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Drastic Times Page 1 of 3 Economist.Com 1/8/2009
Economist.com Page 1 of 3 Economics focus Drastic times Jan 8th 2009 From The Economist print edition Past crises inspire little confidence about the outcome of this one for America THE good news, said Alan Blinder of Princeton University to a crowded hall on the opening day of this year’s gathering of the American Economic Association (AEA) in San Francisco, is that the stockmarket rallied yesterday. The bad news, he joked, is that it bounced on hopes that the economy’s problems would be solved at the AEA meetings. No such luck. The prevailing mood at this year’s event was one of despair, not hope. The tone of the three-day conference, which ran between January 3rd and 5th, was set on its first morning when Kenneth Rogoff of Harvard University outlined the results of new research conducted with Carmen Reinhart of the University of Maryland. The paper*, a sequel to work presented at the 2008 conference, looks at the aftermath of past financial meltdowns to gauge just how bad America’s recession might be. The analysis is based on 14 “severe” banking busts, including the Depression as well as the more recent “big- five” crises in the rich world—Spain in the late 1970s, Norway in 1987, and Finland, Japan and Sweden in the early 1990s. The sample also includes seven emerging-market crises that were left out of the earlier analysis for fear of appearing too alarmist. A year on, the authors have no such qualms. The hubristic belief in America that “we don’t have financial crises” is now obviously false, said Mr Rogoff. -
The Mexican-American Press and the Spanish Civil War”
Abraham Lincoln Brigades Archives (ALBA) Submission for George Watt Prize, Graduate Essay Contest, 2020. Name: Carlos Nava, Southern Methodist University, Graduate Studies. Chapter title: Chapter 3. “The Mexican-American Press and The Spanish Civil War” Word Count: 8,052 Thesis title: “Internationalism In The Barrios: Hispanic-Americans and The Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939.” Thesis abstract: The ripples of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) had a far-reaching effect that touched Spanish speaking people outside of Spain. In the United States, Hispanic communities –which encompassed Puerto Ricans, Cubans, Mexicans, Spaniards, and others— were directly involved in anti-isolationist activities during the Spanish Civil War. Hispanics mobilized efforts to aid the Spanish Loyalists, they held demonstrations against the German and Italian intervention, they lobbied the United States government to lift the arms embargo on Spain, and some traveled to Spain to fight in the International Brigades. This thesis examines how the Spanish Civil War affected the diverse Hispanic communities of Tampa, New York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco. Against the backdrop of the war, this paper deals with issues regarding ethnicity, class, gender, and identity. It discusses racism towards Hispanics during the early days of labor activism. It examines ways in which labor unions used the conflict in Spain to rally support from their members to raise funds for relief aid. It looks at how Hispanics fought against American isolationism in the face of the growing threat of fascism abroad. CHAPTER 3. THE MEXICAN-AMERICAN PRESS AND THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR During the Spanish Civil War, the Mexican-American press in the Southwest stood apart from their Spanish language counterparts on the East Coast. -
Mexico's Diplomatic Asylum Policy
Politics Mexico’s Diplomatic Asylum Policy Roberta Lajous * E V A / a v a N o i v a t c O Mexico’s Foreign Relations Ministry. INTRODUCTION country’s practice of diplomatic asylum: Chilean and Uru guayan socialists, Pe - Gilberto Bosques, Luis I. Rodríguez, Vi - ronists and anti-Somozan and Salva - Mexico was already a stronghold of diplo - cente Muñiz Arroyo and Gonzalo Mar - doran Fara bundo Martí activists. The matic and territorial asylum in the nine - tínez Corbalá. The list of individuals long list of names includes José Martí, teenth century, but even more clearly and national groups who have benefit - Rómulo Gallegos, César Augusto San - throughout the twentieth century. Mex - ed from generous protection in Mex - dino, Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre, ican diplomats take enormous pride in ican diplomatic missions abroad is very Fidel Castro, Alaíde Foppa, Hortensia the great names associated with our long. It includes Spanish Republicans, Bussi de Allende, Leon Trotsky, Luis Austrian and German anti-fascists, Rus - Cardoza y Aragón, José Gaos, Pablo Ne - * Director of the Foreign Relations Minis - try’s Matías Romero Institute of Consular sian revolutionary ideologues, Guate ma - ruda, Nicolás Guillén, Luis Buñuel, Ofe - and Diplomatic Studies. lan nationalists, anti-Duva lierist Haitians, lia Guilmain and Rigoberta Menchú. 7 Voices of Mexico • 54 E V A / a v a N o i v a t c O In promoting the right to asylum, Mexico has had no object other than to protect the life and liberty of all individuals. Its practice has benefited persons persecuted for their ideas. -
The Pitfalls of External Dependence: Greece, 1829-2015
BPEA Conference Draft, September 10-11, 2015 The pitfalls of external dependence: Greece, 1829-2015 Carmen M. Reinhart, Harvard University and NBER Christoph Trebesch, University of Munich and CESifo DO NOT DISTRIBUTE – EMBARGOED UNTIL 1:00 PM EST ON 9/10/2015 This draft: September 5, 2015 The Pitfalls of External Dependence: Greece, 1829-2015 Carmen M. Reinhart (Harvard University and NBER) Christoph Trebesch (University of Munich and CESifo) Abstract Two centuries of Greek debt crises highlight the pitfalls of relying on external financing. Since its independence in 1829, the Greek government has defaulted four times on its external creditors, and it was bailed out in each crisis. We show that cycles of external crises and dependence are a perennial theme of Greek modern history – with repeating patterns: prior to the default, there is a period of heavy borrowing from foreign private creditors. As repayment difficulties arise, foreign governments step in, help to repay the private creditors, and demand budget cuts and adjustment programs as a condition for the official bailout loans. Political interference from abroad mounts and a prolonged episode of debt overhang and financial autarky follows. At present, there is considerable evidence to suggest that a substantial haircut on external debt is needed to restore the economic viability of the country. Even with that, a policy priority for Greece is to reorient, to the extent possible, towards domestic sources of funding. *We wish to thank the Josefin Meyer, Michael Papaioannou, Vincent Reinhart, David Romer, and Julian Schumacher for helpful comments and Jochen Andritzky and Stellios Makrydakis for sharing the data from their studies, which we cite here. -
Confidential-Sample Chapters Full Text On
CONFIDENTIAL-SAMPLE CHAPTERS FULL TEXT ON REQUEST Praise for $uperHubs “In $uperHubs, Ms. Navidi skillfully applies network science to the global finan- cial system and the human networks that underpin it. $uperHubs is a topical and relevant book that should be read by anyone seeking a fresh perspective on the human endeavor that is our financial system.” CONFIDENTIAL-SAMPLE—PROFESSOR LAWRENCE H. SUMMERS, CHAPTERS Harvard; former US Secretary of the Treasury, former Director of the US National Economic Council, former president of Harvard University, and author “Sandra Navidi’s book $uperHubs is beautifully and effectively done. Not only is it a fascinating description of the power wielded by elite networks over the financial sector, it is also a meditation on the consequences of this system for FULLthe economy TEXT and the society. ON In recentREQUEST times, we have seen extraordinary rup- tures—notably Britain’s vote to break away from the European Union and the intensified sense of exclusion felt by much of America’s working class. The last chapter of $uperHubs proposes that this ruling system›s “monoculture,” its iso- lation from the rest of society, and its seeming unawareness of the fragility of what it has built are largely responsible for these ruptures, and that the system may lead to a major crisis in the future.” —PROFESSOR EDMUND S. PHELPS, Columbia University, 2006 Nobel Prize in Economics; Director, Center on Capitalism and Society, and author “$uperHubs” is a book written with great style but also containing a lot of impor- tant substance. The style is so engaging, a real page turner, that I finished it in one non-stop session. -
IMF 6Th Statistical Forum Agenda and Bios
TH IMF Statistical Forum 6 WASHINGTON, D.C. MEASURING ECONOMIC WELFARE IN THE DIGITAL AGE: WHAT AND HOW? Nov 19–20, 2018 | Washington, D.C. | IMF Headquarters Follow us on: #StatsForum The IMF Statistical Forum aims to facilitate global dialogue on cutting- edge issues in macroeconomic and financial statistics. It offers a platform to build support for statistical improvements from key stakeholders, including policymakers, data users, academics, compilers and data providers. In its sixth year, the theme of the Forum is “Measuring Economic Welfare in the Digital Age: What and how?” The focus will be on the socio-economic implications of digitalization for welfare, a dimension that often escapes the standard macro- financial indicators, and what should be done to capture it in our statistics. MONDAY, NOVEMBER 19 NOVEMBER MONDAY, AGENDA MONDAY DAY 1 8:00 am Registration and Continental Breakfast 8:45 am Welcoming Remarks, Louis Marc Ducharme, Chief Statistician and Data Officer and Director, Statistics Department, IMF 8:50 am Introduction to the Forum, David Lipton, First Deputy Managing Director, IMF 9:15 am SESSION I: FRAMEWORK FOR ECONOMIC WELFARE “BEYOND GDP”. WHAT IS NEW IN THE DIGITAL AGE? Why do we need measures of welfare that is directly linked to economic progress but not captured by existing national accounts and price statistics? Has the need for indicators of whether growth has been inclusive become more urgent? What about household non-market production (e.g., housekeeping, child care, cooking and services of volunteers)? Has -
Coping with Disasters
KIEL WORKING PAPER Coping with Disasters: Two Centuries of International Official Lending No. 2157 June 2020 Sebastia n Horn, Carmen Reinhart and Christoph Trebesch Kiel Institute for the World Economy ISSN 1862 –1155 KIEL WORKING PAPER NO. 2157| JUNE 2020 ABSTRACT COPING WITH DISASTERS: TWO CENTURIES OF INTERNATIONAL OFFICIAL LENDING Sebastian Horn, Carmen Reinhart and Christoph Trebesch This draft: June 9, 20201 Official (government-to-government) lending is much larger than commonly known, often surpassing total private cross-border capital flows, especially during disasters such as wars, financial crises and natural catastrophes. We assemble the first comprehensive long-run dataset of official international lending, covering 230,000 loans, grants and guarantees extended by governments, central banks, and multilateral institutions in the period 1790-2015. Historically, wars have been the main catalyst of government-to-government transfers. The scale of official credits granted in and around WW1 and WW2 was particularly large, easily surpassing the scale of total international bailout lending after the 2008 crash. During peacetime, development finance and financial crises are the main drivers of official cross-border finance, with official flows often stepping in when private flows retrench. In line with the predictions of recent theoretical contributions, we find that official lending increases with the degree of economic integration. In crises and disasters, governments help those countries to which they have greater trade and banking exposure, hoping to reduce the collateral damage to their own economies. Since the 2000s, official finance has made a sharp comeback, largely due to the rise of China as an international creditor and the return of central bank cross-border lending in times of stress, this time in the form of swap lines. -
LISTADO RESUMEN DE PLANTELES POR PARTIDA REGION 4.Xlsx
LISTADO RESUMEN DE PLANTELES PARTIDA 1 Plantilla Boquillas para No. CCT Nombre_Escuela Entidad Municipio Localidad Domicilio Tipo de Conexion Nivel Grupo Boquillas Regulares Llave de Llenado Total de Salidas Tipo de Bebedero Importe sin I.V.A. Escolar Discapacitados Domicilio:CALLE DURAZNO Y PROLONG. TIJERA S/N ,NumExterior:SIN DATO 1 09DJN1076U AJUSCO DISTRITO FEDERAL TLALPAN COLONIA DOS DE OCTUBRE ,ENTRE CALLE:NINGUNA ,Y CALLE:NINGUNA ,CALLE POSTERIOR:NINGUNA RED MUNICIPAL PREESCOLAR 254 6 2114PE‐02 ,CP:SIN DATO ESCUELA SECUNDARIA TECNICA Domicilio:AV DEL RIEGO S/N ,NumExterior:SIN DATO ,ENTRE CALLE:NINGUNA 2 09DST0040A DISTRITO FEDERAL TLALPAN COLONIA VILLA COAPA RED MUNICIPAL SECUNDARIA 1525 31 9 1 1 11 SC‐03 40 ,Y CALLE:NINGUNA ,CALLE POSTERIOR:NINGUNA ,CP:SIN DATO Domicilio:PASEO DE LOS DIOSES AZTECAS SN ,NumExterior:SIN DATO ,ENTRE COLONIA CULHUACAN SECTOR 3 09DPR2459X FUNDACION DE MEXICO DISTRITO FEDERAL COYOACÁN CALLE:NINGUNA ,Y CALLE:NINGUNA ,CALLE POSTERIOR:NINGUNA ,CP:SIN RED MUNICIPAL PRIMARIA 381 8 3115PI‐02 PILOTO DATO Domicilio:PTO MATAMOROS Y MAZATLAN S/N ,NumExterior:SIN DATO COLONIA CASAS ALEMAN 4 09DPR1354W HEROE ANTONIO REYES DISTRITO FEDERAL GUSTAVO A. MADERO ,ENTRE CALLE:NINGUNA ,Y CALLE:NINGUNA ,CALLE POSTERIOR:NINGUNA RED MUNICIPAL PRIMARIA 350 7 3115PI‐02 AMPLIACION ,CP:SIN DATO Domicilio:AV CEYLAN Y PONIENTE 146 ,NumExterior:1001 ,ENTRE 5 09DES0300E JESUS F. CONTRERAS DISTRITO FEDERAL AZCAPOTZALCO COLONIA FERRERIA CALLE:NINGUNA ,Y CALLE:NINGUNA ,CALLE POSTERIOR:NINGUNA ,CP:SIN RED MUNICIPAL SECUNDARIA 272 6 -
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VARIA MEXICAN ASYLUM DURING THE SPANISH CIVIL WAR: A MISSION CARRIED OUT BY THREE MEXICAN DIPLOMATS (1934-1940) ANA NATALIA RAMÍREZ SOSA RESUMEN Este articulo se refiere a la diplomacia mexicana en el periodo entreguerras como una etapa caracterizada por una actitud de solidaridad y cooperación del Estado Mexicano y sus representantes. Ejemplo de esta actitud fue la política de asilo por parte del gobierno mexicano tras la Guerra Civil Española, que resulto en la re- cepción de 20,000 refugiados españoles en territorio mexicano y la protección miles de españoles en territorio francés. Por lo tanto, tras considerar la relevancia de la diplomacia mexicana durante este periodo, la presente investigación se de- tuvo a cuestionarse cual fue la incidencia que tuvieron los diplomáticos en las decisiones de política exterior relacionadas al asilo español. Mediante el estudio de cartas y telegramas entre el jefe de Estado y los diplomáticos, así como extrac- tos de historia oral y resultados históricos se realizo un análisis cualitativo que confirma que los diplomáticos en cuestión condicionaron las decisiones de polí- tica exterior e hicieron posible la acogida y protección de miles de españoles que huyeron de su hogar en busca de libertad. Palabras clave: Diplomáticos, Solidaridad, Asilo, Política Exterior, Protección. ABSTRACT This article refers to the Mexican diplomacy in the interwar period as a stage characterized by an attitude of solidarity and cooperation of the Mexican State and its representatives. An example of this attitude was the policy of asylum on the part of the Mexican government after the Spanish Civil War, which resulted in the reception of 20,000 Spanish refugees in Mexican territory and the protection IURIS TANTUM No. -
The Rise and Fall of Venustiano Carranza and His Contributions to Mexican Constitutionality and Nationalism, 1910-1920
Godfather of the Mexican Revolution: The Rise and Fall of Venustiano Carranza and His Contributions to Mexican Constitutionality and Nationalism, 1910-1920 The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Rubalcaba, Christian Jesus. 2011. Godfather of the Mexican Revolution: The Rise and Fall of Venustiano Carranza and His Contributions to Mexican Constitutionality and Nationalism, 1910-1920. Master's thesis, Harvard University, Extension School. Citable link https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37367556 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Godfather of the Mexican Revolution: The Rise and Fall of Venustiano Carranza and His Contributions to Mexican Constitutionality and Nationalism, 1910-1920 Christian Jesus Rubalcaba A Thesis in the Field of History for the Degree of Master of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies Harvard University March 2011 Copyright 2011 Christian Jesus Rubalcaba Abstract Most of the academic attention devoted to the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920) in recent times has focused on revolutionary leaders. Inspiration for this thesis comes from a desire to understand an important participant of the Revolution, Venustiano Carranza, whose story deserves further investigation because of his catalytic role in the ten-year conflict. This thesis poses the argument that fluctuations in the rhetoric of Carranza’s Constitutionalist campaign reflect a sense of willingness on his part to adapt strategically to new contexts; however, to show deep conviction, he always stood behind a platform that was characterized by an unwavering faith in the political doctrine of constitutionality. -
The Carranza-Villa Split and Factionalism in the Mexican Revolution, 1913--1914
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1986 Prelude to fratricide| The Carranza-Villa split and factionalism in the Mexican Revolution, 1913--1914 Joseph Charles O'Dell The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation O'Dell, Joseph Charles, "Prelude to fratricide| The Carranza-Villa split and factionalism in the Mexican Revolution, 1913--1914" (1986). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 3287. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/3287 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COPYRIGHT ACT OF 1976 THIS IS AN UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPT IN WHICH COPYRIGHT SUB SISTS. ANY FURTHER REPRINTING OF ITS CONTENTS MUST BE APPROVED BY THE AUTHOR. MANSFIELD LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA DATE : 19 86 PRELUDE TO FRATRICIDE: THE CARRANZA-VILLA SPLIT AND FACTIONALISM IN THE MEXICAN REVOLUTION, 1913-1914 by Joseph Charles O'Dell, Jr. B.A., University of Montana, 1984 Presented in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Master of Arts University of Montana 1986 pproved by: Examiners Dean, GraduaterTschool ^ $4 Date UMI Number: EP36375 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. -
Sovereign Debt and Financial Crises: Theory and Historical Evidence
SOVEREIGN DEBT AND FINANCIAL CRISES: THEORY AND HISTORICAL EVIDENCE ¨ S. ebnem Kalemli-Ozcan Carmen Reinhart University of Maryland, CEPR Harvard University and NBER and NBER Kenneth Rogoff Harvard University and NBER This issue of the Journal of the European Economic Association presents papers from the October 2013 conference on Sovereign Debt Crises organized by S. ebnem Kalemli-Ozcan,¨ Carmen Reinhart, and Kenneth Rogoff. This project arose from the need to provide rigorous research on the topic. The so-called “Great Contraction” in the world’s advanced economies is the most severe and synchronized global financial crisis since the Great Depression. It has forced all concerned parties to reassess the roles played by public and private debt, as well as the importance of international financial linkages. Nations in the European Union continue to struggle with a crisis over the debts of periphery countries, most notably Greece but also Ireland, Spain, Portugal, and Italy. The failure of most advanced countries to recover—or to regain pre- crisis levels of employment and growth in its aftermath—raises fears of experiencing the equivalent of Japan’s “lost decade”. In the wake of the crisis, it is clear that the macroeconomic models previously used by central banks and others have severe limitations. In particular, these models do not adequately incorporate financial frictions and are almost always estimated over relatively narrow data sets that do not span financial crises. The recent crisis also raises many other issues, including the links among government and private sector debt, the financial sector, and the political processes governing the resolution of fiscal and financial distress.