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The Death of the Income Tax (Or, the Rise of America's Universal Wage
Indiana Law Journal Volume 95 Issue 4 Article 5 Fall 2000 The Death of the Income Tax (or, The Rise of America’s Universal Wage Tax) Edward J. McCaffery University of Southern California;California Institute of Tecnology, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ilj Part of the Estates and Trusts Commons, Law and Economics Commons, Taxation-Federal Commons, Taxation-Federal Estate and Gift Commons, Taxation-State and Local Commons, and the Tax Law Commons Recommended Citation McCaffery, Edward J. (2000) "The Death of the Income Tax (or, The Rise of America’s Universal Wage Tax)," Indiana Law Journal: Vol. 95 : Iss. 4 , Article 5. Available at: https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ilj/vol95/iss4/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School Journals at Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Indiana Law Journal by an authorized editor of Digital Repository @ Maurer Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Death of the Income Tax (or, The Rise of America’s Universal Wage Tax) EDWARD J. MCCAFFERY* I. LOOMINGS When Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, just weeks into her tenure as America’s youngest member of Congress, floated the idea of a sixty or seventy percent top marginal tax rate on incomes over ten million dollars, she was met with a predictable mixture of shock, scorn, and support.1 Yet there was nothing new in the idea. AOC, as Representative Ocasio-Cortez is popularly known, was making a suggestion with sound historical precedent: the top marginal income tax rate in America had exceeded ninety percent during World War II, and stayed at least as high as seventy percent until Ronald Reagan took office in 1981.2 And there is an even deeper sense in which AOC’s proposal was not as radical as it may have seemed at first. -
Expatriate & Secondment Arrangements
Expatriate & Secondment Arrangements Presentation for: Presented by: Executive Compensation Webinar Series Anthony J. Eppert June 8, 2017 713.220.4276 [email protected] Housekeeping: Technical Issues and Questions . Technical issues – If you are having difficulty viewing this presentation, please call Cisco WebEx Tech Support toll free at 866.229.3239 . Questions during this presentation – We encourage questions (even though your audio lines are muted) – To submit a question, simply type the question in the blank field on the right-hand side of the menu bar and press return – If time permits, your questions will be answered at the end of this presentation. And if there is insufficient time, the speaker will respond to you via e-mail shortly after this presentation i Housekeeping: Recording, CE Credits and Disclaimer . Recording – This presentation is being recorded for internal purposes only . Continuing education credits – A purpose of the webinar series is to provide FREE CE credits – To that end, each presentation is intended to provide 1 credit hour in the following areas: CLE: 1 credit hour (Texas) CPE: 1 credit hour (Texas) HRCI: This activity has been approved for 1 (HR (General)) recertification credit hours toward California, GPHR, PHRi, SPHRi, PHR, and SPHR recertification through the HR Certification Institute SHRM: This program is valid for 1 PDC for the SHRM-CPSM or SHRM-SCPSM – If you have any questions relating to CE credits, please direct them to Anthony Eppert at [email protected] or 713.220.4276 . Disclaimer – This presentation is intended for informational and educational purposes only, and cannot be relied upon as legal advice – Any assumptions used in this presentation are for illustrative purposes only – No attorney-client relationship is created due to your attending this presentation or due to your receipt of program materials ii Housekeeping: About Anthony “Tony” Eppert . -
U.S. Taxation of Americans Abroad
U.S. taxation of Americans abroad Global Mobility Services 2017 ______ kpmg.com U.S. taxation of Americans abroad The following information is not intended to be “written advice concerning one or more federal tax matters” subject to the requirements of section 10.37(a)(2) of Treasury Department Circular 230 as the content of this document is issued for general informational purposes only. The information contained herein is of a general nature and based on authorities that are subject to change. Applicability of the information to specific situations should be determined through consultation with your tax adviser. KPMG LLP (U.S.) does not provide legal services. * * * * * * If you are a citizen or resident of the United States who lives or works abroad, this publication is designed to help you understand your U.S. income tax obligations. Your tax situation may be especially challenging in the year that you move to or from the United States, and it is generally advisable to seek tax advice in both the U.S. and your host country before you move, if possible, thereby helping to prevent tax “surprises” in either country. United States tax law is continually changing. This booklet reflects U.S. income tax law as it applies to taxable years ending on or before December 31, 2016. You may also be interested in our companion publication, U.S. Taxation of Foreign Citizens, which is available online on the KPMG Global Mobility Services Web page on http://www.kpmg.com at this link. For further information, please contact your local KPMG International member firm’s office. -
Congress Move to Create Business Incentives
This press release is from the collections at the Robert J. Dole Archive and Special Collections, University of Kansas. Please contact us with any questions or comments: http://dolearchive.ku.edu/ask ·. NEWS,,om U.S. Senator Bob Dole (R.-Kans.) New Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20510 (202) 224-6521 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE CONTACT: BILL KATS TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1978 202-224-8947 CONGRESS MUST MOVE TO CREATE BUSINESS INCENTIVES, DOLE SAYS HARRISBURG, Pa. -- Sen. Bob Dole (R-Kan.) said today that Congress must move now to reverse loiJgs.tanding ,government over-regulation and create a favorable economic climate in -which the American· business community can flourish. "For over-40 years," Dole said, "the thrust of American economic policy under administrations of both politi_cal parties has been towards more government regulation, tax laws that produce higher revenues each year for government, economic policies that discourage investment and job creation, and excessive reliance on the public sector to prime the American ec onomic pump." Dole cited recent. government figures indicating that part of the recent decline in productivity is due to increased regulations, and that productivity lost because of . these regulations costs industry $2 billion a year. But Dole said he was encouraged by recent trends in and outside of the Senate that urge businesses and individuals to.invest their resources, rather than pay higher taxes. 11Nothing so vivi dl y demonstrates the renewed support for pro-investment economic policies as the capital _gains tax reduction legislation now working its way through Congress," he sai-d. "Just yesterday, the Senate· Finance Co1110ittee voted to slash the maximum capital gains tax rate by an even greater amount than that already approved by the House. -
Title 350, Chapter 40: Property Tax Exemptions
NEBRASKA ADMINISTRATIVE CODE Title 350 – Nebraska Department of Revenue, Property Assessment Division Chapter 40 – Property Tax Exemption Regulations Effective Date – 7/3/2013 Alphabetic Table of Contents SUBJECT STATUTORY AUTHORITY SECTIONS Agricultural and Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 77-202, and 77-702. 004 Horticultural Society Property Tax Exemptions Application, County Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 45-104.01, 77-202.01, 77-202.02, 77-202.03, 006 Review, and Appeal 77-202.04, 77-202.05, 77-202.10, 77-203, 77-702, 77-1502, and Procedures for Property Tax 77-5013. Exemptions Beginning Farmer Personal Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 49-1202, 49-1203, 77-104, 77-105, 77-118, 012 Property Exemption 77-119, 77-120, 77-377, 77-702, 77-5203, and 77-5209.02. Disabled or Blind Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 60-3,185, 60-3,189, 77-202.23, 77-202.24, 011 Honorably Discharged 77-202.25, and 77-702. Veteran Exemption Educational, Religious, Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 77-202, and 77-702. 005 Charitable, and Cemetery Property Tax Exemptions General Rules Applicable to Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 77-202, and 77-702. 002 Property Tax Exemptions Governmental Property Tax Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 77-202, and 77-702. 003 Exemptions Motor Vehicle Tax Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 60-3,189, 77-702, and 77-5013. 010 Exemptions Pre-existing Tax Liens on Neb. Rev. Stat. §§ 25-1555, 77-702, 77-1737, and 77-1862. 008 Tax Exempt Property Property Transfers or Use Neb. Rev. Stat. §§77-202, 77-202.03, and 77-702. 007 Conversions During Tax Year Public Notice of Property Neb. -
GENERAL A< TARIFFS and TRADE
See bound volume for *S(sP*$ of this series for addenda/corrigenda/revisions // _ 2? RESTRICTED GENERAL A< to this document. Spec(68)88/Add.3 TARIFFS AND TRADE 19 December 1968 Working Party on Border Tax Adjustments Original: English/ French BOEDER TAX ADJUSTMENTS Information Supplied by Contracting Parties Addendum In response to the requests S6t out in L/3039 page 5, paragraphs 1 and 2, further replies which are attached hereto have been r6C6iv6d from th6 following Governments: • - A. Replies from member States of th6 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, supplementing OECD documentation: Page Norway 2 - B. Replies from non-members of the OECD: Cameroon 5 United Arab Republic -^ Spec(68)88/Add.3 Page 2 Annex I NORWAY A. The following corrections should be made to the OEGD Pact-Finding Report (OBCD document C (68) 47): Part I £ggg_Ji: Norway should be mentioned under paragraph 20(c). Producers' goods are taxable in Norway. Page 13; Norway should be deleted from.paragraph 28. Only certain services are taxable. Reference is made to Part III, page 41. Page 39: Norway should be added to the list of countries under paragraph 93(a), but deleted from 93(b). As indicated above producers' goods ar6 taxable, but no adjustments are made at the border for this tax. Part III Page 42: As from 1 January 1968 the excise duty on articles of silver was reduced to 7.5 per cent. A proposal has been made, to the Storting to abolish as from 1 January 1969 the excise duty on articles of platinum, gold and silver as well as on imitation jewellery. -
Characteristics of Plastic Bag Fee and the Evaluation of This Fee by Means of Fiscal and Environmental Policy
34.International Public Finance Conference / Turkey April 24-27, 2019, Antalya – Turkey 54 DOI: 10.26650/PB/SS10.2019.001.008 CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASTIC BAG FEE AND THE EVALUATION OF THIS FEE BY MEANS OF FISCAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY Erdem ERCAN1 Abstract In many countries of the world and mainly in European countries, implementations in order to reduce the use of plastic, by means of academic, administrative and political efforts, have resulted in the form of scientific reports, conventions, directives and legal regulations at national and international level. The implementations are rapidly spreading. In parallel to these developments in Turkey, a new and integrated environmental policy began with the “Zero Waste Project” in order to implement waste segregation at source, reduce and recycle waste. In this context, the first legal step was taken to reduce the use of plastic by a series of legal regulations known as “plastic bag fee regulation”. The goal was determined as reducing the amount of annual average plastic bag usage by 90%, from 440 to 40 per capita. After that, it is foreseen to establish a recycling infrastructure which will be financed by the revenues, to be obtained from the plastic bags. This development, of course, necessitates the pursuit of an environmentally motivated fiscal policy that supports the new environmental policy. In this study, first of all the characteristics and elements of the plastic bag fees will be emphasized, and after determining the type of income of this fee, the issue will be evaluated by means of fiscal and environmental policies. Afterwards, some countries which have realized the same issue will be evaluated and it will be comparisoned with the situation in Turkey. -
Tax Policy Effects on Business Incentives in Pakistan
Tulane Economics Working Paper Series Tax Policy Effects on Business Incentives in Pakistan James Alm Mir Ahmad Khan Department of Economics Federal Board of Revenue Tulane University Government of Pakistan [email protected] Working Paper 1705 Jul 2017 Abstract The Pakistan system of taxing enterprises has undergone major changes in recent years. Neverthe- less, the corporate tax system remains plagued by a number of problems, problems that relate to the neutrality, the yield, and the simplicity of the tax system. This chapter discusses these issues, with a focus on the distorting effects of tax policy on business invest. Keywords: Corporate income tax, effective tax rate, tax reform. JEL codes: H20, H25, H32, H87. Tax Policy Effects on Business Incentives in Pakistan James Alm and Mir Ahmad Khan* Abstract: The Pakistan system of taxing enterprises has undergone major changes in recent years. Nevertheless, the corporate tax system remains plagued by a number of problems, problems that relate to the neutrality, the yield, and the simplicity of the tax system. This chapter discusses these issues, with a focus on the distorting effects of tax policy on business investment and on the ways in which the taxation of business can be reformed. Keywords: Corporate income tax, effective tax rate, tax reform. JEL Codes: H20, H25, H32, H87. *Department of Economics, Tulane University; and Federal Board of Revenue, Government of Pakistan. We are grateful to Mushtaq Ahmad, Musharraf Cyan, and Nydar Mukhtar for their assistance in preparing this chapter, especially the calculations of effective tax rates. We are also grateful to Mr. Anjum Ata Sheikh and Mr. -
The Unpopularity of Incentive-Based Instruments: What Improves the Cost
The unpopularity of incentive-based instruments: What improves the cost- benefit ratio? Isabelle Stadelmann-Steffen and Clau Dermont Institute of Political Science, University of Berne E-Mail: [email protected] Phone: +41 31 631 83 55 Published in Public Choice 175(1-2), pp 37–62 Abstract Whereas ecological economists argue strongly in favor of incentive-based approaches to pro- mote renewable energy sources and reduce energy consumption, those instruments have been shown to be particularly difficult to implement politically. We begin with a recognition that cost perceptions that inherently characterize incentive-based policy instruments are a fundamental reason for their unpopularity. We therefore argue that the crucial question that policymakers need to address is how the benefit-cost ratios of incentive-based instruments can be altered in ways such that their inherent costs become acceptable. By focusing on the various features of these instruments, we propose three strategies for answering this question theoretically: objec- tively reduce the costs, reduce the visibility of the costs, and identify compensation strategies, | downloaded: 28.9.2021 i.e., strengthen the benefit side of the equation. Based on a conjoint analysis for Switzerland, our results demonstrate that reducing objective and perceived costs may indeed strengthen sup- port for incentive-based policy instruments, whereas cost compensation does not seem to work as well. We show, moreover, that the latter can be explained by the fact that substantial numbers of voters do not understand or are not convinced by the commonly proposed mechanism of en- vironmental taxes. Given that voters do not believe in the usefulness and efficacy of incentive- based policy measures, no cost compensation is feasible. -
Repealed Taxes and Fees
Repealed Taxes and Fees Overview and Table of Contents This section summarizes the state's transportation repealed taxes and fees. The taxes and fees in this section are arranged in alphabetical order. For the statewide motor vehicle excise tax, refer to the supplementary information following the general description of the tax. Repealed Taxes and Fees ................................................................................................ 287 Aircraft Pilot Registration Fee .............................................................................................. 288 Airman/Airwoman Registration Fee ..................................................................................... 289 Centennial License Plates ..................................................................................................... 290 Clean Air Excise Tax ............................................................................................................ 291 Mobile Home/Travel Trailer Dealer Excise Tax .................................................................. 292 Motor Vehicle Excise Tax (MVET), Statewide and Local ................................................... 293 Historical MVET Distributions ............................................................................................. 297 Motor Vehicle License Fee ................................................................................................... 298 Travel Trailer and Camper Excise Tax ................................................................................ -
Reforming Mobile Sector Taxation in Pakistan: Unlocking Economic and Social Benefits Through Tax Reform in the Mobile Sector
Reforming mobile sector taxation in Pakistan: Unlocking economic and social benefits through tax reform in the mobile sector Copyright © 2019 GSM Association 1 About the GSMA EY | Assurance | Tax | Transactions | Advisory The GSMA represents the interests of mobile About EY operators worldwide, uniting more than 750 operators with over 350 companies in the broader EY is a global leader in assurance, tax, transaction mobile ecosystem, including handset and device and advisory services. The insights and quality makers, software companies, equipment providers services we deliver help build trust and confidence and internet companies, as well as organisations in in the capital markets and in economies the world adjacent industry sectors. The GSMA also produces over. We develop outstanding leaders who team to industry-leading events such as Mobile World deliver on our promises to all of our stakeholders. In Congress, Mobile World Congress Shanghai, Mobile so doing, we play a critical role in building a better World Congress Americas and the Mobile 360 Series working world for our people, for our clients and for of conferences. our communities. For more information, please visit the GSMA EY refers to the global organization, and may refer to corporate website at www.gsma.com one or more, of the member firms of Ernst & Young Global Limited, each of which is a separate legal entity. Follow the GSMA on Twitter: @GSMA and Ernst & Young Global Limited, a UK company limited @GSMAPolicy by guarantee, does not provide services to clients. Report published March 2019 For more information about our organization, please visit ey.com. Disclaimer This report (Report) was prepared by Ernst & Young LLP for the GSM Association using information provided by the GSM Association and data from publicly available sources. -
Towards a Fair and Just Fiscal Policy in Pakistan
ISSUE BRIEFING 5 JUNE 2015 TOWARDS A FAIR AND JUST FISCAL POLICY IN PAKISTAN ‘The impact of economic growth on the lives of people is partly a matter of income distribution, but it also depends greatly on the use that is made of the public revenue generated by economic expansion.’ Drèze and Sen (2013)1 Pakistan does not mobilize sufficient tax revenue required to finance essential public services, including healthcare and education, on which the poor rely the most. Consequently, these services remain inadequate, hampering efforts to reduce poverty and address extreme inequalities. Furthermore, the current tax system in Pakistan is characterized as unfair and inequitable. Two-thirds of tax revenue is mobilized through indirect taxation which is regressive in nature and unfairly burdens the poor and middle classes. 1 BACKGROUND There is an emerging concern that rising income and wealth inequalities in Pakistan are having social and economic costs including violence, political instability and social fragmentation.2 There has also been a realization over time by experts, that fiscal policy in Pakistan has not been redistributive.3 In 2014, total revenue generation by the public sector was around 9.8 percent of GDP, which is among the lowest in emerging economies.4 The low level of domestic resource mobilization has three visible implications. First, essential public services, including basic education, health and clean drinking water – services which the poorest sections of society depend on the most – are under financed. Second, public debt is increasing, caused by the government’s need to borrow both from internal and external sources to meet essential expenditure.5 This has a knock-on effect in terms of the higher future tax burden.