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> D 2 %)PD j( > +U $ . $M .'Œ %) 2( $ %$ C)! .1385 S # - <)# # .(1373 %) #) # > $ , W+ ,M$ .>;cA 152 ! "# $ %)PD j( ># , Rc2 j( ") jN0 ŒF$ LŒF . $ %$)# w .1373 .S %) # - % - N j= ( ? F D d)e jN0 d .>;cA 401 )I2 a2 > * ., M$ $2 $ ^ *ŒF$ . $ ^(N 9 :;2 6( .1385 .S. U - > M$ $ L M A$ jN0 ( M$ Œ , #)2 F$ $ S@R ( ! "# = ) 20 )H > )#)# )PD %$ .>;cA 55 k@} ( % - ? F D d)e $# $ .Œ 6()Œ- ( Œ Œ .1384 .S .)I %() - +$ <)HI >AEM !># ., ,#D )G $ Iw .>;cA 387 )I2 F$ LF < # , , $ $2 $ L M N jN0 )ŒI2 ŒF$ LŒF . .1375 . t Y - .>;cA 481 >? < , ; =F( m) 9#P2 S R - Binkley, D., Giardian, Ch. and Bashkin, M.A., 2000. . # w ! %= F( m) # (nM ( W @D) Soil phosphorus pools and supply under the influence of Eucalyptus saligna and nitrogen-fixing ; $ J ( = ( u nM $ kw $ ,#! Albizia falcataria. Forest Ecology and Management, 128: 241-247. > 2 kh ,0# ) ( ") )# (ER , - Hosseini, S.M., 1998. Iranian Native Conifers Decline Because of Snow, Wind, Drought and Diseases. ()# HU >T $ >$ - $ N =>F 0 Federal Forest Research Center, Austria: 57-59. Hosseini - Khanna, P.K., 1997. Comparison of growth and ] # be < ., )F # L M nutrition of young monocultures and mixed stands (1998) of Eucalyptus globules and Acacia mearnsii. Forest >? kl S R ,@R># ,I $ ., >#F Ecology and Management, 94: 105-113. J = ># ( $ )H= , :0 # %I d
- Petit, B. and Montagnini, F., 2004. Growth equations and rotation ages of ten native tree species in ( kl , I # ., >0 , $ % mixed and pure plantations in the humid neotropics. Forest Ecology and Management, 199: # > ,@- >:P # ( d %=>? N 243-257. - Tabari, M. and Pourmajidian, M.R., 2001. Influence of %? , ; (nM ( W @D) =F( m) thinning on Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica manetti Endl.) in the north of Iran. International meeting on $ 2 (Petit & Montagnini, 2004) # >$ silviculture of Cork (Quercus suber L) and Cedar (Cedrus atlantica manetti Endl.) Rabat, Morocco, . # F= ( )GQ J = < ># # $ ,I 22-25 October 2001, 19-24. 457 Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research Vol. 18 No. 3, 2010
Investigation on snow damage on plantations in Sourdar- Vatashan region (Chamestan, Mazandran)
M.A. Fakhari 1*, M. Babaei 2 and M. Saeedi Zand 2
1*- Corresponding author, Senior expert, Natural Resources Office of Mazandaran province, Sari, Iran. E-mail: [email protected] 2- Senior expert, Natural Resources Office of Mazandaran province, Sari, Iran. Received: 02.06.2009 Accepted: 09.02.2010
Abstract
This research has been carried out in twenty-years-old plantations with species of Cupressus sempervirens, Acer velutinum, Populus deltoides and Alnus glutinosa, located in Sourdar- Vatashan forestry plan which have been damaged due to the heavy snowfall in February 2008. The study aimed at evaluating and comparing of the damage intensity in studied species and determining the correlation between effective factors with damage rate. Damage rate was evaluated using 30 circle sample plots with an area of 314m² in a systematic-random grid (125m×125m) in 48 ha area. Results showed that damage rate was 84% in Cypress stand, 6/18% in Poplar and 18.28% in Alder, while Maple stand remained intact. There is significant relationship between damage percentage and diameter at breast height (P<0.05), also between percentage of damage with pruning height, crown length and H/D ratio (P<0.01). Trees with diameter less than 20cm (d1.3<20cm), crown length more than 6m, pruning height less than 6m and H/D ratio more than 70 had a damage rate of 52.46%, 50.93%, 57.71% and 39.80%, respectively. Trees with diameter more than 20cm (d1.3>20 cm), crown length less than 6m, pruning height more than 6m and H/D ratio less than 70, had a damage rate of 18.75%, 13.18%, 7.04% and 18.36%, respectively. Therefore, the probability of injury will increase due to increasing of H/D ratio and crown length and decreasing of pruning height and diameter at breast height. Considering the above mentioned criteria and ever green characteristic of cypress, the snow damage rate in this species is high. Hence, one can conclude that planting of native broad-leaved species such as maple could be more effective and promising in the region.
Key words: plantation, snow damage, Cypress, Maple, Poplar, native species.