Middle Cumberland Plateau Conservation Opportunity Area
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Interpretation of Cumberland Escarpment and Highland Rim, South-Central Tennessee and Northeast Alabama
Interpretation of Cumberland Escarpment and Highland Rim, South-Central Tennessee and Northeast Alabama GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 524-C Interpretation of Cumberland Escarpment and Highland Rim, South-Central Tennessee and Northeast Alabama By JOHN T. HACK SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 524-C Theories of landscape origin are compared using as an example an area of gently dipping rocks that differ in their resistance to erosion UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1966 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY William T. Pecora, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract___________________________________________ C1 Cumberland Plateau and Highland Rim as a system in Introduction_______________________________________ 1 equilibrium______________________________________ C7 General description of area___________________________ 1 Valleys and coves of the Cumberland Escarpment___ 7 Cumberland Plateau and Highland Rim as dissected and Surficial deposits of the Highland Rim____________ 10 deformed peneplains _____________________ ,... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 Elk River profile_______________________________ 12 Objections to the peneplain theory____________________ 5 Paint Rock Creek profile________________________ 14 Eastern Highland Rim Plateau as a modern peneplain__ 6 Conclusions________________________________________ 14 Equilibrium concept -
Species Status Assessment Report for the Barrens Darter (Etheostoma Forbesi)
Species Status Assessment Report for the Barrens Darter (Etheostoma forbesi) Version 2.0 Acknowledgements: This Species Status Assessment would not have been possible without the research and assistance of Dr. Richard Harrington, Yale University Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Dr. Hayden Mattingly and his students, Tennessee Tech University School of Environmental Studies, Dr. John Johansen, Austin Peay State University Department of Biology, and Mark Thurman, Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 2: Biology and Life History ........................................................................................... 4 Taxonomy ................................................................................................................................ 4 Genetic Diversity ..................................................................................................................... 5 Morphological Description ...................................................................................................... 5 Habitat ..................................................................................................................................... 6 Lifecycle .................................................................................................................................. 7 Population Needs .................................................................................................................... -
Frequency of Missing Legs in the Cave Cricket, Hadenoecus Subterraneus
Plattsburgh State University of New York Volume 6 (2013) Frequency of missing legs in the cave cricket, Hadenoecus subterraneus Mohammed Chandooa, Elizabeth Lavoiea, Utsav Pandeya, and Suganthi Thirunavukarasua Faculty Mentors: Kathleen H. Lavoiea, Thomas Wolosza, and Kurt Helfb. aSUNY College at Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 ([email protected]) cCumberland-Piedmont Network, National Park Service, Mammoth Cave, KY 42259 ([email protected]) ABSTRACT The cave cricket (Hadenoecus subterraneus) is a keystone species in maintaining biological diversity in cave communities in Mammoth Cave National Park. Crickets must leave the cave to forage on nights when conditions are favorable, which puts them at considerable risk of predation. Invertebrates have developed defenses for predation, including autotomy (voluntary loss of a limb). We hypothesize that missing legs are a sign of predation pressure on the crickets, and may be vary in different environments. We used a visual census to record the sex-specific frequency of missing legs among adult cave crickets at eight different cave entrances. We expected males to be missing legs more than females because they must leave the cave refuge to forage more frequently than females; however, we found that males and females were missing legs in equal numbers. The hind leg was missing with greater frequency than other limbs, likely the result of cricket predator avoidance behavior (jumping), which puts the larger hind limb closest to the predator. The frequency of crickets with missing limbs varied among cave entrances from a low of 6.6% to a high of nearly 40%, with abundance varying yearly. In Frozen Niagara, which consistently had a high proportion of crickets missing legs, the percentage missing legs was highest in crickets roosting closer to the entrance (30.8%) than deeper (18.7%) into the cave. -
Examining Possible Foraging Differences in Urban and Rural Cave Cricket Populations: Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Ratios (Δ13c, Δ15n) As Indicators of Trophic Level
Examining possible foraging differences in urban and rural cave cricket populations: Carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N) as indicators of trophic level Steven J. Taylor1, Jean K. Krejca2, and Keith C. Hackley3 1Division of Biodiversity and Ecological Entomology, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820 ( [email protected] phone: 217-649-0240 ) 2Zara Environmental, LLC, Buda, TX 78610 ( [email protected] phone: 512-295-5333 ) 3Isotope Geochemistry Laboratory, Illinois State Geological Survey, 615 E Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL 61820 ( [email protected] phone: 217-244-2396 ) 30 November 2007 Illinois Natural History Survey Technical Report 2007 (59) prepared for: Attn: Dr. C. Craig Farquhar Section 6 Grant Program Coordinator, Wildlife Division Texas Parks and Wildlife Department 4200 Smith School Road, Austin, Texas 78744 USA Cover: Cicurina varians (Araneae) in web in Surprise Sink, Bexar County, Texas. Note Pseudosinella violenta (Collembola) in lower left and fresh fecal pellets of Ceuthophilus sp. to left of center. Photo by Jean K. Krejca. Abstract The energy regime in small Texas caves differs significantly from many caves of the better studied eastern United States in that surface-foraging cave crickets (Ceuthophilus secretus and Ceuthophilus “species B”) are major contributors to these systems. The federally listed endangered cave invertebrates of Travis, Williamson, and Bexar counties, Texas, are dependent on these crickets to transport energy from the surface to the cave environment. Using stable isotope analysis in combination with in- cave counts of animal life we examined foraging differences between S. invicata and cave cricket populations in nine caves chosen based on their low, medium, and high levels of human impact. -
Chapter 40. Appalachian Planation Surfaces
Chapter 40 Appalachian Planation Surfaces The Appalachian region not only includes the mountains, but also the surrounding provinces. During the erosion episode (see Chapter 8 and Appendix 4), rocks of the Appalachians were sometimes planed into a flat or nearly flat planation surface, especially on the provinces east and west of the Blue Ridge Mountains (Figure 40.1). But planation surfaces are also found in the Appalachian Mountains, mainly on the mountaintops. Figure 40.1. Map of the Appalachian provinces and the two provinces to the west (from Aadland et al., 1992). Due to their rolling and dissected morphology, the Appalachian provinces are rarely called planation surfaces, but they would mostly be erosion surfaces. I will continue to use the more descriptive term, planation surface, with the understanding that many of these are erosion surfaces. The Appalachian provinces exhibit three possible planation surfaces, from east to west, they include: (1) the Piedmont Province, (2) the accordant mountaintops of the Valley and Ridge Province (part of the Appalachian Mountains), and (3) the Appalachian Plateau which is divided into the Allegheny Plateau in the north and the Cumberland Plateau in the south. I also will include the Interior Low Plateaus Province to the west of the Appalachian Plateau. Many articles have been published about the Appalachian planation surface. Their origin is controversial among secular geologists, but they can readily be explained by the runoff of the global Genesis Flood. Figure 40.2. Lake on the Piedmont near Parkersville, South Carolina, showing general flatness of the terrain. The Piedmont Planation Surface The Piedmont Province begins just east of the Blue Ridge Mountains from the Hudson River in the north to Alabama in the south. -
Colonization of a Newly Cleaned Cave by a Camel Cricket: Asian Invasive Or Native?
Lavoie et al. Colonization of a newly cleaned cave by a camel cricket: Asian invasive or native? Kathleen Lavoie1,2, Julia Bordi1,3, Nacy Elwess1,4, Douglas Soroka5, & Michael Burgess1,6 1 Biology Department, State University of New York Plattsburgh, 101 Broad St., Plattsburgh, NY 12901 USA 2 [email protected] (corresponding author) 3 [email protected] 4 [email protected] 5 Greater Allentown Grotto, PA [email protected] 6 [email protected] Key Words: camel crickets, Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae, invasive species, recovery of biota, Diestrammena, Diestramima, Crystal Cave, Pennslyvania. Crystal Cave in Kutztown, Pennsylvania, was discovered in 1871 while quarrying for limestone (Stone 1953). Crystal Cave is developed in a belt of Ordovician-age limestone and has an abundance of formations. The cave is about 110 m in extent with an upper level, and access is restricted by a blockhouse (Stone 1953). Crystal Cave is the oldest continually-operating commercial cave in the state, opening for a Grand Illumination in 1872 (Crystal Cave History 2010). It currently hosts about 75,000 visitors a year (K. Campbell, personal communication). Early visitors were guided using candles, oil, and kerosene lanterns, and for a grand lighting, kerosene was spilled onto flowstone and set ablaze to illuminate some of the larger rooms (Snyder 2000). By 1919, the cave was lit with battery-powered lights, and in 1929 5000 feet of wiring with 225 light bulbs was installed. In 1974 new concealed wiring was installed with indirect sealed-beam spotlights (Snyder 2000). Crystal Cave has been heavily impacted by humans, and it showed. Soroka and Lavoie (2017) reported on work to clean up the cave to return it to more natural conditions by removal of soot and grime using power washing and scrubbing. -
The Logan Plateau, a Young Physiographic Region in West Virginia, Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee
The Logan Plateau, a Young Physiographic Region in West Virginia, Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1620 . II • r ,j • • ~1 =1 i1 .. ·~ II .I '1 .ill ~ I ... ... II 'II .fi :. I !~ ...1 . ~ !,~ .,~ 'I ~ J ·-=· ..I ·~ tJ 1;1 .. II "'"l ,,'\. d • .... ·~ I 3: ... • J ·~ •• I -' -\1 - I =,. The Logan Plateau, a Young Physiographic Region in West Virginia, Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee By WILLIAM F. OUTERBRIDGE A highly dissected plateau with narrow valleys, steep slopes, narrow crested ridges, and landslides developed on flat-lying Pennsylvanian shales and subgraywacke sandstone during the past 1.5 million years U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1620 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DONALD PAUL HODEL, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1987 For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section, U.S. Geological Survey, Federal Center, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Outerbridge, William F. The Logan Plateau, a young physiographic region in West Virginia, Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee. (U.S. Geological Survey bulletin ; 1620) Bibliography: p. 18. Supt. of Docs. no.: I 19.3:1620 1. Geomorphology-Logan Plateau. I. Title. II. Series. QE75.B9 no. 1620 557.3 s [551.4'34'0975] 84-600132 [GB566.L6] CONTENTS Abstract 1 Introduction 1 Methods of study 3 Geomorphology 4 Stratigraphy 9 Structure 11 Surficial deposits 11 Distribution of residuum 11 Depth of weathering 11 Soils 11 Landslides 11 Derivative maps of the Logan Plateau and surrounding area 12 History of drainage development since late Tertiary time 13 Summary and conclusions 17 References cited 18 PLATES [Plates are in pocket] 1. -
From Characters of the Female Reproductive Tract
Phylogeny and Classification of Caraboidea Mus. reg. Sci. nat. Torino, 1998: XX LCE. (1996, Firenze, Italy) 107-170 James K. LIEBHERR and Kipling W. WILL* Inferring phylogenetic relationships within Carabidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) from characters of the female reproductive tract ABSTRACT Characters of the female reproductive tract, ovipositor, and abdomen are analyzed using cladi stic parsimony for a comprehensive representation of carabid beetle tribes. The resulting cladogram is rooted at the family Trachypachidae. No characters of the female reproductive tract define the Carabidae as monophyletic. The Carabidac exhibit a fundamental dichotomy, with the isochaete tri bes Metriini and Paussini forming the adelphotaxon to the Anisochaeta, which includes Gehringiini and Rhysodini, along with the other groups considered member taxa in Jeannel's classification. Monophyly of Isochaeta is supported by the groundplan presence of a securiform helminthoid scle rite at the spermathecal base, and a rod-like, elongate laterotergite IX leading to the explosion cham ber of the pygidial defense glands. Monophyly of the Anisochaeta is supported by the derived divi sion of gonocoxa IX into a basal and apical portion. Within Anisochaeta, the evolution of a secon dary spermatheca-2, and loss ofthe primary spermathcca-I has occurred in one lineage including the Gehringiini, Notiokasiini, Elaphrini, Nebriini, Opisthiini, Notiophilini, and Omophronini. This evo lutionary replacement is demonstrated by the possession of both spermatheca-like structures in Gehringia olympica Darlington and Omophron variegatum (Olivier). The adelphotaxon to this sper matheca-2 clade comprises a basal rhysodine grade consisting of Clivinini, Promecognathini, Amarotypini, Apotomini, Melaenini, Cymbionotini, and Rhysodini. The Rhysodini and Clivinini both exhibit a highly modified laterotergite IX; long and thin, with or without a clavate lateral region. -
Evaluation of Regional Dissolved Oxygen Patterns of Wadeable Streams in Tennessee Based on Diurnal and Daylight Monitoring
EVALUATION OF REGIONAL DISSOLVED OXYGEN PATTERNS OF WADEABLE STREAMS IN TENNESSEE BASED ON DIURNAL AND DAYLIGHT MONITORING Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation Division of Water Pollution Control 7th Floor L&C Annex 401 Church Street Nashville, TN 37243-1534 EVALUATION OF REGIONAL DISSOLVED OXYGEN PATTERNS OF WADEABLE STREAMS IN TENNESSEE BASED ON DIURNAL AND DAYLIGHT MONITORING by Deborah H. Arnwine Gregory M. Denton January 2003 Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation Division of Water Pollution Control 7th Floor L&C Annex 401 Church Street Nashville, TN 37243-1534 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ….……………………………………………… vi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ….……………………………………………… vii 1. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………….… 1 1.0 Factors Affecting the Amount of Dissolved Oxygen in Streams 2 1.0.0 Natural Factors That Increase or Decrease Stream Oxygen Levels……………………………………………………………... 2 1.0.1 Pollution and Depletion of Dissolved Oxygen…………..……….. 3 1.1 Percent Saturation and the Availability of Oxygen…………………. 3 1.2 Dissolved Oxygen Criteria…………………………………………….. 4 2. DATA COLLECTION………………………………………………….…. 5 2.0 Reference Stream Selection…………………………………………… 7 2.1 Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring………………………………………… 8 2.1.0 Daylight Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring………………………… 8 2.1.1 Diurnal Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring………………………….. 8 2.1.2 Quality Assurance……………………………………………….. 8 2.2 Water Temperature…………………………………………………… 16 3. RESULTS 17 3.0 Dissolved Oxygen in the Mississippi Valley Loess Plains (73a)……... 17 3.1 Ecological Subregions Where the Minimum Reference Dissolved Oxygen Level is Generally 5 ppm…………………………………… 20 3.1.0 Blackland Prairie (65a), Flatwoods/Alluvial Prairie Margins (65b) and Fall Line Hills (65i)……………………………………. 20 3.1.1 Southern Shale Valleys (67g)…………………………………….. 21 3.1.2 Sequatchie Valley (68b)………………………………………….. 23 3.1.3 Plateau Escarpment (68c)………………………………………… 23 3.1.4 Eastern Highland Rim (71g)………...…………………………… 24 3.1.5 Outer Nashville Basin (71h)……………………………………… 27 3.1.6 Inner Nashville Basin (71i)…..………………………………….. -
TVA-Qualified Data Center Sites: Duffield, VA and Morristown, TN
Ready-for-Development Data Center Sites in Northeast Tennessee Valley Three sites in the Northeast Tennessee Valley In 2010, the Tennessee Valley Authority engaged joined an elite group of locations identified by a nationally recognized consulting firm to pre- a recent Tennessee Valley Authority sponsored qualify sites within its service area as ready- study as a pre-qualifier for a data center site. for-development for data centers. “Demand Bristol and Morristown, Tennessee and Duffield, for data centers is growing as increased use Virginia were three of only 14 locations in the of electronic commerce and information seven-state Tennessee Valley region to receive technologies requires more data storage space,” the designation. The Northeast Tennessee Valley said John Bradley, senior vice president for TVA region is a 15 county sub-area of the TVA and is Economic Development. “TVA’s goal is to help situated in Northeast Tennessee and Southwest make the region more competitive in attracting Virginia midway between Knoxville, Tennessee and retaining these types of industries, “ Bradley and Roanoke, Virginia. As a pre-qualifier, added. the three sites meet the criteria for electric The consulting firm retained by TVA specialized service, fiber service, site considerations, labor in audit, consulting, financial advisory, risk accessibility and low risk for natural disasters management and tax services. The study all of which are necessary for a data center involved a search for data center-friendly environment, according to the study’s findings. environments including an evaluation of sites with the potential to support data center deployments. The consulting firm The Bristol West site is a 5-acre tract of land in assessed more than 50 sites across TVA’s an upscale business park located off Interstate service area considering factors such as robust 81 near the Tennessee/Virginia border. -
Coleoptera: Carabidae) by Thomas C
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Crossref TRECHOBLEMUS IN NORTH AMERICA, WITH A KEY TO NORTH AMERICAN GENERA OF TREX2HINAE (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) BY THOMAS C. BARR, JR. The University of Kentucky, Lexington Trechoblemus Ganglbauer is a genus of trechine beetles (Tre- chinae: Trechini: Trechina) previously known only from Europe and Asia. It formed the type genus of Jeannel's "S6rie phyl6tique de Trechoblemus". and is generally regarded as closely related to cavernicolous trechines in Japan, the Carpathians and Transylvanian Alps of eastern Europe, and eastern United States (Barr, I969; Jeannel, I928, I962; U6no and Yoshida, I966). The large cave beetle genus Pseudanophthalmus Jeannel, with approximately 75 species in caves of ten eastern States, the monobasic genus Nea- phaenops Jeannel, from Kentucky caves, and the dibasic genus ]gelsonites Valentine, ]rorn Tennessee and Kentucky, are part of the Trechoblemus complex. The apparent restriction of Trechoblemus to Eurasia led previous investigators to conclude that, with respect to the richly diverse trechine fauna in caves of eastern United States, "there are no im- mediate, ancestral genera now present in North America" (Barr, 969, p. 83). Although there is at least one edaphobitic (obligate in soil) species of American Pseudanophthalmus known (P. sylvaticus Barr, I967), in the mountains of West Virginia, it has already lost eyes, wings, and pigment, and merely indicates that many of the "regressive" evolutionary changes in ancestral Pseudanohthal- mus may have taken place in the soil or deep humus before the beetles became restricted to caves. Most of the species of Pseuda- nophthalmus from eastern Europe (Barr, 964) are also eyeless edaphobites. -
Directions from Chattanooga Tennessee to Atlanta Georgia
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