimising the environmental impact to acceptable level. No additional studies or need of undertaking detailed EIA is envisaged at this stage. 28. Key findings of the IEE are summarised in following paragraphs: • There are several rivers and drains cutting across the project alignment. The major rivers crossing the project area are Chambal, ChotiKali Sindh, Kachal, which are found to be non-perennial as per the physical verification. Further, the topography of the subproject area is marked by elevated plains and low altitude hills which cause flooding during monsoon season, especially near the surface water bodies and canals. Therefore adequate cross drainage structures are required to avoid flooding during monsoon season. All necessary measures as suggested in IEE including IRC specifications for embankment formation in waterlogged areas shall be taken into account. • The groundwater condition in the project section is poor. Hence, provisions of water harvesting should be adopted. • Since no land acquisition is involved, the project will not affect any family. Also, there will be no Impact on community infrastructure as the upgradation is limited to the available ROW. • Ambient noise level is within prescribed limit except near busy intersections such as Agar, Barod, Islamnagar, Tal, Alot, Jaora etc. Some of the key suggested measures during construction are provision of temporary noise barriers and regulating construction timings near

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sensitive locations. Operation stage mitigation includes multilayered plantation and restricting honking near sensitive areas, maintaining good road conditions and congestion free traffic movement. • Large quantity of earth is required for the project. The availability of government waste land/barren land/uplands etc. is limited in the area. It is recommended to follow the guidelines for borrow area management as suggested in IEE. • The compensatory afforestation should be undertaken at 1:7 basis in close consultation with forest department. Roadside plantation should be done as per IRC specifications. Additional plantation should be done in consultation at river banks especially at major bridge locations. • Soil erosion along embankment slope, river banks, bridge sites and river training structures shall be checked through measures suggested in IEE. These measures coupled with silt fencing/brush barrier etc will also help to minimise siltation of water bodies though required at only few locations since most of the water bodies are seasonal in nature. • Predominant land use along the project alignment is agricultural/open area which helps in adequate dispersion of air emission. The increased pollution level during construction stage will be largely localised and temporary in nature. Corridor specific measures to curb emission include maintaining good road conditions, improved traffic regulations and roadside plantation with pollutant absorbent species. • Siting and management of temporary construction facilities i.e. construction camp, workers camp, hot mix plant, batching plant, dumping sites, stone crusher etc. shall be done in environmentally accepted manner as mentioned in IEE. • Dismantled material shall be reused to the extent possible. Leftover debris shall be disposed off in environmentally acceptable method and at designated sites. • Risk involved with accidents, community and occupational health safety should be mitigated as per measures provided in IEE. A proper traffic management plan shall be in place well before start of the construction. 29. Post Environmental Assessment Surveillance and Monitoring is essential to sustain the effectiveness of the mitigative measures suggested. A detailed monitoring plan has been prepared as part of the Environmental Management Plan. The focus areas of monitoring covers air, surface water quality, noise, soil erosion, drainage congestion and tree survival rate. The reporting requirements along with the follow up actions in case of deviation from the norms have been detailed out as a part of EMP. The frequency has been set in consideration of the likely impacts. 8.2. Key Recommendations: 30. Any major changes or any major additional work other than the proposed project activities will require preparation of another environmental assessment. This additional assessment will have to be submitted to concerned Government authorities and ADB for concurrence before civil works commence. 95

31. The implementation of prescribed mitigation measures will minimize/avoid the adverse impacts. Moreover, the impacts shall be monitored continually by implementing and updating the Environmental Management plan and Environmental Monitoring Plan. Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan may be updated if deemed necessary as per site conditions. MPRDC shall submit six monthly compliance/update reports to ADB. 32. All necessary clearances/permissions/No-objections/Consents should be obtained as required at different stages and as outlined in legal framework chapter of IEE. MPSRDC shall ensure that environmental clearance as may be required is obtained before start of construction. 33. Executing agency shall ensure that EMP and EMoP is included in Bill of Quantity (BOQ) and forms part of bid document and civil works contract. The same shall be revised if necessary during project implementation or if there is any change in the project design and with approval of ADB.

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Appendix 3.1: Inventory and Survey Condition of Bridges 97

Appendix 3.2: Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist

Roads and Highways

AGAR-BAROD-ALOT-JAORA (SH-41) SECTION

Instructions:

(i) The project team completes this checklist to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form and submitted to the Environment and Safeguards Division (RSES), for endorsement by Director, RSES and for approval by the Chief Compliance Officer.

(ii) This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB's (a) checklists on involuntary resettlement and Indigenous Peoples; (b) poverty reduction handbook; (c) staff guide to consultation and participation; and (d) gender checklists.

(iii) Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

IND/Sub-regional Transport Enhancement Project – Road improvement w/ Country/Project Title: bituminous overlay: Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora (108.70 km)

Sector Division: IND TA: 7198

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS A. Project Siting

Is The Project Area Adjacent To Or Within Any Of The Following Environmentally Sensitive Areas? . Cultural Heritage Site None

. Protected Area None

None . Wetland

. Mangrove None

. Estuarine None

. Buffer Zone of Protected Area None

. Special Area for Protecting Biodiversity None

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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS B. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

WILL THE PROJECT CAUSE… No encroachment on historical or Encroachment on historical/cultural areas; cultural areas is envisaged. disfiguration of landscape by road embankments, cuts, fills, and quarries? The topography of project road is mainly flat. But, minor impacts on landscape by road embankments to improve profile, cuts and fills cannot be ruled out.

None. The project road does not Encroachment on precious ecology (e.g. sensitive pass through sensitive ecological or protected areas)? areas. Minimal, since no new construction Alteration of surface water hydrology of waterways of bridges is proposed. Most rivers crossed by roads, resulting in increased sediment in project area are seasonal. in streams affected by increased soil erosion at Necessary measures shall be taken construction site? to prevent impacts on watercourses. Suitable prevention measures such Deterioration of surface water quality due to silt as silt fencing will reduce silt run runoff and sanitary wastes from worker-based off. camps and chemicals used in construction? Adequate measures for sanitary waste and silt runoff shall be taken to prevent any such condition. Local air pollution level is likely to Increased local air pollution due to rock crushing, be increased for short duration cutting and filling works, and chemicals from during construction period asphalt processing? particularly due to earth work. Appropriate distance from settlement area and wind direction may be taken into account to locate air polluting facility like stone crushing unit etc., if required. Risk is temporary and associated Risks and vulnerabilities related to occupational with construction phase. health and safety due to physical, chemical, biological, and radiological hazards during project Construction workers will be construction and operation during project provided with proper occupational, construction and operation? health and safety gear. Safety officer will be appointed by contractor to lead implementation of occupational and community health and safety plan during construction phase 99

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS Minimal increase in ambient noise Noise and vibration due to blasting and other civil level is expected due to various works? construction activities. Necessary mitigation measures will be taken in noise sensitive locations such as schools, temples and forest areas. Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people None.

No displacement. Dislocation and compulsory resettlement of people Project improvement work is to be living in right-of-way? carried out within existing available ROW, no resettlement is envisaged. None. Disproportionate impacts on the poor, women and children, Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable groups? All possible mitigation measures Other social concerns relating to inconveniences in will be taken to avoid any living conditions in the project areas that may inconvenience due to the project. trigger cases of upper respiratory problems and Efforts will also be made to keep stress? air pollution within permissible levels to prevent respiratory problems and stress among the nearby inhabitants. Traffic management plan to be Hazardous driving conditions where construction followed during construction will interferes with pre-existing roads? be prepared. Appropriate waste management Poor sanitation and solid waste disposal in shall be adopted to prevent any construction camps and work sites, and possible such conditions. Awareness plan transmission of communicable diseases from for workers will be prepared to workers to local populations? educate them about communicable diseases. Creation of temporary breeding habitats for No such condition is anticipated mosquito vectors of disease? Temporarily during construction Accident risks associated with increased vehicular stage. Adequate measures will be traffic, leading to accidental spills of toxic materials provided to prevent them such as and loss of life? speed reduction, provision of crash barrier & proper traffic signage system at sensitive places will ensure smooth traffic flow which will reduce accidental risk Increased noise and air pollution resulting from Temporarily during construction traffic volume? phase. Increased risk of water pollution from oil, grease Temporarily during construction and fuel spills, and other materials from vehicles phase. using the road? Adequate preventive measures will take to prevent such risks.

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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS Most of the workers will be hired Social conflicts if workers from other regions or locally. countries are hired?

Most of the workers will be hired Large population influx during project construction locally. All groundwater extraction and operation that causes increased burden on will be covered by necessary social infrastructure and services (such as water permits and all construction sites supply and sanitation systems)? will have sanitary toilets with septic tank. No blasting will be made, bitumen Risks to community health and safety due to the handling will be consistent with the transport, storage, and use and/or disposal of Material Safety Data Sheet, materials such as explosives, fuel and other occupational and community chemicals during construction and operation? health and safety provisions included in the EMP Community and occupational Community safety risks due to both accidental and health and safety plan will form natural causes, especially where the structural part of EMP. elements or components of the project are accessible to members of the affected community or where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning.

The Project is categorized as B. As per MOEF latest EIA notification, Environmental Clearance for the project is not required. However, other consent conditions will be required.

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Appendix 3.4: Details of Chainage-wise Existing and Proposed Design Speed and Curve Radius

Sr Existing Proposed Remarks No Chainage Radii Speed Chainage Radii Speed Start End (m) (kmph) Start End (m) (kmph) Agar – Barod Road 1 0.03 0.07 55 20 0.039 0.081 60 Jun Junction 2 0.087 0.138 210 25 0.1 0.15 300 Jun Junction 3 24.34 24.37 85 35 24.38 24.4 100 40 Approach to Bridge 4 24.46 24.49 170 25 24.56 24.58 170 40 Approach to Bridge Barod – Rajasthan Border 5 26.361 26.38 35 20 0.69 0.71 50 20 Urban Area 6 32.94 33.01 100 7.94 8 100 Jun Junction Barod – Shajapur-Ratlam District 7 0.077 0.16 150 20 25.8 25.88 250 40 Urban Area 8 12.535 12.54 25 20 38.558 38.562 80 40 Shajapur – Ratlam District to Alot 9 8.12 8.1 30 20 44.81 44.83 80 40 Sharp Curve 10 7.59 7.615 45 20 45.3 45.32 90 40 Sharp Curve 11 7 6.99 30 20 45.78 45.79 50 30 Sharp Curve 12 5.83 5.82 180 20 47.076 47.084 200 40 13 5.79 5.75 65 20 47.11 47.16 80 20 Approach to Bridge 14 0.03 0.02 80 20 52.84 52.85 100 10 Junction+Urban Area

Alot – Jawara Road 15 48 47.97 100 20 52.89 52.93 125 10 Urban Area 16 47.94 47.93 15 10 52.97 52.98 20 10 Urban Area 17 47.91 47.92 6 5 52.99 53 10 10 Urban Area 18 47.9 47.86 90 20 53.01 53.06 95 10 Urban Area 19 47.85 47.79 150 20 53.07 53.12 200 10 Urban Area 20 47.76 47.755 5 5 53.15 53.16 10 10 Urban Area 21 47.756 47.75 6 5 53.16 53.17 6 10 Urban Area 22 47.728 47.717 30 10 53.19 53.2 40 10 Urban Area 23 47.715 47.687 60 10 53.2 53.23 75 10 Urban Area 24 47.666 47.661 50 10 53.25 53.26 100 10 Urban Area 25 47.609 47.557 380 10 53.31 53.36 400 10 Urban Area 26 47.431 47.386 70 10 53.49 53.53 90 10 Urban Area 27 47.364 47.342 200 10 53.55 53.57 200 10 Urban Area 28 46.394 46.389 180 30 54.525 54.53 200 10 Urban Area 29 46.242 46.235 100 25 54.677 54.685 200 10 Urban Area 30 46.185 46.162 30 5 54.73 54.76 18 Jun Junction 31 45.265 45.246 75 10 55.235 55.254 100 20 Urban Area 32 45.238 45.198 135 25 55.26 55.3 200 20 Urban Area 33 44.025 43.922 60 20 56.48 56.59 68 20 34 43.885 43.872 100 20 56.62 56.63 150 20 35 43.682 43.673 50 10 56.82 56.83 80 40 36 24.271 24.167 76.41 76.51 100 25 Realignment Portion 37 23.72 23.65 76.78 76.85 150 25 Realignment Portion

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APPENDIX 4.1 : NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS

The finding as Notified on 16th November 2009 by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in exercise of its powers conferred under Section 6 and Section 25 of the Environment Protect Act, 1986.

Time-Weighted Concentration in Ambient Air

Ecologically Industrial, Pollutant Sensitive Area Residential Average (Notified by and other Central rural area Government) Annual* 50 20 3 SO2 ug/m 24 hours** 80 80 Annual* 40 30 3 NOx ug/m 24 hours** 80 80 Annual* 60 60 3 PM10 ug/m 24 hours** 100 100 Annual* 40 40 3 PM2.5 ug/m 24 hours** 60 60

Annual* 0.50 0.50 3 Lead ug/m

24 hours** 1.0 1.0

8 Hours** 2000 2000 3 CO ug/m 1 Hour** 4000 4000 8 Hours** 100 100 3 O3 ug/m 1 Hour** 180 180 Annual* 100 100 3 NH3 ug/m 24 hours** 400 400 Source: Gazette of India, Part II-Section-3-Subsection (i)

* Annual Arithmetic Mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24-hourly at uniform interval. ** 24-horly / 8-hourly values or 0.1 hourly monitored values shall be complied with 98% of the time in the year. However, 2% of the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days.

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APPENDIX 4.2 : Ambient Noise Level Limits (In Leq dB(A)), India

Day Time Night Time Area/Class (6:00 AM to 9:00 PM) (9:00 PM to 6:00 am)

Standard Standard

Industrial 75 70

Commercial 65 55

Residential 55 45

Silence 50 40 Source: Environment Protection Rules, 1986, Schedule III

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APPENDIX 4.3 : Drinking Water Standards And Probable Effects on Human Health (BIS: IS: 10500, 1991)

S. Prescribed limits Parameters Probable effects No. Desirable Permissible 1 COLOUR (HAZEN UNIT) 5 25 Aesthetically undesirable. 2 ODOUR Essentially free Aesthetically undesirable. 3 TASTE Agreeable Aesthetically undesirable. 4 TURBIDITY (NTU) 5 10 Indicates pollution/ contamination. Affects taste, corrodes supply 5 pH 6.5 8.5 system. Causes scaling, excessive soap HARDNESS, as CaCO3, 6 300 600 consumption, calcification of mg/l arteries. Causes staining of laundry and 7 IRON, as Fe , mg/l 0.30 1.00 porcelain. In traces it is essential for nutrition. May be injurious to heart or kidney patients. Taste, indigestion, 8 CHLORIDE, as Cl , mg/l 250 1000 corrosion and palatability are affected. RESIDUAL CHLORINE, only Excessive chlorination causes 9 when 0.20 - asthma, colitis and eczema Water is chlorinated May cause gastro-intestinal TOTAL DISSOLVED 10 500 2000 irritation, corrosion and laxative SOLIDS, mg/l effect to new users. Excessive Cause incrustation, deficiency causes rickets, 11 CALCIUM, as Ca, mg/l 75 200 essential for nervous, muscular, cardiac functions and in coagulation of blood. Its salts are cathartics and diuretic. Excessive may cause laxative effect; deficiency causes 12 MAGNESIUM, as Mg, mg/l 30 100 structural and functional changes. It is activator of many enzyme systems. Beneficial in human metabolism, deficiency results in nutritional anaemia in infants. Large amounts may result in liver damage, 13 COPPER, as Cu, mg/l 0.05 1.50 causes central nervous system irritation and depression. Enhances corrosion of Al in water supply systems. Causes gastro-intestinal irritation. Along with Mg or Na can have a 14 SULPHATE, as SO4, mg/l 200 400 cathartic effect. Concentration more than 750 mg/l may have laxative effect. Causes infant methaemoglobinaemia, at very 15 NITRATE, as N, mg/l 45 100 high concentration causes gastric cancer and effects central nervous 105

S. Prescribed limits Parameters Probable effects No. Desirable Permissible and cardiovascular system.

Reduces dental carries, very high 16 FLUORIDE, as F, mg/l 1.00 1.50 concentration may cause crippling skeletal fluorosis. Acute toxicity may be associated with renal, arterial hypertension, 17 CADMIUM, as Cd, mg/l 0.01 No relaxation itai-itai (bone disease). Cd salts cause cramps, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. Burning in mouth, severe inflammation of gastro-intestinal tract with vomiting and diarrhoea. 18 LEAD, as Pb, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation Chronic toxicity produces nausea, severe abdominal pain, paralysis, mental confusion, visual disturbances, and anaemia etc. Essential and beneficial in human 19 ZINC, as Zn , mg/l 5 15 metabolism. Imparts astringent taste to water. Cr6+ produces lung tumours, 20 CHROMIUM, as Cr, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation coetaneous and nasal mucous membrane ulcers and dermatitis. Causes skin damage, circulatory 21 ARSENIC, as As, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation problems, and increased risk of skin cancer. Raises blood cholesterol, lowers 22 ANTIMONY, as Sb, mg/l 0.006 No relaxation blood sugar. 23 ALUMINIUM, as Al, mg/l 0.030 0.200 Leads to neurological disorders. 24 BARIUM, as Ba, mg/l 2 No relaxation Increases blood pressure. 25 BERYLLIUM, as Be, mg/l nil 0.0002 Is carcinogenic Causes nerve damage, thyroid 26 CYANIDE, as CN, mg/l 0.05 No relaxation problem. Neurological and renal disturbances. Excess causes 27 MERCURY, as Hg, mg/l 0.001 No relaxation gonadotoxic and mutagenic effects and disturbs the cholesterol metabolism. Essential as a cofactor in enzyme systems and metabolism processes. Excessive causes change in appetite and reduction 28 MANGANESE, as Mn, mg/l 0.10 0.30 in metabolism of iron to form haemoglobin. Imparts undesirable taste and stains plumbing fixtures and laundry. Leads to hair, finger loss, and 29 SELENIUM, as Se, mg/l 0.01 No relaxation numbness in fingers or toes, circulatory problems. Affects central nervous system, 30 BORON, as B, mg/l 1.00 5.00 salts may cause nausea, cramps, convulsions, coma, etc. 31 ALKALINITY, as CaCO3, 200 600 Imparts unpleasant taste,

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S. Prescribed limits Parameters Probable effects No. Desirable Permissible mg/l deleterious to humans in presence of high pH, hardness and TDS. Imparts toxicity, accumulates in different organs of body, and 32 PESTICIDES, ug/l nil 0.001 affects immune and nervous systems. Carcinogenic. High concentration causes vomiting and diarrhoea stimulates 33 PHOSPHATE, as PO4, mg/l No guideline secondary hyperthyroidism and bone loss. Harmful to persons suffering from 34 SODIUM, as Na, mg/l No guideline cardiac, renal and circulatory diseases. Essential nutrition element but 35 POTASSIUM, as K, mg/l No guideline excessive amounts are cathartic. Non-toxic element but may be carcinogenic in animals, can react 36 NICKEL, as Ni , mg/l No guideline with DNA resulting in DNA damage in animals. PATHOGENS Causes water borne diseases like a)TOTAL COLIFORM coliform jaundice; Typhoid, 37 No/dl 1 10 Cholera etc. produces infections

b)FAECAL COLIFORM involving skin mucous membrane No/dl of eyes, ears and throat. RADIOACTIVITY: -BETA PARTICLES 0-4 milligram/year 38 Increases risk of cancer. -ALPHA PARTICLES 0-15 picocuries/year -RADIUM 0-05 picocuries/year

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APPENDIX 4.4 : Water Quality Criteria And Standards for Freshwater Classification (CPCB, 1979)

Characteristics A B C D E

Dissolved Oxygen (DO), 6 5 4 4 - mg/L, Min Biological Oxygen Demand, BOD, mg/L, 2 3 3 - - max Total Coliform organism 50 500 5000 - - **, MPN/100ml, Max pH value 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6 – 9 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 Free Ammonia (as N), - - - 1.2 - mg/L, Max Electrical Conductivity, - - - - 2250 µmhos/cm, max Sodium absorption Ratio - - - - 26 Boron, mg/L, Max - - - - 2

A) Drinking water sources without conventional treatment but after disinfecting B) Outdoor Bathing (organized) C) Drinking water source with conventional treatment followed by disinfecting D) Propagation of wildlife, fisheries E) Irrigation, industrial cooling, controlled waste disposal

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Appendix 5.1: Guidelines for Borrow Areas Management

1. SELECTION OF BORROW AREAS Location of borrow areas shall be finalized as per IRC: 10-1961guidlines. The finalization of locations in case of borrows areas identified in private land shall depend upon the formal agreement between landowners and contractor. If, agreement is not reached between the contractor and landowners for the identified borrow areas sites, arrangement for locating the source of supply of material for embankment and sub-grade as well as compliance to environment requirements in respect of excavation and borrow areas as stipulated from time to time by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, and local bodies, as applicable shall be the sole responsibility of the contractor. The contractor in addition to the established practices, rules and regulation will also consider following criteria before finalizing the locations. (1) The borrow area should not be located in agriculture field unless unavoidable i.e. barren land is not available. (2) The borrow pits preferably should not be located along the roads. (3) The loss of productive and agriculture soil should be minimum. (4) The loss of vegetation is almost nil or minimum. (5) The Contractor will ensure that suitable earth is available. 2. CONTRACTOR’S RESPONSIBILTY The Contractor shall obtain representative samples from each of the identified borrow areas and have these tested at the site laboratory following a testing programme approved by the Engineer. It shall be ensured that the sub-grade material when compacted to the density requirements shall yield the design CBR value of the sub-grade. Contractor shall begin operations keeping in mind following; (1) Haulage of material to embankments or other areas of fill shall proceed only when sufficient spreading and compaction plants is operating at the place of deposition. (2) No excavated acceptable material other than surplus to requirements of the Contract shall be removed from the site. Contractor should be permitted to remove acceptable material from the site to suit his operational procedure, then shall make consequent deficit of material arising there from. (3) Where the excavation reveals a combination of acceptable and un- acceptable materials, the Contractor shall, unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer, carry out the excavation in such a manner that the acceptable materials are excavated separately for use in the permanent works without contamination by the un-acceptable materials. The acceptable material shall be stockpiled separately. (4) The Contractor shall ensure that he does not adversely affect the stability of excavation or fills by the methods of stockpiling materials, use of plants are siting of temporary buildings or structures.

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3. BORROWING FROM DIFFERENT LAND-FORMS

A. Borrow Areas located in Agricultural Lands

(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile. (ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal). (iii) Borrowing of earth will be carried out up to a depth of 1.5m from the existing ground level. (iv) Borrowing of earth will not be done continuously through out the stretch. (v) Ridges of not less than 8m widths will be left at intervals not exceeding 300m. (vi) Small drains will be cut through the ridges, if necessary, to facilitate drainage. (vii) The slope of the edges will be maintained not steeper than 1:4 (vertical: Horizontal). (viii) The depth of borrow pits will not be more than 30 cm after stripping the 15 cm topsoil aside.

B. Borrow Areas located in Elevated Lands

(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile. (ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal). (iii) At location where private owners desire their fields to be levelled, the borrowing shall be done to a depth of not more than 1.5m or up to the level of surrounding fields

C. Borrow Areas near River side

(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile. (ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal). (iii) Borrow area near to any surface water body will be at least at a distance of 15m from the toe of the bank or high flood level, whichever is maximum.

D. Borrow Areas near Settlements

(i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile.

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(ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal). (iii) Borrow pit location will be located at least 0.75 km from villages and settlements. If un-avoidable, the pit will not be dug for more than 30 cm and drains will be cut to facilitate drainage. (iv) Borrow pits located in such location will be re-developed immediately after borrowing is completed. If spoils are dumped, that will be covered with a layers of stockpiled topsoil in accordance with compliance requirements with respect MOEF/PPCB guidelines.

E. Borrow Pits along the Road

Borrow pits along the road shall be discouraged and if deemed necessary and permitted by the Engineer; following precautions are recommended (i) The preservation of topsoil will be carried out in stockpile. (ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal). (iii) Ridges of not less than 8m widths should be left at intervals not exceeding 300m. (iv) Small drains shall be cut through the ridges of facilitate drainage. (v) The depth of the pits shall be so regulated that there bottom does not cut an imaginary line having a slope of 1 vertical to 4 horizontal projected from the edge of the final section of bank, the maximum depth of any case being limited to 1.5m. (vi) Also, no pit shall be dug within the offset width from the toe of the embankment required as per the consideration of stability with a minimum width of 10m. 4. REHABILITATION OF BORROW AREAS The objective of the rehabilitation programme is to return the borrow pit sites to a safe and secure area, which the general public should be able to safely enter and enjoy. Securing borrow pits in a stable condition is fundamental requirement of the rehabilitation process. This could be achieved by filling the borrow pit floor to approximately the access road level.

Re-development plan shall be prepared by the Contractor before the start of work inline with the owners will require and to the satisfaction of owner. The Borrow Areas shall be rehabilitated as per following; • Borrow pits shall be backfilled with rejected construction wastes and will be given a vegetative cover. If this is not possible, then excavation sloped will be smoothed and depression will be filled in such a way that it looks more or less like the original round surface. • Borrow areas might be used for aquaculture in case landowner wants such development. In that case, such borrow area will be photographed 111

after their post use restoration and Environment Expert of Supervision Consultant will certify the post use redevelopment. The Contractor will keep record of photographs of various stages i.e., before using materials from the location (pre-project), for the period borrowing activities (construction Phase) and after rehabilitation (post development), to ascertain the pre and post borrowing status of the area.

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APPENDIX 7.1: Environmental Management Plan (SH-41: Agar-Barod-Alot-Jaora 108.70 km) All activity for supervision is on part of SQC unless involvement of different department Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision A. Design and Construction Stage 1. Alignment  Pavement • Selection of suitable pavement Design requirement • All habitat areas throughout During the Included in Design SQC/MPRD damage and design in habitat areas the alignment design construction Consultant C inadequate considering alignment level and stage cost drainage drainage provisions in • Raise road level above the habitat areas nearby areas with provision of adequate side drains to evacuate the rain water and domestic discharges (drained by habitats occasionally) to prevent damage to road and rain water entry to habitats’ houses. • Provision of adequate no of cross drainage structures based on drainage pattern around the alignment  Safety along the • Make provisions of crash barriers Design requirement • Crash barriers are proposed During the Included in Design SQC/MPRD proposed at accident prone areas at the following chainages design construction Consultant C alignment • Provision of rumble strips in along the project corridor stage cost habitat areas to regulate speed. Left side Right side • Provision of retro-reflective Chainage(m) Chainage(m) warning sign boards nears From To From To school, hospital, religious places 18/33 18/37 9/44 9/470 24/38 24/41 24/49 24/52 and forests areas 24/49 24/52 27/38 27/52 • Provision of footpaths along the 76/53 76/64 71/00 71/03 road near habitat areas, school, 76/92 77/07 76/53 76/64 hospital, religious places and 92/77 92/82 76/92 77/07 forests 93/21 93/26 82/94 82/97 • Compliance with norms specified 85/33 85/36 in IRC codes for state highway 92/77 92/82 for curvature and grading 93/21 93/26 • Provision of safety kerb with 113

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision footpath at all bridges • The design should attempt to equalize cut and fill. The centerline should be aligned so that on all slopes below 60 degrees, half cut and half fill can be achieved. • Minimize the cutting in hill areas. Incorporate slope stabilization measures to prevent any land slide situation. • 2. Natural Hazards  Protection from • Design considering the IRC:34 Throughout the stretch Design Project Design SQC/MPRD damage from earthquake potential though the Recommendations Stage preparation Consultant C Earthquake area falls under low earthquake for road construction Cost intensity of 2/3 in waterlogged area and IRC: 75 and MOSRTH guidelines  Protection of road • Raise embankment height above for Design of High All the existing culverts/bridges Design Included in Design SQC/MPRD embankment in the HFL levels in the flood prone Embankments are improved to increase their and construction Consultant C Flood prone areas. carrying capacity. Constructi cost Areas • Provision of adequate balancing on Stage culverts. 3. Weather Conditions and Air Quality  Local Weather • Geometric adjustment to reduce Kyoto Protocol, Throughout project corridor, Design Road Side Design SQC conditions tree cutting. Environmental mainly at level crossings, and Plantations Consultant /MPRDC • Compensatory tree Plantation Protection Act, haulage roads, earthwork, Constructi +Additional and Contractor (1:7) 1986; The Air construction sites, loading on stage Plantation • Additional Plantation on river (Prevention and areas, storage areas, transport During the cost7=1.2 banks, borrow areas and Control of Pollution) route Constructi Million sensitive locations to increase Act, 1981 on stage (@1200/tree)

7 The total no. trees likely to be cut are estimated to be 144. Compensatory afforestation norm is 1:5. Additional Plantation of 1;2 is suggested. Hence, 1008 trees have to be planted in lieu of compensatory plantation. Project has the provision of planting trees on both sides of the road. The lump sum cost of cutting a tree, its afforestation and maintenance is taken as Rs. 1200.

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Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision the green cover and improve the + aesthetics IRC and  Dust Generation • Transport, loading and unloading MORTH Included in Design SQC/MPRD due to of loose and fine materials Specifications for project cost Consultant C construction through covered vehicles. Road and Bridge and Contractor SQC/MPRD activities and • Paved approach roads. works C Air (P and CP) transport, storage • Storage areas to be located Act 1974 and and handling of downwind of the habitation area. • Water spraying on earthworks, Central Motor and construction unpaved haulage roads and Vehicle materials other dust prone areas. Act 1988 • Provision of PPEs to workers.  Emission of air • Regular maintenance of Asphalt mixing plants, crushers, During the Included in Contractor SQC/MPRD pollutants (HC, machinery and equipment. DG sets locations Constructi project cost C SO2, NOX, CO • Batching, asphalt mixing plants on stage etc) from vehicles and crushers at downwind (1km) due to traffic direction from the nearest congestion and settlement. use of equipment • Only crushers licensed by the and machinery PCB shall be used Included in • DG sets with stacks of adequate monitoring cost height and use of low sulphur diesel as fuel. • Ambient air quality monitoring • Follow traffic management plan as given in Section 8. 4. Noise  Noise from • All equipment to be timely Legal requirement Throughout project section During the Cost for Contractor SQC/MPRD construction serviced and properly Noise Pollution especially at construction sites, Constructi Plantation C vehicle, maintained. (Regulation and residential areas and identified on stage already equipment and • Bottlenecks to be removed. Control) Rules, sensitive locations as given in indicated machinery. • Construction equipment and 2000 and Table 5.3 above. machinery to be fitted with amendments silencers and maintained thereof properly. + • Only IS approved equipments Clause No 501.8.6. shall be used for construction MoSRTH 115

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision activities. Specifications for • Timing of noisy construction Road and Bridge activities shall be done during works Monitoring night time and weekends near Cost as sensitive receptors such as indicated In schools and temples, concurrent EMoP. noisy operations may be separated to reduce the total noise generated, and if possible re-route traffic during construction to avoid the accumulation of noise beyond standards. Else provision of temporary noise barrier at sensitive locations or near sources. • Time regulation near residential and forest areas construction shall be restricted to daylight hours. • Initiation of multi layered plantation, to serve as mitigation option for operation phase • Honking restrictions near sensitive areas • PPEs to workers • Noise monitoring as per EMoP. 5. Land and Soil  Land use • For construction non-agricultural Project requirement Throughout the project section During Included in Contractor SQC/MPRD Change and Loss areas to be used as borrow and borrow areas design construction C of productive/top areas. and cost soil • If using agricultural land, top soil constructi to be preserved and laid over on Stage either on the embankment slope for growing vegetation to protect soil erosion.  Slope protection • Bio-turfing of embankments to IRC: 56 -1974 Throughout the stretch Design Construction Design SQC/MPRD and Soil erosion protect slopes. recommended especially along hilly areas and cost consultant and C

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Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision due to • Slope protection by providing practice for constructi Contractor, construction frames, dry stone pitching, treatment of on stage activities, masonry retaining walls, planting embankment slopes earthwork, and of grass and trees. for erosion control cut and fill etc. • The side slopes of all cut and fill Clause No. 306 and areas will be graded and covered 305.2.2 with stone pitching, grass and MoSRTH shrub as per design Specifications for specifications. Care should be Road and Bridge taken that the slope gradient works shall not be greater than 2:1. Guidelines IX for  Soil erosion at • The earth stockpiles to be Soil erosion At earth stockpiles Design Construction Contractor SQC/MPRD earth stockpiles provided with gentle slopes to and cost C prevent soil erosion. constructi on stage  Borrow areas • Non-productive, barren lands, IRC Guidelines on Borrow sites location. During Construction Contractor SQC/MPRD upland shall be used for borrow areas and Design cost C borrowing earth with the for quarries and necessary permissions/consents. (Environmental constructi • Depths of borrow pits to be Protection Act and on Stage regulated and sides not steeper Rules, 1986; Water than 25%. Act, Air Act) • Topsoil to be stockpiled and + Clause No. protected for use at the 305.2.2 MoSRTH rehabilitation stage. Specifications for • Transportation of earth materials Road and Bridge through covered vehicles. works • IRC recommended practice for Guidelines V for borrow pits (IRC 10: 1961). Borrow Areas • Borrow areas not to be dug Management continuously. • To the extent borrow areas shall be sited away from habitated areas. Borrow areas shall be leveled with salvaged material or other filling materials which do not pose contamination of soil. Else, it shall be converted into 117

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision fishpond in consultation with fishery department and land owner/community. Rehabilitation of the borrow areas as per Guidelines for redevelopment of Borrow Areas.  Quarry • Aggregates will be sourced from Clause No. 111.3 Operations existing licensed quarries. MoSRTH • Copies of consent/ approval / Specifications for rehabilitation plan for a new Road and Bridge quarry or use of existing source works Guidelines VI will be submitted to EO, MPRDC. for Quarry Areas • The contractor will develop a Management Quarry Redevelopment plan, as per the Mining Rules of the state and submit a copy of the approval to EA.  Compaction of • Construction vehicles, Design Parking areas, Haulage roads Just Included in Contractor SQC/MPRD soil and impact on machinery, and equipment to be requirement and construction yards. before construction C quarry haul roads stationed in the designated ROW commenc cost due to movement to avoid compaction. ement of of vehicles and • Approach roads/haulage roads constructi equipments shall be designed along the on barren and hard soil area to reduce the compaction. • Transportation of quarry material to the dumping site through heavy vehicles shall be done through existing major roads to the extent possible to restrict wear and tear to the village/minor roads. • Land taken for construction camp and other temporary facility shall be restored to its original conditions.  Contamination • Construction vehicles and Design Fuelling station, construction Just Monitoring Contractor SQC/MPRD of soil due to equipment will be maintained requirement sites, and construction camps before Cost Included C leakage/spillage and disposal location. commenc in EMoP

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Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision of oil, bituminous and refueled in such a fashion ement of and non that oil/diesel spillage does not constructi bituminous debris contaminate the soil. on generated from • Fuel storage and refueling sites demolition and to be kept away from drainage road construction channels. • Unusable debris shall be dumped in ditches and low lying areas. • To avoid soil contamination Oil- Interceptors shall be provided at wash down and refueling areas. • Waste oil and oil soaked cotton/ cloth shall be stored in containers labeled ‘Waste Oil’ and ‘Hazardous’ sold off to MoEF/SPCB authorized vendors • Non-bituminous wastes to be dumped in borrow pits with the concurrence of landowner and covered with a layer of topsoil conserved from opening the pit. • Bituminous wastes will be disposed off in an identified dumping site approved by the State Pollution Control Board • Soil quality monitoring 6. Water Resources Sourcing of water • Requisite permission shall be - Throughout the Project section During Included in Contractor SQC/MPRD during Construction obtained for abstraction of Constructi construction C groundwater from Central on stage cost Groundwater Authority • Arrangements shall be made by contractor that the water availability and supply to nearby communities remain unaffected.  Disposal of water • Provisions shall be made to Clause No. 1010 EP Throughout the Project section During Included in Contractor SQC/MPRD during connect road side drains with Act 1986 MoSRTH Constructi construction C 119

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision Construction exiting nearby ponds otherwise Specifications for on stage cost make provision of water Road and Bridge harvesting pits intermittently. works  Alteration in • Existing drainage system to be Design requirement, Near all drainage channels, river During Included in Contractor SQC surface water maintained and further Clause No 501.8.6. crossings etc. Constructi construction hydrology due to enhanced. MoSRTH on stage cost embankment • Provision shall be made for Specifications for adequate size and number of Road and Bridge cross drainage structures esp. in the areas where land is sloping towards road alignment. • Road level shall be raised above HFL level wherever road level is lesser than HFL.  Siltation in water • Embankment slopes to be Design requirement Near all river water bodies, such During Included in Contractor SQC bodies due to modified suitably to restrict the , as Chambal, Choti Kali Sindh, Constructi construction construction soil debris entering water bodies. Clause No 501.8.6. Kachal river embankment on stage cost activities/ • Provision of Silt fencing shall be MoSRTH slopes. earthwork made at water bodies. Specifications for • Silt/sediment should be collected Road and Bridge and stockpiled for possible reuse works as surfacing of slopes where (CP and CP) they have to be re-vegetated. and worldwide best • Earthworks and stone works to practices be prevented from impeding natural flow of rivers, streams and water canals or existing drainage system.  Deterioration in • No vehicles or equipment should The Water Water bodies, refueling stations, During Construction Contractor SQC Surface water be parked or refuelled near (Prevention and construction camps. Constructi cost quality due to water-bodies, so as to avoid Control of Pollution) on Stage leakage from contamination from fuel and Act, 1974 and Monitoring cost vehicles and lubricants. amendments as indicated in equipments and • Oil and grease traps and fuelling thereof. EMoP waste from platforms to be provided at re- construction fuelling locations. camps. • All chemicals and oil shall be stored away from water and

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Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision concreted platform with catchment pit for spills collection. • All equipment operators, drivers, and warehouse personnel will be trained in immediate response for spill containment and eventual cleanup. Readily available, simple to understand and preferably written in the local language emergency response procedure, including reporting, will be provided by the contractors • Construction camp to be sited away from water bodies. • Wastes must be collected, stored and taken to approve disposal site only. • Water quality shall be monitored periodically. 7. Flora and Fauna  Vegetation loss • Minimize tree cutting to the Forest Conservation Throughout project corridor During the Indicated MPRDC SQC due to site extent possible. Act 1980 design above through preparation and • Roadside trees to be removed + and competent construction with prior approval of competent IRC SP: 21 and IRC Constructi authority activities and authority. SP:66 on stage Plantation Strategy • Compensatory plantation at 1:7 basis and additional plantation as per the IRC guidelines in consultation with Forest Department. • Regular maintenance of all trees planted. • Provision of LPG in construction camp as fuel source to avoid tree cutting, wherever possible. • Plantation of trees on both sides of the road. Integrate vegetation 121

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision management (IVM) with the carriage way completely clear of vegetation. From the edge of the road to the boundary of ROW, vegetation structured with smaller plants near the line and larger trees further away to avoid costly and provide habitats for a wide variety of plants and animals. Additional plantation near river banks to check erosion as part of compensatory plantation. • In the event of design changes during the construction stages additional assessments including the possibility to save trees shall be made by the EA. • Road side Plantation Strategy as per IRC specifications including manuring. • Control use of pesticides/fertilizers 8. Construction Camps  Impact associated • All camps should maintain Design Requirement All construction camps During Included in Contractor and SQC with location minimum distance from Constructi construction EO following: on stage cost # 500 m from habitation # 1000 m from forest areas where possible # 500 m from water bodies where possible # 500 m from through traffic route where possible • The average distance between two camps should be 50 km

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Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision  worker’s Health in • The location, layout and basic The Building and All construction camps During Part of the Contractor SQC construction facility provision of each labor Other Construction constructi Contract camp camp will be submitted to SQC workers (Regulation on stage prior to their construction. The of Employment and construction shall commence Conditions of only after approval of SQC. Service) Act 1996 • The contractor will maintain and necessary living accommodation The Water and ancillary facilities in (Prevention and functional and hygienic manner Control of Pollution) as approved by the EA. Act, 1974 and • Adequate water and sanitary amendments latrines with septic tanks thereof attached to soak pits shall be provided. • Preventive medical care to be provided to workers including a First-Aid kit that must be available in the camp. • Waste disposal facilities such as dust bins must be provided in the camps and regular disposal of waste must be carried out . • The Contractor will take all precautions to protect the workers from insect and pest to reduce the risk to health. This includes the use of insecticides which should comply with local regulations. • No alcoholic liquor or prohibited drugs will be imported to, sell, give, barter to the workers of host community. • Awareness raising to immigrant workers/local community on communicable and sexually transmitted diseases. 123

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision 8. Management of Construction Waste/Dismantled Debris  Selection of • Unproductive/wastelands shall Design Requirement At all Dumping Sites Constructi Part of the Contractor. SQC Dumping Sites be selected for dumping sites. and MoSRTH on contract • Away from residential areas and guidelines water bodies • Dumping sites have adequate capacity equal to the amount of debris generated. • Public perception and consent from the village Panchayats has to be obtained before finalizing the location.

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Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision  Reuse and • The existing bitumen surface disposal of shall be utilized for paving of construction and cross roads, access roads, and dismantled waste paving works in construction sites and camps, temporary traffic diversions, and haulage routes. • All excavated materials from roadway, shoulders, verges, drains, cross drainage will be used for backfilling embankments, filling pits, and landscaping. • Unusable debris material should be suitably disposed off at pre- designated disposal locations, with approval of the concerned authority. The bituminous wastes shall be disposed in secure landfill sites only in environmentally accepted manner. For removal of debris, wastes and its disposal MOSRTH guidelines should be followed. • Unusable and surplus materials, as determined by the Project Engineer, will be removed and disposed off-site. 8. Accessibility, Traffic Management, Accident and Safety Risks  Design • Temporary traffic diversion shall Throughout the project corridor During Project Contractor SQC requirement and be planned by the contractor and Design requirement especially at intersections. constructi preparation Traffic Planning approved by the ‘Engineer’. and on stage and During • The traffic control plans shall IRC SP:55 construction Construction contain details of diversions; cost Stage traffic safety arrangements during construction; safety measures for nighttime traffic 125

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision and precautions for transportation of hazardous materials. Traffic control plans shall be prepared in line with requirements of IRC’s SP 55 document’. • The Contractor will ensure that the diversion/detour is always maintained in running condition, particularly during the monsoon to avoid disruption to traffic flow. • On stretches where it is not possible to pass the traffic on the part width of existing carriageway, temporary paved diversions will be constructed. • Restriction of construction activity to only one side of the existing road. • The contractor shall inform local community of changes to traffic routes, and pedestrian access arrangements with assistance from “Engineer”. • Use of adequate signages to ensure traffic management and safety. Conduct of regular safety audit on safety measures.  Pedestrians, • All measures for the safety of Design requirement Near habitation on both sides of Included in Contractor in SQC animal and traffic during construction viz. and schools, temples, hospitals, construction consultation Vehicular signs, markings, flags, lights and • IRC: SP: 27 - graveyards, construction sites, cost. with Forest movement, flagmen as proposed in the 1984 Report haulage roads, diversion sites department Traffic Control Plan/Drawings Containing (refer Table 5.3. Some of the and MPRDC shall be taken. Recommendation specific locations are: Agar, s of IRC Regional • Temporary access and diversion, Workshops on Barod, Islamnagar, Tal, Alot and with proper drainage facilities. Highway Safety Jaora • Access to the schools, temples • IRC:SP: 32 -1988 and other public places must be Road Safety for maintained when construction Children (5-12

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Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision takes place near them. Years Old) • Fencing wherever cattle • IRC:SP: 44 -1994 movement is expected. To avoid Highway Safety Code the need for cattle underpasses, • IRC: SP: 55 - some of the proposed culverts 2001 Guidelines `near habitations may be for Safety in widened to facilitate cattle Construction movement. Zones  Safety of Workers • Contractors to adopt and • The Building and Construction sites Constructi Included in Obligation of SQC and accident risk maintain safe working practices. other on period construction Contractor from construction • Usage of fluorescent and Construction cost activities workers Act 1996 retroflectory signage, in local and Cess Act of language at the construction 1996 sites • Factories Act • Training to workers on safety 1948 procedures and precautions. • Mandatory appointment of safety officer. • All regulations regarding safe scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, stairwells, excavations, trenches and safe means of entry and egress shall be complied with. • Provision of PPEs to workers. • Provision of a readily available first aid unit including an adequate supply of dressing materials. • The contractor will not employ any person below the age of 14 years for any work • Use of hazardous material should be minimized and/or restricted. • Emergency plan (to be approved by engineer) shall be prepared to respond to any accidents or 127

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision emergencies. • Accident Prevention Officer must be appointed by the contractor.  Accident risk to • Restrict access to construction Construction sites local community sites to authorized personnels • Physical separation must be provided for movement of vehicular and human traffic. • Adequate signages must be provided for safe traffic movement 9. Common Property Resources and other Utilities  Utilities • All telephone and electrical Project requirement Throughout the corridor Before Included in Contractor/SQ SQC poles/wires and underground Constructi construction / C cables should be shifted before on R and R cost. start of construction 10. Enhancement Measures  Environmental • Maintenance of tree Environmental Throughout the corridor Design Construction Contractor SQC enhancement plantations. Enhancement as and cost along the corridor • Enhancement/rehabilitation of part of project Constructi borrow areas and camp sites requirement on Stage etc. 11. Contractor Demobilization

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Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision  Clean-up • Contractor will prepare site Project requirement Throughout the Corridor and Immediate ---- Contractor SQC Operations, restoration plans, which will be borrow areas ly after Restoration and approved by the ‘Engineer’. Constructi Rehabilitation The clean-up and restoration on operations are to be implemented by the contractor prior to demobilization. • All construction zones including river-beds, culverts, road-side areas, camps, hot mix plant sites, crushers, batching plant sites and any other area used/affected by the project will be left clean and tidy, at the contractor's expense, to the satisfaction of the Environmental officer. All the opened borrow areas will be rehabilitated .and ‘Engineer’ will certify in this regard. B. Operation Stage 1. Climate and Air quality  Air pollution due • Roadside tree plantations shall Environmental Throughout the Corridor Througho Indicated In SQC/contractor to due to be maintained. Protection Act, ut EMoP vehicular • Regular maintenance of the road 1986; The Air operation movement will be done to ensure good (Prevention and period surface condition Control of Pollution) • Vehicular air pollution will be Act, 1981 managed and monitored at the toll plazas. • Ambient air quality monitoring. If monitored parameters are above the prescribed limit, suitable control measures must be taken. • Technological and behavioral changes • Road signs shall be provided reminding the motorist to 129

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision properly maintain their vehicles to economize on fuel consumption and protect the environment. 2. Noise Environment  Noise due to • Effective traffic management Noise Pollution Noise sensitive locations as Througho Included in SQC movement of and good riding conditions shall (Regulation and given in Table 5.1 (chapter 5) ut additional traffic be maintained to reduce the Control) Rules, operation plantation cost. noise level throughout the 2000 and period stretch and speed limitation and amendments honking restrictions may be thereof enforced near sensitive locations. • The effectiveness of the multilayered plantation should be monitored and if need be, solid noise barrier shall be placed. • Create awareness amongst the residents about likely noise levels from road operation at different distances, the safe ambient noise limits and easy to implement noise reduction measures while constructing a building close to the road.

3. Land and Soil  Soil erosion at • Periodic checking to be carried Project requirement At bridge locations specifically at Througho Included in SQC embankment to assess the effectiveness of Chambal, Choti Kali Sindh, ut Operation/ during heavy the stabilization measures viz. Kachal river and embankment operation Maintenance rain fall. turfing, stone pitching, river slopes and other probable soil period cost training structures etc. erosion areas. • Necessary measures to be followed wherever there are failures 4. Water Resources

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Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision  Contamination of • Monitoring of surface water Near surface Water bodies surface water bodies specifically at Chambal, Choti Indicated in quality due to Kali Sindh, Kachal river EMoP leakage of oil  Siltation • Regular visual checks shall be made to observe any incidence of blockage of drains/culverts. Regular checks shall be made for soil erosion and turfing conditions of river training structures for its effective maintenance.  Water logging • Regular checks shall be done Throughout the corridor due to blockage along the alignment to ensure of streams that flow of water is maintained through cross drains and other channels/streams. • Monitoring of water borne diseases due to stagnant water bodies  Protection of • Immediate removal of deposited Project requirement Identified Flood prone areas During Operation and SQC Embankment in silt from drainage channels and whole Maintenance Flood prone out-let points. Rejuvenation of operation Cost Areas the drainage system by removing stage encroachments/ congestions. This shall be done in close coordination with concerned department. • Long term strategy to be worked out with water resources, agriculture, soil and other department. 5. Flora and Fauna 131

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision  Vegetation • Planted trees, shrubs, and Forest Conservation Throughout project section During Indicated in SQC grasses to be properly Act 1980 whole Monitoring cost maintained. operation in EMoP • The tree survivalist audit to be period conducted at least once in a year to assess the effectiveness • Maintenance of box culverts, wherever provided. 6. Flooding/ inundation  Road inundation • MPRDC will ensure that all Project operation Throughout the stretch During Overall SQC due to choking of drains (side drains and all cross requirement particularly in rolling topography whole Operation cost drainage drainages) are periodically section operation channels cleared especially before period monsoon season to facilitate the quick passage of rainwater and avoid flooding. 7. Right-of-Way Maintenance  Accident Risk due • Efforts shall be made to make Project requirement Throughout the Project route During Included in SQC to uncontrolled shoulder completely clear of whole operation/ growth of vegetation. operation Maintenance vegetation • Regular maintenance of period. cost plantation along the roadside • Invasive plant not to be planted near the road. 8. Accidents and Safety  Accident risks • Traffic control measures, IRC:SP:55 Throughout the Project route During Included in SQC associated with including speed limits, will be whole operation/ traffic movement. enforced strictly. operation Maintenance • Further encroachment and period. cost squatting within the ROW will be prevented. • No school or hospital will be allowed to be established within 100 m of the highway without permission from the planning authorities.

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Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision • Monitor/ensure that all safety provisions included in design and construction phase are properly maintained • Highway patrol unit(s) for round the clock patrolling. Phone booths for accidental reporting and ambulance services with minimum response time for rescue of any accident victims, if possible. • Tow-away facility for the break down vehicles if possible. • Coordination with operating agency of intersecting National Highways to have common facilities and share the costs as appropriate if possible.  Transport of • Preparation of spill prevention Throughout the project stretch Included in SQC Dangerous and control and emergency operation/ Goods preparedness and responsive Maintenance plans based on an analysis of cost. hazards, implementation of presentation and control measures. • Emergency plan for vehicles carrying hazardous material 9. Monitoring Operation Performance  Monitoring • The MPRDC will monitor the Throughout the corridor Included in SQC Operation operational performance of the EMoP Performance various mitigation/ enhancement measures carried out as a part of the project • The indicators selected for monitoring include the survival rate of trees; utility of enhancement provision, status of rehabilitation of borrow areas, Air 133

Environmental Remedial Measure Reference to laws Approximate Time Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Issue/ Component /guidelines Location Frame Cost Implementation Supervision quality, water quality, noise levels, soil quality, drainage pattern, etc. EA: Executing Agency, MPRDC: Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation, SQC: Supervision Quality Controller, EO: Environmental Officer, IRC: Indian Road Congress

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APPENDIX 7.2: Monitoring Plan for the Performance Indicators Env. Project Frequency Approximate Indicator Parameters Method/Guidelines Location Standards Implementation Supervision Stage and Duration cost (Rs) s High volume sampler Hot mix plants, stone crushers to be located 50 m 24 hr Contractor and construction/ earthwork Construction from the plant in the continuous, 6x5000x3x3 through approved sites and as suggested by NAAQS SQC stage downwind direction. 3/year for 3 =Rs. 2,70,000 monitoring SQC Use method specified years agency SPM, (Total 6 Locations) by CPCB for analysis Air RSPM, SO2, High volume sampler Quality NOX, CO, to be located 50 m Major Road Intersections and 24 hr SQC through HC from the selected 6X5000x3X1 Operation Residential area continuous, approved locations in the NAAQS =Rs 90,000 SQC stage (6 Locations) 3/year for 1 monitoring downwind direction. year agency Use method specified by CPCB for analysis Groundwater at Construction Camps/site and Surface water Ground at and downstream of river Contractor Construction water: (IS: Chambal, Choti Kalisindh and 3/year for 3 6x 4000x3X3 through approved CPCB SQC stage 10500:1991) Kachal and any large pond years =Rs 216, 000 monitoring and Grab sample collected located close to the alignment agency Surface from source and being used by local water for analyze as per Water Class D and community. Quality Standard Methods for Class E as Groundwater at 2 locations and Prescribed Examination of Water by CPCB and Wastewater Surface water sample of river EO through and for Chambal, Choti Kalisindh and Operation 3/year for 1 6X3x4000 approved Kachal (downstream of bridge CPCB SQC stage vector borne year =Rs 72, 000 monitoring diseases Location) and stagnant water agency bodies developed due to borrow areas Once during Guidelines Siltation Visual Checks for presence of All rivers/streams/drainage rainy seasons Routine work from water in Water Construction construction debris/waste and channels and major water of the of Engineering Contractor SQC resources Bodies bodies along the stretch construction Team blockade of drainage channels department period. 135

Env. Project Frequency Approximate Indicator Parameters Method/Guidelines Location Standards Implementation Supervision Stage and Duration cost (Rs) s Guidelines EO, with support Once during Routine work from water of Water Operation operation of of Engineering SQC st resources Resource 1 year Team department Department Construction sites, major road Free field at 1 m from intersections and 1 each at 24 hr 10x1500x3x3 Construction the equipment whose residential, commercial and continuous, =Rs. 1,35,000 SQC SQC stage noise levels are being sensitive locations along the 3*/year for 3 Equivalent determined. alignment. years Noise levels Noise (10 Locations) on dB (A) MoEF levels Equivalent Noise scale for day levels using an Near residential, commercial and night Operation integrated noise level and silence zone. 3 / year for 1 6x3000x3X1 SQC SQC stage meter kept at a (6 Locations) year =Rs 54, 000 distance of 15 m from edge of Pavement NPK (ICAR standard ) Once during CPCB and Construction and heavy agricultural land and HMP whole NPK as per 12,000 SQC SQC Stage metals for sites construction ICAR Soil dredging stage standard Quality sites At oil spillage locations and Once for the Operation Oil and As specified by the other probable soil first year of CPCB 12,000 SQC SQC stage grease site engineer contamination location operation MPRDC/SQC Part of routine Construction Visual action of After first rain Contractor MPRDC Stage Visual check Throughout the project Checks engineering Soil for Soil corridor especially at River team Erosion erosion and banks, bridge locations Part of routine Once during Operation siltation structures Visual action of operation of Engineering Team of MPRDC Stage st Checks engineering 1 year team Throughout the Project Part of routine Drainage Once in a Construction Corridor especially at probable None action of Contractor’s Congesti Visual Checks year before SQC stage drainage congestion areas as Specific engineering Engineering Team on rainy season described in IEE team

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Env. Project Frequency Approximate Indicator Parameters Method/Guidelines Location Standards Implementation Supervision Stage and Duration cost (Rs) s Once in a Part of routine Operation year before None action of MPRDC Engineering Team Stage rainy season Specific engineering for 3 yrs team IRC guidelines Identification of and Best Contractor with Construction Visual Once in a borrow areas as per Borrow areas to be operated Practices approval from SQC Stage Checks month IEE for Borrow MPRDC Borrow Part of the area Areas Contract operation Borrow Operation Visual Rehabilitation as Quarterly for 1 Area Closed Borrow Areas MPRDC Stage Checks recommended in IEE year rehabilitatio n Plan Storage Area, Construct Construction IRC Quarterly ion Sites for guidelines Part of the Contractor with Construction Rapid audit as per during Sites and Hygiene, Construction Sites and Camp and to the regular approval from SQC stage reporting format construction Labour drainage satisfaction monitoring E.O., MPRDC period Camp Medical of SQC Facilities Etc. During site Surveillance monitoring of trees Construction Throughout the Project clearance in felling SQC/Local Forest Departments Stage Section construction As phase Included in Tree suggested overall The Engineer will be responsible Plantatio by Forest plantation Cost for monitoring upto the Defect n Operation Audit for survival rate of trees Throughout the Project Once in a Dept. Liability Period in any particular stage plantation Section year for years stretch. After this period the SQC will be responsible for monitoring Monitoring Costs: INR 0.86 Million MPRDC – Madhya Pradesh Road Development Corporation Limited, EO: Environmental Officer, SQC-Supervision Quality Controller; IS - India standard; NOx - Nitrogen Oxide; Pb - Plumbum, (lead); RPM - Respirable Particulate Matter; SO2 - Sulfur Dioxide; SPM - Suspended Particulate Matter, HC- Hydrocarbon, CO- Carbon monoxide