Commonwealth of Pennsylvania House of Representatives Human Services Committee Hearing State Capitol Harrisburg, Pa Main Capitol
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COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HUMAN SERVICES COMMITTEE HEARING STATE CAPITOL HARRISBURG, PA MAIN CAPITOL BUILDING ROOM 60, EAST WING TUESDAY, MARCH 10, 2 015 1:00 P.M. PRESENTATION ON CHILDREN OF INCARCERATED PARENTS: SEEKING SOLUTIONS BEFORE: HONORABLE GENE DiGIROLAMO, MAJORITY CHAIRMAN HONORABLE RUSS DIAMOND HONORABLE TOM MURT HONORABLE JACK RADER HONORABLE CRAIG STAATS HONORABLE JUDITH WARD HONORABLE DAVID ZIMMERMAN HONORABLE BRIAN SIMS Pennsylvania House of Representatives Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 2 I N D E X TESTIFIERS ~k k k NAME PAGE SHIRLEY MOORE SMEAL EXECUTIVE DEPUTY SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS.................... ...... 6 HONORABLE WILLIAM T. TULLY JUDGE, DAUPHIN COUNTY COURT OF COMMON PLEAS........ ..... 12 ANNA HOLLIS EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, AMACHI, PITTSBURGH........................... ..... 19 KAYLA BOWYER and DEVIN WINTERS SIBLINGS AND AMACHI PARTICIPANTS............ ..... 30 KAYLEE MORGAN AMACHI....................................... ..... 37 MARY ANN GRANT AMACHI....................................... ..... 39 TIGER WEAVER AMACHI....................................... ..... 44 KATHLEEN CREAMER, ESQ. SUPERVISING ATTORNEY, FAMILY ADVOCACY UNIT, COMMUNITY LEGAL SERVICES..................... ..... 48 SUBMITTED WRITTEN TESTIMONY ~k ~k ~k (See submitted written testimony and handouts online.) 1 P R O C E E D I N G S 2 ~k ~k ~k 3 MAJORITY CHAIRMAN DiGIROLAMO: If I could have 4 everyone’s attention, I would like to call the hearing to 5 order. And first order of business, I ’d like to ask 6 everyone to stand for the Pledge of Allegiance to the flag. 7 8 (The Pledge of Allegiance was recited.) 9 10 MAJORITY CHAIRMAN DiGIROLAMO: Okay. Again, 11 welcome, everyone. I know some of you have come a long 12 distance. Many of you have come from Pittsburgh so we are 13 just very happy to see you and have you here today for the 14 hearing. 15 I think the first thing I will do is give all the 16 Members a chance to say hello and tell everyone where 17 they're from. And my name is Gene DiGirolamo. I ’m from 18 Bucks County in the 18th Legislative District, and I am the 19 Republican Chairman of the Committee. 20 REPRESENTATIVE SIMS: My name is Brian Sims. I'm 21 the State Representative from Philadelphia’s 182nd District 22 in Center City and I'm the acting Minority Chair for the 23 hearing today. 24 MAJORITY CHAIRMAN DiGIROLAMO: Okay, Tom. 25 REPRESENTATIVE MURT: Tom Murt. I represent 4 1 Philadelphia and Montgomery Counties. 2 REPRESENTATIVE STAATS: I ’m Craig Staats and I 3 represent the 145th District in Bucks County. 4 REPRESENTATIVE WARD: Representative Judy Ward 5 from Blair County, the 80th District. 6 REPRESENTATIVE DIAMOND: Representative Russ 7 Diamond, Lebanon County, 102nd District. 8 REPRESENTATIVE ZIMMERMAN: Representative Dave 9 Zimmerman, Lancaster County, the 99th District. It’s about 10 halfway between here and Philadelphia. 11 MAJORITY CHAIRMAN DiGIROLAMO: Okay. Really busy 12 day up in Harrisburg. We have an appropriations hearing 13 going on so I know some of the Members of the Committee are 14 over at the appropriation hearing also, and some of them 15 might be coming as the hearing goes on. 16 But w e ’re here for what I consider a really, 17 really important issue today. And as we all know, with the 18 increased incarceration rates over the last few decades, 19 this has produced a surge in the number of children that 20 are left behind, the silent victims of crime. These are 21 young people who are strapped with multiple problems. They 22 too often get caught up in the cycle of poverty and crime 23 and incarceration themselves. Having a parent in prison 24 can have an impact on a child’s mental health, social 25 behavior, and educational prospects. 5 1 The emotional trauma that may occur and the 2 practical difficulties of a disrupted family life can be 3 compounded by the social stigma that children may face as a 4 result of having a parent in prison. 5 Pennsylvania has taken steps I think in the 6 direction of trying to address some of the problems of 7 these children. There was a Joint State Government 8 Commission established that came back with a report in 2011 9 and I know a link to the report is available in the hearing 10 packets. 11 But I also would like to point out that one of 12 the Members of the Committee, Representative Tom Murt, who 13 is here today, is working on introducing legislation that 14 will help protect and provide services for some of the 15 children who have parents that are incarcerated. And I ’m 16 hopeful and I know the other Members of the Committee are 17 hopeful that today we might get some ideas that might help 18 Representative Murt when he’s crafting the legislation. 19 And that’s why it’s so very, very important that w e ’re here 20 today. 21 So with that, just a couple ground rules very 22 quickly. As you can tell by the lights, the TV cameras are 23 on so I just want to remind everybody that we are being 24 filmed and hopefully at some point in time it will be on 25 PCN on the TV channel. 6 1 And also what I would like to do because many of 2 you have traveled a long way, I ’d like to get everybody to 3 give their testimony first and then at the end of the 4 hearing if we have some time, maybe we'll have some time 5 for questions or answers from the Members of the Committee. 6 We do have to be out of the room by three o'clock so 7 hopefully we can get through all the testimony and we will 8 have time for some questions and answers at the end. 9 Okay. With that, I'd like to call up our first 10 testifier, Shirley Moore Smeal, who is the Executive Deputy 11 Secretary for the Department of Corrections. And, Shirley, 12 welcome. 13 MS. SMEAL: Thank you. 14 MAJORITY CHAIRMAN DiGIROLAMO: Good to have you 15 with us. And you can begin whenever you're ready. 16 MS. SMEAL: Well, thank you. Good afternoon, 17 Chairman, and Members of the House Human Services 18 Committee. 19 As was stated, my name is Shirley Moore Smeal and 20 I am the Executive Deputy Secretary for the Pennsylvania 21 Department of Corrections, and it's my pleasure to be here 22 to participate and provide testimony on behalf of Secretary 23 Wetzel and the Department. 24 When we talk about children and we talk about 25 incarcerated individuals, it may or may not come as a 7 1 surprise to you that in Pennsylvania we have over 50,000 2 individuals who are incarcerated. Of that number, we have 3 approximately 2,400 women who are incarcerated. So on 4 average when we look at cost, it costs approximately 5 $34,000 per year to house a male offender, and when we look 6 at females who are incarcerated, the cost jumps up to 7 almost $44,000 per year. And if those figures alone aren’t 8 astonishing, then hopefully these numbers will be. 9 And as indicated in the written testimony that I 10 provided, in Pennsylvania we have over 81,096 children that 11 have a parent in prison; 75,747 of those have a male or a 12 father who’s in prison and over 5,000 have a mother who is 13 in prison. These are children who are directly impacted by 14 incarceration. However, when you consider the number of 15 nieces and nephews and cousins and neighborhood children 16 that are impacted as well, the effects of parental 17 incarceration become exponential and the results often 18 become priceless. 19 So as a society, we have to recognize that my 20 normal is not your normal, and the normal for those kids 21 who have a parent incarcerated is not our normal either. 22 Those who have come in contact with the criminal justice 23 system, we have to make sure that they are provided the 24 best opportunity for success that we can. 25 So how are the children impacted? To name a few, 8 1 the negative outcomes that they experience are guilt over 2 the parent's incarceration, depression, anxiety or 3 resentment, low self-esteem, lack of emotional support, and 4 stress from having different or multiple caregivers, just 5 to name a few. Additionally, these children are at a 6 greater risk of substance abuse and possibly criminality 7 later in life. They have increased risk for domestic, 8 physical, and sexual abuse, and/or poor school performance. 9 Unfortunately, some children experience 10 generational incarceration like a daughter, mother, and 11 grandmother that I had that were all confined at SCI Muncy 12 whenever I was Superintendent. 13 So what can we do to lessen the impact for those 14 children of incarcerated parents? According to parole 15 violator research, one of the greatest key indicators that 16 contributed to their success was having a mentor compared 17 to those who were parole violators that were returned and 18 did not have a mentor, so meaning that it's an important 19 factor to keep those that are paroled or on the street to 20 have a mentor. It’s significant to keeping them out. 21 And as far as research on having a mentor keeping 22 young people out of the criminal justice system to begin 23 with, the research says that at-risk kids who have a mentor 24 are less likely to get involved with the criminal justice 25 system.