DOCSLIB.ORG

Computer Fundamentals

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Computer Fundamentals Computer Fundamentals What is Computer? Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as input from the user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called program) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use. It can process both numerical and non-numerical (arithmetic and logical) calculations. Characteristics of Computters 1) Automatic: Given a job, computer can work on it automatically without human interventions 2) Speed: Computer can perform data processing jobs very fast, usually measured in microseconds (10-6), nanoseconds (10-9), and picoseconds (10-12) 3) Accuracy: Accuracy of a computer is consistently high and the degree of its accuracy depends upon its design. Computer errors caused due to incorrect input data or unreliable programs are often referred to as Garbage-In-Garbage-Out (GIGO) 4) Diligence: Computer is free from monotony, tiredness, and lack of concentration. It can continuously work for hours without creating any error and without grumbling 5) Versatility: Computer is capable of performing almost any task, if the task can be reduced to a finite series of logical steps 6) Power of Remembering: Computer can store and recall any amount of information because of its secondary storage capability. It forgets or looses certain information only when it is asked to do so 7) No I.Q.: A computer does only what it is programmed to do. It cannot take its own decision in this regard 8) No Feelings: Computers are devoid of emotions. Their judgment is based on the instructions given to them in the form of programs that are written by us (human beings) A computer has four functions: a. accepts data Input b. processes data Processing c. produces output Output d. stores results Storage Input (Data): Input is the raw information entered into a computer from the input devices. It is the collection of letters, numbers, images etc. Process: Process is the operation of data as per given instruction. It is totally internal process of the computer system. Output: Output is the processed data given by computer after data processing. Output is also called as Result. We can save these results in the storage devices for the future use. Computer System All of the components of a computer system can be summarized with the simple equations. COMPUTER SYSTEM = HARDWARE + SOFTWARE+ USER • Hardware = Internal Devices + Peripheral Devices All physical parts of the computer (or everything that we can touch) are known as Hardware. • Software = Programs Software gives "intelligence" to the computer. • USER = Person, who operates computer. Generation of computer: In 1822, Charles Babbage built the ‘Difference Engine’. This could do only one kind of calculations. In 1833, Charles Babbage designed and worked on Analytical Engine. It was a general purpose computer designed to solve almost any type of problem. It contained most of the elements we find in modern digital computer systems. Hence, Charles Babbage is considered as Father of modern computer. First Generation (1940-56): The first generation computers used vaccum tubes & machine language was used for giving the instructions. These computer were large in size & their programming was difficult task. The electricity consumption was very high. Some computers of this generation are ENIAC, EDVAC, EDSAC & UNIVAC-1. Second Generation(1956-63): In 2nd generation computers, vaccum tubes were replaced by transistors. They required only 1/10 of power required by tubes. This generation computers generated less heat & were reliable. The first operating system developed in this generation. The Third Generation (1964-71): The 3rd generation computers replaced transistors with Integrated circuit known as chip. From Small scale integrated circuits which had 10 transistors per chip, technology developed to MSI circuits with 100 transistors per chip. These computers were smaller, faster & more reliable. High level languages invented in this generation. The fourth Generation(1972- present): LSI & VLSI were used in this generation. As a result microprocessors came into existence. The computers using this technology known to be Micro Computers. High capacity hard disk were invented. There is great development in data communication. The Fifth Generation (Present & Beyond): Fifth generation computing devices, based on artificial intelligence, are still in development, though there are some applications, such as voice recognition, that are being used today. The use of parallel processing and superconductors is helping to make artificial intelligence a reality. Quantum computation and molecular and nanotechnology will radically change the face of computers in years to come. ARCHITECTURE OF COMPUTER INPUT DEVICES Input devices accept data and instructions from the user. Following are the examples of various input devices, which are connected to the computer for this purpose. 1. Keyboard 2. Mouse 3. Light Pen 4. Optical/magnetic Scanner 5. Touch Screen 6. Microphone for voice as input 7. Track Ball 1. Keyboard A keyboard is the most common input device. Several kinds of keyboards are available, but they resemble each other with minor variations. Generally standard keyboard has 104 keys. Sr. Keys Description No. These keys include the letter keys (A-Z) and digits 1 Typing Keys keys (0-9) which generally give same layout as that of typewriters. It is used to enter numeric data or cursor movement. Generally, it consists of a set of 17 keys that are laid 2 Numeric Keypad out in the same configuration used by most adding machine and calculators. The twelve functions keys are present on the keyboard. These are arranged in a row along the top 3 Function Keys of the keyboard. Each function key has unique meaning and is used for some specific purpose. These keys provide cursor and screen control. It includes four directional arrow key. Control keys 4 Control keys also include Home, End, Insert, Delete, Page Up, Page Down, Control(Ctrl), Alternate(Alt), Escape(Esc). Keyboard also contains some special purpose keys 5 Special Purpose Keys such as Enter, Shift, Caps Lock, Num Lock, Space bar, Tab, and Print Screen. Control keys Left Arrow, Right Arrow, Up Arrow, or Down Arrow Move the cursor or selection one space or line in the direction of the arrow, or scroll a webpage in the direction of the arrow Home Move the cursor to the beginning of a line or move to the top of a webpage End Move the cursor to the end of a line or move to the bottom of a webpage Page Up Move the cursor or page up one screen Page Down Move the cursor or page down one screen Delete Delete the character after the cursor, or the selected text; in Windows, delete the selected item and move it to the Recycle Bin Insert Turn Insert mode off or on. When Insert mode is on, text that you type is inserted at the cursor. When Insert mode is off, text that you type replaces existing characters. Special Purpose Keys Shift Press Shift in combination with a letter to type an uppercase letter. Press Shift in combination with another key to type the symbol shown on the upper part of that key. Caps Lock Press Caps Lock once to type all letters as uppercase. Press Caps Lock again to turn this function off. Your keyboard might have a light indicating whether Caps Lock is on. Tab Press Tab to move the cursor several spaces forward. You can also press Tab to move to the next text box on a form. Enter Press Enter to move the cursor to the beginning of the next line. In a dialog box, press Enter to select the highlighted button. Spacebar Press the Spacebar to move the cursor one space forward. Backspace Press Backspace to delete the character before the cursor, or the selected text. PrtScn (or Print Screen) pressing PrtScn captures an image of your entire screen (a "screen shot") and copies it to the Clipboard in your computer's memory. From there you can paste it (Ctrl+V) into Microsoft Paint or another program and, if you want, print it from that program. ScrLk (or Scroll Lock) pressing these keys causes the document to scroll without changing the position of the cursor or selection. Esc Cancel the current task Application key Open a menu of commands related to a selection in a program. Equivalent to right-clicking the selection. Windows logo key Open the Start menu Pause/Break This key is rarely used. In some older programs, pressing this key pauses the program or, in combination with Ctrl, stops it from running. 2. Mouse A mouse is an electro-mechanical, hand-held device. It is used as a pointer. It can perform functions like selecting menu commands, moving icons, resizing windows, starting programs, and choosing options. The most common mouse uses an internal, magnetically coated ball, to detect the movement of the mouse across a flat surface, usually a desktop. Now a days Optical or laser mouse is used to detect the movement. Generally, it has two buttons called left and right button and scroll bar is present at the mid. Mouse can be used to control the position of cursor on screen, but it cannot be used to enter text into the computer. All windows based applications today are designed to work with a mouse. A mouse is used to replace hard -to-remember key combinations with easier "Point and Click" actions. However, it cannot substitute all keyboard operations. It can be alternative for commands based operations. Light pen An input device that utilizes a light-sensitive detector to select objects on a display screen. A light pen is similar to a mouse, except that with a light pen you can move the pointer and select objects on the display screen by directly pointing to the objects with the pen.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ST 200X Film Scanner
    ST COMPANION Flat Media Scanner SPECIFICATIONS: Scanner type: Flatbed color image scanner with Digital ICE technology for lm and photo prints. Scanner area: 8.5 inches by 11.7 inches Resolution: 12,800 dpi with Double Scan technology. Color depth: 48 bits Gray Scale: 16 bits Optical Density: 3.8 Dmax Focus Control: Automatic Scanner speeds: Up to 16.9 msec/line ST 200X Film Scanner Zooming: 50% to 200% SPECIFICATIONS: Light Source: White cold cathode uorescent lamp Featured at: Scanning Type: 35mm Direct Film Scan Photoelectric Device: Color Matrix CCD line sensor Image Sensor: Linear Array Color CCD Operating Systems: Windows 2000 and XP Color Mode: 36 bits per pixel Interface: USB 2.0, IEEE1394 Firewire Grayscale Mode: 8 bits per pixel System Requirements: 512MB RAM, 300MB available hard disk space, Optical Resolution: Up to 3600 dpi CD-ROM drive (4X or faster), available USB 2.0 or IEEE1394 connection and device drivers, TM Light Source: Cold Cathode Florescent Lamp “As green as a tree og” USB 1.1/2.0 compatible operating system and Preview Speed: Lower Resolution 1 second / Higher resolution 10 seconds applications (USB 2.0 recommended for optimum Scan Speeds: Lower Resolution 1 second / Higher resolution up to 45-75 seconds performance), mouse or other pointing device. Maximum Area: 35mm x 36mm single pass Interface USB 2.0 Dimensions: 11.97” w x 5.28” h x 13.74” d Power Adapter: 12 VDC / 1A Weight: 14.8 pounds Power Source: AC 100-240 V 50Hz - 60Hz Warranty, parts/labor: 90 Days PC Recommendations: 512MB Ram, 17” or larger monitor, 2 USB 2.0 ports In the box: Scanner; 6” x 9” Transparency Adapter (built into Operating Systems: Microsoft Windows XP, Microsoft Windows 2000, Windows Vista Scanner lid); Scanning software; ABBYY FineReader Sprint OCR software and electronic Reference Guide; CD-ROM Screen Refresh: 30 frames per second with Adobe Photoshop Elements 2.0; USB 2.0/1.1 cable; Power Source: AC 100-240V 50Hz/60Hz Scanner setup poster; Scanner Quick Guide.
    [Show full text]
  • Presents: BEGINNING COMPUTER BASICS
    Presents: BEGINNING COMPUTER BASICS By Angie Harris Adapted from the Texas State Library’s TEAL for All Texans Student Resources Manual Beginning Computer Basics Topics Introducing the Computer Basic Computer Equipment Meet Your Desktop Goals and Objectives • Be introduced to basic components of the computer • Learn common computer terms • Become familiar with basic computer hardware and software • Become familiar with the computer mouse and keyboard • Learn about the desktop Introducing the Computer What is a Computer? An electronic device that accepts input, processes data, provides storage and retrieval and provides output for the user. You can use a computer to type documents, send email, browse the internet, handle spreadsheets, do presentations, play games, and more. Hardware/Software A computer is made up of only two components: hardware and software. Anything you buy for your computer can be classified as either hardware or software. Hardware: is any part of your computer that has a physical structure. If you can touch it, it is hardware. Software: the brains of the computer, is any set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do and helps the user accomplish a certain task Hardware Hardware consists of two components, input and output devices. – Input Device An input device allows us to put information into the computer. Examples include: Mouse, keyboard, microphone, flash drive or scanner – Output Devices An output device displays (or puts out) information from a computer in either a visual or auditory format. Examples include: Monitor, Speakers, headphones or printer Basic Computer Equipment Monitor Speakers Console Printer Keyboard Mouse Console Console: The console, or system unit, is the heart of your computer.
    [Show full text]
  • Alternative Perspectives 3.1
    Alternative Perspectives 3.1 Chapter 3: ALTERNATIVE PERSPECTIVES Extending Our Understanding of the Relationships Among Devices In the previous chapter, the grain at which we looked at input devices was fairly coarse, especially if our orientation is the user and usage, and not the technology. If we want to probe deeper, characterizing devices as "mice”, "tablets" or "joysticks" is not adequate. While useful, they are not detailed enough to provide us with the understanding that will enable us to make significant improvements in our interface designs. The design space of input devices is complex. In order to achieve a reasonable grasp of it, we have to refine the grain of our analysis to something far finer than has hitherto been the case. In the sections which follow, we explore some of the approaches to carving up this space in ways meaningful to the designer. If design is choice, then developing a more refined taxonomy will improve the range of choice. And, if the dimensions of the resultant taxonomy are appropriate, the model that emerges will afford better choices. As a start, let us take an example. It illustrates that - even at the top level - the dominant mouse, joystick, trackball ... categorization is not the only way to carve up the "pie." Figure 1 shows a caricature of four generic devices: a touch screen a light pen a touch tablet a tablet with a stylus. Haptic Input 14 September, 2009 Buxton Alternative Perspectives 3.2 (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 1: Analogy and relationships among different devices The devices characterized in this figure possess some important properties that help us better understand input technologies in context.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluating the Effect of Four Different Pointing Device Designs on Upper Extremity Posture and Muscle Activity During Mousing Tasks
    Applied Ergonomics 47 (2015) 259e264 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Applied Ergonomics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apergo Evaluating the effect of four different pointing device designs on upper extremity posture and muscle activity during mousing tasks * Michael Y.C. Lin a, Justin G. Young b, Jack T. Dennerlein a, c, a Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA b Department of Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering, Kettering University, 1700 University Avenue, Flint, MI 48504, USA c Department of Physical Therapy, Movements, and Rehabilitation Sciences, Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA article info abstract Article history: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of different types of computer pointing devices and Received 10 January 2014 placements on posture and muscle activity of the hand and arm. A repeated measures laboratory study Accepted 3 October 2014 with 12 adults (6 females, 6 males) was conducted. Participants completed two mouse-intensive tasks Available online while using a conventional mouse, a trackball, a stand-alone touchpad, and a rollermouse. A motion analysis system and an electromyography system monitored right upper extremity postures and muscle Keywords: activity, respectively. The rollermouse condition was associated with a more neutral hand posture (lower Pointing device inter-fingertip spread and greater finger flexion) along with significantly lower forearm extensor muscle Computer tasks fi Musculoskeletal disorders activity. The touchpad and rollermouse, which were centrally located, were associated with signi cantly more neutral shoulder postures, reduced ulnar deviation, and lower forearm extensor muscle activities than other types of pointing devices.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparison of Human-Computer User Interface Methods: the Effectiveness of Touch Interface Compared to Mouse
    A comparison of human-computer user interface methods: The effectiveness of touch interface compared to mouse Item Type Thesis or dissertation Authors Muncey, Andrew Citation Muncey, A. (2014). A comparison of human-computer user interface methods: The effectiveness of touch interface compared to mouse. (Master's thesis). University of Chester, United Kingdom. Publisher University of Chester Download date 01/10/2021 18:48:22 Item License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10034/615928 A comparison of human-computer user interface methods: The effectiveness of touch interface compared to mouse Andrew Muncey MSc Information Systems 2014 Abstract This dissertation examines the effectiveness of a touch user interface when compared with that of a traditional mouse. The effectiveness of a second hand, used to hold a touch interface is also considered. Following an investigation into existing research in the domain of touch based user interfaces, an experiment was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of selection, dragging and gesture based input tasks undertaken with both a mouse and using a touch interface. Additionally operation of the touch interface when the device was held in the hand was compared to operation when the touch interface was situated horizontally on a desk, to determine the impact of bimanual operation. The findings suggest that there is little variation in usability between a touch device held in the hand and situated on a desk, but that the touch interface provides an improved experience for an end user over that of a mouse based interface not only for selection as previous researches had indicated, but also for dragging and gesture interaction based input.
    [Show full text]
  • Class-4 Computer L-2 Input and Output Devices
    CLASS-4 COMPUTER L-2 INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES BOOK EXERCISE A. Tick () the correct options. 1. Which of the following is NOT an input device? a. touchpad ( ) b. projector () c. MICR ( ) 2. What does OCR stands for? a. Optical Character Recognition () b. Oriented Character Recognition ( ) c. Optical Copy Recognition ( ) 3. A plotter prints on paper by using . a. A stylus ( ) b. pencils ( ) c. pens () 4. Which of the following is an output device? a. projector ( ) b. laser printer ( ) c. both a and b () B. Fill in the blanks. Picture barcode biometric projection MICR typeface 1. A barcode is a pattern of parallel lines of varying width printed on different products. 2. OCR does not treat the text as picture. 3. A projector projects an image (or moving images) onto a large surface known as projection screen. 4. The MICR technology recognizes the data printed bin the MICR typeface. 5. A biometric device uses fingerprint, facial scans or voice recognition to identify users. CLASS-4 COMPUTER L-2 INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES C. Identify each of the following as input or output devices. Projector, Light pen, Touchpad, Touchscreen, web-cam, Monitor, Printer, Plotter, Keyboard, Mouse, MICR, Speakers, Scanner, OCR, Microphone. Ans: Input Devices Output Devices MICR Projector Touchpad Monitor Scanner Printer Touchscreen Speakers Keyboard Plotter OCR Web Cam Mouse Microphone D. Answer in one word- 1. A latest input device enables you to choose options on the computer screen by simply touching with a finger. (Touchscreen) 2. A device that projects an image onto a large surface. (Projector) 3. A device that draws on paper with one or more automated pens.
    [Show full text]
  • Evans, Gareth; Blenkhorn, Paul a Head Operated Joystick
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 430 330 EC 307 177 AUTHOR Evans, Gareth; Blenkhorn, Paul TITLE A Head Operated Joystick--Experience with Use. PUB DATE 1999-03-00 NOTE 6p. PUB TYPE Reports Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Accessibility (for Disabled); *Assistive Devices (for Disabled); *Input Output Devices; *Severe Disabilities; Use Studies IDENTIFIERS *Joysticks ABSTRACT This paper describes the development and evaluation of a low-cost head-operated joystick for computer users with disabilities that prevent them from using a conventional hand-operated computer mouse and/or keyboard. The paper focuses on three issues: first, the style of head movement required by the device; second, whether a head-operated device should work as an absolute positioning device or as a joystick; and, third, the accuracy required by the device. It finds that the device's "nose following" style of head movement is more accepted by users than alternatives; that users also preferred the joystick relative pointing device over absolute positioning devices; and that users did not notice inaccuracies inherent in the device's design, thus allowing production at a lower cost. (DB) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS ert BEEN GRANTED BY r1) el") EXPERIENCE WITHUSE ans A HEADOPERATEDJOYSTICK - TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Gareth Evans and PaulBlenkhorn 1 Manchester, UK, [email protected] of Computation, UMIST, Technology for DisabledPeople Unit, Department Introduction computer mouse and/orkeyboard, may use a head- Computer users who cannot use aconventional hand-operated computer and, by using anon-screen keyboard, totype operated mouse or joystickin order to control their user's head movements aretranslated into mouse pointer information.
    [Show full text]
  • Studioraid™ Manual
    StudioRAID™ Manual Tabletop FireWire 800, USB 3.0 and eSATA enclosure with RAID 1 and RAID 0 Proprietary Notice and Disclaimer Unless noted otherwise, this document and the information herein disclosed are proprietary to Glyph Technologies, 3736 Kellogg Rd., Cortland NY 13045 (“GLYPH”). Any person or entity to whom this document is furnished or having possession thereof, by ac-ceptance, assumes custody thereof and agrees that the document is given in confidence and will not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part, nor used or revealed to any person in any manner except to meet the purposes for which it was delivered. Additional rights and obligations regarding this document and its contents may be defined by a separate written agreement with GLYPH, and if so, such separate written agreement shall be controlling. The information in this document is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by GLYPH. Although GLYPH will make every effort to inform users of substantive errors, LG YPH disclaims all liability for any loss or damage resulting from the use of this manual or any software described herein, including without limitation contingent, special, or inci- dental liability. © 2015 Glyph Technologies. All rights reserved. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Glyph and the Glyph logo are registered trademarks of Glyph Technologies. All other brands and product names mentioned are trademarks of their respective holders. Contacting Glyph Please use the following contact information to contact Glyph and its distributors. Glyph USA offers phone support Monday through Friday, 8:00 am to 5:00 PM Eastern Time.
    [Show full text]
  • The Keyboard and Mouse Are Examples Of
    The Keyboard And Mouse Are Examples Of Atypical Ram dispelling his sikas overqualified unequivocally. Inhumed and epideictic Irwin still reinterred his storax first-hand. Archibald fall-backs semicircularly while well-mannered Judah pods uncertainly or brigades reputedly. Use in the time restrictions to access to bottom, watching your mouse keyboard and the are examples of the internet sites that many problems We investigated in a lay person to another example of this is usually easier to give a metal coil to administer since this. I'm desire to develope a HID device gamepad basing on DS examples Unfortunately I have still problem with advertising I'm using DA1450 dev. It cannot enter. Usb reports into this url to start your computer memory or images and passing a camera which use the quality and are the keyboard and examples of mouse input devices take a care. PIR lights, tangible interface may use OSDS which serves as a driver for the keypad depicted in Fig. Most hp products have code usually blue or number. Solved Devices 1 A Keyboard And Mouse Are Examples Of. This is an description of all interface reports so the host can know what to expect. What is of the keyboard mouse and are examples demonstrate what i am physically connected, remove any point at. We use cookies to first you a smart experience. Including keyboard mouse touch pad single supplement and. What are examples. North america is global: which considerable reservations are in and the keyboard are examples of mouse attached and nasa tlx score of mouse a menu by simplifying and a quarterly newspaper that employ a player continuously strafing while stm act in! These are operated by a computer and more.
    [Show full text]
  • Cisco DX80 Cable Installation
    Device Descriptions • Cisco DX70 Hardware, page 1 • Cisco DX80 Hardware, page 3 • Cisco DX650 Hardware, page 5 • No Radio Hardware, page 6 Cisco DX70 Hardware 1 Source button 6 Mute button 2 Speaker 7 Mini jack 3.5 mm output 3 Microphone 8 USB charging port 4 Power button 9 microSD card slot 5 Volume button 10 Camera with privacy shutter Cisco DX Series Administration Guide, Release 10.2(4) 1 Device Descriptions Cisco DX70 Cable Installation Cisco DX70 Cable Installation 1 micro-B USB port 5 Computer port 2 USB ports 6 Network port 3 HDMI in 7 Power port 4 HDMI out Cisco DX Series Administration Guide, Release 10.2(4) 2 Device Descriptions Cisco DX80 Hardware Cisco DX80 Hardware 1 Source button 5 USB port 2 Speaker 6 Volume button 3 Microphones in each leg 7 Mute button 4 Power button 8 Camera with privacy shutter Cisco DX80 includes an Acoustic Echo Canceller (AEC) and laptop shadowing. Users at the far end of a call experience clear audio quality even if the user puts an obstacle, such as a laptop, in front of one of the microphones. If the current microphone is blocked by an object, the device automatically switches to the other microphone array in the other foot. Cisco DX80 also includes two microphone array beam forming. If the user moves out of the beam (that is, out of the camera view), the sound sent to the far end weakens. All sound sources that are not located within the pickup beam (in front of the unit) attenuate.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of the Graphical Processing Unit
    University of Nevada Reno Evolution of the Graphical Processing Unit A professional paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science with a major in Computer Science by Thomas Scott Crow Dr. Frederick C. Harris, Jr., Advisor December 2004 Dedication To my wife Windee, thank you for all of your patience, intelligence and love. i Acknowledgements I would like to thank my advisor Dr. Harris for his patience and the help he has provided me. The field of Computer Science needs more individuals like Dr. Harris. I would like to thank Dr. Mensing for unknowingly giving me an excellent model of what a Man can be and for his confidence in my work. I am very grateful to Dr. Egbert and Dr. Mensing for agreeing to be committee members and for their valuable time. Thank you jeffs. ii Abstract In this paper we discuss some major contributions to the field of computer graphics that have led to the implementation of the modern graphical processing unit. We also compare the performance of matrix‐matrix multiplication on the GPU to the same computation on the CPU. Although the CPU performs better in this comparison, modern GPUs have a lot of potential since their rate of growth far exceeds that of the CPU. The history of the rate of growth of the GPU shows that the transistor count doubles every 6 months where that of the CPU is only every 18 months. There is currently much research going on regarding general purpose computing on GPUs and although there has been moderate success, there are several issues that keep the commodity GPU from expanding out from pure graphics computing with limited cache bandwidth being one.
    [Show full text]
  • EPSON Perfection® 1240U Color Flatbed Scanner
    Perf1240U Cat Sht 10826 CRC 10/3/00 10:26 AM Page 1 EPSON Perfection® 1240U Color Flatbed Scanner FEATURES BENEFITS DETAIL SO SHARP, YOU CAN AFFORD TO • 1200 x 2400 dpi Offers extraordinary image quality BE DIFFERENT hardware resolution and razor sharp detail. Imagine a scanner with remarkable image quality, • True 42-bit color depth Delivers a vast array of vivid, true-to-life colors. speed, and versatility, all at an affordable price. Sound too • Three-button interface Provides quick, easy access to popular good to be true? Not when you get acquainted with the programs and functions. EPSON Perfection 1240U and the EPSON Perfection 1240U • Fully automatic, Scans photos, text, or graphics, all at the PHOTO, two high-performance scanners engineered to one-touch scanning touch of a button. Intelligent driver meet your needs both now and in the future. And, with a automatically color corrects and crops. transparency unit included with the EPSON Perfection • Premium software bundle ® ® 1240U PHOTO, those needs include scanning slides and Adobe PhotoDeluxe ScanSoft® Textbridge® Pro OCR negatives for incredible digital darkroom capabilities. ArcSoft® PhotoPrinterTM Featuring 1200 x 2400 dpi hardware resolution, both ArcSoft Panorama MakerTM EPSON Smart Panel models consistently blaze through each task, delivering EPSON TWAIN Scanning Software sharp, vivid results. With their innovative ColorTrue® II Adobe Photoshop® 5.0 LE* Imaging System and true 42-bit color performance, • Plug and play USB Ensures fast, simple setup on Windows they offer a cost-effective way to scan photos, text, or connection and Macintosh systems. graphics and make spectacular enlargements with • Optional transparency Provides added versatility for scanning breathtaking detail.
    [Show full text]