DOCSLIB.ORG

Supplement DEA CIR EXPERT PANEL MEETING JUNE 27-28, 2011

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Supplement DEA CIR EXPERT PANEL MEETING JUNE 27-28, 2011 Supplement DEA CIR EXPERT PANEL MEETING JUNE 27-28, 2011 International journal of Toxicology 29(Supplement 3) 15lS-161S © The Author(s) 2010 Final Report of the Amended Safety Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Assessment of Sodium Laureth DOl: 10.1 177/1091581810373151 http://ijt.sagepub.com Sulfate and Related Salts of Sulfated SAGE Ethoxylated Alcohols Valerie C. Robinson’, Wilma F. Bergfeld, MD, FACP2, Donald V. Belsito, , Ronald MD2 2, Curtis A. Hill, PhD D. Klaassen, PhD2, James G. Marks Jr, 2, 2, Shank, PhD MD Ronald C. Thomas 2, J. Slaga, PhD Paul W. Snyder, DVM, 2, and F. Alan PhD Andersen, PhD3 Abstract Sodium Iaureth sulfate is a member of a group of salts of sulfated ethoxylated alcohols, the safety of which was evaluated by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel for use in cosmetics. Sodium and ammonium laureth sulfate have not evoked adverse responses in any toxicological testing. Sodium laureth sulfate was demonstrated to be a dermal and ocular irritant but not a sensitizer. The Expert Panel recognized that there are data gaps regarding use and concentration of these ingredients. However, the overall information available on the types of products in which these ingredients are used and at what concentrations indicates a pattern of use. The potential to produce irritation exists with these salts of sulfated ethoxylated alcohols, but in practice they are not regularly seen to be irritating because of the formulations in which they are used. These ingredients should be used only when they can be formulated to be nonirritating. Keywords cosmetics, safety, sodium laureth sulfate, salts of sulfated ethoxylated alcohols The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel previ acknowledged that although these ingredients can be eye and ously evaluated the safety of sodium myreth sulfate, with the skin irritants, they can be used safely in the practices of use and data myreth sulfate and 2”1 conclusion, based on for sodium concentration reported. sodium laureth sulfate, that sodium myreth sulfate is safe as cosmetic ingredient in the present practices of use and Sodium laureth sulfate and ammonium laureth sulfate are used a l57 concentration.1’ in cosmetic products as cleansing agents, emulsifiers, stabili zers, and solubilizers. The ingredients have been shown to pro Sodium myreth sulfate is the sodium salt of sulfated, ethoxylated duce eye andlor skin irritation in experimental animals and in myristyl alcohol which is used as a surfactant and cleansing some human test subjects; irritation may occur in some users agent in cosmetics at concentrations ranging from >1.0%-5.0% of cosmetic formulations containing the ingredients under con to >50.0%. A formulation containing 7.0% sodium myreth sul sideration. The irritant effects are similar to those produced by fate was shown to be an ocular irritant in experimental animals other detergents, and the severity of the irritation appears to and in some human test subjects. These irritant effects were sim increase directly with concentration. However, sodium and ilar to those previously reported for the chemically similar com ammonium laureth sulfate have not evoked adverse responses pound sodium laureth sulfate, which was shown to be safe for use in any other toxicological testing. On the basis of available in cosmetics. The report summarizes the safety test data on sodium laureth sulfate. Based upon the combined data cited in the report on both cosmetic ingredients, it is concluded that Cosmetic Ingredient Review Scientific Analyst/V’riter 2 sodium myreth sulfate is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the pres Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel Member ent practices of use and concentration. Cosmetic Ingredient Review Director Corresponding Author: The reference to data for sodium laureth sulfate acknowledges Valerie C. Robinson, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite an earlier safety assessment completed for ammonium laureth 412, Washington, DC 20036 sulfate and sodium laureth sulfate, in which the Expert Panel Email: cirinfo©cir-safety.org 152S International journal of Toxicology 29(Supplement 3) information, the panel concludes that sodium laureth sulfate No uses were reported under the VCRP for ammonium capry and arnmonium laureth sulfate are safe as presently used in leth sulfate, ammonium myreth sulfate, ammonium C12-15 cosmetic products. pareth sulfate, magnesium coceth sulfate, magnesium myreth sulfate, sodium Cl0-15 pareth sulfate, sodium C12-13 pareth In 2002, the CIR Expert Panel considered all available new sulfate, sodium laneth sulfate, sodium deceth sulfate, or zinc data on ammonium laureth sulfate and sodium laureth sulfate coceth sulfate. and reaffirmed that these ingredients are safe in the practices The reported use concentrations from a survey conducted by of use and concentration given.3 the Personal Care Products Council are shown in Table 2.6 No The CIR Expert Panel has further considered these related use concentrations were reported for ammonium myreth sulfate ingredients and determined that the data available for sodium and magnesium myreth sulfate. myreth sulfate and for both ammonium laureth sulfate and In some cases, ingredient uses were not reported to FDA in sodium laureth sulfate support the safety of a larger group of the VCRP; however, concentrations were provided to the Per chemically similar salts of sulfated ethoxylated alcohols. sonal Care Products Council. It should be presumed that there Accordingly, the CIR Expert Panel is amending both origi is at least 1 use in a product category if a use concentration is nal safety assessments to include ingredients.”2 other This reported in the industry survey. In other cases, the uses were report addresses the safety of the following ingredients: reported but no concentration was provided. In that case, it may be presumed that the use concentrations are similar to other use • Sodium myreth sulfate concentrations of related ingredients in that product category. • Ammonium capryleth sulfate As reported in the safety assessment of ammonium and • Ammonium C12-15 pareth sulfate sodium laureth sulfate, the laureth sulfate salts are used as • Arnmonium laureth sulfate shampoo, bath, and skin-cleansing ingredients, primarily • Arnmonium myreth sulfate because of both their high degree of foaming and detergency • Magnesium coceth sulfate and their “softness” to the 2 They skin. also function as emul • Magnesium laureth sulfate sifiers, stabilizers, and perfume solubilizers and are compatible • Magnesium myreth sulfate with nonionics, amides, amphoterics, and other anionic sys • Magnesium oleth sulfate tems. Their surface-active characteristics allow the laureth sul • Sodium Cl0-l5 pareth sulfate fates to be especially useful ingredients in products that require • Sodium Cl2-l3 pareth sulfate hard water tolerance and lime soap dispersing power. These • Sodium C12-15 pareth sulfate last characteristics increase with the degree of ethoxylation. • Sodium coceth sulfate • Sodium deceth sulfate • Sodium laneth sulfate • Sodium laureth sulfate Noncosmetic • Sodium oleth sulfate The anionic surfactants included in this report are generally • Sodium trideceth sulfate recognized for their thickening effect and ability to create • Zinc coceth sulfate lather; therefore, they have applications in industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash Chemistry soaps. Definition and Structure Table 1 presents synonyms, technical names, and trade names; New Safety Data chemical classes; definitions; and structures for each of the Ocular Irritation ingredients in this report as given in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and HandbooJr.4 Tests were performed on ammonium alcohol ethoxy sulfate (the length of alkyl chain and degree of ethoxylation was not specified) in 10% and 20% concentrations of a liquid formula Use tion containing 9% active material. This substance was found Cosmetic to be nonirritating when instilled into the eyes of 20 human volunteers.7 Table 2 presents the available product use information pro vided by manufacturers to the US Food and Drug Administra tion (FDA) under the Voluntary Cosmetic Reporting Program (VCRP) for sodium myreth sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, M ucosal Irritation magnesium laureth sulfate, magnesium oleth sulfate, sodium When applied once daily for 2 weeks to male and female geni coceth sulfate, sodium C12-l5 pareth sulfate, sodium laureth talia, a 25% solution of a product containing 9% ammonium sulfate, sodium oleth sulfate, and sodium trideceth 5 sulfate. alcohol ethoxy sulfate was to 7 found be nonirritating. (continued) Mg 2 H 4 0GH2(OCH )OSO 3NH4 2GH(OGH )OSO 3NH4 Formula/Structure CH3(GH2)6GH(OGH)OSONH4 R(OCH 2GH)OSO 3N CH 3(GH 2) CH 3(GH 2)1 [R(OGH 2GH)OSO 3] 4. and the sulfate where sulfate the where to oil 4. CI2-15 formula and between to I 2-15 and the Cl represents I lauryl caprylyl to formula myristyl value formula R coconut polyethylene generally a the 4. synthetic the ethoxylated the generally between of 3. has and to from to where between n I of generally sulfated value ethoxylated a conforms ethoxylated a ethoxylated sulfated, represents value mixture It of value conforms of of derived of where R of a has generally It generally between n structure) of salt salt salt salt conforms salt average and groups average alcohol. where (see value that ether 4. an a an alcohols. structure) conforms conforms alkyl has and has has I Definition n Ammonium that (see Ammonium glycol
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
    Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Received…………………….……3/7/00 Approval Scientific Review……………..….3/9/00 Biocompatible Provisional Approval IAOMT Board Review………….3/30/00 No Opinion Reevaluation……...……9/01/00, 10/4/05 Periodontal Therapy No Approval……………..…..3/31/00 Explanation of IAOMT position: No explanation is needed. Name of Scientific Review: Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) Alternative name(s) of Scientific Review: Sodium Laureth Sulfate, Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate This Scientific Review is related to: Medicine & Dentistry This Scientific Review is a: Product Do you have a vested financial interest in this Scientific Review? No Purpose of the Scientific Review: To alert to the potential toxicity of SLS in toothpastes and other personal care products. Scientific Review History: SLS has been added as an anionic surfactant or foaming agent in garage floor cleaners, engine degreasers, car wash soaps as well as many toothpastes and shampoos for many years. Briefly describe the Scientific Review: SLS is a major ingredient in many tooth pastes. It should be avoided by all because of its potential toxicity. A specifically, by outline if appropriate, describe the Scientific Review: Because it is cheap, it makes the mixture foam well and it thickens the product appreciably, manufacturers add SLS to most of their toothpastes in more than the 1% recommended maximum addition. Manufacturer(s), Distributor(s), or Publisher: • Manufacturers: Arco Chemical, Dow Chemical, Olin, Eastman Chemical • Manufacturers of these toothpastes use SLS in their products: Aquafresh, Colgate, Crest, Pepsodent, etc. Scientific Literature: • Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate: Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Vol 2#7, 1083, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Raw Materials for Cosmetics
    Raw materials for cosmetics Sasol Performance Chemicals Raw materials for cosmetics About us Raw materials for cosmetics Register of product groups About us Register of product groups Sasol’s Performance Chemicals business unit markets a broad portfolio 1 Fats and oils/esters 16 of organic and inorganic commodity and speciality chemicals. Our Special esters ................................................... 16 business consists four key business divisions: Organics, Inorganics, Castor oil derivatives ........................................... 16 Wax and PCASG (Phenolics, Carbon, Ammonia and Speciality Gases). Others ........................................................... 16 About 6300 people (incl. employees from Regional Operating Hubs) 2 Fatty alcohols 18 – 21 in offices in 18 countries serve customers around the world with a Single fractions ................................................. 18 multi-faceted portfolio of state-of-the-art chemical products and Blends ........................................................... 20 solutions for a wide range of applications and industries. Monobranched Guerbet alcohols ............................... 20 Our key products include surfactants, surfactant intermediates, fatty alcohols, linear alkyl 3 Petrolatum 22 – 23 benzene (LAB), short-chain linear alpha olefins, ethylene, petrolatum, paraffin waxes, 4 Paraffin waxes 24 – 25 synthetic waxes, cresylic acids, high-quality carbon solutions as well as high-purity and ultra-high-purity alumina. Our speciality gases sub-division supplies
    [Show full text]
  • Enhancing the Efficacy of Antimicrobial Peptide BM2, Against Mono-Species Biofilms, with Detergents
    Enhancing the efficacy of Antimicrobial peptide BM2, against mono-species biofilms, by combining with detergents A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Clinical Dentistry (Endodontics) Arpana Arthi Devi Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand 2016 Abstract Title Enhancing the efficacy of antimicrobial peptide BM2, against mono-species biofilms, by combining with detergents. Aim To investigate if a detergent regime could enhance the antimicrobial ability of BM2. Method Strains of Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans were grown from glycerol stocks after confirmation of the strains. After subculturing single colonies were cultured in TSB and CSM liquid media for 24hr to obtain a microbial suspension which was adjusted to OD600nm = 0.5. Dilution series of the peptidomimetic BM2 and detergents were prepared in aqueous solution and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using a broth micro-dilution method. Further on planktonic cells and monospecies biofilms were exposed to the detergent and BM2 combinations. The efficacy of BM2 and detergents at causing biofilm detachment was measured using a crystal violet based assay. Results Planktonic cells were easier to kill with some of the detergents in isolation or in combination with BM2. SDS and CTAB in combination with BM2 increased the efficacy of BM2 against the test organisms. Tween 20 did not kill any of the test organisms alone or in combination. Biofilms were harder to eradicate and detergent, BM2 combinations gave varied results for the different species tested. Detergents in combination with BM2 did not increase the efficacy of the antimicrobial peptide in disrupting S.
    [Show full text]
  • Sodium Laurilsulfate Used As an Excipient
    9 October 2017 EMA/CHMP/351898/2014 corr. 1* Committee for Human Medicinal Products (CHMP) Sodium laurilsulfate used as an excipient Report published in support of the ‘Questions and answers on sodium laurilsulfate used as an excipient in medicinal products for human use’ (EMA/CHMP/606830/2017) * Deletion of the E number. Please see the corrected Annex for further details. 30 Churchill Place ● Canary Wharf ● London E14 5EU ● United Kingdom Telephone +44 (0)20 3660 6000 Facsimile +44 (0)20 3660 5555 Send a question via our website www.ema.europa.eu/contact An agency of the European Union © European Medicines Agency, 2018. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Sodium laurilsulfate used as an excipient Table of contents Executive summary ..................................................................................... 3 Introduction ................................................................................................ 4 Scientific discussion .................................................................................... 4 1. Characteristics ....................................................................................... 4 1.1 Category (function) ............................................................................................. 4 1.2 Properties........................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Use in medicinal products ..................................................................................... 5 1.4 Regulatory
    [Show full text]
  • Ethoxylation Reactor Modelling and Design
    Ethoxylation Reactor Modelling and Design by Yen-ni Chiu Bachelor of Engineering (Chemical) UNSW A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Facaulty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences Swinburne University of Technology Melbourne, Australia To Mum, Dad, Jess and Ted Abstract The manufacture of nonionic surfactants generally involves ethoxylation via ethylene oxide condensation onto a hydrophobe substrate, mostly in the presence of an alkaline catalyst. Nonionic surfactants are used widely in industrial applications, such as detergents, health and personal care, coatings, and polymers. In Australia, approximately one-third of the annual consumption of nonionic surfactants is imported from offshore manufacturers; the market is highly competitive with the local manufacturer facing increasing competition from imports. Optimisation is a pressing need for the current manufacturing plant of the industrial partner for this research project, Huntsman Corporation Australia Pty Limited, the sole domestic manufacturer of nonionic surfactants in Australia. Therefore, the objectives of this research project were • to gain a better understanding of the various chemical and physical processes occurring simultaneously in an ethoxylation process; • to identify the process limitation in an existing production plant operated by Huntsman Corporation Australia, and • to explore measures for enhancing the asset productivity of the production plant. An ethoxylation process working model, describing the chemical kinetics and the physical transport processes involved, was developed to aid the exploration of optimisation opportunities, which would otherwise be empirical. Accordingly, this research project was structured into a two-stage program. The first stage determined the ethoxylation kinetics experimentally. The second stage investigated the interactions of physical transport processes numerically using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique.
    [Show full text]
  • United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 6,013,801 Köll, Deceased Et Al
    US00601 3801A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 6,013,801 Köll, deceased et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jan. 11, 2000 54 METHOD FOR PRODUCING 4,590,223 5/1986 Arai et al. ........................... 544/401 X AMINOETHYLETHANOLAMINE AND/OR 5,455,352 10/1995 Huellmann et al. .................... 544/401 HYDROXYETHYL PPERAZINE FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS 75 Inventors: Juhan Köll, deceased, late of Stenungsund, by Mall Koll, legal 0 354993 2/1990 European Pat. Off. ...... CO7C 213/06 representative; Magnus Frank, 2013 676 1/1972 Germany ....................... CO7D 51/64 Göteborg, both of Sweden 27 16946 10/1978 Germany ....................... CO7C 89/02 206670 2/1984 Germany. 73 Assignee: Akzo Nobel N.V., Arnhem, Netherlands 1512967 10/1989 Russian Federation ........ CO7C 91/12 21 Appl. No.: 08/875,871 OTHER PUBLICATIONS 22 PCT Filed: Jan. 11, 1996 86 PCT No.: PCT/EP96/00207 Ludwig Knorr und Henry W. Brownadon: Ueber Alkohol basen aus Aethylendiamin und uber das Aethylenbismor S371 Date: Oct. 30, 1998 pholin, Dec. 11, 1902 pp. 4470–4473. S 102(e) Date: Oct. 30, 1998 87 PCT Pub. No.: WO96/24576 Primary Examiner Michael G. Ambrose PCT Pub. Date: Aug. 15, 1996 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Ralph J. Mancini 30 Foreign Application Priority Data 57 ABSTRACT Feb. 8, 1995 (SE) Sweden .................................. 9500444 A method for preparing aminoethylethanolamine, and/or hydroxyethylpiperazine is described. Reaction of ethylene 51) Int. Cl." ........................ C07D 295/88; CO7C 213/04 oxide with ethylendiamine, piperazine, or a mixture of both 52 U.S. Cl. ............................................. 544/401; 564/503 produces these compounds. The process is integrated into a 58 Field of Search .............................
    [Show full text]
  • Fatty Acids: Fatty Acid Is a Carboxylic Acid Often with a Long Aliphatic Chain, Which Is Either Saturated Or Unsaturated
    Introduction 1 Fatty Acids: Fatty acid is a carboxylic acid often with a long aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Fatty acids and their derivatives are consumed in a wide variety because they are used as raw materials for a wide variety of industrial products like, paints, surfactant, textiles, plastics, rubber, cosmetics, foods and pharmaceuticals. Industrially, fatty acids are produced by the hydrolysis of triglycerides, with the removal of glycerol moiety. As mentioned before, fatty acids can be classified into two classes, the first is unsaturated fatty acid with one or more double bonds in the alkyl chain and the other is saturated fatty acid. Long chain 3-alkenoic acids are a family of polyunsaturated fatty acids which have in common a carbon–carbon double bond in the position 3. They are used as key precursors for synthesis of many organic compounds. There are many methods for the synthesis of such acids; here we will mention two of these methods. Nucleophilic substitution of allylic substrates with organometallic reagents, treatment of β-vinyl-β-propiolactone with butylmagnesium bromide in the presence of copper(I) iodide in THF at –30 o C, gave 3-nonenoic acid as a major product and 3-butyl-4-pentenoic acid with the ratio 98:2 respectively(1). Knoevenagel condensation of an aldehyde with malonic acid in the presence of organic bases was considerable value for the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. This reaction is mainly related to its application for the synthesis of α-β-unsaturated fatty acids. For the synthesis of β-γ-unsaturated fatty acids the Linstead modification (2) of the Knoevenagel condensation, in which triethanolamine or other tertiary amines are used.
    [Show full text]
  • Predicting Distribution of Ethoxylation Homologues With
    1 PREDICTING THE DISTRIBUTION OF ETHOXYLATION HOMOLOGUES WITH A PROCESS SIMULATOR Nathan Massey, Chemstations, Inc. Introduction Ethoxylates are generally obtained by additions of ethylene oxide (EO) to compounds containing dissociated protons. Substrates used for ethoxylation are primarily linear and branched C12-C18 alcohols, alkyl phenols, nonyl (propylene trimer) or decyl (propylene tetramer) groups, fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives. The addition of EO to a substrate containing acidic hydrogen is catalyzed by bases or Lewis acids. Amphoteric catalysts, as well as heterogeneous catalysts are also used. The degree of ethoxylation ( the moles of EO added per mole of substrate ) varies over wide ranges, in general between 3 and 40, and is chosen according to the intended use. As an illustration of how this distribution might be predicted using a process simulator, Chemcad was used to simulate the ethoxylation of Nonylphenols. Description of the Ethoxylation Chemistry The reaction mechanisms of base catalyzed and acid catalyzed ethoxylation differ, which affects the composition of the reaction products. In base catalyzed ethoxylation an alcoholate anion, formed initially by reaction with the catalyst ( alkali metal, alkali metal oxide, carbonate, hydroxide, or alkoxide ) nucleophilically attacks EO. The resulting union of the EO addition product can undergo an equilibrium reaction with the alcohol starting material or ethoxylated product, or can react further with EO: Figure 1 O RO- + H2CCH2 - - RO CH2CH2O O ROH H2CCH2 - - RO RO CH2CH2OH RO RO CH2CH2O 2 As Figure 1 illustrates, in alkaline catalyzed ethoxylations several reactions proceed in parallel. The addition of EO to an anion with the formation of an ether bond is irreversible.
    [Show full text]
  • How Safe Are Children's Shampoos?
    Available online at www.medicinescience.org Medicine Science ORIGINAL ARTICLE International Medical Journal Medicine Science 2021;10(2):334-7 How safe are children's shampoos? Habip Almis1, Ibrahim Hakan Bucak2, Huseyin Tanriverdi2 1Adiyaman University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Social Pediatrics, Adiyaman, Turkey 2Adiyaman University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Adiyaman, Turkey Received 30 October 2020; Accepted 19 January 2020 Available online 19.03.2021 with doi: 10.5455/medscience.2020.10.231 Copyright@Author(s) - Available online at www.medicinescience.org Content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Abstract Shampoos are daily care products designed to clean the hair and scalp. The aim of this study was to compare the contents of baby and newborn shampoos sold in supermar- kets and pharmacies, determine the levels of substances reported to be dangerous to babies and newborns’ health in these shampoos. This cross-sectional study included 18 newborn and baby shampoos that families could buy at supermarkets and pharmacies in Turkey. For newborn and baby shampoos, the number of preservative substances have been determined. A total of 68 chemicals was found in these 18 shampoos, with an average of 14.83 ± 2.43 chemicals in each shampoo. Most of these chemicals were not recommended for use in children. Shampoos that contain numerous chemicals and substances confirmed to be harmful or have suspicious effects should not be recommended. It is clear that more studies are needed in this under-researched area. Keywords: Child, chemical, newborn, pediatrician, shampoo Introduction Even low levels of chemicals can have negative effects on growth, and these effects are more pronounced during the early stages Hair and body cleaning and care are important routine parts of of life, especially the fetal and infancy periods [3,4].
    [Show full text]
  • Safety Assessment Dhivacosmetics Dhiva Shampoo
    Cosmetic Product Safety Report Product name: Dhiva Shampoo Company name: Dhiva Cosmetics Version: 1 Formula number: Date: October 2016 Part A: Cosmetic Product Safety Information The following information is gathered and managed in the Dhiva Cosmetics product database (the product information file, PIF) under the relevant section. 1. Quantitative and qualitative composition of the cosmetic product, Dhiva shampoo composition (see Appendix A – Quantitative and qualitative composition of the cosmetic product): 2. Physical/chemical characteristics and stability of the cosmetic product: Stability clearance (see Appendix B – Stability summary). 3. Claim support: (no claim on this product). 4. Microbiological quality: Microbiological clearance (see Appendix B – Stability summary). 5. Impurities, traces, information about the packaging material: Packaging clearance (see Appendix B – Stability summary). 6. Normal and reasonably foreseable use: Label specifications (see below 2. Labelled warnings and instructions of use). 7. Exposure to the cosmetic product: (see Appendix C – Exposure assessment) and assessment below 8. Exposure to the substances: MoS calculation (see Appendix D – Margin of Safety calculations). 9. Toxicological profile of the substances (see Appendix E - Toxicological profiles for ingredients). 10. Undesirable effects and serious undesirable effects: Data from reports on (serious) undesireable effects (see Part B: Cosmetic Product Safety Assessment). 11. Information on the cosmetic product: User Test (see Appendix F – User test). Part B: Cosmetic Product Safety Assessment 1. Assessment conclusion The cosmetic product Dhiva Shampoo can be assessed as safe for normal and reasonably foreseeable use in accordance with the European Cosmetics Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009. 2. Labelled warnings and instructions of use The following warnings and instructions of use are mentioned on the packaging material/label of the product: Instructions of use: Massage into wet hair until it lathers.
    [Show full text]
  • Combined UV-Vis-Absorbance and Reflectance Spectroscopy Study of Dye Transfer Kinetics in Aqueous Mixtures of Surfactants
    Noname manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Combined UV-Vis-absorbance and Reflectance Spectroscopy Study of Dye Transfer Kinetics in Aqueous Mixtures of Surfactants Carlos G. Lopez · Anna Manova · Corinna Hoppe · Michael Dreja · Peter Schmiedel · Mareile Job · Walter Richtering · Alexander B¨oker · Larisa Tsarkova Received: date / Accepted: date Abstract We report an analytical approach to study the kinetics of desorp- tion and exhaustion of a hydrophobic dye in a multicomponent washing-model environment. The process of dye transfer between an acceptor textile (white polyamide), detergent micelles and a donor textile (red polyester) was quan- tified by a combination of colorimetric analyses. UV-Vis absorbance and UV- reflectance spectroscopy were used to follow the concentration of the solubilised dye in the micelles and the amount of dyer transferred to the acceptor textile, respectively, as a function of time. Up to ' 10 min of the washing process, the released dye is predominantly solubilised in surfactant micelles. At later times, the adsorption of the dye on the hydrophobic surface of the acceptor textile is energetically favoured. The shift of the desorption equilibrium in the presence of the acceptor textile results in ' 30% increase in the release of the dye. The reported methodology provides insight into the competition between solubili- sation of hydrophobic molecules by amphiphiles and dye adsorption on solid substrates, important for designing novel concepts of dye transfer inhibition. Carlos G. Lopez · Anna Manova · Corinna Hoppe · Walter Richtering Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany Anna Manova DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, 52056 Aachen.
    [Show full text]
  • Locating and Estimating Sources of Ethylene Oxide
    United States Office of Air Quality EPA-450/4-84-007L Environmental Protection Planning And Standards Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 September 1986 AIR EPA LOCATING AND ESTIMATING AIR EMISSIONS FROM SOURCES OF ETHYLENE OXIDE L &E EPA- 450/4-84-007L September 1986 LOCATING AND ESTIMATING AIR EMISSIONS FROM SOURCES OF ETHYLENE OXIDE U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Air and Radiation Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 This report has been reviewed by the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication as received from the contractor. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency, neither does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. EPA - 450/4-84-007L TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 1 Purpose of Document .......................................... 1 2 Overview of Document Contents ................................ 3 3 Background ................................................... 5 Nature of Pollutant .................................... 5 Overview of Production and Use ......................... 7 References for Section 3 .............................. 14 4 Emissions from Ethylene Oxide Production .................... 16 Ethylene Oxide Production ................................... 16 References for Section 4 .................................... 33 5 Emissions from Industries Which Use Ethylene
    [Show full text]