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Industry Adaption to Nathers 6 Star Energy Regulations and Energy Performance Disclosure Models for Housing

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Industry Adaption to Nathers 6 Star Energy Regulations and Energy Performance Disclosure Models for Housing Industry adaption to NatHERs 6 star energy regulations and energy performance disclosure models for housing This thesis is submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Timothy Redmond O’Leary Master of Architecture Bachelor of Science Honours (Quantity Surveying) Diploma in Construction Economics School of Engineering Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment University of South Australia December 2016 Statement of Authorship I declare that: • this thesis presents work carried out by myself and does not incorporate without acknowledgment any material previously submitted for a degree or diploma in any university; • to the best of my knowledge it does not contain any materials previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the text; and all substantive contributions by others to the work presented, including jointly authored publications, is clearly acknowledged. Timothy Redmond O’Leary, December 2016 ii Acknowledgements I am deeply thankful for the advice, feedback, guidance and encouragement from my principal supervisor Dr Martin Belusko and also my associate supervisor Professor Frank Bruno. This thesis has benefited enormously from their patience, honest critique and expertise. Their numerous and generous interactions have been instrumental in shaping this research, developing the arguments, and in communicating the results. I must acknowledge and thank Dr. David Whaley of the University of South Australia for his help and support as a collaborator and co-author of some of the research papers drawn from this thesis, and in particular, for his assistance in converting raw Lochiel Park and Mawson Lakes monitoring data into meaningful information and graphical representations. Also fellow HDR student Bashar Al –Saedi for collaborations and co-authorship of a paper from the work. Allan Johannson and Stephen Cramond, both licenced building certifers and SA registered HER assessors were generous of their time on matters relating to methods of compliance and energy assessments. Also Jim Woolcock and his team at Sustainability House were of assistance on technical matters. In the latter stages of the project, and with the establishment of the CRC Low Carbon node based in the School of Engineering (UNISA), I would like to acknowledge numerous fellow staff and researchers for their interactions, and for their interest, feedback and advice on many aspects of the research in seminars and workshops. I acknowledge Dr. Stephen Berry for his assistance in the literature review and contextual appreciation of the work herein. This thesis would not be possible without the generous time provided by the various surveys and interviews. I would also like to recognise the industry and policy experts who also I was privileged to meet and generously gave their time and support to the research including Dr. Tony Marker, Alan Pears @ RMIT and Dr. Dong Chen @ CSIRO. iii Gratitude also goes to my family, who have been a constant source of support and grounding. To my late father Arthur who supported and guided me on life’s journey and to my mum Shelia who inspires and amazes me with her graciousness, wisdom and consideration of others. Finally, to my wife Alison many thanks for the encouragement and support you have provided throughout this long and amazing doctoral adventure. Without your help and drive; sustaining me through the highs and lows of this journey, I would never have achieved what is contained in this thesis. “Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle” Rev. John Watson (3 November 1850 – 6 May 1907), iv List of Publications Journal Articles O'Leary, T. Belusko, M. Bruno, F. Whaley, D. 2016. 'Comparing the energy performance of Australian houses using NatHERs modelling against measured household energy consumption for heating and cooling', Energy and Buildings, Vol. 119, pp. 173 - 182. DOI:10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.03.025 O'Leary, T. Belusko, M. Bruno, F. Whaley, D. 2015. ‘Review and evaluation of using household metered energy data for rating of building thermal efficiency of existing buildings’, Energy and Buildings , Vol. 108 Dec. 2015 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.09.018 O’Leary, T. Belusko, M. Cost analyses of measures to improve residential energy ratings to 6 stars – Playford North Development, South Australia. Australian Journal of Construction and Building Economics, (AJCEB), Vol 10, Issue 1. June 2010 Peer Reviewed Conference Papers O’Leary, T. Whaley D Al-Saedi, B. Cost benefit analysis of simulated thermal energy improvements made to existing older South Australian houses International High- Performance Built Environment Conference – A Sustainable Built Environment Conference 2016 Series (SBE16), iHBE 2016, UNSW, Sydney O'Leary, T, Belusko, M & Bruno, F 2016, 'Rating existing housing stock for energy performance - development of an Australian national scheme', 2016 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings, Feb 3rd – 5th, University of Technology Sydney, pp. 1-10 O’ Leary, T. Sada Karuppannan & Jaberi, G 2015 ‘Evaluation of household energy consumption: Impacts of increased residential building energy efficiency standards and user behaviour patterns in Australia’, 21st International Sustainable Development Research Society Conference (ISDRS) 2015, 10-12 July Deakin University, Geelong v O’Leary, T. Residential Energy Efficiency and Mandatory Disclosure Practices, 18th Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference January 15th – 18th 2012, Adelaide, Australia O’Leary, T. Australian Residential Energy Standard Assessment and Rating Framework – A National Response, 17th Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference January 16th – 19th 2011, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia O'Leary, T. Belusko, M. Bruno, F. Achieving 6 Star Energy Efficient Housing Cost Effectively in Australian Temperate Climates. Central European Sustainable Building (CESB)Conference, Prague, Czech Republic 2010 O’Leary, T. Cost Impacts of measures to Achieve Energy Efficient Volume Housing in Australia, Sustainable Building CIB World Conference, SB10 Wellington, New Zealand, 2010 vi Table of Contents Statement of Authorship ............................................................................................................ ii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................. iii List of Publications .......................................................................................................................v Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................... vii List of Tables .............................................................................................................................. xvi Nomenclature ......................................................................................................................... xvii Definitions .................................................................................................................................. xxi Abstract .................................................................................................................................... xxiii 1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................1 1.1 Background ..................................................................................................................1 1.1.1. The evolution of building regulation for Energy Efficiency ............................ 2 1.1.2 Nationwide House Energy Ratings .................................................................... 3 1.1.3 Energy Challenges, Building Optimization and New Technology ............... 4 1.2 Aims and Objectives of the Study ............................................................................ 5 1.3 Research Questions .....................................................................................................6 1.4 Methodology ................................................................................................................7 1.4.1 Research Tasks and Methodology ..................................................................10 1.4.2 Participants ..........................................................................................................13 1.4.3 Case study data ................................................................................................. 14 1.4.4 Data and Analysis Software .............................................................................15 1.4.5 Ethics .....................................................................................................................15 1.5 Outcomes of the Study .............................................................................................15 1.6 Limits of Intended Research .....................................................................................16 1.7 Thesis style and publications portfolio ....................................................................17 1.8 Overview and Summary of Chapters .....................................................................18 vii 2 Literature Review ............................................................................................................... 23 2.1 Introduction to review of literature ........................................................................
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