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2002 Alumni Newsletter

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2002 Alumni Newsletter Newsletter of the Department of Physics, University of Arkansas REFLECTIONS Volume X, Number 1 Summer 2002 UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS RECEIVES THE URSA WEB THE LARGEST GIFT TELESCOPE PROJECT IN HISTORY OF U.S. PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION Undergraduate Research Studies in Astronomy, or URSA, is a project funded by the National Science The University of Arkansas received a $300 Arkansas to realize its vision as a nationally Foundation, with matching support from the million commitment from the Walton Family competitive, student-centered research university University. The goal of the project is to enable all Charitable Support Foundation to establish and serving Arkansas and the world,” White added. undergraduate astronomy students to participate in endow an undergraduate honors college and The Walton Family Charitable Support research projects during each astronomy class they endow the graduate school. The gift is the largest Foundation was founded to support specific take. The hope is that this will foster an inventive ever made to a U.S. public university. The gift charities in the state of Arkansas by the family of research spirit in our students and lead to also ranks as the fifth largest ever made to an the late Sam M. Walton, who created Wal-Mart improved learning and satisfaction. Students are American university, whether public or private, Stores, Inc., now the world’s largest corporation. introduced to different kinds of astronomical according to The Chronicle of Higher Education. The Walton Family Charitable Support objects in the classroom, and are encouraged to “This unprecedented generosity from the Foundation also made a $50 million gift in 1998 learn more about them by making their own Walton Family will transform the University of to what was later renamed the Sam M. Walton observations. When students go to a web site Arkansas for our students and faculty, and in the College of Business at the University of Arkansas. (ursa.uark.edu) and request their observations, the process position us to serve as a powerful engine Rob Walton, chairman of the board of Wal- telescope automatically makes the requested of economic development and cultural change for Mart Stores, Inc., and co-chair of the University’s observations, then notifies the students by e-mail the entire state,” said University of Arkansas Campaign for the Twenty-First Century, said, that their data are available. The enabling Chancellor John A. White. “What the Walton “The investment we are making demonstrates our hardware is an automatic web-based observing Family has done will improve life in Arkansas for confidence in the University of Arkansas and its system on top of Kimpel Hall on campus (see generations to come, and we are grateful beyond potential for leadership in the global academic picture). On a winter night, this system can obtain words.” community. It is also an expression of our more than 500 images of the sky, each 30 x 20 arc “This gift will allow the University of See GIFT on page 3 See PROJECT on page 3 NOBEL PHYSICIST STEVEN CHU DELIVERS THE 2002 MAURER LECTURE Nobel Laureate Steven Chu delivered the polymer science. for Spectroscopy by the American Physical 2002 Robert D. Maurer Lecture “Laser Cooling Professor Chu also offered a physics Society, in 1987, was named the co-winner of the and Trapping: From Atomic clocks to Watching colloquium on March 29 on “Biology at the Single King Faisal International Prize for Science in Biomolecules One at a Time” in Spring this year. Molecule Level.” He said that the ability to look 1993, and won the Arthur Schawlow Prize for This year’s lecture was sponsored by the Physics at individual molecules has given researchers new Laser Science in 1994. In 1997, he was a co- Department, Fulbright College and the Arkansas insights into biological processes. For example, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics. He is also Space Grant Consortium. his studies of polymers using Deoxy-ribo Nucleic the recipient of the Humboldt Senior Scientist Professor Chu discussed how atoms can be Acid (DNA) have fundamentally altered current Award and a Guggenheim Fellowship. He is a cooled with lasers to temperatures of 200 thinking of polymer dynamics by showing that member of the National Academy of Sciences and billionths of a degree above absolute zero. These identical molecules placed under identical the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. atoms can then be trapped and manipulated with conditions take several distinct paths to a new light. This technology has permitted the equilibrium state. UA Receives Gift...............................1 construction of ultra-precise atomic clocks, atom Steven Chu is the Theodore and Frances URSA Project.....................................1 interferometers, and the achievement of “Bose Geballe Professor of Physics and Applied Physics Maurer Lecturer 2002........................1 condensate” – a new state of matter. Prof. Chu at Stanford University. He received his Ph.D. in Faculty profiles: said that the optical trap is also used to trap 1976 from the University of California at Dr. Jiali Li......................................2 microscopic particles in water. These so-called Berkeley. After two years as a postdoctoral fellow Dr. Huaxiang Fu ............................2 “optical tweezers” are widely used in biology. at Berkeley, he joined the technical staff at AT&T KIDS Program ...................................3 Chu described the methods that his group has Bell Laboratories in 1978, where he served as New Graduate Students .....................4 developed to simultaneously visualize and Head of the Quantum Electronics Department Undergraduate News..........................4 manipulate single bio-molecules. He and other from 1983 to 1987. In 1987, he joined Stanford From the Chair...................................5 scientists have used these techniques to study the University. Graduate News...................................6 behavior of individual bio-molecules and bio- Professor Chu’s research is primarily in Alumni News.....................................6 molecular systems in real time. His research group atomic physics, quantum electronics, and Faculty News/Awards........................7 Thank You..........................................8 has used this technique to study single DNA biophysics. He has published over 130 scientific IN THIS ISSUE... Scholarship Funds...........................8 molecules to address a number of problems in papers. Chu was awarded the Herbert Broida Prize Physics of Bio/Nanostructures: Dr. Jiali Li Jiali Li grew up in a suburb of JiaMuSi in last three years has been to fabricate 1-5 nm pores northeast China where she attended a local in silicon nitride membranes and detect DNA primary school. Her father wanted her to molecules. She played a major role in the become a music teacher, so she spent most of development of a feedback controlled ion beam her after-school hours taking music and dance sculpting system and made several discoveries on lessons. During her middle school years how to control nanopore dimensions. She is one of mathematics and physics became her favorite the major contributors of 3 pending patents and a subjects and she decided to become a scientist. Nature paper related to these discoveries. These In 1978 she passed the qualifying examination new techniques have revolutionary implications and entered the No.1 high school of JiaMuSi. for molecular and atomic scale evaluation of After finishing high school in 1981, she entered biopolymers. She says “my postdoctoral research HeiLongJiang University as a physics major. at Harvard has enhanced my experience in ultra She intended to be a theoretical physicist and high vacuum systems, and has trained me in the during the last year of her college she took a fields of nanotechnology and single DNA whole year of theoretical physics but decided to molecule detection.” study “something more practical.” Her wish Her current research interests are in the areas was granted in 1985 when she was admitted to of nanoscale materials science, optical be a graduate student in solid-state physics at spectroscopy, and their applications in biological the University of Science and Technology of systems. She is particularly excited about the China. She received her Master of Science her research once more. Eight years later in application of solid-state nanopores as single degree in 1988 and advanced to the Ph.D. 1999, she graduated with a Ph.D. in a rapidly molecule detectors and development of artificial program. During her graduate study there, she emerging field of biophysics, studying electron membranes and biosolar systems. designed and built two vacuum systems to and energy transfer kinetics in photosynthetic She will be joining the physics department as make and test combustible and poison gas reaction centers using lasers under the assistant professor of physics in fall 2002. sensors. She also acquired extensive hands-on supervision of Prof. M. Gunner. Professor Li brings a unique capability to our training on structure and composition analysis The training of vacuum technology in program in nano/biophysics area that will also of solid-state materials. In the beginning of China, laser optics and biotechniques in the US help us build bridges across disciplines to biology 1991, the last year of her Ph.D. research, she helped her to get a postdoctoral research and chemistry. left China to become a graduate student at City position in Profs. Golovchenko and Branton’s Professor Li’s favorite
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