USB Redriver and Type-C Solutions
High Speed Signal Conditioning
Zhihong Lin
1
The evolution of USB
1998 2000 2008 2013 2014 2017 2019 USB3.0 USB1.x USB2.0 USB3.1 Gen 1 USB3.1 Gen 2 USB Type-C USB3.2x2 USB4
USB: 40Gbps Low Speed USB: 20Gbps High Speed SuperSpeed SuperSpeed+ USB: 10Gbps Thunderbolt 3: : 1.5Mbps 2 x 10Gbps : 480Mpbs : 5Gbps : 10Gbps DP: 8.1Gbps 40Gbps Full Speed per Type-C FS, LS HS/FS/LS SS/HS/FS/LS Power: 100W DisplayPort : 12Mbps port 2 x 20Gbps
USB-C only
2 USB Type-C: unified interface for data, video & power
Type-C feature benefits USB Type-C USB Type-A or Type-B
Higher data throughput Up to 40Gbps Up to 10Gbps Multiple protocols USB, DisplayPort, USB data only Thunderbolt, HDMI… High power delivery 100W (up to 20V, 5A) 7.5W (up to 5V, 1.5A)
One size for all USB
Type-A Type-B Micro-B USB Type-C Video and power HDMI DisplayPort Power jack
3 The USB signal fundamentals
Host Device D+
D- USB2.0 with wire bi-directional interface USB2.0 signals Vbus GND Either USB2 or USB3 is active at any given time USB3.x SSTX+ SSTX- SuperSpeed(+) adds a dual-simplex data path with SuperSpeed(+) revised USB protocol signals SSRX+ SSRX- USB Type-C flippable receptacle interface
High-speed data, Sideband use, not High-speed data USB SS, SS+ TX or USB2 data used for USB, AUX USB SS, SS+ RX or DP Alt Mode for DP DP Alt Mode
SBU
SBU
Configuration channel, for cable attach, orientation, role Cable Cable bus detection and current mode. One becomes VCONN to ground power supply power for cable or adaptor – CC or PD controller. USB Type-C plug interface
RX2+ RX2- SBU D- D+ CC TX1- TX1+
TX2+ TX2- VCONN SBU RX1- RX1+
Overview: Conventionally, USB2 D+ and D- pins are stubbed at the PCB near the receptacle, so a mux is not required for USB2 interface. USB Type-C design considerations
If signal Add USB2 USB2 conditioning is needed redriver
Data and If signal Add USB3 USB3 USB3 Mux conditioning is video needed redriver Add Alt Alt Mode If signal conditioning is Mode Alt mode mux needed redriver
CC If power <=15W controller
PD Power If power >15W controller
PD If need Alt mode controller
7 Enable USB Type-C flippable connector using configuration switch/mux
Configuration Benefits: TX1 SSTX switch/mux RX2 • USB Type-C switch can reduce
SSRX TX1 pin out and complexity in USB RX1 controller. DP USB 2.0 • Same switch required in both
DM USB controller USB SBU1 host and device. AUX SBU2 • Switch can be integrated with
CC
CC1 USB signal conditioner and CC VCONN CC2 functions. GPIO/I2C
• SBU mux required for Alt Modes PD controller PD CC controller CC Device to VBUS Device Power • USB 2.0 mux optional. GND
8 Signal integrity challenges with high-speed signals
Overview: High-speed signals suffer signal integrity degradation over long PCB traces or cables
250Mbps 2Gbps 4Gbps 6Gbps
Signal degradation with different data rate over 36-inch trace
9 10Gbps Signal degradation over different cable length Improve USB Type-C signal quality using redrivers
Gigabit signals are subject to signal integrity degradation due to long trace, cross connectors, long cable and capacitance lines
Redrivers enable better USB Type-C solution performance: • Provides optimal equalization to compensate intersymbol interference. • Improves signal quality, maintain signal integrity over long trace or cable. • Enables design flexibility and improve system performance, help pass compliance. • Enables broad range of interoperability. • Extended distance signal can travel across cable or trace.
Redriver and Redriver Switch USB TUSB212 controller TUSB522P/1002A TUSB542/1042 TUSB1046A/546A
10 USB2.0 redriver enable better system performance
After
D2P D2M TUSB212 Benefits • Ultra-small package 1.6mm x 1.6mm TUSB212 • Flow through PCB routing, does not break DP/DM trace • Easy add-on to the PCB – no board spin required D1P D1M • Improves signal quality over long trace or cable • Enables better system interoperability with other USB2 devices – lower latency compared to retimer solutions,
Before
11 TUSB212 non-disruptive flow through trace routing
Risk Free Board Design • Populate if signal conditioning needed • DNP if no help needed! No need for board spin
12 Use USB3 redriver to improve signal quality
Without redriver With redriver TUSB1002A: 10Gbps, USB3, dual- channel redriver
TUSB522P: 5Gbps, USB3, dual- channel redriver
TUSB501: 5Gbps, USB3, single- Eye height: 0mV channel redriver Eye height: 534.4mV Total jitter: 80.2ps Total jitter: 17.6ps 13 USB Type-C data path options with <=15W power
CC1 CC1 GPIO TUSB321/2 CC2 CC2
or I2C CC controller HD3SS3220
TX2 TX2 SSTX(+) HD3SS3212 SSTX(+) HD3SS3202 RX2 RX2 SSRX(+) SSRX(+) TX1 TX1
RX1 RX1
USB passive mux USB passive mux + CC
USB host/device USB USB host/deviceUSB D+ D+ D+ D+ TUSB212 TUSB212 D- D- D- USB2 redriver D- USB2 redriver USB3.1 passive mux solution USB3.1 integrated solution
CC1 CC1 GPIO TUSB321/2 GPIO TUSB321/2 CC2 CC2
or I2C CC controller or I2C CC controller
TX2 TX2 SSTX TUSB542 SSTX+ TUSB1042I RX2 RX2 SSRX TX1 SSRX+ TX1
RX1 RX1
USB 5G redriver mux USB 10G redriver mux
USB host/device USB USB host/deviceUSB D+ D+ D+ D+ TUSB212 TUSB212 D- D- D- USB2 redriver D- USB2 redriver
USB3.1, gen 1, 5Gbps redriver solution USB3.1, gen 2, 10Gbps redriver solution 14 USB Type-C data path options with >15W power
CC1 CC1 GPIO TUSB422 GPIO TUSB422 or I2C CC2 or I2C CC2 TPS65987D
TPS65987D
TX2 TX2 SSTX+ TUSB1042I HD3SS3212 SSTX(+) RX2 HD3SS3202 RX2 SSRX+ TX1 SSRX(+) TX1 RX1 RX1 USB 10G redriver mux USB passive mux host/device USB USB host/deviceUSB D+ D+ D+ D+ TUSB212 TUSB212 D- D- D- USB2 redriver D- USB2 redriver USB3 passive mux solution USB3.1, gen 2, 10Gbps redriver mux solution
CC1 GPIO TUSB422 CC2
or I2C TPS65987D
TX2 SSTX TUSB542 RX2 SSRX TX1
RX1
USB 5G redriver mux USB host/device USB D+ D+ TUSB212 D- D- USB2 redriver
USB3.1, gen 1, 5Gbps redriver mux solution 15 DisplayPort over USB Type-C – passive solution
USB2 D+/D- USB2 D+/D-
TUSB212 TUSB212 USB2 redrive r USB2 redrive r
USB SSTX USB USB USB Power Type-C SSTX device
host Type-C RX2 TX1 SSRX Data mux SSRX mux TX2 RX1 Video TX1 TX2 DP0 DP0
DP1 RX1 RX2 DP1
DP2 DP2 C C connector
- DP3 DP3 Video GPU C connector HD3SS460 - HD3SS460 sink SBU1 AUXp AUXp SBU1 AUXn SBU2 SBU2 AUXn
Type
Type USB
CC1 CC1 HPD HPD TPS65987D TPS65987D CC2 CC2 Control Control TUSB422 TUSB422 PD controller VBUS VBUS PD controller Source-Side Alt Mode (PC) Sink-Side Alt Mode (Monitor)
16 DisplayPort over USB Type-C – redriver solution
USB2 D+/D- USB2 D+/D-
TUSB212 TUSB212 USB2 redrive r USB2 redrive r
USB SSTX USB USB USB Power Type-C SSTX device
host Type-C RX2 TX1 SSRX Data mux SSRX mux TX2 RX1 Video TX1 TX2 DP0 DP0
DP1 RX1 RX2 DP1
DP2 DP2 C C connector
- DP3 DP3 Video
GPU C connector TUSB546A - TUSB564 sink SBU1 TUSB1064 AUXp AUXp TUSB1046A SBU1 AUXn SBU2 SBU2 AUXn
Type
Type USB
CC1 CC1 HPD HPD TPS65987D TPS65987D CC2 CC2 Control Control TUSB422 TUSB422 PD controller VBUS VBUS PD controller Source-Side Alt Mode (PC) Sink-Side Alt Mode (Monitor)
17 USB Type-C Alt Mode bi-directional redriver TUSB544/1044
D+/D- D+/D- TUSB212 TUSB212
USB2 redriver USB2 redriver
RX2 URX2 DRX2 RX2 TX1 URX2 DRX2 TX1
TX2 UTX2 DTX2 TX2 RX1 UTX2 DTX2 RX1
RX2 TX1 UTX1 DTX1 TX1 UTX1 DTX1 RX2
RX1 URX1 DRX1 RX1 TX2 URX1 DRX1 TX2
SBU1 AUXp AUXn SBU1 SBU1 SBU2 AUXn AUXn
mux mux CPU in SBU2 AUXn AUXp SBU2 SBU2 SBU1 AUXp AUXp TUSB544 TUSB544 TUSB1044 TUSB1044
CC1 USB device sink DP or HPD CC1 HPD Host integrate USB and DP PD PD Control CC2 CC2 Control controller controller
18 HDMI over Type-C Alternate Mode
VBUS VBUS Power Power TUSB546A
USB2 D+/D- Type-C HDMI mux USB2 D+/D-
USB USB SSTX USB USB
• HDMI-only use case with Type-C host Type-C host TX2 or without USB SS - no HDMI mux RX2 SSRX HDMI mux
RX2 DP support in same port. TX2
CH 2 TX1 • Must be AC-coupled at CH 2 TX1
RX1 input of TUSB546A.
CH 1 CH 1 RX1 C C connector
• TUSB546A AUX/SBU C connector - CH 0 - CH 0 GPU/ mux is not used. GPU/ CK CK o Recommend SOC TUSB546A SOC TUSB546 external SBU mux if (HDMI) (HDMI) DDC HEAC functions DDC
TCPCm USB Type TCPCm USB Type
(μP ) required. (μP) HPD • GPU/SOC has 50-Ω HPD TCPCi (I2C) TCPCi (I2C) CC1 source termination to 3.3- TCPC TCPC CC1 CC2 V supply at output pins. CC2 PD Phy No USB SS PD Phy With USB SS TUSB422 (TUSB422)
19 SBU mux TS3USBCA4 – enabling easy polarity flip
• TS3USBCA420 - 4:1 mux Application • TS3USBCA410 - 3:1 mux Application processor processor
2:1 MUX DP_AUX DP_AUX TS3USBCA4 2:1 UART/debug MUX UART/debug
Simplifying board layout and reduces solution size while also reducing BOM
20 USB Type-C building blocks - source
USB-C Mux
HD3SS3220 USB3 USB-C 2:1 mux+CC TUSB8044A USB3 HD3SS3212 USB3 USB 3.1, Gen 1, USB-C 2:1 mux TUSB321 CC 4-port hub CC controller TUSB542/1042 USB3 USB3 2:1 redriver mux TUSB321 CC USB/DP CC controller AUX TS3USBCA4 SBU host SBU mux UART USB2 TUSB212 USB2 USB3/DP USB2 redriver TUSB544/1044 USB3/DP CC Alt Mode redriver TUSB422 USB2 TPS65987D VBUS USB2 TUSB212 USB3 TUSB546A/1046A USB2 Redriver USB3/DP Alt Mode redriver mux TUSB422 CC DP/HDMI TPS65987D HD3SS460 PD Controller VBUS GPU Alt Mode passive mux USB-C Alt Mode redriver and mux
21 USB Type-C building blocks - sink USB-C Mux
HD3SS3220 USB3 USB3 USB-C 2:1 mux+CC TUSB8044A USB2 USB3 HD3SS3212 USB3 USB 3.1, Gen 1, USB-C 2:1 mux TUSB321 CC USB3 4-port hub CC controller USB3 TUSB564/1064 TUSB542/1042 USB3 USB3/DP Alt Mode redriver mux USB3 2:1 redriver mux TUSB321 CC CC controller HD3SS460 DP Alt Mode passive mux DP TUSB212 USB2 sink USB2 USB2 redriver TUSB422 TS3USB221E CC TPS65987D USB2 mux USB2 VBUS TUSB212 PD Controller USB2 redriver USB2.0 mux and redriver
TUSB522P USB3 TUSB1002A USB3 HD3SS3212 USB3 redriver USB3 mux TUSB522P USB3 TUSB1002A USB3 redriver USB3.0 mux and redriver
22 USB Type-C video application examples
TUSB544/1044 PC & Virtual gaming reality TUSB564/1064 HD3SS460
Docking TUSB564/1064 HD3SS460 TUSB546A/1046A TUSB564/1064 Monitor HD3SS460
Mobile TUSB544/1044
23 USB Type-C mux solution selection guide HD3SS3212 HD3SS460 HD3SS3220 TUSB542 TUSB1042 TUSB546A TUSB1046A TUSB564 TUSB1064 TUSB544 TUSB1044 HD3SS3202
Source, Source, Source, Source, Application Source, sink Source, sink Source, sink Source Source Sink Sink sink, sink, sink sink cable cable SS, SS+, SS, SS+, Data/video SS, DP1.2a SS SS+, SS+ SS+ SS SS+ DP1.4 DP1.4 DP1.4 DP1.4 support video DP1.4 video DP1.4 video video video video video Alt Mode support Max data rate 10Gbps 5.4Gbps 10Gbps 5Gbps 10Gbps 8.1Gbps 10Gbps 8.1Gbps 10Gbps 8.1Gbps 10.3Gbps High-speed 2 4 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 lanes X-point Adaptive CM tracking Redriving mux Package 2.5x4.5 QFN 3.5x5.5 2x2.4 2.5x4.5 QFN 4x6 QFN 4x6 QFN 4x6 QFN 4x6 QFN 4x6 QFN 4x6 QFN 4x6 QFN (mmxmm) 2.6x1.8 QFN QFN QFN Supply (V) 3.3 3.3 5/3.3 1.8 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 24 24 TIDA-01620 Type-C to DP reversible active dongle Features Benefits • Bi-directional and reversible USB Type-C-to-DisplayPort • Improves and maintains signal quality over long cable. active dongle. • Enables legacy devices to inter-connect with USB Type-C • Support VESA DisplayPort Alt Mode to USB Type-C up to devices. 8.1Gbps. • Enables bi-directional USB Type-C-to-DP active cable or • UFP and DFP configuration with integrated USB billboard. converter. • Operates over entire VCONN range of 2.7V-to-5.5V. • Supports up to 5 meters of DisplayPort cable.
Applications
• USB Type-C to DP active cable • USB Type-C to DP active dongle • Docking
Tools & resources • TIDA-01620 and/or Tools • Device Datasheets: Folder ‒ TUSB544 • Design guide ‒ TUSB422 • Design files: schematics, ‒ MSP430 BOM, gerbers, software, etc. ‒ TPS63051 ‒ TPD4E02B04
‒ TPD4E05U06 25 More technical resources Title Type Link Technical blog http://e2e.ti.com/blogs_/b/analogwire/archive/2018/03/20/how-to- How to select the right USB Type-C signal switch select-the-right-usb-type-c-signal-switches Why use a USB Type-C redriver in your personal electronics Technical blog http://e2e.ti.com/blogs_/b/analogwire/archive/2016/10/25/the- design? need-for-usb-type-c-redrivers Technical blog http://e2e.ti.com/blogs_/b/analogwire/archive/2017/08/07/how-to- How to deliver clean USB Type-C Signal deliver-clean-usb-type-c-signals Technical blog http://e2e.ti.com/blogs_/b/analogwire/archive/2016/12/01/how-to- How to correct 10Gbps performance issues with a USB Type-C™ correct-10gbps-performance-issues-with-a-usb-type-c-active- active redriver multiplexer redriver-multiplexer Technical blog http://e2e.ti.com/blogs_/b/analogwire/archive/2018/07/12/eye- Create an eye opening experience with 10G USB3 redriver opening-experience-10g-usb3-redriver How USB will enable the future of automotive infotainment Technical blog http://e2e.ti.com/blogs_/b/behind_the_wheel/archive/2015/10/08/usb-2- 0-automotive-signal-conditioning?DCMP=tusb211&HQS=hpa-int-hsi- tusb211-pr-blog-20151008-wwe Strengthening the USB Type-C signal chain through redrivers White paper http://www.ti.com/lit/wp/slyy121/slyy121.pdf
Low-cost implementation of USB Type-C White paper http://www.ti.com/lit/wp/slly016/slly016.pdf
Transitioning existing products from USB 2.0 OTG to USB Type-C White paper http://www.ti.com/lit/wp/slly017/slly017.pdf
Alternative Mode for USB Type-C: Going beyond USB White paper http://www.ti.com/lit/wp/slly021/slly021.pdf
26 Helpful reference designs
Reference design title Target applications Link • Type-C docking stations 1) http://www.ti.com/tool/TIDA-01243 1) USB Type-C™ and Power Delivery Minidock With Video and • Video and power delivery over 2) http://www.ti.com/tool/TIDA-00882 Charging Support Reference Design USB Type-C connections 3) http://www.ti.com/tool/TIDA-03027 2) USB Type-C HDD With USB Power Delivery Reference Design • Type-C HDD 3) Type-C and Power Delivery Multiport Adapter • Docking, monitors
• Portable data terminals 1) http://www.ti.com/tool/TIDA-00818 1) Mobile Point of Sale (mPOS) Power Reference Design • Active cables, dongles 2) http://www.ti.com/tool/TIDA-01620 2) Type-C to DP Reversible Active Dongle
• Smartphones 1) http://www.ti.com/tool/TIDA-00565 1) USB Type-C Audio Adapter Accessory Mode Reference Design • PCs and notebooks 2) http://www.ti.com/tool/TIDA-00890 2) USB Type-A Plug to USB Type-C Receptacle SuperSpeed MUX • USB Type-C Audio 3) http://www.ti.com/tool/TIDA-00891 With DFP Controller Reference Design 3) USB Type-C Plug to USB Type-A Receptacle SuperSpeed MUX With UFP Controller Reference Design
1) 4 Port USB 3.0 Hub Reference Design • Desktop and Notebook PCs 1) http://www.ti.com/tool/TIDA-00288 2) 2 Port USB 3.0 Hub Reference Design • Enterprise servers 2) http://www.ti.com/tool/TIDA-00287 • Workstations
27 Thank you!
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