DOCSLIB.ORG

Mucormycological Pearls

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mucormycological Pearls Mucormycological Pearls © by author Jagdish Chander GovernmentESCMID Online Medical Lecture College Library Hospital Sector 32, Chandigarh Introduction • Mucormycosis is a rapidly destructive necrotizing infection usually seen in diabetics and also in patients with other types of immunocompromised background • It occurs occurs due to disruption of normal protective barrier • Local risk factors for mucormycosis include trauma, burns, surgery, surgical splints, arterial lines, injection sites, biopsy sites, tattoos and insect or spider bites • Systemic risk factors for mucormycosis are hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, malignancy,© byleucopenia authorand immunosuppressive therapy, however, infections in immunocompetent host is well described ESCMID Online Lecture Library • Mucormycetes are upcoming as emerging agents leading to fatal consequences, if not timely detected. Clinical Types of Mucormycosis • Rhino-orbito-cerebral (44-49%) • Cutaneous (10-16%) • Pulmonary (10-11%), • Disseminated (6-12%) • Gastrointestinal© by (2 -author11%) • Isolated Renal mucormycosis (Case ESCMIDReports About Online 40) Lecture Library Broad Categories of Mucormycetes Phylum: Glomeromycota (Former Zygomycota) Subphylum: Mucormycotina Mucormycetes Mucorales: Mucormycosis Acute angioinvasive infection in immunocompromised© by author individuals Entomophthorales: Entomophthoromycosis ESCMIDChronic subcutaneous Online Lecture infections Library in immunocompetent patients Agents of Mucormycosis Mucorales : Mucormycosis •Rhizopus arrhizus •Rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis •Lichtheimia (Mycocladus corymbiferus, Absidia corymbifera) •Rhizomucor pusillus •Mucor species •Mortierella species •Cunninghamella species •Apophysomyces elegans, A. variabilis, A. trapeziformis •Saksenaea vasiformis, ©S. erythrospora,by author S. oblongispora •Cokeromyces recurvatus and others species Entomophthorales:ESCMID Online Entomophthoromycosis Lecture Library •Conidiobolomycosis – Conidiobolus coronatus •Basidiobolomycosis – Basidiobolus ranarum Apophysomyces spp. © by author ESCMID Online Lecture Library Introduction • The mucoralean fungus Apophysomyces elegans is a thermotolerant species causing severe infections in humans, being the most common site of disease manifestation the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues, with local invasion into muscle and fat tissue resulting in necrotizing fasciitis. • In contrast to the other fungi causing mucormycosis, which have a world-wide distribution and occur only rarely in immunocompetent hosts, A. elegans has been mainly reported in warm climate areas as© anbyemerging authorpathogen causing mostly cutaneous infections after injury to the cutaneous barrier. • This fungus was discovered in 1979 from Indian soils and until recentlyESCMIDit was considered Onlinethe Lectureonly species Libraryof the genus . Now, there are four species i.e. A .elegans, A. trapeziformis, A. ossiformis and A. variabilis. Patients & Methods • A total of 18 cases of primary cutaneous infection caused by the novel species Apophysomyces variabilis are being described. • The identification of the isolates was confirmed by ITS sequencing analysis. The clinical disease was characterized by an aggressive infection following traumatic implantation of the fungus, which caused a prompt tissue invasion eventually death of the patients. • The 18 isolates tentatively identified as A. elegans were sent to the mycology reference laboratory in Spain for molecular confirmation. • The ITS region of such isolates was sequenced and compared with those of the type strains©of thebyspecies authorof Apophysomyces . • These isolates were confirmed as Apophysomyces variabilis on the basisESCMIDof morphological Onlinefeatures Lectureof spored and molecularLibrarytyping . Patients and Methods Patients: All patients diagnosed with cutaneous mucormycosis due to Apophysomyces species at Government Medical College Hospital (GMCH), Chandigarh, India, during one year period (2005 to 2014) Clinical diagnosis was confirmed by KOH, Calcofluor wet mounts and histopathological examination of tissue specimens of infected site Fungal culture was done on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) incubated at 22◦C and 37◦C over a period of 4 weeks Identification of fungi: Gross morphological examination along with microscopic examination using Lactophenol Cotton Blue (LCB) mount, particularly the spore morphology of the Mucormycete isolates Molecular analysis: All the isolates sent to the Universitat Rovira i Virgili (Reus, Spain) for molecular analysis by sequencing internal transcribed spacer region and comparing with those of type strains of Apophysomyces species © by author Antifungal susceptibility testing was done against these fungal isolates by using standard protocol Clinical history: Detailed clinical history of these patients pertaining to ESCMIDrisk factors, immunocompromised Online status,Lectureetc., was taken Library Outcome: Local debridement with liposomal amphotericin B (topical as well as I/V) was given and regular follow up of all patients was done Table 1. Clinical profile of patients infected by Apophysomyces spp. presented at GMCH, Chandigarh No. Dates Name / Age / Sex / Residence Anatomical sites involved Clinical presentations Underlying illnesses Risk factors Isolates Outcome 1. 03.05.05 Roshni Devi, 32 F Anterior abdominal wall (left Fever, black discoloration 15×15cms on ant. abdominal wall with None Massage on abdomen for abdominal A. variabilis Expired after 7 days side) surrounding edema and induration pain 10 days prior 2. 22.08.05 Jay Kumar, 43 M Anterior abdominal wall (right 15×15cms debrided wound on right ant. abdominal wall, necrotic fat None H/o of injection on right ant. A. variabilis Recovered in 6 weeks side) at margin present, laterally skin discolored abdominal wall which developed period into small blister 3. 02.06.07 Balbir Singh, 29 M, Kapurthla (Punjab) Right arm, axilla and right Necrosed area on right arm at the site of Plaster of Paris cast None Plaster of Paris cast applied at the A. variabilis Recovered after 2 weeks part of chest wall extending to axilla and right part of chest wall site for fracture of right humerus 4. 13.08.07 Paramjeet Kaur, 35 F, Sangrur (Punjab) Left thigh & anterior Massive wound on left thigh & anterior abdominal wall with black Diabetes mellitus I.M. injection over left gluteal A. variabilis Expired after 1 week abdominal wall necrotic areas region 7 days prior 5. 22.04.09 Kanta Devi, 43 F, Dera Bassi (Punjab) Right sided chest wall Massive wound on right sided chest wall including the breast with Diabetes mellitus I/M injection over left gluteal region A. variabilis Expired after 6 days including breast black necrotic areas 7 days prior 6. 22.09.10 Bimla Devi, 50 F, Karnal (Haryana) Left gluteal area Fever, painful ulcerated lesion (16x20cm) on left gluteal region None I/M injection on left gluteal region A. variabilis Died two weeks later 15 days earlier 7. 11.10.10 Bimal Singh, 45 M, Mujaffarnagar Right gluteal and postero- Fever, necrosed area (30x24cm) on right gluteal region spreading None I/M injections on right gluteal A. variabilis Discharged after 15 days (Uttar Pradesh) lateral aspect of thigh posterolateral aspect of thigh region following appendectomy one month earlier 8. 15.10.10 Amarjeet Singh, 42 M, Mohali Right scapular region Painful ulcerated lesion (20x15cm) over right scapular area None No obvious risk factor could be A. variabilis Discharged after 15 days (Punjab) elucidated 9. 23.10.10 Kashmir Singh, 32 M, Chandigarh Swelling of right side of cheek He developed black necrotic patch on right side of hard palate. None No obvious risk factor could be A. variabilis Discharged after 15 days following tooth extraction, 2 elucidated weeks ago. 10. 06.11.10 Baljinder Kaur, 39 F, Ropar (Punjab) Right gluteal area Fever, painful ulcerated lesion (40x40cm) on right gluteal region Diabetes mellitus I/M injection on right gluteal region A. variabilis Left against medical one month earlier advice, presumed to have died 11. 29.04.11 Mayawati, 40 F, Bhiwani (Haryana) Left gluteal area Large ulcerative lesion (22x17mm) on left gluteal region None I/M injection on left gluteal region A. variabilis Left against medical one and a half month earlier. advice, presumed to have died 12. 25.06.11 Malkit Kaur, 52 F, Mohali (Punjab) Left gluteal region Painful, Large necrotic lesion (16x20cm) on left gluteal region Diabetes mellitus I/M injection on left gluteal region A. elegans Died after 10 days © by author one month earlier 13. 27.08.11 Amrt Lal, 50 M, Mauli Jagran, Left arm region Large necrotic area on left arm None Fall in bathroom 15 days earlier A. variabilis Discharged after 40 days Chandigarh 14. 07.08.13 Roopmati, 40 F, Pehoa (Haryana) Right gluteal area Necrotizing ulcerative area over right gluteal area None I/M injection on right gluteal region A. variabilis Expired after 1 week of 2 weeks earlier admission 15. 03.09.13 Jasveer Kaur , 22 F, Mohali (Punjab) Right gluteal area Large ulcerative lesion (25x20 mm) on right gluteal region None I/M injection on right gluteal region A. variabilis Expired after 1 month of 3 weeks earlier admission 16. 01.11.13 Kuldeep Singh, 40 M, (Punjab) Right Arm Necrotizing ulcerative area on right arm Diabetes mellitus Ulcerative lesion after motorcycle A. variabilis Discharged after 1 ESCMID Online Lecture Libraryaccident month of admission 17. 02.12.13 Mangat Rai, 59 M, Ambala (Haryana) Back and medial aspect of Necrotizing ulcerative lesion over backside and medial aspect
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Characterization of Two Undescribed Mucoralean Species with Specific
    Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 26 March 2018 doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0204.v1 1 Article 2 Characterization of Two Undescribed Mucoralean 3 Species with Specific Habitats in Korea 4 Seo Hee Lee, Thuong T. T. Nguyen and Hyang Burm Lee* 5 Division of Food Technology, Biotechnology and Agrochemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 6 Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; [email protected] (S.H.L.); 7 [email protected] (T.T.T.N.) 8 * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-(0)62-530-2136 9 10 Abstract: The order Mucorales, the largest in number of species within the Mucoromycotina, 11 comprises typically fast-growing saprotrophic fungi. During a study of the fungal diversity of 12 undiscovered taxa in Korea, two mucoralean strains, CNUFC-GWD3-9 and CNUFC-EGF1-4, were 13 isolated from specific habitats including freshwater and fecal samples, respectively, in Korea. The 14 strains were analyzed both for morphology and phylogeny based on the internal transcribed 15 spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) of 28S ribosomal DNA regions. On the basis of their 16 morphological characteristics and sequence analyses, isolates CNUFC-GWD3-9 and CNUFC- 17 EGF1-4 were confirmed to be Gilbertella persicaria and Pilobolus crystallinus, respectively.To the 18 best of our knowledge, there are no published literature records of these two genera in Korea. 19 Keywords: Gilbertella persicaria; Pilobolus crystallinus; mucoralean fungi; phylogeny; morphology; 20 undiscovered taxa 21 22 1. Introduction 23 Previously, taxa of the former phylum Zygomycota were distributed among the phylum 24 Glomeromycota and four subphyla incertae sedis, including Mucoromycotina, Kickxellomycotina, 25 Zoopagomycotina, and Entomophthoromycotina [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article Comparative Analysis of Different Isolated Oleaginous Mucoromycota Fungi for Their Γ-Linolenic Acid and Carotenoid Production
    Hindawi BioMed Research International Volume 2020, Article ID 3621543, 13 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3621543 Research Article Comparative Analysis of Different Isolated Oleaginous Mucoromycota Fungi for Their γ-Linolenic Acid and Carotenoid Production Hassan Mohamed ,1,2 Abdel-Rahim El-Shanawany,2 Aabid Manzoor Shah ,1 Yusuf Nazir,1 Tahira Naz ,1 Samee Ullah ,1,3 Kiren Mustafa,1 and Yuanda Song 1 1Colin Ratledge Center of Microbial Lipids, Shandong University of Technology, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science, Zibo 255000, China 2Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt 3University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan Correspondence should be addressed to Yuanda Song; [email protected] Received 15 July 2020; Revised 15 September 2020; Accepted 24 October 2020; Published 6 November 2020 Academic Editor: Luc lia Domingues Copyright © 2020 Hassan Mohamed et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. γ-Linolenic acid (GLA) and carotenoids have attracted much interest due to their nutraceutical and pharmaceutical importance. Mucoromycota, typical oleaginous filamentous fungi, are known for their production of valuable essential fatty acids and carotenoids. In the present study, 81 fungal strains were isolated from different Egyptian localities, out of which 11 Mucoromycota were selected for further GLA and carotenoid investigation. Comparative analysis of total lipids by GC of selected isolates showed that GLA content was the highest in Rhizomucor pusillus AUMC 11616.A, Mucor circinelloides AUMC 6696.A, and M.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Mucorales</I>
    Persoonia 30, 2013: 57–76 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158513X666259 The family structure of the Mucorales: a synoptic revision based on comprehensive multigene-genealogies K. Hoffmann1,2, J. Pawłowska3, G. Walther1,2,4, M. Wrzosek3, G.S. de Hoog4, G.L. Benny5*, P.M. Kirk6*, K. Voigt1,2* Key words Abstract The Mucorales (Mucoromycotina) are one of the most ancient groups of fungi comprising ubiquitous, mostly saprotrophic organisms. The first comprehensive molecular studies 11 yr ago revealed the traditional Mucorales classification scheme, mainly based on morphology, as highly artificial. Since then only single clades have been families investigated in detail but a robust classification of the higher levels based on DNA data has not been published phylogeny yet. Therefore we provide a classification based on a phylogenetic analysis of four molecular markers including the large and the small subunit of the ribosomal DNA, the partial actin gene and the partial gene for the translation elongation factor 1-alpha. The dataset comprises 201 isolates in 103 species and represents about one half of the currently accepted species in this order. Previous family concepts are reviewed and the family structure inferred from the multilocus phylogeny is introduced and discussed. Main differences between the current classification and preceding concepts affects the existing families Lichtheimiaceae and Cunninghamellaceae, as well as the genera Backusella and Lentamyces which recently obtained the status of families along with the Rhizopodaceae comprising Rhizopus, Sporodiniella and Syzygites. Compensatory base change analyses in the Lichtheimiaceae confirmed the lower level classification of Lichtheimia and Rhizomucor while genera such as Circinella or Syncephalastrum completely lacked compensatory base changes.
    [Show full text]
  • DNA Barcoding in <I>Mucorales</I>: an Inventory of Biodiversity
    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) DNA barcoding in Mucorales: an inventory of biodiversity Walther, G.; Pawłowska, J.; Alastruey-Izquierdo, A.; Wrzosek, W.; Rodriguez-Tudela, J.L.; Dolatabadi, S.; Chakrabarti, A.; de Hoog, G.S. DOI 10.3767/003158513X665070 Publication date 2013 Document Version Final published version Published in Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Walther, G., Pawłowska, J., Alastruey-Izquierdo, A., Wrzosek, W., Rodriguez-Tudela, J. L., Dolatabadi, S., Chakrabarti, A., & de Hoog, G. S. (2013). DNA barcoding in Mucorales: an inventory of biodiversity. Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi, 30, 11-47. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158513X665070 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:29 Sep 2021 Persoonia 30, 2013: 11–47 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158513X665070 DNA barcoding in Mucorales: an inventory of biodiversity G.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Identification of Fungi
    Molecular Identification of Fungi Youssuf Gherbawy l Kerstin Voigt Editors Molecular Identification of Fungi Editors Prof. Dr. Youssuf Gherbawy Dr. Kerstin Voigt South Valley University University of Jena Faculty of Science School of Biology and Pharmacy Department of Botany Institute of Microbiology 83523 Qena, Egypt Neugasse 25 [email protected] 07743 Jena, Germany [email protected] ISBN 978-3-642-05041-1 e-ISBN 978-3-642-05042-8 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-05042-8 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009938949 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: WMXDesign GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany, kindly supported by ‘leopardy.com’ Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Dedicated to Prof. Lajos Ferenczy (1930–2004) microbiologist, mycologist and member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, one of the most outstanding Hungarian biologists of the twentieth century Preface Fungi comprise a vast variety of microorganisms and are numerically among the most abundant eukaryotes on Earth’s biosphere.
    [Show full text]
  • Isolation of an Emerging Thermotolerant Medically Important Fungus, Lichtheimia Ramosa from Soil
    Vol. 14(6), pp. 237-241, June, 2020 DOI: 10.5897/AJMR2020.9358 Article Number: CC08E2B63961 ISSN: 1996-0808 Copyright ©2020 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article African Journal of Microbiology Research http://www.academicjournals.org/AJMR Full Length Research Paper Isolation of an emerging thermotolerant medically important Fungus, Lichtheimia ramosa from soil Imade Yolanda Nsa*, Rukayat Odunayo Kareem, Olubunmi Temitope Aina and Busayo Tosin Akinyemi Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Nigeria. Received 12 May, 2020; Accepted 8 June, 2020 Lichtheimia ramosa, a ubiquitous clinically important mould was isolated during a screen for thermotolerant fungi obtained from soil on a freshly burnt field in Ikorodu, Lagos State. In the laboratory, as expected it grew more luxuriantly on Potato Dextrose Agar than on size limiting Rose Bengal Agar. The isolate had mycelia with a white cottony appearance on both media. It was then identified based on morphological appearance, microscopy and by fungal Internal Transcribed Spacer ITS-5.8S rDNA sequencing. This might be the first report of molecular identification of L. ramosa isolate from soil in Lagos, as previously documented information could not be obtained. Key words: Soil, thermotolerant, Lichtheimia ramosa, Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS). INTRODUCTION Zygomycetes of the order Mucorales are thermotolerant L. ramosa is abundant in soil, decaying plant debris and moulds that are ubiquitous in nature (Nagao et al., 2005). foodstuff and is one of the causative agents of The genus Lichtheimia (syn. Mycocladus, Absidia) mucormycosis in humans (Barret et al., 1999). belongs to the Zygomycete class and includes Mucormycosis is an opportunistic invasive infection saprotrophic microorganisms that can be isolated from caused by Lichtheimia, Mucor, and Rhizopus of the order decomposing soil and plant material (Alastruey-Izquierdo Mucorales.
    [Show full text]
  • Zygomycosis Caused by Cunninghamella Bertholletiae in a Kidney Transplant Recipient
    Medical Mycology April 2004, 42, 177Á/180 Case report Zygomycosis caused by Cunninghamella bertholletiae in a kidney transplant recipient D. QUINIO*, A. KARAM$, J.-P. LEROY%, M.-C. MOAL§, B. BOURBIGOT§, O. MASURE*, B. SASSOLAS$ & A.-M. LE FLOHIC* Departments of *Microbiology, $Dermatology, %Pathology and §Kidney Transplantation, Brest University Hospital Brest France Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/mmy/article/42/2/177/964345 by guest on 23 September 2021 Infections caused by Cunninghamella bertholletiae are rare but severe. Only 32 cases have been reported as yet, but in 26 of these this species was a contributing cause of the death of the patient. This opportunistic mould in the order Mucorales infects immunocompromized patients suffering from haematological malignancies or diabetes mellitus, as well as solid organ transplant patients. The lung is the organ most often involved. Two cases of primary cutaneous infection have been previously reported subsequent to soft-tissue injuries. We report a case of primary cutaneous C. bertholletiae zygomycosis in a 54-year-old, insulin-dependent diabetic man who was treated with tacrolimus and steroids after kidney transplantation. No extracutaneous involvement was found. In this patient, the infection may have been related to insulin injections. The patient recovered after an early surgical excision of the lesion and daily administration of itraconazole for 2 months. This case emphasizes the importance of an early diagnosis of cutaneous zygomycosis, which often presents as necrotic-looking lesions. Prompt institution of antifungal therapy and rapid surgical intervention are necessary to improve the prospects of patients who have contracted these potentially severe infections. Keywords Cunninghamella bertholletiae, cutaneous zygomycosis, diabetes mellitus, kidney transplantation Introduction sub-tropical areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Thermophilic Fungi: Taxonomy and Biogeography
    Journal of Agricultural Technology Thermophilic Fungi: Taxonomy and Biogeography Raj Kumar Salar1* and K.R. Aneja2 1Department of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa – 125 055, India 2Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra – 136 119, India Salar, R. K. and Aneja, K.R. (2007) Thermophilic Fungi: Taxonomy and Biogeography. Journal of Agricultural Technology 3(1): 77-107. A critical reappraisal of taxonomic status of known thermophilic fungi indicating their natural occurrence and methods of isolation and culture was undertaken. Altogether forty-two species of thermophilic fungi viz., five belonging to Zygomycetes, twenty-three to Ascomycetes and fourteen to Deuteromycetes (Anamorphic Fungi) are described. The taxa delt with are those most commonly cited in the literature of fundamental and applied work. Latest legal valid names for all the taxa have been used. A key for the identification of thermophilic fungi is given. Data on geographical distribution and habitat for each isolate is also provided. The specimens deposited at IMI bear IMI number/s. The document is a sound footing for future work of indentification and nomenclatural interests. To solve residual problems related to nomenclatural status, further taxonomic work is however needed. Key Words: Biodiversity, ecology, identification key, taxonomic description, status, thermophile Introduction Thermophilic fungi are a small assemblage in eukaryota that have a unique mechanism of growing at elevated temperature extending up to 60 to 62°C. During the last four decades many species of thermophilic fungi sporulating at 45oC have been reported. The species included in this account are only those which are thermophilic in the sense of Cooney and Emerson (1964).
    [Show full text]
  • Addenda to "The Merosporangiferous Mucorales" Ii
    Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 5 | Issue 3 Article 7 1963 Addenda to "The eM rosporangiferous Mucorales" II Richard K. Benjamin Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Benjamin, Richard K. (1963) "Addenda to "The eM rosporangiferous Mucorales" II," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 5: Iss. 3, Article 7. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol5/iss3/7 ALISO VoL. 5, No.3, pp. 273-288 APRIL 15, 1963 ADDENDA TO "THE MEROSPORANGIFEROUS MUCORALES" II RICHARD K. BENJAMIN1 Spiromyces gen. nov. Sporophoris rectis vel ascendentibus, septatis, simplicibus vel ramosis, spiralibus; sporo­ cladiis laterale gestis, sessilibus, nonseptatis, subterminaliter constrictis, parte terminale sporangiolam unisporiam deinceps gerente; sporangiolis per gemmascentem gestis, in aetate siccis; zygosporis globosis vel subglobosis de muris crassis. Sporophores erect or ascending, septate, simple or branched, coiled; sporocladia pleuro­ genous, sessile, nonseptate, constricted subterminally, the terminal part forming unisporous sporangiola successively by budding; sporangiola remaining dry; zygospores globoid, thick­ walled. (Etym.: <Y7rupa, that which is coiled + p,vKYJ'>• fungus) Type species: Spiromyces minutus sp. nov. Coloniae in agaro ME-YE lente crescentes, in aetate prope "Maize Yellow" vel "Chamois"; hyphis vegetantibus hyalinis, septatis, ramosis, 1.7-3.5 p, diam.; sporophoris levibus, simplicibus vel
    [Show full text]
  • Fungemia and Cutaneous Zygomycosis Due to Mucor
    Jpn. J. Infect. Dis., 62, 146-148, 2009 Short Communication Fungemia and Cutaneous Zygomycosis Due to Mucor circinelloides in an Intensive Care Unit Patient: Case Report and Review of Literature Murat Dizbay, Esra Adisen1, Semra Kustimur2, Nuran Sari, Bulent Cengiz3, Burce Yalcin2, Ayse Kalkanci2*, Ipek Isik Gonul4, and Takashi Sugita5 Department of Infectious Diseases, 1Department of Dermatology, 2Department of Microbiology, 3Department of Neurology, and 4Department of Pathology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey, and 5Department of Microbiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan (Received February 6, 2008. Accepted December 26, 2008) SUMMARY: Mucor spp. are rarely pathogenic in healthy adults, but can cause fatal infections in patients with immuosuppression and diabetes mellitus. Documented mucor fungemia is a very rare condition in the literature. We described a fungemia and cutaneous mucormycosis case due to Mucor circinelloides in an 83-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus who developed acute left frontoparietal infarctus while hospitalized in a neuro- logical intensive care unit. The diagnosis was made based on the growth of fungi in the blood, skin biopsy cultures, and a histopathologic examination of the skin biopsy. The isolates were identified as M. circinelloides by molecular methods. This case is important in that it shows a case of cutaneous mucormycosis which developed after fungemia and provides a contribution to the literature regarding Mucor fungemia. Mucormycosis manifests as a rhinoorbitocerebral, pulmo- not associated with an invasive fungal disease. In addition, nary, gastrointestinal, cutaneous, or disseminated disease. The paranasal sinus and pulmonary computed tomography (CT) most frequently isolated pathogens are Rhizopus, Mucor, results were not indicative of any invasive fungal disease.
    [Show full text]
  • Epidemiological Alert: COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis
    Epidemiological Alert: COVID-19 associated Mucormycosis 11 June 2021 Given the potential increase in cases of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) in the Region of the Americas, the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) recommends that Member States prepare health services in order to minimize morbidity and mortality due to CAM. Introduction In recent months, an increase in reports of cases of Mucormycosis (previously called zygomycosis) is the term used to name invasive fungal infections (IFI) COVID-19 associated Mucormycosis (CAM) has caused by saprophytic environmental fungi, been observed mainly in people with underlying belonging to the subphylum Mucoromycotina, order diseases, such as diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic Mucorales. Among the most frequent genera are ketoacidosis, or on steroids. In these patients, the Rhizopus and Mucor; and less frequently Lichtheimia, most frequent clinical manifestation is rhino-orbital Saksenaea, Rhizomucor, Apophysomyces, and Cunninghamela (Nucci M, Engelhardt M, Hamed K. mucormycosis, followed by rhino-orbital-cerebral Mucormycosis in South America: A review of 143 mucormycosis, which present as secondary reported cases. Mycoses. 2019 Sep;62(9):730-738. doi: infections and occur after SARS CoV-2 infection. 1,2 10.1111/myc.12958. Epub 2019 Jul 11. PMID: 31192488; PMCID: PMC6852100). Globally, the highest number of cases has been The infection is acquired by the implantation of the reported in India, where it is estimated that there spores of the fungus in the oral, nasal, and are more than 4,000 people with CAM.3 conjunctival mucosa, by inhalation, or by ingestion of contaminated food, since they quickly colonize foods rich in simple carbohydrates.
    [Show full text]
  • Saksenaea Loutrophoriformis Fungal Planet Description Sheets 377
    376 Persoonia – Volume 38, 2017 Saksenaea loutrophoriformis Fungal Planet description sheets 377 Fungal Planet 622 – 20 June 2017 Saksenaea loutrophoriformis D.A. Sutton, Stchigel, Chander, Guarro & Cano, sp. nov. Etymology. From the ancient Greek λουτροφόρος-, and from the Latin Based on a megablast search of NCBIs GenBank nucleotide -forma, because of the vessel-shape of the sporangiophore. database, the closest hit with the ex-type strain using the Classification — Saksenaeaceae, Mucorales, Mucoromy- ITS sequence is Saksenaea vasiformis PWQ2338 (GenBank cotina. KP132601; Identities = 694/739 (94 %), Gaps 27/739 (3 %)); using the LSU sequence it is Saksenaea erythrospora strain Hyphae sparsely septate, branched, hyaline, smooth-walled, UTHSC 06-576 (GenBank HM776683; Identities = 714/735 3–15 μm wide. Sporangiophores erect, generally arising singly, (97 %), Gaps 3/735 (0 %)); and using the EF1-α sequence it is at first hyaline, soon becoming brown, unbranched, 50–75 μm Saksenaea vasiformis strain FMR 10131 (HM776689; Identities long, 5–10 μm wide, slightly verrucose. Sporangia terminal, = 465/477 (97 %), no gaps). Our phylogenetic tree, built from multi-spored, flask-shaped, asperulate, 70–125 μm long, with the ITS, LSU, and EF1-α nucleotide sequences, corroborated a long (60–100 μm) neck; apex of the neck closed with a mu- that our isolates represent a new species, the closest species cilaginous plug. Sporangiospores mostly bacilliform, bilaterally being S. vasiformis, with 93.6 % similarity with respect to the compressed and rounded at both ends, more or less trapezoidal ex-type strain (NRRL 2443). The sporangiospores of S. loutro- in lateral view, smooth-walled, 3.5–6(–7) × 2–3.5 μm, pale olive phoriformis are similar in size to the S.
    [Show full text]