JANUARY 1-7, 2021 Truth & Tradition theepochtimes.com | B1 GREG BAKER/AFP viA GEtty imAGEs Special coverage exclusive Calgary Mayor, Canada at a Crossroads: Facing an Increasingly Aggressive Communist Other Officials Target of Chinese See editor’s note on B2 Regime Influence: Leaked Document

Frank FanG & omid Ghoreishi THE EPOCH TIMES

Calgary Mayor Naheed Nenshi, a number of Cal- gary city officials, Calgary Mayor several academ- Naheed Nenshi. ics, and a former tHE CAnADiAn PREss/ mayor of St. John’s JEFF mCintOsH are all on a list of targets that Chinese officials hope to influence to further the communist regime’s interests. The list, disclosed in a leaked gov- ernment document recently obtained by The Epoch Times, reveals names spanning a wide range of sectors and countries in which the Chinese re- gime seeks to “cultivate talent.” The 2019 document was issued by A paramilitary police officer stands guard in Tiananmen Square in a file photo. the Foreign Affairs Office of the- mu nicipal government of Daqing, a city in northeastern China. Communist China’s Continued on B2 Silent War Against the West How Chinese Data Trove on 2 Million For decades, CCP has been using ‘unrestricted warfare’ People, Including to weaken allied Western nations, including Canada, from within Canadians, Serves ’s ‘Unrestricted Bowen Xiao & omid Ghoreishi consequences, are far-reaching. limited to propaganda warfare, THE EPOCH TIMES Skirting the traditional, direct culture warfare, memetic war- Warfare’ military confrontation offensives fare, front operations, political News Analysis that have become somewhat out- Unrestricted infiltration, technological and tealthily and with sweeping pre- dated in modern times, this un- telecommunications warfare, le- JusTina wheaLe cision, the Chinese Communist conventional strategy has become warfare has gal warfare, economic espionage, THE EPOCH TIMES Party (CCP) has been waging a central to the communist regime’s become education espionage, cyberwar- decades-long war against the West approach to warfare. central to the fare, and sanctions warfare. The News Analysis S to achieve world domination by The strategy is highlighted in regime employs all of these to A Chinese database containing the utilizing a military strategy known the 1999 book “Unrestricted War- communist varying degrees simultaneously personal information of millions of as “unrestricted warfare.” fare,” authored by two Chinese air regime’s in multiple sectors of society in people around the globe—includ- Unbeknown to most of the popu- force colonels—Qiao Liang and approach to order to undermine or influence ing at least 5,000 Canadians, among lation, the CCP has infiltrated al- Wang Xiangsui—and published the targeted country. them Prime Minister Justin Trudeau most every major avenue of life in by the People’s Liberation Army, warfare. In 2014, Chinese state-sponsored and Conservative Party Leader Erin countries like the United States and the armed forces of the CCP. The hackers infiltrated the computer O’Toole—was recently leaked to Canada—leaving virtually no in- book, which has been translated networks of Canada’s National Re- Western media, offering a glimpse dustry untouched. While this threat into English, is based on the origi- search Council. The attack cost Can- into the regime’s effort to harvest has largely existed undetected, the nal army documents. ada hundreds of millions of dollars. data on targeted foreigners. effect it has had on the targeted Beijing uses an array of sub- nations, as well as its geopolitical versive tactics, including but not Continued on B3 Continued on B3

LEAH miLLis/POOL/AFP viA GEtty imAGEs ‘Generational The Ties Between Canada’s Threat’: US Taking Elite and Powerful and Beijing CLEmEnt sABOuRin/AFP viA GEtty imAGEs Unprecedented Yao LianG & TanYa du Steps to Counter THE EPOCH TIMES Commentary Communist China For decades, high-level Cana- dian leaders, well-connected elites, and powerful corpora- U.S. Secretary of State tions have pushed for closer ties Joan deLaneY Mike Pompeo. THE EPOCH TIMES between Canada and China. Chinese Premier Li Keqiang speaks at a Infographic: These closer links have ben- conference of the Canada China Business News Analysis U.S. confrontation of the efited a narrow group of indi- Council in on Sept. 23, 2016. In its efforts to counter the CCP, speeches by several top viduals and corporations, while Beijing’S threat of an increasingly officials, including Secretary the average Canadian has borne Its implementation strategy, they belligerent Beijing regime, of State Mike Pompeo and the brunt of the adverse conse- say, is to “target elites in the West so inFSpaceluence the United States has been National Security Adviser quences, such as weakened na- that they either welcome China’s pulling out all the stops. Robert O’Brien, strongly tional security and job loss. dominance or accede to its inevita- over international A slew of extensive measures lashed out at Beijing and The Chinese regime has an bility, rendering resistance futile.” Force in 2020 to oppose the Chinese its increasingly aggressive ambition to become the world’s Canada is one of the countries organizations Communist Party’s growing and hostile actions toward number one global power, Beijing has targeted for elite hostility signify a sea change America and the world. scholars Clive Hamilton and capture for decades. in Washington’s China policy. Mareike Ohlberg write in their Page B4 In this new era of direct Continued on B8 2020 book “Hidden Hand.” Continued on B6

READ WHAT OTHERS WON’T REPORT North America’s Fastest-Growing Independent Newspaper, Delivering TRUTH and TRADITION TRUTH and TRADITION See subscription details on A3 B2 | SPECIAL REPORT JANUARY 2021

ABOUT THIS SPECIAL REPORT Introduction We hope you enjoy this Epoch Times special report, DANA CHENG bringing you the facts behind communist China’s influence and infiltration within Canada hen I was growing up in China a few decades The CCP uses Confucius Institutes and Chinese student and exposing the true nature of ago, we were told the communists were going organizations to influence the academic system in other the . to liberate the whole world. countries, while stealing innovation and research ideas In the 1950s, the Chinese Communist Party in their initial stages. Our regular 40-page weekly paper consists of four sections (CCP) directed the entire country to make The way the CCP handled the coronavirus outbreak clearly featuring Canadian & World Wquality steel. China would catch up with the United Kingdom showed its true nature. It covered up information about News, Opinion, Mind & Body, in 5 years and America in 10 years. Instead, this movement the virus from the Chinese people until more and more Culture & Tradition, Life & brought the Chinese economy to near collapse and, in the three cases were found in nearby countries among travellers from Leisure, along with two pages of years from 1959 to 1962, 40 million people died due to famine. China. It does not care about its own people. Why should crosswords and other puzzles. Yet the CCP has never given up on the idea of catching it care about people in other countries? As an independent newspaper, up and taking over (or “liberating,” as it would say) the Canada is at a crossroads in its relations with Beijing, as the we endeavour to cover important world. Under , China began doing busi- communist regime continues to hold Canadian citizens cap- news and topics in an unbiased ness with the rest of the world and the door to China was tive, punishes Canada’s economy, commits human rights viola- manner, with no hidden agenda opened wide. The CCP has been systematically infiltrating tions against the Chinese people, and acts ever more belligerent or spin, because we believe that other countries ever since, and it has used its propaganda on the world stage. This makes looking at Beijing’s behaviour truth and tradition are key to a healthy society. media to influence public opinion in the West. globally, and its impact in Canada, all the more relevant. The regime seeks to muddle the concepts of the CCP and In this special report, we present a few aspects of how the China, so that any criticism of the Party is said to be a criticism CCP has targeted Canada, especially its elites. Perhaps more HOW THIS SPECIAL of China and the Chinese people. In this way, the CCP takes ad- important than understanding these details is understand- REPORT IS FUNDED vantage of people’s generosity and kindness toward the Chinese ing the nature of the CCP itself and its threat to the world. This special report is funded by people. The CCP is not a political party or regime in the normal We’re also including an excerpt of the new book “How the subscriptions and donations. sense. It does not represent the Chinese people; it is a small group Spectre of Communism Is Ruling Our World,” published By subscribing or making a that seized power illegitimately and holds onto it by tyranny. by The Epoch Times to shed light on how China donation, you can help us The CCP has stolen military technology from other replaced the Soviet Union as the primary threat continue to deliver truthful countries to build its own military, with the clear goal to the free world. The West got China wrong for reporting free from influence by of global domination. many reasons. any government, corporation, or It developed the Thousand Talents Plan and many other This special report also covers recent unprec- political party. such programs to bring advanced technology from over- edented efforts by Canada’s allies to counter Every donation, big or small, seas to China, and it has gradually lured manufacturers the CCP threat. helps us immensely in and high-tech companies from other nations to China. continuing to deliver the It has used its century-old “united front” strategy to Dana Cheng grew up in Wuhan, Hubei high-quality journalism that we’re known for. infiltrate international organizations and think tanks Province, China. She earned her doctorate and to influence politicians and elites in every field. in physics in the United States. One of It has gradually shaped mainstream opinion in the the founders of The Epoch Times, she is To Donate, Visit: West in favour of the Chinese communist regime. currently senior editor of China news. Donate.EpochTimes.ca To Subscribe, Visit: Offers.EpochTimes.ca

How to View This Special Report Online Leaked Document: Calgary Mayor, Other Officials Download and share your free copy of our Target of Chinese Regime Influence special report at: ept.ms/specialreport THE CANADIAN PRESS/JEFF MCINTOSH CONTINUED FROM B1 the cities,” note Hamilton and Ohl- berg. This strategy originates from the PUBLISHER Daqing’s Foreign Affairs Office time before the CCP came to power Cindy Gu states in the document that it in China in 1949, when the Party re- would start an initiative called treated to the countryside and sur- EDITORS the “100 overseas talent cultiva- rounded the cities in its fight against Chrisy Trudeau, Cindy Chan, Joan tion plan.” the rival Nationalist Party. Delaney, Justina Wheale, Matthew It’s a program found in many other “This slogan should not be un- Little, Omid Ghoreishi, Rahul local governments in China, as well derstood only in the literal sense; Vaidyanath, and Sandra Shields. as within the central government. the idea is to go to areas where A 2019 report by the U.S.–China the CCP’s enemies are weak or Letters to the editor: Economic and Security Review not well represented, organize [email protected] Commission (USCC) listed several the population there, and then Comments or tips: national-level talent programs that use them to encircle the enemy’s [email protected] have “recruited or repatriated tens strongholds,” the book says. of thousands of individuals to China.” Connections with these local politi- The same report stated that hundreds cians can then be leveraged to pres- OFFICES of such programs exist at the local sure national governments, Ham- government level as well. ilton, a professor of public ethics at 344 Consumers Road In the leaked document, although Charles Sturt University in Canberra, Toronto, ON M2J 1P8 the Daqing office doesn’t explain told The Epoch Times in a previous Vancouver how it would carry out its plan or Calgary Mayor Naheed Nenshi in a file photo. interview. 530 E Kent Ave S what the plan’s specific goals are, it In 2010, when Richard Fadden Vancouver, BC V5X 4V6 listed 129 “overseas” individuals it Calgary Economic Development “In this way, in addition to the of- was head of the Canadian Security Calgary wished to recruit. and the mayor’s office in St. John’s ficial embassy and consulate, CCP Intelligence Service, he said that a #3, 1916 30 Ave NE The document contains only the but didn’t hear back. foreign affairs agencies have added number of provincial and munici- Calgary AB T2E 7B2 first name for some of those individu- The list has targets that span the a quasi-diplomatic organization pal politicians in Canada were sus- als, but each entry states the person’s globe, including people in the that isn’t on the list of diplomatic pected of being under the influence current or former job positions, ca- United States, , United envoys and isn’t regulated by for- of foreign governments. CUSTOMER SERVICE reer fields, and contact information. Kingdom, Pakistan, Spain, and the eign governments,” he says. Other security experts and China [email protected] The list consists of 19 people in current mayor of the small city of According to Heng, the friendship analysts also support that position. readepoch.ca/help Canada, 13 of whom are based in Esbjerg in Denmark. The Epoch city can be “co-opted” to perform “The CCP will carefully identify 1-800-766-0157 Calgary. Besides Nenshi, the list Times contacted the Esbjerg mayor tasks that further the CCP’s interests where the centres of political, eco- includes a number of other senior but received no reply. Two former without being noticed. This includes nomic, and cultural power lie, and city officials as well as an individual mayors of the Australian city of “united front work,” the CCP’s term who are the most powerful people in Published in 36 countries who at one point was in charge of the Perth were also included. for efforts to influence people and those areas,” Hamilton said. and 22 languages. China initiative at Calgary Economic organizations overseas to promote “It will then attempt to create a Development, a not-for-profit corpo- its agenda, Heng says. profile of each person and find a ration partly funded by the city and way to approach them to draw them If you enjoyed other government partners. Other The CCP will carefully identify CCP Influence into the CCP world.” targets are academics, a University where the centres of political, Scholars Clive Hamilton and Mareike Hamilton said the CCP is very good reading this special of Calgary senior administrative of- Ohlberg write in their new book “Hid- at “disguising its operations,” hiding report and found it ficial, and senior executives with a economic, and cultural power den Hand” that Chinese officials use behind ideas such as “people-to-peo- informative, then number of Calgary-based businesses. lie, and who are the most sister city arrangements to build per- ple exchanges” or “win-win coopera- The City of Calgary is a sister city of powerful people in those areas. sonal relationships. These can then tion and building economic linkages.” Daqing, also an energy hub. be “weaponized” when a city plans “Mostly the elites themselves are SUBSCRIBE TODAY A spokesperson for Nenshi told The activities that go against CCP posi- duped by this strategy, because the CLIVE HAMILTON Epoch Times that the mayor was not academic and author tions, such as deals with Taiwan or CCP plays on their weaknesses. It ap- aware he was on any list. meetings with the Dalai Lama. peals to their desires and their hopes.” because there are “While Daqing has been one of Cal- The CCP uses a strategy dubbed as many consequences gary’s sister cities since 1985, Mayor According to China commentator “using the countryside to surround With reporting by Cathy He to China’s rise for Nenshi has had no personal contact and Epoch Times contributor Heng with city officials,” Adam Noble-John- He, the Chinese Communist Party PROVIDED TO THE EPOCH TIMES Canada and the world, son, the mayor’s communications (CCP) dubs its city partnerships as and we keep our strategist, said in an email. “citizen diplomacy.” A section The document also lists officials Heng says that the Chinese orga- of the list readers up to date from the Atlantic provinces. In- nization in charge of promoting ties maintained by cluded are former St. John’s mayor between Chinese and foreign cities— the Daqing city on this important issue. government’s Dennis O’Keefe as well as an official the Chinese People’s Association for Foreign Affairs Offers.EpochTimes.ca with Halifax Partnership—the city’s Friendship with Foreign Countries Office, partly public-private economic develop- (CPAFFC)—has senior Party officials redacted 1-877-288-3115 ment organization. among its ranks and “is a proxy of to protect The Epoch Times contacted China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs.” identities. JANUARY 2021 SPECIAL REPORT | B3

LIONEL BONAVENTURE/AFP VIA GETTY IMAGES

The logo of social media video sharing app TikTok on Nov. 21, 2019. CHINA INFILTRATION Communist China’s Silent War Against the West

CONTINUED FROM B1 Canadian media, and influence discourse One such avenue is its CCP-backed Confu- influence operations, suppress dissident move- on Canadian campuses in its favour. cius Institutes, which infiltrate and operate on ments, gather intelligence, and facilitate the Canadian telecom giant Nortel, which filed for The committee pointed out similar threats university and college campuses in Canada and transfer of other countries’ technology to China, bankruptcy in 2009, was the subject of massive in its 2018 annual report, saying China is other countries in order to boost the regime’s according to a June report by the Australian Stra- years-long IP theft by Chinese hackers, accord- conducting “espionage and foreign influ- image. It also aims to push a foreign policy goal tegic Policy Institute. ing to the company’s former senior security ad- ence activities in Canada.” The report added of making the regime not only an economic FBI Director Christopher Wray testified in viser Brian Shields. Shields is convinced that the that China is among the most active foreign superpower, but also a cultural one. 2018 that the bureau was attempting to view beneficiary of the IP theft was Chinese telecom state actors trying to access Canadian gov- Other examples are more blatant, such as a the danger posed by China “as not just a whole- giant Huawei, which started to prosper in global ernment networks and the communications former chair of ’s chemistry of-government threat, but a whole-of-society markets around the same time Nortel M of federal government officials. department being recently indicted for making threat on their end.” To counter China’s strategy AR K W I was going bankrupt. LS According to Conservative MP false statements about funding he received from effectively, Wray said the United States must O N / In a recent speech, Britain’s G Garnett Genuis, the gravest China, and a Chinese citizen in the United States also employ a “whole-of-society response.” E T T Chief of the Defence Staff Y security threat the free world who was found guilty of economic espionage, U.S. officials have also begun to realize the

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General Sir Nick Carter said G faces is ongoing efforts by the theft of trade secrets, and conspiracy. national security threats posed by Chinese

E Beijing is aiming to defeat the S Chinese regime and other In the latter case, a man identified as 41-year- telecom giants Huawei and ZTE. In June, the West “using attacks below the non-state actors to influence Federal Communications Commission (FCC) threshold that would prompt a elites and take over control formally designated Huawei and ZTE as na- war-fighting response.” of democratic institutions for tional security threats, thus banning access to The Chinese regime, for ex- their own purposes. Canada has not made a decision on whether money from the FCC’s US$8.3 billion a year ample, has “harnessed technolo- “There’s a need for a broader rec- to ban Huawei from its 5G networks. Universal Service Fund to buy or modify any gies and tactics that have outpaced ognition of the risk … a recognition equipment or services produced or provided the evolution of international law The seal of the FBI. of the fact that elites at every level old Hao Zhang was found to have attempted to by these two suppliers. to avoid their actions being classi- are subject to efforts at this kind of steal trade secrets from two U.S. companies “for Chinese-owned TikTok, which has seen mete- fied as conflict under the current definitions co-opting, whether it’s school boards, small- the benefit of the People’s Republic of China,” oric growth in North America, was also recently of international law,” Carter said. town mayors, university presidents, individual according to the U.S. Justice Department. Zhang found to be secretly reading users’ clipboard To counter this threat, Carter said the Brit- members of Parliament—there’s a lot of attempt stole information specifically related to the per- data, although the app now claims that it has ish Armed Forces have adopted a new “Inte- at this kind of influence,” said Genuis, a member formance of wireless devices. fixed the issue. There are similar concerns about grated Operating Concept.” The strategy, which of the Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China, The Thousand Talents Plan, one of the more Zoom, as researchers with the University of To- marks a significant shift in military thinking, is an international cross-party group of legislators, widely known CCP talent recruitment or “brain ronto’s Citizen Lab found that encryption keys a response to the advancing technology and in a recent interview. gain” programs, encourages theft of intellectual were being transmitted to servers in China. Re- non-traditional tactics, such as Liberal MP John McKay describes China as property from government institutions, accord- cently unsealed court documents filed by U.S. campaigns, used by adversaries. the “colonial power of the 21st century.” ing to the FBI. By offering competitive salaries, federal prosecutors said that a Zoom executive A 2018 report on a workshop organized by “While this may not be a cold war, it is in some state-of-the-art research facilities, and honorific worked with Chinese authorities to provide data the Canadian Security Intelligence Service says respects an asymmetric war with a front on in- titles, these programs lure talent from overseas on users located outside China. Beijing is utilizing a “multi-dimensional strategy tellectual property, academics, trade, human to China, “even if that means stealing propri- This summer, Washington announced that to lift China to global dominance.” rights, and pretty well the entire panoply of etary information or violating export controls it is banning TikTok as well as Chinese so- “This strategy integrates aggressive diplo- relational elements between one nation and to do so,” the bureau states. cial media WeChat, citing national security macy, asymmetrical economic agreements, another as China asserts its colonial status,” said The Globe and Mail said in an August report concerns. TikTok is racing against time to technological innovations, as well as escalating McKay, chair of the Standing Committee on that it has found at least 15 Canadian academics sell its U.S. business to an American firm, military expenditures,” the report says. Public Safety and National Security, in a par- who have taken part in the Thousand Talents while both companies have launched legal The Canadian parliamentary watchdog that liamentary session in December 2019. Plan. These experts specialize in the fields of challenges on the ban. oversees national security, the National Se- quantum computing, advanced electronics and Meanwhile, Canada has not made a decision curity and Intelligence Committee of Parlia- Tactics engineering, vaccines, chemistry, and artificial on whether to ban Huawei from its 5G networks. mentarians, said in its 2019 annual report that While some of Beijing’s tactics such as its long intelligence. Three of Canada’s five allies in the Five Eyes Beijing maintains “significant and sustained history of intellectual property theft and unfair One of the key organizations the CCP uses intelligence group—the United States, Austra- foreign interference activities” in Canada. trade practices are more obvious, others that use for influence operations abroad is the United lia, and New Zealand—have already banned This includes targeting the diaspora, seeking what Chinese officials have called “soft power” Front Work Department. This unit coordinates Huawei from their 5G networks, while the U.K. to corrupt political processes, manipulate are harder to detect. thousands of groups to carry out foreign political has established a plan to phase it out. How Chinese Data Trove on 2 Million People, Including Canadians, Serves Beijing’s ‘Unrestricted Warfare’

NICOLAS ASFOURI/AFP VIA GETTY IMAGES CONTINUED FROM B1 with data compiled by other Chinese entities strategy of using a series of unconven- to be used in a range of operations to further tional tactics designed to accomplish The list included influential Canadians in the regime’s interests. the objectives of war without engaging politics, technology, and trade, and even in actual combat. children of politicians, including the Files on 2.4 Million People The ultimate goal of this strategy, Fleming 11-year-old daughter of Trudeau, accord- Chinese company Shenzhen Zhenhua Data said, is to “destroy democracy [to prepare] for ing to The Globe and Mail. The Globe is part Technology amassed the database with files the takeover of Chinese communism globally.” of an international consortium of media on 2.4 million people, compiled mostly from Zhenhua’s majority owner, Wang Xue- outlets that obtained the list. open-source material such as social media feng, a former IBM engineer, has previously The Zhenhua data leak provides but a small posts and online data but with a substantial posted on Chinese social media about wag- window into the Chinese communist regime’s portion of information that was not publicly ing “hybrid warfare” by manipulating pub- extensive overall data-harvesting activities. available. A reconstruction of about 10 per- lic opinion and “psychological warfare,” “The scope is beyond most people’s com- cent of the database by Australian cybersecu- An unidentified Chinese hacker at an office in according to ABC. Dongguan city, China, on Aug. 4, 2020. prehension,” said Casey Fleming, CEO of rity firm Internet 2.0 revealed that it includes Shoebridge points out that the database intelligence and security strategy firm records on some 52,000 Americans, 35,000 people” and denied any links to the Chinese includes profiles on children of powerful BlackOps Partners. Australians, 9,700 Britons, and 5,000 Cana- government or military. A representative of people such as politicians and business ex- According to Fleming, the intelligence dians, according to ABC News. the company said Zhenhua’s customers are ecutives, allowing the regime to target these gathered in the database is used to sup- “research organizations and business groups.” individuals through vulnerabilities found in port the Chinese regime’s “unrestricted Experts told The Epoch Times that such a their offspring. hybrid warfare” operations. This includes denial is unsurprising. “That’s a pretty disturbing potential use of espionage, covert overseas influence cam- The ultimate goal of unrestricted hybrid Shoebridge said the statement “cannot be data like that,” he said. paigns, and stealing foreign innovation warfare, Fleming said, is to ‘destroy taken at face value” given that Chinese laws At the same time, many of these children and military technology. democracy for the takeover of Chinese compel the country’s companies to assist may themselves become influential people Michael Shoebridge, director of defence, communism globally.’ Chinese security and intelligence agencies later in life. And so “the ability to exploit strategy, and national security at the Austra- and require them to publicly deny doing so. and influence those individuals is much lian Strategic Policy Institute think tank, lik- greater because you’ve got a much more ened the database to a single plastic ball in a In response to The Guardian, Zhenhua Unrestricted Hybrid Warfare comprehensive understanding of them large ball pit. This dataset would be combined said that “there is no database of 2 million Unrestricted hybrid warfare refers to a over time,” he said. B4 | BY BOWEN XIAO JANUARY 2021 | B5

Current and former Chinese Communist Party officials The CCP’s Influence Over International Groups hold key positions in international organizations

INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND (IMF) WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) Zhang Tao, deputy managing director Ren Minghui, assistant director-general for communicable diseases Zhang previously was the deputy governor of the People’s of China. He also worked in other high Ren worked for nearly three decades at the CCP’s Ministry of Health before positions at the bank including director-general of the Legal Affairs Department, director-general of joining the WHO. He was director-general for international cooperation at the International Department, and director-general of the Financial Survey and Statistics Department. the CCP’s National Health and Family Planning Commission.

WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION (WIPO) WORLD BANK Wang Binying, deputy director-general, Brands and Designs Sector Yang Shaolin, managing director and World Bank Group chief administrative officer Wang worked at the CCP’s Ministry of Communication and Transportation, after Yang was the director-general for international economic and financial cooperation at the CCP’s which she joined the CCP’s State General Administration for Industry and Commerce. Ministry of Finance.

WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION (WMO) WORLD BANK Wenjian Zhang, assistant secretary-general Hua Jingdong, vice president and treasurer Zhang previously was director-general of the CCP’s National Satellite Meteorological Center, Hua previously worked in China’s National Chemical Corporation. The as well as deputy administrator of the CCP’s Meteorological Administration. Zhang was corporation’s parent company is China National Chemical Engineering Group Corp., a responsible for developing the 10-year plan of the Chinese Meteorological Satellite Program. state-owned enterprise.

UN HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL (UNHRC) ASIAN INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT BANK (AIIB) Jiang Duan, Asia-Pacific representative, consultative group of the Council Jin Liqun, president Jiang was previously a Chinese diplomat and minister of China’s mission to Jin previously spent nearly two decades at the CCP’s Ministry the United Nations in Geneva. of Finance, reaching the rank of vice-minister.

INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION (ITU) ASIAN INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT BANK Zhao Houlin, secretary-general Zhang Wencai, director for China Before joining the ITU, Zhao was an engineer at the Design Institute of Zhang concurrently holds the position of director-general of the Department of the CCP’s Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications. He assisted the International Economic and Financial Cooperation at the CCP’s Ministry of Finance. CCP in creating “telecommunication standards” and “national plans.” He has served at the CCP’s Ministry of Finance in various senior roles, including as the director-general of the Department of External Economic Cooperation.

INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION (ICAO) ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB) Liu Fang, secretary-general Liu held a number of key posts, including director and deputy director-general, at Chen Shixin, vice president for operations the General Administration of Civil Aviation of China over a 20-year period. Liu was Chen previously headed the Department of International Economic the chief negotiator for the CCP’s bilateral and multilateral transport agreements. and Financial Cooperation at the CCP’s Ministry of Finance.

UN INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION (UNIDO) ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Li Yong, director-general Cheng Zhijun, executive director for China Li was the vice-minister at the CCP’s Ministry of Finance as well as a Cheng was the deputy director-general of the Department of International member of the Monetary Policy Committee of the People’s Bank of China. Economic and Financial Cooperation at the CCP’s Ministry of Finance. He also Li also was the first secretary of China’s mission to the United Nations. served as deputy director-general of the Finance Department in the same ministry.

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO) Qu Dongyu, director-general INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (IDB) Qu was the CCP’s vice-minister of agriculture and rural affairs. He also was the vice Yi Gang, governor governor of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and the vice president of the Chinese Gang concurrently serves as the governor of the People’s Bank of China. Previously, Academy of Agricultural Sciences. he served as the bank’s vice governor and as director of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange.

UN DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS (UN DESA) NEW DEVELOPMENT BANK (NDB) Liu Zhenmin, under-secretary-general Zhu Xian, vice president and chief operating officer Liu was previously vice-minister for foreign affairs of China. He began his career Zhu previously worked at the CCP’s Ministry of Finance as director-general of at the CCP’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1982. He also was the ambassador and the International Department. He also worked in other departments including permanent representative to the CCP’s mission to the United Nations in Geneva. external finance, World Bank operations, and sovereign debt management.

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE (ICJ) NEW DEVELOPMENT BANK Xue Hanqin, vice president Liu Kun, governor Xue was the Chinese ambassador to the U.K. and the Netherlands. She was also a member of Chinese Liu represents the CCP on the NDB Board of Governors. He concurrently serves as the CCP’s delegations in treaty negotiations in fields of international law such as outer space, human rights, minister of finance. Previously, he served as director of the Budgetary Affairs Commission of the nuclear safety, law of the sea, international criminal law, and diplomatic privileges and immunities. National People’s Congress, vice-minister of finance, and vice governor of Guangdong Province.

UN ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM (UNEP) WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO) Liu Jian, UN environment chief scientist and acting director of the science division Yi Xiaozhun, deputy director-general Liu previously was the deputy director-general of the Bureau of Resources and Environment Yi was previously the CCP’s assistant minister and subsequently vice-minister of at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the CCP’s national academy for the natural sciences. commerce in charge of multilateral and regional trade negotiations and cooperation. He also served as a diplomat at the Chinese Embassy in the United States for more than four years.

UN HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROGRAM (UN-HABITAT) WTO APPELLATE BODY Yang Rong, officer-in-charge, regional programs division Zhao , member Yang was the director-general of the Department of Building Energy Efficiency and Science & Zhao previously was vice president of the Chinese Academy of International Technology at the CCP’s Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. He also served as the Trade and Economic Cooperation, a research institution under the CCP’s deputy permanent representative of the CCP’s mission to UN-Habitat. Ministry of Commerce. She had been commissioner for trade negotiations at the Department for WTO Affairs at the CCP’s Ministry of Commerce.

INTERNATIONAL FUND FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT (IFAD) INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY (IAEA) Wu Guoqi, associate vice president, Corporate Services Department Yang Dazhu, deputy director-general and head of technical cooperation Wu previously worked for the CCP’s Ministry of Finance in various positions, Yang was previously the CCP’s director-general for international including chief of the G20/BRICS Division. cooperation at the China Atomic Energy Authority. He had also been the minister-counsellor of the Permanent Mission of China to the IAEA.

WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION (UNWTO) Zhu Shanzhong, executive director ORGANIZATION FOR THE PROHIBITION OF CHEMICAL WEAPONS (OPCW) Zhu was previously vice chairman of the CCP’s National Tourism Administration, Chen Kai, director of external relations which has since been dissolved. As vice chairman, he oversaw the composition and Chen previously held posts at the CCP’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs and was also China’s editing of key tourism documents such as the Mid- & Long-Term Planning of Inbound deputy permanent representative to the OPCW. He also served as vice president and and the 12th Five-Year Plan of Tourism Information Construction. secretary-general of the China Arms Control and Disarmament Association.

ALL PHOTOS BY WHO; WIPO; WMO; UNWATCH; ITU; ICAO; UNIDO; FAO; UN; ICJ; UNEP; ICCCASU; IFAD; UNWTO; IMF; WORLD BANK; AIIB; ADB; USCC; NDB; WTO; IAEA; OPCW B6 | SPECIAL REPORT JANUARY 2021

COMMENTARY The Ties Between Beijing and

CP PHOTO CONTINUED FROM B1

We’re seeing the results of this now, as Ottawa con- tinues to dally in responding to Beijing’s hostilities as the regime holds Canadians Michael Kovrig and Michael Spavor hostage, blocks Canadian imports, persecutes Chinese people, and creates instability on the world stage.

Setting a Course In 1970, the government of Prime Minister became one of the first Western govern- ments to establish diplomatic relations with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) as the ruler of China. Canada’s recognition of the regime paved the way for other Western countries to follow suit and for the CCP to join international bodies such as the United Nations. Establishing relations with communist China and bringing it into the United Nations was one of Trudeau’s primary foreign policy objectives after he became prime minister in 1968. While on a visit to Moscow to attend a propaganda conference in 1952, long before becoming prime min- ister, Trudeau, then a political activist from Quebec, reportedly told the wife of the U.S. chargé d’affaires that he was a communist and a Catholic and had THE CANADIAN PRESS come to Moscow to criticize the United States and should use his authority to stop the extradition praise the Soviet Union, according to the 2013 book of Huawei executive Meng Wanzhou, who was Prime Minister “The Truth About Trudeau” by Bob Plamondon. arrested in Vancouver in December 2018 on a Pierre Trudeau Referring to the episode, columnist and author Mark U.S. extradition request. Mulroney advised that shakes hands Milke wrote in Maclean’s that Trudeau “may not have Chrétien and André Desmarais be sent to China with Chairman actually been a communist in 1952 but his remarks on behalf of Canada to negotiate the release of Mao Zedong in Beijing on Oct. revealed an inclination even then to skip over the Kovrig and Spavor, who were arrested by Beijing 13, 1973. brutality of communist countries.” in retaliation for Meng’s arrest. In a reversal of po- Trudeau had travelled to China in 1949 as a sition, Mulroney said in June 2020 that he regrets young man, and again in 1960 on a trip sponsored making the suggestion, telling the Globe that by the regime. He chronicled the latter trip with Canada should rethink its relations with China. co-author Jacques Hébert in their book, “Two Several other prominent Canadian politicians, Innocents in Red China.” including former cabinet ministers, have also During their visit, the two witnessed scenes of one worked for Power Corp. of the darkest periods of the communist regime, the Another influential executive at the company , as noted in an article in The was Maurice Strong, who later worked as the Globe and Mail. During this period, lasting from 1958 under-secretary-general of the United Nations. The relationship between Bo and Canada’s to 1962, Chairman Mao Zedong wanted to quickly Strong is the nephew of prominent pro-com- Canadians Michael Kovrig (L) business community is rooted in the close ties bring industrialization to China and forced farmers munist reporter Anna Louise Strong. Accord- and Michael Spavor, who have he had with the Desmarais family. to produce steel rather than crops, with those deemed ing to the Epoch Times series “How the Spectre been in captivity in China The Globe reported last year that Bo’s son, Bo not complying facing torture and even death. The of Communism Is Ruling Our World,” Maurice since December 2018. Guagua, works for Power Corp. But the ties go Great Leap Forward led to a devastating famine that Strong was deeply influenced by his aunt and all the way back to the time of Paul Desmarais Sr. killed tens of millions of people. described himself as “a socialist in ideology and and ’s father. According to the Globe, Bo’s In their book, however, Trudeau and Hébert write, a capitalist in methodology.” father, , at that time vice premier of the “We are convinced that we are witnessing the begin- After retirement, Strong moved to Beijing, CCP, visited Paul Desmarais Sr. in the 1970s while ning of an industrial revolution.” where he lived for the rest of his life. In a 2010 en route to Washington to lay the groundwork During his official visit to China as prime minister interview with the Guardian, he said he still main- for U.S. President Richard Nixon’s trip to China. in 1973, where he met with Mao and Premier Zhou tained some co-operation with the United Na- Shortly after Bo became China’s commerce Enlai, Trudeau praised the regime for its governance, tions “in particular to China and that region.” minister in 2004, Power Corp. was one of the first saying the system it had developed “in comparison Power Corp. is a founding member of the Can- foreign companies receiving designation to buy with all previous Chinese social systems, is striving to ada China Business Council (CCBC), which was and sell -denominated shares on Chinese provide human dignity and equality of opportunity spearheaded by Paul Desmarais Sr. The business stock exchanges, the Globe notes. for the Chinese people.” mogul once remarked that Mao was one of the Trudeau’s comment came at a time when Mao was four historical figures he respected most. CITIC-Power Corp. Ties in the middle of his disastrous and bloody Cultural CITIC Group Corporation—the CCBC’s only Revolution, which resulted in an estimated death toll Canada China Business Council China-based founding member—is one of the ranging from hundreds of thousands to 20 million, The CCBC advocates for strong relations with Chinese entities with which Power Corp. has with millions of Chinese suffering from torture and China and has counted among its ranks for- deep ties. The company is a state-owned invest- humiliation, seizure of property, and the destruction mer politicians or individuals who went on to ment company established to bring in foreign of the economy and traditional culture. become politicians. investment to China. At Beijing’s insistence, Trudeau refused to issue Paul Desmarais Sr. was the founding chair It was founded with the personal approval of permits to allow Taiwan to take part in the 1976 Olym- of CCBC. His son André is an honorary Deng Xiaoping, the paramount leader of the Chi- pic Games in Montreal, even though the team was chair of the organization, and the current Behind some of the most nese regime after Mao’s death. Its founder, Rong recognized by the International Olympic Committee chair is André’s son, Olivier. aggressive lobbying efforts for Yiren, later a vice president of the People’s Re- (IOC). To refuse entry to a country recognized by the CCBC, formerly called the Canada China Trade stronger Canada-China ties is public of China, was known as “the red capitalist.” IOC was unprecedented and met with strong objec- Council, was founded in 1978. It lists eight major CITIC has a reputation for having links to tions by the United States. Canadian corporations and the Chinese state- a handful of big corporations the Chinese military and to China’s espio- Trudeau’s admiration for the CCP had long-term owned company CITIC as founding members. with extensive business nage apparatus. implications and set in motion decades of China- Half of the Canadian founding members— operations in China. Wang Jun, who was at one time the chairman appeasing policies. namely Power Corp., BMO Financial Group, of CITIC, was also at the same time in charge of In 2013, when his son Justin Trudeau, then the Bombardier, and SNC-Lavalin—are based in Poly Group, a Chinese state-owned enterprise leader of the Liberal Party and seeking to become Montreal. The others are Barrick Gold Corp., formed as a manufacturing arm of the People’s the next prime minister, was asked which coun- Export Development Canada, Manulife Finan- Liberation Army. Wang was at the centre of a do- try he admired most, he said: “There’s a level of cial, and Sun Life Financial, the latter based in nation scandal in the United States in the 1990s, admiration I actually have for China. Their basic Montreal until 1978. when Arkansas restaurateur and Democratic dictatorship is actually allowing them to turn their The book “Claws of the Panda” says the Party donor Yah Lin “Charlie” Trie used his in- economy around on a dime.” founding CCBC members “became a per- fluence to secure a meeting between Wang and suasive lobby for enhanced relations with then-president Bill Clinton in 1996. At the time Corporate Ties China, for which the benefits of trade were of the meeting, Wang’s Poly company was under Behind some of the most aggressive lobbying held to be of paramount concern.” investigation for illegal arms trading in the Unit- efforts for stronger Canada-China ties is a hand- The Canada-China business community ed States. Representatives of the company were ful of big corporations with extensive business has strong links with a once-powerful Chi- charged with arms smuggling into the United operations in China. nese official, Bo Xilai. States a few months after the meeting.

The Montreal-based Power Corporation, a multi- Bo was a rising star of the CCP until he was EW AN Clinton later said he shouldn’t have met with DR GERE R/G billion-dollar company, has been removed from his post as Party chief of the ET Wang, and the US$640,000 amount donated TY IM described as “the premier gatekeeper of [Canada’s] megacity of Chongqing after a scandal in- A by Trie to the Democratic National Conven- G E formal relations with China” by author Jonathan Man- volving Chongqing official Wang Lijun. S tion, as well as $460,000 raised for Clinton’s thorpe in his 2019 book, “Claws of the Panda.” Wang gave the American Consulate in legal defence, were returned amid questions In 1968, the company came under the control of Chengdu accounts of the involvement of about the source of the funds and allegations Paul Desmarais Sr. and was run by his sons Paul Jr. Bo and Bo’s wife, Gu Kailai, in the mur- of China’s role in the affair. and André, who served as co-CEOs until 2019, when der of a British businessman. A leaked 1997 joint report by the RCMP and the they announced they were stepping down from their Bo was part of a faction loyal to former Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) roles as CEOs but staying on as chairman and deputy Chinese leader , a rival of current accused CITIC of the same influence-peddling chairman respectively. leader Xi Jinping. According to some accounts, tactics in Canada. Some of Canada’s most influential people Bo and some other officials in Jiang’s faction had “CITIC has repeated the gesture [as it did in the have links to Power Corp., including four for- been plotting to overthrow Xi, and this was one of United States] by contributing through its Cana- mer prime ministers. the main reasons Bo was removed from power. André Desmarais, son dian subsidiaries to Canadian political parties,” Former prime minister Jean Chrétien’s daughter Both Bo and wife Gu were heavily involved of Power Corp. founder the report said. is married to André Desmarais. Chrétien, Pierre in—and profiting from—the state-sanctioned Paul Desmarais Sr. The 2019 book “Chinese Spies,” by veteran Trudeau, and former prime minister Brian Mul- harvesting of organs from Dafa prisoners French journalist Roger Faligot, says the leader- roney all served as advisory board members of of conscience. ship of CITIC “is known to harbour within its Power Corp. after leaving office. Former prime Chrétien once called Bo an “old friend,” and ranks a large number of Chinese secret agents.” minister was president of one of the Sergio Marchi, who is a former Liberal trade According to “Hidden Hand,” Paul Desmarais company’s subsidiaries, , minister and a past CCBC president, called Sr. was the main force behind bringing CITIC into and later bought it with a partner in the 1980s. Bo “one of our key bridges,” according to The the CCBC, “and thus into the most senior levels In 2019, Chrétien said Canada’s justice minister Globe and Mail. of Canada’s business elite.” JANUARY 2021 SPECIAL REPORT | B7 Canada’s Elite and Powerful

AP PHOTO/NG HAN GUAN André Desmarais was a board member of Quebec Premier Philippe CITIC Pacific, a subsidiary of CITIC, from 1997 Couillard attends a signing to 2014. During this period, Power Corp. bought ceremony between Canadian stakes in CITIC Pacific. companies and their Chinese Power Corp. also has 13.9 percent ownership in counterparts in Beijing on China Asset Management, an affiliate of CITIC. Oct. 29, 2014. Couillard Mackenzie Financial Corporation, an indirect said that he wouldn’t raise subsidiary of Power Corp., has a 13.9 percent the issue of human rights during his trip. stake in China Asset Management as well. CITIC has included many CCP “”— children of Party leaders—in its leadership ranks, including Wang Jun, the son of one of the CCP’s eight elders, and Bo Xicheng, the brother of Bo Xilai and son of Bo Yibo, one of the Party’s most senior political figures. Paul Desmarais Sr. and André first met Rong during a business mission to China at the invita- tion of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, accord- ing to La Presse. Before Power Corp. bought a stake in CITIC, the Desmarais-Rong relationship had resulted in another joint venture in 1986: an investment in a pulp mill in British Columbia.

‘Expanding the Relationship’ to discussing the issue was in a meeting with talks failed in 2017 due to the Chinese side not Former prime minister Mulroney, who has Chinese premier . wanting to entertain Trudeau’s request to consider provided professional services to Power Corp. For the 10 years as the prime “Chretien raised the issue so briefly that a progressive values in the deal. on different occasions, also sat on the board of minister, I met the president of Chinese foreign affairs ministry official later The same year, Canada committed hundreds of CITIC after leaving office. According to a Globe China 17 times, so I was close insisted it had not come up at all, and Nova millions of dollars in investment in Beijing’s pres- article, Paul Desmarais Sr. was one of Mulroney’s Scotia Premier John Savage, who was at the tige-building initiative, the Asian Infrastructure two main mentors as a young man. Power Corp. to China. meeting, did not initially recall any mention of Investment Bank, meant to rival other multilateral regularly used Mulroney as a labour lawyer. FORMER PRIME MINISTER the subject,” the article said. development such as the World Bank. According to the 2014 book “Engaging China,” JEAN CHRÉTIEN The approach of sidelining human rights in fa- Despite a clause in the United States-Mexico- after a 1986 official visit to China as prime minis- in interview with vour of business interests has been far too com- Canada Agreement (USMCA) preventing mem- Chinese state-owned media CGTN ter, Mulroney wrote, “Much remains to be done mon a theme among many political leaders. ber countries from forming free trade deals with in expanding the relationship, but persistent During a trip to China in 2014, then-Liberal Que- “non-market” economies—a clear reference work by successive Canadian prime ministers, bec premier Philippe Couillard said he would not to China—Trudeau said in 2018 that Ottawa principally Pierre Trudeau, is clearly paying off.” be bringing up the issue of human rights, saying, intends to pursue deeper trade ties with the Following the 1989 Tiananmen Square “you have to listen to the point of view of your hosts Chinese communist regime. massacre, when much of the Western world on these questions.” The Liberal government was criticized by the shunned diplomatic ties with Beijing, Mul- After leading another delegation to China in opposition and U.S. politicians for allowing the roney told Zhu Rongji, China’s vice premier 2018, during which he signed 40 agreements takeover of two security-sensitive high-tech com- at the time, that Canada “would be prepared worth $262 million, Couillard said he didn’t panies by Chinese companies. One was Norsat, a to fully engage with China in the years ahead” want to “defeat” the purpose of the mission Vancouver-based satellite communications firm, but would need to be cautious because of with “misguided comments.” He said others and the other was ITF Technologies, a Montreal- Canadians’ concerns about human rights. shouldn’t “dictate to China how they govern based laser technology company. Mulroney played a key role in forging a part- themselves internally.” In 2016, Trudeau’s attendance at cash-for-access nership between Desmarais and entrepreneur Former Progressive Conservative deputy prime events became a source of controversy after it was Peter Munk to invest in gold deposits in China in minister Jean Charest, who was premier of Quebec revealed that some of the guests had ties to Beijing. 1994, a year after the end of his prime minister- from 2003 to 2012, criticized the Harper govern- One guest was Zhang Bin, an adviser to the Chi- ship. During a trip to China, Munk was impressed ment in 2014 for not pursuing trade ties more ag- nese regime. The event was held at the mansion of that Mulroney was able to arrange a dinner with gressively with China. Benson Wong, president of the Toronto Chinese Zhu Rongji, then head of China’s central bank, Charest is now providing consulting services to Chamber of Commerce. Attendance cost $1,500 without whom they wouldn’t be able to get ac- Huawei to help the company in Meng’s extradi- per person. Zhang and a partner donated $1 mil- cess to China’s gold deposits. AP PHOTO/ANDREW WONG, POOL tion case and in its bid to be involved in Canada’s lion to the Pierre Elliott Trudeau Foundation and “This is a good example of how Brian [Mul- 5G network. The former premier, as well as Ed- the University of Montreal Faculty of Law, where roney] uses his connections and contacts and die Goldenberg, former senior political adviser Pierre Trudeau had taught. turns them into international business oppor- to Chrétien, were among several Canadian politi- The Liberal government has been consistently tunities for the companies he’s involved with,” cians whose names were in a dossier of key Ca- soft on China. At one point, Ottawa was even con- Munk told the Globe. nadian influencers Beijing provided to Huawei sidering an extradition treaty with Beijing. to advance its interests in Canada, according to Human rights and national security concerns Pro-Beijing Turn the Globe, which obtained a copy of the dossier. aside, close economic ties and inclusion of a Under the leadership of Chrétien, Canada be- During Chrétien’s tenure, Canada withdrew regime that doesn’t play by the rules in global came much more pro-Beijing. its support for a U.N. resolution censuring Chi- organizations may have benefited some cor- Chrétien once told the Chinese state- na for human rights abuses in 1997. Instead, porations and individuals, but it hasn’t been owned news network CGTN that he visited any talk of human rights was reserved for pri- to the benefit of Canadians. China “many, many” times when he was vate meetings, where Chinese representatives A 2017 report by the Centre for the Study of prime minister. simply brushed off the issue. Living Standards found that between 2001 and “For the 10 years as the prime minister, I met The year 1997 was also a key year for Power 2011, Canada lost 150,000–170,000 jobs due to the president of China 17 times, so I was close to Corp.’s foray into CITIC, as that was when it ac- increased Chinese imports. Another report in China,” Chrétien said. quired a significant stake in the company’s sub- the same year by the Broadbent Institute said The Chinese leader during Chrétien’s tenure sidiary CITIC Pacific and when André Desmarais Canada has lost close to 550,000 manufacturing was Jiang Zemin, who came to power follow- became a board member of the subsidiary. jobs since 2000, around the time that China was ing the Tiananmen Square massacre, as the Prime Minister Jean Chrétien Chrétien also supported China’s admission to brought into the World Trade Organization—a previous leader, , was deemed meets with Chinese leader Jiang the World Trade Organization, which was instru- move Chrétien was a proponent of. too sympathetic to the protest movement. Ji- Zemin before their bilateral talks in mental in enriching the regime’s coffers. Ottawa’s tone on China has seemingly become Shanghai on Oct. 20, 2001. ang went on to launch a brutal campaign of Martin, who succeeded Chrétien as prime min- more direct of late, with Prime Minister Justin persecution against the traditional meditation ister, maintained his predecessor’s China policy. Trudeau recently calling out Beijing for its “coer- discipline Falun Dafa in 1999. During a 2005 trip by Chinese leader Hu Jintao to cive diplomacy.” But this has yet to be backed up After the 1989 Tiananmen Square massacre, Canada, Martin and Hu agreed to build a “strategic by any concrete actions—and that’s what Cana- Chrétien was one of the first world leaders to partnership” between the two countries. dians want, according to a poll by Ekos Research bring China out of isolation, rebooting relations Some of the biggest orders for Martin’s ship- in November. The poll showed that 83 percent with Beijing after the West had shunned the re- building business before he became prime min- of respondents said Canada should stand up to gime for its killing of unarmed protesters. ister came from China. According to an article China to uphold Canadian values of respect for Chrétien made a trade visit to China in 1994, published in The Walrus, in 1995 his Canada human rights and the rule of law. bringing along premiers, foreign affairs offi- Steamship Lines company commissioned three It created an uproar when internal government cials, and some 400 business executives. The new self-unloader vessels from the Chinese state- documents made public in early December delegation signed $9 billion in trade deals owned Jiangnan shipyards. showed that Global Affairs had pushed for the while in China. Canadian military to maintain training exercises Ahead of the trip, Chrétien and other officials Two men chat next to the offices Resuming Close Ties with China’s People’s Liberation Army (PLA) in said they would be using the visit to discuss the is- of CITIC Pacific in in a When Stephen Harper became prime minister early 2019, shortly after China arrested Kovrig and sue of human rights. But that issue was put aside, file photo. Power Corp. bought a in 2006, there was a considerable change in Spavor. The pushback by Global Affairs occurred a Maclean’s article noted. significant stake in CITIC Pacific, Canada’s China policy, with Harper more vo- following a decision by the Canadian military to “We do not practise megaphone diplomacy, a subsidiary of CITIC, in 1997, cally calling out Beijing’s human rights viola- cancel winter training with the PLA due to security but we do not practise doormat diplomacy and André Desmarais was a board tions. He also refused to go to the 2008 Beijing concerns raised by the United States. The move either,” a senior Foreign Affairs Department member of the subsidiary from Olympics, which angered the CCP. demonstrated Ottawa’s flawed thinking that the official told Maclean’s at the time. 1997 to 2014. However, in the later years of his tenure, his gov- communist regime can be a trusted partner. The article said the closest Chrétien came ernment began to ease its tone on China. The Liberal government also still hasn’t ruled Manthorpe writes in “Claws of the Panda” out using Huawei equipment in Canada’s 5G net- that behind this warming up in tone was “a works, despite security concerns from the intel- major lobby operation mounted using the ligence community and the United States, which CCP’s agents of influence in business and has warned that it would limit intelligence sharing academia to get the Harper government to with Canada if it allowed Huawei to participate in change its attitude toward China.” the country’s 5G. A poll in May 2020 by Research After the Liberal Party won the 2015 federal Co. showed that 75 percent of Canadians don’t PHILIPPE LOPEZ/AFP VIA GETTY IMAGES GETTY VIA LOPEZ/AFP PHILIPPE election, it almost immediately began a policy want Huawei equipment in Canada’s 5G. of seeking closer ties with China. The govern- According to scholar Hamilton, untangling the ment also spent money on public relations Chinese regime’s influence in Canada would be a initiatives to warm Canadians toward closer 10-year struggle, as “the influence of the CCP runs Canada-China ties. very deep in Canadian institutions.” Trudeau visited China in 2016 and 2017, pursu- If our leaders want to seriously put the interests ing preliminary talks toward a free trade agree- of Canadians first rather than those of a few among ment, despite a $50 billion imbalance in trade the elite, they should make the effort to start to- between the two countries in China’s favour. The day—and achieve it much sooner than 10 years. B8 | SPECIAL REPORT JANUARY 2021 ‘Generational Threat’: US Taking Unprecedented As Washington pushes back against an increasingly hostile Beijing, a number of countries are also taking action against the threat posed by the regime

ERIC BARADAT/AFP vIA GETTY IMAGES continued from B1 met with officials in allied countries, -in cluding Japan, , India, Israel, “The days of American passivity and naivety and European states. regarding the People’s Republic of China “This is not a rivalry between the United 2,000 are over,” O’Brien said in a speech in June States and China—this is for the soul of the InvestIgatIons about the CCP’s ideology and global ambi- world,” Pompeo told Japan’s public broad- tions, noting that “the Chinese Communist caster NHK. “This is about whether this The FBI currently has more than Party does not equal China or her people.” will be a world that operates [as] a rules- 2,000 active The Department of State reported that based international order system, or one investigations the CCP “poses the central threat of our that’s dominated by a coercive totalitarian that trace back times, undermining the stability of the regime like the one in China.” to the Chinese world to serve its own hegemonic am- He called on the group to collaborate Communist Party. bitions.” Pompeo has been working to against what he called Beijing’s “exploi- create a bloc, what he has termed “a new As part of building such an alliance— tation, corruption, and coercion.” grouping of like-minded nations—a new The FBI headquarters as well as persuading countries to avoid In his groundbreaking speech in Cali- alliance of democracies,” to stand togeth- in Washington using Chinese telecom giant Huawei’s fornia in July, Pompeo said it needs to be er against the regime. on April 3, 2019. equipment in their 5G networks—he has recognized that the CCP is fundamentally

World Actions Against Beijing’s Threats

A Hikvision camera at a shopping The logos of TikTok and WeChat. The Huawei logo. A sign for Wall Street in . NYPD officer Baimadajie Angwang. mall in Beijing. US Takes Action on US Takes Action on US Slaps New Export US Bill Aiming to Delist US Cracks Down Chinese Companies, Chinese Companies, Rules on China Chinese Companies on Chinese Espionage State Media State Media From Stock Exchanges Washington has labelled 15 Continued In April, the U.S. Com- Washington announced U.S. federal prosecutors Chinese state-owned me- subsidiary ComNet—from operating in merce Department in August a proposal to announced new China- dia outlets, including CGTN and Peo- the United States unless they can show released new export control rules to delist Chinese companies from U.S. related espionage cases almost every ple’s Daily, as foreign missions, identi- they are free of influence from Beijing. prevent efforts by entities in China stock exchanges if they fail to com- week in the last few months. fying them as propaganda organs of the In June, the FCC designated Hua- to acquire U.S. technology that could ply with U.S. securities laws and Some notable examples include Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The wei and ZTE as national secu- aid the Chinese military. The rules investor protection requirements. the arrest of New York police officer U.S. Senate has also introduced a bill to rity threats, as both are subject to require U.S. companies to obtain In a report by the President’s Baimadajie Angwang accused of spy- limit Chinese state media journalists’ Chinese law—as are all Chinese licences to sell certain items—includ- Working Group on Financial Mar- ing for the Chinese Consulate; five Chi- presence in the United States. citizens and organizations—which ing semiconductor equipment and kets, the U.S. Treasury recom- nese nationals charged with hacking In February, U.S. prosecutors obligates them to cooperate with sensors—to companies in China that mended that companies from more than 100 companies and enti- charged Huawei with conspiracy Beijing’s intelligence agencies. support the military, even if the items China and other countries that do ties worldwide; a Chinese researcher to steal trade secrets. The same month, the Pentagon are indicated to be for civilian use. not comply with U.S. auditing and at the University of California, Los Hundreds of Chinese companies named 20 Chinese companies In May, the United States blocked accounting standards be delisted Angeles, charged with destroying evi- and government entities, includ- that are either owned or controlled Huawei from buying semiconduc- from U.S. stock exchanges start- dence (a hard drive) to hamper an ing Huawei and about 150 of its by the Chinese military. These tors from global chipmakers that ing on Jan. 1, 2022. FBI investigation into whether he had non-U.S. affiliates, have been placed companies include mobile op- are made with U.S. technology. This The U.S. Senate had passed a transferred sensitive software or data on the Commerce Department’s erators China Mobile and China action cut off supplies to Huawei and bipartisan bill, the Holding Foreign to China; a former CIA officer arrested “entity list,” meaning that American Telecom, rail car manufacturer closed a loophole that the company Companies Accountable Act, in for allegedly spying for China for a dec- firms need to obtain special licences CRRC, and video surveillance had been exploiting after being placed May 2020 to force Chinese compa- ade; a NASA researcher arrested and in order to do business with them. manufacturer Hikvision. on the U.S. entity list in May 2019. nies listed on U.S. stock exchanges accused of hiding his funding from Dozens of the Chinese companies In August, the White House In September, Washington to open their audit books to U.S. China; and a former chair of Harvard were added to the list because issued executive orders to ban imposed export restrictions on Chi- regulators or face delisting. The bill University’s chemistry department of their links to the Chinese military WeChat and TikTok from the United na’s biggest chipmaker, Semiconduc- was passed in the House in Decem- indicted for making false statements or human rights abuses. States if they are not sold by their tor Manufacturing International Corp. ber 2020. Although the legisla- about funding he received from China. In April, the Federal Communications Chinese-owned parent companies. and its subsidiaries, requiring U.S. tion’s requirements are not limited FBI Director Chris Wray said in June Commission (FCC) threatened to bar In November, three Congress firms to apply for a licence to export to any one country, Rep. Brad that the bureau had more than 2,000 four Chinese state-controlled telecom members introduced a bill that certain products to that company. Sherman, the lead House sponsor active investigations connected to the firms—China Telecom, China Unicom, would ban blacklisted Chinese In December, 58 Chinese military- of the bill, made clear that the CCP. He said the bureau opens “a new and Pacific Networks Corp. and its companies and their affiliates from linked entities were added to a new primary target is China. counterintelligence investigation that Continued accessing U.S. capital markets. list called the “military end user” list. ties back to China every 10 hours.”

Japanese soldiers train on A paramilitary police officer Riot police chase demonstrators Police violently detain a Xi Jinping inaugurates a Confucius a beach by the South China Sea. stands guard in Beijing in May. in Hong Kong on July 1, 2020. adherent in Beijing in 2000. Institute in Australia in 2010. Global Actions to Global Actions to Hold Global Actions to Global Actions on Global Actions on Counter China CCP Accountable Support Freedom Huawei, Confucius in Indo-Pacific for Pandemic in Hong Kong Institutes In July, India and the All 194 WHO In July, the U.K. began In June, 50 U.N. experts In July, British Prime Min- United States held a joint member states have offering a path to citizen- called for decisive meas- ister Boris Johnson said he military exercise in the Indian Ocean. unanimously adopted a resolution ship to eligible Hongkongers follow- ures to protect fundamental free- plans to phase out Huawei equipment The U.S. Navy says its presence was to investigate the international ing the passing of Beijing’s draco- doms in China. from the country’s 5G networks. to “provide security throughout the response to the pandemic. nian national security law for Hong In July, marking 21 years since the The United States, Australia, New region while building partnerships Lawmakers in many countries, Kong on June 30. Canada has also start of the persecution of Falun Zealand, Czech Republic, Denmark, with friends and allies.” including opposition MPs in started accepting Hong Kong pro- Gong adherents by the CCP, over Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Romania, The two countries are part of Canada, have pushed their democracy activists as refugees. 640 lawmakers from 32 countries Japan, and Sweden have all banned a four-member forum dubbed the governments to revisit their China In response to Beijing’s measures, including Canada signed a joint Huawei from their networks. Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, policy as well in light of the CCP’s multiple countries, including Can- statement calling on the Party to Huawei was also ousted from the or Quad, along with Japan and handling of the pandemic. ada, have suspended their extradi- immediately stop the persecution. heart of the European Union after Australia. In April, over 200 China experts tion agreements with Hong Kong. By Dec. 10, Human Rights Day, over competitor Nokia won two major Quad nations have vowed to and politicians from around the In May, the United States and 920 lawmakers from 35 countries Belgian 5G contracts. step up coordination to keep the world, including several Canadian U.K. had already called on the had signed the statement. EU members have been stepping up Indo-Pacific open and free, coun- MPs, signed an open letter United Nations to take action The U.S. State Department scrutiny of high-risk vendors. This sub- tering what Washington has expressing concern over the against Beijing’s clampdown on issued numerous statements in jects Huawei’s governance and tech- called China’s “exploitation, cor- Chinese regime’s coverup of the freedoms in Hong Kong. And the 2020 on China’s human rights nology to critical examination and is ruption and coercion” of smaller pandemic, saying that its rule by United States, U.K., Canada, and violations, including abuses likely to lead other European operators states in the region. fear endangers not only Chinese Australia expressed “deep con- against Falun Gong, Uyghurs, to strip it from their networks. Also in July, the United States, citizens but also the world. cern” over the proposed security Tibetans, and Hongkongers. The Beijing’s Confucius Institutes (CIs) Australia, and Japan held joint Legal action against the Beijing law in a joint statement. Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on have also faced backlash in several naval exercises in the Philippine regime for its handling of the virus In June, Washington announced China (IPAC) has also issued over countries for alleged efforts to advance Sea. Warships from the three outbreak has been launched in an end to exports of U.S.-origin a dozen similar statements. the authoritarian regime’s agenda. countries joined forces in a show several countries, including the defence equipment to Hong Kong. In October, 39 nations called on Since McMaster University closed its of strength as Beijing reportedly United States, India, Israel, Egypt, Two months later, the United China to respect the human rights CI in 2013, more than 50 other uni- continued live-fire drills in the Turkey, Argentina, and Nigeria. States suspended or terminated of Uyghurs, Tibetans, and Hong- versities in other parts of Canada, the South China Sea in the region. three bilateral agreements with kongers, and a coalition of over 150 United States, Australia, Germany, Hong Kong covering extradition groups in some 90 cities around the , Sweden, Netherlands, and tax exemptions. world held rallies to protest the Chi- Belgium, and Denmark have sev- nese regime’s human rights abuses. ered their ties with the program. JANUARY 2021 SPECIAL REPORT | B9 Steps to Counter Communist China a Marxist-Leninist regime, saying that “it’s counterintelligence investigation that ties “transnational criminal organization” and investigation into Beijing’s handling of this ideology that informs [Chinese leader back to China every 10 hours.” eliminate sovereign immunity for CCP of- the COVID-19 outbreak that allowed it to Xi Jinping’s] decades-long desire for global Wray has called the Chinese regime “the ficials—which would allow them to be tried spread around the world, and it didn’t back hegemony of Chinese communism.” greatest long-term threat” to the United States. in U.S. court for criminal prosecution. down in the face of the CCP’s threats. And He asked democracies to work together The China Task Force, made up of House If the legislation passes, it would add the the U.K. is planning to phase out Huawei to defend against the expansive threats Republicans, released a report on Sept. 30 CCP to the Department of Justice’s Top Inter- equipment from the country’s 5G networks. posed by the CCP, calling it a choice “be- that they described as a “comprehensive national Criminal Organizations Target list. Measures similar to those taken by the tween freedom and tyranny.” blueprint” to counter a range of threats In its first-ever report on security threats United States or other countries to counter “We, the freedom-loving nations of posed by the CCP. The report made more to the United States released on Oct. 6, the Beijing are not in the works in Canada, the world, must induce China to change than 400 recommendations to respond to Department of Homeland Security iden- despite the fact that Canada faces the same ... in more creative and assertive ways, the regime’s malign actions against the tified Beijing as a state actor that poses a situation. Canada still hasn’t made a deci- because Beijing’s actions threaten our United States and the free world, dubbing “significant threat.” Among a list of con- sion on whether to exclude Huawei equip- people and our prosperity,” he said. the CCP a “generational threat.” cerns were disinformation campaigns, ment from its 5G networks, making it the Internal U.S. counteractions have also “Now the greatest challenge for this gen- diplomatic pressure, and counterfeit medi- only member of the Five Eyes intelligence ramped up. FBI Director Chris Wray said in eration is the Chinese Communist Party. cal products exported to the United States. alliance that hasn’t yet done so. July that the bureau currently has more than It is a generational struggle. And this is a As Washington pushes back against The infographic below takes a look at 2,000 active investigations that trace back to generational document that will guide the the CCP for its technology theft, human some of the key actions the United States the CCP, marking a roughly 1,300 percent Congress for many years to come,” said the rights violations, and military aggression, and other countries have taken against increase in economic espionage task force’s chair Rep. Michael McCaul. a number of other countries are also tak- the Chinese regime. probes with links to the Chinese re- On Oct. 1, Rep. Scott Perry intro- ing action to counter the regime. gime. He said the bureau opens “a new duced a bill to designate the CCP as a For example, Australia called for an With reporting by Bowen Xiao

US has taken the most actions by far in recent months against threats posed by the Chinese regime

ALL PHOTOS BY GETTY IMAGES; ; AP; SHUTTERSTOCK; THE EPOCH TIMES

U.S. Secretary of State The Department of Justice sign People move items in bags from U.S. Navy fighter jets in South Medical workers test a patient Mike Pompeo. in Washington. the Chinese Consulate in Houston. China Sea in October 2019. for COVID-19 in San Francisco. US Counters China’s United States Targets US Closes Chinese US Strengthens US Holds CCP Influence and Coercive CCP Members Consulate, Sanctions Presence in Accountable Activities Chinese Officials Indo-Pacific for Pandemic In August, Washington Washington, on national In an unprecedented The United States said Several lawmakers have designated the Confu- security grounds, has move in summer 2020, in July that China has no proposed bills targeting cius Institute U.S. Center as a banned anyone “who is or has been the United States ordered the Chi- legal grounds for most of its mari- Beijing’s role in the pandemic. In July, foreign mission of the CCP. a member of or affiliated with the nese Consulate in Houston to close, time claims in the South China Sea. six Republican senators jointly intro- On Oct. 28, the State Depart- Communist or any other totalitarian with Secretary of State Mike Pompeo In August, the Pentagon warned duced a bill allowing affected Ameri- ment designated a CCP front party” from immigrating to the United accusing the facility of being a “hub of Beijing over its ballistic missile cans to file lawsuits against the Chi- organization operating in the States, with two categories of excep- spying and intellectual property theft.” launches in the South China Sea, nese government in U.S. courts. United States as a foreign mission tions covering involuntary member- In September, the United States saying it has destabilized the situ- The states of Missouri and Mis- under the U.S. Foreign Missions ship and past membership. Members began requiring senior Chinese dip- ation in the region. The U.S. Navy sissippi as well as individuals and Act. It also terminated a 2011 of the CCP and its affiliated organi- lomats to get State Department stated that its guided-missile businesses in multiple states agreement with Beijing to pro- zations are expected to be affected approval before visiting U.S. univer- destroyer USS Mustin conducted including Florida, Texas, California, mote collaboration between most by the new policy, as the CCP is sity campuses or holding cultural “routine operations in the waters” and Pennsylvania have filed law- governors in the two countries. the world’s largest communist party. events with more than 50 people near the Paracel Islands to ensure a suits against Beijing, seeking tril- On Dec. 4, the State On Dec. 3, the State Department outside mission grounds. “Free and Open Indo-Pacific.” lions of dollars in compensation. Department imposed visa slapped new visa restrictions on CCP Starting in June, the U.S. govern- On Oct. 7, Defence Secretary Mark On Sept. 22, President Don- sanctions on Chinese officials members and their immediate family ment began to impose visa restric- Esper said the Pentagon plans to have ald Trump told the U.N. General “engaged in coercive influence members who hold a B1, B2, or B1/ tions on certain CCP officials deemed more than 500 Navy ships in its fleet Assembly that the world “must hold activities.” The State Department B2 visitor visa, reducing the maximum responsible for undermining Hong by 2045 to counter China’s growing China accountable for their actions” may now deny entry to officials in duration of their stay to one month, Kong’s autonomy, and later imposed military ambitions and other threats. that led to the global pandemic. the regime’s United Front Work single entry, from 10 years, multiple sanctions on officials involved. The United States has also taken Secretary of State Mike Pompeo Department (UFWD) “who have entries, aiming to “protect our nation Since July, the department has a series of moves to strengthen rela- said in May that China did every- engaged in malign activities from the CCP’s malign influence.” imposed sanctions and visa restric- tions with Taiwan, including stepped- thing it could “to make sure the to co-opt and coerce those As of the week of Sept. 8, U.S. tions on Chinese officials linked to up arms sales and support for the world didn’t learn in a timely fash- who oppose Beijing’s policies,” authorities had revoked more than rights abuses in Xinjiang and Tibet island’s participation in international ion” about the virus outbreak. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo 1,000 visas of Chinese nationals over and in the persecution of Christians forums. It also passed the Taiwan “China behaved like authori- wrote in a tweet. military links, following a proclamation and Falun Gong adherents. In July, it Assurance Act in December, which tarian regimes do, attempted to Also on the same day, the State by Trump to limit Beijing’s ability to also imposed visa restrictions on cer- states that the State Department’s conceal and hide and confuse,” Department terminated five PRC- leverage Chinese researchers to steal tain employees of Chinese technol- guidance regarding Taiwan “should Pompeo told ABC. funded programs disguised as U.S. information in order to develop ogy companies, including Huawei, be crafted with the intent to deepen “cultural exchanges” with China. advanced military capabilities. that aid the regime in rights abuses. and expand U.S.-Taiwan relations.”

Australian Foreign Minister Lena Hallengren, Zdenek Hrib, Indian Prime Minister European Commission President Marise Payne. Swedish minister of health. mayor of Prague. Narendra Modi. Ursula von der Leyen. Australia Criticizes Sweden Closes All Czech Republic India Toughens EU Adopts New Beijing’s Handling Confucius Institutes Politicians Slam Stance on China Strategy on China of Pandemic Beijing The Australian govern- Sweden has closed all of The Czech Senate India toughened its The European Union ment has been one of its Confucius Institutes adopted a resolution stance on China fol- adopted a new strate- the most forceful critics of Bei- (CIs), making it the first country criticizing Beijing for sending lowing deadly clashes at its dis- gic stance on China in March 2019, jing for its mishandling of the pan- in Europe to close all of its CIs and a letter with a threatening puted border in the Himalayas in labelling the country as a “systemic demic, including pushing for the associated classrooms, which are tone to former Senate speaker mid-June, when 20 Indian sol- rival.” The following month, an EU- establishment of an independent controlled and funded by the Jaroslav Kubera. The letter from diers were killed by Chinese wide framework for the screening inquiry into the virus outbreak, Chinese regime. the Chinese Embassy said his troops. Since then, Indian politi- of foreign direct investments (FDI) which has garnered the support of Though billed as Chinese lan- planned trip to Taiwan would cians, traders, and ordinary citi- entered into force, under the ration- over 100 countries. guage and cultural centres, the create “complications for Czech zens have initiated campaigns to ale that an FDI in one member state Australia has also made signifi- institutes have drawn mounting companies trading with China.” boycott Chinese products. could pose risks to other member cant changes to its foreign invest- international criticism over their The current Senate speaker, The Indian government has also states or the whole union. ment laws. The changes were role in stifling free speech and pro- Milos Vystrcil, visited Taiwan at banned 118 Chinese phone applica- On June 17, the European Com- driven in part by concerns that moting Chinese propaganda and the end of August despite threats tions, including TikTok and WeChat. mission issued a white paper setting financially distressed Austral- influence in academic institutions. from China. He said, “I am inclined In April, the Indian government forth its policy of preventing foreign ian assets were being targeted by Multiple Swedish cities have also to uphold morals and values enacted stricter rules on invest- investors, especially from China, foreign takeovers, particularly by ended their sister-city agreements instead of counting money.” ments from companies based in from using government subsidies China, as a result of the pandemic. with Chinese cities in the past year. Prague Mayor Zdenek Hrib, countries that share a land border to outbid rivals for European assets. In mid-June, Australian Foreign In April, the federal health min- who called Beijing an “unrelia- with India, requiring those invest- In April, the European External Minister Marise Payne called out ister told Parliament that Sweden ble business partner” last Decem- ments to first obtain its approval. Action Service issued a report on Russia and China for spreading dis- would push for the EU to support an ber, signed a sister-city agreement The trade ministry said the aim COVID-19 disinformation, in which information about the pandemic. “international, independent inves- with Taipei in January. was to curb “opportunistic” take- it noted “evidence of a coordinated On July 1, Prime Minister Scott tigation” to look into the origin and The friendship between the Czech overs and acquisitions of Indian push by official Chinese sources Morrison announced 270 bil- the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Republic and Taiwan dates back companies under financial dis- to deflect any blame for the out- lion Australian dollars in addi- A December 2019 Pew Research to the 1990s, when former Czech tress due to the pandemic. break” and said there is “signifi- tional spending on defence over Center poll showed that 70 per- president Vaclav Havel in 1995 told Recently, Indian media reported cant evidence of covert Chinese the next decade to address eco- cent of respondents in Sweden hold the U.N. General Assembly to offer that the government is considering operations on social media” that nomic and strategic uncertainty unfavourable views of China. Taiwan a seat in the United Nations. banning Chinese tech giants Hua- for example sought to praise in part due to tensions between wei and ZTE from providing equip- China’s handling of the crisis while China and the United States. ment to the country’s state-run tel- attacking the United States. ecommunications companies. B10 | SPECIAL REPORT JANUARY 2021

Special editorial SerieS How the Spectre of Communism Is Ruling Our World

Editor’s note: To help readers understand the objective and some of the the communist regimes of Eastern Europe have disintegrated, the spectre of strategies and tactics the Chinese Communist Party uses to influence, control, communism has not disappeared. On the contrary, this evil spectre is already and subvert Western countries including Canada, we are including in our special ruling our world, and humanity must not harbour a mistaken sense of optimism. edition an excerpt from the book “How the Spectre of Communism is Ruling Communist China has replaced the Soviet Union as the primary threat to the free Our World,” published by The Epoch Times. The book explains that although world, building up its strength in a bid for global hegemony.

regimes; in Eastern European countries, communist including human values and human dignity. Introduction ideology and customs still exert a significant After establishing massive dictatorships in the influence; and in African and South American Soviet Union and China, communism came to he collapse of the communist regimes countries, socialism is practised under the banner rule billions of people and caused more than 100 An excerpt in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe of democracy and republicanism. Then there are million unnatural deaths in less than a century. from the marked the end of a 50-year Cold War the nations of Western Europe and North America, In its overt attempts at world revolution, the introduction to “How the T between the capitalist and communist which have become host to communist influences communist bloc brought the world to the brink Spectre of camps in the West and the East. At the time, many without people even realizing it. of nuclear war; meanwhile, leftist thinkers and Communism were optimistic, believing that communism had Communism breeds war, famine, slaughter, activists have promoted the deliberate and is Ruling Our become a relic of the past. and tyranny. These in themselves are terrifying widespread destruction of the family, social World.” The sad truth, however, is that a transmogrified enough, but the damage dealt by communism order, and traditional morality. communist ideology has taken hold and entrenched goes far beyond this. It has become increasingly What is the nature of communism? What is its itself around the world. In China, North Korea, clear that, unlike any other system in history, objective? Why does it take mankind as its enemy? Cuba, and Vietnam, there are outright communist communism declares war on humanity itself — How can we escape it? The Chinese Communist Party’s Global Ambitions The Aim of United Front Work: Disintegrating the Free World From Within

On Dec. 18, 2018, the Chinese Communist politicians and businesspeople; academi- agents in those nations in order to further people willingly collaborate with the Party. Party (CCP) celebrated the 40th anniversary cians and members of think tanks; over- spread communist ideology. When this doesn’t work, the regime uses of China’s so-called reform and opening up. seas Chinese leaders, businessmen, and The CCP uses the same tactics on those threats and intimidation to exploit their It awarded the China Reform Friendship students; the movie and entertainment in the financial sector and a number of fears or mistakes, effectively blackmailing Medal to 10 influential foreigners to “thank industries; and overseas dissidents. other industries. Business people and them into assisting the Party. In some cases, the international community for support- entrepreneurs are treated as kings and the CCP has even provided transplant or- ing China’s reform.” The 10 included Juan Politicians and Businesspeople given business incentives. In return, they gans obtained by killing to buy off influen- Antonio Samaranch, former president of the become the CCP’s voice for lobbying their tial figures in need of a transplant. International Olympic Committee, which The USCC report says the CCP regards governments and influencing their coun- The resources the CCP is able to bring had selected China to host the 2008 Olym- its United Front as an important tool to tries’ financial and economic policies. In to bear to infiltrate other countries defy pics Games; and Robert Lawrence Kuhn, an strengthen domestic and international sup- the U.S.–China trade war, the CCP had the imagination, and the facts uncovered American businessman who lent his name port for the Party. This includes buying off frequent contact with Wall Street tycoons. at present are only the tip of the iceberg. as author of a fawning biography of former Western politicians. Through persuasion, Many top financial companies and inter- People in all walks of life, especially in poli- CCP head Jiang Zemin. temptation, and relationship-building, the national corporations do business in Chi- tics and business, have become the CCP’s Over the past few decades, countless poli- CCP maintains close ties with many high- na. To help expand their business there, pawns in its unrestricted warfare cam- ticians and celebrities have acted as accom- level officials in Western governments. The these companies hire numerous children paign. Almost all countries in the world plices to the CCP’s “united front” tactics. Party treats these politicians as its “state trea- of high-ranking Chinese officials, called have begun to feel the CCP’s global ambi- Mao labelled the United Front Work De- sures,” giving them lavish gifts and confer- “princelings.” In turn, these princelings tions and its evil, unrestricted means. partment (UFWD) as one of the CCP’s ring upon them titles such as “old friends of act as the Party’s eyes, ears, and voice in The above is an abbreviated excerpt of “three magic treasures.” Western govern- China.” Among them are current and former those companies. Chapter 18: The Chinese Communist Party’s ments have been deceived and suffered United Nations secretaries general, heads of Global Ambitions, 3. Unrestricted Warfare losses by these tactics, but some are begin- state, high-ranking government officials, se- Academic Circles and Think Tanks With Chinese Communist Characteristics, ning to wake up, and a number of investi- nior government advisers, heads of interna- b. The Aim of United Front Work: gative reports about the United Front have tional organizations, famous academics and Many think tanks in the West directly shape Disintegrating the Free World From Within. been published. think-tank scholars, and media consortium their country’s policies and strategy toward A 2018 report by the U.S.–China Economic tycoons. All these people in the United Front China; therefore, the CCP pays them special To read all 18 chapters online, and Security Review Commission (USCC) network are expected to voice their support attention. The CCP exerts control over think go to TheEpochTimes.com titled “China’s Overseas United Front for the CCP at crucial moments. tanks via financial sponsorship. It has Work” outlines the CCP’s overseas United .... bribed, controlled, or influenced almost all Front work structure and operations, in- think tanks related to China. The Chinese The 36 Strategies cluding how the Party uses various types of Local politicians are also targets of the tech giant Huawei has provided financial governmental and non-governmental orga- United Front. These include community support to think tanks in Washington, who to Destroy Mankind nizations for its United Front work and the leaders, city council members, mayors, then write positive reports about Huawei, implications for the United States and other state senators, and others. The usual ap- according to a 2018 Washington Post report. Western countries. The report states, “This proach is to donate to local politicians .... elevation of the importance of United Front through Chinese organizations or mer- work has resulted in an increased number chants, who are invited to visit China, To make things worse, over the past sev- of UFWD officials assigned to top CCP and where they receive bribes. Their family eral decades, Western humanities scholars government posts, adding roughly 40,000 businesses get special treatment in Chi- and sociologists have been heavily influ- new UFWD cadres.” na. Cases of sexual entrapment, known enced by strains of communist ideology. The think tank Global Public Policy Insti- as “honey traps,” often involve blackmail, With a small amount of CCP influence, tute published a report in 2018 detailing the and the CCP regularly uses this tactic. they can go from merely supporting leftist activities of CCP’s United Front in Europe. Chen Yonglin, a former officer at the ideology to embracing the Party’s rule. The at Stanford Univer- Chinese Consulate in , Austra- .... This is a must-read for every freedom- sity released a detailed report on the same lia, who defected in 2005, told The Epoch loving individual. The book reveals the topic on Nov. 29, 2018. The report states: Times that the United Front had infil- Unrestricted Warfare “China’s influence activities have moved trated the Australian government and ways in which the communist spectre beyond their traditional United Front fo- had corrupted officials. Chen said: “The The core of unrestricted warfare is about has burrowed into the minds of today’s cus on diaspora communities to target a amount of private bribery for the officials mobilizing evil people to destroy human- people. It charts communism’s global far broader range of sectors in Western so- far surpassed political donations. Espe- kind step by step. The CCP is highly skilled advance and explains how this spectre cieties, ranging from think tanks, universi- cially those higher-ranking officials, the at tempting people to go against morality has embedded itself in nearly every facet ties, and media to state, local, and national bribes were huge. … Another aspect of and their own conscience, and those who of today’s society — from education to the government institutions. China seeks to bribery is the all-expenses-paid trips to do so often end up as either passive in the judicial system — and the path humanity promote views sympathetic to the Chinese China, where officials are treated as kings. face of the regime’s abuses, or active par- must take to escape its grip. Government, policies, society, and culture; This includes prostitution paid for by Chi- ticipants. Therefore, for influential figures suppress alternative views; and co-opt key nese companies. Many officials changed in the political, economic, military, media, To read the full book, visit American players to support China’s foreign their stances after returning from China.” cultural, technological, educational, and ept.ms/communism policy goals and economic interests.” With its strong financial backing, the other fields, the CCP uses all means to dis- To order a hard copy of the book, visit The CCP’s United Front primarily tar- CCP has paid communist and leftist poli- cover their weaknesses—whether vested Amazon.ca or EpochShop.com gets the following actors in the West: ticians around the world to become its interests or desires—and uses them to make reject TRUTH and TRADITION the chINeSe commuNISt party The Chinese Communist Party’s cover-up led to a pandemic that now threatens the lives of people around the globe. See through the deception, and keep yourself and your family truly informed. Let’s reject the CCP. sign the petition todAy! RejectCCP.com