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The Owner's Manual to the Singing Voice Document THE OWNER’S MANUAL TO THE SINGING VOICE DOCUMENT Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Musical Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Rachael Kathleen Gates, B.F.A., M.M. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2002 Document Committee: Approved by Loretta Robinson, Adviser J. Robin Rice _____________________________ Adviser Michael D. Trudeau School of Music Copyright by Rachael Kathleen Gates 1-1-2002 ABSTRACT Unlike other instruments, the voice cannot simply be lifted from its hard case, examined and adjusted, fixed, cleaned, and tuned-up. Nor can the vocal folds ever be put away for safekeeping. It is but one component of a constantly functioning system, affected around-the-clock by its internal as well as external environment, making the guarantee of optimal performance impossible. The vocal fold mechanism is not primarily a musical instrument. Its many roles prevent it from ever being at rest. From assisting in swallowing, protecting the airway, helping lift heavy objects, to phonatory functions including sophisticated musical capabilities, its instrumental potential falls subject to misuse, wear and tear. As opposed to other musicians, singers cannot take their instrument out for repair and, as a result, are forced to rely on health care professionals and voice teachers for treatment and maintenance, putting themselves and their livelihood at the physician’s mercy. It is crucial, therefore, that singers be able to communicate effectively in intelligent terms with medical professionals. Singers must equip themselves with enough knowledge to clearly convey specific feelings and difficulties with their instrument. Understanding of potential dangers and disorders, familiarity with a variety of medical procedures, and comprehension in various facets of diagnosis and treatments empowers singers to own, first and foremost just like other musicians, their instrument. The Owner’s Manual for the Singing Voice is a compilation of knowledge acquired over three years of clinical and surgical observations at The Ohio State University, ExcelENT, and The Ohio Surgery Center. The Manual attempts to provide the tools mandatory for every singer’s toolbox in a very user-friendly, technically correct, and accessible way. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS L. Arick Forrest, M.D. – Michael D. Trudeau, Ph.D. – Robin Rice, D.M.A. – Loretta Robinson, M.M. – Kerrie Obert M.A., CCC-SLP, EVTS Vanguard Licensee - Martin Spencer, M.A., CCC-SLP – Joseph C. Stemple, Ph.D. – Karen Peeler, D.M.A. – Jan Fonarow, RDLD – Benjamin Girdler, M.D. - Stanton Allen, D.D.S. – Roger Dashner, Ph.D. – Johannes Mueller Stosch, M.M. – Gabriel Neal, M.D. – Yingyot Aue-u- lan - Johari Parnell, M.Ed. - Karen and Geoffrey Gates - Rita Keener iii VITA April 9, 1975………….…………….Born - Burlington, Vermont 1997…...…………………………….B.F.A. Music Performance (Voice), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 1999…………………………………M.M. Vocal Performance, The University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music, Cincinnati, Ohio. 2000-2002...…………………………Graduate Teaching Associate, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Music Studies in Applied Voice: J. Robin Rice, D.M.A. (September 1999 - December 2002) Studies in Opera: Noel Koran, D.M.A. (September 1999 – June 2002) Studies in Vocal Pedagogy: Karen Peeler, D.M.A. (September 1999 – December 1999) Studies in Stroboscopy and Voice Disorders: Michael Trudeau, Ph.D., CCC-SLP (January 2000 – November 2002) Studies in Microlaryngeal Surgery: L. Arick Forrest, M.D. (June 2000 – November 2002) iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS............................................................................................................................. iii VITA ..............................................................................................................................................................iv TABLE of contents .........................................................................................................................................v TABLE OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................ viii Chapter 1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................1 Chapter 2 The singer as an athlete...................................................................................................................2 2.1 The many functions of the larynx .....................................................................................................2 2.2 Buff with lungs of steel.....................................................................................................................2 2.3 Rest ...................................................................................................................................................3 2.4 Nutrition............................................................................................................................................3 2.5 Foods to avoid and why ....................................................................................................................3 2.6 Foods to avoid two hours prior to performance and why..................................................................4 2.7 Body movement................................................................................................................................5 2.8 Vocal maintenance............................................................................................................................5 2.9 Vocalizing.........................................................................................................................................7 2.10 Mouth breathing vs. nose breathing .............................................................................................7 2.11 Vocal hazards...............................................................................................................................7 2.12 Vocal myths ...............................................................................................................................13 Chapter 3 Troubleshooting............................................................................................................................15 Chapter 4 Indirect culprits.............................................................................................................................16 4.1 Allergies..........................................................................................................................................16 4.2 Dehydration.....................................................................................................................................16 4.3 PMS ................................................................................................................................................16 4.4 Obesity............................................................................................................................................17 4.5 Pregnancy........................................................................................................................................17 4.6 Menopause ......................................................................................................................................18 4.7 Reflux and / or Heartburn/ GERD / Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR)...........................................18 4.8 Obstructive sleep apnea ..................................................................................................................19 Chapter 5 What purpose does the ent clinic serve, and how will it serve you?.............................................20 5.1 The ENT clinic................................................................................................................................20 v 5.2 The voice specialists .......................................................................................................................20 5.3 Working as a team to diagnose .......................................................................................................21 Chapter 6 A vocalist’s guide to finding the right ent.....................................................................................22 6.1 Why go?..........................................................................................................................................22 6.2 Whom to ask? .................................................................................................................................22 6.3 What to ask?....................................................................................................................................23 Chapter 7 The first visit and procedure .........................................................................................................24 7.1 How long will it take?.....................................................................................................................24 7.2 What they need to know about you and why ..................................................................................24 7.3 Instruments used in the office .........................................................................................................29
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