Dealing with Pedestrian Activity on Cape Town's Freeways R300

Home , M5 (Cape Town), N1 (South Africa), N2 (South Africa), N7 (South Africa), R300 (South Africa)

Presentation Overview

Dealing with Pedestrian • Introduction • Cape Town Freeway Management System (CT FMS) Activity on Cape Town’s 1. Overview Freeways 2. Incident data collection - Results 3. Pedestrian activity study - Results 4. CCTV Footage usage ICTCT Workshop Alcohol and drugs • Way forward Effects on traffic safety, not least for pedestrians Stellenbosch, South Africa, on 4th, 5th April 2013 • Questions ???

Presented by Randall Cable Pr Eng SANRAL

Introduction Introduction

South Africa 2011 Pedestrians Pedestrians Drivers • (RTMC) 33% Drivers, 13 802 Fatalities 4678, 34% 4066,29% 30% – Drivers: 3 983 – Passengers: 5 205 Passengers, Passengers – 5023, 36% Pedestrians: 4 614 38%

SADC Region : +/- 63 000 Road Fatalities per year

Other 1% Drivers/Passeng ers Vehicles 45% Pedestrians 50%

Motor cyclists Cyclist 1% 3%

R300 Freeway Introduction Introduction Introduction 1. Overview of the CT FMS • Background to FMS • Historically Road Authorities focused only on infrastructure to meet growing traffic needs • Shift towards Network Management and Operations • Technology to Optimize use of the Network • Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) How can the CT FMS help to better • Freeway Management System (FMS) understand pedestrian accidents and activity on Cape Town’s freeways?

1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont

• First FMS deployed on 20 km section of Ben Schoemann Highway and launched by Minister of Transport in 2006 • Since then; – Expanded in Gauteng +/- 220 km – KZN +/- 100 km – Western Cape +/- 155 km

1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont

Extent of CT FMS? Cape Town FMS N7 N1 N1 N7

R300 R300

N2 N2 T2 Arterial T2 Arterial N2 N2

154 km 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont Full CCTV coverage

How does FMS works ? Real –time traffic data CCTV Surveillance

Information Information is processed Dissemination FMS Operations Centre Approx. 230 CCTV Cameras With Pan, Tilt and Zoom Functions

1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont

Benefits of FMS Data Benefits • Benchmarking and Improving on Incident Reduce length of Incident Timeline Management Systems – E.g. Accurate Measurement of Response Times for Emergency Vehicles Life Minimise Road – Accurate and comprehensive data collection – Video Archives useful Training Material, Death User Costs Debriefings

Accident Accident Emergency Arrive on Leave Traffic flow happens reported Services scene scene back to --- dispatched normal Traffic flow disrupted Incident Timeline

1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont 1. Overview of the CT FMS ..cont

• Operators 24/7 365 System Reliability – 80% of incidents detected by them first.

Incident Detection 2. CT FMS Incident data collection 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont Data: Accidents Total number of Incidents per Type May 2010 to February 2013

2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont

Addressing Hotspots: Detailed information Number of Accidents per Month May 2010 to February 2013 250

202 200 191 181 183 184 174173 171 172 161 164 155 149150 148 141 150 133 117122 122 120 110 111115 114 113 101 97 95 100 88 93 73 73 59 50 No. of accidents of No.

0 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Sep-10 Sep-11 Sep-12 Nov-10 Nov-11 Nov-12 Mar-11 Mar-12 May-10 May-11 May-12

2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont

Total Number of Accidents per Freeway Section Number of Accidents per day of week May 2010 to February 2013 May 2010 to February 2013

700

600 2000

1800 500

1600 400 1400

1200 300

1000 200 800

600 100 NO. OF NO. ACCIDENTS 400 0 200 NO. OF ACCIDENTS OF NO.

0 Friday Sunday Tuesday Monday Saturday N1 N2 N7 R 300 M5 T2 Thursday Wednesday 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont

Number of Accidents per day of week Pedestrian Accident Trend Data May 2010 to February 2013 Total number of pedestrian accidents = 197

14 13 400 12 12 350 12 10 10 10 10 300 10 8 8 250 8 7 7 7 7 200 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 150 4 4 3 3 3 100 2 No. of accidents of No. 2 1 1 1 1 50 0 0 0 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 NO. OF PEDESTRIAN ACCIDENTS PEDESTRIAN OF NO.

Hour of day Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Sep-10 Sep-11 Sep-12 Nov-10 Nov-11 Nov-12 Mar-11 Mar-12 May-10 May-11 May-12

2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont

Pedestrian Accident Trend Data Pedestrian Accident Trend Data Total number of pedestrian accidents = 197 Total number of pedestrian accidents = 197

14 25 12 20 10

8 15

6 10 4

2 5

0 NO. OF PEDESTRIANNO. ACCIDENTS 0 NO. OFNO. PEDESTRIAN ACCIDENTS Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 TIME OF DAY

2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont 2. CT FMS Incident data collection ..cont

Pedestrian Accident Trend Data Pedestrian Accident Data Total number of pedestrian accidents = 197 Need to better understand the pedestrian activity on the network

45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 NO. OF PEDESTRIAN OF NO. PEDESTRIAN ACCIENTS 5 0 N1 N2 T2 N7 R 300 FREEWAY SECTION 3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study 3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study

Crossing versus Walking Along freeways, for a 7 day survey

Along 16 700 45% Crossing 20 067 55%

3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study 3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study

210 350 # pedestrians walking along a freeway, 509 per day of week, per freeway, for a 7 day survey 200 100 3 500

3 000 50 2 500 Pickup / Drop 200 400 Off 400 2 000 Pickup / Drop N1 340 50 Off 1 500 R300 150 600 1 000 N7 450 300 N2 600 500 450 T2 2050 250 0 T2 Arterial Friday Saturday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Monday Sunday Number of pedestrians per day per pedestrians of Number # pedestrians walking along a 1993 freeway, per day of week, per freeway, 2300 for a 7 day survey 1800 1200

3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study 3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study

# pedestrians crossing a freeway per day of Proportion per freeway of pedestrians week, per freeway, for a 7 day survey crossing, for a 7 day survey

4 000 3 500 N1 N1 3 000 777, 4% R 300 2 258, 11% 2 006, 10% 2 500 N7 N2 2 000 1 500 N2 1 000 T2 T2 6 739, 34% 500 8 287, 41% 0 N7 Monday Friday Saturday Sunday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Number of pedestrians per day per pedestrians of Number

R300 3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study 3. CT FMS Pedestrian activity study

8000 150 • Summary Dunoon Shopping Mall 412 1131 Ability to understand the nature, location and extent of pedestrian activity can give guidance

100 to most appropriate engineering, enforcement and education interventions 24 145 150 60 200 508 300 500 T2 Arterial # pedestrians crossing a freeway, 582 per day of week, per freeway, for a 7 day 2880 survey 1198 400 1750

4. CCTV Surveillance and Footage Usage 4. CCTV Surveillance and Footage Usage

• Monitor Pedestrian Infrastructure • Road Safety Campaigns • Fencing • Pedestrian Bridge Surveillance • Planning Road Safety Law Enforcement/Education

R300 North, After Stellenbosch R300 SOUTH, Before Stellenbosch Arterial Arterial

4. CCTV Surveillance and Footage Usage 4. CCTV Surveillance and Footage Usage

• CCTV pedestrian accident footage can provide • Pedestrian crossings: Risk taking….continued valuable insight into factors that contribute to pedestrian accidents on freeways • Group Crossing Activity • Pedestrian crossing: Risk taking • Case Four • Def. Risk: “the appraised likelihood of a negative • outcome for behaviour" (Zuckerman, 1994) Case Five • Appraised likelihood • Case Six • Subjective • • Learned experiences Driver Behaviour ????? • Perceived skill / ability • Should we be teaching motorist how to • Knowledge of the environment behave when pedestrian are prominent • Attitude / mental state on freeways • Poor appraisal of likelihood = outcome is unknown • Case One: Experience – changing environment • slow down • Case Two: Less Experience – over estimation of • no lane changing skill / ability • Case Three: Limited knowledge, skill, experience Way Forward

• A CT FMS Steering Committee has been formed with representation from the three road authorities, traffic and emergency services. • This Steering Committee is task with identifying and addressing hazardous locations on the freeways. • The pedestrian accident and activity trend data is guiding engineering, enforcement and education interventions. • Further investigate research opportunities using CCTV footage to better under pedestrian risk taking.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR Questions ??? ATTENTION ! [email protected]