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Arxiv:1911.09312V2 [Cs.CR] 12 Dec 2019
Revisiting and Evaluating Software Side-channel Vulnerabilities and Countermeasures in Cryptographic Applications Tianwei Zhang Jun Jiang Yinqian Zhang Nanyang Technological University Two Sigma Investments, LP The Ohio State University [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Abstract—We systematize software side-channel attacks with three questions: (1) What are the common and distinct a focus on vulnerabilities and countermeasures in the cryp- features of various vulnerabilities? (2) What are common tographic implementations. Particularly, we survey past re- mitigation strategies? (3) What is the status quo of cryp- search literature to categorize vulnerable implementations, tographic applications regarding side-channel vulnerabili- and identify common strategies to eliminate them. We then ties? Past work only surveyed attack techniques and media evaluate popular libraries and applications, quantitatively [20–31], without offering unified summaries for software measuring and comparing the vulnerability severity, re- vulnerabilities and countermeasures that are more useful. sponse time and coverage. Based on these characterizations This paper provides a comprehensive characterization and evaluations, we offer some insights for side-channel of side-channel vulnerabilities and countermeasures, as researchers, cryptographic software developers and users. well as evaluations of cryptographic applications related We hope our study can inspire the side-channel research to side-channel attacks. We present this study in three di- community to discover new vulnerabilities, and more im- rections. (1) Systematization of literature: we characterize portantly, to fortify applications against them. the vulnerabilities from past work with regard to the im- plementations; for each vulnerability, we describe the root cause and the technique required to launch a successful 1. -
Proceedings of the Nimbus Program Review
X-650-62-226 J, / N63 18601--N 63 18622 _,_-/ PROCEEDINGS OF THE NIMBUS PROGRAM REVIEW OTS PRICE XEROX S _9, ,_-_ MICROFILM $ Jg/ _-"/_j . J"- O NOVEMBER 14-16, 1962 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NIMBUS PROGRAM REVIEW \ November 14-16, 1962 GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER Greenbelt, Md. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER PROCEEDINGS OF THE NIMBUS PROGRAM REVIEW FOREWORD The Nimbus program review was conducted at the George Washington Motor Lodge and at General Electric Missiles and Space Division, Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, on November 14, 15, and 16, 1962. The purpose of the review was twofold: first, to present to top management of the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Headquarters, other NASA elements, Joint Meteorological Satellite Advisory Committee (_MSAC), Weather Bureau, subsystem contractors, and others, a clear picture of the Nimbus program, its organization, its past accomplishments, current status, and remaining work, emphasizing the continuing need and opportunity for major contributions by the industrial community; second, to bring together project and contractor technical personnel responsible for the planning, execution, and support of the integration and test of the spacecraft to be initiated at General Electric shortly. This book is a compilation of the papers presented during the review and also contains a list of those attending. Harry P_ress Nimbus Project Manager CONTENTS FOREWORD lo INTRODUCTION TO NIMBUS by W. G. Stroud, GSFC _o THE NIMBUS PROJECT-- ORGANIZATION, PLAN, AND STATUS by H. Press, GSFC o METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS OF NIMBUS DATA by E.G. Albert, U.S. -
2018 Advertising + Sponsorship Opportunities
INTRO SPONSORS QUICK LINKS QUICK DIGITAL MEDIA DIGITAL PRINT MEDIA PRINT REGISTRATION BRANDING + SIGNAGE BANNERS BANNERS EVENTS 2018 ADVERTISING + SPONSORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES Outdoor Retailer Winter Market has creative and dynamic opportunities to get your brand in MEDIA front of attendees before, during and after the show. EDUCATION NOVEMBER 8 - 11, 2018 | COLORADO CONVENTION CENTER | DENVER, CO CONTACT US Outdoor Retailer Winter Market | 2018 Sponsorship + Advertising Opportunities 1 INTRO INTRO SPONSORS WE ARE OUTDOOR Outdoor Retailer Winter Market’s core value is that we QUICK LINKS QUICK offer face-to-face interaction that cannot be replicated in a digital setting. It’s the same thing that our retailers offer their customers as a value over online shopping. We offer the opportunity to connect. DIGITAL MEDIA DIGITAL Brands exhibit at Outdoor Retailer Winter Market to efficiently foster engagement and intelligence. It is not a “if you build it, they will come” endeavor, however. Your PRINT MEDIA PRINT opportunity to connect depends on drawing retailers and media to your booth. Sponsorships give you a voice beyond your booth and help create a multi-platform approach to draw in the retailers and media you want to see. REGISTRATION Don’t wait for the right person to walk by, bring them in. BRANDING Outdoor Retailer + Snow Show 2018 Recap Video + SIGNAGE BANNERS BANNERS Outdoor Retailer Summer Market 2018 Recap Video EVENTS Venture Out 2017 Recap Video MEDIA EDUCATION CONTACT US Outdoor Retailer Winter Market | 2018 Sponsorship + Advertising Opportunities 2 BANNERS INTRO SPONSORS QUICK LINKS DIGITAL MEDIA PRINT MEDIA REGISTRATION BRANDING EVENTS MEDIA EDUCATION + SIGNAGE 3 TITLE SPONSOR GOLD SPONSORS SILVER SPONSORS SILVER PLATINUM SPONSORS PLATINUM Thank you to our Outdoor Winter Market 2017 Sponsors: Market Winter to our Outdoor Thank you SPONSORS CONTACT US Outdoor Retailer Winter Market | 2018 Sponsorship + Advertising Opportunities INTRO QUICK LINKS SPONSORS Elevate your Brand at Outdoor Retailer Winter Market 2018. -
Identifying Open Research Problems in Cryptography by Surveying Cryptographic Functions and Operations 1
International Journal of Grid and Distributed Computing Vol. 10, No. 11 (2017), pp.79-98 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijgdc.2017.10.11.08 Identifying Open Research Problems in Cryptography by Surveying Cryptographic Functions and Operations 1 Rahul Saha1, G. Geetha2, Gulshan Kumar3 and Hye-Jim Kim4 1,3School of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India 2Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India 4Business Administration Research Institute, Sungshin W. University, 2 Bomun-ro 34da gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Abstract Cryptography has always been a core component of security domain. Different security services such as confidentiality, integrity, availability, authentication, non-repudiation and access control, are provided by a number of cryptographic algorithms including block ciphers, stream ciphers and hash functions. Though the algorithms are public and cryptographic strength depends on the usage of the keys, the ciphertext analysis using different functions and operations used in the algorithms can lead to the path of revealing a key completely or partially. It is hard to find any survey till date which identifies different operations and functions used in cryptography. In this paper, we have categorized our survey of cryptographic functions and operations in the algorithms in three categories: block ciphers, stream ciphers and cryptanalysis attacks which are executable in different parts of the algorithms. This survey will help the budding researchers in the society of crypto for identifying different operations and functions in cryptographic algorithms. Keywords: cryptography; block; stream; cipher; plaintext; ciphertext; functions; research problems 1. Introduction Cryptography [1] in the previous time was analogous to encryption where the main task was to convert the readable message to an unreadable format. -
Multiplicative Differentials
Multiplicative Differentials Nikita Borisov, Monica Chew, Rob Johnson, and David Wagner University of California at Berkeley Abstract. We present a new type of differential that is particularly suited to an- alyzing ciphers that use modular multiplication as a primitive operation. These differentials are partially inspired by the differential used to break Nimbus, and we generalize that result. We use these differentials to break the MultiSwap ci- pher that is part of the Microsoft Digital Rights Management subsystem, to derive a complementation property in the xmx cipher using the recommended modulus, and to mount a weak key attack on the xmx cipher for many other moduli. We also present weak key attacks on several variants of IDEA. We conclude that cipher designers may have placed too much faith in multiplication as a mixing operator, and that it should be combined with at least two other incompatible group opera- ¡ tions. 1 Introduction Modular multiplication is a popular primitive for ciphers targeted at software because many CPUs have built-in multiply instructions. In memory-constrained environments, multiplication is an attractive alternative to S-boxes, which are often implemented us- ing large tables. Multiplication has also been quite successful at foiling traditional dif- ¢ ¥ ¦ § ferential cryptanalysis, which considers pairs of messages of the form £ ¤ £ or ¢ ¨ ¦ § £ ¤ £ . These differentials behave well in ciphers that use xors, additions, or bit permutations, but they fall apart in the face of modular multiplication. Thus, we con- ¢ sider differential pairs of the form £ ¤ © £ § , which clearly commute with multiplication. The task of the cryptanalyst applying multiplicative differentials is to find values for © that allow the differential to pass through the other operations in a cipher. -
Applications of Search Techniques to Cryptanalysis and the Construction of Cipher Components. James David Mclaughlin Submitted F
Applications of search techniques to cryptanalysis and the construction of cipher components. James David McLaughlin Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) University of York Department of Computer Science September 2012 2 Abstract In this dissertation, we investigate the ways in which search techniques, and in particular metaheuristic search techniques, can be used in cryptology. We address the design of simple cryptographic components (Boolean functions), before moving on to more complex entities (S-boxes). The emphasis then shifts from the construction of cryptographic arte- facts to the related area of cryptanalysis, in which we first derive non-linear approximations to S-boxes more powerful than the existing linear approximations, and then exploit these in cryptanalytic attacks against the ciphers DES and Serpent. Contents 1 Introduction. 11 1.1 The Structure of this Thesis . 12 2 A brief history of cryptography and cryptanalysis. 14 3 Literature review 20 3.1 Information on various types of block cipher, and a brief description of the Data Encryption Standard. 20 3.1.1 Feistel ciphers . 21 3.1.2 Other types of block cipher . 23 3.1.3 Confusion and diffusion . 24 3.2 Linear cryptanalysis. 26 3.2.1 The attack. 27 3.3 Differential cryptanalysis. 35 3.3.1 The attack. 39 3.3.2 Variants of the differential cryptanalytic attack . 44 3.4 Stream ciphers based on linear feedback shift registers . 48 3.5 A brief introduction to metaheuristics . 52 3.5.1 Hill-climbing . 55 3.5.2 Simulated annealing . 57 3.5.3 Memetic algorithms . 58 3.5.4 Ant algorithms . -
Heritage of Religion, Beliefs and Spirituality Patrimoine De La Religion, Des Croyances Et De La Spiritualité
Heritage of religion, beliefs and spirituality Patrimoine de la religion, des croyances et de la spiritualité A bibliography Une bibliographie By ICOMOS Documenta on Centre - October 2014 Par le Centre de Documenta on ICOMOS - Octobre 2014 Updated and edited by Valéria De Almeida Gomes, intern at ICOMOS Documentation Centre, and Lucile Smirnov. This bibliography refers to documents and materials available at ICOMOS Documentation Centre. It does not intend to be a comprehensive list of scientific literature on religions cultural heritage. Any reference can be consulted or scanned, subject to the limits of copyright legislation. Actualisé et mis en page par Valéria De Almeida Gomes et Lucile Smirnov. Cette bibliographie fait référence à des documents et ouvrages disponibles au Centre de documentation de l’ICOMOS. Elle ne prétend pas constituer une bibliographie exhaustive de la littérature scientifique sur e patrimoine culturel des religions. Toutes ces références peuvent être consultées ou scannées dans la limite de la loi sur le copyright. Contact ICOMOS Documentation Centre / Centre de Documentation ICOMOS http://www.icomos.org/en/documentation-center [email protected] © ICOMOS Documentation Centre, October 2014. ICOMOS - International Council on Monuments and sites Conseil International des Monuments et des Sites 11 rue du Séminaire de Conflans 94 220 Charenton-le-Pont France Tel. + 33 (0) 1 41 94 17 59 http://www.icomos.org Cover photographs: Photos de couverture : Hagia Sophia, Istanbul © David Spencer / Flickr; Borobudur near Yogyakarta. ©: Paul Arps/Flickr; Old Jewish Cemetery (Starý židovský hrbitov), Prague (Prag/Praha) © Ulf Liljankoski / Flickr Index Polytheism and early cults ......................................................... 2 African syncretism and traditional religions ................................. -
Issue Number 5 : January 10’
Issue Number 5 : January 10’ PUBLISHER : Brandon Watts EDITOR: Silly Anne (Priscilla Watts) CONTRIBUTING WRITERS: CON Stephen Dempsey TRIBUTORS Lorraine Blancher Patrick Augustine Katie Lindquist Bill Boles Trevor Kaiser Brandon Watts Ryan Wilson TJ Gumz CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHERS: Mason Mashon Ryan Kirk Josh Poulsen Karen Myers John Goeller Todd Barber Wade Youngblood CONTRIBUTING ARTISTS: Trevor Kaiser, www.FineTunedSignatures.com WEB MASTERS: Sean Hreha, PHP, HTML and Flash Man Wes Broadway, HTML and PHP Maniac CONTRIBUTING SHOPS / COMPANIES: Rays MTB, Cleveland, Ohio Crater Cycles, Kahului, Hawaii Outspokin Cycles, Columbia, South Carolina Kent Eriksen Cycles, Steamboat Springs, Colorado New England Mountain Bike Association, Acton, Mass. OTHER SUPPORT: Drew Reger, The GPS Store, www.theGPSstore.com All rights reserved to FREEHUB Media, LLC. Copyright 2010. FREEHUB MEDIA, LLC Bellingham, WA 98226 www.FreehubMag.com [email protected] Freehub “Reader Photo Contest” winner [1st place] Photo by Ryan Kirk TRAIL & RIDE REVIEWS 8 Cleveland, Ohio by Rays MTB Kahului, Hawaii by Crater Cycles 10 ISSUE NUMBER 5 JANUARY 2010 12 Columbia, South Carolina by Outspokin Bicycles RIDER RANTS CONTENTS 16 Stephen Dempsey, XC 24 Lorraine Blancher, Freeride & DH CREATIVE PEEPS 28 Trevor Kaiser RIDER . RYAN MEYERSN PHOTO .JAYSINCLAIRPHOTO.COM INDUSTRY HANDS 30 Kent Eriksen Cycles, Colorado FRIENDLY FRONTS 00 Memphis, Tennessee (Printed Annual Only) COMMUNITY 34 New England Mountain Bike Association This Issue is our SHORT issue, and will be the last content in the 260 page annual that will be released at the 2010 Sea Otter Classic in April. To everyone that has helped make our dream a reality, THANKS! Freehub “Reader Photo Contest” winner [3rd place] Photo by Wade Youngblood Todd Glasgow, of the Black Rock Mountain Bike Association ripping Sicter Gnar at this years Demo Day. -
2016 Fishing Product Catalog
2016 Fishing Product Catalog A.T.A.K. The A.T.A.K. – Advanced Tactical Angling Kayak – strikes the elusive balance between speed and stability with its long waterline, highly walkable surface, and wind-shedding hull. The open deck design is optimized for accessory customization with storage opportunities intelligently located throughout. The AirPro MAX high/ low seat comes standard and is complemented by the new AirPro 3D (sold separately) seat that provides an elevated perch position for the angler to paddle or cast from for unsurpassed visibility. Top it off with the Flex Pod OS console for electronics integration and compatibility with the new Helix MDTM Motor Drive (sold separately), and the A.T.A.K. clearly sets a new standard for the kayak fishing experience. AirPro MAX** Self-Bailing Paddle Park Seating System Scupper Holes Removable Utility Pod Cover Security Bars (4) w/ Extended Travel Rectangular Stern Hatch w/ Bungee and SlideTraxTM Bow Storage Hood Rigid Carry Handle Bow Paddle Park Rigid Carry Handle Rear SlideTraxTM Accessory System Flex Pod OS Removable Keepers XL Foot Console Tankwell w/ Adjustable Bungee Brace System Rugged and Gear Security Straps (2 Midship SlideTraxTM Front SlideTraxTM Skid Plate Accessory System Molded-In Side Stand Up Accessory System Carry Handles Assist Strap Made in the USA A.T.A.K. ACCESSORIES SKU# A.T.A.K. 140 COLORS High Capacity Bow Hood 8070002 (SHOWN ABOVE) Rectangular 4" Stow Bin 8070009 Rectangular 4/6" Stow Bin 8070010 FlexPod OS Console 8070014 FlexPod OS Electronics Kit 8070015 DESERT DUSK FLINT Rudder Kit - Solo 8070026 CAMO AirPro 3D Seat 8070030 Stern Mounting Plate 8070025 Rod Stager 8070017 Gear Security Strap Kit 8070019 MANGO MIDNIGHT SONAR Cam Lock Buckle Kit 8070020 Stabilizer Bar 8070029 Utility Pod Cover - Blank 8070011 Utility Pod Cover - Gear Trac 8070012 Utility Pod Cover - Tool & Drink Holder 8070013 SlideTrax Mounting Plate 8070023 SlideTrax Tie-Downs (set of 4) 8070022 * For a more detailed list of compatible accessories, see pages 15 - 16 A.T.A.K. -
2015 Fishing Catalog
2015 Fishing Product Catalog NEW ATAK The new Wilderness Systems ATAK – Advanced Tactical Angling Kayak – is fully equipped and in position to take the kayak angling world by storm. Featuring an open design that can be customized to meet the demands of any angler and environment. The deck is highly walkable and stable, yet the boat remains nimble and stealthy. The low-profile, wind-shedding hull will keep you on the wa- ter longer, and endless storage opportunities are intel- ligently located throughout. The AirPro MAX seat shows up in a big way, now with extended travel along much of the length of the craft. Top it off with the FlexPod OS electronics console and the fish don’t stand a chance. Phase 3® AirPro MAX Self-Bailing Paddle Park Seating System Scupper Holes Removable Utility Tray/Plate Security Bars (4) w/ Extended Travel TM Hatch SlideTrax Bow Storage Hood Accessory System Rigid Carry Handle Bow Cover Strap Rigid Carry Handle Rear SlideTraxTM Accessory System FlexPod OS Removable Self-Bailing Tankwell Keepers XL Foot Console Brace System Midship SlideTraxTM Front SlideTraxTM Accessory System Molded-In Side Stand Up Accessory System Carry Handles Assist Strap YAKATTACKTM VISICarbon Pro Flag/Light Made in the USA ATAK ACCESSORIES SKU# ATAK 140 COLORS High Capacity Bow Hood 8023990 (SHOWN ABOVE) Rectangular 4" Stow Bin 8023985 Rectangular 4/6" Stow Bin 8023986 FlexPod OS Console 8023981 FlexPod OS Electronics Kit 8023982 LIME RED SAFFRON MIDNIGHT MANGO SOT Rudder Kit - Short Pin 8023788 Phase 3 AirPro MAX Seat 8023782 AirPro 3D -
THE BICYCLE MAN Might Not Be Able to Actually See the Wheels in All Objects
Brainstorm a list of things that have wheels. Remind the students that they THE BICYCLE MAN might not be able to actually see the wheels in all objects. Categorize the Author: Allen Say items on the list into groups, such as “wheels that move us from place to Publisher: Parnassus Press place,” “wheels that make things work,” “wheels that are used for fun,” etc. As they classify the items, discuss any that could appear on more than one list. THEME: The world is full of wheels doing all kinds of things. Invite a police officer into the classroom to talk with the students about safe bicycle riding, roller blading, and skateboarding. PROGRAM SUMMARY: Invite a person who repairs bicycles into the classroom to talk about keeping In a small village in Japan, two American soldiers do amazing tricks on a bor- a bicycle in good condition and problem areas for young people to watch for rowed bicycle. with their bikes. After the guest has left, brainstorm a safe bicycle checklist. LeVar explores the world of wheels and sees how they keep us rolling along- Duplicate the list for students to take home. from bicycles and skateboards to scooters, rollerblades, and human-powered Have students use their creativity and invent a unique bicycle—one that has vehicles. He talks with a freestyle bike specialist who demonstrates some all sorts of special recreational adaptations attached to it, such as a television stunts, and learns about skateboard features from a pro. set, a case for special books, a soda fountain, a gumball machine, and any- TOPICS FOR DISCUSSION: thing else that is wildly imaginative. -
2014 Owner's Manual
1 1 CANOE ANATOMY For over 40 years, the name Mad River Canoe has been LEGEND OF THE MAD RIVER RABBIT synonymous with quality and innovation. Our canoes provide YOKE Every great symbol has a legend. Sitting at the bow of every STERN SEAT GUNWALE T HWART CENTERLINE BOW SEAT the highest level of owner satisfaction in the industry. Mad River Canoe is ours. The story of the Confident Rabbit is STERN DECK BOW DECK We sincerely thank you for choosing Mad River Canoe as the PLAT E PLAT E rooted in northeastern Native American lore. As the tale is means to your next adventure. Whether you’re daydreaming told, the Confident Rabbit sits comfortably amidst the ferns of that special spot on the peaceful waters of the lake or paddling to the edges of the unknown, our canoes will provide enjoying his pipe, even though his mortal enemy, the Lynx, you the performance and confidence to get you there for prowls nearby. The Confident Rabbit is not concerned, for he years to come. relies on his wisdom and strengths and will once more escape the Lynx as he has time and time again. LENGTH STERN AMIDSHIP BOW The symbol of the Rabbit represents Mad River Canoe’s CONTENTS pledge that our canoes are built to the highest standards of STEM 3 Canoe Anatomy 7 Storage reliability and performance in the industry to give you the 4 Getting Started 8 Gunwales & Hull WATERLINE 5 Safety Care & Maintenance same confidence as the Rabbit. It’s that confidence in your 6 Transportation 10 Warranty Information canoe that allows you to focus on the environments and FREEBOARD DRAFT ROCKER adventures that await of you, trusting your boat will get you there, and safely home again.