List of EGLE Registered Composting Facilities
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Missouri Policy on Resource Recovery and State Target Materials
Missouri Policy on Resource Recovery and State Target Materials Statement It is the policy of the State of Missouri to integrate appropriate resource recovery philosophies and practices into all relevant activities in order to minimize the amount of solid waste that requires disposal, reduce environmental and public health threats, increase the manufacture and use of products made from recycled materials and preserve our natural resources. Goals The goals of the policy are as follows: . To incorporate solid waste reduction, recycling and resource recovery into the solid waste management activities of state and local governments, industries and citizens. To apply an integrated waste management hierarchy when managing local and regional solid waste streams to minimize possible environmental impacts associated with any one technology and to achieve the maximum feasible use of waste reduction, recycling and resource recovery. This hierarchy is as follows: o First ‐ reduce the amount of solid waste created o Second ‐ reuse, recycle and compost o Third ‐ recover and use energy from solid waste o Fourth ‐ incinerate or dispose of in a sanitary landfill . To facilitate the use of recycled materials by Missouri manufacturers and encourage the development of markets for recycled materials by incorporating solid waste reduction, recycling and resource recovery concepts into programs involving procurement, industrial development, capital works and other appropriate areas. To coordinate technical and financial assistance for solid waste reduction, recycling and resource recovery in accordance with state and local solid waste management plans. Objectives For State Government State government shall assure that the implementation of state, regional and local solid waste management systems and plans support the Missouri Policy on Resource Recovery, the Missouri Solid Waste Management Law and Rules and Missouri Resource Recovery Feasibility and Planning Study. -
Wastewater-Based Resource Recovery Technologies Across Scale a Review
Resources, Conservation & Recycling 145 (2019) 94–112 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Resources, Conservation & Recycling journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/resconrec Wastewater-based resource recovery technologies across scale: A review T ⁎ Nancy Diaz-Elsayed, Nader Rezaei, Tianjiao Guo1, Shima Mohebbi2, Qiong Zhang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Over the past few decades, wastewater has been evolving from a waste to a valuable resource. Wastewater can Water reuse not only dampen the effects of water shortages by means of water reclamation, but it also provides themedium Energy recovery for energy and nutrient recovery to further offset the extraction of precious resources. Since identifying viable Nutrient recovery resource recovery technologies can be challenging, this article offers a review of technologies for water, energy, Wastewater treatment and nutrient recovery from domestic and municipal wastewater through the lens of the scale of implementation. System scale The system scales were classified as follows: small scale (design flows3 of17m /day or less), medium scale (8 to 20,000 m3/day), and large scale (3800 m3/day or more). The widespread implementation of non-potable reuse (NPR) projects across all scales highlighted the ease of implementation associated with lower water quality requirements and treatment schemes that resembled conventional wastewater treatment. Although energy re- covery was mostly achieved in large-scale plants from biosolids management or hydraulic head loss, the highest potential for concentrated nutrient recovery occurred in small-scale systems using urine source separating technologies. Small-scale systems offered benefits such as the ability for onsite resource recovery and reusethat lowered distribution and transportation costs and energy consumption, while larger scales benefited from lower per unit costs and energy consumption for treatment. -
Permaculture Principles
An Introduction by Damian Mason “Permaculture is a philosophy of working with, rather than against nature; of protracted and thoughtful observation rather than protracted and thoughtless labor; and of looking at plants and animals in all their functions, rather than treating everything as a single product system.” - Bill Mollison Organic Gardening Sustainable Cities Native Plants Food Banks & Gleaning Aquaponics Programs Greywater Systems Animals & Bee-Keeping Natural Buildings Disaster Relief & Preparedness Farmer’s Markets Conflict Resolution Slow Food Solutions to Climate Community Gardens Change Eco-villages & Cohousing Bioremediation Social Justice Beavers are a keystone species that turn deserts into gardens and mitigate drought & climate change. Uses local material to build home & makes habitat for many others as well. Shares lodge in winters. Hydrology 101: Slow it, Spread it, Sink it Take care of the earth. Leave it better than you found it. Care for all people. Return the surplus so that all may get a Fair Share. The focus is on creating a synergy where the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. “Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.” By taking time to engage with nature we can design solutions that suit our particular situation. Example: Weed or medicinal herb? Consider a plant that, when used as a poultice, has the ability to radically speed up wound healing. When eaten they boost the immune system, while the seed heads produce the digestive aid psyllium husk. This remarkable plant is often found just outside of the back door. It is plantain, a plant we usually dismiss as a ‘weed’. -
Using Contract Language to Improve Recycling
DOWNSTREAM DUE DILIGENCE TO CREATE CLEAN AND MARKETABLE FEEDSTOCKS: USING CITY CODE AND CONTRACT LANGUAGE TO ACHIEVE RESPONSIBLE RECYCLING May 2020 This report is in support of King County’s Responsible Recycling Task Force, Task 5A, which explores using city code and city-hauler contract language to favor or require proper sorting, processing, and recycling of collected recyclable materials. Contract and code language should address all steps and parties in the material handling process including haulers, sorters, brokers, processors, and manufacturers who use recycled material. The report begins with a discussion of how we call out or identify proper recycling, some existing methods of codifying responsible recycling, general approaches for contract language, and some recommended sources for code and contract language. How Do We Know “Responsible Recycling” When We See It When we sort materials for recycling, we expect they will be processed in ways that conserve resources and protect human health and safety. However, different materials have different recycling pathways, which can change often. Markets fluctuate and brokers react. This makes it difficult to identify the final processor or end-user of a material, and therefore hard to assess if the process is environmentally and socially responsible. City codes and city-hauler contracts can be used to define proper recycling or specify environmental and human health practices necessary for proper recycling. Different cities and organizations use various strategies to identify and establish proper recycling outcomes: • Washington State’s Utilities and Transportation Commission (UTC) requires that “local markets” be used whenever possible. • Bothell’s Recology contract states that electronics & small appliance processors must be "fully-permitted and properly operated" and "legitimate". -
Choosing a Soil Amendment Fact Sheet No
Choosing a Soil Amendment Fact Sheet No. 7.235 Gardening Series|Basics by J.G. Davis and D. Whiting* A soil amendment is any material added not be used as a soil amendment. Don’t add Quick Facts to a soil to improve its physical properties, sand to clay soil — this creates a soil structure such as water retention, permeability, water similar to concrete. • On clayey soils, soil infiltration, drainage, aeration and structure. Organic amendments increase soil amendments improve the The goal is to provide a better environment organic matter content and offer many soil aggregation, increase for roots. benefits. Over time, organic matter improves porosity and permeability, and To do its work, an amendment must be soil aeration, water infiltration, and both improve aeration, drainage, thoroughly mixed into the soil. If it is merely water- and nutrient-holding capacity. Many and rooting depth. buried, its effectiveness is reduced, and it will organic amendments contain plant nutrients interfere with water and air movement and and act as organic fertilizers. Organic matter • On sandy soils, soil root growth. also is an important energy source for amendments increase the Amending a soil is not the same thing bacteria, fungi and earthworms that live in water and nutrient holding as mulching, although many mulches also the soil. capacity. are used as amendments. A mulch is left on the soil surface. Its purpose is to reduce Application Rates • A variety of products are available bagged or bulk for evaporation and runoff, inhibit weed growth, Ideally, the landscape and garden soils and create an attractive appearance. -
Compost? Compost Pile?
What Do I How Do I Need to Make Start My Compost? Compost Pile? Start by picking a location. When Here’s What You Need… choosing a location look for one that is: • Well-drained and close to level • In partial shade, to help with Composting water retention • At least 1-foot away from walls, What is Composting? fences, bushes, trees etc. • A convenient spot to place Compost is a dark brown, earthy, Other You May Want to Consider: materials and to get the end crumbly material consisting of • Compost pile location product to its final location decomposed organic matter. • How quickly you want the Once you choose your location you Benefits of Composted Material: materials to breakdown will want to loosen the soil so that When added to soil, compost • How you plan to use your your compost will come into improves soil by helping with finished compost contact with the soil. both its porosity and water Other tools you may want to help retention, while providing you get started: essential nutrients plants require. Now You’re Ready Composting also diverts waste • Compost bin to Begin Your Compost Pile! from the waste stream and our • Pitchfork (compost turner) landfills! • Probe thermometer How does Material Decompose? • Chipper/shredder Thousands of Microorganisms • Wheelbarrow (for transport) work to break down the material. If conditions are properly managed we can speed up the Contact The Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Sustainability Division, for More Information: process. Phone: 207-592-0455 Mail: 17 SHS Augusta, ME Building Your Compost Pile Once you have loosened up the soil at your location, you may want to pile 4” to 6” layer of twigs on top of the plot to encourage airflow at the bottom of the pile. -
Waste Reduction and Recycling
MSBA/MASA Model Policy 805 805 WASTE REDUCTION AND RECYCLING I. PURPOSE The purpose of this policy is to establish a resource recovery program to promote the reduction of waste, the separation and recovery of recyclable and reusable commodities, the procurement of recyclable commodities and commodities containing recycled materials, the disposition of waste materials and surplus property, and establishment of a program of education to develop an awareness of environmentally sound waste management. (Minn. Stat. § 115A.15, Subd. 1) II. GENERAL STATEMENT OF POLICY The policy of the school district is to comply with all state laws relating to waste management and to make resource conservation an integral part of the physical operations and curriculum of the school district. III. DEFINITIONS A. “Lamp recycling facility” means a facility operated to remove, recover, and recycle for reuse mercury or other hazardous materials from fluorescent or high intensity discharge lamps. (Minn. Stat. § 116.93, Subd. 1) B. “Mixed municipal solid waste” means garbage, refuse, and other solid waste that is aggregated for collection but does not include auto hulks, street sweepings, ash, construction debris, mining waste, sludges, tree and agricultural wastes, tires, lead acid batteries, motor and vehicle fluids and filters, and other materials collected, processed, and disposed of as separate waste streams. (Minn. Stat. § 115A.03, Subd. 21) C. “Packaging” means a container and any appurtenant material that provide a means of transporting, marketing, protecting, or handling a product and includes pallets and packing such as blocking, bracing, cushioning, weatherproofing, strapping, coatings, closures, inks, dyes, pigments, and labels. (Minn. Stat. § 115A.03, Subd. -
Resource Recovery from Waste: Restoring the Balance Between Resource Scarcity and Waste Overload
sustainability Article Resource Recovery from Waste: Restoring the Balance between Resource Scarcity and Waste Overload Anne P. M. Velenturf * ID and Phil Purnell Resource Recovery from Waste Programme, School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-1134-32279 Received: 13 July 2017; Accepted: 1 September 2017; Published: 8 September 2017 Abstract: Current societal patterns of production and consumption drive a twin environmental crisis of resource scarcity and waste overload. Positioning waste and resource management in the context of ecosystem stewardship, this article relates increasing resource demand and waste production to the violation of planetary boundaries and human rights. We argue that a transition towards a circular economy (CE) that contributes to a resilient environment and human well-being is necessary to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The transition requires scientific and technological progress, including the development of low-energy biogeochemical technologies for resource recovery, and multi-dimensional value assessment tools integrating environmental, social, and economic factors. While the urgency to adopt a CE is well-recognised, progress has been slow. Coordinated change is required from multiple actors across society. Academia can contribute through participatory action research. This article concludes with the participation strategy of the Resource Recovery from Waste programme, aiming for changes in mentality, industry practices, and policies and regulations in the waste and resource management landscape in the UK. Keywords: waste and resource management; ecosystem stewardship; planetary boundaries; human rights; UN Sustainable Development Goals; sustainable production and consumption; circular economy; participation processes; stakeholder engagement; transdisciplinary research 1. -
COMPOST FEASIBILITY STUDY April 2017
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA COMPOST FEASIBILITY STUDY April 2017 COMMISSIONED BY: District of Columbia Department of Public Works PREPARED BY: 416 LONGSHORE DRIVE ANN ARBOR, MI 48105 734.996.1361 RECYCLE.COM TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Background and Purpose .............................................................................................................................. 7 Current Operations ................................................................................................................................... 8 SSO Collection ......................................................................................................................................... 10 Processing ............................................................................................................................................... 11 Organics Collection ...................................................................................................................................... 12 Processing Technology ................................................................................................................................ 14 Organics Outreach ....................................................................................................................................... 16 SSO Curbside Collection Modeling ............................................................................................................. -
Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture Safe Use of Safe Wastewater in Agriculture Proceedings No
A UN-Water project with the following members and partners: UNU-INWEH Proceedings of the UN-Water project on the Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture Wastewater Safe of Use Proceedings No. 11 No. Proceedings | UNW-DPC Publication SeriesUNW-DPC Coordinated by the UN-Water Decade Programme on Capacity Development (UNW-DPC) Editors: Jens Liebe, Reza Ardakanian Editors: Jens Liebe, Reza Ardakanian (UNW-DPC) Compiling Assistant: Henrik Bours (UNW-DPC) Graphic Design: Katja Cloud (UNW-DPC) Copy Editor: Lis Mullin Bernhardt (UNW-DPC) Cover Photo: Untited Nations University/UNW-DPC UN-Water Decade Programme on Capacity Development (UNW-DPC) United Nations University UN Campus Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1 53113 Bonn Germany Tel +49-228-815-0652 Fax +49-228-815-0655 www.unwater.unu.edu [email protected] All rights reserved. Publication does not imply endorsement. This publication was printed and bound in Germany on FSC certified paper. Proceedings Series No. 11 Published by UNW-DPC, Bonn, Germany August 2013 © UNW-DPC, 2013 Disclaimer The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the agencies cooperating in this project. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the UN, UNW-DPC or UNU concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Unless otherwise indicated, the ideas and opinions expressed by the authors do not necessarily represent the views of their employers. -
Circular Economy in Wastewater Treatment Plant– Challenges and Barriers †
Proceedings Circular Economy in Wastewater Treatment Plant– Challenges and Barriers † Ewa Neczaj * and Anna Grosser Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-343-250-917 † Presented at the 3rd EWaS International Conference on “Insights on the Water-Energy-Food Nexus”, Lefkada Island, Greece, 27–30 June 2018. Published: 31 July 2018 Abstract: The urban wastewater treatment plants can be an important part of circular sustainability due to integration of energy production and resource recovery during clean water production. Currently the main drivers for developing wastewater industry are global nutrient needs and water and energy recovery from wastewater. The article presents current trends in wastewater treatment plants development based on Circular Economy assumptions, challenges and barriers which prevent the implementation of the CE and Smart Cities concept with WWTPs as an important player. WWTPs in the near future are to become “ecologically sustainable” technological systems and a very important nexus in SMART cities. Keywords: circular economy; wastewater treatment plant; resource recovery 1. Introduction The circular economy (CE) is the concept in which products, materials (and raw materials) should remain in the economy for as long as possible, and waste should be treated as secondary raw materials that can be recycled to process and re-use [1]. This distinguishes it from a linear economy based on the, ‘take-make-use-dispose’ system, in which waste is usually the last stage of the product life cycle. CE is a concept promotes sustainable management of materials and energy by minimalizing the amount of waste generation and their reuse as a secondary material. -
Utilizing Extended Producer Responsibility Framework Laws to Achieve Zero Waste Anthony A
Golden Gate University Environmental Law Journal Volume 6 Article 4 Issue 2 Pacific Region Edition June 2013 Where Will All the Waste Go?: Utilizing Extended Producer Responsibility Framework Laws to Achieve Zero Waste Anthony A. Austin Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu/gguelj Part of the Environmental Law Commons Recommended Citation 6 Golden Gate U. Envt'l L. J. 221 (2013). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Academic Journals at GGU Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Golden Gate University Environmental Law Journal by an authorized administrator of GGU Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Austin: Zero Waste WHERE WILL ALL THE WASTE GO?: UTILIZING EXTENDED PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY FRAMEWORK LAWS TO ACHIEVE ZERO WASTE ANTHONY A. AUSTIN* I. INTRODUCTION The United States has a waste problem. It represents only five percent of the world population, yet it generates twenty-five to thirty percent of the world’s waste.1 In 2008, the United States generated 389.5 million tons of municipal solid waste (MSW).2 As our economy and population continue to grow, our waste will continue to grow as well.3 The obvious dilemma is that all of this waste, the byproduct of our economic advances, creates significant adverse environmental and public *Judicial Law Clerk to the Honorable Diana L. Terry, Colorado Court of Appeals. J.D., Golden Gate University School of Law (2011); LL.M., Environmental and Natural Resources Law and Policy, University of Denver Sturm College of Law (2012).