Holly-Ann Carl B4029889 [email protected] Supervised by Dr Caron Newman

Conclusion Aims and Objectives: The timeline shows that a great Romanus Miles de Helton holds land at Helton (Hylton) 1166 To determine how the has The first mention of a structure was listed in the inventory after deal is known about ’s 1435 changed over time, considering the the death of Sir Robert later history, however its early influence of ownership, taste and Upon Thomas Hylton’s death an inventory was made, listing a history has rarely been explored. number of ‘new’ rooms 1559 wealth. Baron Henry Hylton leaves the estate to the corporation of This can only be done by further 1640 for charitable purposes for 99 years archaeological investigation. Throughout the castle’s history it John Hylton retrieves ownership of the castle .He adds the north wing and rearranges the interior of the before his 1700 has undergone several death in 1707. transformations, the most A matching wing was added by John’s son, John and the north 1728-1746 wing was remodelled . dramatic being the construction and demolition of the north and west wings; an extravagant display The last Baron John dies and the estate is inherited by Sir Richard Musgrave 1746 of wealth. Each building phase is a reflection of the owners’ desired The estate was bought by Mary Bowes for £33,850. A number of 1763-1766 alternations were carried out in her minority. place in society and was used in an attempt to show off their social W.Briggs purchases the castle, he demolishes both of the wings, in order to create a true ‘medieval’ castle 1896 standing. Reconstruction of the castle as it may have looked 1914-17 During WW1 the Castle became home to two training battalions from in the 1700s by Meikle & Newman and Lancaster. A housing estate grows up around the castle. The derelict castle is vandalised and then finally consolidated in the 1970s 1940-70

Methodology Excavations show the gatehouse was part of a larger group of Bibliography 1993-94 domestic buildings which developed into a larger during Scott, W (1888) The Monthly Chronicle of The research comprised two parts: A programme of major restoration and renovation as it is the 1700s North-Country Lore and Legend.  Documentary research, for which I transformed into an education centre 2016 Newcastle Weekly Chronicle:Newcastle- visited the Robinson and GNM on- Tyne. Library to gather background Meikle, M & Newman, C (2007) information on Hylton Castle. Most and its Origins . London: of the historical data was found in Phillimore &Co Ltd. the local studies section of Morley,B ( 1997) Hylton Castle. London: Sunderland Library and the HER Majesty’s Stationery Office Sunderland Antiquarian society. The Howitt, W (1792-1879) Visits to Historic Environment remarkable places. Vol 2. Record had information on the early Middleton, P ( 2015) Hylton Castle: history of the castle. Online Conservation Management and resources such as Durham records Maintenance Plan. Northern Archaeological Associates For Beaumont office and the Bowes Museum Brown Architects. website, allowed me to fill in gaps in Waterson, E & Meadows, P (1993) Lost the timeline. Houses of . Bridlington: The Buck Brothers illustrated prestigious homes. This demonstrates  A visit to the castle to record Howitt notes that despite the castle’s unloved state, Briggs belonged to the rising middle class Clifford Ward & Co. Hylton Castle was an important residence in the 18th century. beautiful ceilings depicting classical figures could be seen. and his attempt to recreate a medieval photographic evidence of change to Hutchinson, W (1787/1796) History of Engraving by Samuel and Nathaniel Buck in 1728. Engraving by Howitt in 1829. castle showed his new social standing . the building. County Palatine of Durham Photograph taken by Sunderland Antiquarian society.