Groundwater Sustainability Plan Solano Subbasin Draft Section 2

SUB NO BA A S L I O N S

Prepared for Solano Prepared by GSA Collaborative TEAM November 2020 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

1 SECTION 2 CONTENTS 2 2. Plan Area (§ 354.8) ...... 2-1 3 2.1. Summary of Jurisdictional Areas and Other Features (§ 354.8 a and b) ...... 2-1 4 2.2. Water Resources Monitoring and Management Programs (10727.2G) (§ 354.8c, d, and e) .... 2-1 5 2.2.1. Monitoring Entities and Programs ...... 2-5 6 2.2.2. Groundwater Level Monitoring ...... 2-10 7 2.2.3. Groundwater and Surface Water Quality Monitoring ...... 2-14 8 2.2.4. Surface Water Stage and Flow Monitoring ...... 2-22 9 2.2.5. Surface Water Diversion Monitoring ...... 2-24 10 2.2.6. Land Subsidence Monitoring ...... 2-24 11 2.2.7. Habitat/Biological Monitoring ...... 2-26 12 2.2.8. Management Programs ...... 2-27 13 2.2.9. Surface Water Programs ...... 2-32 14 2.3. Land Use Elements or Topic Categories of Applicable General Plans (§ 354.8a and f) ...... 2-34 15 2.3.1. Summary of General Plans and Other Land Use Plans ...... 2-37 16 2.3.2. Relationship Between Land Use Plans and GSP Implementation ...... 2-39 17 2.3.3. Information regarding the implementation of land use plans outside the basin that could 18 affect the ability of the Agency to achieve sustainable groundwater management ...... 2-40 19 2.3.4. Summary of the Well Permitting Process ...... 2-40 20 2.4. Additional GSP Elements (§ 354.8 e and g) ...... 2-45 21 2.4.1. Control of saline water intrusion ...... 2-45 22 2.4.2. Wellhead protection ...... 2-45 23 2.4.3. Recharge Areas ...... 2-45 24 2.4.4. Migration of contaminated groundwater ...... 2-45 25 2.4.5. Well construction, abandonment, and well destruction program: ...... 2-45 26 2.4.6. Replenishment of groundwater extractions ...... 2-47 27 2.4.7. Conjunctive use and underground storage ...... 2-47 28 2.4.8. Addressing groundwater contamination cleanup, recharge, diversions to storage, 29 conservation, water recycling, conveyance, and extraction projects ...... 2-47 30 2.4.9. Efficient water management practices ...... 2-47 31 2.4.10. Relationships with state and federal regulatory agencies ...... 2-47

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32 2.4.11. Review of land use plans and efforts to coordinate with land use planning agencies to 33 assess activities that potentially create risks to groundwater quality or quantity ...... 2-48 34 2.4.12. Impacts on groundwater dependent ecosystems ...... 2-48 35 2.5. Notice and Communication (§ 354.10, 10723.4) ...... 2-49 36 2.5.1. Notice (§ 354.10 a, b, and c) ...... 2-49 37 2.5.2. Decision-Making Process ...... 2-49 38 2.5.3. Public Engagement ...... 2-49 39 2.6. References ...... 2-55 40 41 Tables

42 Table 2-1: Groundwater Level Monitoring Sites in Plan Area by Monitoring Entity 43 Table 2-2: Groundwater Quality Monitoring Sites in Plan Area by Monitoring Entity 44 Table 2-3: Surface Water Monitoring Sites in Plan Area by Monitoring Entity 45 46 Figures

47 Figure 2-1: Solano Subbasin GSP Area and Groundwater Sustainability Agencies 48 Figure 2-2: Jurisdictional Boundaries – Cities, Counties and Entities with Water Management 49 Responsibilities 50 Figure 2-3: Jurisdictional Boundaries – Federal, State and Tribal Lands 51 Figure 2-4: Groundwater Level Monitoring (2015-Present) 52 Figure 2-5: Groundwater Level Monitoring (Pre-2015) 53 Figure 2-6: Groundwater Quality Monitoring (2015-Present) 54 Figure 2-7: Groundwater Quality Monitoring (Pre-2015) 55 Figure 2-8: Surface Water Locations 56 Figure 2-9: Points of Diversion 57 Figure 2-10: Land Use – 2016 (USDA) 58 Figure 2-11: Land Use – 2016 (DWR) 59 Figure 2-12: Map of Well Information by Section: Number of Domestic Wells (from WCR data) 60 Figure 2-13: Map of Well Information by Section: Number of Agricultural Wells (from WCR data) 61 Figure 2-14: Map of Well Information by Section: Number of Industrial Wells (from WCR data) 62 Figure 2-15: Map of Well Information by Section: Number of Public Supply Wells (from WCR data) 63 Figure 2-16: Well Permit Consultation Zone 64 65 Appendix

66 Appendix 2a: Public Outreach and Communications and Engagement Activities

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67 2. PLAN AREA (§ 354.8) 68 2.1. Summary of Jurisdictional Areas and Other Features (§ 354.8 a and b) 69 The Solano Subbasin Groundwater Sustainability Agency GSA (GSA) Collaborative (Solano Collaborative) 70 encompasses parts of Solano and Sacramento and small parts of Yolo County. The majority of the Plan 71 Area is comprised of the Solano Subbasin GSA, with the City of Vacaville GSA, Solano Irrigation District 72 GSA, and Sacramento County GSA. The Northern Delta GSA and GSAs for Reclamation Districts (RD) 3, 73 137, 407, 554, 556, 2067, and 2111 comprise the remaining areas within the Plan Area boundaries. The 74 Plan Area is adjacent to the Yolo Subbasin to the north and the east, the South American Subbasin to the 75 east, the Eastern San Joaquin to the southeast, East Contra Costa Subbasin to the south, and the Suisun- 76 Fairfield Groundwater Basin to the west as shown on Figure 2-1.

77 More urbanized areas within the Plan Area include Dixon, Vacaville, Rio Vista, Isleton, and Walnut 78 Grove. Active water purveyors in the Solano Subbasin include: the Solano Irrigation District, Solano 79 County Water Agency, Maine Prairie Water District, North Delta Water Agency, Rural North Vacaville 80 Water District, and RD 2068 in addition to those RDs previously mentioned above as shown on 81 Figure 2-2. Public entities that operate within the Plan Area include the U.S. Department of Defense and 82 the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the California Public Lands Commission, and the California Parks and 83 Recreation Commission as shown on Figure 2-3.

84 2.2. Water Resources Monitoring and Management Programs (10727.2G) 85 (§ 354.8c, d, and e) 86 A variety of local, state, and federal agencies implement monitoring and management programs in the 87 Solano Subbasin, each governed by its own specific set of statutory or regulatory requirements. This 88 Groundwater Sustainability Plan (GSP, or Plan) Section provides brief a description of the local, state, 89 and federal agencies that implement monitoring and management programs in the Solano Subbasin. 90 The objectives of those monitoring programs are often dictated by statutory or regulatory requirements 91 intended to protect groundwater and surface water quality. This section describes those programs and 92 their monitoring networks.

93 The objectives of this Plan section are summarized as follows:

94  Describe the local, state, and federal agencies with existing water and land use monitoring 95 and management programs in the Solano Subbasin. These descriptions provide context and a 96 general understanding of efforts underway by other agencies, which may influence groundwater 97 conditions in the Subbasin.

98  Describe the extent of recent and historical monitoring networks in the Solano Subbasin. This 99 information precedes a discussion, in a subsequent section of this GSP, of the monitoring 100 network that the GSAs will use to track groundwater-related conditions for the purposes of 101 Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA).

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105  Describe the beneficial uses and users of groundwater in the Subbasin. These descriptions 106 precede additional details to be addressed in subsequent sections of this GSP, including 107 identification of significant and unreasonable impacts on beneficial users.

108 2.2.1. Monitoring Entities and Programs 109 Existing monitoring programs within the Plan area include programs implemented by federal, state, 110 regional, and local public agencies in support of regulatory or statutory requirements. Monitoring 111 programs or projects implemented by others may also provide data useful for the evaluation of basin 112 conditions presented in Section 3. Monitoring sites from the various networks described in this section 113 were considered for incorporation as part of the GSP monitoring network, described in Section 3.

114 The GSAs intend to continue using current groundwater and surface water monitoring programs to 115 inform the evaluation of GSP monitoring network sufficiency and fill data gaps where necessary. The 116 current monitoring and management programs are not expected to limit operational flexibility in the 117 Subbasin. This Plan incorporates all available data collected through the numerous programs and 118 monitoring networks in the Subbasin and implements standards consistent with state and federal 119 drinking water quality programs. State and federal water quality programs inform the sustainability 120 criteria developed in this Plan, which are presented in Section 2.2.3.

121 2.2.1.1. California Department of Water Resources

122 The California Department of Water Resources (DWR) is responsible for the management and regulation 123 of the State’s water usage as well as implementing the State Water Project (SWP), the nation’s largest 124 state-built water conveyance program. DWR collects and maintains monitoring data for the state. 125 Additionally, DWR assists GSAs in the implementation of SGMA through technical, financial, and 126 planning services. DWR is responsible for the ultimate review and acceptance of GSPs and, therefore, 127 provides valuable support and guidance to local entities for sustainable groundwater management. 128 Technical services provided by DWR include making statewide data and tools available regarding 129 groundwater levels, WCRs, and climate change, and also publishing BMPs, guidance documents, and 130 technical reports. Through the Sustainable Groundwater Planning Grant Program, DWR has provided 131 grant funds to local agencies to assist in developing GSPs and related projects. Financial assistance for 132 development of the Solano Subbasin GSP has been provided by DWR through Propositions 1 and 68 133 funding.

134 To protect groundwater, it is critical to ensure that wells are properly constructed and destroyed 135 without introducing contaminants into the water supply. Under Section 13751 of the California Water 136 Code (CWC), a well completion report (WCR) is required for the construction, alteration, or destruction 137 of a water well, cathodic protection well, groundwater monitoring well, or geothermal heat exchange 138 well. WCRs must be submitted to DWR within 60 days after completed work; submitted WCRs are added 139 to the statewide WCR dataset and made available by the California Natural Resources Agency (CNRA). 140 Through CWC Section 13752, WCRs are made publicly accessible; however, personal information is 141 redacted and the WCRs have several data accuracy shortcomings. While well attribute information 142 should be verified using the original WCR, reported issues include missing and duplicate records, missing 143 or incorrect values (e.g., location coordinates, record type, planned use, total completed depth), and 144 limited spatial resolution. The WCR dataset is updated weekly and serves as the primary means of

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145 tracking the existence of wells. DWR maintains a web map application of WCRs. Additionally, the CNRA 146 provides bulk data downloads from their website1.

147 2.2.1.2. California State Water Resources Control Board

148 The California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) maintains jurisdiction over Waste 149 Discharge Requirements (WDRs), underground storage tanks, groundwater cleanup programs, and 150 overall groundwater quality through policies and enforcement. The SWRCB administers water rights, 151 water pollution control, and water quality functions for the state as part of the California Environmental 152 Protection Agency (CalEPA). Through California’s Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act (Porter- 153 Cologne Act), the SWRCB shares authority with the Regional Water Quality Control Boards (RWQCB) to 154 implement the federal Clean Water Act (CWA). The SWRCB provides policy guidance and budgetary 155 authority to the Regional Boards, who adopt Water Quality Control Plans, knows as “Basin Plans.” The 156 Solano Subbasin is located within the jurisdictional area of the Central Valley RWQCB.

157 SWRCB GeoTracker 158 The SWRCB is responsible for storing environmental data for regulated facilities in California in their 159 GeoTracker database, which includes groundwater levels and groundwater quality data. GeoTracker was 160 initially developed in 2000 pursuant to a mandate by the California State Legislature (AB 592, SB 1189 161 (Stats. 1997, Chapter 814 and 185). Data from these regulated facilities usually include manual 162 groundwater level measurements and samples from groundwater monitoring wells at each regulated 163 site.

164 In addition to the GeoTracker program, the SWRCB and RWQCB enforce groundwater quality protection 165 through WDRs. WDRs are considered the most important state regulatory controls for ensuring 166 groundwater quality and compliance with Basin Plans, and include controls over the following:

167  agricultural runoff, 168  domestic septic systems, 169  injection wells, 170  wastewater recycled for reuse or discharged to land, 171  dairy operations, and 172  timber harvesting. 173 174 In the case that a contamination occurs in violation of any WDR, the State and Regional Boards are 175 responsible for cleanup and abatement of groundwater sites impacted by the contamination. More 176 information regarding the WDR Program can be accessed at the SWRCB website.

177 The SWRCB maintains an online database containing records of investigations, actions related to 178 cleanup activities, identified known contaminant cleanup sites, and permitted underground storage 179 tanks. The online database can be accessed on the SWRCB GeoTracker webpage2.

1 https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/well-completion-reports 2 https://geotracker.waterboards.ca.gov/

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180 SWRCB Division of Drinking Water 181 Within the SWRCB, the Division of Drinking Water (DDW)is responsible for enforcing the Safe Drinking 182 Water Act (SDWA). The DDW ensures access to safe drinking water through regulations that include 183 water quality monitoring requirements for regulated public water systems. California has enacted its 184 own SDWA that implements the requirements of the federal SDWA and, for some contaminants, sets 185 more stringent Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs). For more information regarding the DDW, visit 186 the SWRCB Drinking Water Programs website3.

187 Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment Program (GAMA) 188 In 2000, the SWRCB created GAMA as a source of water quality and groundwater elevation data. The 189 SWRCB works with agencies from the State and Regional Water Boards, Department of Water 190 Resources, Department of Pesticide Regulations, U.S. Geological Survey, Lawrence Livermore National 191 Laboratory, water agencies and private owners to provide the groundwater data to the public.

192 2.2.1.3. Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB)

193 The RWQCB regulates the quality of surface water, groundwater, and coastal waters in the Central 194 Valley region. The RWQCB is responsible for developing a Basin Plan, or Water Quality Control Plan, to 195 govern requirements for and issue waste discharge permits, take enforcement action against 196 dischargers who violate permits or otherwise harm water quality in surface waters, and monitor water 197 quality. The RWQCB’s overall mission is to protect surface waters and groundwater in the region 198 through the following tasks:

199  Addressing region‐wide water quality concerns through the creation and triennial update of a 200 Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan);

201  Preparing new or revised policies addressing region‐wide water quality concerns;

202  Adopting, monitoring compliance with, and enforcing waste discharge requirements and 203 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits;

204  Providing recommendations to the SWRCB on financial assistance programs, proposals for water 205 diversion, budget development, and other statewide programs and policies;

206  Coordinating with other public agencies that are concerned with water quality control;

207  Informing and involving the public on water quality issues.

208 Section 2.2.3.1 describes several active monitoring programs implemented by the RWQCB.

3 https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/programs/

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209 2.2.1.4. California Department of Toxic Substances Control

210 The California Department of Toxic Substance Control (DTSC) regulates hazardous wastes. The DTSC is 211 responsible for enforcement of the federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and related 212 state law requirements, such as California’s Hazardous Waste Control Law. The DTSC regulations place 213 controls on all phases of management of hazardous wastes, including generation, treatment, storage, 214 transportation and disposal. Through the DTSC’s Hazardous Waste Management Program and Site 215 Mitigation and Restoration Program, groundwater is protected through the oversight of hazardous 216 waste management and remediation. The DTSC maintains an online database of permitted hazardous 217 waste sites, corrective action facilities, and information regarding site cleanup. Additionally, the DTSC 218 enforces the Toxic Injection Well Control Act and the Toxic Pit Cleanup Act, both of which require 219 monitoring and hazardous waste containment. The DTSC shares toxic site cleanup responsibilities with 220 California’s RWQCBs. Records can be accessed through the DTSC’s online database portal4.

221 2.2.1.5. California Geologic Energy Management Division

222 The California Geologic Energy Management Division (CalGEM), previously the Division of Oil, Gas, and 223 Geothermal Resources (DOGGR), is mandated by Division 3 of the Public Resources Code to supervise 224 the drilling, operation, maintenance, and abandonment of oil, gas, and geothermal wells in California. 225 RWQCBs regulate well development drilling fluid and mud disposal and produced water disposal and 226 reuse, which includes disposal discharge to ponds, roads, and the use of produced water as irrigation 227 water. These discharges are regulated under individual and general WDRs. When these WDRs involve 228 discharges from oil and gas operations to land, the CalGEM consults with the applicable RWQCB. 229 Another step being taken to understand and address water quality in areas of oil and gas development is 230 the Water Quality in Areas of Oil and Gas Production – Regional Groundwater Monitoring Program 231 undertaken by the SWRCB. The purpose of the program is to improve the understanding of threats 232 posed to groundwater resources by oil and gas operations, including the extent of any contamination 233 due to oil and gas development and the processes responsible for the contamination. For more 234 information on CalGEM, visit their website5. For more information on water quality in Areas of Oil and 235 Gas Production – Regional Groundwater Monitoring Program visit the SWRCB program webpage.6

236 2.2.1.6. California Department of Pesticide Regulation

237 The California Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) is responsible for enforcing state laws and 238 regulations consistent with the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), which 239 mandates regulation of pesticide distribution, sale, and use. County agricultural commissioners are 240 responsible for enforcement and permitting the use of restricted pesticides. DPR conducts regular 241 surface water and groundwater sampling to monitor for pesticide contamination. Additionally, the 242 Pesticide Contamination Prevention Act requires the DPR to protect groundwater from pesticide

4 https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/ 5 https://www.conservation.ca.gov/CalGEM 6 https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/groundwater/sb4/regional_monitoring/

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243 pollution through its groundwater protection program, whereby: 1) thresholds are placed on pesticides 244 posing risk to groundwater; 2) a database of wells sampled for pesticides is maintained; 3) areas 245 sensitive to pesticide contamination are identified (known as groundwater protection areas); and 246 4) mitigation measures are developed to prevent pesticide transport to groundwater in those areas. In 247 addition to its databases that house pesticide sampling results for groundwater, DPR provides 248 summaries of annual sampling and detections to the state legislature. For more information, visit the 249 DPR webpage7.Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.

250 2.2.1.7. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)

251 The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) administers the CWA in coordination with 252 state and tribal governments, in which the law applies specifically to surface waters and wetlands only. 253 The Act designates the SWRCB, together with the nine RWQCBs, as the agency responsible for water 254 quality, safe and reliable drinking water, and water rights. In carrying out these responsibilities, RWQCBs 255 adopt a Basin Plan that must be approved by both the SWRCB and the USEPA. In addition to water 256 quality oversight, the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act 257 (CERCLA or Superfund) established a program to clean up uncontrolled or abandoned hazardous waste 258 sites as well as accidents, spills and other emergency releases of pollutants and contaminants. Sites 259 designated as a federal “Superfund” sites are eligible to receive funding for remediation, which the 260 USEPAis authorized to seek cooperation and funding from the parties potentially responsible for the 261 contaminated sites. Both state and federal Superfund programs maintain a list of sites found to pose 262 sufficient risk to public health and/or the environment, with the federal list referred to as the USEPA’s 263 National Priority List (NPL) and the state list referred to as the “Hazardous Waste and Substances Site 264 List.” To view the USEPA’s NPL, visit their website8.

265 2.2.1.8. California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA)

266 In coordination with the SWRCB Division of Drinking Water, the CalEPA maintains regulatory jurisdiction 267 over safe drinking water quality requirements, hazardous waste management and remediation 268 requirements through DTSC, and pesticide use and reporting requirements through DPR. California’s 269 Superfund program analogous to the USEPA Superfund program, was created by the Carpenter-Presley- 270 Tanner Hazardous Substances Account Act. The California Carpenter-Presley-Tanner Hazardous 271 Substances Account Act provides additional regulatory oversight primarily for petroleum contamination 272 sites that are exempt from CERCLA. The state equivalent of the USEPA’s NPL is the “Hazardous Waste 273 and Substances Site List” or the “Cortese List”. This list is updated annually by CalEPA and maintained on 274 DTSC’s EnviroStor website9. More information regarding state Superfund programs can be accessed at 275 DTSC’s website10.

7 https://www.cdpr.ca.gov/ 8 https://www.epa.gov/superfund/superfund-national-priorities-list-npl 9 https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/ 10 https://dtsc.ca.gov/dtscs-cortese-list/ and https://www.epa.gov/superfund

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276 CalEPA maintains the Regulated Site Portal, a website that combines data from a variety of state and 277 federal databases on environmentally regulated sites and facilities in California into a single, searchable 278 database. Regulated activities include hazardous materials and waste, state and federal cleanups, 279 impacted groundwater and surface waters, and toxic materials. The portal integrates data from the 280 following entities:

281  CalEPA’s California Environmental Reporting System (CERS), which tracks hazardous materials 282 and waste,

283  SWRCB’s California Integrated Water Quality System (CIWQS), which manages information 284 pertaining to sites discharging to surface water,

285  DTSC’s EnviroStor system, which tracks hazardous waste facilities and sites with known or 286 suspected contamination,

287  SWRCB’s GeoTracker sites,

288  SWRCB’s Stormwater Multiple Application and Report Tracking System (SMARTS), which collects 289 information on industrial and construction storm water management,

290  the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) that contains information on chemicals managed by industrial 291 or other facilities in California.

292 Data in the portal can be searched by location, regulatory program, violations, or other criteria and can 293 be downloaded. To view environmentally regulated sites in California, the Regulated Site Portal can be 294 accessed from CalEPA’s website11.

295 2.2.2. Groundwater Level Monitoring 296 Groundwater level monitoring can provide information on the volume and accessibility of groundwater 297 in an aquifer system and can also indicate the direction of groundwater flow within an aquifer system. 298 Groundwater level monitoring has been underway in the Solano Subbasin for many decades. The 299 earliest groundwater level records date to 1920s. Since 2015, groundwater levels have been monitored 300 at 630 wells or sites in the Solano Subbasin (Figure 2-4).12 The frequency of data collection in recently 301 monitored wells ranges from continuous monitoring by automated pressure transducers to annual 302 measurement intervals. In addition to recently monitored wells, 910 wells were monitored prior to 303 2015, in which the enumeration of historically monitored wells accounts for wells measured at least 304 once beginning in the 1920s (Figure 2-5). Table 2-1 summarizes the recent and historical groundwater 305 level monitoring sites in the Plan area by the reporting agency.

11 https://siteportal.calepa.ca.gov/nsite 12 The SWRCB GeoTracker program often includes locations with dozens of monitored wells. For the purposes of this Section, all wells at a given SWRCB GeoTracker site are counted as a single site.

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o J Water Level Monitoring nt Location me n Sa ra a c S Solano Subbasin Old UV84 R Data sources: i Bench Marks - https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/GPSonBM/ v e ESRI - waterways, transportation, counties, cities Bethel r DWR - subbasin boundaries UV4 Contra Island USGS - DEM/hillshade Costa Coordinate system: NAD 1983UV242 California (Teale) Albers County Antioch UV4 680 0 1 2 3 4 ¨¦§ Concord Miles ´ 24 X:\2018\18-037UV Solano Subbasin GSP\GIS\Report Map Figures\GSP\Figure 2.4 Groundwater Level Monitoring Historical.mxd

Groundwater Level Monitoring (Pre-2015) Figure 2-5 Team Groundwater Sustainability Plan Solano Subbasin DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

308 Table 2-1: Groundwater Level Monitoring Sites in Plan Area by Monitoring Entity

Well Count Historical Recent Monitoring Agency/Program (pre-2015) (2015 to Present) California Department of Water Resources 167 122 CalWater - 9 City of Vacaville 4 24 RNVWD - 6 SCWA - 13 Solano Irrigation District - 33 State Water Resources Control Board, GeoTracker 522 423 USGS 217 - RNVWD - 6 USBR 114 57 Note: Some wells monitored historically may have data reported by more than one agency or program. Historically monitored wells include all wells measured at least once since groundwater level documentation began.

309 2.2.2.1. U.S. Geological Survey Groundwater Level Monitoring

310 The USGS maintains a publicly accessible database of water quality and groundwater level information 311 (National Water Information System, or NWIS) database. The NWIS database has water quality and/or 312 water level data for 217 groundwater sites in the Solano Subbasin. Of the sites within the NWIS 313 database, well construction information is provided for some of the sites, including construction date, 314 well depth, and/or hole depth information. All USGS NWIS data have undergone QA/QC by the USGS. 315 Groundwater level data collected by the USGS in the Solano Subbasin span from 1950 to 2014. 316 Currently, no groundwater monitoring sites are active. Groundwater level data collected by the USGS 317 can be accessed from their NWIS webpage13.

318 2.2.2.2. California Department of Water Resources and the California Statewide Groundwater 319 Elevation Monitoring Program (CASGEM)

320 In 2009, Senate Bill SBX7-6 established that all subbasins needed to collect groundwater elevations to 321 monitor seasonal and long-term trends. In 2011, SCWA applied and became the entity in charge of 322 identifying and determining wells suitable for the monitoring program. Presently, there are 54 wells in 323 the monitoring program and an additional four wells are designated as voluntary wells. The current 324 CASGEM monitoring plan was reviewed and adopted in 2014 (LSCE, 2014). After the GSP is adopted, the 325 CASGEM program will cease, instead groundwater data will be updated at the SGMA Monitoring

13 https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/gw

LSCE Team 2-13 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

326 Network Module (MNM) site. Wells that are not part of the GSP monitoring program but had been 327 historically monitored as part of CASGEM will still be updated at the CASGEM site.

328 2.2.2.3. DWR: Solano Subbasin Monitoring

329 Historically, DWR has annually to monthly monitored 132 wells in the Solano Subbasin. In summer 2019, 330 it was learned from DWR that they would be removing or had removed 24 wells from their Solano 331 Subbasin monitoring program. SCWA and others are working to re-recruit and reinstate 20 of these 332 wells in a monitoring network.

333 2.2.2.4. SWRCB GeoTracker Program

334 Thirty-nine sites were monitored in the Subbasin for groundwater levels as part of the SWRCB Regulated 335 Facilities GeoTracker Program in 2019. The groundwater level monitoring frequency is typically semi- 336 annual or quarterly, although more frequent measurements are sometimes recorded. GeoTracker sites 337 with data reported in 2019 are located in the Plan area; other sites monitored previously have been 338 located at various sites outside the Subbasin. The GeoTracker Program acts as a clearinghouse for data 339 collected by various entities subject to approved monitoring plans and procedures. In the Solano 340 Subbasin, many regulated facilities in the GeoTracker program are overseen by the Solano County 341 Environmental Health Division, in coordination with the SWRCB.

342 2.2.2.5. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR)

343 The USBR works to provide sufficient water by examining infrastructure, security, and water quality. 344 Groundwater level data collected by the USBR in the Solano Subbasin span from 1929 to current. Data is 345 made public through DWR water data library.

346 2.2.3. Groundwater and Surface Water Quality Monitoring 347 Groundwater quality data are collected by SCWA, City of Vacaville, Solano Irrigation District, Department 348 of Pesticide Regulation, DWR, USGS, and the SWRCB DDW and GeoTracker programs. Since 2015, 349 groundwater quality has been monitored at 160 wells or sites in the Solano Subbasin (Figure 2-6). The 350 frequency of data collection in recently monitored wells ranges from continuous monitoring by 351 automated transducers to 5-year sampling intervals. Three wells, monitored by the USGS, are revisited 352 at five-year intervals, as part of the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) 353 Program. Wells with data reported to DDW are sampled for regulated drinking water constituents at 354 various intervals according to the water system classification. Wells in the GeoTracker Program are 355 typically sampled quarterly or semi-annually for constituents that vary according to the specific 356 requirements of the regulated facility but often include volatile organic compounds. DWR does not 357 currently monitor any wells in the Subbasin for water quality, but 108 wells were monitored prior to 358 2015, when the enumeration of historically monitored wells accounts for wells measured at least once 359 beginning in 1950 (Figure 2-7). Table 2-2 summarizes the recent and historical groundwater quality 360 monitoring sites in the Plan area.

LSCE Team 2-14 UV84 UV275 UV113 p Channel 80 Shi ¨¦§ r 50 505 Davis te ¤£ ¨¦§ a reek W tah C Pu p e

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Groundwater Quality Monitoring (2015-Present) Figure 2-6 Team Groundwater Sustainability Plan Solano Subbasin UV84 UV275 UV113 p Channel 80 Shi ¨¦§ r 50 505 Davis te ¤£ ¨¦§ a reek W tah C Pu p e

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Groundwater Quality Monitoring (Pre-2015) Figure 2-7 Team Groundwater Sustainability Plan Solano Subbasin DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

363 Table 2-2: Groundwater Quality Monitoring Sites in Plan Area by Monitoring Entity

Well Count Historical Recent Monitoring Agency/Program (pre-2015) (2015 to Present) California Department of Water Resources 108 - City of Vacaville 16 11 State Division of Drinking Water 55 107 RNVWD - - SCWA 12 - Solano Irrigation District 4 8 State Water Resources Control Board, 3 34 GeoTracker USGS 99 - Note: Some wells monitored historically may have data reported by more than one agency or program. Historically monitored wells include all wells measured at least once since groundwater quality documentation began.

364 2.2.3.1. California State Water Resources Board (SWRCB)

365 SWRCB Public Water Systems Groundwater Quality Monitoring 366 Beginning in 2001, Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations Sections 64469 and 64819 established 367 requirements and the format for reporting laboratory results of public water systems' water quality 368 analyses. All certified drinking water analytical laboratories, including those that are subcontractors of 369 other laboratories, are required to submit water quality data directly to the SWRCB DDW in digital, 370 electronic form. These submittals are referred to as Electronic Data Transfer (EDT). The EDT Library 371 supplies links to water quality monitoring schedules, files for the DDW water quality database, and 372 county small water system water quality data files. All drinking water quality data of public water supply 373 systems submitted to the DDW through the EDT portal can be accessed through the SWRCB DDW 374 website14.

375 GeoTracker Program 376 Outlined in Title 22 of the CCR, groundwater quality monitoring is mandated according to the size of a 377 community water system that is supplied by groundwater resources, in which groundwater quality is 378 then reported to the SWRCB. Groundwater quality data in the Solano Subbasin are collected principally 379 at sites regulated by the SWRCB through the DDW and GeoTracker programs, although data are also 380 available from other public agencies. Data collected by regulatory agencies monitoring groundwater 381 quality for compliance purposes submit reports to the SWRCB that are made accessible through the 382 GeoTracker database. The approximate frequency of GeoTracker wells monitored in the Subbasin range 383 from less than annually to annually or more frequent, in which key water quality constituents are

14 https://sdwis.waterboards.ca.gov/PDWW/

LSCE Team 2-17 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

384 generally evaluated, including electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride, and 385 nitrate, are tested. More details regarding the current groundwater quality monitoring network in the 386 Plan area are provided in Section 3. In addition to the GeoTracker program, the SWRCB and RWQCB 387 enforce groundwater quality protection through the enforcement of WDRs, discussed in Section 2.2.3.3.

388 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit Program 389 Authorized by the CWA, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit Program 390 controls water pollution by regulating point sources that discharge pollutants, such as rock, sand, dirt, 391 and agricultural, industrial, and municipal waste. The NPDES Program is a federal program that is 392 implemented by the SWRCB and its nine RWQCBs. Since its introduction in 1972, the NPDES Program 393 has been responsible for significant improvements in water quality throughout the state and country. 394 For more information regarding the NPDES Permit Program in California, visit the SWRCB NPDES 395 program website15.

396 Industrial Stormwater Program 397 Referred to as the Industrial Stormwater Program, the SWRCB regulates industrial stormwater 398 discharges and authorized non-stormwater discharges from industrial facilities in the state through 399 issuance of Industrial General Permits. Companies involved in an industrial activity, which includes 400 wineries, must be covered under an Industrial General Permit, prepare and implement a Stormwater 401 Pollution Prevention Plan (SPPP), and monitor surface water runoff to determine the amount of 402 pollutants leaving a site. Together with the NPDES Permit, the Industrial General Permit allows industrial 403 facilities to discharge clean stormwater to surface waters. Without a permit, it is unlawful to discharge 404 even clean stormwater from regulated facilities. Companies with an Industrial General Permit must 405 submit an annual report to the SWRCB to show compliance with inspection and monitoring.

406 2.2.3.2. Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board

407 Water Quality Control Plan 408 The Central Valley RWQCB regulates surface water and groundwater quality in the Central Valley region 409 (Region 5), which includes the Sacramento River and San Joaquin River Watersheds. The RWQCB, acting 410 under the SWRCB, conduct planning, permitting, and enforcement activities. 411 By law, the RWQCB is required to develop, adopt (after public hearing), and implement a Basin Plan for 412 the Region. Serving as the region’s Water Quality Control Plan, the Basin Plan is the master policy 413 document that contains descriptions of the legal, technical, and programmatic bases of water quality 414 regulation for the region. At the regional level, the Basin Plan outlines water quality objectives both to 415 define the appropriate levels of environmental quality and to control activities that can adversely affect 416 the aquatic systems. The basin planning process drives the RWQCBʹs effort to manage water quality. The 417 Basin Plan provides a definitive program of actions designed to preserve and enhance water quality and

15 https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/npdes/

LSCE Team 2-18 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

418 to protect beneficial uses in a manner that will result in maximum benefit to the people of California. 419 The Basin Plan fulfills the following needs:

420  The USEPA requires such a plan in order to allocate federal grants to cities and districts for 421 construction of wastewater treatment facilities.

422  The Basin Plan provides a basis for establishing priorities as to how both state and federal grants 423 are disbursed for constructing and upgrading wastewater treatment facilities.

424  The Basin Plan fulfills the requirements of the Porter‐Cologne Act that call for water quality 425 control plans in California.

426  The Basin Plan, by defining the resources, services, and qualities of aquatic ecosystems to be 427 maintained, provides a basis for the RWQCB to establish or revise waste discharge requirements 428 and for the SWRCB to establish or revise water rights permits.

429  The Basin Plan establishes conditions (discharge prohibitions) that must be met at all times.

430  The Basin Plan establishes or indicates water quality standards applicable to waters of the 431 Region, as required by the federal CWA.

432  The Basin Plan establishes water quality attainment strategies, including TMDLs required by the 433 CWA, for pollutants and water bodies where water quality standards are not currently met.

434 The Basin Plan provides both narrative and numerical water quality objectives that apply to all surface 435 waters within the region (except the Pacific Ocean). Consistent with the USEPA’s water quality criteria, 436 the Basin Plan outlines criteria for the following constituents: 437  Bacteria (Fecal 447  Oil and grease 456  Suspended 438 Coliform, 448  Population and 457 material 439  Total Coliform, 449  community 458  Sulfide 440 E. Coli) 450 ecology 459  Taste and odor 441  Bioaccumulation 451  pH 460  Temperature 442  Biostimulatory 452  Radioactivity 461  Toxicity 443 substances 453  Salinity 462  Turbidity 444  Color 454  Sediment 463  Un-ionized 445  Dissolved oxygen 455  Settleable material 464 ammonia 446  Floating material 465 466 2.2.3.3. RWQCB Irrigated Lands Regulatory Control Program: Sacramento Valley 467 Groundwater Quality Trend Monitoring Program

468 The Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board’s (RWQCB) Order No. R5-2014-0030-R1 Waste 469 Discharge Requirements General Order for Growers in the Sacramento River Watershed that are 470 Members of the Third-Party Group, referred to as the WDRs (RWQCB, 2015), requires the Sacramento

LSCE Team 2-19 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

471 Valley Water Quality Coalition (Coalition) to develop and implement a Groundwater Quality Trend 472 Monitoring (GQTM) Program. The WDRs Attachment B, Section IV.C. (p. 1-2) states:

473 “1. Objectives. The objectives of Groundwater Quality Trend Monitoring are (1) to 474 determine current water quality conditions of groundwater relevant to irrigated 475 agriculture, and (2) to develop long-term groundwater quality information that can 476 be used to evaluate the regional effects (i.e., not site-specific effects) of irrigated 477 agriculture and its practices.

478 2. Implementation. To reach the stated objectives for the Groundwater Quality Trend 479 Monitoring program, the third-party shall develop a groundwater quality monitoring 480 network that will (1) be implemented over both high and low vulnerability areas in 481 the third-party area; and will (2) employ shallow wells, but not necessarily wells 482 completed in the uppermost zone of first encountered groundwater. The use of 483 existing wells is less costly than installing wells specifically designed for groundwater 484 quality monitoring, while still yielding data which can be compared with historical 485 and future data to evaluate long-term groundwater quality trends. The third party 486 may also consider using existing monitoring networks such as those used by AB 3030 487 and SB 1938 plans.

488 3. Reporting. The results of trend monitoring are to be included in the third-party’s 489 Monitoring Report and shall include a map of the sampled wells, tabulation of the 490 analytical data, and time concentration charts. Groundwater quality monitoring data 491 are to be submitted electronically to the State Water Board’s GeoTracker Database 492 and to the Central Valley Water Board.

493 Following collection of sufficient data (sufficiency to be determined by the method of 494 analysis proposed by the third-party or Trend Monitoring Group) from each well, the 495 third-party is to evaluate the data for trends. The methods to be used to evaluate 496 trends shall be proposed by the third-party or Trend Monitoring Group in the 497 Groundwater Quality Trend Monitoring Workplan described in section IV.E below.”

498 The Sacramento Valley Water Quality Coalition’s boundary coincides with the boundary of the 499 Sacramento River watershed and encompasses more than 18.2 million acres, including about 1.3 million 500 acres of irrigated agricultural land. The Coalition area encompasses the Solano Subbasin. The GQTM 501 program involves groundwater quality sampling utilizing a network of wells selected to monitor regional 502 and long-term trends in groundwater quality in relation to agricultural practices as outlined in Coalition 503 GQTM Workplan submittals to the RWQCB. These workplans discuss the dynamic nature of the GQTM 504 network design, including the expectation that the network will evolve and be expanded or otherwise 505 modified in future years, as needed to achieve the program objectives. The GQTM network proposed for 506 the 2019 sampling event consisted of network wells identified in the 2019 GQTM Workplan Revisions 507 and Update (LSCE, 2019). In accordance with the annual and five-year GQTM sampling schedule, wells 508 being sampled for the first time as part of the GQTM were tested for nitrate, total dissolved solids (TDS),

LSCE TEAM 2-20 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

509 and major cations and anions as required every five years. Wells previously sampled for the GQTM were 510 only tested for nitrate, as required for annual monitoring. All wells sampled for the GQTM were also 511 tested for field parameters, including specific conductance, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, 512 oxidation-reduction potential, and turbidity.

513 The 2019 groundwater quality sampling for the SVWQC GQTM Program took place between mid-July 514 and early August 2019. A total of 28 Coalition GQTM network wells were sampled in 2019 (LSCE, 2020). 515 Two of the 28 GQTM wells are located in the Solano Subbasin.

516 2.2.3.4. USGS Groundwater Quality Monitoring

517 The USGS maintains a publicly accessible database of water quality and groundwater level information 518 through the NWIS database. The NWIS database has water quality and/or water level data for 99 519 groundwater sites in the Solano Subbasin. Groundwater quality data collected by the USGS span from 520 1946 to 2014. Groundwater quality data collected by the USGS can be accessed from the Groundwater 521 Data for the Nation webpage16.

522 Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program 523 As part of the USGS GAMA program, three wells in the Solano Subbasin are monitored on a five-year 524 cycle. The GAMA program, created by the SWRCB in 2000 and later expanded by Assembly Bill 599- the 525 Groundwater Quality Monitoring Act of 2001, is an interagency collaboration to monitor and assess 526 groundwater quality in basins all around the State of California. The SWRCB, RWQCB, DWR, DPR, USGS, 527 and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory all participate in the GAMA Program in collaboration with 528 local agencies and well owners. However, the USGS serves as the technical lead for the Priority Basin 529 Project (GAMA-PBP), which conducts water-quality assessments of shallow aquifers, the groundwater 530 resources typically used for private domestic and small system drinking-water supplies. For more 531 information regarding the USGS GAMA program, visit the program webpage17.

532 Goals of the GAMA Program:

533  Improve statewide comprehensive groundwater monitoring,

534  Increase the availability to the public of groundwater quality and contamination information,

535  Establish ambient groundwater quality on a basin wide scale,

536  Continue periodic groundwater sampling and groundwater quality studies in order to 537 characterize chemicals of concern and identify trends in groundwater quality, and

538  Centralize the availability of groundwater information to the public and decision makers to 539 better protect our groundwater resources.

16 https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/gw 17 https://ca.water.usgs.gov/gama/

LSCE TEAM 2-21 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

540 2.2.3.5. DWR Groundwater Quality Monitoring

541 DWR maintains a variety of databases that contain hydrologic data for the State of California, including 542 the Water Data Library (WDL), the Water Data Information System (WDIS), SGMA Data Viewer and the 543 WellMA database. For the Solano Subbasin, the WDL consists of water level measurements (1931 to 544 present) and the WDIS consists of water quality results (1950 to present). DWR administers the CASGEM 545 program, discussed in Section 2.2.2.2, to regularly and systematically collect and report groundwater 546 data to determine seasonal and long-term trends in California’s groundwater basins and subbasins. 547 Although groundwater level monitoring is the main focus of the CASGEM program, groundwater quality 548 data are periodically collected from CASGEM wells and reported to the WDL. To access the WDL, visit 549 DWR’s WDL website18.

550 2.2.4. Surface Water Stage and Flow Monitoring 551 Since 2015, surface water stage and flow have been monitored at 26 sites in the Solano Subbasin 552 (Figure 2-8). These sites include five sites where surface water quality data are monitored. Monitoring is 553 conducted by the USGS at 22 stream gauges that have been in operation since the mid-twentieth 554 century. The DWR collects stream stage or streamflow data at 4 sites. Table 2-3 summarizes the recent 555 and historical surface water monitoring sites in the Plan area.

18 https://wdl.water.ca.gov/

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557 Table 2-3: Surface Water Monitoring Sites in Plan Area by Monitoring Entity

Well Count

Monitoring Agency/Program Historical Recent California Department of Water Resources - 4 U.S. Geological Survey 6 16

558 2.2.4.1. USGS Stream Monitoring Network

559 Historically, the USGS has maintained 22 stream monitoring stations within the Plan area, with data 560 spanning from 1994 to present. Monitoring includes stream flow monitoring at all 22 sites, accompanied 561 by surface water quality monitoring at 2 of the sites. Currently, the USGS maintains stream monitoring 562 at 16 sites. Data are available on the National Streamflow Information Program (NSIP) webpage19.

563 2.2.5. Surface Water Diversion Monitoring 564 Surface water rights and diversions in the Solano Subbasin are reported to the SWRCB Electronic Water 565 Rights Information Management System (eWRIMS) annually. eWRIMS contains information on 566 Statements of Water Diversion and Use that have been filed by water diverters, as well as registrations, 567 certificates, and water right permits and licenses that have been issued by the SWRCB and its 568 predecessors. The eWRIMS Report Management System (RMS) is used by water right holders to submit 569 reports required as a result of their diversion and use of water. eWRIMS provides information regarding 570 California’s water rights and has made the data accessible through tabular database and through 571 Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping. Figure 2-9 shows the location of surface water diversions 572 within the Plan area that are reported to the eWRIMS database. All public users or stakeholders have 573 access to eWRIMS data and can download information from the SWRCB eWRIMS webpage20.Error! 574 Hyperlink reference not valid.

575 In addition to diversion monitoring, DWR administers the Watermaster Program for the state of 576 California, in which the program ensures water is allocated to the established water rights determined 577 by court adjudications. In 2009 as part of the Delta Reform Act the Delta Watermaster Program was 578 created to help in water diversions, enforcement of water rights, and water supply issues.

579 2.2.6. Land Subsidence Monitoring 580 High-resolution land surface elevation data are available in the Subbasin at benchmarks established 581 through the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) and in the Subbasin and four UNAVCO continuous global 582 positioning system stations.

583

19 https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/sw 20 https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterrights/water_issues/programs/ewrims/

LSCE TEAM 2-24 UV275 UV113 hip Channel 80 rS Davis ¨¦§ te a

Creek W utah P p

Winters e

r 160 128 505 e UV UV v ¨¦§ i

Mace Blvd R Puta Stevenson Bridge Rd h o S Tremont Rd t o u Sievers Rd n Sacramento t e h m

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PedrickRd c n

a a l S Yolo County 5 Dixon Ave Dixon S ¨¦§

w 113 BulkleyRd e UV a n y Midway Rd Cr 84 Clarksburg eek UV

80 Al ¨¦§ a r mo C e re v ek i reek R tis C o la t U n Hawkins Rd e

LibertyIsland Rd m Swan Rd cra Vacaville Binghampton Rd Sa UV160 Napa County

UV113 Sacramento County h Ca out n a l h S ta C Pu a c h e S Fairfield lo u g Solano County h UV12 Walnut Grove UV84 h UV12 g u

o l

t r

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am R R UV113 Ste e UV160 n e 12 er m n UV u m

v l Sac i u ra R e l m e o k e n t k Rio o o Vista M M

Isleton h h rt t No u

Birds Landing S UV12

Montezuma Hills Rd

Explanation 160 San Joaquin UV inRiver u County Diversion Point er q iv a R o

o J Solano Subbasin nt me n Sa ra a c S Data sources: ESRI - waterways, transportation, counties, cities Ol Diversions - eWRIMS UV84 d DWR - subbasin boundaries R USGS - DEM/hillshade Bethel iv Coordinate system: e Contra Island r NAD 1983 California (Teale) AlbersCosta Antioch 0 1 2 3 4 UV4 UV242 CountyMiles ´

X:\2018\18-037Concord Solano Subbasin GSP\GIS\Report Map Figures\GSP\Figure 2.8 Surface Water Diversion Pointsl.mxd

Points of Diversion Figure 2-9 Team Groundwater Sustainability Plan Solano Subbasin DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

585 2.2.6.1. National Geodetic Survey Network

586 There are 19 NGS benchmarks in the Subbasin are located throughout the Subbasin concentrated near 587 highways. Monitoring at the stations range from 1951-2015 (Section 3). To access mapping and data 588 collected from the NGS sites, visit the NOAA NGS data explorer webpage21.

589 2.2.6.2. UNAVCO GNSS/GPS Network

590 Several UNAVCO continuous global positioning system (cGPS) stations, located inside and outside of the 591 Plan area, record continuous measurements in vertical displacement. These stations have been 592 recording vertical displacement beginning in 2004. Information from this monitoring can support 593 monitoring of land subsidence resulting from extraction of groundwater. Four UNAVCO cGPS stations 594 are located within the Plan area; two of these (P266 and P267) were installed in area where currently no 595 groundwater monitoring sites are active as part of a DWR Local Groundwater Assistance Grant. To 596 access a map and data collected from the UNAVCO cGPS sites, visit the UNAVCO station monitoring 597 webpage22.

598 2.2.6.3. Remote/Satellite Monitoring

599 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar 600 In addition to periodic monitoring of the NGS benchmarks, the USGS monitors changes in land surface 601 elevation using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data collected by the European Space 602 Agency (ESA) Sentinel-1A satellite and processes by TRE ALTAMIRA Inc. (TRE), under contract with DWR 603 as part of DWR’s SGMA technical assistance for GSP implementation. Data provided from TRE ALTAMIRA 604 are delivered as point data and GIS rasters interpolated from point data to display the total vertical 605 displacement relative to June 2015 and annual vertical displacement rates at monthly timesteps. 606 Subsidence data have been tested for positional and vertical accuracy, revealing a vertical accuracy of 607 16 mm at 95% confidence level. Land surface elevation data from both the NGS and TRE provide reliable 608 sources of monitoring that are within the Plan area boundaries. For more information regarding TRE 609 InSAR subsidence data, visit the CNRA dataset webpage23.

610 2.2.7. Habitat/Biological Monitoring 611 The Lower Putah Creek Coordinating Committee (LPCCC) directs wildlife monitoring and enhancement 612 activities along lower Putah Creek, from the Putah Diversion Dam to the Yolo Bypass. The LPCCC 613 includes representatives from public agencies located adjacent to lower Putah Creek, Putah Creek 614 Council, Solano Project water users, and SCWA. SCWA supplies annual funding for LPCCC monitoring 615 efforts focused on wildlife living in and around lower Putah Creek as well as native fish in lower Putah 616 Creek. The LPCCC also monitors implementation of the Putah Creek Settlement Agreement and oversees

21 https://geodesy.noaa.gov/NGSDataExplorer/ 22 https://www.unavco.org/instrumentation/networks/status/all/realtime 23 https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/tre-altamira-insar-subsidence

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617 the Putah Creek Streamkeeper, whose responsibilities include monitoring and reporting streamflow and 618 diversions along lower Putah Creek (Putah Creek Water Cases, 2002).

619 Wildlife and habitat monitoring efforts throughout Solano County, including the majority of the Solano 620 Subbasin are coordinated through the Solano County Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP). The purpose of 621 the Solano HCP is to ”promote the conservation of biological diversity and the preservation of 622 endangered species and their habitats consistent with the recognition of private property rights; provide 623 for a healthy economic environment for citizens, agriculture, and industries; and allow for ongoing 624 maintenance and operation of public and private facilities in Solano County.” The Solano HCP specifically 625 addresses 37 species found in Solano County that are listed as endangered or threatened under the 626 state or federal endangered species acts or identified as species of special concern by the California 627 Department of Fish and Wildlife or California Native Plant Society (LSA, 2012).

628 The HCP includes a Monitoring and Adaptive Management Program with the following goals:

629  “To preserve, protect, and enhance natural communities in the Solano HCP reserve system for 630 the benefit of 37 Covered Species, Special Management Species, and other native plants and 631 animals.

632  Minimize the uncertainty associated with managing Covered Species and natural communities 633 where there are gaps in the available scientific information on their biological requirements.

634  Incorporate new information on the life history or ecology of Covered Species, Special 635 Management Species, and natural communities generated through continuing research” 636 (LSA, 2012).

637 In addition, agencies including Solano County, SCWA, Reclamation District 2068, California Department 638 of Water Resources, and Sacramento Area Flood Control Agency began development of a Cache Slough 639 Complex Habitat Conservation Plan in 2020, with final approval planned to occur in 2022 (County of 640 Solano, 2020).

641 2.2.8. Management Programs 642 2.2.8.1. State Water Use Efficiency Program

643 California Irrigation Management Information System (CIMIS) 644 CIMIS is a network of automated weather stations that are owned and operated cooperatively between 645 DWR and local agencies. The stations are installed in most of the agricultural and urban areas in the 646 State and provide farm and large landscape irrigation managers and researchers with “real-time” 647 weather data to estimate crop and landscape evapotranspiration (ET) rates and make irrigation 648 management decisions (DWR, 2009). There are five CIMIS stations overlying the Solano Subbasin, three 649 in Solano County and two in Sacramento County.

LSCE TEAM 2-27 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

650 Land and Water Use Program 651 The DWR Land and Water Use Program conducts land use and water use data collection activities in 652 support of statewide water planning. This Program includes:

653  Land use surveys24 for primarily agricultural land, including crops, irrigation methods, and water 654 sources. Some urban and native vegetation data are also collected.

655  Public water system statistics surveys25 which are conducted annually of California public water 656 agencies for number of connections and metered deliveries by customer class, water 657 production, and sustainability actions.

658  Statewide irrigation methods surveys26 conducted about every 10 years on what types of 659 irrigation systems are being used by California growers, as well as the county in which they 660 farmed and acreages planted for 20 crop categories.

661  Agricultural land and water use estimates27 annually for irrigated crop acreages, crop and 662 applied water evapotranspiration, effective precipitation, and applied water for 20 crop 663 categories.

664  Agricultural water use models28, such as Consumptive Use Program PLUS (CUP+), Simulation of 665 Evapotranspiration of Applied Water (SIMETAW), and California Simulation of 666 Evapotranspiration of Applied Water (Cal-SIMETAW).

667  California Seasonal Application Efficiency Program29 which is a Microsoft Excel application used 668 to assess the efficiency of irrigation application in California and identify possible improvements. 669 This program uses the statewide irrigation methods survey data as well as theoretical 670 application efficiency values.

671 2.2.8.2. Groundwater Management Plans

672 Agencies overlying the groundwater basin have a history of collaboration and joint planning and 673 management. Four local agencies, including the City of Vacaville, SID, Maine Prairie Water District 674 (MPWD), and RD 2068, each adopted groundwater management plans prior to the 2003 California 675 Water Code (CWC) amendments as a result of SB 1938 (Machado). In 2004 and 2005, SCWA facilitated a 676 coordinated effort among these agencies directed toward updates of these plans such that the plans

24 https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-Efficiency/Land-And-Water-Use/Land-Use-Surveys 25 https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-Efficiency/Land-And-Water-Use/Public-Water-Systems- Statistics-Surveys 26 https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-Efficiency/Land-And-Water-Use/Statewide-Irrigation-Systems- Methods-Surveys 27 https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-Efficiency/Land-And-Water-Use/Agricultural-Land-And-Water- Use-Estimates 28 https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-Efficiency/Land-And-Water-Use/Agricultural-Water-Use-Models 29 https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-Efficiency/Land-And-Water-Use/Seasonal-Application-Efficiency

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677 would comply with the amended CWC and also accomplish consistency among the plans to achieve 678 basin management objectives [West Yost, 2006] (LSCE, 2011).

679 Although this GSP supersedes the Groundwater Management Plans previously prepared by agencies 680 overlying the Solano Subbasin, the activities that have been conducted as a result of Groundwater 681 Management Plan implementation have supported sustainable groundwater management.

682 Solano Water Authority GWMP 683 The Solano Water Authority (SWA) is a joint powers authority formed in 1987 with the same 684 membership as SCWA. The SWA conducts its work through project agreements; one of these projects, 685 the Coordinated Groundwater Data Analysis Project or SWA-4, is responsible for groundwater data 686 management in northern Solano County. Beginning in 1995, SWA prepared periodic reports to 687 summarize the compiled data and describe historical and current groundwater conditions. Within the 688 Plan Area, participants in this project include the cities of Vacaville, Dixon, and Rio Vista as well as SID, 689 MPWD, RD 2068, SCWA, and Solano County (LSCE, 2011). Outside the Plan Area Boundary, the cities of 690 Benicia, Fairfield, Suisun City, and Vallejo are also participants in SWA-4. Since 2009, the Solano County 691 Water Agency has prepared reports to summarize historical and current groundwater conditions.

692 Solano County Water Agency GWMP 693 To further collective groundwater management, in 2004, SCWA, in a joint effort to upgrade GWMPs to 694 SB 1938 standards, prepared a report that examined all existing (at that time) GWMPs (LSCE, 2011). 695 After meetings and consultations with the participating agencies (RD 2068, Solano Irrigation District, 696 MPWD and the City of Vacaville), common Basin Management Objectives were recommended and 697 information to be utilized by each agency to update their GWMPs was provided. The goal of this effort 698 was to coordinate groundwater basin management among the above entities and to reflect this 699 cooperation and consistency between planning documents. This report was the foundation for 700 preparing GWMP updates for the RD 2068, Solano Irrigation District and City of Vacaville GWMPs. 701 Examination of the GWMPs showed that they had common Basin Management Objectives.

702 SCWA funded the installation of four deep (over 2000 feet) nested monitoring wells and two subsidence 703 monitoring stations in the Solano Subbasin to significantly increase the knowledge about the geology of 704 the groundwater basin and provide more information to current groundwater users and provide 705 information leading to conjunctive use projects.

706 Reclamation District 2068 GWMP 707 At the time RD 2068 prepared their 2005 GWMP (West Yost, 2005), it was not a groundwater user; 708 therefore, implementation measures in the GWMP consisted mostly of monitoring regional 709 groundwater levels, water quality, and subsidence. RD 2068 has performed monitoring as described in 710 the GWMP. The GWMP recommended completion of a conjunctive use study and sought funding for a 711 full-scale pilot test of conjunctive use. RD 2068 completed the conjunctive use study (funded by a 712 previous AB 303 Grant) and published the report “Reclamation District 2068 Conjunctive Use Feasibility 713 Study” dated January 31, 2006. RD 2068 continues to participate with other agencies (through the

LSCE TEAM 2-29 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

714 Solano Water Authority and SCWA groundwater activities) overlying the groundwater basin to 715 collectively monitor and report groundwater levels and coordinate groundwater basin management. RD 716 2068 is part of the multi-agency Solano GSA.

717 Solano Irrigation District (SID) GWMP 718 SID owns approximately 75 wells throughout the District (not all in the Solano Subbasin). SID, which 719 formed a single agency GSA, is a major user of groundwater from the Solano Subbasin (see Section 4). 720 SID uses groundwater for both agricultural and municipal purposes. Implementation measures in the 721 SID 2006 GWMP Update (Summers Engineering, 2006) consisted mostly of monitoring groundwater 722 levels, managing groundwater extraction and monitoring water quality. SID has performed monitoring 723 as described in the GWMP. SID continues to participate with other agencies (through the Solano Water 724 Authority and SCWA groundwater activities) overlying the groundwater basin to collectively monitor and 725 report groundwater levels and coordinate groundwater basin management.

726 City of Vacaville GWMP 727 Vacaville is a major user of groundwater from the Solano Subbasin (see Section 4). Implementation 728 measures in Vacaville’s 2011 GWMP Update (LSCE, 2011) consisted mostly of monitoring groundwater 729 levels, managing groundwater extraction, and monitoring water quality. Vacaville has performed 730 monitoring as described in the GWMP. Vacaville continues to participate with other agencies (through 731 the Solano Water Authority and SCWA groundwater activities) overlying the groundwater basin to 732 collectively monitor and report groundwater levels and coordinate groundwater basin management. 733 Vacaville installed deep nested monitoring wells in the northern part of the City to supplement SCWA’s 734 series of four new monitoring well sites. The City of Vacaville formed a single agency GSA.

735 Maine Prairie Water District GWMP 736 At the time MPWD prepared a GWMP (MPWD, 1997), it was not a groundwater user; therefore, 737 implementation measures in the GWMP consisted mostly of monitoring regional groundwater levels, 738 water quality, and subsidence. MPWD has performed monitoring as described in the GWMP. MPWD 739 continues to participate with other agencies (through the Solano Water Authority and SCWA 740 groundwater activities) overlying the groundwater basin to collectively monitor and report groundwater 741 levels and coordinate groundwater basin management. MPWD is part of the multi-agency Solano GSA.

742 2.2.8.3. Urban Water Management Plans

743 Urban water suppliers (with more than 3,000 service connections or delivering more than 3,000 AFY) are 744 required by DWR to prepare Urban Water Management Plans (UWMPs) every five years, the most 745 recent ones submitted in 2021. UWMPs are required to document water supply reliability information, 746 including: hydrology and groundwater conditions; implications of local, state and federal regulations; 747 water supply and demand conditions and projections; and other issues pertinent to each urban water

LSCE TEAM 2-30 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

748 supplier that may impact water supply management. There are five urban water suppliers with service 749 areas overlying the Solano Subbasin:

750  California Water Service Company 751  City of Rio Vista 752  City of Vacaville 753  Solano County Water Agency 754  Suisun Solano Water Authority (a joint powers authority formed by the City of Suisun City and 755 Solano Irrigation District)

756 UWMPs document water suppliers’ population, water supply, and demand conditions and future 757 assumptions, which were used in the development of the water budget for the Solano Subbasin, as 758 documented in Sections 4 and 5.

759 2.2.8.4. Agricultural Water Management Plans

760 Agricultural water suppliers serving over 25,000 irrigated acres are required by DWR to prepare 761 Agricultural Water Management Plans (AWMPs) every five years, the most recent ones submitted in 762 2021. AWMPs are required to report on water supply conditions, prepare a water supply and demand 763 balance, identify water management objectives, document a quantification of water use efficiency, a 764 drought preparedness plan, and other issues impacting water supply management. There are four 765 agricultural water suppliers that overlie the Solano Subbasin:

766  Maine Prairie Water District 767  RD 2068 768  Solano Irrigation District 769  Yolo County Flood Control and Water Conservation District

770 Like UWMPs, the information documented in AWMPs is used in the development of the water budget 771 for the Solano Subbasin, described in Sections 4 and 5.

772 2.2.8.5. Integrated Regional Water Management Planning

773 Integrated Regional Water Management Plans (IRWM Plans) were first developed in response to the 774 2002 Regional Water Management Plan Act (SB 1672) and subsequent bond acts to promote integrated, 775 multi-benefit regional projects. To obtain funding for projects, agencies must collaborate with others 776 within the watershed to develop, adopt, and update IRWM Plans that identify water management issues 777 and strategies to address these issues, considering regional self-reliance, multi-agency cooperation, and 778 social, environmental, and economic equity (DWR).

779 The Westside Integrated Regional Water Management Plan (Kennedy Jenks, 2019) which supersedes the 780 SCWA IRWM Plan (SCWA, 2005), defines a clear vision for the management of water resources in the 781 Westside Sacramento Region and highlights important actions needed to help accomplish that vision 782 through the year 2040. The Westside IRWM Plan was developed in conjunction with water supply, land 783 use management, flood management, and ecosystem-focused organizations in order to prioritize and

LSCE TEAM 2-31 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

784 goals, objective, and management strategies to develop a collective view of water management 785 throughout the Westside Region. The overlap between the Solano Subbasin and the Westside IRWM 786 Plan falls entirely within the Valley Floor Planning Area (PA), which accounts for 95% of the water use 787 within the Westside Region.

788 The Westside Sacramento Regional Water Management Group (RWMG), which implements the 789 Westside IRWM Plan, holds bi-monthly collaboration meetings, discussing projects and activities to 790 address the goals and objectives laid out in the Westside IRWM Plan. In addition to Solano Collaborative 791 meetings and activities, the RWMG meetings can also serve as another venue to discuss implementation 792 of the Solano GSP as well as projects and issues relevant to the Solano Subbasin.

793 2.2.8.6. Plans used in GSP (TBD)

794 To be updated

795 2.2.9. Surface Water Programs 796 For decades, surface water has been a very important part of water resources management in the 797 Solano Subbasin. Sources of surface water include the Solano Project and the State Water Project.

798 2.2.9.1. Solano Project

799 In 1957, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) completed the Solano Project on Putah Creek to 800 increase Solano County’s water supply and relieve pressure on groundwater resources (Kennedy Jenks, 801 2019). This project features the Monticello Dam, which created Lake Berryessa. Releases from the dam 802 flow downstream to Lake Solano, created by the Putah Diversion Dam. The Putah Diversion Dam 803 provides regulation for releases to the lower portion of Putah Creek and supports diversions to the 804 Putah South Canal, which transports agricultural and municipal water supplies to much of Solano 805 County.

806 Diversions from Lake Berryessa include those for municipal, industrial, and irrigation water supply. Lake 807 Berryessa is also used for flood control and water-based recreation and is also habitat to native plants 808 like the sergeant cypress and white alder and animals such as mountain lions, black-tailed deer, western 809 rattlesnakes, raccoons, and golden eagles.

810 2.2.9.2. State Water Project

811 The State Water Project (SWP) has rights to water originating from the Sacramento and San Joaquin 812 Rivers, and it stores water in Lake Oroville (on the Feather River). The SWP provides water to SCWA 813 through the North Bay Aqueduct (NBA). In turn, SCWA provides water under contract to Vacaville, Rio 814 Vista and Dixon; however, additional facilities need to be constructed for Rio Vista or Dixon to receive 815 the water. SCWA’s contract with DWR includes a maximum allocation of 47,756 acre-feet per year (AFY), 816 known as Table A water (Kennedy Jenks, 2016). Supplemental SWP water, “Advanced Table A” (ATA),

LSCE TEAM 2-32 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

817 under specific conditions, is available to SCWA under specific conditions. Additional supplemental water, 818 Settlement Water (SW), is also available from year-to-year with some restrictions.

819 2.2.9.3. Other Supplies

820 In the eastern Delta part of Solano County, many growers divert directly from local waterways. Growers 821 hold riparian rights (water rights that derive from land ownership) or appropriative rights (SCWA, 2005). 822 Records do not exist to quantify the amount of this water use. These supplies are very reliable because 823 water is always available in this part of the Delta.

824 In addition to surface water and local groundwater supplies, SID reuses tailwater and canal spillage from 825 the drains and is receptive to the reuse of municipal and industrial effluent (Davids Engineering, 2016).

826 2.2.9.4. Conjunctive Use Programs (§354.8e)

827 The Westside IRWM Plan identified conjunctive use as a means to meet the Plan’s goals of providing 828 100% reliability of municipal and industrial water supplies and of providing agricultural water supplies to 829 support a robust agricultural industry. Furthermore, several entities in the Solano Subbasin, including 830 the City of Vacaville and Solano Irrigation, have used surface water and groundwater conjunctively for 831 decades. There are opportunities to expand these programs in the future and increase the use of 832 recycled water to meet existing and projected demands. RD 2068 also completed a conjunctive use 833 study and has published the report “Reclamation District 2068 Conjunctive Use Feasibility Study” dated 834 January 31, 2006.

835 2.2.9.5. Operational Flexibility Limitations

836 The availability of Solano Project and State Water Project supply for use within the Solano Subbasin is 837 dependent on hydrologic factors as well as agreements with State and Federal Agencies.

838 Solano Project 839 The Lake Berryessa storage capacity allows Solano Project water users the ability to store and carryover 840 440% of the project’s average annual yield. The annual contractual entitlements of Solano Project water 841 users are 207,350 acre-feet. The remaining inflow covers the reservoir evaporation losses and 842 downstream flow requirements. Since construction of the Solano Project, the 1987–1992 California 843 Drought has had the greatest impact on Solano Project water supplies. The cumulative Putah Creek 844 runoff into Lake Berryessa during the six-year 1987-92 period was approximately 800,000 acre-feet. 845 However, due to the large storage capacity in Lake Berryessa, mandatory curtailments in contractual 846 entitlements did not begin until 1992, the sixth year of the drought.

LSCE TEAM 2-33 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

847 State Water Project 848 The State Water Project supply is available with the following conditions:

849  The amount of water that is allocated and delivered by the SWP to each contractor during a year 850 under SWP contract is determined annually by DWR. Table A amounts determine the maximum 851 amount of water a contractor may request in any year from DWR. SWP allocations are based on 852 CALSIM modeling runs that take into consideration SWP storage in Oroville and San Luis 853 reservoirs, “South of Delta” (SOD) Contractor demand, hydrology, operational requirements, 854 and regulatory constraints. The allocation is typically reported as a percentage of maximum 855 Table A amounts and is finalized by May 1 of the current year.

856  As a result of the North of Delta Settlement (December 31, 2013), DWR issues a separate SWP 857 annual allocation for SCWA, Napa, and Yuba City (“the North of Delta (NOD) Contractors”), 858 defined as the NOD Allocation. The NOD Allocation cannot exceed the Annual Table A amounts. 859 The NOD Allocation amounts to an additional increment of annual allocation above the current 860 SWP Allocation described above. The other SOD contractors receive the baseline SWP 861 allocation. If Delta regulations change in the future, the NOD Allocation may be affected 862 commensurately.

863  Settlement Water (SW) is additional non-project water provided by a settlement agreement 864 (executed May 19, 2003) among DWR, SCWA, and the cities of Fairfield, Vacaville, and Benicia. 865 The agreement provides for delivery of up to 31,620 AFY of SW to SCWA for delivery through 866 the NBA to the three cities to help meet their current and future municipal and industrial water 867 needs. SW is not available when the Standard Water Right Term 91 is in effect. The Settlement 868 expires December 31, 2035 with the option to renew.

869  Term 91 is declared by the SWRCB when it is determined that the SWP and CVP are releasing 870 stored water into the Delta in excess of natural flow (“natural” flow is the flow that would have 871 been present if the dams did not exist) to meet in-Delta demands and Delta water standards 872 (Kennedy Jenks, 2016).

873 2.3. Land Use Elements or Topic Categories of Applicable General Plans 874 (§ 354.8a and f) 875 Land use areas in the Solano Subbasin are broadly classified across three sectors: agricultural, urban, 876 and native vegetation. The urban land use concentrated around Vacaville, Rio Vista, Dixon, Walnut 877 Grove, and Isleton. Current land use in the Solano Subbasin is depicted on Figure 2-10 and Figure 2-11.

LSCE TEAM 2-34 UV84 UV275 UV113 hip Channel 80 rS 505 Davis §¨¦ te §¨¦ a reek W Puta h C p

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Data sources: Old UV84 R ESRI - waterways, transportation, counties, cities i v DWR - subbasin boundaries, e Bethel r DWR Well Completion Report Database (DWR, 2019). Contra Land Use- https://nassgeodata.gmu.edu/CropScape/ UV4 Island USGS - DEM/hillshade Costa Coordinate system: County NAD§¨¦680 1983 CaliforniaUV242 (Teale) Albers Antioch UV4 01234Concord Miles ´ UV24 X:\2018\18-037 Solano Subbasin GSP\GIS\Report Map Figures\GSP\Figure 2.3a Land Use – 2016 (USDA).mxd

Land Use – 2016 (USDA) Figure 2-10 Team Groundwater Sustainability Plan Solano Subbasin UV84 UV275 UV113 hip Channel 80 rS 505 Davis ¨¦§ te ¨¦§ a reek W Puta h C p

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l u l Field Crops e e k k Rio o o Citrus and Subtropical M Vista M h Isleton t h Deciduous Fruits and Nuts or t N u

Vineyard Birds Landing S 12 Young Perennial UV Idel Montezuma Hills Rd Riparian Vegetation UV160 Ri Urban in ver r u ve q San Joaquin Ri a Unclassified o o t J County en am n Solano Subbasin Sa cr a S Data sources: Old ESRI - waterways, transportation, counties, cities UV84 R DWR - subbasin boundaries, i v DWR Well Completion Report Database (DWR, 2019). e Bethel r Land Use- https://gis.water.ca.gov/app/ Contra Island CADWRLandUseViewer/ UV4 Costa USGS - DEM/hillshade Coordinate system: UV242 County NAD¨¦§680 1983 California (Teale) Albers Antioch UV4 01234Concord Miles ´ UV24 X:\2018\18-037 Solano Subbasin GSP\GIS\Report Map Figures\GSP\Figure 2.9b Land Use – 2016 (DWR).mxd

Land Use – 2016 (DWR) Figure 2-11 Team Groundwater Sustainability Plan Solano Subbasin DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

880 2.3.1. Summary of General Plans and Other Land Use Plans 881 The Solano Subbasin lies primarily within the boundaries of Solano County, with small areas falling in 882 Sacramento and Yolo Counties 30. The Solano Subbasin falls within the jurisdiction of several General 883 Plans including Solano County, Cities of Vacaville, Rio Vista, Dixon and the communities of Walnut Grove 884 and Isleton in Sacramento County as well as a small portion of Yolo County.

885 2.3.1.1. City of Dixon General Plan

886 The City of Dixon is in Solano County with a population of 19,794 as of the 2019 Census and an area of 887 4,547 acres or 7.1 square miles according to the 2009 Solano County General Plan. The City of Dixon 888 General Plan was adopted in December 1993 and serves the Dixon Planning Area. This includes the 889 Dixon City Limits as well as the Dixon Sphere of Influence (SOI), which encompasses both incorporated 890 and unincorporated areas. Urban services and the Dixon City limits are expected to expand to the 891 Sphere of Influence Boundary as the City of Dixon grows. As the City continues to grow, urban 892 development is to occur only within the incorporated portion of the Planning Area. Unincorporated 893 sections of the Planning Area are to remain rural and agricultural.

894 The City of Dixon lies within the Sacramento Valley and sources its water from groundwater from the 895 Tehama formation. Some groundwater recharge occurs via a series of four drainage ponds. Future 896 growth in the City of Dixon will increase dependence on the regional groundwater.

897 2.3.1.2. City of Isleton General Plan

898 The City of Isleton has a population of 871 as of the 2019 Census. The General Plan for the City was 899 adopted in 2000 and covers a planning period through 2020. The Isleton Planning Area includes the 900 Isleton SOI and the Urban Reserve. The SOI includes the City limits, which extend to the center of the 901 Sacramento River. Within the City limits (235 acres total), about half of the land is considered 902 developed. This includes primarily single family residential, service commercial, parks and open space, 903 and streets. At the time of adoption of the General Plan, approximately 27% of the land within the City 904 limits was considered vacant. The City of Isleton has enough land to accommodate a population of 905 approximately 1,700. However, since 1990, population in Isleton has continued to decline. Most of the 906 land within the City limits has been slated for low-density development, predominately single-family 907 housing and other residential land usage.

908 The City of Isleton Planning Area relies on groundwater for its water source. As of 2000, wells and 909 storage systems had been recently improved to expand the capacity of the City and service new 910 development. Though located along the Sacramento River and the Georgiana Slough, neither are used 911 as water sources for the City. Additionally, urban development in the City of Isleton is constrained by 912 limited flood protection for large flood events.

30 The Solano Subbasin is 354,343 acres. Solano County makes up 279,262 acres, Sacramento County 71,855 and Yolo County 3,228 acres, respectively.

LSCE TEAM 2-37 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

913 2.3.1.3. City of Rio Vista General Plan

914 The City of Rio Vista is in Solano County with a population of 9,416. The General Plan for the City was 915 adopted in 2001 and covers a planning period through 2020. The City of Rio Vista is a small, waterfront 916 town on the west bank of the Sacramento River. The Planning Area includes 4,800 acres or 7.5 square 917 miles of incorporated land and an additional 6,455 or 10.1 square miles acres of unincorporated land 918 still included in the SOI. The General Plan projects urbanization of the incorporated land. The 919 unincorporated land is expected to remain devoted to agricultural use and natural gas production, 920 though the land may be considered for annexation in the future.

921 The City’s water system consists of twelve groundwater wells, with supplemental water coming from 922 surface water sources including the Sacramento River and the North Bay Aqueduct. As the City of Rio 923 Vista grows, it is likely that the City will exchange rights to the North Bay Aqueduct for additional 924 Sacramento River water. The present issues that the City experiences are related to distribution, as most 925 of the higher-capacity wells are located north of Highway 12, with only one 8-inch line crossing Highway 926 12 to provide water to the south. As the City of Rio Vista continues to grow, distribution issues will 927 continue to persist if they are not addressed. However, it is expected that the aquifer itself has capacity 928 for future growth.

929 2.3.1.4. City of Vacaville General Plan

930 The City of Vacaville is in Solano County with a population of 98,807 as of the 2019 Census and an area 931 of 18,310 acres or 28.61 square miles according to the 2008 Solano County General Plan. It is located 932 about 27 miles southwest of Sacramento and 46 miles northeast of San Francisco. The City of Vacaville 933 General Plan encompasses four delineated areas:

934  Sphere of Influence (SOI): Land that the City may annex in the future or provide urban services 935 to (i.e., the City’s probable future boundary and service area). The current SOI is 35 square 936 miles. 937  Urban Growth Boundary (UGB): 36 square miles adopted by the City Council by vote. The UGB 938 indicates the maximum extent of urbanization. Beyond the UGB, only agricultural or open space 939 uses are permitted. 940  Urban Service Area Boundary: Result of the 1995 Master Water Agreement between the City of 941 Vacaville and the SID that commits the City and the SID to accommodate and support urban 942 development within the Urban Service Area Boundary. Additionally, it allocates the land outside 943 of the boundary to strictly agricultural development as a part of the SID’s agricultural service 944 area. 945  Planning Area: The 98 square miles encompassing the Vacaville City Limits, SOI, and UGB.

946 The existing land use in the Planning Area is primarily residential (6,120 acres or 9.56 square miles). The 947 remaining non-residential space is allocated mainly to agricultural, public, and public open space uses. 948 The future development projected in the General Plan slates 8,430 acres or 13.17 square miles for

LSCE TEAM 2-38 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

949 residential use. The remaining future land use is expected to be primarily public open space, hillside 950 agriculture, public/institutional, and business park (6,700 acres or 10.47 acres).

951 The City of Vacaville’s water supply comes from both surface water and groundwater sources. Currently, 952 approximately 70% of the City’s water use is residential, 10% is commercial/industrial, and 10% is for 953 irrigation. The City owns and operates twelve municipal groundwater wells and is implementing a 954 regional program to monitor usage and protect against groundwater depletion and contamination. 955 Groundwater recharge in Vacaville occurs via precipitation, infiltration, subsurface inflow, and deep 956 percolation of irrigation water.

957 2.3.1.5. Sacramento County General Plan for Walnut Grove Special Planning Area

958 The community of Walnut Grove is an unincorporated town in Sacramento County and subject to the 959 Sacramento County General Plan. Its location on the Sacramento River Delta gives Walnut Grove its 960 historic significance. Current land use in Walnut Grove is mostly commercial and older housing, with 961 limited urban infrastructure. Projected growth in Walnut Grove is subject to the limitations of sewage 962 disposal facilities and flood protection, as designated in the Sacramento County General Plan. This 963 General Plan and the 2017 Specific Planning Area zoning document further specifies that expansion of 964 urban development in Walnut Grove should be in support of the agriculturally and recreationally based 965 economy. Sacramento County is jointly dependent on both surface water from four rivers, numerous 966 streams, and the Sacramento River delta, as well as an extensive groundwater basin.

967 2.3.1.6. Solano County General Plan

968 Chapter 2 of the Solano County General Plan (Solano Land Trust, 2008) outlines land use projections in 969 Solano County through 2030 and the necessary allocation and conservation of resources to meet their 970 land use goals. The Solano County General Plan was adopted in 2008 and guides development and 971 conservation in unincorporated Solano County. In the overlap between the Solano Subbasin and Solano 972 County, the Solano County General Plan projects growth in residential designated land use in the Cities 973 of Rio Vista, Vacaville, and Dixon. There is also projected residential growth in the Cities of Fairfield and 974 Suisun City, in the adjacent subbasin to the east. Outside of these areas and aside from small pockets of 975 urban industrial development, most of the land in Solano County is to remain agricultural. Roughly 976 215,000 acres of agricultural land in Solano County are enrolled in the Williamson Act, securing their 977 designation as agricultural. The Solano County General Plan supports agricultural activities that reduce 978 dependence on water through various planning tools and conservation techniques.

979 2.3.2. Relationship Between Land Use Plans and GSP Implementation 980 Proposed land use changes in the Solano County General Plan are accompanied by plans to protect and 981 improve water quality, preserve wetlands, and protect recharge areas. Chapter 4 of the Solano County 982 General Plan was developed to guide the protection of natural resources as the county develops, 983 including groundwater and surface water resources. According to the General Plan, the creation of 984 Monticello Dam and Lake Berryessa (also known as the Solano Project) in 1959 has allowed for the

LSCE TEAM 2-39 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

985 region to decrease dependence on groundwater. Since the completion of the Solano Project, 986 groundwater levels have stabilized. The Solano General Plan seeks to implement three strategies 987 (watershed protection, water quality preservation and improvement, and supply and demand 988 management) to continue the efforts of the Solano Project and ensure long-term sustainability of water 989 resources.

990 Implementation of the Solano Subbasin GSP will require the Solano Subbasin to operate within its 991 sustainable yield by 2042. Since Solano County relies on a mixed supply of surface water and 992 groundwater, limited groundwater usage will increase reliance on surface water. However, the Solano 993 General Plan also includes plans for watershed protection to facilitate the recharge capacity of natural 994 areas, which could lead to an increased groundwater supply and provide a larger margin for use of 995 groundwater resources.

996 2.3.3. Information regarding the implementation of land use plans outside the basin that could 997 affect the ability of the Agency to achieve sustainable groundwater management 998 The Solano Subbasin lies primarily within the Solano County boundary, with small areas extending into 999 Sacramento County and Yolo County. Therefore, land use plans that apply to the whole of the Solano, 1000 Sacramento, and Yolo Counties may also have jurisdiction overlying the Subbasin. These general plans 1001 are similar in scope as described above. As described in Section 2.5, the Solano Subbasin GSP is being 1002 developed with outreach to and coordination with stakeholders, beneficial users, and user groups 1003 including those with jurisdiction over land use over the three counties overlying the Solano Subbasin. 1004 Therefore, the development, maintenance, and implementation of the Solano Subbasin GSP will be 1005 conducted in alignment with these land use agencies and their plans to achieve sustainable groundwater 1006 management.

1007 2.3.4. Summary of the Well Permitting Process 1008 Solano County requires a permit to construct repair, or destroy a water, monitoring, or cathodic 1009 protection well or soil boring. Completed permit applications are to be submitted to the Solano County 1010 Department of Environmental Management (Environmental Health Division) and must include contact 1011 information of the applicant, drilling contractor, and consultant (if any), the type of work being 1012 performed, location of well site, plot plans (with property lines, sewage systems, applicable floodplains 1013 and water bodies, existing wells, access roads and easements, existing and proposed structures, animal 1014 enclosures, and storage tanks), and the permit fee. If the project is complete and in compliance with 1015 California Well Standards (DWR) and Chapter 13.10 of the Solano County Code (Solano County), a permit 1016 will be issued. Sacramento County and Yolo County follow a similar permitting process, and wells must 1017 be compliant to their respective county standards as well as California state well standards. The location 1018 of existing wells and the well density of the Plan Area is depicted in Figure 2-12, Figure 2-13, 1019 Figure 2-14, and Figure 2-15.

LSCE TEAM 2-40 UV84 UV275 UV113 hip Channel 80 rS 505 Davis ¨¦§ te ¨¦§ a reek W Puta h C p

Winters e D UV160 Lake r Berryessa UV128 e

Mace Mace Blvd Riv

Bridge Rd Putah Stevenson S o o Tremont Rd t n Sacramento u Sievers Rd t Yolo County e h m

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Birds Landing S No Wells UV12

< 5 Montezuma Hills Rd 6 - 10

11 - 25 160 UV inRiver r u 26 - 50 ve q San Joaquin Ri a o o 51 - 100 t J County en am n >100 Sa cr a S

Solano Subbasin Old UV84 R Data sources: i v ESRI - waterways, transportation, counties, cities e Bethel r DWR - subbasin boundaries, Contra DWR Well Completion Report Database (DWR, 2019). UV4 Island USGS - DEM/hillshade Costa Coordinate system: 242 County NAD¨¦§680 1983 CaliforniaUV (Teale) Albers Antioch UV4 01234Concord Miles ´ UV24 X:\2018\18-037 Solano Subbasin GSP\GIS\Report Map Figures\GSP\Figure 2.5 Map of Well Information by Section Number of Domestic Wells.mxd

Map of Well Information by Section: Number of Domestic Wells (from WCR data) Figure 2-2 Team Groundwater Sustainability Plan Solano Subbasin UV84 UV275 UV113 hip Channel 80 rS 505 Davis ¨¦§ te ¨¦§ a reek W Puta h C p

Winters e D UV160 Lake r Berryessa UV128 e

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UV113 al Can uth Sacramento So C Pu h a County t a c Solano County h e S lo

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UV12 Walnut Grove R 84 UV to h n UV12 g Sacra me u

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l u l e e k k Rio o o M Vista M Explanation h Isleton t h or t N u Number of o

Birds Landing S Agricultural Wells by UV12 Section Montezuma Hills Rd No Wells

1 - 2 160 UV inRiver r u 3 - 5 ve q San Joaquin Ri a o o 6 - 10 t J County en am n 11 - 15 Sa cr a S

Solano Subbasin Old UV84 R Data sources: i v ESRI - waterways, transportation, counties, cities e Bethel r DWR - subbasin boundaries, Contra DWR Well Completion Report Database (DWR, 2019). UV4 Island USGS - DEM/hillshade Costa Coordinate system: 242 County NAD¨¦§680 1983 CaliforniaUV (Teale) Albers Antioch UV4 01234Concord Miles ´ UV24 X:\2018\18-037 Solano Subbasin GSP\GIS\Report Map Figures\GSP\Figure 2.6 Map of Well Information by Section Number of Agricultural Wells (from WCR data).mxd

Map of Well Information by Section: Number of Agricultural Wells (from WCR data) Figure 2-3 Team Groundwater Sustainability Plan Solano Subbasin UV84 UV275 UV113 hip Channel 80 rS 505 Davis ¨¦§ te ¨¦§ a reek W Puta h C p

Winters e D UV160 Lake r Berryessa UV128 e

Mace Mace Blvd Riv

Bridge Rd Putah Stevenson S o o Tremont Rd t n Sacramento u Sievers Rd t Yolo County e h m

C 5 a § r ¨¦ a

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A r lam e o v Cree 80 i k ¨¦§ R o ek t tis Cre n a e Ul m Hawkins Rd a r Napa Liberty Island Rd c Swan Rd Sa County Vacaville Binghampton Rd UV160

UV113 al Can uth Sacramento So C Pu h a County t a c Solano County h e S lo

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Birds Landing S Explanation UV12 Montezuma Hills Rd Number of Industrial Wells by Section 160 UV inRiver No Wells r u ve q San Joaquin Ri a o o < 2 t J County en am n 3 - 5 Sa cr a S

Solano Subbasin Old UV84 R Data sources: i v ESRI - waterways, transportation, counties, cities e Bethel r DWR - subbasin boundaries, Contra DWR Well Completion Report Database (DWR, 2019). UV4 Island USGS - DEM/hillshade Costa Coordinate system: 242 County NAD¨¦§680 1983 CaliforniaUV (Teale) Albers Antioch UV4 01234Concord Miles ´ UV24 X:\2018\18-037 Solano Subbasin GSP\GIS\Report Map Figures\GSP\Figure 2.7 Map of Well Information by Section Number of Industrial Supply Wells (from WCR data).mxd

Map of Well Information by Section: Number of Industrial Supply Wells (from WCR data) Figure 2-4 Team Groundwater Sustainability Plan Solano Subbasin UV84 UV275 UV113 hip Channel 80 rS 505 Davis ¨¦§ te ¨¦§ a reek W Puta h C p

Winters e D UV160 Lake r Berryessa UV128 e

Mace Mace Blvd Riv

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C 5 a § r ¨¦ a

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a a

S l UV113

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w Rd Bulkley e a n y Midway Rd Cre 84 Clarksburg ek UV

A r lam e o v Cree 80 i k ¨¦§ R o ek t tis Cre n a e Ul m Hawkins Rd a r Napa Liberty Island Rd c Swan Rd Sa County Vacaville Binghampton Rd UV160

UV113 al Can uth Sacramento So C Pu h a County t a c Solano County h e S lo

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UV12 Walnut Grove R 84 UV to h n UV12 g Sacra me u

o l S

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l u l e e k k Rio o o M Vista M h Isleton t h or t N u

o Explanation Birds Landing S UV12

Number of Public Montezuma Hills Rd Supply Wells by Section 160 UV inRiver No Wells r u ve q San Joaquin Ri a o o < 2 t J County en am n 3 - 5 Sa cr a S

Solano Subbasin Old UV84 R Data sources: i v ESRI - waterways, transportation, counties, cities e Bethel r DWR - subbasin boundaries, Contra DWR Well Completion Report Database (DWR, 2019). UV4 Island USGS - DEM/hillshade Costa Coordinate system: 242 County NAD¨¦§680 1983 CaliforniaUV (Teale) Albers Antioch UV4 01234Concord Miles ´ UV24 X:\2018\18-037 Solano Subbasin GSP\GIS\Report Map Figures\GSP\Figure 2.8 Map of Well Information by Section Number of Public Supply Wells (from WCR data).mxd

Map of Well Information by Section: Number of Public Supply Wells (from WCR data) Figure 2-5 Team Groundwater Sustainability Plan Solano Subbasin DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

1024 2.4. Additional GSP Elements (§ 354.8 e and g) 1025 This GSP will build off the work already completed as part of previous Groundwater Management 1026 Planning efforts and implementation activities. The following topics were addressed in previous 1027 Groundwater Management Plans. Those topics applicable to the Solano Subbasin are identified and 1028 summarized in this Subsection.

1029 2.4.1. Control of saline water intrusion 1030 No evidence of saline water intrusion has been found in either the deeper wells used by the City of 1031 Vacaville or the shallow groundwater wells used by RD 2068 or MPWD.

1032 2.4.2. Wellhead protection 1033 The Solano County Department of Resources Management enforces the State well construction and 1034 destruction standards for the Solano Subbasin. Furthermore, the City of Vacaville uses the State Drinking 1035 Water Source Assessment Program for new and existing wells.

1036 2.4.3. Recharge Areas 1037 Recharge in the Solano Subbasin is discussed in Section 3 and the Hydrogeologic Conceptual Model and 1038 Groundwater Conditions Technical Memorandum (Appendix ----).

1039 2.4.4. Migration of contaminated groundwater 1040 Near the city of Dixon in the subbasin there is a consultation zone that requires approval with the 1041 RWQCB (Brusca Associates, 2020). The property known as the Dixon Business Park within the City of 1042 Dixon in Yolo County is a known Central Valley RWQCB groundwater plume investigation and monitoring 1043 site for nitrate contamination of groundwater (Figure 2-16). The Consultation Zone is an actively 1044 monitored regulated site that has been impacted by high levels of nitrate and TDS. The Consultation 1045 Zone limits construction of new drinking water suppliers to residential properties and requires review of 1046 permit applications for new well construction by the SWRCB DDW. The objective of the Monitoring and 1047 Reporting Plan for this property includes verifying the stability of the plume and data collection of plume 1048 attenuation. In the future, the Consultation Zone can be removed if it has been shown that the nitrate 1049 levels are no longer a risk. As of now, the RWQCB needs to be included in all aspects of 1050 permitting/design for wells in this area.

1051 2.4.5. Well construction, abandonment, and well destruction program: 1052 Solano County has an existing water well ordinance regulating the construction, reconstruction, 1053 destruction, and inactivation of water, cathodic protection, and monitoring wells within Solano County. 1054 The process for permitting well construction, repair, abandonment, or destruction is subject to 1055 permitting by the Environmental Health Division of the Solano County Department of Resource 1056 Management or, for the areas of the Solano Subbasin outside of Solano County, the respective county 1057 code (Sacramento or Yolo County). Furthermore, for drinking water wells, permits are obtained from the 1058 State Division of Drinking Water.

LSCE TEAM 2-45 Yolo County UV113

Bridge Rd Stevenson ¨¦§ Tremont Rd Sievers Rd

80 ¨¦§ Pedrick Rd

Dixon Ave

Bulkley Rd S Solano County w e a Midway Rd ny C re e k UV113

Explanation

Solano Subbasin Dixon Consultation Zone Data sources: Hawkins Rd ESRI - waterways, transportation, counties, cities DWR - subbasin boundaries, Liberty Island Rd DWR Well Completion Report Database (DWR, 2019). Solano County-Alamo Consultation Area Creek USGS - DEM/hillshade Coordinate system: Swan Rd NAD 1983 California (Teale) Albers

01 Binghampton Rd Miles ´

X:\2018\18-037 Solano Subbasin GSP\GIS\Report Map Figures\GSP\Figure 2.9 Well Permit Consultation Zone.mxd

Well Permit Consulation Zone Figure 2-6 Team Groundwater Sustainability Plan Solano Subbasin DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

1060 2.4.6. Replenishment of groundwater extractions 1061 Both natural recharge and in-lieu replenishment through conjunctive use are means of groundwater 1062 replenishment in the Solano Subbasin. Groundwater levels are closely monitored in the Solano 1063 Subbasin, and the historical record indicates that the advent of wide-scale application of surface water 1064 for diversified agricultural production in the 1960s there corresponds with an increase in groundwater 1065 levels.

1066 2.4.7. Conjunctive use and underground storage 1067 Several entities in the Solano Subbasin have used surface water and groundwater conjunctively for 1068 decades. The implementation of the Solano Project in 1959 and its associated surface water storage 1069 allowed for conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater. Increasing opportunities for conjunctive 1070 groundwater use are listed as a Tier 1 (high priority) action item in the 2005 Solano IRWM Plan and as an 1071 identified project concept in the 2019 Westside IRWM Plan Update. Groundwater recharge could occur 1072 as in-lieu recharge by reducing groundwater pumping during wet years to allow for natural recharge or 1073 by direct recharge.

1074 Aquifer storage is not specifically monitored in the Solano Subbasin, however RD 2068, SID, the City of 1075 Vacaville, MPWD, SCWA, and Rural North Vacaville Water District all monitor groundwater levels, in 1076 addition to DWR, USBR, and the University of California, Davis. Based on this data collection, aquifer 1077 storage estimates will be refined over time.

1078 2.4.8. Addressing groundwater contamination cleanup, recharge, diversions to storage, 1079 conservation, water recycling, conveyance, and extraction projects 1080 As described in Section 2.4.4, the Consultation Zone within the City of Dixon limits groundwater use and 1081 well construction in that area. There are no direct recharge projects or specific groundwater storage 1082 projects, although the groundwater basin is used conjunctively with surface water supplies. Agricultural 1083 water conservation programs are identified in the SID AWMP. There are no existing water recycling 1084 projects, but Vacaville has a draft Recycled Water Master Plan that it plans to implement in the future. 1085 SID and Vacaville also construct and operate groundwater extraction wells as identified in the prior 1086 GWMPs.

1087 2.4.9. Efficient water management practices 1088 There are urban water conservation programs that are identified in the Vacaville UWMP (Vacaville, 1089 2016) and agricultural water conservation programs that are identified in the MPWD AWMP. In 1090 addition, RD 2068 provides and operates several grower education programs and water conservation 1091 practices for its surface water operations, including a district-wide water recovery and reuse system.

1092 2.4.10. Relationships with state and federal regulatory agencies 1093 SID and RD 2068 presently maintain a working relationship with SWRCB and RWQCB staff that oversee 1094 and provide the framework and direction for California’s groundwater protection efforts. National policy 1095 and direction relating to groundwater protection efforts are provided by the USEPA. The SWRCB DDW

LSCE TEAM 2-47 DRAFT: NOVEMBER 20, 2020 SOLANO SUBBASIN PLAN AREA GROUNDWATER SUSTAINABILITY PLAN

1096 has administered for USEPA the preparation of DWSAP Program reports. SID has prepared several of 1097 these reports for groundwater wells providing a potable supply to different developments within SID. 1098 SID will continue to evaluate information provided by both the SWRCB and RWQCB and also the USEPA 1099 regarding planning efforts to improve and protect groundwater resources (Summers Engineering, 2006).

1100 Groundwater used for drinking water by Vacaville and SID is monitored and reported to the SWRCB 1101 DDW, as required. USBR conducts groundwater level monitoring at several wells related to the 1102 Putah Fan (a shallower aquifer that overlies northwestern portion of the Solano Subbasin) under an 1103 agreement between USBR and SCWA. USBR is required by the SWRCB (as a water rights permit 1104 condition) to report groundwater levels at specified wells downstream of the Solano Project (Lake 1105 Berryessa).

1106 On an as-needed basis, the GSA Collaborative will continue existing working relationships with local, 1107 state, and feral regulatory agencies, as well as with non-governmental organizations involved with water 1108 resource management. Relevant agencies and organizations include but are not limited to DWR, 1109 California Bureau of Reclamation, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, National Oceanic and 1110 Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the US Army Corps of Engineers, and The Nature Conservancy. 1111 Working relationships already exist with non-governmental organizations working on similar issues such 1112 as The Freshwater Trust and the Local Government Commission. These and other interested parties 1113 will be included in the Stakeholder Engagement process through e-mail notification of meetings and 1114 through existing relationships from GSA Collaborative members.

1115 2.4.11. Review of land use plans and efforts to coordinate with land use planning agencies to 1116 assess activities that potentially create risks to groundwater quality or quantity 1117 The SID, City of Vacaville, City of Dixon, MPWD, RD 2068, Solano County, and SCWA cooperate on 1118 groundwater issues and studies as part of the Solano Water Authority. In addition to the members of 1119 the SWA, other stakeholders in the groundwater basin include the Rural North Vacaville Water District 1120 (RNVWD), Dixon-Solano Municipal Water Service (DSMWS), and California Water Service Company 1121 (CWSC). These stakeholders do not have their own groundwater management plans. RNVWD delivers 1122 groundwater to rural Solano County residents. RNVWD is directed by members of the Solano County 1123 Board of Supervisors and is, therefore, represented in the SWA-4 stakeholder group. DSMWS supplies 1124 groundwater to the City of Dixon as a joint exercise of powers agency operated by SID and administered 1125 by the City of Dixon. These two agencies provide the DSMWS with representation in the SWA-4 1126 stakeholder group. CWSC also operates wells that are used for public drinking water supply within the 1127 City of Dixon.

1128 2.4.12. Impacts on groundwater dependent ecosystems 1129 The development of the Solano Subbasin GSP includes detailed consideration of location and function of 1130 groundwater-dependent ecosystems as discussed in Section 3.

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1131 2.5. Notice and Communication (§ 354.10, 10723.4)

1132 2.5.1. Notice (§ 354.10 a, b, and c) 1133 The Solano Groundwater Sustainability Plan website31 provides information for stakeholders and the 1134 public on the process of GSP development. As the GSP was developed, the website was updated 1135 accordingly with new information and draft sections of the GSP for public comment. Information 1136 presented on the website includes the Solano Collaborative organizational structure, a summary of 1137 SGMA, a high-level overview of the Solano Subbasin hydrology, the requirements of a GSP and draft 1138 sections as they are developed, and links to external resources for more information. It also includes a 1139 thorough list of frequently asked questions, and opportunities for direct public involvement via a survey, 1140 GSA board meetings, meeting announcements, and an email sign up. It includes meeting summaries of 1141 all GSA Collaborative meetings. The Solano GSP email list sends periodic updates and announcements 1142 about the progress of the GSP to its subscribers. Sections of the GSP are posted on the website as they 1143 are available, with a form to collect comments.

1144 2.5.2. Decision-Making Process 1145 Each member of the Solano Subbasin GSA Collaborative (Solano GSA, Vacaville GSA, Solano Irrigation 1146 District GSA, Northern Delta GSA, Sacramento County GSA, Reclamation District 501, and Reclamation 1147 District 999) designated an appointee to the GSA Coordination Committee to act as a principal contact 1148 person for their organization and participate in the GSA Coordination Committee on their organization’s 1149 behalf. To promote cooperation, it is the goal of the GSA Collaborative that all actions are done by 1150 unanimous consent of the members of the GSA Coordination Committee. They shall use their best 1151 efforts to find a mutually agreeable result; however, in the event of an impasse or disagreement the 1152 decision will be made by a majority vote of the members of the GSA Coordination Committee. Decisions 1153 of the GSA Coordination Committee would be forwarded as recommendations to the various GSA 1154 Governing Boards for final decision making. If there is an impasse at any of the GSA Boards, the process 1155 will be to send back the recommendation to the GSA Coordination Committee for further refinement.

1156 2.5.3. Public Engagement 1157 SGMA requires Groundwater Sustainability Agencies (GSAs) to consider the interests of all beneficial 1158 uses and users of groundwater, and to encourage involvement of diverse social, cultural, and economic 1159 elements of the population within the subbasin during GSP preparation and implementation.

1160 The Solano Subbasin GSA Collaborative adopted a Community Engagement Plan32 (see Appendix 2a) as 1161 a living document in February, 2020 and continued to add to the Plan as ongoing input developed. The 1162 purpose of the Community Engagement Plan (CEP) is to positively contribute to the development of a 1163 GSP that incorporates the understanding, knowledge and support of the Subbasin's diverse population 1164 and interests. The CEP was shaped by the California Department of Water Resources’ (DWR) Guidance

31 https://www.solanogsp.com/ 32 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V2lVSN3-frJzrwi7YFjgpdJGXHh68MOK/view

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1165 Document for Stakeholder Communication and Engagement, survey input, interviews with stakeholders, 1166 and conversations with GSAs.

1167 Beneficial uses and users in the Solano Subbasin have been identified as the following:

1168  Public Water Systems: Municipal Water Systems (City of Rio Vista, City of Vacaville, City of 1169 Dixon); Small Community Water Systems (Mobile Home Parks); State Small Water Systems 1170 (Marinas); Non-Transient Non-Community Water Systems (Schools); Transient Non-Community 1171 Water Systems (Faith-Based Organizations, Gas Stations, Commercial Sites)

1172  Land Use: Municipal Planning Departments

1173  Commercial/Industrial Use: Small Businesses; Service Industry (Restaurants, Event Centers, 1174 Grocery Stores, Micro Enterprises, Ferry Services)

1175  Drinking Water Well Use: Residential Well Owners; Temporary Well Users (Seasonal Farm 1176 Workers, Renters, Tenant Farmers)

1177  Agricultural Groundwater Use: Farm Operators; Small Farms; Ag Support Industries

1178  Surface Water Use

1179  Environmental and Ecosystems: Recreational Sites (Campgrounds, Marinas); Environmental 1180 Conservation Agencies/Organizations (Solano Land Trust, Wildlands Inc.)

1181  Economic Development: Elected Officials; Chambers of Commerce

1182  Tribes: Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation

1183  Federal Land Use: United States Army Corps of Engineers; Military Bases

1184  State Land Use: Department of Water Resources; California Department of Fish & Wildlife

1185  Integrated Water Management

1186 Each section of the draft GSP has or will be released for a 30-day public comment after review by each 1187 GSA and the stakeholder engagement team (Ag Innovations, The Freshwater Trust (TFT) and the Local 1188 Government Commission (LGC)). For each section of the draft, GSP comments have been or will be 1189 accepted from the public through the Solano GSP website33. The GSP technical team, in partnership with 1190 the Solano Collaborative and Stakeholder Engagement Team, will review, incorporate recommendations 1191 as appropriate, and respond to all comments (see “GSP Review Cycle” diagram in Appendix 2a). Public 1192 Comments will be tracked, categorized, and responded to with either a master response or individual 1193 responses.

33 https://www.solanogsp.com/

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1194 Communication and engagement within the subbasin were important not only during the GSP 1195 development phase (2018-2022), but will also be important during the GSP monitoring and 1196 implementation phase (2022-2042). Starting in 2022 and continuing through 2042, extensive monitoring 1197 will occur to determine if the subbasin is being managed in a sustainable manner. Potential 1198 management actions and/or projects may be implemented during this time, as needed, to maintain 1199 sustainability of the subbasin. Implementation and monitoring will occur beyond 2042 in perpetuity. The 1200 same principles described in this CEP are expected to guide stakeholder communication and 1201 engagement during the twenty-year GSP monitoring and implementation period. In advance of GSP 1202 submittal, the CEP will be updated to describe a responsive communications approach for the GSP 1203 monitoring and implementation phases.

1204 Channels of Engagement

1205 The Solano Subbasin GSA Collaborative utilized multiple mechanisms to engage with beneficial users of 1206 the Solano Subbasin and members of the public. What follows is a summary of the various channels of 1207 engagement that have been used to date. Details of the Solano Subbasin GSA Collaborative public 1208 engagement activities are provided in Appendix 2a.

1209 Public Engagement Meetings were held to build public support through developing understanding, and 1210 gaining insight into the interests, concerns and questions of key beneficial user groups on the GSP. 1211 Simultaneous Spanish language translation and childcare (in person meetings only) was offered at each 1212 of these meetings. Notice was sent by email to the interested parties list, via mailed postcard, through 1213 local newspaper ads, and through community partners.

1214 Community Advisory Committee34 (CAC) included 16 volunteers representing beneficial uses and users 1215 across the full geography of the subbasin to provide focused input during the development of the GSP. 1216 These meetings are held and noticed publicly and observers can attend and offer comment at the end of 1217 the meeting.

1218 GSA Board of Director meetings, scheduled monthly, are open to the public, with time for public 1219 comment at the end of each meeting.

1220 GSA Coordination Meetings, on behalf of the Solano Subbasin GSA Collaborative, have been held since 1221 June 2018. Meetings have generally been held once per month, with in person and call-in options for 1222 participation. Meeting topics include GSP goals, direction, and scope; stakeholder engagement planning; 1223 GSA working agreements; funding updates; and GSP topics. Meeting summaries are included on the 1224 Solano GSP website.

34 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1q2NMd3Rm_8G8gAd8XOvqH5sQjYEAJZL0/view

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1225 Newsletter and Interested Parties List: The newsletter was intended to engage and inform the public on 1226 the GSP, including public engagement meetings, community advisory committee meetings, and updates 1227 to the GSP development.

1228 Solano Subbasin Surveys: Several surveys were developed and distributed in paper form at public 1229 engagement meetings, and electronically through the Solano GSP website, the newsletter and all other 1230 outreach channels. A summary of the results is found in Appendix 2a.

1231 Solano GSP Website35: Meeting results, announcements, deliverables, and surveys were posted as they 1232 occurred via the Solano GSP website.

1233 Focus Groups on specific aspects of the GSP were held as needed to include technical expertise and 1234 topic-dependent stakeholders. A summary can be found in Appendix 2a.

1235 Public Forums: Where needed the GSA Collaborative, in partnership with the The Freshwater Trust and 1236 the Local Government Commission, held focused discussions and input sessions around specific topics 1237 that required further exploration and engagement. A summary is included in Appendix 2a.

1238 Mapping, Identifying and Engaging Groundwater-Dependent Communities, Disadvantaged 1239 Communities (DACs) and Severely Disadvantaged Communities (SDACs)

1240 The Solano Subbasin GSA Collaborative coordinated with The Freshwater Trust (TFT) and the Local 1241 Government Commission (LGC) to engage with groundwater-dependent communities that may be most 1242 vulnerable to changing conditions and ensure their needs and concerns are incorporated in the 1243 groundwater planning process. These communities may include:

1244  Those who are reliant on small community water systems (e.g. schools, mobile parks, etc.); 1245  Private domestic well-owners & users; 1246  Those who may be using groundwater for consumption, cooking, and sanitary purposes; 1247  Those who may be reliant on groundwater for economic security (e.g. home kitchens, small 1248 farmers, small ranchers) 1249  Those who may be exposed to groundwater contamination in their jobs or housing; 1250  Those who are affected by groundwater-surface water interactions (e.g. fishing, tribes).

1251 Using publicly available datasets, TFT and LGC conducted a detailed geospatial analysis of the Solano 1252 Subbasin to identify the distribution of groundwater-dependent SDAC communities. The initial analysis 1253 included federal and state datasets and an analysis of socioeconomic vulnerability indicators. 1254 Vulnerability indicators and more information about wells and public water systems within the Solano 1255 Subbasin can also be explored at groundwaterguide.com/map36.

1256 In addition to the geospatial analysis, The Freshwater Trust and Local Government Commission 1257 conducted background research and outreach to identify key stakeholders to support SDAC engagement

35 https://www.solanogsp.com/ 36 https://freshwatertrust.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=b7f3791641dc4f3e8719d3ecde3a071c

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1258 in the GSP planning process and to further inform the identification of SDAC communities. The objective 1259 of the community and stakeholder outreach was to further characterize SDACs and identify key 1260 stakeholders. Various methods were used to identify groundwater-reliant SDACs and disadvantaged 1261 communities (DACs) within the Solano Subbasin. Methods for community and stakeholder outreach are 1262 described in the report included in Appendix 2a, “Report on SDACs in the Solano Subbasin.”

1263 The Solano Subbasin Snapshot37 was compiled based on outcomes from public meetings, stakeholder 1264 interviews, surveys, data and maps collected through publicly available sources. Through discussions 1265 with community stakeholders, the Snapshot also captures recommended community outreach channels, 1266 distribution networks, and outreach barriers for engagement in groundwater sustainability planning.

1267 Additionally, a series of factsheets were developed in English and Spanish to educate interested 1268 stakeholders on SGMA, the goals of the GSP, and the basic hydrology and governance of the Solano 1269 Subbasin (see Appendix 2a).

1270 Additional resources were dedicated to identifying and engaging SDAC/DAC communities. These 1271 resources also benefited other beneficial uses and users in the subbasin.

1272 Solano Resource Conservation District (“SRCD”) Groundwater Education Program and Groundwater 1273 Educational Videos - TFT and LGC partnered with Solano Resource Conservation District (“SRCD”) to 1274 create and deliver hands-on, regionally specific groundwater education lessons to schools. Teachers 1275 across Dixon, Rio Vista, and Vacaville were contacted at the beginning of the 2019-2020 school year to 1276 identify potential program participants and to solicit curriculum ideas and feedback. Ultimately, one 1277 fourth grade and three fifth grade classes registered for the program from D.H. White Elementary in Rio 1278 Vista; four seventh grade classes from Sierra Vista K-8 School in Vacaville; and one AP Environmental 1279 Science and two AP Biology high school classes from Dixon High School in Dixon. A total of 11 classes 1280 and 307 students registered for the program. located within the Solano Subbasin. Full details of the 1281 Groundwater Education curriculum are provided in Appendix 2a.

1282 Due COVID-19 pandemic social distancing restrictions, SRCD continued the groundwater education 1283 curriculum virtually with 5th grade classrooms for the 2020-2021 school year. In addition, SRCD is 1284 developing a bi-lingual groundwater educational video focused on groundwater uses, users, the value of 1285 stewardship, and ways to get involved in local planning efforts. The educational video will be circulated 1286 across 4th-8th grade classrooms within the Subbasin and shared with the public.

1287 Soluna Outreach Solutions Bi-Lingual Local Media Outreach and Spanish GSP Survey Hotline - The SDAC 1288 team partnered with Soluna Outreach Solutions to develop and distribute Spanish print media and 1289 Spanish radio programming to promote Solano Subbasin public events. Solana Outreach also developed 1290 a Spanish hotline for stakeholders to call and complete the 2020 Solano GSP survey in Spanish by phone.

37 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DduSpB1ZlHH0r_eFx1lH6sRdmxpUHZoV/view

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1291 Solano Subbasin Groundwater Guide - The Groundwater Guide is bilingual (English/Spanish) resource 1292 that connects community members to additional information and online tools in support of Solano 1293 Subbasin’s groundwater sustainability efforts. Stakeholders can learn more about SGMA and 1294 groundwater basics, and connect to additional helpful resources.

1295 CivicSpark AmeriCorps Fellow - Through the Local Government Commission’s AmeriCorps CivicSpark 1296 Program, The Freshwater Trust hosted a CivicSpark Fellow from September 2019 through July 2020 to 1297 support the SDAC Project Team in project coordination, survey development, outreach, documentation, 1298 translation, and public engagement.

1299 Stakeholder Interviews - Exploratory calls and interviews were conducted with individuals and 1300 community organizations, identified during the contact database development, Solano Collaborative 1301 survey process, and public meeting feedback. The goal of these interviews was to further identify 1302 representative stakeholders and effective outreach strategies for engaging underrepresented 1303 community members in the GSP planning process.

1304 Summary of Beneficial Uses & Users Engaged: In summary, the GSA Collaborative received the 1305 following input between 2019-2021.

1306  Public Input, including public engagement meetings, focus groups, and forums: # Stakeholders 1307  Surveys: # Respondents 1308  Interviews: # 1309  Public comments: 1310  Interested Parties List: # subscribers

1311 A summary of results, included interests, concerns, questions, and preferred forms of communication 1312 can be found in Appendix 2a.

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1313 2.6. References 1314 CalEPA. “Regulated Site Portal.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1315 https://siteportal.calepa.ca.gov/nsite/map/help

1316 California Department of Conservation. “Geologic Energy Management Division.” Accessed November 1317 13, 2020. https://www.conservation.ca.gov/CalGEM

1318 California Department of Pesticide Regulation. “California Department of Pesticide Regulation.” 1319 Accessed November 13, 2020. https://www.cdpr.ca.gov/

1320 California Natural Resources Agency. “Well Completion Reports.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1321 https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/well-completion-reports

1322 Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board (CVRWQCB). 2015. Order R5-2014-0030-R1, Waste 1323 Discharge Requirements General Order for Growers within the Sacramento River Watershed that are 1324 Members of the Third-Party Group. Adopted March 12, 2014; revised June 5, 2015 (including all 1325 applicable revisions).

1326 City of Vacaville (Vacaville). 2016. City of Vacaville 2015 Urban Water Management Plan Update. July 1327 2016.

1328 CNRA. “TRE ALTAMIRA InSAR Subsidence Data.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1329 https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/tre-altamira-insar-subsidence

1330 County of Solano, 2020. “Cache Slough Complex Habitat Conservation Plan.” 1331 https://solanocounty.com/depts/rm/delta_programs/cache_slough_complex_habitat_conservation_ 1332 plan.asp (accessed November 19, 2020)

1333 DTSC. “DTSC’s Hazardous Waste and Substances Site List – Site Cleanup (Cortese List).” Accessed 1334 November 13, 2020. https://dtsc.ca.gov/dtscs-cortese-list/

1335 DTSC. “EnviroStor.” Accessed November 13, 2020. https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/

1336 DWR. “Agricultural Land & Water Use Estimates.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1337 https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-Efficiency/Land-And-Water-Use/Agricultural-Land- 1338 And-Water-Use-Estimates

1339 DWR. “Agricultural Water Use Models.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1340 https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-Efficiency/Land-And-Water-Use/Agricultural-Water- 1341 Use-Models

1342 DWR. “Integrated Regional Water Management.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1343 https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Integrated-Regional-Water-Management

1344 DWR. “Land Use Surveys.” Accessed November 13, 2020. https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use- 1345 And-Efficiency/Land-And-Water-Use/Land-Use-Surveys

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1346 DWR. “Public Water Systems Statistics Surveys.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1347 https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-Efficiency/Land-And-Water-Use/Public-Water- 1348 Systems-Statistics-Surveys

1349 DWR. “Statewide Irrigation Systems Methods Surveys.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1350 https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-Efficiency/Land-And-Water-Use/Statewide-Irrigation- 1351 Systems-Methods-Surveys

1352 DWR. “Water Data Library (WDL) Station Map.” Accessed November 13, 2020. https://wdl.water.ca.gov/

1353 DWR. 2009. California Water Plan Update 2009. December 2009.

1354 Kennedy Jenks. 2016. Technical Memorandum, Subject: SCWA Water Supply Reliability. April 14, 2016.

1355 Kennedy Jenks. 2019. Westside Sacramento Integrated Regional Water Management Plan Update. 1356 January 2019.

1357 LSA Associates. 2012. “Solano Habitat Conservation Plan. Public Draft.” Prepared for Solano County 1358 Water Agency. https://www.scwa2.com/solano-multispecies-habitat-conservation-plan/ (accessed 1359 November 18, 2020)

1360 LSCE. 2011. City of Vacaville Groundwater Management Plan Update. February 2011.

1361 LSCE. 2014. California Statewide Groundwater Elevation Monitoring (CASGEM) Network Plan. Solano 1362 County Water Agency. March 2014.

1363 Luhdorff & Scalmanini (LSCE). 2019. Sacramento Valley Water Quality Coalition Groundwater Quality 1364 Trend Monitoring Workplan: 2019 Revisions and Update. May 1, 2019.

1365 Maine Prairie Water District. 1997. Groundwater Management Plan. January 21, 1997.

1366 NOAA. “National Geodetic Survey Data Explorer.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1367 https://geodesy.noaa.gov/NGSDataExplorer/

1368 Putah Creek Water Cases (Putah Creek Council v. Solano Irrigation District and Solano County Water 1369 Agency). Superior Court of California. County of Sacramento. 2002. https://www.calindian.org/wp- 1370 content/uploads/2020/07/Putah-Creek-Notice-of-Motion-and-Motion-to-Amend-Judgments.pdf 1371 (accessed November 18, 2020)

1372 RWQCB. 2015. Order No. R5-2014-0030-R1 Waste Discharge Requirements General Order for Growers 1373 in the Sacramento River Watershed that are Members of the Third-Party Group.

1374 Solano County Water Agency. 2005. Integrated Regional Water Management Plan and Strategic Plan. 1375 February 2005.

1376 Summers Engineering, Inc. (Summers Engineering). 2006. Solano Irrigation District Senate Bill 1938 1377 Groundwater Management Plan Upgrade. January 2006.

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1378 SWRCB. “Drinking Water Programs.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1379 https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/programs/

1380 SWRCB. “Drinking Water Watch.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1381 https://sdwis.waterboards.ca.gov/PDWW/

1382 SWRCB. “eWRIMS – Electronic Water Rights Information Management System.” Accessed November 13, 1383 2020. https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterrights/water_issues/programs/ewrims/

1384 SWRCB. “GeoTracker.” Accessed November 13, 2020. https://geotracker.waterboards.ca.gov/

1385 SWRCB. “National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) – Wastewater.” Accessed November 1386 13, 2020. https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/npdes/

1387 SWRCB. “Water Quality in Areas of Oil and Gas Production – Regional Groundwater Monitoring.” 1388 Accessed November 13, 2020. 1389 https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/groundwater/sb4/regional_monitoring/

1390 UNAVCO. “All Real-time Networks & Stations Monitoring.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1391 https://www.unavco.org/instrumentation/networks/status/all/realtime

1392 USEPA. “Superfund.” Accessed November 13, 2020. https://www.epa.gov/superfund

1393 USEPA. “Superfund: National Priorities List (NPL).” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1394 https://www.epa.gov/superfund/superfund-national-priorities-list-npl

1395 USGS. “Groundwater Ambient Monitoring & Assessment (GAMA).” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1396 https://ca.water.usgs.gov/gama/

1397 USGS. “USGS Groundwater Data for the Nation.” Accessed November 13, 2020. 1398 https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/gw

1399 West Yost Associates. 2006. Reclamation District 2068 Groundwater Management Plan. December 8, 1400 2008.

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1401 Appendix 2a

1402 Public Outreach and Communications and Engagement Activities 1403 Please visit https://www.solanogsp.com/outreach/ for current engagement materials to date. What 1404 follows are the materials that will be included in the final GSP:

1405  Community Engagement Plan 1406  Summary of Outreach Activities 1407  Public Input Session Reports 1408  Community Advisory Committee Meeting Agendas and Meeting Summaries 1409  Solano SGMA Survey Questions and Summary of Survey Results 1410  GSP review cycle

1411 Report on SDACs in the Solano Subbasin38 - The Freshwater Trust and Local Government 1412 Commission

1413 Report: Solano Subbasin Groundwater Education39 - The Freshwater Trust and Solano Resource 1414 Conservation District

1415 Factsheets:

1416  SGMA 101 Factsheet (Eng40) (Sp41) 1417  Learn More About the Solano Subbasin (Eng42) (Sp43) 1418  Solano Subbasin Snapshot44 1419 1420 Solano Subbasin GSA Collaborative Meetings

Meeting Title Date Location Key Meeting Topics Solano Subbasin October 29, 2019 Phone Meeting Prop 68 grant application updates, GSA Collaborative stakeholder engagement, Meeting stormwater retention and groundwater recharge, MOU comments resolved Solano Subbasin September 16, 2019 SCWA Office, MOU comments, GSP geologic GSA Collaborative Monticello maps comments and revisions, Meeting Conference Room stakeholder engagement, CAC proposal

38 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1UgdL9C-kqcQzeReYO1PHF0dv5GJeDNZO/view 39 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1iaWJ9kxkVdZbRxCRMMjqWdfMQXV-pGY1/view 40 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hNlggSH-QPVJMdfCnuqeM7GduiEQREn3/view 41 https://drive.google.com/file/u/0/d/1IrWXOBSUn1JeVKLcJDaudARkGk7CD5mj/view?usp=sharing&pli=1 42 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-Yl_p-gdMqSXVz4PMgzBMQxMc0fHkeVm/view 43 https://drive.google.com/file/u/0/d/1CNFE1pE-AdUbro2a4yEp-0M5Ry3sAqK-/view?usp=sharing&pli=1 44 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DduSpB1ZlHH0r_eFx1lH6sRdmxpUHZoV/view

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Meeting Title Date Location Key Meeting Topics Solano Subbasin August 15, 2019 SCWA Office, MOU comments approval and GSA Collaborative Monticello revision, GSP geologic maps review Meeting Conference Room and verification Solano Subbasin July 19, 2019 SCWA Office Scheduling for GSP kickoff GSA Collaborative workshop, DWR guidance, Meeting reaffirmation of working agreements Solano Subbasin May 2, 2019 SCWA Office, GSP status update, MOU draft GSA Collaborative Monticello discussion Meeting Conference Room Solano GSP April April 10, 2019 Vacaville Ulatis SGMA overview, formation, and Open House Center rollout, GSP development update, stakeholder engagement and Q&A Solano Subbasin March 19, 2019 SID Office GSP status update, development of GSA Collaborative formal MOU Meeting Solano Subbasin February 21, 2019 SID Office GSP status update, begin outline of GSA Collaborative MOU Meeting Solano Subbasin January 21, 2019 SCWA Office Solano GSP website development, GSA Collaborative stakeholder engagement, Meeting Solano Subbasin December 18, 2018 SCWA Office GSP development timeline, single GSA Collaborative vs. multiple GSPs Meeting Solano Subbasin November 15, 2018 SCWA Office GSP development timeline, GSA Collaborative approach, and methods. Meeting Solano Subbasin October 17, 2018 SCWA Office Stakeholder engagement and GSA Collaborative communications Meeting Solano Subbasin September 20, 2018 SCWA Office GSP organizational structure chart, GSA Collaborative draft GSP table of contents, Meeting outreach Solano Subbasin June 21, 2018 SCWA Office Discussion of goals, direction, and GSA Collaborative scope of GSP Meeting

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