XCB: an X Protocol C Binding
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Release Notes for X11R6.8.2 the X.Orgfoundation the Xfree86 Project, Inc
Release Notes for X11R6.8.2 The X.OrgFoundation The XFree86 Project, Inc. 9February 2005 Abstract These release notes contains information about features and their status in the X.Org Foundation X11R6.8.2 release. It is based on the XFree86 4.4RC2 RELNOTES docu- ment published by The XFree86™ Project, Inc. Thereare significant updates and dif- ferences in the X.Orgrelease as noted below. 1. Introduction to the X11R6.8.2 Release The release numbering is based on the original MIT X numbering system. X11refers to the ver- sion of the network protocol that the X Window system is based on: Version 11was first released in 1988 and has been stable for 15 years, with only upwardcompatible additions to the coreX protocol, a recordofstability envied in computing. Formal releases of X started with X version 9 from MIT;the first commercial X products werebased on X version 10. The MIT X Consortium and its successors, the X Consortium, the Open Group X Project Team, and the X.OrgGroup released versions X11R3 through X11R6.6, beforethe founding of the X.OrgFoundation. Therewill be futuremaintenance releases in the X11R6.8.x series. However,efforts arewell underway to split the X distribution into its modular components to allow for easier maintenance and independent updates. We expect a transitional period while both X11R6.8 releases arebeing fielded and the modular release completed and deployed while both will be available as different consumers of X technology have different constraints on deployment. Wehave not yet decided how the modular X releases will be numbered. We encourage you to submit bug fixes and enhancements to bugzilla.freedesktop.orgusing the xorgproduct, and discussions on this server take place on <[email protected]>. -
Porting a Window Manager from Xlib to XCB
Porting a Window Manager from Xlib to XCB Arnaud Fontaine (08090091) 16 May 2008 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version pub- lished by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". Contents List of figures i List of listings ii Introduction 1 1 Backgrounds and Motivations 2 2 X Window System (X11) 6 2.1 Introduction . .6 2.2 History . .6 2.3 X Window Protocol . .7 2.3.1 Introduction . .7 2.3.2 Protocol overview . .8 2.3.3 Identifiers of resources . 10 2.3.4 Atoms . 10 2.3.5 Windows . 12 2.3.6 Pixmaps . 14 2.3.7 Events . 14 2.3.8 Keyboard and pointer . 15 2.3.9 Extensions . 17 2.4 X protocol client libraries . 18 2.4.1 Xlib . 18 2.4.1.1 Introduction . 18 2.4.1.2 Data types and functions . 18 2.4.1.3 Pros . 19 2.4.1.4 Cons . 19 2.4.1.5 Example . 20 2.4.2 XCB . 20 2.4.2.1 Introduction . 20 2.4.2.2 Data types and functions . 21 2.4.2.3 xcb-util library . 22 2.4.2.4 Pros . 22 2.4.2.5 Cons . 23 2.4.2.6 Example . 23 2.4.3 Xlib/XCB round-trip performance comparison . -
X Meets Z: Verifying Correctness in the Presence of POSIX Threads
X Meets Z: Verifying Correctness In The Presence Of POSIX Threads Bart Massey Robert Bauer Computer Science Department Rational Software Corporation Portland State University 1920 Amberglen Pkwy, Suite 200 Portland, Oregon USA 97207–0751 Beaverton, Oregon USA 97006 [email protected] [email protected] Abstract and guide the development of resulting code. While this approach is not a panacea, it typically does dramatically The engineering of freely-available UNIX software nor- reduce the likelihood of defects and increase confidence mally utilizes an informal analysis and design process in the developed system. A more surprising finding of coupled with extensive user testing. While this approach most of these case studies, confirmed by the authors’ ex- is often appropriate, there are situations for which it pro- perience in teaching formal methods to industrial prac- duces less-than-stellar results. titioners, is that Z-like lightweight formal methods are quite accessible to reasonably experienced software en- A case study is given of such a situation that arose dur- gineers. In fact, in many studies, the savings in time and ing the design and implementation of a thread-safe li- effort due to reduced defect rates has exceeded the extra brary for interaction with the X Window System. XCB cost of judiciously-applied formal analysis. is a C binding library for the X protocol designed to work transparently with either single-threaded or multi- Thus, using the Z notation to construct a lightweight threaded clients. Managing XCB client thread access to problem model can enable the construction of an algo- the X server while honoring the constraints of both XCB rithm for controlling client thread access to the server and the X server is thus a delicate matter. -
Ranger Environment Documentation
Ranger Environment Documentation Drew Dolgert May 18, 2010 Contents 1 Introduction 2 1.1 Ranger Hardware ....................................... 2 2 Connect 3 2.1 Login Nodes ........................................... 3 2.2 Exercise: Use SSH to Connect ................................ 3 2.2.1 SSH from Linux or Mac ................................ 3 2.2.2 SSH from Windows .................................. 3 2.3 Starting: Read Examples of Sessions ............................ 4 2.4 Further Exercise: Using X-Windows to Connect ...................... 5 2.4.1 Opening a Connection From Mac .......................... 5 2.4.2 Opening a Connection From Linux ......................... 6 2.4.3 Opening a Connection From Windows ....................... 6 2.5 Exercise: Connect with VNC ................................. 9 2.6 Further Exercise: Choose Your Shell ............................ 9 2.7 Advanced: Make Login Faster ................................ 10 2.7.1 Making Shortcuts on Windows ............................ 10 2.7.2 Setup SSH Keys for No Password Login ....................... 10 3 Using Module 10 3.1 About the Module Command ................................. 10 3.2 Discussion Exercise: Learn Modules ............................ 11 3.3 Modules List .......................................... 11 3.4 Exercise: Compilation with Modules ............................ 15 3.5 Further Exercise: Module Dependencies .......................... 15 4 Running in Batch 17 4.1 Text Editors ........................................... 17 4.1.1 VI Cheat Sheet -
The Future of X.Org on Non-GNU/Linux Systems
The future of X.Org on non-GNU/Linux systems Matthieu Herrb OpenBSD/X.Org February 2, 2013 Introduction X has always been multi-platform XFree86 was started on SVr4 and FreeBSD, ported on Linux later. GNU/Linux/Freedesktop is now dominating the market... Most of X.Org development happen on Linux But In the Free Software world, should it be the only one ? 2/18 Agenda 1 System-dependent components 2 Current status 3 Observations 4 Conclusion 3/18 History X11R5 : one DDX per system, used OS-Specific kernel interfaces also supported non TCP/IP network protocols (decnet,...) XFree86 2 & 3: one DDX for all systems with os-support layer, direct hw access to VGA cards, avoiding complex kernel interfaces for video card support XFree86 4: added the OS-independant modules loader X.Org 7 started removing support for older, non POSIX, non TCP-IP systems (VMS, DECnet, OS/2,..) Remove direct hw access (KMS, DRI2) Turn the DDX to a GNU/Linux ? 4/18 Modern X.Org architecture Toolkits & Applications libGL Mesa/Gallium driver libX11/libxcb X server X driver libdrm drm console driver kernel graphics hardware 5/18 System dependencies locations toolchain support C99 Threads (and TLS) SSE2/Arm NEON/sparc VIS/PPC Altivec supprt (pixman) xserver/hw/xfree86/common/compiler.h ← nightmare... xserver/hw/xfree86/os-support/ console driver interface xserver/confg/ device hot-plug interface libpciaccess PCI bus interface xf86-input-* system keyboard/mouse interface libdrm kernel interface, including KMS XQuartz Xwin 2 remaining system specific DDXen xf86-video-* video driver interfaces 6/18 Solaris Thanks to Alan Coopersmith for the data Latest release: Solaris 11.1 X is in the OS. -
Release Notes for Xfree86® 4.8.0 the Xfree86 Project, Inc December 2008
Release Notes for XFree86® 4.8.0 The XFree86 Project, Inc December 2008 Abstract This document contains information about the various features and their current sta- tus in the XFree86 4.8.0 release. 1. Introduction to the 4.x Release Series XFree86 4.0 was the first official release of the XFree86 4 series. The current release (4.8.0) is the latest in that series. The XFree86 4.x series represents a significant redesign of the XFree86 X server,with a strong focus on modularity and configurability. 2. Configuration: aQuickSynopsis Automatic configuration was introduced with XFree86 4.4.0 which makes it possible to start XFree86 without first creating a configuration file. This has been further improved in subsequent releases. If you experienced any problems with automatic configuration in a previous release, it is worth trying it again with this release. While the initial automatic configuration support was originally targeted just for Linux and the FreeBSD variants, as of 4.5.0 it also includes Solaris, NetBSD and OpenBSD support. Full support for automatic configuration is planned for other platforms in futurereleases. If you arerunning Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, or Solaris, try Auto Configuration by run- ning: XFree86 -autoconfig If you want to customise some things afterwards, you can cut and paste the automatically gener- ated configuration from the /var/log/XFree86.0.log file into an XF86Config file and make your customisations there. If you need to customise some parts of the configuration while leav- ing others to be automatically detected, you can combine a partial static configuration with the automatically detected one by running: XFree86 -appendauto If you areusing a platform that is not currently supported, then you must try one of the older methods for getting started like "xf86cfg", which is our graphical configuration tool. -
Porting X Windows System to Operating System Compliant with Portable Operating System Interface
(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 11, No. 7, 2020 Porting X Windows System to Operating System Compliant with Portable Operating System Interface Andrey V. Zhadchenko1, Kirill A. Mamrosenko2, Alexander M. Giatsintov3 Center of Visualization and Satellite Information Technologies Scientific Research Institute of System Analysis Moscow, Russia Abstract—Now-a-days graphical interface is very important separated process contexts [4]. Current graphical subsystem for any operating system, even the embedded ones. Adopting is server-client X windows system implementation named existing solutions will be much easier than developing your XFree86 with version 4.8.0. Although XFree86 [5] supports up own. Moreover, a lot of software may be reused in this case. to the X11R6.6 protocol version, which is barely enough to run This article is devoted to X Window System adaptation for modern applications, absence of many important extensions, Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) compliant real- for example, Xrender [6], implies heavy limits upon software. time operating system Baget. Many encountered problems come from the tight connection between X and Linux, therefore it is expected to encounter these issues during usage of X on non- Nowadays existing free software solutions in display Linux systems. Discussed problems include, but not limited to servers for operating systems are limited to two options: X the absence of dlopen, irregular file paths, specific device drivers. Windows System and Wayland [7]. However, there is a big Instructions and recommendations to solve these issues are given. ideological difference between them. X started it’s history a A comparison between XFree86 and Xorg implementations of X long time ago in the ’80s and was developed as an all-around is discussed. -
Release Notes for X11R7.5 the X.Org Foundation 1
Release Notes for X11R7.5 The X.Org Foundation 1 October 2009 These release notes contains information about features and their status in the X.Org Foundation X11R7.5 release. Table of Contents Introduction to the X11R7.5 Release.................................................................................3 Summary of new features in X11R7.5...............................................................................3 Overview of X11R7.5............................................................................................................4 Details of X11R7.5 components..........................................................................................5 Build changes and issues..................................................................................................10 Miscellaneous......................................................................................................................11 Deprecated components and removal plans.................................................................12 Attributions/Acknowledgements/Credits......................................................................13 Introduction to the X11R7.5 Release This release is the sixth modular release of the X Window System. The next full release will be X11R7.6 and is expected in 2010. Unlike X11R1 through X11R6.9, X11R7.x releases are not built from one monolithic source tree, but many individual modules. These modules are distributed as individ- ual source code releases, and each one is released when it is ready, instead -
Proceedings of the FREENIX Track: 2002 USENIX Annual Technical Conference
USENIX Association Proceedings of the FREENIX Track: 2002 USENIX Annual Technical Conference Monterey, California, USA June 10-15, 2002 THE ADVANCED COMPUTING SYSTEMS ASSOCIATION © 2002 by The USENIX Association All Rights Reserved For more information about the USENIX Association: Phone: 1 510 528 8649 FAX: 1 510 548 5738 Email: [email protected] WWW: http://www.usenix.org Rights to individual papers remain with the author or the author's employer. Permission is granted for noncommercial reproduction of the work for educational or research purposes. This copyright notice must be included in the reproduced paper. USENIX acknowledges all trademarks herein. XCL : An Xlib Compatibility Layer For XCB Jamey Sharp Bart Massey Computer Science Department Portland State University Portland, Oregon USA 97207–0751 fjamey,[email protected] Abstract 1 The X Window System The X Window System [SG86] is the de facto standard technology for UNIX applications wishing to provide a graphical user interface. The power and success of the X model is due in no small measure to its separation of The X Window System has provided the standard graph- hardware control from application logic with a stable, ical user interface for UNIX systems for more than 15 published client-server network protocol. In this model, years. One result is a large installed base of X applica- the hardware controller is considered the server, and in- tions written in C and C++. In almost all cases, these dividual applications and other components of a com- programs rely on the Xlib library to manage their inter- plete desktop environment are clients. -
Sun Secure Global Desktop 4.5 Administration Guide
Sun Secure Global Desktop 4.5 Administration Guide Sun Microsystems, Inc. www.sun.com Part No. 820-6689-10 April 2009, Revision 01 Submit comments about this document at: http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/form/comments Copyright 2008-2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara, California 95054, U.S.A. All rights reserved. Sun Microsystems, Inc. has intellectual property rights relating to technology that is described in this document. In particular, and without limitation, these intellectual property rights may include one or more of the U.S. patents listed at http://www.sun.com/patents and one or more additional patents or pending patent applications in the U.S. and in other countries. U.S. Government Rights - Commercial software. Government users are subject to the Sun Microsystems, Inc. standard license agreement and applicable provisions of the FAR and its supplements. This distribution may include materials developed by third parties. Parts of the product may be derived from Berkeley BSD systems, licensed from the University of California. UNIX is a registered trademark in the U.S. and in other countries, exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd. Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, Solaris, OpenSolaris, Java, JavaScript, JDK, JavaServer Pages, JSP,JavaHelp, JavaBeans, JVM, JRE, Sun Ray, and StarOffice are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. in the U.S. and in other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. -
Xlib − C Language X Interface Xconsortium Standard Xversion 11, Release 6.7 DRAFT
Xlib − C Language X Interface XConsortium Standard XVersion 11, Release 6.7 DRAFT James Gettys Cambridge Research Laboratory Digital Equipment Corporation Robert W.Scheifler Laboratory for Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology with contributions from Chuck Adams, Tektronix, Inc. Vania Joloboff, Open Software Foundation Hideki Hiura, Sun Microsystems, Inc. Bill McMahon, Hewlett-Packard Company Ron Newman, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Al Tabayoyon, Tektronix, Inc. Glenn Widener,Tektronix, Inc. Shigeru Yamada, Fujitsu OSSI The X WindowSystem is a trademark of The Open Group. TekHVC is a trademark of Tektronix, Inc. Copyright © 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1994, 1996, 2002 The Open Group Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to anyperson obtaining a copyofthis software and associated documenta- tion files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify,merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Soft- ware. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOTLIMITED TOTHE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,FITNESS FOR A PARTIC- ULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.INNOEVENT SHALL THE X CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,TORTOROTH- ERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. Except as contained in this notice, the name of The Open Group shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to pro- mote the sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization from The Open Group. -
Upgrading and Performance Analysis of Thin Clients in Server Based Scientific Computing
Institutionen för Systemteknik Department of Electrical Engineering Examensarbete Upgrading and Performance Analysis of Thin Clients in Server Based Scientific Computing Master Thesis in ISY Communication System By Rizwan Azhar LiTH-ISY-EX - - 11/4388 - - SE Linköping 2011 Department of Electrical Engineering Linköpings Tekniska Högskola Linköpings universitet Linköpings universitet SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden 581 83 Linköping, Sweden Upgrading and Performance Analysis of Thin Clients in Server Based Scientific Computing Master Thesis in ISY Communication System at Linköping Institute of Technology By Rizwan Azhar LiTH-ISY-EX - - 11/4388 - - SE Examiner: Dr. Lasse Alfredsson Advisor: Dr. Alexandr Malusek Supervisor: Dr. Peter Lundberg Presentation Date Department and Division 04-02-2011 Department of Electrical Engineering Publishing Date (Electronic version) Language Type of Publication ISBN (Licentiate thesis) X English Licentiate thesis ISRN: Other (specify below) X Degree thesis LiTH-ISY-EX - - 11/4388 - - SE Thesis C-level Thesis D-level Title of series (Licentiate thesis) 55 Report Number of Pages Other (specify below) Series number/ISSN (Licentiate thesis) URL, Electronic Version http://www.ep.liu.se Publication Title Upgrading and Performance Analysis of Thin Clients in Server Based Scientific Computing Author Rizwan Azhar Abstract Server Based Computing (SBC) technology allows applications to be deployed, managed, supported and executed on the server and not on the client; only the screen information is transmitted between the server and client. This architecture solves many fundamental problems with application deployment, technical support, data storage, hardware and software upgrades. This thesis is targeted at upgrading and evaluating performance of thin clients in scientific Server Based Computing (SBC). Performance of Linux based SBC was assessed via methods of both quantitative and qualitative research.