DOCSLIB.ORG

Mariposas En Un Fragmento De Bosque Seco Tropical En Montes De María (Colombia)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mariposas En Un Fragmento De Bosque Seco Tropical En Montes De María (Colombia) Ciencia en Desarrollo, Vol. 9 No. 2 ISSN 0121 - 7488 - Julio a Diciembre de 2018 Mariposas en un fragmento de bosque seco tropical en Montes de María (Colombia). Butterflies in tropical dry forest fragment at Montes of Maria (Colombia). Yarlenis L. Mercado-Gómez a* Jorge D. Mercado-Gómez b Carlos E. Giraldo - Sánchez c Fecha de Recepción: 12 - dic. - 2017. Fecha de Aceptación: 30 - abr. - 2018. Resumen La riqueza de las mariposas diurnas en los Montes de María (Serranía de Coraza), fue caracterizada a través de tres transectos lineales de 600 m. Ocho parcelas circulares de 15 m de radio se emplearon al interior de cada parcela, recolectando los especímenes con red entomológica y trampas Van Someren Ry- don. Se realizaron curvas de rango-abundancia para comparar la composición, abundancia y uniformidad de las especies en cada transecto; además el número esperado de especies fue calculado a través de una curva de rarefacción y extrapolación-interpolación. En total se recolectaron 301 individuos agrupados en 4 familias, 13 subfamilias, 22 tribus, 44 géneros y 55 especies. Nymphalidae presentó la mayor abundancia (235) y riqueza (37); mientras que Biblidinae (120 individuos) y Hamadryas februa (56 individuos) son la subfamilia y especie más abundantes. Los resultados sugieren que los bosques secos de Coraza, a pesar de su degradación por las actividades antrópicas, poseen gran riqueza de mariposas. Este estudio demuestra la importancia de seguir realizando estudios de composición de mariposas que permitan conocer no solo la estructura de estas comunidades, sino también para incrementar el conocimiento de la entomofauna de los bosques secos dentro de la reserva forestal Serranía de Coraza. Palabras Claves: Montes de María, Colosó, riqueza, composición, lepidoptera. a Maestría en Biología. Grupo Evolución y Sistemática Tropical. Universidad de Sucre, Carrera 28 No. 5-27. Sincelejo, Colombia. Yarle- [email protected]. b Grupo Evolución y Sistemática Tropical. Departamento de Biología y Química. Universidad de Sucre, Carrera 28 No. 5-27. Sincelejo, Colombia. [email protected]. c Grupo de Investigación de Sanidad Vegetal. Universidad Católica del Oriente, Rionegro-Colombia. * Autor para correspondencia. 35 Yarlenis L. Mercado-Gómez et. al. Abstract The richness of diurnal butterflies in the Montes de Maria (Serranía de Coraza) was characterized using linear transects of 600 m. long. Inside each transects eight circular plots of 15 m of radius were established. To collected butterflies, we used entomological network and Van Someren Rydon traps. To compare the composition, abundance and uniformity of the species in each transect and to establish if the samples were significant, range-abundance curves were performed. In addition, to calculated the expected number of species curve of rarefaction and extrapolation-interpolation were made. In total, 301 individuals were collected belongs to 4 families, 13 subfamilies, 22 tribes, 44 genera and 55 species. Nymphalidae have the highest abundance (235) and richness (37), while Biblidinae (120 individuals) and Hamadryas februa (56 individuals) were more abundant subfamily and species. Results suggest that tropical dry forests of Coraza, despite the anthropic impact, have a great diversity butterflies’ species. Herein we show the importance of following studying the butterfly composition and diversity that allows, not only know the structure of these communities, also to increase the knowledge inside tropical dry forest entomofauna of Serrania Coraza reserve. Keywords: Montes de María, Colosó, richness, composition. INTRODUCCIÓN [5] como uno de las zonas en mejor estado de conservación. Empero, análisis recientes mues- El bosque seco tropical (bs-t), ha sido defi- tran que estos bosques han sido fragmentados y nido como uno de los ecosistemas de la franja degradados en los últimos años [6, 7]. Asimismo, tropical en los cuales la precipitación anual no otro de los problemas que actualmente afectan supera los 1,800 mm y se presenta una marcada estos bosques es la falta de conocimiento sobre estacionalidad durante dos a seis meses en los la diversidad de varios grupos taxonómicos como cuales la precipitación no supera los 100 mm por los insectos. Las mariposas, por ejemplo son un mes [1]. Estas condiciones han permitido que grupo poco explorado en estos Montes [8]. estos bosques sean considerados como uno de los ecosistemas más complejos e interesantes en la Las mariposas son un grupo de insectos de región neotropical, producto de las adaptaciones suma relevancia, ya que han sido sugeridas como que han sufrido sus especies a tan particulares y indicadores útiles de los cambios a nivel del pai- extremas variaciones del clima [2]. saje, debido a su visibilidad, fácil identificación, rápida reproducción, su estrecha relación con En Colombia los bosques secos están factores físicos y su sensibilidad a los cambios distribuidos principalmente sobre los valles ambientales [9, 10]. Además, cumplen con la interandinos y en la región Caribe [3] con una mayoría de los criterios que debe tener un taxón extensión 8,882,854 ha [4], dentro de las cuales para ser considerado un indicador del estado de recientemente se estableció que el 34.23% están preservación o alteración de los bosques y la siendo utilizadas para pasturas, 28.25% para biodiversidad de los ecosistemas [10]. Dentro de cultivos, 15.0% en otros usos y solo el 22.50% estos se incluyen: la diversidad y distribución son considerados como bosques con cobertura están bien descritas; son relativamente fáciles de natural [3]. En otras palabras, estos bosques ac- muestrear, existen guías de campo accesibles para tualmente se encuentran en alto grado de amena- su identificación, su taxonomía es relativamente za [3]. La región Caribe, aparentemente presenta estable, son abundantes y diversas en muchos los fragmentos de bosque seco de mayor tamaño ecosistemas [11]. y en mejor estado de conservación. No obstante, García, et al. [3] menciona que solo el 37,97% Con el fin de contribuir al conocimiento glo- de las 533.099 ha, que históricamente estaban bal de la biodiversidad y por consecuente en la conformadas por fragmentos de bosque seco, aún conservación de los bosques secos en esta región permanecen como áreas naturales. Incluido den- del país, el objetivo de la presente investigación, tro de estos fragmentos se encuentran los Montes fue caracterizar la riqueza de mariposas diurnas de María (localizados entre los departamento de en la Serranía de Coraza (Montes de María), Sucre y Bolívar), catalogado por Pizano, et al. focalizando principalmente en cinco familias: 36 Yarlenis L. Mercado-Gómez et. al. Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Papilionidae, Riodinidae bosques, cultivos y zonas de pastoreo-ganadería y Lycaenidae. [7]. Fase de campo MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS Para establecer la riqueza de mariposas diur- Área de estudio nas, fueron diseñados tres transectos lineales de aproximadamente 600 m de largo, en los cuales Los Montes de María se encuentran ubicados se establecieron ocho parcelas circulares de 15 m en la parte nororiental del departamento de Su- de radio, separadas entre sí por 60 m [16], para cre, sobre la llanura del Caribe colombiano [12]. un total de 24 parcelas de muestreo (Figura 1). En años recientes, Montes de María se ha visto Dentro de cada una de estas se realizó la recolec- afectado por la expansión de la frontera agrícola ta de las mariposas diurnas usando dos métodos: y ganadera, motivo por el cual se establecieron red entomológica y trampas Van Someren Rydon dos reservas naturales: Reserva Forestal Pro- cebadas con una mezcla atrayente de banano, tectora Serranía de Coraza y Montes de María ron y jugo de caña, con el fin de atraer maripo- (dpto. de Sucre) y el Santuario de Fauna y Flora sas frugívoras, que incluyen especies típicas de Los Colorados (dpto. de Bolívar) [12]. La Reserva zonas tropicales y subtropicales, principalmente Forestal Protectora Serranía de Coraza se ubica mariposas de la familia Nymphalidae [17]. en la jurisdicción del municipio de Colosó [13] (Figura 1). Esta reserva presenta temperaturas El muestreo con trampas se realizó durante entre los 25-28°C, precipitación de 896–1233 cinco horas efectivas por parcela de muestreo, mm anual, con un periodo estacional seco (No- ubicadas a dos metros del suelo. Una vez instala- viembre-Febrero) y 83.5% de humedad relativa das, estas fueron visitadas dos veces al día para promedio [12, 14]. la recolección de los ejemplares capturados. La recolecta con red entomológica fue realizada en- tre las 8:00 -16:00 horas (debido a las condiciones logísticas del muestreo que no garantizaban la seguridad del personal de trabajo en campo) por tres personas en cada parcela, con un esfuerzo total de 5 horas de muestreo por parcela. Cabe destacar que todas las mariposas fueron recolec- tadas, pero solo se incluyeron en el análisis las mariposas pertenecientes a las familias Papilioni- dae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Riodinidae y Nympha- lidae, dadas las dificultades en la identificación acertada de las especies de la familia Hesperiidae [18], lo cual puede llevar a subestimar su riqueza. Figura 1. Localización geográfica de la Reserva Forestal Protectora Serranía de Coraza y las tres Una vez recolectado el material, este fue alma- réplicas de muestreo al interior del bosque. cenado en sobres de papel milano [19], sobre los cuales fue consignada la siguiente información: Respecto a la zona de vida, corresponde a número de parcela, datos de localidad (departa- bosque seco tropical (bs-t), según
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Phylogenetic Relationships and Historical Biogeography of Tribes and Genera in the Subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
    Blackwell Science, LtdOxford, UKBIJBiological Journal of the Linnean Society 0024-4066The Linnean Society of London, 2005? 2005 862 227251 Original Article PHYLOGENY OF NYMPHALINAE N. WAHLBERG ET AL Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 86, 227–251. With 5 figures . Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of tribes and genera in the subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) NIKLAS WAHLBERG1*, ANDREW V. Z. BROWER2 and SÖREN NYLIN1 1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331–2907, USA Received 10 January 2004; accepted for publication 12 November 2004 We infer for the first time the phylogenetic relationships of genera and tribes in the ecologically and evolutionarily well-studied subfamily Nymphalinae using DNA sequence data from three genes: 1450 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) (in the mitochondrial genome), 1077 bp of elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-a) and 400–403 bp of wing- less (both in the nuclear genome). We explore the influence of each gene region on the support given to each node of the most parsimonious tree derived from a combined analysis of all three genes using Partitioned Bremer Support. We also explore the influence of assuming equal weights for all characters in the combined analysis by investigating the stability of clades to different transition/transversion weighting schemes. We find many strongly supported and stable clades in the Nymphalinae. We are also able to identify ‘rogue’
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidopterofauna (Papilionoidea E Hesperioidea) Do Parque Estadual Do Chandless E Arredores, Acre, Brasil
    Biota Neotrop., vol. 10, no. 4 Lepidopterofauna (Papilionoidea e Hesperioidea) do Parque Estadual do Chandless e arredores, Acre, Brasil Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke1,2, Eduardo Carneiro¹ & Mirna Martins Casagrande¹ ¹Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, CP 19020, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brasil 2Autor para correspondência: Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke, e-mail: [email protected] MIELKE, O.H.H., CARNEIRO, E. & CASAGRANDE, M.M. Lepidopterofauna (Papilionoidea e Hesperioidea) of the Parque Estadual do Chandless and surroundings, Acre, Brazil. Biota Neotrop. 10(4): http://www. biotaneotropica.org.br/v10n4/en/abstract?inventory+bn03210042010. Abstract: Given the absence of Lepidoptera inventories in the State of Acre and its scarcity in the Brazilian Amazon forest, this study aimed to list the species of Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea present in the Parque Estadual do Chandless and surroundings. The access to the region is complicated and it has no infrastructure for scientific research. During 14 days, the butterflies were collected with entomological nets, traps and Ahrenholz’s technique in different environments in the park and its surroundings. A total of 482 species were identified, none of them present in red lists of endangered species. It is expected a significantly greater number of species after the addition of new collections in other seasons, as the Jacknife 1 estimate does not reach its asymptote, or as compared to inventories in nearby areas that list nearly 1700 species after a greater sampling effort. Keywords: amazonian forest, butterflies, inventory, protected area. MIELKE, O.H.H., CARNEIRO, E. & CASAGRANDE, M.M. Lepidopterofauna (Papilionoidea e Hesperioidea) do Parque Estadual do Chandless e arredores, Acre, Brasil.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Checklist of the Butterflies of Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State
    AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA: RHOPALOCERA) OF BENTSEN-RIO GRANDE STATE VALLEY PARK AND VICINITY JUNE, 1974 Published by TEXAS PARKS & WILDLIFE DEPARTMENT BENTSEN-RIO GRANDE VALLEY STATE PARK P.O. 30X 988; MISSION, TEXAS 78572 INTRODUCTION The species listed here in are primarily a result of the collecting by the authors during the period 1972-1973. Certain important records of the previous several years are also included. Additionally, the checklist incorporates records of a number of other lepidopterists. The primary focus of the checklist, then, is upon recent collecting, rather than being an attempt to list all known records from the Mid-Valley area. All lepidopterists collecting in the park and vicinity are urged to send copies of their records to the authors and/or the park authorities. A number of species on the list have been taken in Hidalgo Co. but not yet within the actual confines of the park; the annotations will indicate which species these are. Some of these have been taken at Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, approximately thirty miles down river, in habitats similar to those within the park. Others have been taken within several miles of the park, in nearby towns and along roadsides. These species can be reasonably expected to occur in the park, and their inclusion upon this list should alert the collector to their possible presence. The annotations have been kept necessarily brief. They are intended to aid the visiting lepidopterist in evaluating the significance of his catches. Local larval food plants are given where known. Much, however, is still to be learned regarding the life histories of even some of the commoner species.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) and Patterns of Morphological Similarity Among Species from Eight Tribes of Nymphalidae
    Revista Brasileira de Entomologia http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262013005000006 External morphology of the adult of Dynamine postverta (Cramer) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) and patterns of morphological similarity among species from eight tribes of Nymphalidae Luis Anderson Ribeiro Leite1,2, Mirna Martins Casagrande1,3 & Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke1,4 1Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, 81531–980 Curitiba-PR, Brasil. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT. External morphology of the adult of Dynamine postverta (Cramer) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) and patterns of morphological similarity among species from eight tribes of Nymphalidae. The external structure of the integument of Dynamine postverta postverta (Cramer, 1779) is based on detailed morphological drawings and scanning electron microscopy. The data are compared with other species belonging to eight tribes of Nymphalidae, to assist future studies on the taxonomy and systematics of Neotropical Biblidinae. KEYWORDS. Abdomen; head; Insecta; morphology; Papilionoidea; thorax. Nymphalidae is a large cosmopolitan family of butter- served in dorsal view (Figs. 1–4). Two subspecies are recog- flies, with about 7,200 described species (Freitas & Brown nized according to Lamas (2004), Dynamine postverta Jr. 2004) and is perhaps the most well documented biologi- postverta (Cramer, 1779) distributed in South America and cally (Harvey 1991; Freitas & Brown Jr. 2004; Wahlberg et Dynamine postverta mexicana d’Almeida, 1952 with a dis- al. 2005). The systematic relationships are still somewhat tribution restricted to Central America. Several species sur- unclear with respect to its subfamilies, tribes and genera, and veys and other studies cite this species as Dynamine mylitta even after more than a century of studies on these groups, (DeVries 1987; Mielke 1994; Miller et al.1999; Freitas & these relationships still seem to confuse many who set out to Brown, Jr.
    [Show full text]
  • INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) DE GUATEMALA CON UNA RESEÑA HISTÓRICA Towards a Synthesis of the Papilionoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Guatemala with a Historical Sketch
    ZOOLOGÍA-TAXONOMÍA www.unal.edu.co/icn/publicaciones/caldasia.htm Caldasia 31(2):407-440. 2009 HACIA UNA SÍNTESIS DE LOS PAPILIONOIDEA (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) DE GUATEMALA CON UNA RESEÑA HISTÓRICA Towards a synthesis of the Papilionoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Guatemala with a historical sketch JOSÉ LUIS SALINAS-GUTIÉRREZ El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR). Unidad Chetumal. Av. Centenario km. 5.5, A. P. 424, C. P. 77900. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México, México. [email protected] CLAUDIO MÉNDEZ Escuela de Biología, Universidad de San Carlos, Ciudad Universitaria, Campus Central USAC, Zona 12. Guatemala, Guatemala. [email protected] MERCEDES BARRIOS Centro de Estudios Conservacionistas (CECON), Universidad de San Carlos, Avenida La Reforma 0-53, Zona 10, Guatemala, Guatemala. [email protected] CARMEN POZO El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR). Unidad Chetumal. Av. Centenario km. 5.5, A. P. 424, C. P. 77900. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México, México. [email protected] JORGE LLORENTE-BOUSQUETS Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM. Apartado Postal 70-399, México D.F. 04510; México. [email protected]. Autor responsable. RESUMEN La riqueza biológica de Mesoamérica es enorme. Dentro de esta gran área geográfi ca se encuentran algunos de los ecosistemas más diversos del planeta (selvas tropicales), así como varios de los principales centros de endemismo en el mundo (bosques nublados). Países como Guatemala, en esta gran área biogeográfi ca, tiene grandes zonas de bosque húmedo tropical y bosque mesófi lo, por esta razón es muy importante para analizar la diversidad en la región. Lamentablemente, la fauna de mariposas de Guatemala es poco conocida y por lo tanto, es necesario llevar a cabo un estudio y análisis de la composición y la diversidad de las mariposas (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) en Guatemala.
    [Show full text]
  • Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in a Coastal Plain Area in the State of Paraná, Brazil
    62 TROP. LEPID. RES., 26(2): 62-67, 2016 LEVISKI ET AL.: Butterflies in Paraná Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in a coastal plain area in the state of Paraná, Brazil Gabriela Lourenço Leviski¹*, Luziany Queiroz-Santos¹, Ricardo Russo Siewert¹, Lucy Mila Garcia Salik¹, Mirna Martins Casagrande¹ and Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke¹ ¹ Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19.020, 81.531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]٭ Abstract: The coastal plain environments of southern Brazil are neglected and poorly represented in Conservation Units. In view of the importance of sampling these areas, the present study conducted the first butterfly inventory of a coastal area in the state of Paraná. Samples were taken in the Floresta Estadual do Palmito, from February 2014 through January 2015, using insect nets and traps for fruit-feeding butterfly species. A total of 200 species were recorded, in the families Hesperiidae (77), Nymphalidae (73), Riodinidae (20), Lycaenidae (19), Pieridae (7) and Papilionidae (4). Particularly notable records included the rare and vulnerable Pseudotinea hemis (Schaus, 1927), representing the lowest elevation record for this species, and Temenis huebneri korallion Fruhstorfer, 1912, a new record for Paraná. These results reinforce the need to direct sampling efforts to poorly inventoried areas, to increase knowledge of the distribution and occurrence patterns of butterflies in Brazil. Key words: Atlantic Forest, Biodiversity, conservation, inventory, species richness. INTRODUCTION the importance of inventories to knowledge of the fauna and its conservation, the present study inventoried the species of Faunal inventories are important for providing knowledge butterflies of the Floresta Estadual do Palmito.
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated Checklist of Ecuadorian Pieridae (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) 545-580 ©Ges
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Atalanta Jahr/Year: 1996 Band/Volume: 27 Autor(en)/Author(s): Racheli Tommaso Artikel/Article: An annotated checklist of Ecuadorian Pieridae (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) 545-580 ©Ges. zur Förderung d. Erforschung von Insektenwanderungen e.V. München, download unter www.zobodat.at Atalanta (December 1996) 27(3/4): 545-580, Wurzburg, ISSN 0171-0079 An annotated checklist of Ecuadorian Pieridae (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) by To m m a s o R a c h e li received 21.111.1996 Abstract: An account of 134 Pierid taxa occurring in Ecuador is presented. Data are from 12 years field experience in the country and from Museums specimens. Some new species records are added to Ecuadorian fauna and it is presumed that at least a 10% more of new records will be obtained in the near future. Ecuadorian Pieridae, although in the past many taxa were described from this country, are far from being thoroughly known. One of the most prolific author was Hewitson (1852-1877; 1869-1870; 1870; 1877) who described many species from the collections made by Buckley and Simons . Some of the "Ecuador” citations by Hewitson are pointed out more precisely by the same author (Hewit ­ son , 1870) in his index to the list of species collected by Buckley in remote areas uneasily reached even to-day (V ane -Wright, 1991). An important contribution on Lepidoptera of Ecuador is given by Dognin (1887-1896) who described and listed many new species collected by Gaujon in the Loja area, where typical amazonian and páramo species are included.
    [Show full text]
  • A Time-Calibrated Phylogeny of the Butterfly Tribe Melitaeini
    UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title A time-calibrated phylogeny of the butterfly tribe Melitaeini. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1h20r22z Journal Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 79(1) ISSN 1055-7903 Authors Long, Elizabeth C Thomson, Robert C Shapiro, Arthur M Publication Date 2014-10-01 DOI 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.010 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 79 (2014) 69–81 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A time-calibrated phylogeny of the butterfly tribe Melitaeini ⇑ Elizabeth C. Long a, , Robert C. Thomson b, Arthur M. Shapiro a a Center for Population Biology and Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA b Department of Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA article info abstract Article history: The butterfly tribe Melitaeini [Nymphalidae] contains numerous species that have been the subjects of a Received 10 March 2014 wide range of biological studies. Despite numerous taxonomic revisions, many of the evolutionary Revised 22 May 2014 relationships within the tribe remain unresolved. Utilizing mitochondrial and nuclear gene regions, we Accepted 11 June 2014 produced a time-calibrated phylogenetic hypothesis for 222 exemplars comprising at least 178 different Available online 18 June 2014 species and 21 of the 22 described genera, making this the most complete phylogeny of the tribe to date. Our results suggest that four well-supported clades corresponding to the subtribes Euphydryina, Keywords: Chlosynina, Melitaeina, and Phyciodina exist within the tribe.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Lower Rio Grande Valley and Santa Ana National Wildlife
    Final Lower Rio Grande Valley and Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuges Comprehensive Conservation Plan September 1997 (Reprint March 1999) U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of the Interior Cover Artwork by Brian Cobble Table of Contents VISION........................................................................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary................................................................................................................... 6 1.0 Introduction and Regional Setting................................................................................. 8 1.1 LRGV Challenges............................................................................................... 8 2.0 Planning Perspectives and Considerations................................................................ 9 2.1 National Wildlife Refuge System ................................................................... 9 2.2 The Service & Ecosystem Management ...................................................... 9 2.3 Refuge Complex and Management Districts........................................... 10 2.4 Laguna Atascosa NWR -- A Partner with LRGV NWR............................ 10 2.5 Planning Perspectives.................................................................................... 10 2.6 The Issues.......................................................................................................... 11 2.7 The Need for Action........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Tympanal Ears in Nymphalidae Butterflies: Morphological Diversity and Tests on the Function of Hearing
    Tympanal Ears in Nymphalidae Butterflies: Morphological Diversity and Tests on the Function of Hearing by Laura E. Hall A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biology Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario, Canada © 2014 Laura E. Hall i Abstract Several Nymphalidae butterflies possess a sensory structure called the Vogel’s organ (VO) that is proposed to function in hearing. However, little is known about the VO’s structure, taxonomic distribution or function. My first research objective was to examine VO morphology and its accessory structures across taxa. Criteria were established to categorize development levels of butterfly VOs and tholi. I observed that enlarged forewing veins are associated with the VOs of several species within two subfamilies of Nymphalidae. Further, I discovered a putative light/temperature-sensitive organ associated with the VOs of several Biblidinae species. The second objective was to test the hypothesis that insect ears function to detect bird flight sounds for predator avoidance. Neurophysiological recordings collected from moth ears show a clear response to flight sounds and chirps from a live bird in the laboratory. Finally, a portable electrophysiology rig was developed to further test this hypothesis in future field studies. ii Acknowledgements First and foremost I would like to thank David Hall who spent endless hours listening to my musings and ramblings regarding butterfly ears, sharing in the joy of my discoveries, and comforting me in times of frustration. Without him, this thesis would not have been possible. I thank Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Crossref Molecular systematics of the subfamily Limenitidinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Bidur Dhungel1 and Niklas Wahlberg2 1 Southwestern Centre for Research and PhD Studies, Kathmandu, Nepal 2 Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden ABSTRACT We studied the systematics of the subfamily Limenitidinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphal- idae) using molecular methods to reconstruct a robust phylogenetic hypothesis. The molecular data matrix comprised 205 Limenitidinae species, four outgroups, and 11,327 aligned nucleotide sites using up to 18 genes per species of which seven genes (CycY, Exp1, Nex9, PolII, ProSup, PSb and UDPG6DH) have not previously been used in phylogenetic studies. We recovered the monophyly of the subfamily Limenitidinae and seven higher clades corresponding to four traditional tribes Parthenini, Adoliadini, Neptini, Limenitidini as well as three additional independent lineages. One contains the genera Harma C Cymothoe and likely a third, Bhagadatta, and the other two indepen- dent lineages lead to Pseudoneptis and to Pseudacraea. These independent lineages are circumscribed as new tribes. Parthenini was recovered as sister to rest of Limenitidinae, but the relationships of the remaining six lineages were ambiguous. A number of genera were found to be non-monophyletic, with Pantoporia, Euthalia, Athyma, and Parasarpa being polyphyletic, whereas Limenitis, Neptis, Bebearia, Euryphura, and Adelpha were paraphyletic. Subjects Biodiversity, Entomology, Taxonomy Keywords Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Systematics, New tribe, Classification, Limenitidinae Submitted 22 November 2017 Accepted 11 January 2018 Published 2 February 2018 INTRODUCTION Corresponding author Niklas Wahlberg, The butterfly family Nymphalidae has been the subject of intensive research in many fields [email protected] of biology over the decades.
    [Show full text]
  • Frugivorous Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) As a Habitat Quality Indicator in Cerrado Urban Fragment Ieza Aparecida Teles Porath & Rodrigo Aranda
    doi:10.12741/ebrasilis.v13.e904 e-ISSN 1983-0572 Publication of the project Entomologistas do Brasil www.ebras.bio.br Creative Commons Licence v4.0 (BY-NC-SA) Copyright © EntomoBrasilis Copyright © Author(s) Ecology Frugivorous butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) as a habitat quality indicator in Cerrado urban fragment Ieza Aparecida Teles Porath & Rodrigo Aranda Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, MT, Brazil. EntomoBrasilis 13: e904 (2020) Edited by: Abstract: Environmental monitoring programs use recurrently insects to assess the quality of William Costa Rodrigues habitats, mainly frugivorous butterflies. These have ample availability of information, easy and low- cost method, in addition to responding easily to environmental changes, making an efficient tool Article History: in environmental diagnosis. The objective of this work was inventory the frugivorous butterflies in Received: 10.iv.2020 an urban Cerrado fragment belonging to the Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, state of Mato Accepted: 20.v.2020 Grosso, and verify the efficient as biological indicator of environmental quality. We hypothesize Published: 01.vii.2020 differences in species richness, abundance and composition between edge and center of fragment. Corresponding author: The sampling was carried out between February and May 2019, using 10 Van Someren-Rydon traps, with six has distributed at the edges and four in the center of the fragment. The collections have Rodrigo Aranda taken once a week lasting three days at each event. A total of 105 individuals belonging to nine [email protected] species of Nymphalidae were captured, respectively, as subfamilies: Biblidinae (71), Satyrinae (31) Funding agencies: and Charaxinae (03). There was no significant difference between species richness, abundance and composition in the edge area and in the center.
    [Show full text]