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Chamestan, Mazandran) - (1389) )447-457 ( )3 $% & 18 ! ("#$ - ) 2!45 0!67 %8 2 ! )*10%1 ! [email protected] :'()*+ , - .% ! "# $ %$ -*1 .% ! "# $ %$ -2 88/11/20 :6)7- 12 88/3/12 :,0$ 12 C)! $ "D( DEFD *2 ( B+$ )# A ,@- <# %=> ? # , ,$ >+, # %= $2 $ 9:;2 < N O : ( # J = # $ L M 1386 < HI# $ < J)# 6# )G $ > 2( $ %$ # L M N . ST L M N # )GQ R <# H= N <2 ( >+P $ %=>? $ L M 48 \P $ ('2H ) 0$Y2 - WX 6(> # ( "#) ) 314 ,U ># * % )$ OH >PD 30 $ 2 ,$)# *2 ( A$ 6/18 B+$ )# A A$ 84 N ># <# ^$2 > $$ F ] .,0)? )D )# $ *= )PD # L M A$ <# > + ., D# W+ _E ,@- >? > +U $ $ L M A$ 18/28 DEFD >P# A$ 1 \P $ ? F D d)e ( a2 ! )= bc2 # L M A$ <# ( A$ 5 \P $ > )#)# )= bc2 ) 6 )F# a2 ! ) 20 )H > )#)# )PD %$ > M$ > %!># .$$ $( %$ %$ > M$ ( A$ 39/80 ( 57/71 50/93 52/46 d2)2> # $# 70 )F# ? F D d)e ( ) 6 )H 70 )H ? F D d)e ( ) 6 )F# )= bc2 ) 6 )H a2 ! ) 20 )F# > )#)# )PD )F# a2 ! ( ? F D d)e >h )= <)# # . $ L M A$ 18/36 ( 7/04 13/18 18/75 d2)2> # $# d)e jN0 ( %)PD j( j= ) i$ )F# L M ()# HU # )H > )#)# )PD ( )= bc2 +( d <# >? $# N > FH= )H=># )= bc2 j= ( a2 ! jN0 N ( % - N j= d ? F D >:P < $ % %)# <# >? kl > L G ] ,I $ .$ J)# )F# % I ( k7 (nM ( W@D) =F( m) # > ,@- >:P # ( d %=> ? kl > , I # ., $ d . # c ( )GQ % J = ># #$ ,I $ 2 # >$ ,:#P , ; . # %=>? B+$ )# A )0 <# J)# L M % :0!; 0:9 Petit & Montagnini, ) $) JP I > : $ ) %I@ Nh \P ># >2 # .(2004 j- p(> # ! )Mo ( "# )A %$ $ ( ( H= j )- ( $ %I@ \P m # 9! .$( H ># F )= %$YD % #) =? %I@ ,)U ( scU I 2 ! %I@ d)l2 . =$ *F2 $ %I@ %10 % %I d+D $ %I@ $T ( $ $ k h %37 I < > , )o t Y ) =$ % 2 < $ F 2 "( ,( > U <R $ . < r2 I $ vU X ># d@u % L@HR .(1375 $M >2 @; " # >2 I # ( ku) %I@ ># w 2 ( >#()l %I@ $ , %)# d # %=> ? ,H># (%!45 -C> D) & %<%7 @A B&; B7< 0: < %< = %>? 7% 448 +2 ( > w .(Khanna, 1997) # j= 9! $ R Y @ ^$2 ' $T J = > #( nM 7u $ ># % %=>? ( A kE: b() # .$)? LA @ )u >? b ( ) %I+0 )G )# N $ < ( , )*c2 R kh ># > #( " A ( =>M O2 , Sy <)# # (Binkley et al., 2000) # )}2 %=F )F# $ (wood farming) kh ,R $ >l w % W ' > ( ,0 >2 <h ( >( %( * $ *) w .(Khanna, 1997) $ $c % ,) ># ! %I@ % $) ? ( "( \P 2 d {+M ( , ,$ %I@ > 2)!l ># >2# %) d+D $ (R Y ) , ,$ %I@ > >? kl >@ ># >2 ( ,D$ S(N+ $T % # ) H %I@ $ . $)? @ 2 %IU)! %= ~()- $ %)?WHY2 U) <)HI * (1338 ) %$ %IU)! %) ( >I2 b() )? . # $M)# %$ ,H= , %= jl# O#()l %I@ vU ( % S(N+ ( ,D$ # L@HR ) >h )= $F kl ,$ >? %I@ ># I@ < 2 >@ ( #< - ( % >@ )X$ J = ># $)? LA %$ , D) < $ . C)P % +2 %I@ ku) $ >$ .(1384 )I %() ) H %=> ? ( ?)# $) $( >@ >? kl %)# @ 9! $ < )# %$ ) +2 N jN0 X > # N )+ ") *~ M) *~+# LAYM # H= ,0)? )D >2 $ @ 2 %IU)! d+D $ (-) ( W@D) =F( m) ( ,R) % ,) .(1384 )I %() ) ,•cU) P; , ( •cU m) N ( (nM #< - ( %> @ %I@ $ @ 2 %IU)! ( % - , I # . # )X$ (nM ( kw <# $ N ( HD# % >@ I 2) ^U ( *~+ m) # > #)u %=>? , (: $ > %!># ) ( >I2 1375 2 1360 %I+ H= # > ,:#P , ; =F( , ,$ %I@ ( \P )eU U )F# =>? < > %;># , # %=>? )H # I@ < .$ =F >:P < $ (@ 2) ( ! O D) )u •$U ( €) ( L0w €) $ N ( $) ( x@# *2 ,@- # %=>? )D j ( 6N < J)# 0! $# H@D )# A <# a b #)u %=>? L M 1386 $ J)# 6# . $ T* ( {+M =()? LA ># ky2$ ( z+ ‚)# %=> ? # , ,$ %I@ ># %$ *= N= 40 2 30 >+ . % I (F'2) < ,;A )# ( +$ $H $( <# p(># I@ m2 I@ vU ( % L@HR >7? %I+ $ > =$ F = )# ., be %=|$ ( >#()l 9! $ F %$Nl#w ( "2) J)# 6# ( 0! H= (1385 ( 1383 1371) N Tabari & ) $ ) F H >0d)l2 ( \P <0 <# ( L M $T d ST %I % # .(Pourmajidian, 2001 %=> ? # Hh >:P , ,$ %I@ ()#( ,:0 S R # d >? kl +$># ., ‚)# p(># #)u )F# ( % - .(Hosseini, 1998) , $# <2 L M N jN0 $ )GQ R ,F {+M LA ># > % %=>? $ ( L M N # )GQ R <# H= N $ "PD # > %!> # $$)? > *F # 6N AU L M N # ( > : ,I F( 7u $ , <*H L 2 %= ($ 449 3 $% & 18 ! %I+M$ $ - $ .(1385 S#) # # , ,$ %I@ $ 1386 $ < J)# %I ( 'FH2 J7U) $) $w ()- DEFD *2 ( B+$ )# A ,@- <# %=>? $ . ST , †- O+( %I+ $ (WUN ( ) Hh 2( ( $ >:P $ €)R ># ( %30 L # % ) * "PD 6)‡# 1385 . =$ *F2 j=(p- < J = ^$2 $ $) ' 2 6)‡# ( %)# A ^$2 $ ) 30 ^; ., ST DEFD *2 ( ,@- , ,$ $# M$ ,$)# LA># d@u <# ^$2 $ ,+M$ 7% <% A $ + jM)h ($ ! ( $0 > * ( < >F) $0 C)! (101) ' %) ' - $ 9:;2 < <> F >T $ > $# 1385 ( 1380 %I+ *= 48 )#)# ;P $ 2( $ %$ $2 \P $ W ,U # 2)cU <# M$ $ 2( $ %$ C)! ., ST j- D0 )eU U $ > $T )- LA># F H %I@ " C)! 50 ^H Nl#w >eU ( 'FH2 WUN %I - ( M$ $ "D( Hh )I k)u %) @ 5 O@A0 ># ( . # '+( ( ? %=>„M$ d D0 ) 50 $ \P bc2 i$$ )D %H .(1 *) # 0)} ,I ( # ( $ >M ( >$ LA># >7? $ HR )+ ( ! %=> ? >l w ( H= # L(T ,@R># > $# ,@- ( *@+ ( @# *2 $ (S$ U j# @2 ( B( ,+M$) ( $ 1365 $ ( < ., $)? "D( d)l2 ) * "PD ^># @ 2 %$ %IU)! d+D ( ! %=> - d@u ( >0)? )D %$)# )I# $ B+$ )# A %=> ? # %I 9)! w # ( {+M =()? LA> # DEFD *2 ( ,@- <# )# A M$ )eU U $ . <N T* HI 101 7% @4 4 6AF 4 @4 -1 E& ,R) %$ => ? ) ># , B+$ & 0%< ) +( W= %$)# )I# < ># ( $# %)F# )# . $ )D n)2 F( O@U) $ =>? N ( Hh) = <)*$N 6N? (GPS) I k, D $ $c # # $ d@u > , ) @ 818 >+ ? # m CP ' )= ,U # ( >PD ,U L+P )# .$# ( N- I# Y0 <# B+$ )# A %=> ? # % OA)R nM (%$ C)! O#) nM OF: †z ( <2 >? !># DEFD *2 ( ,@- m) +$># > , NM AU ( J ( = )X$ .(2 *) $)? W)2 - % #d2 ,e( d F*= D0 (d ( #) 0)?-2 …M (%!45 -C> D) & %<%7 @A B&; B7< 0: < %< = %>? 7% 450 @6KA <% @A 0!J @4 -2 E& L M N )# M$ ,e( ( a2 * N # ( 9D$ LRE! d X ># )D # $ N ( $0 > * ( <> F W+) 0$Y2 -WX 6(># %$)#> H $( L M > %=> ? M ( d)2 ># >2 # . 0)? ,U ># >2 # <)# # . ST ('2H ) J)# ()# L M N jN0 )# )GQ R %$)# w O* Sy >H OPD $ 2 D U ( - W)2 )= bc2 (H/D) ? F D d)e >F: : ># >2 # ( > ; ) 125×125 $# ># Le)0 R># a2 S)0 ( > )#)# )PD >: )PD $2 W)2 ('+) Jc %) @ 7u %( )# (1:10000) . 0)? )D # $ ( C)P >@ $$ )D - OF: %( )# 0$Y2 !># >* ( …Yl S)0 $ $2 c ( H LRE! >@ N) H= > >* bEe "!:2 ; z . spss % w N0 S) $c # †z ( %(w"H *) : >F: %( )# # >H LPD @;2 ( >NT2 $ >H >PD 28 AU LRE! % >U )G $# )H ># >2 # >H >PD * .(1 †* @@;2 ( cA2 LA># ] ( >0)? )D N w ,U ( % )$ w $) $- ,+I ( %Š0 $ >H >PD ($ > , )o># Sy . $)? (, ,$) @ ^$2 H= ( W)2 )# < # > $# >0)? )D M$ j- D0 +M < # .(1373 %)#) <2 "#) ) 314 $( U ( J = )# . F X L ; $ d2)2 10 b ># * % )$ OH >PD 30 $ 2 d2)2 N ) c >YlF # X > # N ( 9:;2 ,= )= N) $) $- ( ## - . $)? {lF ) U) $c % "#) w (L M M$ H2 H %=>YlF $ >H >PD (X2) % "#) w $c # <)# # .(1385 > )#)# )PD ( >: ; $ )PD >H >PD M$ ()0 ( "2 ^; <# JEM $# $ bc2 ( bc2 ( ()z+) (#($ jm M O@(># N ( L M N # x 2 $ > %=>? ( %)? % ) ( ] d O@(># )= ! )GQ R # L M N <# H= ec2) a2 ! ( ? F D d)e %=>YlF ( > )#)# )PD ? F D d)e )= bc2 a2 )# (ER . > ; ()= bc2 ( bc2 . 0)? )D w $ >: )PD c %=> YlF H %=> YlF %)? 451 3 $% & 18 ! ) 28/44 ( (<#) ) 17/78 <# m bc2 ) 5/59 <# a2 ! m ( B+$ )# A) 1 ( $ )# $ LPD H LYlF 81 <# ? F D d)e ( (<#) ) 10/94 ( (,@-) 22 <# M$ m )PD ., $$ F .,$ B+$ )# A 105/5 ( (,@-) ( B+$ )# A) ) 32/3 ( (<#) ) 7% <% 0@ 4M %< ( %N @O? -1 L! (H/D) ? F D d)e m () ) a2 ! m () ) m bc2 () ) m )PD >? 94/88 10/94 17/78 22/0 <# 105/47 7/06 28/44 32/28 B+$ )# A 81/0 5/59 18/05 25/22 ,@- 84/65 6/05 18/87 24/81 DEFD *2 OP# A$ 1 \P $ ? F D d)e ( )= > $$ F (x2) % "#) w AU ] ( 7 2 2 %I+( $ ] < .$$ $( %$ > %=> ? ) ># , <# , ,$ $2 ) c2 ) C)># ( $$ F 8 2 3 %I@* _ He , H; L M A$ <)F# .$$)? ( A$ 5 \P $ > )#)# )PD ( L M A$ <# bc2 a2 ! # L M A$ <# $ >:# $ 7% <% 0B ; 0 (Pearson Chi Square) x² 5N PC4 -2 L! %$ %$w >$ w w ,H 0/000 2 29/268 > )#)# )PD 0/000 2 91/960 )= bc2 0/000 2 50/001 a2 ! 0/013 2 8/670 ? F D d)e B+$ )# A ( DEFD *2 <# >? d2)2># A$ 99 HU># 3 * ( 3 ( ># >2# +( $ L M A$ 6/18 ( 18/28 ( 84 N ># <# ( , )GQ ? $ L M N $ >? b ., D# W+ _E ,@- >? > $$ $( > < $ %$ L(c2 =>? 7% <% 0@4M @ :<% %>? Q -3 L! $ L M M$ $ 2 M$ $ 2 "H >? <>F > * W+ 39 0 0 39 ,@- 125 37 68 20 <# 97 3 3 91 B+$ )# A 82 4 11 67 DEFD *2 343 44 82 217 "H (%!45 -C> D) & %<%7 @A B&; B7< 0: < %< = %>? 7% 452 100 80 < % 60 ! ? > % 40 20 0 B S%5 T!UCK< FOF E7 @4M 7% <% 0@ 4M %< %>? !%< -3 E& <> F L M N > < <He ., <)F# A$ 99 HU># > =$ F 4 * A$ 3/09 ( 4/87 ( 29/6 d2)2># N M$ ( DEFD *2 <# %)# d2)2># L M b D# W+ _E ,@- >? > +U $ i # A$ 3/09 ( 13/41 ( 54/4 N ># B+$ )# A ., $# < J)# 6# )G $ > * 100 80 < % 60 S; @% ! ? VK7 > % 40 @C>E& 20 0 B S%5 T!UCK< FOF E7 @4M 7% <% 0@ 4M %< %>? W4 !%< -4 E& A$ 95 HU># ) 20 )H %)PD >: ! )PD %$ > M$ 5 * ( 4 ( ># >2 # ., )F# ) 20 j# %)PD >: ! 52/46 N ># # ) 20 )H > )#)# )F# > )#)# )PD %$ > M$ ( A$ L M A$ 18/75 N ># # ) 20 $ L M N > =$ F % w L(c2 . $ 453 3 $% & 18 ! 7% <% C?%< B(; 0AF @XI Y -4 L! > )#)# )PD # M$ $ 2 "H 20 )H 20 )F# ,c ) ) 126 96 30 $L M 217 87 130 W+ 343 183 160 "H 100 80 < 60 VK7 % ! :!< %>? 40 20 0 20 5 C ; 20 5 C (C C47) @7 AF 7% <% C?%< B(; @7 AF Y -5 E& 7% <% C?%< B(; T W(% Y -5 L! %$ > M$ 6 * ( 5 ( ># >2 # )= bc2 # M$ $ 2 A$ 57/71 N ># $# ) 6 )H )= bc2 "H ,c ) 6 )H ) 6 )F# $# ) 6 )F# )= bc2 %$ > M$ ( 126 116 10 $L M F % w L(c2 .
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