PRNDP Annexure THIRD EDITION July 2012 Province of Agusan del Sur Provincial Road Network Development Plan, 3rd Edition July, 2012 Table of Contents Annexure 1 Brief Provincial Profile 1-7 Historical Background - 1 Ethnic Origin of the People - 2 Language and Dialects - 2 Location, Land Area, Climate & Poltical Subdivisions - 3-6 Population Size, Density and Growth Rate (2010) - 6-7 Annexure 2 Tables and Maps 8-23 Figure 1. Transport Services Network and Traffic - 8 Count (Core Roads) Figure 2. Transport Services Network and Traffic - 9 Count (Non-Core Roads) Table 1. Volume Capacity of Provincial Roads - 10-13 Table 2. Axle Load and Origin-Destination Survey - 13 Table 3. Provincial Road Exposed to Flood - 14-16 Table 4. Construction Cost by Kilometer - 17 Table 5. Provincial Road Exposed to Rain-Induced Landslide - 17-19 Table 6. Bridges along the Provincial Road - 20-22 Table 7. Communication PPAs - 23 Annexure 3 Information and Communication Technology 24-25 Utilisation of Information Technology - 24 Information and Technology - 25 PRNDP Annexes Province of Agusan del Sur Provincial Road Network Development Plan, 3rd Edition July, 2012 ANNEXURE 1: Brief Profile of Agusan del Sur Historical Background The province of Agusan del Sur was born on June 17, 1967 under Republic Act No. 4979 providing for the division of the province of Agusan into Agusan Del Norte and Agusan Del Sur. In January 1970 the first set of provincial officials assumed office after the provincial election of November, 1969. The same law provided that the capital of Agusan Del Sur shall be the municipality of Prosperidad and the Government Center has been set up in Barangay Patin-ay. Hon. Rufino C. Otero was elected as the first Provincial Governor and Hon. Democrito O. Plaza the first Congressman in the election of November, 1969. The term of office of Congressman Democrito Plaza would have continued until December 1973 had it not for the proclamation of Martial Law on September 21, 1972, which in effect abolished the Congress. When Interim Batasang Pambansa was convened in1978 after almost a decade of absence under Martial Law, Hon. Edilmiro Amante represented the province in the Interim National Assembly. Agusan literally means “where the water flows”, after that great river that split the land from south to north in a 250 km rush to the Butuan Sea. Agusan’s pre-Hispanic cultural history is traced back to the great influence of the Majapahit Empire through the discovery of an eight - inch tall image of a woman in pure gold at Maasam, Esperanza in the early 1920’s and molten jars unearthed at Bahbah, Prosperidad in the early 1960’s. The aborigines of Agusan were the ancestors of the present - day Mamanwas who were driven to the hinterlands by the waves of Malay immigrants from the nearby Borneo, Celebes and Malaysia. These people, in turn, sought the protection of the interior jungles because of the forays and the constant raids of “Moro” pirates. The “Moros” being a sea-faring people, confined themselves to the coastal areas where they started settlements, leaving the forested areas to other native tribes. The coming of Spaniards was in time the visit of Rajah Siagu, the ruler of Agusan, to his friend Rajah Humabon of Bohol. Together, they visited the ruling rajah of an island called Limasawa where a fleet of Spanish galleons commanded by a Portuguese navigator named “Feranao Magalhao” (Fernando Magallanes in Spanish) has just dropped anchor. Expressing fervent hospitality which has been characterized of the Filipino natives, Rajah Siagu invited “Magalhao” to visit his place and on the occasion of Easter Sunday, April 8, 1521, the first mass in Agusan, and for that matter in the Philippines was celebrated in what is now called Magallanes (formerly Masao). PRNDP Annexes Page 1 Province of Agusan del Sur Provincial Road Network Development Plan, 3rd Edition July, 2012 Agusan took up arms against Spain during the revolution of 1898. After the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898, the Americans took over the civil government. Under the Americans, the dream of independence and self-government continued to haunt the Filipinos, and Agusan was again active in a campaign to drive away the conquerors, this time against Americans. But bolos and spears were no match to powerful guns of the Americans and in January 1900, Agusan yielded. The peaceful road toward self- government followed, cut short by the Japanese occupation in December 1941. Liberation came 1946. Ethnic Origin of the People Records of the Commission of National Integration show that five native tribes were found in the province, namely: Manobo, Higaonon, Banwaon, Mamanwas and Talaandig. Three of these tribes can be distinctly located: the Manobos living along the national highways and river towns towards the boundary of Agusan Del Sur and Davao del Norte and Banwaons and Higaonons living in the western side of the Agusan River, in the municipality of Esperanza towards the boundary of Bukidnon. The original inhabitants of Agusan del Sur were the Negritoes and Mamanwas who were in the very early years driven into the interior by migrating tribes from nearby Borneo, Celebes and Malaysia, and also by Manobos or Bagobos by neighboring Davao Region. Mamanwas descendants still inhabit the innermost recesses of Agusan del Sur’s forested areas. They comprise the great bulk of the cultural community of the province. Agusan Del Sur is now inhabited by people coming from different ethnic groups. The lure of the “land of Promise” has brought into the province settlers from different regions mostly coming from the Visayas, with Cebuano being spoken more than other dialect. There are thirteen municipalities and one city in the province with a total population of 656,418 (2010 Census). Language and Dialects Cebuano is dominantly spoken followed by Boholano and Ilongo. Of the native tongue, Manobo dialect is the most popular. Other popular dialects are the Hiligaynon, Butuanon, Surigaonon and Kamayo. Most, however, can understand and talk in Filipino, the national language. English is usually used in conversations and in the government transactions. It is also used as the medium of instruction in schools. PRNDP Annexes Page 2 Province of Agusan del Sur Provincial Road Network Development Plan, 3rd Edition July, 2012 Location, Land Area, Climate, and Political Subdivisions Location Agusan Del Sur is located in the Northeastern Mindanao, bounded on the North by Agusan Del Norte, on the south by Compostela Valley, on the west by Misamis Oriental and Bukidnon, and on the East by Surigao Del Sur. The province is landlocked and can be reached only by land transportation through the Davao - Butuan National Highway. Three minor roads also provide access for travelers coming from Tandag, Lianga, Barobo, and Bislig City in Surigao Del Sur and one road connect the southwestern part of the province with Asuncion, Compostela Valley province. All four roads however intersect the National Highway at different points. Although Agusan River is a potential route towards the province, no existing ferry facilities regularly ply from Butuan City or Compostela Valley Province. Land Area The province’s approximate area is Total Land Area by Municipality 896,550 hectares or 8,965.50 sq. kms. Land Area (in Percent ranking as the fourth largest in the country. Municipality hectares) Share (%) The three largest provinces are: first Palawan with an area of 14,896.3 sq. km., Sibagat 50,136 5.59 Bayugan 53,939 6.02 second, Isabela with an area of 10,664.5 sq. Prosperidad 56,133 6.26 Km., third, Cagayan Valley with an area of San Francisco 35,591 3.97 9,002.7 sq. km. Rosario 29,601 3.30 Bunawan 43,309 4.83 The municipalities of Loreto, La Paz, Trento 75,070 8.37 Esperanza, and San Luis are the four largest Sta. Josefa 18,801 2.10 municipalities in land area comprising Veruela 33,208 3.70 Loreto 138,940 15.50 almost sixty percent of the province’s total La Paz 109,978 12.27 land area. On the other hand, Sta. Josefa Talacogon 33,084 3.69 and Talacogon, also river towns, have the San Luis 118,642 13.23 smallest land area. Esperanza 100,118 11.17 TOTAL 896,550 100.00 Source: PPDO PRNDP Annexes Page 3 Province of Agusan del Sur Provincial Road Network Development Plan, 3rd Edition July, 2012 Climate The province is geographically situated below the typhoon belt but it is usually affected by depressions forming in the typhoon regions of Visayas and Surigao del Norte. The climate map of the Philippines based on modified coronas classification shows that portion of the province falls under type II, and type IV. 125°15' 125°30' 125°45' 126°00' 126°15' 9 ' ° 5 1 1 5 ° ' 9 N 10 5 0 10 LEGEND: Kilom eters 9 ' ° 0 Municipal Boundary 0 0 0 ° ' 9 Sibagat Type II (No dry season with pronounced maximum rain period) Type !V (Rainfull is more or less evenly distributed hroughout the year) e rt o N l de 8 ' n a ° 5 s 4 4 u 5 ° g A ' 8 f e o Bay uga n Provinc Prosperidad P r o v i Espera nza n c e o f S u r 8 ' i g ° 0 3 3 a 0 ° o ' 8 d e l San Luis San Francis co S u Type II r Ta lacogon Rosa rio P r o v 8 ' i Type IV ° 5 n 1 1 c 5 ° e ' 8 La Paz o f B u k i Bunawa n d n o n Tre nto Loreto 8 ' Veruela ° 0 0 0 Sta .