Thursday, April 29Th, 1869

April 29.] SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES. 313 John Bruce, Esq. : Frederic William Burton, Esq. . William Chappell, Esq. 1 Eev. William George Clark, M.A. Edward Foss, Esq. ; Evelyn Philip Shirley, Esq. M.A. George Edmund Street, Esq. A.E.A. Very Eev. A. P. Stanley, D.D. Dean of Westminster. C. Knight Watson, Esq. M.A. Secretary. ' x The thanks of the Society were then voted to the Scrutators for their trouble in examining the Balloting Lists.

Thursday, April 29th, 1869. AUGUSTUS W. FEANKS, Esq., V.P., in the Chair. • The following Presents were announced, and Thanks ordered to be returned to the Donors :—

From J. W. K. Eyton, Esq., F.S.A. :— ' 1. Records of the Priory of the Isle of May. Edited by John Stuart, LL.D. 4to. Edinburgh, 1868. (Printed for the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.) 2. Hesperides ; the Poems and other Remains of Robert Herrick,' now first collected. Edited by W. Carew Hazlitt. 2 vols. 8vo. London, 1869. 3. Occasional Fac-simile Reprints executed under the direction of Mr. E. W . Ashbee. VI. "The Prophesie of Mother Shipton." From the original Tract printed at London in 1641. 4to. London, 1869. 4. The Book-Worm. No. 3. New Series. March. 8vo. London, 1869. 5. Early Dutch, German, and English Printers' Marks. By J. Ph. Berjeau. Parts 4, 5, and 6. 8vo. London, 1869. From the Editor, Stuart A. Mopre :—Domesday Book. The portion relating to • Northamptonshire. Folio. Northampton and London, 1863. From the Right Hon. the Master of the Rolls, through John Bruce, Esq., F.S.A.:— Index to the Printed Reports of Sir Francis Palgrave, K.H. the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records, 1840-1861. Folio, London, 1865. From A.W. Franks, Esq., M.A.,V.P.S.A.:—Annual List of Donations and Bequests to the Trustees of the British Museum, 1828-29. 2 vols. 4to. London, 1830- 31. The nomination by the President of William Tite, Esq. M.P. to be a Vice-President was read.

C. D. E. FORTNUM, Esq. F.S.A., exhibited a collection of Sling-Bullets of lead, accompanied by .the following remarks:— " On the 14th May, 1863,1 had the honour of exhibiting to the

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. INSEAD, on 16 Oct 2018 at 22:25:06, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950797300007587 314 PROCEEDINGS OF THE [1869, Society some sling-bullets from my collection, some of which were deemed of sufficient interest, from the inscriptions upon them, to be engraved and published by the Society.* " These sling-bullets or glandes, as is well known, are found on various sites of battles and sieges in ancient days, and occasionally occur in considerable numbers, but generally without any mark or inscription. " Inscribed examples are much more uncommon, those bearing Greek characters being more abundantly found than those with Latin. These inscriptions are frequently of a jocose and sometimes of a not over delicate nature. Others again, and of which I exhibit some examples this evening, are marked with the num- ber of the legion, or the name of the commander. " They are mostly from Kome and Perugia, where I procured them, with the exception of two, which I obtained at Sidon; these are marked only with the thunderbolt in relief, and are found somewhat abundantly in the neighbourhood of that ancient Phoenician city ; all that I saw were of the same type, nor could I hear of any having been found with inscriptions. The following is a list of those now exhibited :— " No. 1. Of lengthened form, and without inscription, but having a lozenge-shaped hollow on one side, which appears to have been purposely formed to insert some object, perhaps to convey a message. Weight 984 grains. " No. 2. Small and shorter in form, but with no legible indica- tions of inscription, and marked with many dents. Weight 488 grains. " No. 3. Elongated form, with the letters L — V. The interval between the letters has been somewhat bruised, by which another letter may have been obliterated. Weight 885 grains. " No. 4. Of elongated form. Some letters near each end, but mostly effaced and difficult to read. S T P — X G I. Weight 991 grains. " No. 5. Elongated form. L — XV. Weight 700 grains. " The preceding five bullets are all from Perugia. " No. 6. Almond-shaped, and with the thunderbolt on one side, from Sidon. Weight 596 grains. " No. 7. Also from Sidon, and of similar character, but heavier, its weight being 700 grains. " No. 8. Having the four sides flat, in form elongate andjqua- drilateral, on two of which sides are the letters L — XII. Weight 820 grains. " No. 9. Large and unusually heavy, diamond-shaped, a form rarely met with. L — XV. Weight 1422 grains. * See Proceedings, 2 S., ii. 269, 266. See also a paper by Mr. S. Cuming on the History of the Sling, in Journ. Arch. Ass,, xx. 73, and Remarks on Sling-bullets, by the late Mr. Hawkins, in Proceedings, i. ] 57. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. INSEAD, on 16 Oct 2018 at 22:25:06, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950797300007587 April 29.] SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES. 315

" No. 10. Somewhat smaller, but of the same form and character. L — XV. Weight 1350 grains. "No. 11. Of elongated round form, having on one side the thunderbolt, and on the other the inscription RVPVS . IMP. Weight 820 grains.

"Among many other inscribed glandes noticed by Dr. Mommsen, in the first vol. of the Berlin ' Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum1 (pp. 189—194), are three found at Perugia, and forming a series into which the bullet here engraved may fitly enter. The first of these (No. 689) is inscribed Q. SAL. IM on one side, and on the other bears the thunderbolt. This is confidently referred by Mommsen and others to Q. Salvidienus Eufus. Salvius, whom C. J. Caesar recalled to the siege of Perugia on the eve of his departure with six legions for Spain, on which occasion he would appear to have been saluted Imperator. He was slain A. U. C. 714. " The second glans (No. 690) was found near Perugia towards the end of the eighteenth century, and belonged to Antonio Terrenzi, in whose possession it was when noticed by Vermiglioli, Iscrizioni Perugini—but it is now lost. The inscription which this bullet bore was almost identical with the lettering of that now exhibited, the only difference being that a single letter indicating the pranomen is said to have preceded the name Eufus. Some doubt exists as to what this letter really was, as Vermiglioli in his first edition makes it a P, in his second a C* Mommsen seems to think both readings wrong, and that the letter should be Q to correspond with No. 689. Prince Borghese, assuming the P to be right, has learnedly endeavoured to connect the bullet with P. Sulpicius Rufus, one of the judices in the trial of Verres, A. U. C. 684, and who, after serving under Csesar in Gaul and elsewhere, was called Imperator in 709, when pro- consul of Macedonia.

* It may be worth noticing that Mommsen is mistaken in saying that in the second edition Vermiglioli has printed the inscription as if in two lines instead of one. DownloadedThis is no fromt so.—C https://www.cambridge.org/core. S. P. . INSEAD, on 16 Oct 2018 at 22:25:06, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950797300007587 316 PROCEEDINGS OF THE [1869,

••• '• It is unfortunate that the present specimen, whether it be of a slightly different type, or merely defective in the casting, does not clear up the doubt as to the prcenomen, or consequently, as to .the attribution of the bullet. Mommsen's third glans, (691) reads— EVF—NA. VIIA He doubts the accuracy of the reading, and thinks that RVTVS— IMP ought to be decyphered here also. " No. 12. Of similar form, having the thunderbolt and the inscription CAESA. Weight 800 grains. " These last five specimens were obtained in Rome. "As an interesting example of the continuous use of a form of weapon, or missile, from remote ages to the present time, I take the opportunity of showing, by way of comparison, a stone sling- bullet used at the present day by the natives of New Caledonia; it is of precisely similar elongated ovoid form to those of Greek and Roman make, but worked of stone instead of lead casting; it was presented to me by my friend Mr. Franks. Weight 500 grains." Mr, Fortnum also exhibited a Roman Lamp of bronze in the form of a fish.

SIR FREDERICK GRAHAM, Bart, exhibited, by the hands of A. W. Franks, Esq. V. P. a quadrangular Brass Plate (see woodcut), lately found in Arthuret Church, Cumberland, of which the'latter gives the following account:— " The brass exhibited by Sir Frederick Graham is a new variety to me in such monuments. It represents two hands holding a heart which rests on a cross fleury. A heart was not an unusual device in the middle ages, and is considered to refer to the soul. Mr. Haines has collected together in his manual (p. cvij.) all that is to be found on the subject, as far as monumental brasses are concerned, and Miss Hartshorne has published a monograph of the whole subject, under the title ' Enshrined Hearts.' ' Mr: Haines states that the hearts held by hands, issuing from clouds, are to be found at Loddon, Norfolk, 1462,; Elmstead, Essex, c. 1530; Caversfield, Bucks, 1533; and Southacre, Norfolk, c. 1450, where the heart, now mutilated, bore the text from Psalm xxi. 5—' In manus tuas domine commendo spiritum meum, quia redemisti me domine deus veritatis.' Such memorials have been stated to indicate that the deceased was enabled to perform a vow which he had made, but they have more probably different meanings according to the inscriptions that accompany them, and are intended to indicate a trust, in the presence of God. (Haines, p. cviii.) Occasionally the heart seems to have been

placed over the tomb in which the heart only was buried, as at Wiggenhall St. Mary, Norfolk, and at Saltwood, Kent, but in these cases it is not held up in the hands of the deceased.

" The probable date of this memorial is the fifteenth century. It was found in the church at Arthuret, under a heap of bones, and has probably been torn off some ancient tomb in Puritan times. " As monumental brasses are, at present, to be found only in four Cumbrian churches, this relic is of interest."

H. C. COOTE, Esq. F.S.A. communicated a paper on the use of the Scallop-Shell by the ancients as a symbol of initiation into the Eleusinian mysteries. It is intended to print this communi- cation in the Archteologia.

EDWARD PEACOCK, Esq. F.S.A., Local Secretary for Lin- colnshire, in a letter addressed to the Director, communicated the following account of disputes among certain justices of the peace in Lincolnshire in the reign of King Henry VIII. •

" I do not know whether the Fellows of the Society of Anti- quaries will consider the following papers, containing some particulars relating to a riot which occurred at the sessions held at Caistor, in Lincolnshire, on the 27th of September, 1533, of sufficient general interest to be worthy of their notice. To me it seems that they are not without importance, as they put clearly before us the strange licence of speech and action, in which men of high social position, even when engaged in the transaction of grave official business, too frequently permitted themselves to indulge. " These documents have, I believe, remained unnoticed up to the present time. The late Lord Monson communicated to the Archaeological Institute in 1848 a very valuable paper on the Feuds of Old Lincolnshire Families.* That accomplished antiquary seems to have been entirely unacquainted with the Caistor riot. Had he known of it, it is very unlikely that a transaction so exactly fitted to illustrate the subject on which he was engaged should have been passed by, especially as it would have had an additional interest from the fact that a direct ancestor of his lordship was one of the persons concerned. " In the reign of Henry VIII. the justices of peace for counties were, as far as I have been able to ascertain, chosen entirely from among the higher gentry. It certainly was so in Lincolnshire. All those whose names appear in the commission of the peace of that period for this county were members of the higher untitled houses—nobles, if I may be permitted to employ that word in its old but now foreign sense. A use which, however little understood at present, was its current one in the days of Coke,f Legh,J Whitelock,§ and Heylin.|| " Although direct evidence may be wanting, there cannot, I conceive, be any doubt that this shameful breach of the peace by its sworn guardians was the result of a family quarrel. It-will be seen from the following notes that many of the actors were nearly connected in blood or by marriage. If it were needful, evidence could be produced that they all were so, with one or perhaps at the most two exceptions. The documents referred to by Lord Monson prove beyond doubt that during the whole of the Tudor period the Lincolnshire gentry were in a state of turbulent bickering, which at times blazed forth into something not much different from a petty civil war. A gallows at Melton Ross, near Ulceby, still remains a memorial of a feud between the Tyrwhitts of Kettilby and the Lords. Eoos. This was a

* Mem. illustrative of Hist, ani Antiq. of Lincolnshire, p. 65. f Institutes, ii. p. 067. j Accedence of Armorie, 17. § Memorials, ed. 1732, p. 66. || Eecl. Rcstaurata, ed. 1849, i. p. 63.

most ancient and long-lived quarrel. It arose in 1411, between Robert Tyrwhitt of Kettilby, ' un des Justices de Bank le Roy,' and ' William de Roos de Hamelak, chivaler.' * The first cause of affront was that John Rate, steward of Lord Roos's manor of Melton, had, for and in behalf of his lord, committed certain trespasses on the turbary of Robert Tyrwhitt, in the parish of Wrawby, by felling trees, cutting down underwood, and carrying away turves. The case was left to the award of the Lord Chief Justice, Sir William Gascoigne. A day was appointed for a meeting at Wrawby, when the titles and evidences of the parties were to be produced. Lord de Roos came to the place of meeting attended by his ' cousyns,' Henry Lord Beaumont, and Thomas Lord de la Warr; but Tyrwhitt, ' nonobstant q'il feust Justicier d' Assizes & de le Pees garder en le dit Counte de Nicole, ne nient considerant l'estat de dit William de Roos, q'il feust un des Justices de Pees a garder en mesme le Countee, mais ymaginant, pur defuer l'ordenance et agarde de dit William Gascoyne, par ymagination & malice devaunt purpense fist lever & assembler a lieux .& jour suis ditz graund nombre des gentz, entour le nombre de cynq, centz, armez & arraiez a faire de guerre, encontre vostre pees, et in contempt de Vous, tres redoute Seigneur, encontre l'Estatutz en cell case ordeignez & purveuz, a graund affray de tout le pays environ ; et les fist giser illeoques en diverses partes en embusshementz, en manere de guerre." f In the end Sir Robert Tyrwhitt was compelled to confess that he had done wrong, and to submit to the award of Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury, and Richard de Grey, seventh Lord Grey of Codnor. The words of his confession, dictated to him by the Archbishop and Lord Grey, are characteristic of the times; as they bear on the duties of justices it may be well to reproduce them : ' My lord the Roos, I knowe wele, that ye been of such birth, estate, and myghte, that if you had lyked ye myght have comyn to the foresaid Loveday in such array that I schoold have been of no myght to have mad no party ; but 3et it liked you to come in aisy wyse, havyng consideration to youre degree. And of all that by sinistre information, I having doute of harme of my body, in myn entent for salvation of myself dyd assemble thise persones that here been, and other moo, nought for to doo harme ne offence to yowe, My Lord the Roos; and that I will here excuse me as yhe will devyse. Zet, for as myche I am a Justice, that more than an other comun man schoulde have had me more discretly and peesfully, I knowe well that I have failled

* William de Roos of Hamlake, eighth baron by writ, sueoeded his brother John, who died at Paphos, in the Isle of Cyprus, 1393. He was twenty-four years of ago in 1393. Died 1419. Courthope's Nicolas' Hist. Peerage, sub tit, f Petition of Lord de Roos in RohUi Parliamentorum, iii. 649.

and offende yow', My Lord the Roos, whereof I beseke yow of grace and mercy, and offre you v° mark to ben paied at youre 'will.'* . . • " This humble confession was probably mere lip-service. Bitter rancour .continued to exist between the families for nearly two centuries afterwards. It is stated that in the reign of James I. the old feud between Roos (now become Manners Earls of Rut- land) and Tyrwhitt broke out again into something very like open warfare. It appears that a skirmish was fought at Melton Roos in which several persons .lost their lives. The tradi- tionary account is that James I. ordered a gallows to be erected at Melton on the Roos property commanding that it should be kept up for ever by the owners of the estate, and declaring that all persons who offended in a like sort should be held to be murderers and hanged thereon.f. That tradition may have exaggerated and distorted the circumstances is highly probable; but the gallows, which has existed there time out of mind, and which has given its name to the Gallows Close and Gallows Cover, is evidence that the old legend had some foundation. " The above is only one instance out of many that might be given of the turbulence of the Lincolnshire gentry in former days. Their manners do not seem to have been much amended until the out- break of the great civil war afforded a wider and more dangerous field for the display of party passions. It would not be difficult for those who have the necessary local knowledge to show that the conduct of the heads of several of our more powerful families during that sad conflict.was influenced far more by local feeling than by loyalty or patriotism. "' The following transcripts were made by me from the originals among the Star Chamber Proceedings in Her Majesty's Public Record Office. The decrees of the court for the reign of Henry VIII. are believed to be lost. I have not been able elsewhere to recover any memoranda as to the result of the proceedings. "The earlier document is a certificate signed by Sir William Ayscough of Stallingborough, knight, and George.Saint Paul of Snarford, Esq. giving a narrative of a riot at Caistor sessions, arising out of a quarrel as to a seat on the bench between William Tyrwhitt of.Scotter, and John Copledike of Harrington, Esquires, both of whom were justices of peace. . During the fray the box or bag containing the records of the court was upset, daggers were drawn, and grotesquely violent language used. From the second document it seems that at a subsequent sessions held on the 15th of July, no doubt in the following year, though the date is not given, legal proceedings had been taken against some of the persons concerned in this riot, and that for the purpose of * Petition of Lord de Roos in Rotuli Parliamcntorum, iii. p. 650. •)• Notices of the Tyrwhitt family, ed. 1862, p. 11. Gentleman's Mag. 1799, i. 377. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. INSEAD, on 16 Oct 2018 at 22:25:06, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950797300007587 April 29.] SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES. 321

preventing the law having its course William Tyrwhitt, accompanied by thirty '•' riottous persons," attended the sessions, and when Sir William Ayscough was charging the grand jury interrupted him with foul oaths, and that when the jurors, in the discharge of their duty, had found a true bill against the rioters^ he took the document off the file and put it in his purse. When Sir William Ayscough remonstrated with him upon this dis- raceful breach of law and good manners, Tyrwhitt ' sodenly Srew his dagar' and would have stabbed Sir William as he sat on the bench had not the latter caught his arm when he was in the act of striking. " My thanks are due to Arthur Larken, Esq. and John Ross. Esq. for great assistance in the compilation of the notes."

[Star Chamber Proceedings, Hen. VIII. vol. ii. AR—AY, p. 297.] The certyfycat of Sir William Ascought,1 knyght, and George Sayntpoll,2 Justyces of peas in the partes of Lyndesey, in the Countie of lincoln. Con- cernyng A certen Ryote & mvsdemener down before them and dyvers other of ther felaws in the open 'Sessyons holden at Caster, in the partes and Cnuntie afforesaid the xvijth day of September, in the xxv' yere of the reigne of our Sofferand lord the kyng that now ys That whereas .Sir Wil- liam Asooughe, knyght, John Copuldyke,3 vyncent Graunthain,4 Thomas mugne,5 George Sayntpoll, and John Both,6 esquyers, ther settyng at the Sessyons takyng the wardythe of such enquist as was then and ther charged affore them, one William Tvrwhytt,7 esquyr, beyng on of the Justyces of peas in the seid partes, came.into the .seid sessions with liys suerde aboute hym and a glove of male, and all hys seruands with swords and buckelers and schort daghers, coin to the seid John Cciplydyk, syttyng of tlie byncli, and with a hye and a dysdanus countynans, said to the seid Copyldyke, yt be commes the well to sytt in my Raume. The seid Copyldyk awnswered, I know nott yowr rowme; thys is my vowme nowe; and the said William Tyrwhytt saed, nay, yt ys my rowmc, and I wyll haue ytt mawgry of thy hede. Yey, quod tlie seid John Copyldyke, and yf ye take ytt soo ye gytt ytt nott. The seid William Tyrrwhytt awnswered by godes body and my father war away I wold liaue ytt or I wold mak the ete a dager, and with that Sir Cristofor Ascoughf, knyght, rose of the bynch and said to the saed William Tyrwhytt, ye shall nott stryve for a rowme, take yow my rowme, and with tliat the seid William Tyrwhytt satt hym down in Sir Cristophor Ascought place, and the seid Sir Cristophor satt betwex the seid John Copuldyke and the seid William Tyrwhytt, and the seid Sir William Ascought re- moved hym selfe hyer vppe to Sir Robert Tyrwhytt,8 to gyff more rowme fur the seid William Tyrwhytt, and then the seid William Tyr- whytt saed to John Copyldyke, now I haue my place in the spyte of thy Tethe.' Mary, saed John Copyldyke, goode you with ytt. How be ytt I wyllgyfi yowr ffalher rowme but I will gyff yow none. And then Sir Robert Tyrwhytt awnswered to the seid John Copyl[dyke] the dewyllys Torde in thy thethe, better men than thow arte wyll gyff me rowme. And with that he turned to the seid John Copyldyke and said tho[u art] a fooll and a dawe, and the seid John Copyldyke awnswered dawe of thy hede, and with that both the seid Sir Robert Tyrwhytt and the seid Will .... and the seid John Copyldike laed ther bandes upon ther daghers and the seid Sir Robert and William Tyrwhytt had ther daghers drawen in ther hnndes ha ...... of the schethe. And. with that all the VOL. IV. T " Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. INSEAD, on 16 Oct 2018 at 22:25:06, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950797300007587 322 . PROCEEDINGS OF THE [1869,

servaundes pressed to the bench with ther daggers in ther handes with such force and vyelens that they cast down the b the kyngs Records to the ground, insomuch that by a good space after the Clarke of the peas and the vnder scheriff' coude nott fynde the seid recordes, 'and tow of the seid servaundes called Thomas Bower9 and Rychard Belling- yam10 held ther daggers drawne in ther handes Redy to stryke att the seid John Copyldyk. And two of the servaundes of the said Sir William Ascought dyd gytt them by ther armes and held them. And then the seid Sir William Ascought rose and charged all them to peas in the kynges name, and went betwex John Copyldyk and the seid William Tyrwhytt, and then Sir Robert Tyrwhytt, seyng the seid Sir William doo soo, then in lykewise scharged them to peas, and so betwen them all seru.ing men wher Comaunded to a voide the Barr, and soo by good polycy and dylygense of the seid Sir Wil- liam Ascought and other Justyces of the peas tber and at that tyme boyng present, the matter and waryans was pasefyed with out ony forther besynes or hurte down, whyche was grete marvell. And yett that nott withstondyng after the seid matter beyng soo pesefyed the said William Tyrwhytt, at that tyme beyng in the Strete, nott beyng content nor satysfyed in his mynd, dyd com vp in to the hall agane, and on Thomas Demoke " with hym, and the said Thomas Demoke dyd com to the said William Ascought and desyred hyrn to intreatt the seid JohnCopyldyke to gyff the seid William Tyrwhytfc his rowm or els surely he was determyned to make a new fray, and in eschewyng of the same, at the speciall request and intreaty of the said Sir William Ascoughe, hee dyd remove and gyff the seid William Tyrwhytt rowme by force, whereof the seid matter was fully pasyfyed for that tyme, &c. WILLIAM AYSCOUGH. GEORGE SAYNT[POLL.]

'. [Star Chamber Proceedings, Hen. VIII. vol. ii. AR—AY, p. 103.] Articles of instructions to the Kinge our Soveraigne lorde and his most honorable Councell of diverse haynous and riottous demeanours of William Trewhit, esquyer, done in the kinges Sessions openly holden the xv. day of July last past, at Castor in the Countie of lyncolne. First the seid William Trewhit entending to breke and violatt the kinges peax, assembled vnto hym xxx. riottous persons which he brought vnto the seid sessions, and never before that tyme he vsed to bryng with hym to any sessions above the nombre of ij. or iij. persons. Item: where as Sir William Askue, knyght, one of the kinges Justices of his peax within the seid Countie, sitting'in the seid open Sessions, wold have gyven informacon to the graunde Inquest then beyng sworne to inquyre for the behalfe of the kynge our soveraigne lorde, the seid William Trewhyt, William Monson,12 James Myssenden,13 and other evil-disposed riottous persons, riottously rose vpp all to gidir at the seid sessions and sware by the blode of god that the seid Sir William askue shulde rede no bill ther, and then and ther openly in the seid Sessions gave many evill and obprobryous wordes vnto the seid Sir William Askue. Item: wher ther was a bill of ryott found in the seid sessions by the seid graunde enquest against certeyn ryottous persons, which bill beyng fyled and'mater of recorde, and put amon'ges the kynges recordes of the seid Sessions remaynyng in the custode and kepingof the Clerk of the peax of the seid Countie, the seid William Trewhitt toke the seid billesof indyte- ment of the seid fyle against the will and myndc of the seid clerke of the peax, and put'the seid bill in his purse, which bill of inditement he yet kepith contrary the kinges Iawe3 and his peax; Item: the seid Sir William Askue, seyng the mysdemeanor of the seid Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. INSEAD, on 16 Oct 2018 at 22:25:06, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950797300007587 April 29.] SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES. 323

William Trewhit, was sory to see him vsehymselffe soriottously and lightly in the seid open Sessions, sayed vnto the seid William Trewhit that he handelled not hymselffe well or discretely in that place. Wherapon the seid William Trewhit forthwith, in a great angre and furye, sodenly drew his dagar at the seid Sir William Askewe, and wold have stryken him ther sitting apon the bynche in the seid Sessions, had not the seid Sir William Askue cawght him by the arme, and so did lett hym. Which haynous acte ther so done, in the seid open Sessions, by the seid William Trewhit, had likely to have caused great murder to be done ther, if the seid Sir William askue had not sobrely handelled hymself and pacyfied many other of the kinges subgiettes ther beyng present.

1 Sir William Ayscough of Stallingborough, knight, son and heir of Sir William of that place, by his wife Mary, daughter of Sir Robert Hildyard, of Winestead, co. York, knight. He married, first, Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Wrothesley of Stafford, by whom he had issue Sir Francis Ayseough, who continued the direct line; Edward, settled at Keleby, ancestor to the Ayscoughs of Nun Cotham and Fulstowe; and a daughter Jane, who married George St. Paul of Snarford (see note 2). He is said to have had by this wife another daughter, Anne, who married a member of the old Lincolnshire family of Kyme. This lady was burnt for heresy at Smithfleld^ in 1546. (Bale's Examination of Anne Askewe, ed. 1849, p. 141.) His will, which was proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 28 May, 1541, makes no mention of Anne. As however she was most probably provided for on her marriage, this evidence is by no means conclusive against the truth of Bale's statement. By his second wife, Elizabeth, daughter and coheir of John Hutton of Prudhoe in the bishopric of Durham and Baseford and Nuthall, co. Nottingham, widow of Sir William Hansard of South Kelsey knight, he had two sons, Christopher and Thomas. The latter seems to have died young, the former is mentioned in his father's will. He provided that he should be buried "in our Ladye Quere within the parish Church of Saint Peter, before the ymmage of our Ladye in Stallingburghe."—Lincolnsh. Heralds' Visit. 1562. MS., Queen's Coll. Oxford, F. 22, foil. 49-52. Rep. of Line. Arch. Soc. 1862. 117-134. Wills in Cur. Prazrog. Cant. 2 George St. Paul of Snarford was the third son of John St. Paul of the same by his wife Helen, daughter of Richard Thimbleby of Polham. He was born in 1499, and became heir to his elder brothers John and Matthew on the death of the latter in 1556. He was Counsel for the City of Lincoln 10 June, 1542 ; Recorder 7 Sept. of that year. He served\s one of the burgesses in Parliament for that city from 1542 to 1557. He married Jane daughter of Sir William Ayscough (see note 1) and had issue by her two sons. John^the elder, married Elizabeth daughter of Sir Richard Thim- bleby, knight, who died without issue male, when the estate passed to his second son, Thomas, who married Faith, daughter of Vincent Grantham of Lincoln (see note 4), by whom he was father to Sir George, the last of the family. George St. Paul's will is dated Dec. 30, 1558. He describes himself as of North Carlton, but desires to be buried in the church of Snarford if ha dies in the county of Lincoln. He gives certain lands in Legsby to trustees, for the term of twenty years, that mass may be said three days in the week at least in the chantry of the family at Snarford, " where the bodies of my father and mother lyeth buried," for his own soul and that of his father, mother, wife, and other relatives, adding the curious clause, that " if at any time this bequest is made voyd by Act of Parliament, I will my son John take the 81i. and find a priest at his benevolence." The will was proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 22 Feb. 1558-59, by Jane his relict and Thomas Sayntpoll, his executors. There is no monument to George St. Paul at Snarford. His widow married Richard Disney of Norton Disney, in the church of which place there is a brass to her second husband, but no record of the date of her death.—Heralds' Visit. 1562, fol. 28; Allen's Zinc. i. 134 ; Hunter's South York*, ii. 462. Wills C. P. C. 3 John Copledike of Harrington, afterwards knighted, eldest son of William Cople- dike of that place by Margaret daughter of Hamon Sutton of Burton, Commissioner of Subsidy for Lindesey 1523 ; Commissoner for compiling the Valor Ecclesiasticus, 1535; High Sheriff of the county, 1548; married Elizabeth daughter of Richard Y 2 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. INSEAD, on 16 Oct 2018 at 22:25:06, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950797300007587 324 •PROCEEDINGS OF THE [1869,

Littlebury of.Stainsby; who-died 12 May, 1552, and is buried at Harrington. By this lady he had issue John his son and heir, who was 31 years of age at his father's death. He married Anne daughter of John Etton, but died sine prole. Francis the second son married Elizabeth d .ughter of Lionel Reresby of Thribergh, co. York; he also died without issue, and was succeeded by his nephew Thomas son of Thomas the fourth sou of Sir John. Sir John died 12 Dec. 1557. Heralds' Visit, fol. 14; Hist. Lincoln. 1816, p. 209; Brewer, Gal. Let. and Pap. vol. iii. pt. ii. p. 1365. * Vincent Grantham of St. Katherine's next Lincoln, eldest son of Edward Grant- 'ham of Lincoln by Elizabeth daughter of John St. Paul. He married, first, Alice daughter of Hamon Sutton of Burton, by whom he had issue Thomas, ancestor of the Granthams of St. Katherine'3 and •Goltho. His second wife, of whose parent- age I know nothing, was named Girlington. (She may have been a Girlington of Normanby.) By her he had issue Vincent. His third wife was Bridget, daughter of Sir William Hansard of South Kelsey, knight; by her he had issue Thomas the younger; Katherine who married, first, Robert Sanderson of Saxby; and, second, William Rokeby of Skiers, co. York (she died 10 March, 1615, and was buried at Saxby); and Faith, who married Sir Thomas St. Paul of Snar. ford, son of George {see Note 2). Vincent Grantham received the freedom of the city of Lincoln 12 Sept. 1526, and was mayor 1527 and 1511. His will is dated Oct. 27 and was proved at Doctors* Commons, Nov. 17, 1550. He was buried in St. Martin's church, Lincoln, Nov. 4. His widow Bridget afterwards married Thomas Taylor, but was buried in the same church with her first husband. Heralds'' Visit. 72. Hunter, South Yorks. ii. 102. Wills C. P. C. Par. Reg. of St. Martin's, Lincoln. s Thomas Moigne of Willingham, son of Alexander Moigne of Waithe, who was one of the Commissioners for the subsidy for Lindsey, in 1523, by Anne, daughter of John Copledike of Frampton. He was escheator for the county of Lincoln, 1532— 1534. A " Master Thomas Moyne," no doubt the same person, was appointed Re-P corder of Lincoln, July 11, 1532. He married Anne, daughter and co-heir of William Hansard of South Kelsey, and by her had issue Elizabeth, who married Thomas Morison of Cadeby. A Thomas Moigne, described as the elder brother of Simon Moigne, was attainted in or before 34 Henry VIII. Their father was Alex- ander Moigne, who had held lands at Thevilly (now Theally), near Burton Stather. Heralds' Visit. 14. Brewer, Gal. Let. Pap. vol. iii. pt. ii. p. 1365. Dep. Keeper's Wth Report, Append, p. 106. • 30(A Report, Append. 167. 6 The Boothes of Middlesoil, in the parish of Killingholme, were a younger branch of the family of Boothe of Barton, co. Lancaster. They became connected with Lincolnshire by the marriage of Henry Boothe with Elizabeth, the heiress of William Gaskerike of Middlesoil. There were two John Boothes of this place, father and son, in the reign of Henry VIII. I do not think it is possible to decide, with certainty, which is the person mentioned in the text. John Boothe the elder married Anne, daughter of Richard Thimbleby of Irnham. They had a large family. Their eldest surviving son was John Boothe the younger, who married, first, Isabella, daughter of William Dalyson of Laughton ; second, Eleanor Fitzwilliam ; third, Mary, daughter of Thomas Ellis of Paunton. His will was proved in the prerogative court of Canter, bury, the last day of Feb. 1566-7. He was buried at Killingholme on the 8th of July previous. Heralds' Visit. 51. Wills C. P. C. Par. Reg., Killingholme. 7 8 Sir Robert Tyrwhitt of Kettilby, knt. was the fifth in direct line from his namesake who began the feud with the Lord Roos. He is stated to have been Vice- Admiral of England, but this must be an error. He may have been one of the Vice- Admirals of the coast of England. If so, probably for Lindsey only. He married Maud, daughter of Sir Robert Tailboys of Goulton and Kyme. He died July 4, 1548, at his seat at Kettilby, and was buried in Wrawby church. His eldest son Sir William Tyrwhitt, of Scotter, married Isabell, daughter of Robert Girlington of Nor- manby. He was High Sheriff for the county 28 Hen. VIII. and was greatly enriched by grants of church lands. He died during the life of his father, March 19, 1540-1. His will was proved at Lincoln on the 1st of J line. When Gervaise Holies made his church notes, there was at Scotter—"In cancello ad austrum tumulus rnarmoreus. ere in- sculptus: Hie jacet Willelmus Tyrwhitt Miles, qui obiit 19° die Martii, Anno Domino 1541." Heralds' Vxsit. 73. Harl. MS. 6829, p. 197. Notices and Remains of Family of Tyrwhiil, passim. 9 It does not seem possible to identify this person with any degree of certainty. Whoever he was he may be presumed to have been a gentleman. The word servant, Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. INSEAD, on 16 Oct 2018 at 22:25:06, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950797300007587 April 29."] SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES. 325

as will be seen from the next note, must be interpreted to mean, not a menial servant, but something nearly approaching a feudal retainer of earlier times. I conjecture that this man may not improbably have been a member of a family named Bowyer, several members of whom were connected in business matters with the Tirwhitts in the reign of Elizabeth. The only pedigree of the family I have seen is in the Lincoln- shire Heralds' visitation of 1634. It' does not go back far enough to contain the person named in the text. Ralph Bowyer or Bower of Bottesford married in 1563 Margaret, daughter of Lionel Reresby of Thribergh, co. York. Hunter, S. Yorhs. ii. 39. 10 Richard Bellingham of Manton. The Bellinghanis of Manton, afterwards of Brumby Wood in the parish of Frodingham, were descended from a younger son of Sir Robert Bellingham of Bellingham ,in Northumberland, by his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Hichard Tunstall of Thurland. They inherited some of the best blood of the North of England. Richard Bellingham was the son and heir of Thomas Bellingham of Manton, by .... daughter of .... Wasling of Brumby Wood. He married Jane or Johanna, daughter of Robert Evers of Belton, in the Isle of Axholme. I have seen no evidence that there was any relationship or marriage connection between him or his wife and the Tirwhitts ; William Tirwhitt however left him "2 stoth* of 3 years old," by his will above noticed. He died Oct. 5, 1558. Heralds' Visit. 57. Harl. MS. 1097, f. 94 b. 1484, f. 26. " Thomas Dymock of North Carlton, son of Andrew Dymock, by his wife Dorothy Meers, and great-great-grandson of Sir John Dymoke, lint, brother of Sir Thomas, champion to Henry IV. and V. was sheriff of Lincolnshire, 1542. He married Dorothy, daughter of John Tourney of Cavenby or Cainby, near Spital in the Street. He died Fej .-1, 1545-6. His will is dated September 30, 1542. It was proved at Doctors' Commons, May 25, 1546. He desired burial in the church or churchyard of North Carlton. Wills C. 1\ C. 12 William Monson of South Carlton,. eldest son of Sir John Monson of that placed by his second wife Dorothy Meeres. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Hubert and sister to Sir William Tirwhitt before noticed. He served as burgess for Totnes in the Parliament of 1547, and as high sheriff for his county in 1553. He died Oct. 15, 1558, and lies buried in the church of South Carlton. By his will dated August 28th of same year, he gives to " Sir Robert Tirwhitt of Kettelby my gilt standyng pott of silver, pledged to me by the Lady Hiissi for 10 li. if she redeem the same he to have the 10 li " Heralds' Visit. 1. Collins' Peerage, edit. 1737, iii/497. Wills C. P. C. " . • 13 James Mussenden of Great Limber is. said, in the visitations, to have been the son of John Mussenden of Healing, near Great Grimsby, and Margaret Topcliffe his wife. His name however does not' appear in the will of John Mussenden, who men- tions all his other children. Gervaise Holies the Grimsby antiquary, whose statements are always worthy of respect, says'that he was not the son of this John, but that he came of a bastard line. His words are—" Nota denique quod nullus Mussendenorum jam extat qui non ex spurio et damnato coitu emanavit. Franciscus enim Mussenden de Louth in com. Line. Legista, ex filionoth o Bernardi Mussenden, et cujusdam fcemina; (Alicise Spenser nomine) originem suam deduxit. Thomas etiam Mussenden nuper de Waltham in com. Line, fuit films Thom«e qui filius fuit nothus Thomae Mussenden militis. Verissima ba?c inserui, ne posteri mentita propagine in errorem traherentur." The Francis Mussenden '• de Louth " here mentioned was great-grandson of James Mussenden the rioter. An additional reason for beliving this line to be illegitimate is furnished by the arms. The bearing of the old family was, Or, a cross engrailed gules, in the first quarter a bird of the second. Sometimes this bird is blazoned as a Cornish chough. This race however surrounded the coatwith a bordure azure semi of plates. Harl. MS. 1550, fol. 96. Lansd. MS. 207a, p. 513. MS. Queen's Coll. Ozf. fol. 22. Wills C. P. C. In order to exhibit more clearly the singular ramifications of the relationship which existed between the principal actors in the transactions above recorded, Mr. Peacock has prepared the tabular pedigree which occupies the two following pages.

Thanks were ordered to be returned for these communications. * Male horned cattle, from one to four years old. BesVs Farming Book, Suttees Soc. pp. 144, 183. Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. INSEAD, on 16 Oct 2018 at 22:25:06, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950797300007587 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950797300007587 Cambridge Coreterms ofuse,availableat Downloaded from

PEDIGREE TO ILLUSTRATE MR. PEACOCK'S PAPER; tCoO OS https://www.cambridge.org/core

TABLE I.

' Sir Richard Thimbleby^Elizy^p&nz. aaudau.. 0o1f Godfreu-oarreyy Hilmi-- John St. Paul=pJoan, dau. of Brian ... dau. of Tal-^Bernard Mus- of Irnham. I ton, s. and h. of Godfrey of Snarford. Stapletonp , of Wig- boys of Stal- senden.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms w Hilton of Irnham. hillhill , co. YorkYk. lingborough. o o . _J•B . INSEAD John Boothe.=pAnne Thimbleby. Sir Richard=pKatherine, dau. of Margaretg ,dau. of=^=John Mus- Thomas Mussenden,=pN.N . 2 Thimbleby. I Sir Rob. Tyrwhitt. Richard Topcliff, senden . a bastard son by I _ of Somerby. Alioe Spencer . I co , on j O 16 Oct2018at22:25:06

John Boothe. Richard=^Eliz dau. . of Sir Edm. Helen Thimbleby.=pJoh Stn . Paul. Alic eor Anne^Sir Thomas James Mussen. fcB Little- Senne yof Knotsall ,co. St. Paul. Mussenden. den. bury. Suff. . II I 1 I , subjecttothe Sir John CojmMtfe.^Elizabeth Littlebury. oThomaf Stainsbys Littlebury=pMargare. Stt . Paul. George St. Paul.=Ja,neWillia mAyscough Avscough dau, ..• o(Sef Siar T A, Table II.)

i 00 Francis Copuldike.=Elizabeth dau, . of Lionel Humphrey Littlebury.=Elizabeth dau, . of Sir William > OS Reresby of Thriburgh. Tyrwhit t of Kettilby. •to https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950797300007587 Cambridge Coreterms ofuse,availableat Downloaded from

TABLE II. 1. Margaret, dau. and heir of John Tailboys.=pJohs.^Jn o Ayscough.=p2. Ellen, dau. of Sir Richard Tunstall. •to

https://www.cambridge.org/core Sir William Ayscough of Stallingborough.=j=Mary, dau. of Sir Robert Hildyard. Sir Christopher Ayscough.= . J . 1. Elizabeth=pSiV William—2. Elizabeth=pSir Willia m Sir Christophej I=F.TSinces, dau. of Sir Hobert-fMaud, dau. of Sir Robert Wrothesley. Ayscovgh. Hutton. I Hansard. Ayscough. John Monson. Typishitt. Talboys' of Kyme,

(See A, Table I.) Bridget Han-= Fracemt Willia m Han-=pAgnes Tyr- Katherine=Sir Richard Sir William^lsa.hel Elizabeth^ William —

https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms sard. Grantham. sard. whitt. Tyrwhitt. Thimbleby. Tyrwhitt. Girling- Tyrwhitt. | Monson. ton of (See C. Table III.) I— Normanby. Anne .^^TAomrts Moygne. . (See B, Table III.) INSEAD

, on TABLE III. O 16 Oct2018at22:25:06 Ralph Reresby, of Thriburgh, co. York.^Margaret , dau. of Richard Fitzwilliam of Aldwark, co. York. I I to Sir John Monsonw of^Dorothyn oi-puorotny, dau, aau. o.f o..i ... Meeres^Anthon. ivieeres-r-Antnony y inoma Thomass =pMargaret -r-ivi , dau. of John Isabel Reresby.=pRobert' Evers of Belton South Carltonon. . ofo fth the eMarsh Marsh. . Dymock. Reresby . I FFulnetby, of Fulnetby. in the Isle of Axholme.

. C. William Jfo»«dtt=Elizabeth Frances =Sir Christopher Thomas Lionel Reresbv^Ann , dau. of Robert Jane Evers.=RiAsrrf Belling-

, subjecttothe of South Carlton. Tirwhytt. Monson. Ayscough. Dymock. of Thriburgh. Swyft of Rotherham . ham of Brumby (See C, Table II.) (See Table II.) . Wood .

B. , ,, = (See B, Table II.) Marmaduke—Eleanor Elizabeth^Franci s Copul- Margaret Ralph Bowyer or Bower of B.bttesford, Tyrwhitt. Reresby. Reresby. dike . Reresby. probably the son of Thomas Bower.