The People Who Give More: Health and Mental Health Among the Contemporary Puyallup Indian Tribal Community

George M. Guilmet and David L. Whited )

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American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research

The Journal of the National Center Monograph Series Centersfor American Indian andAlaska Native

American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research Copyright:

Volume 2, Monograph 2, Winter 1989 ColoradoSchoolofPublic Health/University ofColorado Anschutz Medical Campus

Published by the National Center

University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Department of Psychiatry 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Campus Box C249 , Colorado 80262

ISSN 0893-5394 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Spero M. Manson, Ph.D.

JOURNAL MANAGER Judy K. Kuntze-Colby

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CAROLYN L. ATINEAVE, Ph.D. GEORGE M. GUILMET, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus Dept. of Comparative Sociology University of Puget Sound

ANNA E. BARON, Ph.D. ROBERT HACKENBERG, Ph.D. Department of Psychiatry Department of Anthropology University of Colorado H.S.C. University of Colorado, Boulder

JANETIE BEALS, Ph.D. SANDRA K. JOOS, Ph.D. ) Department of Psychiatry Health Services Research Un iversity of Colorado H.S.C. Portland VA Medical Center

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DONALD W. BECHTOLD, M.D. J. DAVID KINZIE, M.D. Department of Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry University of Colorado H.S.C. Oregon Health Sciences University Centersfor American Indian andAlaska Native MORTON BEISER, M.D. TERESA LaFROMBOISE, Ph.D. American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research Department of Psychiatry School of Education Copyright: University of British Columbia ColoradoSchoolofPublic Health/University ofColorado Anschutz Medical Campus JOSEPH D. BLOOM, M.D. PAULK. LEUNG, M.D. Department of Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry Oregon Health Sciences University Oregon Health Sciences University

JAMES BOEHNLEIN, M.D. JERROLD E. LEVY, Ph.D. Departm ent of Psychiatry Department of Anthropology Oregon Health Sciences University University of Arizona

LtN BRUCE, Ph.D. CAROL LUJAN, Ph.D. Departm ent of Psychology School of Justice Studies Washington State University Arizona State University

NORMAN G. DINGES, Ph.D. PHILIP A. MAY, Ph.D. Department of Psychiatry Department of Sociology Oregon Health Sciences University University New Mexico

CANDACE M. FLEMING, Ph.D. BEATRICE MEDICINE, Ph.D. Department of Psychiatry Department of Anthropology University of Colorado H.S.C. California State Univ., Northridge RESEARCH ASSOCIATES (Continued)

GERALD V. MOHATT, Ed.D. RICHARD SCHULZ, Ph.D. Human/Rural Development College Cathedral of Learning University of Alaska, Fairbanks University of Pittsburgh

GORDON NELIGH, M.D. JAMES H. SHORE, M.D. Department of Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry University of Colorado H.S.C. University of Colorado H.S.C.

KEN PEPION PAT SILK-WALKER, R.N., M.S. Native American Studies Program Psychosocial Nursing Department University of Washington

RON PETERS, B.A. JOSEPH E. TRIMBLE, Ph.D. Greater Community Department of Psychology Mental Health Services Western Washington University

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American Indian Studies Center Department of Psychiatry University of California, Los Angeles University of Minnesota Centersfor American Indian andAlaska Native

American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research

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GRACE POWLESS SAGE, Ph.D. ARONS. WOLF, M.D. Multicultural Center for Counseling Langdon Clinic University of Colorado, Boulder Anchorage, Alaska

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ISSN 0893-5394 @1989 The Center for American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research Denver,Colorado All Rights Reserved American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research Copyright: Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health Colorado School of Public Health/University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (www.ucdenver.edu/caianh)

The People Who Give More: Health and Mental Health Among the Contemporary Puyallup Indian Tribal Community

George M. Guilmet and David L. Whited

American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research Volume 2, Monograph 2, Winter 1989 )

www.ucdenver.edu/caianh ( Health

Introduction 9

Centersfor American Indian andAlaska Native Acknowledgments 13 American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research Copyright:

Authors' Statement 17 ColoradoSchoolofPublic Health/University ofColorado Anschutz Medical Campus

Chapter One The Historical Context

Ethnohistory of the Puyallup Mental Health Care System 19 Broader Medical Context 25 Impact of Western Medicine 27

Chapter Two The Contemporary Situation

The Puyallup Tribal Community 33 The Mental Health Care System 36 Chapter Three Health Care and Health Care Seeking Strategies

Introduction 41 Research Methods 41 Results 43 Discussion 49 Conclusions 54

Chapter Four Mental Health in a General Health Care System

The Problem 57 Mental Health Care within a Primary Health Care Clinical Facility 57 Coordination of Primary Care with Basic Mental Health Services 61 ) Conclusions 65

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Chapter Five Cultural Lessons for Clinical Mental Health Practice Centersfor American Indian andAlaska Native Introduction 68 American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research Cultural Maps 69 Copyright: Family Structure 70 Ritual and Ceremonialism 73 ColoradoSchoolofPublic Health/University ofColorado Anschutz Medical Campus Values and Value Conflict 76 Educational Conflict 79 Sense of Time and Self 81 Communication Styles 84 Prejudice or Pride 88 Barriers to Services in the Non-Indian Community 90 Cultural Sensitivity 91

Chapter Six Contemporary Health Care Crisis

The Current Health Care Situation 95 Legal and Historical Basis for Indian Health Services 97 The Puyallup Tribal Position Summarized 98 Chapter Six (continued) Contemporary Health Care Crisis

The Medicine Creek Treaty and Medical Care: A Federal Responsibility 99 Puyallup Response to Proposed Eligibility Criteria 101 Puyallup Response to Contract Care Payment Limitation on Reimbursements to Medicare Rates 105 The Perspective of Anthropology 106 Should Any Tribe Support the Quarter Blood IHS Criteria? 108 The Duties of the Trustee no

Chapter Seven

Incontinence and Biomedicine )

Introduction www.ucdenver.edu/caianh

113 ( Health Definitions 113 Historic Examples 116 Conclusions 125 Centersfor American Indian andAlaska Native

American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research Authors' Notes 127 Copyright: ColoradoSchoolofPublic Health/University ofColorado Anschutz Medical Campus References 131

About the Authors 141