NERC Planet Earth Magazine
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RRS Discovery Cruise 260
RRS Discovery Cruise 260 Metabolism, activity and distribution patterns in demersal deep-sea fish 6th-24th March 2002 Principal Scientist: Dr Martin A Collins Cover picture: A wave breaking over the stern of Discovery during cruise 260 (Ian Hudson). 2 Discovery 250 Scientific Party Martin Collins Aberdeen University Monty Priede Aberdeen University Phil Bagley Aberdeen University David Bailey Aberdeen University Camila Henriques Aberdeen University Kirsty Kemp Aberdeen University Richard Paterson Aberdeen University Emma Battle Aberdeen University Steve Hoskin Aberdeen University Rob McAllen Aberdeen University Alan Jamieson Aberdeen University Kostas Christodoulou IMBC, Crete/ Aberdeen University Ben Boorman Southampton Oceanography Centre Ian Hudson Southampton Oceanography Centre Rhian Waller Southampton Oceanography Centre Francisco Benitez Southampton Oceanography Centre Dan Mayor Southampton Oceanography Centre Sandrine le Polain University of Louvain Bertrand Genard University of Louvain Amanda Brindley Queen Mary College, London Hans-Joachen Wagner University of Tübingen Uli Mattheus University of Tübingen Xiaohong Deng University of Maryland Darren Young UKORS (TLO) Jeff Bicknell UKORS Rob Mclaughlan UKORS Phil Taylor UKORS Simon Dodd UKORS Ships Company Robin Plumley Master Peter Seargeant Chief Officer John Mitchell 2nd Officer Peter Reynolds 3rd Officer Jet Jethwa Chief Engineer Ian Slater 2nd Engineer Steve Bell 3rd Engineer John Harnett 3rd Engineer Dave Stewart ETO Mick Trevaskis CPOD (Bosun) Peter Bennet POD Dave Buffery -
Geological Timeline
Geological Timeline In this pack you will find information and activities to help your class grasp the concept of geological time, just how old our planet is, and just how young we, as a species, are. Planet Earth is 4,600 million years old. We all know this is very old indeed, but big numbers like this are always difficult to get your head around. The activities in this pack will help your class to make visual representations of the age of the Earth to help them get to grips with the timescales involved. Important EvEnts In thE Earth’s hIstory 4600 mya (million years ago) – Planet Earth formed. Dust left over from the birth of the sun clumped together to form planet Earth. The other planets in our solar system were also formed in this way at about the same time. 4500 mya – Earth’s core and crust formed. Dense metals sank to the centre of the Earth and formed the core, while the outside layer cooled and solidified to form the Earth’s crust. 4400 mya – The Earth’s first oceans formed. Water vapour was released into the Earth’s atmosphere by volcanism. It then cooled, fell back down as rain, and formed the Earth’s first oceans. Some water may also have been brought to Earth by comets and asteroids. 3850 mya – The first life appeared on Earth. It was very simple single-celled organisms. Exactly how life first arose is a mystery. 1500 mya – Oxygen began to accumulate in the Earth’s atmosphere. Oxygen is made by cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) as a product of photosynthesis. -
Beyond Planet Earth: the Future of Planet Earth: Beyond 20 22 18 14 12 6 8 4 ; and the of 35Th the Anniversary 3
Member Magazine Fall 2011 Vol. 36 No. 4 Searching For Life on Mars How to Opening Build November 19 a Lunar BEYOND Elevator PLANET EARTH: THE FUTURE OF SPACE EXPLORATION Astrophysics at the Museum 2 News at the Museum 3 From the Even for those of us long past our school years, fall of you participated. Based on that work, the Museum More Stars Shine Brighter With Museum To Offer always feels like “back to school”—a time for new has restructured and enhanced its program to bring President ventures and new adventures. The most exciting it more fully in line with Members’ lives. Hayden Planetarium Upgrade Science Teaching Degree new venture at the Museum is our Master of Arts Membership categories will now more closely Ellen V. Futter in Teaching (MAT) program, which marks the first reflect the kinds of households that you are part This fall, the Museum is launching a Master time that an institution other than a university of, with new Family and Adult tracks that will of Arts in Teaching (MAT) program, marking or college will offer a master’s program for science allow us to tailor programs, services, and benefits. the first time that an institution other than teachers. Please read more about this pioneering And, moving forward, there will be an increased a university or college will offer such a program initiative on page 3. emphasis on communication, including keeping for science teachers. Fall 2011 brings a full slate of exciting offerings in closer touch with Members through electronic The pioneering 15-month program is for the public, including our thrilling new means, including a new digital membership. -
Octopoda: Opisthoteuthidae: Grimpoteuthis Sp.)
Marine Biology (2020) 167:82 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-020-03701-1 SHORT NOTE First in situ observation of Cephalopoda at hadal depths (Octopoda: Opisthoteuthidae: Grimpoteuthis sp.) Alan J. Jamieson1 · Michael Vecchione2 Received: 6 March 2020 / Accepted: 7 May 2020 / Published online: 26 May 2020 © The Author(s) 2020 Abstract The Cephalopoda are not typically considered characteristic of the benthic fauna at hadal depths (depths exceeding 6000 m), yet occasional open-net trawl samples have implied that they might be present to ~ 8000 m deep. Previous in situ photographic evidence has placed the deepest cephalopod at 5145 m. The discrepancies between the two have meant that the maximum depth for cephalopods has gone unresolved. In this study we report on unequivocal sightings, by HD video lander, of a cephalopod at hadal depths. The demersal cirrate octopod Grimpoteuthis sp. was observed at both 5760 and 6957 m in the Indian Ocean. These observations extend the known maximum depth range for cephalopods by 1812 m and increase the potential benthic habitat available to cephalopods from 75 to 99% of the global seafoor. Introduction which are known to attach their eggs to the seafoor, was found in the intestine of the snailfish Pseudoliparis The total bathymetric range of marine organisms is often (Careproctus) amblystomopsis from the same trench at difficult to resolve accurately because sampling effort 7210–7230 m (Birstein and Vinogradov 1955) which also becomes less frequent with increasing depth. One impor- indicated a hadal distribution (Akimushkin 1963). Finally, tant group with ambiguous records of maximum depth is the in 1975 a specimen of Grimpoteuthis sp. -
Pseudoliparis Swirei Sp. Nov.: a Newly-Discovered Hadal Snailfish (Scorpaeniformes: Liparidae) from the Mariana Trench
Zootaxa 4358 (1): 161–177 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4358.1.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:84494502-9E85-49DA-8530-092AF8918D88 Pseudoliparis swirei sp. nov.: A newly-discovered hadal snailfish (Scorpaeniformes: Liparidae) from the Mariana Trench MACKENZIE E. GERRINGER1, THOMAS D. LINLEY2, ALAN J. JAMIESON2, ERICA GOETZE1 & JEFFREY C. DRAZEN1 1Dept. Of Oceanography, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, HI 96822. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2School of Marine Science and Technology, Ridley Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK. NE1 7RU. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Pseudoliparis swirei sp. nov. is described from 37 individuals collected in the Mariana Trench at depths 6898–7966 m. The collection of this new species is the deepest benthic capture of a vertebrate with corroborated depth data. Here, we describe P. swirei sp. nov. and discuss aspects of its morphology, biology, distribution, and phylogenetic relationships to other hadal liparids based on analysis of three mitochondrial genes. Pseudoliparis swirei sp. nov. is almost certainly en- demic to the Mariana Trench, as other hadal liparids appear isolated to a single trench/ trench system in the Kermadec, Macquarie, South Sandwich, South Orkney, Peru-Chile, Kurile-Kamchatka and Japan trenches. The discovery of another hadal liparid species, apparently abundant at depths where other fish species are few and only found in low numbers, pro- vides further evidence for the dominance of this family among the hadal fish fauna. -
Netflix Cheat Sheet
NETFLIX CHEAT SHEET Animals: BBC: Life The Crimson Wing 72 Dangerous Animals: Tiger: Spy in the Jungle Bindi’s Bootcamp Australia Elephant: Spy in the Herd Wings of Life The Hunt Polar Bear: Spy on Ice Born in China Africa’s Deadliest Dolphins: Spy in the Pod 72 Cutest Animals Trek: Spy of the Lions: Spy in the Den Growing Up Wild Wildebeest Bears: Spy in the Woods Baby Animals in the Wild Africa’s Deadliest Penguins: Spy in the Hidden Kingdoms Leopard Fight Club Huddle Terra Animal Fight Night Blackfish Ghost of the Mountain Peculiar Pets Shark Virunga Race of LIfe The Lion in Your Living 72 Dangerous Animals: Wild Ones Room Asia David Attenborough’s A Dog’s Life 72 Dangerous Animals: Natural Curiosities Tyke: Elephant Outlaw America Earth & Nature : Space: History: Planet Earth II Alien Contact: Outer NOVA: Secrets of Noah’s Planet Earth Space Ark Blue Planet NOVA: Earth’s Rocky Start The Vietnam War Frozen Planet Into the Inferno The Pyramid Code Planet Earth: As You’ve The Real Death Star Vikings Unearthed Never Seen It Edge of the Universe WWII in Colour A Plastic Ocean Horizon: Secrets of the Untold Histories of the Earth’s Natural Wonders Solar System United States Mission Blue The Inexplicable Universe Nazi Mega Weapons World’s Worst Disasters The Beginning and End of 9/11: Truths, Lies & Nature’s Weirdest Events the Universe Conspiracy Nature’s Great Events Horizon: Supermassive Nazi Megastructures Weird Wonders of the Black Holes Auschwitz: The Nazis and World Orbit the Final Solution Forces of Nature In Search for Life in Space D-Day Desperate Hours: The Royal House of Witnesses & Survivors Presidents: Windsor Full Force Nature How to Win the US Tornado Hunters Presidency Dinosaurs: The Wheelchair President Raising the Dinosaur Giant JFK: The Making of a Horizon Dinosaurs: The President Hunt for Life Meet the Trumps: From Dino Hunt Immigrant to President HomeschoolHideout.com Please do not share or reproduce. -
Greening Wildlife Documentary’, in Libby Lester and Brett Hutchins (Eds) Environmental Conflict and the Media, New York: Peter Lang
Morgan Richards (forthcoming 2013) ‘Greening Wildlife Documentary’, in Libby Lester and Brett Hutchins (eds) Environmental Conflict and the Media, New York: Peter Lang. GREENING WILDLIFE DOCUMENTARY Morgan Richards The loss of wilderness is a truth so sad, so overwhelming that, to reflect reality, it would need to be the subject of every wildlife film. That, of course, would be neither entertaining nor ultimately dramatic. So it seems that as filmmakers we are doomed either to fail our audience or fail our cause. — Stephen Mills (1997) Five years before the BBC’s Frozen Planet was first broadcast in 2011, Sir David Attenborough publically announced his belief in human-induced global warming. “My message is that the world is warming, and that it’s our fault,” he declared on the BBC’s Ten O’Clock News in May 2006. This was the first statement, both in the media and in his numerous wildlife series, in which he didn’t hedge his opinion, choosing to focus on slowly accruing scientific data rather than ruling definitively on the causes and likely environmental impacts of climate change. Frozen Planet, a seven-part landmark documentary series, produced by the BBC Natural History Unit and largely co-financed by the Discovery Channel, was heralded by many as Attenborough’s definitive take on climate change. It followed a string of big budget, multipart wildlife documentaries, known in the industry as landmarks1, which broke with convention to incorporate narratives on complex environmental issues such as habitat destruction, species extinction and atmospheric pollution. David Attenborough’s The State of the Planet (2000), a smaller three-part series, was the first wildlife documentary to deal comprehensively with environmental issues on a global scale. -
Saving Planet Earth by Jack Spencer Fountas-Pinnell Level S Science Fiction Selection Summary in the Year 3030 Only a Few Humans Live on Planet Earth
LESSON 4 TEACHER’S GUIDE Saving Planet Earth by Jack Spencer Fountas-Pinnell Level S Science Fiction Selection Summary In the year 3030 only a few humans live on planet Earth. Derek is a scientist stationed on planet Earth. He tries to fi nd signs of life to save the planet. His son Dennis discovers butterfl ies. His discovery saves planet Earth. Number of Words: 1,603 Characteristics of the Text Genre • Science fi ction Text Structure • Third-person narrative with detailed episodes • Includes a prologue to give background information Content • Environmental disaster • Importance of air, plants, and insects to Earth • Scientifi c research Themes and Ideas • It is important to preserve history. • Scientifi c discoveries help the earth in many ways. • Persistence leads to success. Language and • Long stretches of descriptive language important to understanding the setting and the Literary Features characters of the story. • Multiple characters revealed by what they say, think, and do as well as what other characters say and think about them • Setting is distant in time and space from students’ experiences Sentence Complexity • Longer complex sentence structures that include dialogue as well as embedded clauses and phrases • Questions in dialogue Vocabulary • Vocabulary words that readers must derive from context: monitor, wrist communicator, void Words • Many multisyllable words: permanently, stubbornly, possibility Illustrations • Colorful illustrations with captions support the text. Book and Print Features • Easy-to-read chapter headings • Captions under illustrations provide important information for understanding the story © 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. -
1 a Critical Analysis of How the BBC Marketed to Attract Viewers for Planet Earth II and How Social Media Contributed to The
A critical analysis of how the BBC marketed to attract viewers for Planet Earth II and how social media contributed to the campaign’s success. Ten years after the BBC’s Emmy award-winning nature documentary Planet Earth (2006, BBC) stunned audiences with high-definition views of animal habitats across the globe, a sequel promising ‘the most immersive wildlife documentary experience to date’ was announced (BBC Media Centre, 2016). Revealed on February 22, 2016, Planet Earth II (2016, BBC) is the latest instalment of the highly successful Planet Earth franchise that includes documentary series The Blue Planet (2001, BBC) and feature film Earth (2007, BBC Worldwide). The new series, set to premiere later in the year, consists of six episodes that each feature a specific habitat including grasslands, forests, mountains and cities. Shot over four years, it utilises the latest camera and drone technology and is the first nature documentary to be filmed in ultra high-definition (4K). With never-before-seen footage and the return of well-respected presenter David Attenborough, Planet Earth II features all the elements necessary for high ratings; however, in a digital generation where primetime television is becoming less relevant, a strong marketing campaign was imperative to ensure success. Leo Birch, BBC strategist responsible for marketing the series, admitted in a telephone interview that primetime television is becoming increasingly harder to market, however the key to success is to plan a campaign suitable for the future (Birch 2017). By spreading content via various social media channels including YouTube, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram, the BBC took advantage of new technologies to bring traditional television into the digital generation. -
WP5 and WP9 to Perform Pelagic Bioluminescence Profile Surveys at Each Site
AAbbuunnddaannccee ooff BBiioolluummiinneesscceenntt ssoouurrcceess iinn tthhee ddeeeepp MMeeddiitteerrrraanneeaann SSeeaa Alan Jamieson, Amy Heger & Monty Priede Oceanlab, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, UK. •Objectives: The University of Aberdeen’s Oceanlab is participating in WP5 and WP9 to perform pelagic bioluminescence profile surveys at each site Oceanlab currently has 8 years of bioluminescence profiling experience Preliminary data from the ANTARES and NESTOR sites has been obtained • Two types of bioluminescence in the deep sea: – Bacteria – Steady baseline source of light from bacterial films on structures or on marine snow particles. – Animals – Flashes of light from light organs or extrusion of luminescent material into the water Protozoa - ca 1mm Copepods - ca 1mm Ctenophores - 10mm + tentacles to 100mm Medusae - 1-50cm Salps - Colonies up to 10m long. e.g. Maximum luminescent intensities for copepods 12 Range 0.03-377x1011 mean 56 x 1011 10 8 r e b m 6 u N 4 Flash frequency = <100ms - >600ms 2 Flash duration = 2s - 17s 0 Other; 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 Jellyfish = 2x1011 photons s-1 -1 11 Photons .s x 10 Crustacean = 1-3x1011 photons s-1 • Bioluminescence sampling techniques Bathyphotometers • Animals tend to flash at unpredictable intervals so the normal way to measure bioluminescence in the water is by stimulation in a flow- through bathyphotometer Count photons/litre PMT Inlet Exhaust Light Pump chamber Pumping Photometers are limited by inlet size and flow rate Bioluminescence sampling techniques ISIT camera/Splat-screen • Bioluminescence is mechanically stimulated by a mesh screen placed in front of a downward looking ultra low-light camera (ISIT = 10-9 ųW/cm-2) • The screen and camera are deployed either on a lander or a CTD probe A B C D A – Ultra-low-light camera B – Power/control unit C – Lamp D – Splat-screen Bathyphotometers vs. -
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Planet Earth II and the Operational Aesthetic
The Cine-Files, Issue 14 (spring 2019) “A World of Wonder:” Planet Earth II and the Operational Aesthetic Mikki Kressbach “I dream of a new age of curiosity. We have the technical means for it.” - Michel Foucault, “The Masked Philosopher”1 The first episode of Planet Earth II (BBC Nature 2016),2 the celebrated follow up to the 2006 nature documentary series, opens on the striking, emerald green island of Escudo, home to the three- toed pigmy sloth. David Attenborough’s narration introduces the character and stages the major drama of the sequence: “he needs a mate.” The sloth appears to doze lazily in the lush greenery, clinging to a mossy tree branch, when a high-pitched cry sounds off screen: “that’s an enticing call from a female. Somewhere out there.” Through a spectacular series of shots, we see the sloth swing between branches, swim across a crystal-clear stretch of turquoise water, and finally arrive at a cluster of trees. A medium shot captures the sloth treading water as he looks up, followed by a point of view shot that gazes up at the tree tops where another sloth appears perched in the branches: “could this be her?” He climbs up the tree, making his way toward the mystery female, culminating in dramatic close up of the sloth whose gaze is directed upward, off screen [Figure 1]. “But she’s not the one,” Attenborough reveals, with the programme’s cut to the female sloth who looks down at the male and swings her arm to reveal a baby clinging to her furry chest.