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St. Mary's Convent in Matara, Sri Lanka St. Mary’s Convent in Matara / Sri Lanka 100 Jahre multiethnische und multireligiöse Erziehung Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktor Philosophiae (Dr. phil.) Eingereicht von MMag. Herbert Neururer bei Uni. Prof. Dr. Peter Stöger Fakultät für Bildungswissenschaften der Leopold-Franzens-Iniversität Innsbruck Innsbruck, 2014 Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Vorwort ............................................................................................................................................ 1 2. Einleitung ......................................................................................................................................... 2 3. Reise zum St. Mary’s Convent in Matara / Sri Lanka ...................................................................... 3 4. Fragestellung und persönliches Interesse an der Arbeit zu diesem Thema. ................................. 12 5. Theoretische Grundlagen .............................................................................................................. 12 6. Topographie und Geschichte Sri Lankas ........................................................................................ 39 6.1. Frühe Geschichte ........................................................................................................................... 39 6.1.1. Einwanderung aus Indien ....................................................................................................... 39 6.1.1.1. Singhalesen ................................................................................................................ 39 6.1.1.2. Tamilen ...................................................................................................................... 40 6.2. Die Königreiche Kotte und Kandy .......................................................................................... 41 6.3. Kolonialisierung durch die Europäer: Portugal, Niederlande, Großbritannien ..................... 42 7. Geschichte der katholischen Kirche in der Diözese Galle .............................................................. 43 8. Die Sisters of Charity of Jesus and Mary ........................................................................................ 44 9. Entwicklung des Schulwesens in Sri Lanka im 20. Jahrhundert ..................................................... 49 10. Das gegenwärtige Schulsystem in Sri Lanka .................................................................................. 51 10.1. Die nationalen Prüfungen ...................................................................................................... 57 10.1.1. Grade 5 Scholarship Examination .................................................................................. 57 10.1.2. Die Prüfung Mittlerer Reife: G.C.E. (O/L) Examination ................................................. 59 10.1.3. G.C.E. (A/L) Examination in Sri Lanka ............................................................................ 64 11. Studieren in Sri Lanka – Der Weg zum Studium ............................................................................ 83 11.1. Gendermäßige Verteilung der Schulbildung in Sri Lanka. ..................................................... 89 11.2. Regionale Verteilung von Bildung in Sri Lanka ....................................................................... 91 12. Bewertung der Ausbildung in Sri Lanka ......................................................................................... 93 12.1. Die Arbeitsmarktsituation in Sri Lanka .................................................................................. 93 12.2. Qualitätsverbesserung der Schulausbildung in Sri Lanka .................................................... 101 13. Matara, eine Stadt in der Südprovinz an der Südküste Sri Lankas .............................................. 120 14. St. Mary’s Convent – eine Schule im Süden Sri Lankas ............................................................... 121 14.1. Lage des St. Mary’s Convents .............................................................................................. 127 14.2. Die Schulzweige des St. Mary’s Convents ............................................................................ 129 14.2.1. Die Primary School des St. Mary’s Convents ............................................................... 129 14.2.2. Die Secondary Senior School (Grade 10-13) des St. Mary’s Convents ........................ 132 14.3. Administration der Schule durch die Sisters ........................................................................ 134 14.3.1. Lehrpersonenausbildung in Sri Lanka .......................................................................... 136 I 14.4. Der Tagesablauf im St. Mary’s Convent ............................................................................... 140 14.5. Die nationalen Bildungsziele und das St. Mary’s Convent ................................................... 141 15. Interviews mit Personen anderer Kulturen: methodische Überlegungen .................................. 149 16. Zusammenleben unterschiedlicher Kulturen bzw. Ethnien und Religionen ................................ 156 17. Zufriedenheit mit dem St. Mary’s Convent ................................................................................. 160 18. St. Mary’s Convent im nationalen Vergleich ............................................................................... 193 19. Zusammenfassende Bewertung der Datenlage und Interviews ................................................. 205 20. Resüme ........................................................................................................................................ 215 21. Hypothesengenerierung .............................................................................................................. 216 Anhang ................................................................................................................................................ 218 Interviews Transkripte ......................................................................................................................... 288 Literaturliste ........................................................................................................................................ 410 1. Printmedien ......................................................................................................................... 410 2. Internetquellen .................................................................................................................... 413 Glossar Akronyme und Abkürzungen .................................................................................................. 417 II Abbildungsverzeichnis Abb. 1: Die fleißigsten Geldsammlerinnen; Foto Neururer, 2005 .......................................................... 3 Abb. 2: Kumari Kulatunga, freiwillige Hilfskraft; Foto Neururer ............................................................. 4 Abb. 3: Sayomi and Rob Richert; Foto Neururer, 2005 ........................................................................... 5 Abb. 4: Sister Sandamali Kureira, Prinzipal des St. Mary’s Convent, Matara; Foto Neururer, 2005....... 5 Abb. 5: Mädchen des STMC in Schuluniform; Foto Neururer, 2005 ....................................................... 6 Abb. 6: Besuch eines Klassenzimmers; Foto Neururer ............................................................................ 6 Abb. 7: Das ehemalige Musikzimmer; Foto Neururer, 2005 ................................................................... 6 Abb. 8: Der tosende Ozean unmitelbar neben der Schule ...................................................................... 7 Abb. 9: Konzentriertes Lernen; Foto Neururer, 2005 ............................................................................. 7 Abb. 10: Ursprünglicher Ort der Schule; Foto Neururer, 2005 ............................................................... 8 Abb. 11: möglicher Neubau der Schule; Foto Neururer, 2005 ................................................................ 9 Abb. 12: Resthaus; Foto Neururer, 2005 ............................................................................................... 10 Abb. 13: Mitgerissenes Kruzifix; Foto Neururer, 2005 ......................................................................... 10 Abb. 14: Stillstand durch den Tsunami – auch der Zeit; Foto Neururer, 2005 ...................................... 11 Abb. 15: Ausblick ohne Zimmer; Foto Neururer, 2005 ......................................................................... 11 Abb. 16: Die ersten Sisters in Matara mit Waisen – 1908 ..................................................................... 47 Abb. 17: Schülerinnen, Nonnen und Priester - 1910 ............................................................................. 47 Abb. 18: Spitze, von einem der Waisenkinder hergestellt. .................................................................. 47 Abb. 19: Mädchen lernen Handarbeit – um 1912 .................................................................. 47 Abb. 20: Gebäude des Konvents um 1908 ........................................................................................ 48 Abb. 21: Steine zur Befestigung der Mauern ........................................................................................ 48 Abb. 22: Konvent nach dem Neubau 1934 ........................................................................................ 49 Abb. 23: Konvent 2006; Foto Neururer .......................................................................................
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