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Table of Contents CONTENTS 1. Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology . 1 Nasal Cavity. 1 Anatomy. 1 Histology . 2 Embryology . 4 Paranasal Sinuses . 5 Anatomy. 5 Histology . 6 Oral Cavity . 6 Anatomy. 6 Histology . 6 Pharynx. 6 Anatomy. 6 Histology . 7 Larynx . 8 Anatomy. 8 Histology . 10 Embryology . 13 2. Staging of Head and Neck Carcinoma . 15 General Rules of Reporting. 15 Histopathologic Grade . 16 Specific Anatomic Sites. 16 Oral Cavity . 16 Pharynx. 17 Larynx . 18 Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses . 19 Stage Grouping . 20 3. Benign Squamous Proliferations . 21 Squamous Papilloma . 21 Schneiderian Papillomas . 22 Inverted Schneiderian Papilloma. 23 Exophytic Schneiderian Papilloma . 25 Oncocytic Schneiderian Papilloma . 29 Inverted Ductal Papilloma of Minor Salivary Glands. 30 Papillomas of the Larynx and Trachea. 33 Tumor-Like Lesions. 36 Verrucous Hyperplasia. 36 ix Tumors of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract and Ear Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia . 38 Verruca Vulgaris of the Larynx and Oral Cavity. 40 4. Conventional Squamous Cell Carcinoma. 47 Keratosis. 47 Dysplasia. 48 Grading Systems. 49 Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma. 53 Microscopic Findings. 53 Prognostic Indicators. 55 Cytologic Findings . 56 Molecular Findings. 58 Site-Specific Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma. 59 Lip . 59 Oral Cavity (General). 60 Oral Tongue . 62 Nasal Cavity/Paranasal Sinuses . 63 Nasopharynx . 65 Oropharynx. 66 Hypopharynx . 67 Larynx. 67 5. Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Diagnostically Problematic Variants . 81 Verrucous Carcinoma . 81 Spindle Cell Carcinoma. 87 Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma. 95 Adenosquamous Carcinoma. 98 Acantholytic (Adenoid and Angiosarcoma-Like) Squamous Cell Carcinoma . 103 Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma. 107 Undifferentiated Carcinomas. 114 Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Carcinoma . 114 Human Papillomavirus-Associated Carcinoma. 123 NUT Midline Carcinoma. 129 6. Glandular Neoplasms . 149 Adenocarcinoma (Nonsalivary Gland Types) . 149 Sinonasal Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma. 149 Low-Grade Nonintestinal Adenocarcinoma . 156 High-Grade Nonintestinal Adenocarcinoma . 160 Other Adenocarcinomas. 162 Respiratory Epithelial Adenomatoid (and Seromucinous) Hamartomas. 162 Sinonasal Ameloblastoma . 167 x Contents 7. Neural, Neuroendocrine, and Neuroectoderma Neoplasia. 173 Heterotopic Glial Tissue (Nasal Glioma) . 173 Ectopic Pituitary Tissue and Pituitary Adenoma. 176 Neurofibroma . 177 Neuromas. 181 Palisaded Encapsulated Neuroma (Solitary Circumscribed Neuroma) . 181 Traumatic Neuroma. 182 Mucosal Neuroma (Ganglioneuroma) . 182 Neurilemoma (Schwannoma) . 184 Neurothekeoma . 188 Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy . 188 Granular Cell Tumor/Congenital Epulis . 191 Craniopharyngioma . 197 Meningioma . 198 Olfactory Neuroblastoma . 201 Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma. 212 Carcinoid Tumor and Moderately Differentiated Neuroendocrine Carcinoma (Atypical Carcinoid Tumor) . 219 Small Cell Carcinoma. 227 Malignant Melanoma. 232 Peripheral Neuroectodermal Tumor/Extraosseous Ewing Sarcoma . 240 8. Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Disorders. 261 Tonsillitis and Reactive Hyperplasia, Not Otherwise Specified. 263 Infectious Mononucleosis . 264 Hyperplasia of Waldeyer Ring in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. 267 Sinus Histiocytosis with Massive Lymphadenopathy. 269 Mature B-Cell Neoplasms (Excluding Plasmacytoma). 272 Mature T- and NK-Cell Malignancies (Excluding NT-/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type) . 280 Extranodal NK-/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type . 283 Precursor Lymphoid Neoplasms. 291 Extraosseous Plasmacytoma . 292.
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