Al-Ghazālī on Divine Essence: a Translation from The
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Ideological Background of Rationality in Islam
31 Al-Hikmat Volume 28 (2008), pp. 31-56 THE IDEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND OF RATIONALITY IN ISLAM MALIK MUHAMMAD TARIQ* Abstract. Islam the religion of Muslims, founded on Qu’rānic revelations transmitted through the Prophet Muhammad (570-632 AD). The Arabic roots slm, convey the ideas of safety, obedience, submission, commitment, and dedication. The word Islam signifies the self-surrender to Allah that characterizes a Muslim’s relation- ship with God. Islamic tradition records that in 610 and 632 CE Prophet Muhammad began to receive revelations from God through the mediation of Angel Gabriel. The revelations were memorized and recorded word by word, and are today found in Arabic text of the Qur’ān in the precisely the manner God intended.1 The community, working on the basis of pieces of text written ‘on palm leaves or flat stones or in the heart of men’, compiled the text some thirty years after the death of Prophet Muhammad.2 All the Muslims assert unequivocally the divine authorship of the Qur’ān, Muhammad is but the messenger through which it was revealed. Theoretically, the Qur’ān is the primary source of guidance in the Islamic community (Ummah). The Qur’ān text does not, however, provide solutions for every specific problem that might arise. To determine norm of practice, Muslims turned to the lives of Prophet Muhammad and his early companions, preserved in Sunnah, the living tradition of the community. Originally the practicing of Sunnah varied from place to place, reflecting the pre-Islamic local customs of particular region. By the 9th century, however, the diversity evident in local traditions was branded as an innovation (bid’a). -
Transcendence of God
TRANSCENDENCE OF GOD A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE OLD TESTAMENT AND THE QUR’AN BY STEPHEN MYONGSU KIM A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE PHILOSOPHIAE DOCTOR (PhD) IN BIBLICAL AND RELIGIOUS STUDIES IN THE FACULTY OF HUMANITIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA SUPERVISOR: PROF. DJ HUMAN CO-SUPERVISOR: PROF. PGJ MEIRING JUNE 2009 © University of Pretoria DEDICATION To my love, Miae our children Yein, Stephen, and David and the Peacemakers around the world. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, I thank God for the opportunity and privilege to study the subject of divinity. Without acknowledging God’s grace, this study would be futile. I would like to thank my family for their outstanding tolerance of my late studies which takes away our family time. Without their support and kind endurance, I could not have completed this prolonged task. I am grateful to the staffs of University of Pretoria who have provided all the essential process of official matter. Without their kind help, my studies would have been difficult. Many thanks go to my fellow teachers in the Nairobi International School of Theology. I thank David and Sarah O’Brien for their painstaking proofreading of my thesis. Furthermore, I appreciate Dr Wayne Johnson and Dr Paul Mumo for their suggestions in my early stage of thesis writing. I also thank my students with whom I discussed and developed many insights of God’s relationship with mankind during the Hebrew Exegesis lectures. I also remember my former teachers from Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, especially from the OT Department who have shaped my academic stand and inspired to pursue the subject of this thesis. -
Doctor of Philosophy
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by AMU Repository (Knowledge Repository) THE CONCEPT OF LIGHT IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF ISHRAQ THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF Doctor of Philosophy IN PHILOSOPHY By NAZIMA HASSAN UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF Dr. HAYAT AMIR DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 2015 Dedicated to My Loving Parents & Supervisor Exter : 2700920-21-24 Phones Inter.: 1550-1551 DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY Dated…………………… Certificate This is to certify that the thesis titled “TheConcept ofLight in the Philosophy of Ishraq” is an original piece of research carried out byMs.Nazima Hassan (Enrol.No.GC-2061)under my supervision and the same has not been published or submitted elsewhere for the award of any other degree. Miss Nazima Hassan has consulted all the relevant and appropriate research material with regard to the topic of her Ph.D.theis. In my opinion, the present research work is of high quality and fit to be submitted for the award of the degree of the Doctor of Philosophy in Philosophy of the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (India). (Dr. Hayat Aamir) Supervisor ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Every Time We Remember to Say “Thank You”, We Experience Nothing less than Heaven on Earth. -Sarah Ban Breathnach I pen down my immense gratitude to all the people who were associated with me in any form during the tenure of this research work. It is rather a pleasure to convey my gratitude to all of them. This is the best opportunity and my pleasant duty to express my deep sense of gratitude to my esteemed supervisor, Dr. -
The Sufi Doctrine of Rumi by William Chittick
Woi*ld Wisdom trl^e J_ib»'cii*y of "Pet^cunicil "PHiIosopKy The Library of Perennial Philosophy is dedicated to the exposition of the timeless Truth underlying the diverse religions. This Truth, often referred to as the Sophia Perennis—or Perennial Wisdom—finds its expression in the revealed Scriptures as well as the writings of the great sages and the artistic creations of the traditional worlds. The Perennial Philosophy provides the intellectual principles capable of ex• plaining both the formal contradictions and the transcendent unity of the great religions. Ranging from the writings of the great sages of the past, to the perennialist authors of our time, each series of our Library has a difi^erent focus. As a whole, they express the inner unanimity, transforming radiance, and irreplaceable values of the great spiritual traditions. The Sufi Doctrine of Rumi: Illustrated Edition appears as one of our selections in the Spiritual Masters: East & West series. 3pi»*itMcil 7Vlciste»»s: G-cxs\ & West Sej'ies This series presents the writings of great spiritual masters of the past and present from both East and West. Carefully selected essential writings of these sages are combined with biographical information, glossaries of technical terms, historical maps, and pictorial and photographic art in order to communicate a sense of their respective spiritual climates. Page from a manuscript of Rumi's Mathnawi The Sufi Doctrine of Rumi . : Illustrated Edition William C. Chittick Foreword by Wocld Wisdom • // / • The Sufi Doctrine of Rumi: Illustrated Edition © 2005 World Wisdom, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced, in any manner without written permission, except in critical articles and reviews. -
Majid Majidi and Baran: Iranian Cinematic Poetics and the Spiritual Poverty of Rumi
Journal of Religion & Film Volume 15 Issue 2 October 2011 Article 4 October 2011 Majid Majidi and Baran: Iranian Cinematic Poetics and the Spiritual Poverty of Rumi Michael Pittman Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/jrf Recommended Citation Pittman, Michael (2011) "Majid Majidi and Baran: Iranian Cinematic Poetics and the Spiritual Poverty of Rumi," Journal of Religion & Film: Vol. 15 : Iss. 2 , Article 4. Available at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/jrf/vol15/iss2/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Religion & Film by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Majid Majidi and Baran: Iranian Cinematic Poetics and the Spiritual Poverty of Rumi Abstract Over the past several decades, Iranian Cinema, through the use of themes and stories, shots and pacing, has developed a narrative style outside of Western-dominated cinematic forms. The work of Iranian director Majid Majidi reflects some of the many themes of Sufi poetry. In particular, Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī’s poetry characteristically and repeatedly expresses the beauty of the spiritual poverty that results in the struggle with the nafs, or the lower soul. Through the lens of the work of Rumi on spiritual poverty, this article shows how the themes and filmic techniques used by Majidi in the 2000 film Baran reveal a rich and compelling narrative of cinema. This article is available in Journal of Religion & Film: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/jrf/vol15/iss2/4 Pittman: Majid Majidi and Baran: Iranian Cinematic Poetics Iranian Cinema has developed a thriving, compelling poetics of film in the past few decades – and this new cinema of Iran has been frequently cited to have begun with the 1969 Mehrjuri film The Cow (Gav). -
THE REIGN of AL-IHAKIM Bl AMR ALLAH ‘(386/996 - 41\ / \ Q 2 \ % "A POLITICAL STUDY"
THE REIGN OF AL-IHAKIM Bl AMR ALLAH ‘(386/996 - 41\ / \ Q 2 \ % "A POLITICAL STUDY" by SADEK ISMAIL ASSAAD Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of London May 1971 ProQuest Number: 10672922 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672922 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT The present thesis is a political study of the reign of al-Hakim Bi Amr Allah the sixth Fatimid Imam-Caliph who ruled between 386-411/ 996-1021. It consists of a note on the sources and seven chapters. The first chapter is a biographical review of al-Hakim's person. It introduces a history of his birth, childhood, succession to the Caliphate, his education and private life and it examines the contradiction in the sources concerning his character. Chapter II discusses the problems which al-Hakim inherited from the previous rule and examines their impact on the political life of his State. Chapter III introduces the administration of the internal affairs of the State. -
RSOC 154. Winter 2016 Jesus in Islam and Christianity
RSOC 154. Winter 2016 Jesus in Islam and Christianity: A Comparison of Christologies Instructor: Professor D. Pinault Tuesday-Thursday 2.00-3.40pm Classroom: Kenna 310 Prof. Pinault’s Office: Kenna 323 I Telephone: 408-554-6987 Email: [email protected] Office hours: Tuesday & Thursday 4.15- 5.15pm & by appointment NB: This is an RTC level 3 course. Course prerequisites: Introductory- and intermediate-level courses in Religious Studies. RSOC 154. Winter 2016. Jesus in Islam & Christianity. Syllabus. 1 | Page Course description. A prefatory comment: Too often, in my experience, Muslim-Christian dialogue, motivated by a praiseworthy and entirely understandable desire to minimize violence and destructive prejudice, tends to emphasize whatever the two religions share in common. Interfaith gatherings motivated by such concerns sometimes neglect points of substantive difference between the faiths, especially with regard to Islamic and Christian understandings of Jesus. This is regrettable, and certainly not the approach I propose to attempt as you and I undertake this course. Instead, while acknowledging certain similarities between Islam and Christianity, and giving attention to the highly important commonalities they share with Judaism (all three faiths, it should be noted, are given a special shared status in Islamic theology as al-adyan al- samawiyah, “the heavenly religions”), I nonetheless will emphasize the radical differences between Islam and Christianity in their understandings of Jesus. I do this for a specific reason. I believe that highlighting only the similarities between these traditions does a disservice to both, whereas a critical yet sympathetic comparison of Islamic and Christian Christologies allows us to appreciate the distinctive spiritual treasures available in each religion. -
Understanding Sufism
Abstract This thesis addresses the problem of how to interpret Islamic writers without imposing generic frameworks of later and partly Western derivation. It questions the overuse of the category “Sufism” which has sometimes been deployed to read anachronistic concerns into Islamic writers. It does so by a detailed study of some of the key works of the 13th century writer Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah (d. 709/1309). In this way it fills a gap in the learned literature in two ways. Firstly, it examines the legitimacy of prevalent conceptualisations of the category “Sufism.” Secondly, it examines the work of one Sufi thinker, and asks in what ways, if any, Western categories may tend to distort its Islamic characteristics. The methodology of the thesis is primarily exegetical, although significant attention is also paid to issues of context. The thesis is divided into two parts. Part One sets up the problem of Sufism as an organizational category in the literature. In doing so, this part introduces the works of Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah, and justifies the selection from his works for the case study in Part Two. Part Two provides a detailed case study of the works of Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah. It opens with some of the key issues involved in understanding an Islamic thinker, and gives a brief overview of Ibn ‘Ata’ Allah’s life. This is followed by an examination of materials on topics such as metaphysics, ontology, epistemology, eschatology, ethics, and soteriology. In each case it is suggested that these topics may be misleading unless care is taken not to import Western conceptuality where it is not justified by the texts. -
Is an Intra-Islamic Theological Ecumenism Possible? a Response to Sherman Jackson Atif Khalil
Review Essay Is an Intra-Islamic Theological Ecumenism Possible? A Response to Sherman Jackson Atif Khalil It is rare to find within contemporary Islamic thought writers who are con- versant in both the classical Islamic theological heritage and recent develop- ments in philosophy and theology. More often than not, those who do attempt to engage in Islamic theology display either an ignorance of the past or the present. This is not, however, the case with Sherman Jackson, who joins a small handful of others, such as S. H. Nasr, Khalid Abou Fadl, and Abdal Hakim Murad, whose works – diverse as they are – reflect a grasp of both the Muslim intellectual tradition and modern thought. Jackson’s recent On the Boundaries of Theological Tolerance in Islam (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2002) is not only a translation of al- Ghazali’s Faysal al-Tafriqah bayna al-Islam wa al-Zandaqah (The Decisive Criterion for Distinguishing Islam from Masked Infidelity), one of the most significant medieval attempts to formulate a method to definitive- ly delineate “orthodoxy,” but is prefaced by a highly original essay in which, among other things, he ventures to extend al-Ghazali’s project by redefining and expanding the limits of Islamic orthodoxy within a contem- porary context. In this sense, the introduction is a creative and laudable attempt by a serious Muslim thinker to do Islamic theology rather than merely exposit the dogmatic formulations of his medieval predecessors. As such, the introductory essay is the most original part of the book,1 since it is here that Jackson argues, among other things, for the possibility of an intra-Islamic theological ecumenism, one in which creedal schools that pre- Atif Khalil is affiliated with the Center for the Study of Religion, the University of Toronto, Canada. -
Experiencing Taw1jid
Experiencing Taw1jid Ibn ~rabtand the Power ofImagination By Adil S. Dhanidina A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree ofMaster of Arts Institute ofIslamic Studies McGill University Montreal, Quebec, Canada August 2004 cg Adil S. Dhanidina, 2004 AlI Rights Reserved Library and Bibliothèque et 1+1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l'édition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Canada Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 0-494-12713-9 Our file Notre référence ISBN: 0-494-12713-9 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant à la Bibliothèque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par télécommunication ou par l'Internet, prêter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des thèses partout dans loan, distribute and sell th es es le monde, à des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non sur support microforme, papier, électronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriété du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protège cette thèse. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation. -
Cyclical Time and Ismaili Gnosis
ISLAMIC TEXTS AND CONTEXTS Cyclical Time General Editor Hermann Landolt and Ismaili Gnosis Professor of Islamic Studies, McGill University, Montreal and The Institute of Ismaili Studies, London Henry Corbin Assistant Editors KEGAN PAUL INTERNATIONAL London, Boston, Melbourne and Henley Elizabeth Brine in association with Dr James Morris ISLAMIC PUBLICATIONS The Institute of Ismaili Studies London The Institute of Ismaili Studies, London The Institute of Ismaili Studies was established in December 1977 with the object of promoting scholarship and learning in Islam, and a better understanding of other faiths, beliefs and practices. Its programmes are designed to encourage a balanced study of Islam and the diversity that exists within its fundamental unity. They also deal with the contemporary situation of the Islamic World, focusing on issues that are critical to its well-being. Since 1980 the Institute has been affiliated to McGill University, Mon- treal, Canada. It also works in association with other universities. With the co-operation of McGill University, the Institute runs a Depart- ment of Graduate Studies and Research (London and Paris). The series "Islamic Texts and Contexts" is edited by this Department. The views expressed in this series are those of the respective authors. Contents Editorial Note IX 1 CYCLICAL TIME IN MAZDAISM AND ISMAILISM 1 Translated by Ralph Manheim 1. Cyclical Time in Mazdaism 1 The Ages of the World in Zoroastrian Mazdaism 1 The Absolute Time of Zervanism 12 Dramaturgical Alterations 20 Time as a Personal Archetype 22 2. CyclicalTime in Ismailism 30 Absolute Time and Limited Time in the Ismaili Cosmology 30 The Periods and Cycles of Mythohistory 37 Resurrection as the Horizon of the Time of "Combat for the Angel" . -
MINISTERING to the SPIRITUAL HEART of MUSLIM WOMEN Lois Smithson (Pseudonym)
24 MINISTERING TO THE SPIRITUAL HEART OF MUSLIM WOMEN Lois Smithson (pseudonym) This chapter is dedicated to Dr. Jerald Whitehouse, whose focus on meeting the spiritual heart needs of Muslim people touched an answering cord in my heart. At the center of all that Dr. Whitehouse has shared, both with Muslims and those of us who have been fortunate enough to journey with him, is the need for our hearts to be transformed through a living relationship with God. This focus has led me on a most unexpected journey, which not only transformed my own spiritual life, but has given me the privilege of being a witness to the work of God in the hearts of my Muslim friends. Introduction In this article I propose that ministry among Muslim women requires first and foremost a spiritually focused approach through which an individual or group or community connects with God at a deep spiritual level, thereby meeting their heart-felt needs.1 1Felt needs are at the heart of a person’s and communities’ worldview which, as Charles H. Kraft notes, is at the deep level of “assumptions, values and commitments” (1989:20). 404 Festschrift: Jerald Whitehouse Before proceeding it is important to define the term “spiritual” or “spirituality.” This is an often ill-defined concept in today’s world. Eugene Peterson notes that this pristine word, once used exclusively in religious contexts, has been used indiscriminately by all sorts of people, often being dragged into the rough and tumble dirt of the market place and playground (2005:27). In the process of retrieving its original meaning based in Scripture Peterson defines it as “an operation of God in which our human lives are pulled into and made participants in the life of God” (2005:31).