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Naturally Occurring Aurones and Chromones- a Potential Organic Therapeutic Agents Improvisingnutritional Security +Rajesh Kumar Dubey1,Priyanka Dixit2, Sunita Arya3
ISSN: 2319-8753 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 3, Issue 1, January 2014 Naturally Occurring Aurones and Chromones- a Potential Organic Therapeutic Agents ImprovisingNutritional Security +Rajesh Kumar Dubey1,Priyanka Dixit2, Sunita Arya3 Director General, PERI, M-2/196, Sector-H, Aashiana, Lucknow-226012,UP, India1 Department of Biotechnology, SVU Gajraula, Amroha UP, India1 Assistant Professor, MGIP, Lucknow, UP, India2 Assistant Professor, DGPG College, Kanpur,UP, India3 Abstract: Until recently, pharmaceuticals used for the treatment of diseases have been based largely on the production of relatively small organic molecules synthesized by microbes or by organic chemistry. These include most antibiotics, analgesics, hormones, and other pharmaceuticals. Increasingly, attention has focused on larger and more complex protein molecules as therapeutic agents. This publication describes the types of biologics produced in plants and the plant based organic therapeutic agent's production systems in use. KeyWords: Antecedent, Antibiotics; Anticancer;Antiparasitic; Antileishmanial;Antifungal Analgesics; Flavonoids; Hormones; Pharmaceuticals. I. INTRODUCTION Naturally occurring pharmaceutical and chemical significance of these compounds offer interesting possibilities in exploring their more pharmacological and biocidal potentials. One of the main objectives of organic and medicinal chemistry is the design, synthesis and production of molecules having value as human therapeutic agents [1]. Flavonoids comprise a widespread group of more than 400 higher plant secondary metabolites. Flavonoids are structurally derived from parent substance flavone. Many flavonoids are easily recognized as water soluble flower pigments in most flowering plants. According to their color, Flavonoids pigments have been classified into two groups:(a) The red-blue anthocyanin's and the yellow anthoxanthins,(b)Aurones are a class of flavonoids called anthochlor pigments[2]. -
Biochanin a Promotes Proliferation That Involves a Feedback Loop of Microrna-375 and Estrogen Receptor Alpha in Breast Cancer Cells
Cellular Physiology Cell Physiol Biochem 2015;35:639-646 DOI: 10.1159/000369725 © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel and Biochemistry Published online: January 28, 2015 www.karger.com/cpb 639 Accepted:Chen et al.: December Biochanin 03, A Promotes 2014 Proliferation 1421-9778/15/0352-0639$39.50/0 This is an Open Access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC) (www.karger.com/OA-license), applicable to the online version of the article only. Distribution permitted for non-commercial purposes only. Original Paper Biochanin A Promotes Proliferation that Involves a Feedback Loop of MicroRNA-375 and Estrogen Receptor Alpha in Breast Cancer Cells Jian Chena Bo Geb Yong Wanga Yu Yec Sien Zengd Zhaoquan Huangd aSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, bGuilin Medical University, Guilin, cDepartment of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, dDepartment of Pathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China Key Words Biochanin A • miR-375 • Estrogen receptor α • OVX Abstract Background: Biochanin A and formononetin are O-methylated isoflavones that are isolated from the root of Astragalus membranaceus, and have antitumorigenic effects. Our previous studies found that formononetin triggered growth-inhibitory and apoptotic activities in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. We performed in vivo and in vitro studies to further investigate the potential effect of biochanin A in promoting cell proliferation in estrogen receptor (ER)- positive cells, and to elucidate underlying mechanisms. Methods: ERα-positive breast cancer cells (T47D, MCF-7) were treated with biochanin A. The MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to assess cell proliferation and apoptosis. -
Adaptive Radiations: from Field to Genomic Studies
Adaptive radiations: From field to genomic studies Scott A. Hodges and Nathan J. Derieg1 Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 Adaptive radiations were central to Darwin’s formation of his phenotype–environment correlation, (iii) trait utility, and (iv) theory of natural selection, and today they are still the centerpiece rapid speciation. Monophyly and rapid speciation for many of for many studies of adaptation and speciation. Here, we review the the classic examples of adaptive radiation have been established advantages of adaptive radiations, especially recent ones, for by using molecular techniques [e.g., cichlids (4), Galapagos detecting evolutionary trends and the genetic dissection of adap- finches (5, 6), and Hawaiian silverswords (7)]. Ecological and tive traits. We focus on Aquilegia as a primary example of these manipulative experiments are used to identify and test pheno- advantages and highlight progress in understanding the genetic type–environmental correlations and trait utility. Ultimately, basis of flower color. Phylogenetic analysis of Aquilegia indicates such studies have pointed to the link between divergent natural that flower color transitions proceed by changes in the types of selection and reproductive isolation and, thus, speciation (3). anthocyanin pigments produced or their complete loss. Biochem- Studies of adaptive radiations have exploded during the last 20 ical, crossing, and gene expression studies have provided a wealth years. In a search of the ISI Web of Science with ‘‘adaptive of information about the genetic basis of these transitions in radiation’’ (limited to the subject area of evolutionary biology) Aquilegia. To obtain both enzymatic and regulatory candidate we found 80 articles published in 2008 compared with only 1 in genes for the entire flavonoid pathway, which produces antho- 1990. -
Protection of PC12 Cells Against Superoxide-Induced Damage by Isoflavonoids from Astragalus Mongholicus1
BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 22, 50-54 (2009) www.besjournal.com Protection of PC12 Cells against Superoxide-induced Damage by 1 Isoflavonoids from Astragalus mongholicus # + + #,2 DE-HONG YU , YONG-MING BAO , LI-JIA AN , AND MING YANG #The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; +Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China Objective To further investigate the neuroprotective effects of five isoflavonoids from Astragalus mongholicus on xanthine (XA)/ xanthine oxidase (XO)-induced injury to PC12 cells. Methods PC12 cells were damaged by XA/XO. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, MTT, LDH, and GSH assays were used to evaluate the protection of these five isoflavonoids. Contents of Bcl-2 family proteins were determined with flow cytometry. Results Among the five isoflavonoids including formononetin, ononin, 9, 10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-β-D-glucoside, calycosin and calycosin-7-O-glucoside, calycosin and calycosin-7-O-glucoside were found to inhibit XA/ XO-induced injury to PC12 cells. Their EC50 values of formononetin and calycosin were 0.05 μg/mL. Moreover, treatment with these three isoflavonoids prevented a decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), while formononetin and calycosin could prevent a significant deletion of GSH. In addition, only calycosin and calycosin-7-O-glucoside were shown to inhibit XO activity in cell-free system, with an approximate IC50 value of 10 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL. Formononetin and calycosin had no significant influence on Bcl-2 or Bax protein contents. Conclusion Neuroprotection of formononetin, calycosin and calycosin-7-O-glucoside may be mediated by increasing endogenous antioxidants, rather by inhibiting XO activities or by scavenging free radicals. -
Saurashtra University Re – Accredited Grade ‘B’ by NAAC (CGPA 2.93)
Saurashtra University Re – Accredited Grade ‘B’ by NAAC (CGPA 2.93) Odedra, Nathabhai K., 2009, “Ethnobotany of Maher Tribe In Porbandar District, Gujarat, India”, thesis PhD, Saurashtra University http://etheses.saurashtrauniversity.edu/id/eprint/604 Copyright and moral rights for this thesis are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Saurashtra University Theses Service http://etheses.saurashtrauniversity.edu [email protected] © The Author ETHNOBOTANY OF MAHER TRIBE IN PORBANDAR DISTRICT, GUJARAT, INDIA A thesis submitted to the SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY In partial fulfillment for the requirement For the degree of DDDoDoooccccttttoooorrrr ooofofff PPPhPhhhiiiilllloooossssoooopppphhhhyyyy In BBBoBooottttaaaannnnyyyy In faculty of science By NATHABHAI K. ODEDRA Under Supervision of Dr. B. A. JADEJA Lecturer Department of Botany M D Science College, Porbandar - 360575 January + 2009 ETHNOBOTANY OF MAHER TRIBE IN PORBANDAR DISTRICT, GUJARAT, INDIA A thesis submitted to the SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY In partial fulfillment for the requirement For the degree of DDooooccccttttoooorrrr ooofofff PPPhPhhhiiiilllloooossssoooopppphhhhyyyy In BBoooottttaaaannnnyyyy In faculty of science By NATHABHAI K. ODEDRA Under Supervision of Dr. B. A. JADEJA Lecturer Department of Botany M D Science College, Porbandar - 360575 January + 2009 College Code. -
Small Molecule–Mediated Reprogramming of the Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/106591; this version posted February 16, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Small molecule–mediated reprogramming of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition prevents fibrosis Running title: Reversion of fibrosis by chromones Han-Soo Kim,1,2* Jun-Hwan Kim,1,3* Ji Yong Lee,2 Young-Min Yoon,3 Ik-Hwan Kim,4 Ho- Sup Yoon5 and Byung-Soo Youn3# 1Institute for BioMedical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University-International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea , 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 25601, Republic of Korea. 3#705 Ace High-end Tower 9th 233,Gasandigital-1-ro, Geumcheon- gu, Seoul, 08501, Republic of Korea, 4Department of Biotechnology, Korea University. Seoul 02841and 5Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea and 5School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551, Singapore *These contributes equally to this work. #Corresponding author: Byung-Soo Youn, PhD, OsteoNeuroGen, Inc. Ace High-end Tower 9th 233, Gasandigital-1-ro, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, 08501, Republic of Korea Email: [email protected], Tel) 822- 6267 2737 Fax) 822-6267-2740 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/106591; this version posted February 16, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. -
The Use of Plants in the Traditional Management of Diabetes in Nigeria: Pharmacological and Toxicological Considerations
Journal of Ethnopharmacology 155 (2014) 857–924 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Ethnopharmacology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jep Review The use of plants in the traditional management of diabetes in Nigeria: Pharmacological and toxicological considerations Udoamaka F. Ezuruike n, Jose M. Prieto 1 Center for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, WC1N 1AX London, United Kingdom article info abstract Article history: Ethnopharmacological relevance: The prevalence of diabetes is on a steady increase worldwide and it is Received 15 November 2013 now identified as one of the main threats to human health in the 21st century. In Nigeria, the use of Received in revised form herbal medicine alone or alongside prescription drugs for its management is quite common. We hereby 26 May 2014 carry out a review of medicinal plants traditionally used for diabetes management in Nigeria. Based on Accepted 26 May 2014 the available evidence on the species' pharmacology and safety, we highlight ways in which their Available online 12 June 2014 therapeutic potential can be properly harnessed for possible integration into the country's healthcare Keywords: system. Diabetes Materials and methods: Ethnobotanical information was obtained from a literature search of electronic Nigeria databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed and Scopus up to 2013 for publications on medicinal plants Ethnopharmacology used in diabetes management, in which the place of use and/or sample collection was identified as Herb–drug interactions Nigeria. ‘Diabetes’ and ‘Nigeria’ were used as keywords for the primary searches; and then ‘Plant name – WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy accepted or synonyms’, ‘Constituents’, ‘Drug interaction’ and/or ‘Toxicity’ for the secondary searches. -
WO 2017/210163 Al 07 December 2017 (07.12.2017) W !P O PCT
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2017/210163 Al 07 December 2017 (07.12.2017) W !P O PCT (51) International Patent Classification: (72) Inventor: DOUGHAN, Ben; 5400 Corporate Circle, A01N 63/00 (2006.01) C12N 1/14 (2006.01) Salem, Virginia 24153 (US). CI2N 1/04 (2006.01) (74) Agent: RUCKER, Adam L et al; Novozymes North (21) International Application Number: America, Inc., 77 Perry Chapel Church Rd., P.O. Box 576, PCT/US20 17/03495 1 Franklinton, North Carolina 27525 (US). (22) International Filing Date: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every 30 May 2017 (30.05.2017) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, (25) Filing Language: English CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, (26) Publication Language: English DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR, (30) Priority Data: KW,KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, 31 May 2016 (3 1.05.2016) 62/343,217 US MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, 62/347,773 09 June 2016 (09.06.2016) US PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, 62/5 11,408 26 May 2017 (26.05.2017) us SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY,TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, (71) Applicant: NOVOZYMES BIOAG A S [DK/DK]; TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. -
Chemistry and Pharmacology of Kinkéliba (Combretum
CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF KINKÉLIBA (COMBRETUM MICRANTHUM), A WEST AFRICAN MEDICINAL PLANT By CARA RENAE WELCH A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Medicinal Chemistry written under the direction of Dr. James E. Simon and approved by ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey January, 2010 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Chemistry and Pharmacology of Kinkéliba (Combretum micranthum), a West African Medicinal Plant by CARA RENAE WELCH Dissertation Director: James E. Simon Kinkéliba (Combretum micranthum, Fam. Combretaceae) is an undomesticated shrub species of western Africa and is one of the most popular traditional bush teas of Senegal. The herbal beverage is traditionally used for weight loss, digestion, as a diuretic and mild antibiotic, and to relieve pain. The fresh leaves are used to treat malarial fever. Leaf extracts, the most biologically active plant tissue relative to stem, bark and roots, were screened for antioxidant capacity, measuring the removal of a radical by UV/VIS spectrophotometry, anti-inflammatory activity, measuring inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and glucose-lowering activity, measuring phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) mRNA expression in an H4IIE rat hepatoma cell line. Radical oxygen scavenging activity, or antioxidant capacity, was utilized for initially directing the fractionation; highlighted subfractions and isolated compounds were subsequently tested for anti-inflammatory and glucose-lowering activities. The ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of the crude leaf extract were fractionated leading to the isolation and identification of a number of polyphenolic ii compounds. -
Specialty Sorghums for Gluten Free Foods
SPECIALTY SORGHUMS FOR HEALTHY FOODS Dr. LLOYD W. ROONEY, Professor and Faculty Fellow Dr. JOSEPH M. AWIKA, Research Associate Cereal Quality Lab, Soil & Crop Sciences Dept. Texas A&M University 2474 TAMUS College Station, Texas 77843-2474 1 I. INTRODUCTION Sorghum is a major crop used for food, feed and industrial purposes worldwide. In the Western Hemisphere it is mainly used as a livestock feed and has not been considered a significant ingredient in foods. With over 40,000 accessions in the world collection, tremendous diversity exists in sorghum in both composition and processing properties. The kernel varies in size, shape, color, density, hardness, composition, processing properties, taste and texture and nutritional value. This chapter reviews information on new food sorghums and other special sorghums with unique properties that could be used in producing a wide variety of food products for specialty markets and health foods. The paper will emphasize white food sorghum hybrids and special tannin and black sorghums with high levels of phytochemicals. These special sorghum varieties are an excellent source of nutraceuticals that can compete effectively with fruits and vegetable sources. In addition, we will indicate other opportunities for producing healthy foods from sorghum. A. Sorghum production Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal crop grown in the world. It is a major food grain in Africa and parts of India and China. In 2003, 42.1 million hectares of sorghum were harvested worldwide, with a total production of 54.7 million metric tons. United States, India, and Nigeria are the largest producers of sorghum representing approximately 19.2%, 14.5%, and 14.5% of the total world production, respectively, in 2003. -
Supplementary Materials Evodiamine Inhibits Both Stem Cell and Non-Stem
Supplementary materials Evodiamine inhibits both stem cell and non-stem-cell populations in human cancer cells by targeting heat shock protein 70 Seung Yeob Hyun, Huong Thuy Le, Hye-Young Min, Honglan Pei, Yijae Lim, Injae Song, Yen T. K. Nguyen, Suckchang Hong, Byung Woo Han, Ho-Young Lee - 1 - Table S1. Short tandem repeat (STR) DNA profiles for human cancer cell lines used in this study. MDA-MB-231 Marker H1299 H460 A549 HCT116 (MDA231) Amelogenin XX XY XY XX XX D8S1179 10, 13 12 13, 14 10, 14, 15 13 D21S11 32.2 30 29 29, 30 30, 33.2 D7S820 10 9, 12 8, 11 11, 12 8 CSF1PO 12 11, 12 10, 12 7, 10 12, 13 D3S1358 17 15, 18 16 12, 16, 17 16 TH01 6, 9.3 9.3 8, 9.3 8, 9 7, 9.3 D13S317 12 13 11 10, 12 13 D16S539 12, 13 9 11, 12 11, 13 12 D2S1338 23, 24 17, 25 24 16 21 D19S433 14 14 13 11, 12 11, 14 vWA 16, 18 17 14 17, 22 15 TPOX 8 8 8, 11 8, 9 8, 9 D18S51 16 13, 15 14, 17 15, 17 11, 16 D5S818 11 9, 10 11 10, 11 12 FGA 20 21, 23 23 18, 23 22, 23 - 2 - Table S2. Antibodies used in this study. Catalogue Target Vendor Clone Dilution ratio Application1) Number 1:1000 (WB) ADI-SPA- 1:50 (IHC) HSP70 Enzo C92F3A-5 WB, IHC, IF, IP 810-F 1:50 (IF) 1 :1000 (IP) ADI-SPA- HSP90 Enzo 9D2 1:1000 WB 840-F 1:1000 (WB) Oct4 Abcam ab19857 WB, IF 1:100 (IF) Nanog Cell Signaling 4903S D73G4 1:1000 WB Sox2 Abcam ab97959 1:1000 WB ADI-SRA- Hop Enzo DS14F5 1:1000 WB 1500-F HIF-1α BD 610958 54/HIF-1α 1:1000 WB pAkt (S473) Cell Signaling 4060S D9E 1:1000 WB Akt Cell Signaling 9272S 1:1000 WB pMEK Cell Signaling 9121S 1:1000 WB (S217/221) MEK Cell Signaling 9122S 1:1000 -
Potential Enhancement of Dietary Isothiocyanates Combination on Biological Activities
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations Dissertations and Theses July 2017 POTENTIAL ENHANCEMENT OF DIETARY ISOTHIOCYANATES COMBINATION ON BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES Kanyasiri Rakariyatham University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2 Part of the Biology Commons, and the Food Science Commons Recommended Citation Rakariyatham, Kanyasiri, "POTENTIAL ENHANCEMENT OF DIETARY ISOTHIOCYANATES COMBINATION ON BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES" (2017). Doctoral Dissertations. 963. https://doi.org/10.7275/9959223.0 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/963 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. POTENTIAL ENHANCEMENT OF DIETARY ISOTHIOCYANATES COMBINATION ON BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES A Dissertation Presented by KANYASIRI RAKARIYATHAM Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2017 Food Science © Copyright by Kanyasiri Rakariyatham 2017 All Rights Reserved POTENTIAL ENHANCEMENT OF DIETARY ISOTHIOCYANATES COMBINATION ON BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES A Dissertation Presented by KANYASIRI RAKARIYATHAM Approved as to style and content by: _________________________________________