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WOLFGANG SPEIDEL & WOLFRAM MEY Museum für Naturkunde, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin CATALOGUE OF THE ORIENTAL ACENTROPINAE (LEPIDOPTERA, CRAMBIDAE) Speidel, W. & W. Mey, 1999. Catalogue of the Oriental Acentropinae (Lepidoptera, Cram- bidae). – Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 142: 125-142, figs.1-3. [ISSN 0040-7496]. Published 22 September 1999. The catalogue contains all taxa of Acentropinae (= Nymphulinae) described from the Oriental Region with the references for every taxon. There are many new generic combinations for which the catalogue should be consulted. New synonyms: Neoschoenobia decoloralis Hampson, 1919 is a new junior synonym of Neoschoenobia testacealis Hampson, 1900; Cataclysta dohrni Hering, 1903 and Ephormotris oc- topis Meyrick, 1933 are new junior synonyms of Ephormotris dilucidalis Guérin-Méneville, [1832] 1829-1858 (Botys) comb. n. Oligostigma tripunctalis Snellen, 1876 is a junior primary homonym of Oligostigma tripunctalis Walker, [1866] 1865. This and the replacement name Aulacodes klimai Bryk, 1937 are new junior synonyms of Eoophyla parapomasalis Hampson, 1897 (Aulacodes) comb. n.; Oligostigma auropunctalis var. javanica Strand, 1914 is a new junior synonym of Eoophyla excisalis Snellen, 1901 (Oligostigma) comb. n.; Oligostigma hapilistale Strand, 1919 is a new junior synonym of Strepsinoma croesusalis Walker, 1859 (Cataclysta); Stenicula Snellen, 1901 and Micromania Swinhoe, 1894 (junior homonym of Micromania Christoph, 1893) are provisionally treated as new junior synonyms of Paracymoriza Warren, 1890; Paraponyx [sic] rugosalis Möschler, 1890 is a new junior synonym of Parapoynx fluctuos- alis Zeller, 1852 (Nymphula). Corespondence: W. Speidel, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Museum für Naturkunde, In- validenstr. 43, D-10115 Berlin. Germany. E-mail: [email protected] Key-words. – Pyraloidea; Crambidae; Acetropinae; Nymphulinae; catalogue; Oriental region The Acentropinae belong to the pyraloid family or catalogues. Checklists provide a synopsis of the Crambidae. This is a large family with numerous species occurring in a certain region and give the cur- species. Several monophyletic groups have been estab- rent state of knowledge including the results of mod- lished within the Crambidae (Minet 1981) which are ern taxonomic work. Secondly, a checklist is a neces- traditionally treated as subfamilies. The Acentropinae sary step in consolidating previous knowledge in seem to be most closely related to the Schoenobiinae order to allow research on the taxonomic group in (Yoshiyasu 1985, Passoa 1988). So far 183 described question. It is a prerequisite to all future revisions. species of Acentropinae are known from the Oriental Lists of Lepidoptera including the Acentropinae have Region. More species are recorded from the Neotrop- been available only for more limited geographical ar- ical Region which is apparently the richest biogeo- eas of the Oriental Region, e.g. Taiwan (Heppner & graphical region with 247 named species (Munroe in Inoue 1992), Thailand (Yoshiyasu 1987) and Nepal Heppner 1995). Most species of Acentropinae have (Robinson et al. 1995). aquatic larvae. Only a very few species are known to This is the first modern checklist of all Acentropi- have terrestrial larval instars (e.g. Nymphicula). The nae known to occur in the Oriental Biogeographical monophyly of the subfamily has been established by Region as a whole. larval and pupal characters: The setae S1 to S3 of the The geographical range adopted for the Oriental larval head are in a line (Passoa 1988) and the stigma- Region is shown in the map (fig. 1). In the Southeast, ta of abdominal segments 2 to 4 of the pupa are raised the boundaries are between Sulawesi and the Moluc- and chimney-like (Speidel 1981, Passoa 1988). cas, and between Sumbawa and Flores. In the West, The high biodiversity, especially in the tropics, the region extends along the southern slopes of the consequently necessitates the production of checklists Himalayas and Karakorum as far as Nuristan in Af- 125 Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 12:14:41PM via free access T E, 142, 1999 Fig. 1. Range of the Orien- tal biogeographical region as adopted in the present catalogue. ghanistan. China is almost completely included, ex- priority of Acentropinae was stated (Speidel 1981). cept for the northernmost provinces from Xinjiang to Several authors do not accept the name Acentropinae, Heilongjiang. The inclusion of the major part of Chi- because Nymphulinae has been in general use for the na means that some palearctic species are listed here. aquatic moths. However, we cannot suppress the se- However, the distribution of all acentropine species nior name Acentropinae, as the synonymy is a subjec- in China is very poorly known. It is quite possible tive one based on a phylogenetic hypothesis. The that these palearctic species will turn out to be widely revalidation of Nymphulinae would be possible, if distributed in adjacent parts of the Oriental Region. new evidence is forwarded to show that Acentria rep- resents the most basal clade within the subfamily as currently defined. However, Acentria seems to be a N A highly specialized offshoot of younger clades of the In the past, the subfamily was generally known as subfamily (Speidel 1998). In our opinion, the present Nymphulinae or Hydrocampinae and the Acentro- state of knowledge does not justify a change in the pinae were treated as a separate subfamily with only priority of these family group names which were both one species, Acentria ephemerella [Denis & Schif- in use before their synonymisation. In an application fermüller], 1775. Recently, the subfamilies Acentro- to the ICZN, published while the present paper was in pinae and Nymphulinae were synonymised and the press, the commission was asked to give precedence to 126 Downloaded from Brill.com10/02/2021 12:14:41PM via free access S M: Oriental Acentropinae the family-group name Nymphulinae in the case that C Nymphulinae and Acentropinae are regarded as syn- onyms (Solis 1999). We do not agree with this pro- Acentropinae Stephens, [1836] 1835 posal and regard the application as unnecessary. A Aquaticae Hübner, 1796, Samml. europ. Schmett., Pyr.: 18 more detailed comment to this case is in preparation. Note: This name is not based on an existing genus-group- name Acentropidae Stephens, [1836] 1835, Illustr. Br. Ent. M (Mandibulata) 6: 148 Nymphulites Duponchel, [1845] 1844, Cat. méth. Lépid. All acentropine taxa of the species-group are listed Eur.: 201 in the present catalogue. The abbreviations for the Hydrocampidae Guenée, 1854, Hist. nat. Insectes (Spec. references are those used in the ‘World List of Scien- gén. Lépid.) 8: 254 Acentridae Speyer, 1869, Stettin. ent. Ztg 30: 406 tific Periodicals (Edn 4)’ and in ‘The Generic Names *Acentropodidae Dunning, 1872, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. of Moths of the World’ (e. g. Fletcher & Nye 1984). 1872: 152 [invalid emendation] In addition, the full title of every quotation can be ? Lathrotelidae Clarke, 1971, Smithson. Contr. Zool. 56: 58 found in our references. The type species is cited for all taxa of the genus-group. The original combination Neoschoenobia Hampson, 1900 and type locality is provided for every taxon of the Neoschoenobia Hampson, 1900, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. species-group. It is always indicated when the type lo- 1900: 374. Type species: Neoschoenobia testacealis Hamp- cality has been restricted by the selection of a lecto- son, 1900 by monotypy Note: The Australian genus Eranistis Meyrick, 1910 type. The citation of the localities of the paralectotypes seems to be close. may be regarded as redundant. The type localities are cited in the spelling given in the original description. Neoschoenobia testacealis Hampson, 1900 (Neoschoenobia) This catalogue is predominantly a compilation from Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1900: 374 published data in the literature which has been stud- Type locality: [RUSSIA] Amurland, Radeffka ied in detail. In addition, important new information decoloralis Hampson, 1919 (Neoschoenobia ) syn. n. Type locality: [CHINA] Pekin, Western Hills has been gathered by the study of type specimens dur- ing visits to different European museums or by loan of material (The Natural History Museum, London, Nymphicula Snellen, [1880] U. K., Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum Natu- Nymphicula Snellen, [1880] [in Veth, 1880-1892], Mid- ralis (formerly Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Histo- den-Sumatra 4 (8): 78. Type species: Nymphicula stipalis rie), Leiden, Netherlands, Muzeul de Istorie Naturala Snellen, [1880] 1892 by monotypy ‘Grigore Antipa’, Bukarest, Romania, Laboratory of Nymphicula patnalis (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874) (Cata- Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto Prefec- clysta) tural University, Japan). The catalogue is also based Reise öst. Fregatte Novara (Zool.) 2 (Abt. 2): pl. 136, fig. 7 on the identified material of several expeditions, espe- Type locality: [INDIA] Calcutta [lectotype]; [INDONESIA] cially on the material in the Museum für Naturkunde Amboina Note: The specimen figured in the original description in Berlin, Germany (including many types). The was treated as the ‘holotype’ by Speidel, 1984, Neue ent. nomenclature used in the present catalogue follows Nachr. 12: 30. This is here accepted as a lectotype-selection. the rules of the International Code of Zoological Nymphicula bombayensis (Swinhoe & Cotes, 1889) [in Nomenclature in the third edition (February 1985). Cotes & Swinhoe, 1889] (Cataclysta) The original genus is always given and the authors Cat.
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  • RECORDS of the HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY for 1994 Part 2: Notes1

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    1 RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1994 Part 2: Notes1 This is the second of two parts to the Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1994 and contains the notes on Hawaiian species of plants and animals including new state and island records, range extensions, and other information. Larger, more comprehensive treatments and papers describing new taxa are treated in the first part of this volume [Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 41]. New Hawaiian Plant Records. I BARBARA M. HAWLEY & B. LEILANI PYLE (Herbarium Pacificum, Department of Natural Sciences, Bishop Museum, P.O. Box 19000A, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817, USA) Amaranthaceae Achyranthes mutica A. Gray Significance. Considered extinct and previously known from only 2 collections: sup- posedly from Hawaii Island 1779, D. Nelson s.n.; and from Kauai between 1851 and 1855, J. Remy 208 (Wagner et al., 1990, Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai‘i, p. 181). Material examined. HAWAII: South Kohala, Keawewai Gulch, 975 m, gulch with pasture and relict Koaie, 10 Nov 1991, T.K. Pratt s.n.; W of Kilohana fork, 1000 m, on sides of dry gulch ca. 20 plants seen above and below falls, 350 °N aspect, 16 Dec 1992, K.R. Wood & S. Perlman 2177 (BISH). Caryophyllaceae Silene lanceolata A. Gray Significance. New island record for Oahu. Distribution in Wagner et al. (1990: 523, loc. cit.) limited to Kauai, Molokai, Hawaii, and Lanai. Several plants were later noted by Steve Perlman and Ken Wood from Makua, Oahu in 1993. Material examined. OAHU: Waianae Range, Ohikilolo Ridge at ca. 700 m elevation, off ridge crest, growing on a vertical rock face, facing northward and generally shaded most of the day but in an open, exposed face, only 1 plant noted, 25 Sep 1992, J.
  • Download This Article in PDF Format

    Download This Article in PDF Format

    Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst. 2018, 419, 42 Knowledge & © K. Pabis, Published by EDP Sciences 2018 Management of Aquatic https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2018030 Ecosystems www.kmae-journal.org Journal fully supported by Onema REVIEW PAPER What is a moth doing under water? Ecology of aquatic and semi-aquatic Lepidoptera Krzysztof Pabis* Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland Abstract – This paper reviews the current knowledge on the ecology of aquatic and semi-aquatic moths, and discusses possible pre-adaptations of the moths to the aquatic environment. It also highlights major gaps in our understanding of this group of aquatic insects. Aquatic and semi-aquatic moths represent only a tiny fraction of the total lepidopteran diversity. Only about 0.5% of 165,000 known lepidopterans are aquatic; mostly in the preimaginal stages. Truly aquatic species can be found only among the Crambidae, Cosmopterigidae and Erebidae, while semi-aquatic forms associated with amphibious or marsh plants are known in thirteen other families. These lepidopterans have developed various strategies and adaptations that have allowed them to stay under water or in close proximity to water. Problems of respiratory adaptations, locomotor abilities, influence of predators and parasitoids, as well as feeding preferences are discussed. Nevertheless, the poor knowledge on their biology, life cycles, genomics and phylogenetic relationships preclude the generation of fully comprehensive evolutionary scenarios. Keywords: Lepidoptera / Acentropinae / caterpillars / freshwater / herbivory Résumé – Que fait une mite sous l'eau? Écologie des lépidoptères aquatiques et semi-aquatiques. Cet article passe en revue les connaissances actuelles sur l'écologie des mites aquatiques et semi-aquatiques, et discute des pré-adaptations possibles des mites au milieu aquatique.
  • Crambidae Biosecurity Occurrence Background Subfamilies Short Description Diagnosis

    Crambidae Biosecurity Occurrence Background Subfamilies Short Description Diagnosis

    Diaphania nitidalis Chilo infuscatellus Crambidae Webworms, Grass Moths, Shoot Borers Biosecurity BIOSECURITY ALERT This Family is of Biosecurity Concern Occurrence This family occurs in Australia. Background The Crambidae is a large, diverse and ubiquitous family of moths that currently comprises 11,500 species globally, with at least half that number again undescribed. The Crambidae and the Pyralidae constitute the superfamily Pyraloidea. Crambid larvae are concealed feeders with a great diversity in feeding habits, shelter building and hosts, such as: leaf rollers, shoot borers, grass borers, leaf webbers, moss feeders, root feeders that shelter in soil tunnels, and solely aquatic life habits. Many species are economically important pests in crops and stored food products. Subfamilies Until recently, the Crambidae was treated as a subfamily under the Pyralidae (snout moths or grass moths). Now they form the superfamily Pyraloidea with the Pyralidae. The Crambidae currently consists of the following 14 subfamilies: Acentropinae Crambinae Cybalomiinae Glaphyriinae Heliothelinae Lathrotelinae Linostinae Midilinae Musotiminae Odontiinae Pyraustinae Schoenobiinae Scopariinae Spilomelinae Short Description Crambid caterpillars are generally cylindrical, with a semiprognathous head and only primary setae (Fig 1). They are often plainly coloured (Fig. 16, Fig. 19), but can be patterned with longitudinal stripes and pinacula that may give them a spotted appearance (Fig. 10, Fig. 11, Fig. 14, Fig. 22). Prolegs may be reduced in borers (Fig. 16). More detailed descriptions are provided below. This factsheet presents, firstly, diagnostic features for the Pyraloidea (Pyralidae and Crambidae) and then the Crambidae. Information and diagnostic features are then provided for crambids listed as priority biosecurity threats for northern Australia.