The Challenge of Scientometrics. the Development, Measurement, And
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Triple-Helix Relations and Potential Synergies Among Technologies, Industries, and Regions in Norway
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Triple-helix relations and potential synergies among technologies, industries, and regions in Norway Leydesdorff, L.; Strand, Ø. DOI 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.435 Publication date 2012 Document Version Final published version Published in Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences License CC BY-NC-ND Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Leydesdorff, L., & Strand, Ø. (2012). Triple-helix relations and potential synergies among technologies, industries, and regions in Norway. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 52, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.435 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:24 -
Scientometrics1
Scientometrics1 Loet Leydesdorff a and Staša Milojević b a Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; [email protected] b School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405-1901, United States; [email protected]. Abstract The paper provides an overview of the field of scientometrics, that is: the study of science, technology, and innovation from a quantitative perspective. We cover major historical milestones in the development of this specialism from the 1960s to today and discuss its relationship with the sociology of scientific knowledge, the library and information sciences, and science policy issues such as indicator development. The disciplinary organization of scientometrics is analyzed both conceptually and empirically. A state-of-the-art review of five major research threads is provided. Keywords: scientometrics, bibliometrics, citation, indicator, impact, library, science policy, research management, sociology of science, science studies, mapping, visualization Cross References: Communication: Electronic Networks and Publications; History of Science; Libraries; Networks, Social; Merton, Robert K.; Peer Review and Quality Control; Science and Technology, Social Study of: Computers and Information Technology; Science and Technology Studies: Experts and Expertise; Social network algorithms and software; Statistical Models for Social Networks, Overview; 1 Forthcoming in: Micheal Lynch (Editor), International -
Oecd Work on S&T Indicators and the Interest In
OECD WORK ON S&T INDICATORS AND THE INTEREST IN SCIENTOMETRICS OECD – Experts dialogue, 25 March 2014 Fernando Galindo-Rueda Economic Analysis and Statistics Division OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry The OECD context • International organisation. – “Better policies for better lives”. – 34 member countries, broader engagement – Secretary General, Council of Ambassadors, Secretariat and thematic Committees and working parties which oversee work • Types of outputs – Policy recommendations – Standards, rules, … – Policy relevant evidence and statistics, often co- produced with countries’ authorities – Policy analysis, qualitative and quantitative Background on S&T indicator work • Work on S&T indicators dating back to 1960s – Formalisation of guidelines on measuring R&D efforts (expenditure and personnel): • The Frascati Manual, 1963 – being revised for 6th time • Collection and dissemination of data: – Extended to work on human resources for S&T, technology balance of payments, innovation in firms, patents, … • Measurement work at OECD focused on data sources “controlled” by public authorities participating in OECD fora – Brief interest in mid 1990s in bibliometrics – “methods” working paper but no guidelines. Scientometrics at OECD • Since 2010, increasing use of bibliometric indicators in OECD flagship publications on S&T – For example, see hyperlinks in agenda. • Microdata-based approach promoted in 2010 OECD Innovation Strategy. – Promotion of microdata use and linking within countries. Approach of cross-country co-ordinated analyses. – In-house use of microdata under license (Elsevier) within OECD Micro-Data Lab. • As part of building a broader, linked microdata infrastructure. • OECD MDL brings together different administrative and public data sources. • Collaborations with external organisations – NISTEP, Scimago, MCT-Brazil and JSTA. -
Scientometric Analysis of Research in Energy Efficiency and Citizen
sustainability Article Scientometric Analysis of Research in Energy Efficiency and Citizen Science through Projects and Publications Daniela De Filippo 1,2,* , María Luisa Lascurain 1,2, Andres Pandiella-Dominique 1 and Elias Sanz-Casado 1,2 1 INAECU Research Institute for Higher Education and Science (UC3M-UAM), Calle Madrid 126, 28903 Getafe, Spain; [email protected] (M.L.L.); [email protected] (A.P.-D.); [email protected] (E.S.-C.) 2 Department of Library and Information Sciences, Carlos III University of Madrid, Calle Madrid 126, 28903 Getafe, Spain * Correspondence: dfi[email protected] Received: 20 March 2020; Accepted: 23 June 2020; Published: 24 June 2020 Abstract: Energy efficiency is part of the commitment to environmental sustainability made by the organizations that promote and finance research and by the researchers that make this field their subject of study. Although there is growing interest in the subject, it is worth asking whether the research has been approached considering citizens’ needs or citizens’ participation. The main objective of this study is to analyse whether energy efficiency research has adopted a citizen science perspective. Using scientometric methods, the SCOPUS and CORDIS databases were consulted and a document search strategy was developed to gather information on publications and projects. The analysis revealed that, out of 265 projects under the Seventh Framework Programme on Energy Efficiency, only seven (3%) were related to citizen science. Although there is a large volume of publications on energy efficiency (over 200,000) and a considerable number of publications on citizen science (>30,000 articles), only 336 documents were identified that deal with both topics. -
An Analysis of Citizen Science Based Research: Usage and Publication Patterns
RESEARCH ARTICLE An Analysis of Citizen Science Based Research: Usage and Publication Patterns Ria Follett*, Vladimir Strezov Department of Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia * [email protected] Abstract The use of citizen science for scientific discovery relies on the acceptance of this method by the scientific community. Using the Web of Science and Scopus as the source of peer reviewed articles, an analysis of all published articles on “citizen science” confirmed its growth, and found that significant research on methodology and validation techniques pre- ceded the rapid rise of the publications on research outcomes based on citizen science methods. Of considerable interest is the growing number of studies relying on the re-use of collected datasets from past citizen science research projects, which used data from either individual or multiple citizen science projects for new discoveries, such as for climate change research. The extent to which citizen science has been used in scientific discovery OPEN ACCESS demonstrates its importance as a research approach. This broad analysis of peer reviewed Citation: Follett R, Strezov V (2015) An Analysis of papers on citizen science, that included not only citizen science projects, but the theory and Citizen Science Based Research: Usage and methods developed to underpin the research, highlights the breadth and depth of the citizen Publication Patterns. PLoS ONE 10(11): e0143687. science approach and encourages cross-fertilization between the different disciplines. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0143687 Editor: Stefano Goffredo, University of Bologna, ITALY Received: March 5, 2015 Introduction Accepted: November 9, 2015 Public involvement in scientific discovery can be tracked through recorded history [1] with the Published: November 23, 2015 earliest records dating back 1,910 years for locust outbreaks in China [2]. -
PDF Download Starting with Science Strategies for Introducing Young Children to Inquiry 1St Edition Ebook
STARTING WITH SCIENCE STRATEGIES FOR INTRODUCING YOUNG CHILDREN TO INQUIRY 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Marcia Talhelm Edson | 9781571108074 | | | | | Starting with Science Strategies for Introducing Young Children to Inquiry 1st edition PDF Book The presentation of the material is as good as the material utilizing star trek analogies, ancient wisdom and literature and so much more. Using Multivariate Statistics. Michael Gramling examines the impact of policy on practice in early childhood education. Part of a series on. Schauble and colleagues , for example, found that fifth grade students designed better experiments after instruction about the purpose of experimentation. For example, some suggest that learning about NoS enables children to understand the tentative and developmental NoS and science as a human activity, which makes science more interesting for children to learn Abd-El-Khalick a ; Driver et al. Research on teaching and learning of nature of science. The authors begin with theory in a cultural context as a foundation. What makes professional development effective? Frequently, the term NoS is utilised when considering matters about science. This book is a documentary account of a young intern who worked in the Reggio system in Italy and how she brought this pedagogy home to her school in St. Taking Science to School answers such questions as:. The content of the inquiries in science in the professional development programme was based on the different strands of the primary science curriculum, namely Living Things, Energy and Forces, Materials and Environmental Awareness and Care DES Exit interview. Begin to address the necessity of understanding other usually peer positions before they can discuss or comment on those positions. -
Women in Science and Higher Education: a Bibliometric Approach
Women in science and higher education: A bibliometric approach Tahereh Dehdarirad ADVERTIMENT. La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tdx.cat) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX ni al Dipòsit Digital de la UB. No s’autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX o al Dipòsit Digital de la UB (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora. ADVERTENCIA. La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del servicio TDR (www.tdx.cat) y a través del Repositorio Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR o al Repositorio Digital de la UB. -
Scientometrics: the Project for a Science of Science Transformed Into an Industry of Measurements
scientiæ zudia, São Paulo, v. 12, special issue, p. 147-59, 2014 Scientometrics: the project for a science of science transformed into an industry of measurements Renato Rodrigues Kinouchi abstract This paper discusses the intellectual justification of scientometrics through the claim that it is part of the quest for a quantitative science of science. Initially, I will make a brief description of scientometrics’ his- torical background. Next, I will explain that those disciplines that have been satisfactorily mathematized always contain two distinct basic components: an axiomatic, defining the operations that can be realized with the available data, and an interpretation of their meaning. Counting papers and citations is a way to collect statistical data about scientific activities, and therefore the axiomatic basis of scientometrics comes from statistics. Regarding the interpretation of scientometrics, I will argue that the meanings attributed to their key concepts are usually borrowed from economics. Then I discuss how the promise of a science of science becomes a too well adjusted historical narrative that apparently justifies the economic con- cerns of governments and private corporations. Keywords ● Scientometrics. Citation analysis. Quantitative methods. Commoditization. The significance of science and technology for economic development is currently taken for granted as an indisputable premise of any science policy. A wide range of authors from the nineteenth century already had emphasized the connections between sci- ence, technology, -
Social Networks
Animating the development of Social networks over time using a dynamic extension of multidimensional scaling Animating the development of Social networks over time using a dynamic extension of multidimensional scaling Loet Leydesdorff, Thomas Schank, Andrea Scharnhorst, and Wouter de Nooy Loet Leydesdorff (Ph. D. Thomas Schank is teacher Andrea Scharnhorst is se- Wouter de Nooy, with a Sociology, M. A. Philosophy, and research assistant at the nior research fellow at the background in the sociology and M. Sc. Biochemistry) Universität Karlsruhe, Faculty Virtual Knowledge Studio, a of art and culture, is associate reads Science and Techno- of Informatics. Formerly, he research programme of the professor for research methods logy Dynamics at the Ams- was a teacher and research Royal Netherlands Academy at the Amsterdam School of terdam School of Communi- assistant at the Universität of Arts and Sciences in Ams- Communication Research (AS- cations Research (ASCoR) of Konstanz, did a predoc cour- terdam, where she leads a co- CoR). He specializes in social the University of Amsterdam. se on combinatorics, geome- llaboratory on modeling and network analysis and applica- He is visiting professor of the try, and computation at the simulation in the humanities tions of network analysis to the Institute of Scientific and Te- ETH Zürich. His recent works and social sciences. Her work fields of literature, the visual chnical Information of China deal with network statistics, focuses on the use of mathe- arts, music and arts policy. His (ISTIC) in Beijing, honorary relationships between auto- matical models (in particular international publications have fellow of the Science and nomous systems, approxi- models of self-organization, appeared in Poetics and Social Technology Policy Research mating clustering coefficients evolution and complex syste- Networks. -
Are Female Scientists Less Inclined to Publish Alone? the Gender Solo Research Gap
Professor Marek Kwiek Institute for Advanced Studies in Social Sciences and Humanities, Director UNESCO Chair in Institutional Research and Higher Education Policy Adam Mickiewicz University of Poznan, Poland [email protected] ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-7953-1063 Dr. Wojciech Roszka Poznan University of Economics and Business, Poznan, Poland [email protected] ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4383-3259 Are Female Scientists Less Inclined to Publish Alone? The Gender Solo Research Gap Abstract Solo research is a result of individual authorship decisions which accumulate over time, accompanying academic careers. This research is the first to comprehensively study the “gender solo research gap” among all internationally visible scientists within a whole national higher education system: we examine the gap through “individual publication portfolios” constructed for each Polish university professor with at least a doctoral degree and internationally visible in the decade of 2009-2018. Solo research is a special case of academic publishing where scientists compete individually, sending clear signals about their research ability. Solo research has been expected to disappear for half a century, but it continues to exist. Our focus is on how male and female scientists of various biological ages, age groups, academic positions, and institutional types make use of, and benefit from, solo publishing. We tested the hypothesis that male and female scientists differ in their use of solo publishing, and we termed this difference “the gender solo research gap”. The highest share of solo research for both genders is noted for middle-aged scientists working as associate professors rather than for young scientists as in previous studies. -
Finance for the Environment: a Scientometrics Analysis of Green Finance
mathematics Article Finance for the Environment: A Scientometrics Analysis of Green Finance Rui Cai and Jianluan Guo * School of Business, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing 100081, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: To protect environmental sustainability, organizations are moving their focus towards greening the business process. Similarly to any other business function, financial management has also turned to environmentally friendly activities. Green finance is a new financial pattern that integrates environmental protection and economic profits. This paper analyses the publications on green finance, and their intellectual structure and networking. The bibliometric data on green finance research have been extracted from the Scopus database. This study finds the most productive countries, universities, authors, journals, and most prolific publications in green finance, through examining the published works. Also, the study visualizes the intellectual network by mapping bibliographic coupling (BC) and co-citation. The study’s essential contribution is the analysis of green finance developments and trajectories that can help scholars and practitioners to appreciate the trend and future studies. Keywords: green finance; environmental finance; systematic review; future research; bibliometric analysis Citation: Cai, R.; Guo, J. Finance for the Environment: A Scientometrics 1. Introduction Analysis of Green Finance. After the agrarian and industrial revolution, the negative impact of humans on the Mathematics 2021, 9, 1537. https:// environment grew, specifically due to the incredible speed and scope of these new tech- doi.org/10.3390/math9131537 nologies, and the depletion of natural materials and energy [1,2]. Therefore, a concept such as Anthropocene was evolved to depict the state of human-dominated ecosystems. -
Bibliometrics and Internet: Some Observations and Expectations*
Jointly published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht Scientometrics, and Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest Vol. 50, No. 1 (2001) 5963 Bibliometrics and internet: Some observations and expectations* ANTHONY F. J. VAN RAAN Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS), University of Leiden, Leiden (The Netherlands) Electronic publishing developments and new information technology in general will affect the main functions of scientific communication. Most changes however will be primarily technological but not conceptual. Publication via journals of high reputation is in most fields of science crucial to receive professional recognition. That will remain so in the electronic era. A much more revolutionary change in science will be the increasing availability and sharing of research data. Introduction In this paper we elaborate on our earlier work on the role of the quality assurance system in science in the era of electronic publishing (Van Raan, 1997). The active scientist is both an author and a reader of publications. Roosendaal (1995) clearly formulates this dichotomy in the scientific communication process. As an author, the scientist is knowledge-dissemination driven. He or she wants to publish as much as possible. But as a reader the scientist is knowledge-concentration and -integration driven, wanting to read as less as possible. This dichotomy is important in the discussion about scientific communication in general and about the electronic developments in particular. The electronic developments undoubtedly enable further growth in documented knowledge. This is generally regarded as positively related to accessibility of knowledge and openness of research results. However, the rate of growth of scientific publishing can also be seen as a threat for the progress of science.