Annual Report of the U.S. Atlantic Salmon Assessment Committee
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ANNUAL REPORT OF THE U.S. ATLANTIC SALMON ASSESSMENT COMMITTEE REPORT NO. 31 - 2018 ACTIVITIES Portland, Maine March 4 – 8, 2019 PREPARED FOR U.S. SECTION TO NASCO Artwork Co Cite As: U. S. Atlantic Salmon Assessment Committee. 2019. Annual Report of the U.S. Atlantic Salmon Assessment Committee. Report Number 31 - 2018 activities. Portland, Maine 91 pp. url Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Description of Fisheries and By-catch in USA Waters ................................................................... 1 1.3 Adult Returns to USA Rivers .......................................................................................................... 1 1.4 Stock Enhancement Programs ...................................................................................................... 2 1.5 Tagging and Marking Programs .................................................................................................... 2 1.6 Farm Production ........................................................................................................................... 2 1.7 Smolt Emigration ........................................................................................................................... 2 2 Viability Assessment - Gulf of Maine Atlantic Salmon ........................................................................ 13 2.1 Overview of DPS and Annual Viability Synthesis ........................................................................ 13 2.1.1 DPS Boundary Delineation .................................................................................................. 13 2.1.2 Synthesis of 2018 Viability Assessment .............................................................................. 14 2.2 Population Size ............................................................................................................................ 15 2.3 Population Growth Rate ............................................................................................................. 19 2.4 Spatial Structure of DPS .............................................................................................................. 24 2.4.1 Wild Production Units – Redd Counts ................................................................................. 24 2.4.2 Hatchery Production Units – 2018 Cohort .......................................................................... 26 2.5 Genetic Diversity ......................................................................................................................... 28 2.5.1 Allelic Diversity .................................................................................................................... 28 2.5.2 Observed and Expected Heterozygosity ............................................................................. 29 2.5.3 Effective Population Size ..................................................................................................... 30 2.5.4 Inbreeding Coefficient......................................................................................................... 31 2.5.5 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 31 2.6 Literature Cited ........................................................................................................................... 31 3 Long Island Sound ............................................................................................................................... 34 3.1 Long Island Sound: Connecticut River ......................................................................................... 34 3.1.1 Adult Returns ...................................................................................................................... 34 3.1.2 Hatchery Operations ........................................................................................................... 34 3.1.3 Stocking ............................................................................................................................... 34 3.1.4 Juvenile Population Status .................................................................................................. 34 3.1.5 Fish Passage ........................................................................................................................ 35 3.1.7 General Program Information ............................................................................................. 35 USASAC ANNUAL REPORT 2018/31 3.2 Long Island Sound: Pawcatuck River ....................................................................................... 36 3.2.3 Stocking ............................................................................................................................... 36 4 Central New England ........................................................................................................................... 37 4.1 Merrimack River .......................................................................................................................... 37 4.1.1 Adult Returns ...................................................................................................................... 37 4.1.2 Hatchery Operations ........................................................................................................... 37 4.1.3 Juvenile population status .................................................................................................. 37 4.1.4 General Program ................................................................................................................. 37 4.2 Saco River .................................................................................................................................... 38 4.2.1 Adult Returns ...................................................................................................................... 38 4.2.2 Hatchery Operations ........................................................................................................... 38 4.2.3 Stocking ............................................................................................................................... 39 4.2.4 Juvenile Population Status .................................................................................................. 39 4.2.5 Fish Passage ........................................................................................................................ 39 4.2.6 Genetics .............................................................................................................................. 39 4.2.7 General Program Information ............................................................................................. 39 4.2.8 Migratory Fish Habitat Enhancement and Conservation .................................................... 39 5 Gulf of Maine ...................................................................................................................................... 40 5.1 Adult returns and escapement ................................................................................................... 42 5.1.1 Merrymeeting Bay .............................................................................................................. 42 5.1.2 Penobscot Bay ..................................................................................................................... 42 5.1.3 Downeast Coastal ............................................................................................................... 43 5.2 Juvenile Population Status .......................................................................................................... 48 5.3 Fish Passage and Migratory Fish Habitat Enhancement and Conservation................................ 55 5.4 Hatchery Operations ................................................................................................................... 67 5.5 General Program Information ..................................................................................................... 72 6 Outer Bay of Fundy ............................................................................................................................. 73 6.1 Adult Returns .............................................................................................................................. 73 6.2 Hatchery Operations ................................................................................................................... 73 6.3 Juvenile Population Status .......................................................................................................... 73 6.4 Tagging ........................................................................................................................................ 73 6.5 Fish Passage ................................................................................................................................ 73 6.6 Genetics ...................................................................................................................................... 73 6.7 General Program Information ....................................................................................................