E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 115 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

Vol. 164 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 18, 2018 No. 121 Senate The Senate met at 10 a.m. and was ceed to executive session to resume Lisa Blatt is a skilled litigator who called to order by the President pro consideration of the following nomina- argues frequently before the Supreme tempore (Mr. HATCH). tion, which the clerk will report. Court. She is also a Democrat. She f The senior assistant legislative clerk wrote the committee too. Her letter de- read the nomination of Andrew S. scribes Mr. Oldham as ‘‘a great lis- PRAYER Oldham, of Texas, to be United States tener’’ with ‘‘a brilliant legal mind, The Chaplain, Dr. Barry C. Black, of- Circuit Judge for the Fifth Circuit. [and] a wonderful sense of humor and fered the following prayer: The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under collegiality.’’ Let us pray. the previous order, the time until 2 Her conclusion? He would ‘‘make a Eternal God, who has been the hope p.m. will be equally divided in the superb judge.’’ and joy of many generations, thank usual form. What about Mr. Oldham’s own words? You for giving us the power to seek RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY LEADER If confirmed, he explained to our col- You. We praise You for Your promise The majority leader is recognized. leagues during his hearing, he will ‘‘up- that those who keep on seeking will Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, this hold the rights of all litigants—big or find what they seek. Inspire our law- week the Senate continues to confirm little—equally, and apply the law to all makers to seek Your wisdom in order impressive nominees whom President fairly.’’ to be guided by Your loving providence. Trump has asked to serve our country. He understands his responsibility, Lord, give them a clearer vision of We have confirmed two Assistant Sec- clearly. I look forward to confirming Your truth, a great faith in Your retaries to the Department of Edu- this nominee, and I urge each of our might, and a deeper assurance of Your cation, Scott Stump and James Blew. colleagues to join me. We have confirmed a member of the love. Teach them to labor and not to ECONOMIC GROWTH Board of Governors of the Federal Re- ask for any reward except that of Mr. President, on another matter, it serve, Randal Quarles. Now we will knowing they are doing Your will. has been a year and a half since Repub- turn to the judiciary and consider We pray in Your loving Name. Amen. lican majorities took their seats in nominees to the Fifth Circuit and f Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. Congress and a Republican President PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE First is Andrew Oldham of Texas, the was sworn in. In 2016, the American President’s choice for the Fifth Circuit. people made it clear it was time to try The President pro tempore led the something new. They were tired of a Pledge of Allegiance, as follows: Mr. Oldham has impressed the legal community in his years of public serv- so-called recovery that focused over- I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the ice, most recently as general counsel to whelmingly on big, wealthy metropoli- United States of America, and to the Repub- the Governor of Texas. tan areas. They had seen enough of tax lic for which it stands, one nation under God, hikes and top-down regulations that indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. Mr. Oldham has degrees from the University of Virginia, Cambridge, and held their communities back. They f Harvard Law. He clerked on both the turned to Republicans to deliver a pro- RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME DC Circuit Court and the Supreme growth, pro-opportunity agenda to cre- ate better conditions for working fami- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. COT- Court. He carries the highest possible lies, job creators, and entrepreneurs to TON). Under the previous order, the rating from the American Bar Associa- leadership time is reserved. tion, ‘‘unanimously well-qualified.’’ rise together. He comes highly recommended by Eighteen months later, the results f peers and colleagues from across the could not be clearer. Today, more peo- CONCLUSION OF MORNING political spectrum. Judith Zaffirini is a ple say it is a good time to find a job BUSINESS Texas State senator. She is a Demo- than at almost any point since the turn The PRESIDING OFFICER. Morning crat. She wrote the Judiciary Com- of the millennium. U.S. manufacturers business is closed. mittee to support Mr. Oldham’s nomi- are more confident than ever about the nation ‘‘confidently, enthusiastically, future of their businesses. f and without reservation.’’ She and the Here is a story from yesterday’s Fi- EXECUTIVE SESSION nominee have worked together on a nancial Times: ‘‘US retail sales rise for number of important subjects. Through fifth straight month in June.’’ This is a them all, she explains, ‘‘Mr. Oldham re- good sign for Americans all across the EXECUTIVE CALENDAR flected the ideal qualities of a judge board. It shows our economy is The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under . . . open-minded, fair . . . thoughtful healthy. It shows that families feel the previous order, the Senate will pro- and analytical.’’ they have enough breathing room to

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

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VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.000 S18JYPT1 S5028 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 make purchases, which of course then walk that back? He did not address his national security team—those who benefit the companies and workers who brazen attacks on the FBI while on for- were in Helsinki and those who would produce what they are buying. Of eign soil. Is he going to walk that have knowledge of what happened in course, it is especially good for the 42 back? Helsinki. million Americans whose jobs are sup- Now, late last night and this morn- We need to have immediate public ported by the retail industry. ing, the President is back to cele- testimony from Secretary Pompeo, According to industry data, more brating his meeting with Putin. He is from DNI Director Coats, and from than 6 in 10 Americans work in retail walking back the walk back. That is Ambassador Huntsman. at some point in their career, so this what he did this morning. This is like Above all, we need the translator continued prosperity is really signifi- Charlottesville redux. We all know who was present at the one-on-one cant. There is little question that tax what the President really thought. We meeting with President Putin to tes- reform is to thank for a significant know what he thought at Charlottes- tify openly before Congress. That is not portion of this progress. ville. The walk back was unconvincing, usually done, but there are almost al- For one thing, our middle-class tax and he went back to his old ways. We ways other people in the room, so you cuts are directly boosting families’ dis- know what he thought at Helsinki. The don’t need the translator. But for some cretionary income. As the Wall Street walk back was unconvincing. And now, reason—a reason that Americans and Journal reported this week, ‘‘many with his tweets this morning, he is the world are wondering about—Presi- households are experiencing less with- back to his old ways. dent Trump wanted no one else in the holding from their paychecks thanks The only reason there was a walk room. Having the translator come tes- to the tax overhaul.’’ back is that the President was forced tify and tell us what happened there is Analysts also point to the business by pressure from many of my Repub- an imperative. It is so important. It is side of tax reform, which is letting lican friends here, from his allies in the rare for translators to come before more U.S. employers expand and hire. media, and his own White House staff. Congress, but in this case, it is war- That means more jobs for American They all pressured him to give that ranted—A, because no one else was in workers, which means more income for temporary walk back. But it is clear the room, by the President’s direction, American families, which means more from today’s tweets that he doesn’t and B, because what happened there money in the cash registers of Amer- mean it, that he doesn’t believe it, and, might have been so important, given ican small businesses. The virtuous frankly, neither does anybody else. It what happened in public a few short cycle goes on. is clear that he still believes President hours afterward. The translator works The American people and most fair Putin over the consensus of the Amer- for the Federal Government, works for observers are marveling at what our ican intelligence community, and that the taxpayers, and may be the only economy is delivering to workers and puts Americans’ security gravely at person who can accurately report what middle-class families, but I am starting risk. President Trump said to President to think our Democratic colleagues The President’s reluctant, ham-hand- Putin behind closed doors, what con- may have forgotten what a successful ed, half-hearted ‘‘clarification’’ yester- cessions were made to Vladimir Putin. economic agenda looks like because day—almost entirely reversed this We want to know. Did the President even in the face of headline after head- morning—is woefully inadequate. His make concessions that hurt our na- line and testimony after testimony behavior in Helsinki continues to de- tional security? What did he agree to? from job creators we represent, they mand a response from Congress, and Congress has a duty to conduct re- try to brush off this impressive growth there are many things we can do. But sponsible oversight of the executive as nothing serious, and they advocate later this morning, if anything is true branch, particularly after what the for repealing or undoing the Repub- to form, the President will hold a Cabi- President did in Helsinki. The Presi- lican policies that are helping to make net meeting, and his advisers will dent’s summit calls for oversight. Hav- it happen. shower him with thanks and praise— ing these people—particularly the Fortunately, Republicans know full this is what he craves—and will pro- translator—come testify is important. well how to cut taxes, trim back regu- vide, perhaps, another version of what I understand Secretary Pompeo will lations, and get Washington out of the happened in Helsinki. appear before the Foreign Relations American people’s way. It is just what Given what happened in Helsinki and Committee next week, which is good, we have done. It is just what we will given that the President’s walk back but we need to hear from others, in- continue to do. was so weak, there are several things cluding the translator. I urge Leader RECOGNITION OF THE MINORITY LEADER we as a Congress can and should do. MCCONNELL and his leadership team to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Talking the talk is not enough. Walk- immediately request a hearing of the Democratic leader is recognized. ing the walk is what is so important people I mentioned. TRUMP-PUTIN SUMMIT here. We need to act, not simply say Second, the Republican leadership Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, yes- ‘‘tsk, tsk; bad President’’ and then go should soon place on the floor—ASAP— terday, President Trump went through back to business as usual, because the bipartisan legislation, led by Senators a walk back. President Trump’s walk American polity, the American secu- BOOKER, GRAHAM, COONS, and TILLIS, to back performance was pathetic. It was rity, and the view of America in the protect the special counsel from polit- weak, insincere, and thoroughly uncon- eyes of the world have taken a severe ical interference. This legislation vincing. The President read a scripted setback. It is up to us in the Congress passed out of the Judiciary Committee clarification yesterday like he was in a to try to undo that. with bipartisan support. It has four hostage situation. All you had to do I mentioned a whole host of actions sponsors—two Democrats, two Repub- was look at his face. He couldn’t even this body can take to counter Russia’s licans. If Leader MCCONNELL is serious fully commit to it, adding off-the-cuff malign activity, punish Putin for inter- about the checks and balances and if that other people could also be respon- fering in our elections, prevent him what he said in the last day or two sible for election interference in 2016. from doing it again, and ensure that were not just meaningless words, he That is hardly a walk back, and it was the President is doing what is nec- will put this legislation on the floor. It concerning only one particular com- essary to stand up for American inter- will pass. ment. The President did not address ests. The Senate is not powerless to Alongside demanding testimony from his lavish praise for Vladimir Putin in take action in the wake of President the President’s national security team, Helsinki. Is he going to walk that Trump’s indefensible performance at passing legislation to protect the spe- back? He blamed both countries—the his summit with Vladimir Putin. Let cial counsel is probably the most im- United States and Russia—for the sour me reiterate and suggest some things portant thing this body could do to en- relations between us. Is he going to we should do, and I believe we should sure that President Trump’s reckless- walk that back? He said U.S. stupidity do all of these. ness does not precipitate a constitu- and foolishness, not Russian aggres- First, our Republican colleagues need tional crisis. sion, was the reason our relationship to join us in demanding immediate Third, we should ratchet up sanc- with Russia was so bad. Is he going to public testimony from the President’s tions on Putin and his cronies, not

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.001 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5029 water them down. The sanctions this of them other than out of fear of of- stitutional. Clearly, Judge body passed by an overwhelming bipar- fending the President. Times like these Kavanaugh’s judicial philosophy incor- tisan margin of 98 to 2—and I salute call for us to do more. We have already porates an almost monarchical view of Leader MCCONNELL; he helped to bring heard some of our Republican col- Executive power and accountability, it to the floor even though the Presi- leagues say ‘‘let’s move on’’ after what animated by a belief that our Chief Ex- dent didn’t like it—have not yet been the President said yesterday—as I men- ecutive gets to play by a different set fully implemented by the Trump ad- tioned, his so-called walk back was not of rules. ministration. On our side, Senators a walk back at all—and that if we Judge Kavanaugh, particularly after MENENDEZ and VAN HOLLEN have some cared about our Nation’s security, we this interview, needs to recuse himself very good ideas about sanctions, and would move forward. from anything having to do with the we should act on them. The final thing I would say to my Re- Mueller probe given his record and the Fourth, our Republican colleagues publican colleagues is this: This is a fact that he was nominated by the sub- can and should insist that the Presi- moment that will be remembered in ject of the investigation he could very dent finally release his tax returns. We American history. It is not going away. well end up ruling on. all know that the President broke dec- This is a moment that will be remem- Once again, I thank my colleagues. ades of practice when he didn’t release bered next week, next month, in No- I yield the floor. those returns—so damaging because his vember of 2018, in November of 2020, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- economic interests outside of the gov- and way beyond. The Helsinki summit ator from Alabama. ernment are so large, complicated, and is now an unalterable fact in American TARIFFS varied and so important because he history—a moment when, unfortu- Mr. JONES. Mr. President, I rise to deals with international finance in nately, an American President humili- discuss an issue that is of great impor- these situations. ated his own country and himself be- tance to my constituents in Alabama There was no good reason not to re- fore a foreign dictator. It was a terrible and to many other people across the lease his tax returns then. Yet Presi- sign of weakness by this President, and country. At issue is the health of our dent Trump’s inexplicable behavior in it, unfortunately, weakens the office he automotive industry. Helsinki has many Americans asking: holds. Unfortunately, the health of my What does Putin have over him that he Yet it can be remembered as a mo- State’s automobile industry is being is behaving in a way that is, basically, ment when a bipartisan majority in threatened not by unfair competition inexplicable by any rational, logical Congress—Democrats and Republicans or illegal practices but by significant line of thinking? That is why his tax in their dropping all trappings of tariffs proposed by the President. Ac- returns will be so important. We should party—links arms and stands up for cording to the U.S. Chamber of Com- pass legislation that requires the Presi- our country after our President has re- merce, more than a half a million Ala- dent to release his tax returns. It was fused to do so. Let’s hope it is. Let’s bama jobs are supported by global important before, but it is much more hope it is. trade, meaning more than one in every important now, after Helsinki. NOMINATION OF BRETT KAVANAUGH four Alabama jobs is tied to trade. Fifth, the Republicans should de- Mr. President, I know my colleagues One of the key reasons Alabama has mand with us that the President insist are waiting, and I appreciate their in- such a robust trade posture is due to the 12 Russians who have been indicted dulgence as I have one final point on our automotive manufacturing indus- for our election interference and infor- the Supreme Court and Brett try. I am old enough to remember what mation warfare be handed over. Putin Kavanaugh. it was like before auto companies came may not do it, but at least we ought to I just read in a very recent interview to Alabama in the 1990s, starting with show how serious we are as a country. that Judge Kavanaugh was asked, if Mercedes. At the time that Mercedes The President ought to show how granted the opportunity, whether he came, many of Alabama’s manufac- alarmed he is that this happened, and would overturn precedent in any one turing facilities were closing down and the best way to do that is for our Re- case. Judge Kavanaugh initially de- moving to other countries. Yet, one by publican colleagues to join with us. clined to answer. He then paused and one—from Mercedes, to Honda, to They will have more influence than we said, on second thought, he would over- Hyundai, and now to Toyota and will have in asking him to do so. turn the precedent in Morrison v. Mazda, which are breaking ground on a Finally, we should have bipartisan Olson. That is the case that upheld the new plant very soon—these auto- legislation on election security. To- constitutionality of the independent makers came to Alabama and breathed gether, in a bipartisan way, with the counsel law. I will make two brief new life into our State’s economy. help of my friend from Tennessee—a points on the subject. They support, today, some 57,000 Ala- senior member of Appropriations—in First, Judge Kavanaugh’s response bama jobs, and our auto exports topped the last omnibus bill, we passed $380 demonstrates he is willing to answer $11 billion in 2017. That doesn’t even in- million for election security. As I un- direct questions about precedent— clude the new Toyota-Mazda plant in derstand it, that money is now being which precedents he agrees with and Huntsville, which is going to add an- sent out to help the States, but we which precedents he would overturn. I other 4,000 jobs and $1.6 billion in eco- have to do more. There is bipartisan hope, during the hearings, we will not nomic development. legislation. Senators KLOBUCHAR and suffer the tried-and-true verbal gym- After having no automobile industry LANKFORD and Senators VAN HOLLEN nastics of nominees who have refused 30 years ago, Alabama has become the and RUBIO have good legislation that to answer questions on existing prece- third largest exporter of automobiles could help beef up our election secu- dent. Judge Kavanaugh had no qualms in this country. In only the past 15 rity. We ought to move on it. about that in that interview. months, every major automobile manu- Our country—our cyber networks and Second and more immediately, con- facturer in Alabama has announced an our election systems—is under con- sidering everything we know about expansion to total 5,400 jobs and $3.3 stant attack from adversaries like the Judge Kavanaugh’s expansive view of billion in investments. This industry Russians. There is bipartisan consensus Executive power and accountability, has been a phenomenal success in Ala- that we must harden our election infra- the fact that Morrison v. Olson—of all bama and, more importantly, for the structure. This has led to the legisla- of the cases in the history of the Su- men and women who rely on these very tion I mentioned by KLOBUCHAR, preme Court—is the first case he would good-paying jobs to support their fami- LANKFORD, VAN HOLLEN, and RUBIO. think of overturning is deeply, deeply lies and to build better lives. There is other legislation by Senators troubling. That is why it is a priority for me HARRIS and WYDEN. I urge the Repub- We already know he believes a Presi- and colleagues like my friend, Senator lican leader to let us move on one or dent shouldn’t be investigated while in ALEXANDER from Tennessee, to keep more of these bills. office, that a President can’t be in- our States’ automotive industry thriv- We should do all of these things, not dicted while in office, that a President ing. Yet, recently, this industry has just one or two—all of them. I can’t doesn’t have to follow laws that the come under attack. In May, President think of a logical reason not to do any President ‘‘deems’’—his word—uncon- Trump threatened a 25-percent tariff

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.003 S18JYPT1 S5030 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 on imported cars, trucks, and auto only silver bullet in this case is for the workforce—work in those auto plants. parts under the pretext that these President to change his mind and rec- Those auto jobs have become the main products somehow threaten our na- ognize how many jobs are at risk be- driver of family incomes, which have tional security. cause of these proposed tariffs. Until now risen to a little above the national Let me be clear. While the United that happens, we are going to fight to average. Our economy is booming, and States faces any number of threats protect what our States and our work- unemployment is at a record low. from adversaries on any number of ers have earned. Today, Tennessee produces 6.7 per- fronts, foreign automobiles and auto I want to thank my colleague Sen- cent of all of the cars and trucks pro- parts are not threats to our national ator ALEXANDER, who is here today, for duced in the United States. Tennessee security. Do you know what is a his continued partnership in this ef- exported more than $5.5 billion worth threat? It is a 25-percent tax on the fort. I look forward to working with of automobiles and auto parts last prices of these imported goods. The more of our colleagues to stop the ur- year. Tennessee has been the top State President’s proposed auto tariffs have gent threat to American jobs. in auto manufacturing strength for 5 the potential to inflict serious damage Thank you. out of the last 8 years, according to on a booming industry in my State and I yield the floor. Business Facilities. in other leading auto-producing States, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Let me get back to my little story. like Tennessee. We might call it a tar- ator from Tennessee. Last year, one of those bright twins iff, but we all know exactly what it is— Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. President, I from Rutherford County—the Knight a tax. want to thank the Senator from Ala- family—where I spent the night 40 By definition, a tariff is a tax on a bama for his remarks. years ago, Randy Knight, retired as the particular class of imports or exports. I come to the floor to discuss bipar- general manager of the Nissan plant, Any tariffs placed on products that tisan legislation that he and I, as he which is the largest and most efficient come into the United States are taxes said, plan to introduce as soon as next auto plant in North America. His that increase the cost of those goods to week to encourage the Trump adminis- brother works there, too, and so does American consumers. When other tration to reconsider the dangerous one of those grandchildren whom the countries place additional tariffs, or steps it is taking to impose tariffs on grandmother thought she would never new taxes, on American goods, it raises imported automobiles and automotive see. the purchase prices of American prod- parts. You can see why Tennesseans become ucts overseas and hurts our ability to I use the word ‘‘dangerous’’ because very worried when anything threatens sustain competitive markets in those nothing has done more during the last the auto industry that has transformed countries. So it is deeply troubling 40 years to raise family incomes in our State. Here is why the proposed that the recent proposal from the Tennessee than the arrival of the auto tariffs do that. President will threaten tens of thou- industry, and nothing could do more As the Senator from Alabama said, sands of jobs in Alabama and increase damage to those family incomes than tariffs are taxes. Tariffs are taxes on costs for American consumers. the proposed tariffs on imported auto- us, pure and simple. They make what Shortly after this tariff threat was mobiles and automotive parts, com- we buy and sell more expensive. The issued, Senator ALEXANDER joined me bined with the tariffs on imported steel laws of economics usually say that in writing to Commerce Secretary Wil- and aluminum that the administration when you make what you buy and sell bur Ross, and we urged him to recon- has already imposed. more expensive, you buy and sell less sider the auto tariff tax proposal. Be- We have heard the Senator from Ala- of it. If we sell fewer automobiles and tween our two States, the automotive bama talk about his State. In my view, automotive parts, there will be lower sector contributes more than 200,000 Tennessee is more likely to be hurt revenues, lower profits, fewer wage in- jobs to our economies. Numbers of than any other State by these tariffs. creases, and fewer jobs. autoworkers from our States are in Let me tell a short story to explain Since almost every one of the 900 town this week to tell their stories, why I would make such a dramatic auto part suppliers use steel and alu- firsthand, to the Commerce Depart- statement. minum, lower revenues and smaller ment, and I commend them for their ef- Forty years ago, I walked 1,000 miles profits mean fewer wage increases and forts in doing so. across Tennessee in my campaign for fewer jobs for the 136,000 Tennesseans Senator ALEXANDER and I understand Governor. In Rutherford County, out- who work in the more than 900 auto the devastating blow these tariffs will side Nashville, I spent the night with plants in our State. More expensive represent to an industry that has lit- the Knight family. Mrs. Knight told me cars means fewer people in the United erally rebuilt our respective States’ that her twin boys were bright but that States buy those cars and fewer people economies from the ground up. Auto- she was sad because, as she put it, overseas buy those cars—the cars we makers and their suppliers can be there are no jobs around here. She said: make. Fewer people buying cars and found in every corner and in nearly They are smart boys, and they will trucks means that 136,000 Tennesseans every county of each of our States. We never get a job here, and I will never in America’s No. 1 auto State are going have found common cause in fighting see my grandchildren. to have a lower standard of living than these tariffs and protecting our con- Forty years ago, there were no auto they otherwise would and lower family stituents from the devastating impacts jobs in Tennessee. We were the third incomes. they will have. poorest State. Our family incomes were Why in the world would our govern- There are already a few legislative the third lowest. Our low-paying tex- ment raise our taxes and destroy our solutions out there, including Senator tile jobs were fleeing outside of our jobs in this way? Well, the govern- CORKER’s solution regarding tariffs. I country. Unemployment and inflation ment’s answer is that tariffs protect know Senator PORTMAN is also doing a were high, and prospects were bleak. jobs in the steel and aluminum indus- lot of good work in this space. Senator Then in 1980—just 2 years after that try. ALEXANDER and I are working together walk, when I was the Governor of Ten- It is true that some steel and alu- to propose a solution of our own as a nessee—Nissan from Japan arrived and minum jobs might be saved, but in 2003, complementary measure to halt these came to Rutherford. Then General Mo- when President George W. Bush pro- tariffs. We hope to introduce that pro- tors, with Saturn, came to Spring Hill. posed steel tariffs, there were about 10 posal as early as next week after con- Then Volkswagen came to Chat- times as many people working in the sulting with our automotive manufac- tanooga. All had large manufacturing steel-using industries as there were in turers and working with our colleagues plants. steel-producing industries. Let me say to grow bipartisan support for this leg- As the American automobile indus- that again. There were more people islation. try moved to the Southeastern United working in the steel-using industry I realize that folks who have been af- States, more than 900 auto part sup- than there were in the steel-producing fected by these proposed tariffs are pliers spread across 88 of Tennessee’s 95 industry. looking for a silver bullet to stop them counties. Today, 136,000 Tennesseans— President Bush dropped the idea after dead in their tracks. Right now, the or one-third of our manufacturing a year because the tariffs destroyed, as

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.004 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5031 I said, more jobs in other industries, the President is widely admired and Hundreds of millions of tax dollars including the automotive industry, States that he carried heavily in his were used for this facility. It did run than they saved in the steel-producing election effort. over budget. It certainly ran over time. industry. Those plants moved primarily to the But we have learned a lot as a result of I know something about the alu- Southeast because our part of the this facility, and the Army Corps of minum industry. My dad worked most country offered right-to-work laws and Engineers will now be taking over of his life at Alcoa’s Tennessee alu- an environment that allowed compa- major construction projects like this. minum smelting plant, which closed a nies to make quality cars at a lower As a result of this facility, we have few years ago because electricity was cost and sell them competitively here made changes on how designs are being so much cheaper in other parts of the in the United States and around the made. It was a learning experience and world. You use electricity—lots of it— world. In fact, my own view is that the unfortunately a costly one at that, but to smelt aluminum. That is why those movement of the American auto indus- it doesn’t change the fact that this will plants came to East Tennessee more try to the Southeast saved the Amer- be a crown jewel in the VA system. than a century ago. But electric prices ican auto industry because where it This is not the end of a project, it is in the United States gradually rose was 25, 30, or 40 years ago was stuck in the beginning of a promise to be ful- over that century, and are still cheaper the Midwest in an oligopoly where the filled—a promise to our veterans on the in other parts of the world. So today United Automobile Workers and three care they will receive, a place where there are only eight smelting plants big companies were producing big, ex- they will find healing, where they will left in the United States. Seven of pensive cars, and the little foreign cars find support, and where they will find a them are still in operation. Alcoa oper- were coming in and eating their lunch return to good health. ates four and makes 46 percent—nearly in the marketplace. So now we have To our men and women in uniform half—of all of the aluminum produced strong and effective American auto who currently serve, know that you in the United States. Alcoa opposes the plants in the Midwestern United States have a place in Colorado where you will aluminum tariffs because it also oper- and in the Southeastern United States, find incredible care. ates smelting plants in Canada and and half of them are made by so-called To those who have served our coun- other countries that export aluminum foreign manufacturers. try, who live in Colorado, know that to the United States. I agree with President Trump on with great pride, we open this facility The bottom line is this: The largest many things—taxes, judges, regula- this weekend. U.S. producer of aluminum, Alcoa, tions, the economy, Keystone Pipeline, But we have more work to do. We doesn’t want the aluminum tariffs. The and others. He has helped create to- have work to do to make sure that it is thousands of auto plants and other day’s booming economy and low unem- easier to hire doctors and fill the posi- plants that use aluminum don’t want ployment. I give him credit for helping tions at the hospital that have re- the aluminum tariffs. So who is asking to do that, but these tariffs take us in mained open for months around the VA for the aluminum tariffs? exactly the opposite direction. system. It takes too long to onboard A second reason justifying tariffs is These tariffs are dangerous. These medical professionals. We should cut that other countries may have been un- tariffs are going to cost us jobs. These down that time, figure out how to cut fair to the United States. There may be tariffs are going to lower our family in- through the redtape and the comes. These tariffs are going to undo examples of that, but when did it be- bureaucracy. If you are qualified to much of the good the President and come a good idea to solve your own practice medicine at Swedish Hospital this Congress have done during the last problem by shooting yourself in both in Denver, or any of our other great fa- year and a half to create this booming feet at once? It is hard to see how rais- cilities, why can’t you just go to work economy. at the VA hospital as well? So these ing our taxes and destroying our jobs is I respectfully suggest that the Presi- are things that we can do to do a better a smart solution to unfair trade prac- dent reconsider his trade policy, drop job. tices. the tariffs as a tool for implementing Then there is the question of whether On Monday, I met with the Secretary his objectives, and find other, more ef- nominee, Robert Wilkie, President tariffs help autoworkers. Raising taxes fective means to persuade other coun- Trump’s nominee to be the new VA and prices and selling fewer cars tries to do for us what we do for them. wouldn’t seem to help the American I thank the Presiding Officer. Secretary, and I talked to him about autoworker. I yield the floor. the work we have to continue to do to Will it cause foreign companies to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- make sure that veterans receive the build more cars in the United States? ator from Colorado. best care possible. This Congress has Well, that is already happening. OPENING OF THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGIONAL VA passed legislation, such as the Choice The foreign manufacturers have been MEDICAL CENTER Act. We have made great reforms over doing exactly what we asked them to Mr. GARDNER. Mr. President, this the last several months to reduce wait do. They have moved here. They weekend, Colorado will be celebrating times and wait lists and to eliminate produce cars and trucks here. They ex- the opening of our new Rocky Moun- them and make sure that we can pro- port many of those cars and trucks and tain Regional VA Medical Center in vide that promise of care. auto parts to other countries. Today, Aurora. I am incredibly proud that we This weekend in Colorado there will about half the cars being built in will be reaching this milestone this be a great celebration as we open this America are being built by the so- weekend after more than a decade of facility. So many people put in tireless called foreign manufacturers. Nissan’s work and some significant hurdles, years upon years of work, from the plant in Rutherford County employs trials, and tribulations along the way. leadership of the State to the leader- 8,000 Tennesseans and is the largest and I commend my colleagues for the work ship of Congress. I am grateful that most efficient auto plant in North they did funding this project. this weekend we celebrate as we open a America. The Rocky Mountain Regional VA facility that begins to fulfill the prom- I was with President Trump last year Medical Center will be the crown jewel ise made a decade ago for veterans in when he spoke in Michigan about all of the VA system. It wasn’t easy to get the region. the autoworker jobs leaving the Mid- here. A lot of people had to do a lot of I yield the floor. west. Since 1994, 3.6 million of those work to make it happen, including the Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I ask jobs have left the Midwest, but they veterans, the leadership organizations unanimous consent to speak as in didn’t go overseas; they moved to Ten- in Colorado, our colleagues across the morning business. nessee and Alabama and other parts of aisle, Congressman COFFMAN, Congress- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. SUL- the Southeastern United States, which man PERLMUTTER, Senator BENNET—in LIVAN). Without objection, it is so or- gained 3.6 million auto jobs during the fact, the entire congressional delega- dered. same period. Those new auto plants are tion for a number of years—Senator NOMINATION OF BRETT KAVANAUGH in Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, Mis- Salazar, Senator Udall, Senator Allard. Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I come sissippi, South Carolina, Kentucky, They have all done incredible work to to the floor today to join my col- and Texas. Those are all States where make this weekend a possibility. leagues in making it clear just how

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.006 S18JYPT1 S5032 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 high the stakes are when it comes to nities, students, and workers and for that will come before the Supreme our Nation’s highest courts—for our our environment, our elections, our Court in the coming years—whether it families, for our communities, for our country, and more. is questions regarding equality under country, and for our future. But before I get into some other the adoption laws for all couples or the Since the day he took office, Presi- issues—and, again, just a few of rights of a couple to buy a wedding dent Trump has made one move after many—I want to start with two that I cake, whether transgender troops can another to turn the White House and believe are most important and that serve their country, whether someone the entire executive branch into a tool every woman, every man, and every can continue being fired simply for for those who have the most power, the family should be thinking very hard being LGBTQ, and more. So there is a most money, and the most influence to about: protections for patients with whole lot at stake. Anyone who cares get even more power, more money, and preexisting conditions and Roe v. about this issue or anyone who simply more influence. From our public Wade. believes that everyone in this country schools to our public lands and more, it First, President Trump has broken should have fundamental rights and is hard to find any Trump administra- promise after promise he made to freedoms—no matter who they are or tion decision where the bottom line workers and families on the campaign who they love—should join us in reject- didn’t come first. trail, but he has never once wavered in ing Judge Kavanaugh. But it is not just his administration. keeping promises he made to extreme, That is not all. We have known from President Trump has systematically ideological, rightwing special interests. day one that President Trump would be worked to roll back decades of progress President Trump said he would make hostile toward our bedrock environ- through our courtrooms, from the Su- taking away patient protections—like mental laws, that he was eager to do preme Court on down, which will have those for preexisting conditions—and the bidding of the coal, oil, and gas in- long-lasting impacts stretching far be- gutting policies that have made dustries, that his slogan of putting yond his time in the White House. healthcare more affordable for millions America first actually meant that the I know some of my colleagues were a top priority. He failed to jam a bill United States would be dead last in the here last night to talk about the abso- through Congress here to make those fight against climate change, and that lutely egregious circuit court nominees things happen. So he has done every- Trump’s economic agenda has more to who would do everything they can to thing he can to attack patients’ do with rolling back rules that help to whittle away at our rights and free- healthcare from the Oval Office. keep our kids safe from toxic pollut- doms as Americans. I want to talk His biggest attack yet is Judge ants, protecting our drinking water, or about that for a bit as well, but I want Kavanaugh—an extremely conservative preventing health problems in senior to take some time first to talk about a nominee vetted by those same right- citizens—the ones those special inter- nominee who would sit above those cir- wing special interests who President est groups try to call pesky regulations cuit court nominees in our Nation’s Trump is so determined to keep happy, and what the rest of us moms, grand- Supreme Court and who, if confirmed, a judge who those special interests mothers, and ordinary people call com- would overturn Roe v. Wade, eliminate picked because they know he will help monsense protections. protections for patients with pre- them undermine affordable healthcare But it is apparently not enough just existing conditions, reverse settled law from the Supreme Court Bench. to attack our environment for the ad- and precedent, and give these extreme I believed President Trump when he ministration. If you really want to circuit court nominees even more room said he was determined to undermine shape our Nation’s environmental laws to do damage to our Constitution, our patients’ healthcare in order to satisfy for generations to come, you put some- laws, our freedoms, and our way of life. rightwing special interests. Healthcare one on the Supreme Court for life who It is telling that President Trump coverage, especially for people with will consistently side with the massive and his Republican and special-interest preexisting conditions, is on the line corporations and special interests that allies are desperately trying to make with this nomination, and we cannot put profits ahead of the health and the case that Judge Kavanaugh isn’t afford not to take this threat seriously. well-being of families, and, boy, did well outside the mainstream, far out- That is not the only healthcare issue those CEOs and special interests hit side the bounds of reasonable, and under threat. President Trump said he the jackpot with President Trump’s deeply opposed to what people across would appoint Supreme Court Justices nominee. the country want when it comes to vetted by these groups for their will- You don’t have to spend long looking their rights and freedoms being pro- ingness to overturn Roe v. Wade. He at Judge Kavanaugh’s record to see tected. They may try, but they will not said women should be punished for hav- that, should he be seated, nearly five succeed because the record is clear and ing an abortion. In office, he and Vice decades of environmental protection the facts are clear. Judge Kavanaugh is President MIKE PENCE have done vir- are at risk, including the protections an extreme pick who would be dev- tually everything they can to restrict enshrined in the Clean Air Act, which astating for our country if he is con- women’s access to healthcare and to has significantly cut the smog, soot, firmed, and we need to do everything chip away at women’s constitutionally and chemicals that choked commu- we can to stop it. protected reproductive rights. Unless nities prior to 1970 and prevented hun- So I am standing here right now, on women and men across the country dreds of thousands of premature deaths behalf of the families in my home stand up to stop them, they will suc- and cases of heart disease in the years State of Washington and across this ceed in putting another Supreme Court sense. country, to be very clear about what is Justice who has the ideological Also at risk is the Clean Water Act, at stake if President Trump and his rightwing’s stamp of approval when it which, if erased, would take us back to enablers continue to try to turn our ju- comes to striking down Roe. the bad old days before commonsense dicial system into one that works for There is no sugarcoating this. We are protections—like when the Cuyahoga massive corporations and special inter- on the precipice of five men voting to River was so polluted that it caught ests and against regular families. overturn a historic ruling that has fire; when shellfish beds were closed in Earlier today, a number of my col- made women healthier and made them Puget Sound, nearly decimated by pol- leagues stood in this spot to sound the more equal and more free in the United lutants; or when an estimated 20 mil- alarm on what is at stake for our envi- States. We cannot let that happen. lion gallons of sewage effluent flowed ronment and our public health if the Those are two issues that so many of into Lake Washington every single balance of this Court swings toward us are focused on, and they are so im- day. President Trump and his extreme spe- portant, but they are far from the only I could go on and on about the strides cial interests. I want to expand on ones. Another key issue I want to brief- our country has made to keep our fam- those concerns, and I want to talk ly mention today is the rights and free- ilies safe, but the bottom line is that about just a few of the many issues doms of our LGBTQ friends, coworkers, because of our landmark environ- that Judge Kavanaugh would impact neighbors, and fellow Americans. We mental laws—like the Clean Water Act should he be confirmed and how awful have made progress, but there are and the Clean Air Act—our rivers are this would be for our families, commu- many questions and cases in this area cleaner, our air is easier to breathe,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.008 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5033 and families are better protected than and special interests to tilt the scales Yet, at the same time, Judge ever before. of justice in their favor. Kavanaugh has taken a far more ex- Though we have a lot of work yet to I would urge my colleagues who pansive interpretation of the Second do, it would be a grave mistake to go claim to care about the rights and eco- Amendment and has vigorously argued backward, and that is just what so nomic security of working families to that assault weapon bans are unconsti- many people fear would happen with join me in rejecting this nomination tutional. His position is far more ex- Judge Kavanaugh on the Bench, given and put the power back into the hands treme than even the late Justice his past rulings and given the test that of working families and the middle Scalia. It is no wonder the NRA imme- President Trump applied and his com- class. diately applauded Judge Kavanaugh’s mitment to only nominate someone This point is especially potent given nomination and has pledged now to screened and approved by the extreme the disgrace we witnessed in Helsinki. spend untold amounts to seal the deal right, especially his stance that could Every American should be deeply con- on his confirmation. take decisions away from our Nation’s cerned about President Trump putting Those are just a few issues weighing scientists and nonpartisan profes- someone on the Supreme Court who is on so many people’s minds right now. I sionals and put those decisions into the prepared to protect him from legal at- could go on about what is at stake if hands of special interests. tack and do his bidding. President Trump turns his White That takes me to another issue I As we all watch, many of us in horror House, and potentially now the judicial want to run through briefly: making and dismay, as President Trump con- system, into one that favors the power- sure our elections in this country are tinues to do everything in his power to ful few. free and accessible and that corpora- try and discredit the Mueller investiga- I would like to close by saying there tions don’t have a louder voice in our tion, we cannot forget, for a moment, are few things I take as seriously as a process than ordinary voters. These are that his Supreme Court nominee sug- Senator than my duty to consider and issues where our courts have failed to gested in a 2009 law review article that vote on a Supreme Court nominee. In serve us well in recent years, but by a sitting President should not be sub- my time in the Senate, I have had the confirming Judge Kavanaugh, we jected to criminal investigation or opportunity to consider nominees from would be cementing this awful pattern civil or criminal litigation. Democrats and nominees from Repub- Does anyone think, for one second, for a generation and making necessary licans. I voted for some of them, I this isn’t something President Trump reform so much more difficult. voted against some of them, each on was looking for? Is there anyone who Judge Kavanaugh will continue his their merits, and each based on how I has seen how President Trump has habit of ruling to make it harder and think they would serve. acted, listened to what he said who harder for citizens to vote and have a This time is different. We know ex- thinks he is not thinking about what voice in this democracy. We know this. actly where President Trump’s Su- happens if something related to this in- We saw how he ruled in favor of strict- preme Court nominee will fall on the vestigation goes to the Supreme Court? er voter ID laws—ones where the inten- President Trump controls the White specific issues, no matter what vague tion to make it harder for Americans House. His Republicans control both answers Judge Kavanaugh chooses to to vote was clear and absolutely the Houses of Congress. The last thing we deliver through this process. Why do we know this? Because Presi- wrong way to go. We cannot have a Su- need, the last thing any American who dent Trump told us openly, publicly, preme Court that continues to allow truly cares about our country should voter suppression. want is to place the last remaining and repeatedly. The President laid out So I ask my colleagues: If you believe branch—the final branch intended to be specific tests and promised to only that voting in our country should be independent, to put our Constitution pick nominees from a prescreened list open to all and that people shouldn’t first—into the hands of a Trump lack- of people who would absolutely meet have less access to the voting booth be- ey. That would be awful. It would them. Nobody should be fooled. Judge cause of where they live or the color of eliminate even the pretense of checks their skin, join me in rejecting this and balances. If Judge Kavanaugh is Kavanaugh is a rubberstamp. He will nominee and demanding someone who confirmed, with his record and given stand with special interests over fami- will protect our elections and our de- what we know about President Trump, lies, and he will take our country in mocracy. If you believe that Citizens that is exactly what would happen. the wrong direction. United was an awful decision that per- If you believe we should be taking I urge my colleagues, stand with me verted the First Amendment and put the Russian election interference into in rejecting Judge Kavanaugh’s nomi- shameful amounts of power into the U.S. elections seriously, join me in re- nation and join me in calling on Presi- hands of the mega rich and the biggest jecting this nominee and demanding dent Trump to send us someone who corporations, join me in rejecting this someone who would be truly inde- would stand with women, with our nominee and demanding someone who pendent and place an appropriate check workers, with our families, and who would put our ordinary voters first. on Executive power. would truly commit to respecting set- If we can’t stem the flow of dark, un- If you believe a President is not tled law and the rights and freedoms accountable money in politics, and re- above the law, join me in rejecting this we all hold dear and the longstanding verse the tide of the wealthiest Ameri- nominee and demanding someone who protections that help keep our families cans and biggest corporations being al- will take our Constitution and our ju- safe and healthy. lowed to have the loudest voices in our dicial independence seriously. I yield the floor. elections, we are going to keep running If you believe Executive power is not The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- into massive challenges as a nation. unilateral and that real checks and ator from Nevada. Without a Supreme Court willing to do balances are required, join me in re- NOMINATION OF RYAN BOUNDS that, without rejecting Judge jecting this nominee and demanding Ms. CORTEZ MASTO. Mr. President, Kavanaugh and demanding someone someone who will clearly and un- I rise to speak out in opposition to the else, we can’t do that. Giving the most equivocally make sure that continues nomination of Ryan Bounds to sit on powerful among us an advantage in our to be a reality. the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth elections is not the only way Judge Finally, I want to highlight Judge Circuit. Kavanaugh is working for those at the Kavanaugh’s troubling record on com- I will be voting against his confirma- top, and I want to briefly discuss an- monsense gun safety. This is an issue tion, and I ask all of my colleagues to other. that certainly hit close to home for far do the same. My reason for this is not Last month’s Janus decision made it too many people in recent years. just the fact that in expressing his dis- clear that workers and their unions Churches, schools, concerts, it seems dain for multicultural values in a se- need a fair voice on the Supreme Court. like no place is immune to the rampant ries of college writings, he compared Unfortunately, Judge Kavanaugh has a gun violence happening in the country, efforts to build tolerance and promote long record of weakening worker pro- which is why millions of Americans diversity to Nazi book burning; it is tections, undermining union rights, have taken to the streets in recent not just the fact that he advocated and making it easier for corporations months to demand action. against policies designed to make

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.009 S18JYPT1 S5034 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 LGBTQ students feel welcome and Turkey who want to come into a Chris- hearing he was told that he is going to crack down on campus rapists; it is not tian church to do just that. He has a continue to be in prison until they just the fact that when a bipartisan ju- small church in Izmir. You can only have another hearing in October, and dicial selection committee asked him seat about 100 people in it, and he that hearing is scheduled for about 4 to disclose past controversies, he delib- didn’t even have that when he started days short of 2 years that he has spent erately misled the committee and said his missionary work. time in a Turkish prison. there was nothing to worry about. I should say he is from the Black He has been in prison for 649 days. He Now that his controversial writings Mountain area of North Carolina. He is in good spirits—as good as you can have come to light, he refuses to re- was part of the same church that Rev. imagine for somebody who is enduring tract or show remorse for his state- Billy Graham was a part of. He went to the trauma of being imprisoned, I ments. Instead, he brushes them off as Turkey to really pursue his passion think, unlawfully and unfairly. overbroad and overheated. and serve in Christ through missionary His wife Norine is in Turkey. She re- Ryan Bounds’ writings show he does work. fuses to leave because she is afraid if not believe in a tolerant and diverse In 2016, after the coup attempt, Presi- she leaves Turkey, Turkey will not America, where women and people of dent Erdogan implemented emergency allow her to come back into the coun- color are treated with equal respect. In powers, and he swept up thousands of try. my eyes, that alone disqualifies him people and put them in prison. Pastor They have been separated from their from sitting on the Federal bench, but Brunson was in a Turkish prison for al- three children for 2 years because they Bounds has not received the blue-slip most 19 months without charges— are afraid to have them come into the approval of either Senator from his about 17 months in a cell that was de- country and not be able to leave. home State of Oregon. No judge in signed for 8 prisoners that had 21 peo- I am asking the Members of Congress modern history has ever been con- ple in it. to join with me to apply pressure on firmed without a blue slip from either I was in Turkey about 4 months ago— Turkey to have justice done. Justice is home State Senator. when I first met Pastor Brunson per- releasing Pastor Brunson and letting So a vote to confirm him is a direct sonally—to visit him in prison to let him come back home. attack on the Senate’s constitutional him know that as long as I am in the We have provisions in the National responsibility to advise and consent. U.S. Senate, I am going to work hard Defense Authorization Act that send a The blue-slip process is a critical func- for his ultimate release. very clear message to Turkey that we Then I went back about 6 weeks tion of the legislative branch. It gives are serious about this. every Senator a chance to have a say later, and I sat in a Turkish courtroom I have my own concerns about Tur- in the Federal judges who serve in for about 12 hours, and I heard some of key because they seem to be drifting their home State. the most absurd charges that could away as a NATO ally and partner and The nominee to the U.S. Court of Ap- ever be levied against someone to keep more toward a position I don’t quite peals for the Ninth Circuit will have a them in prison for what will now be understand. I certainly don’t under- lifetime tenure. If confirmed, Ryan going on 2 years. I told Pastor Brunson stand it in terms of our mutual inter- Bounds will have influence over our I would be back, and I will continue to ests as NATO allies or as economic legal system for the rest of his life. be back, until justice is served. partners. Don’t the American people and their I don’t want to get into too many of elected officials deserve a say in the details so I will tell you he was in But for right now, I want to focus on whether he should be allowed to fill a courtroom today for another 5 hours. a man who has been in prison for 649 that seat? If it bore any resemblance to the time days. I want to focus on other people This debate is not just about one un- I was in the courtroom, it goes some- who worked with the Embassy who qualified judge and his racist ideas. It thing like this: The defense gets to say have been in prison for about the same is about the duty of the legislative nothing. They don’t get to introduce time. I want to focus on a NASA sci- branch to serve as a check and balance witnesses to testify on his behalf. You entist who happened to be visiting his on the President. Over the course of have secret witnesses, many of them in family in Turkey—he is a Turkish the Trump administration so far, we a Turkish prison, testifying against American—who has been in prison for 1 have seen an unprecedented attempt to him about things like a daughter post- 2 ⁄2 years. We have to educate the undermine the blue-slip process and ing a meal she had on a social media American people on a Turkey that has pack the courts with judges favored by application that the Turkish authori- no resemblance today of what it was corporations and special interests. ties believe linked her to terror be- just 5 or 6 years ago. I urge my colleagues to take a stand cause they believe it is a meal certain I want to have a positive working re- against President Trump’s attacks on terrorist organizations like. It also lationship with Turkey. I want in- our legal system. Protect the integrity happens to be a meal that a lot of peo- creased economic ties and increased of the blue-slip process and vote ple in the Middle East like, but that military ties. But when you illegally against Ryan Bounds’ nomination. The was a charge that suggested he was in- imprison American citizens, no matter power and independence of the legisla- volved in a coup attempt or conspiring how important that strategic relation- ture is at stake. with terrorists. ship is, at some point we have to ques- I yield the floor. Having a light on in a church—by the tion whether or not we can go further. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- way, in a room that doesn’t have a win- In the meantime, if any of you are ator from North Carolina. dow—that was supposedly observed by planning on going to Turkey, I would CALLING FOR THE RELEASE OF PASTOR ANDREW one of these secret witnesses who are think twice. Make sure that you don’t BRUNSON in prison, saying: Well, clearly if there take a picture of somebody that maybe Mr. TILLIS. Mr. President, I think was a light on in this church, nothing Turkish officials think is involved in a last week or the week before, you were good could have happened because it coup, because that can sweep you up in presiding when I did a speech that I was in the middle of the night. Maybe it. Make sure that you don’t eat a meal promised I am going to do every week somebody just left the light switch on, that other segments of Turkish society we are in session until justice is served but I am still trying to figure out how like, because that may make you a in Turkey. they actually saw it because I have coup conspirator. It is a speech about this man. His been in that room, and there is not a I hope that we solve this problem, name is Pastor Andrew Brunson. He single window. There is no way you but I will tell you that there are very was arrested in Turkey in October of could have seen it from the outside. few things that would ever take me 2016. If you want to sum up his crime, Those are the types of charges that away from coming to this floor and it is for being a missionary. He has have been used to keep Pastor Brunson going into committee meetings and been in Turkey for about 20 years, has in prison since October of 2016. doing everything I can to put pressure served the community well, has pro- Today, he was back, as I said earlier, on Turkey until Pastor Andrew vided aid and comfort to Syrian refu- in a hearing in a Turkish courtroom Brunson is back in this country safe gees, has provided a place for people in for 5 hours. At the end of the 5-hour and sound with his family. Then I will

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.011 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5035 continue to work on all the other peo- tana’s No. 1 industry, agriculture. is not the right direction to go. We can ple who are being unfairly and unjustly Montana’s grain producers produce get their attention by other ways. held in Turkish prisons. about $2 billion worth of wheat, barley, I would also say that these tariffs We need to have justice for Pastor pulse crops, and oil seeds every year. aren’t just felt by farmers and ranch- Brunson. We need Turkey to be the Since the middle of June, the price of ers. They are felt by other businesses ally that we want them to be, and we No. 1 Dark Northern Spring wheat in too. For builders, for example, their need President Erdogan to show the southeastern Montana has fallen more costs are going up. In 2016, the voters of leadership and the compassion to bring than 60 cents a bushel. That is more Missoula, MT, approved a $30 million Pastor Brunson home. than 10 percent, and the same can be bond to build a new city library. They Thank you, Mr. President. said throughout the State of Montana. started the project, but tariffs on steel The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- To put that in perspective, just think sent material costs soaring. Now the ator from Montana. what would happen in your business if cost of rebar alone has increased the TARIFFS your prices were reduced by 10 percent cost of the project by $100,000. Library Mr. TESTER. Mr. President, I rise right off the top. It would put you in a officials have told me that as a direct today to talk about tariffs and their world of financial hurt, and that is result of these tariffs, they are pre- impact on Montana’s family farmers where Montana’s farms and ranches are paring with a need to go out and raise and businesses. In Montana we have today. If prices continue to plummet, another $500,000 to finish this project. more than 27,000 family farms and some of these families who have been The people of our State have to pay ranches. Folks who farm and ranch on the land for over 100 years will be that price. these lands are descendants of home- forced to make some very difficult de- One of Montana’s fastest growing in- steaders and pioneers, including my- cisions in the next 6 to 8 months. dustries is microbreweries. It is a real self. They are also young producers These tariffs are eliminating pro- success story, employing a lot of folks who may be preparing for their first ducers’ access to foreign markets— and adding value to grains in our harvest. Might I add that we don’t have markets that are in Asia and Europe State. They are being hit hard by tar- enough young producers in our State. and markets in Canada and Mexico. In iffs on aluminum. These emerging busi- The population of farmers is getting Montana, we sell our grains and our nesses have no other option but to pass far too old. beef to these countries and others: that cost on to their patrons. These folks work 7 days a week, for China, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, So we are paying both ways, folks. long hours, to raise the food that feeds Pacific Rim countries, and European We are paying on the tariffs coming in, our families across this world, and they Union countries. These exports didn’t and we are paying on the tariffs being power our rural economies in this just pop up overnight. They came to put on our products going out. country. Farmers and ranchers are fruition after years of hard work, good In agribusiness, for example, every- small business operators and owners faith and trust, and negotiations. thing that is made of steel is going up who are always on tight margins and Negotiations and trust are being and going up significantly. From I- always are looking to make sure that thrown out the window with these tar- beams to cattle guards, to posts for they can make the books balance by iff fights. In some cases—Japan, for ex- fencing, to metal for storage bins, any- being on the positive side of the ledger. ample—it has taken multiple genera- thing made out of steel is going up sig- Why? So they can keep their farms and tions to establish these export mar- nificantly. Manufacturers who have ranches viable to be able to have the kets. If we lose them, it will take many been on the rebound since the 2008 fi- next generation take over their oper- generations to get them back. Coun- nancial crisis now have a hard time ation. Just like any other business—a tries such as Argentina and Russia are bidding contracts on materials. Less of local bar or a hardware store—you need circling the markets like sharks, want- their money is going into their pock- to be able to make a profit to stay in ing to strike the minute we lose a grip ets, if there is any left at all, because business. on them to fill those voids. of these tariffs. Every sector of our Producers need to make sure that Take, for instance, Mexico. Mexico is economy is feeling the pinch of this es- they have predictability in input the largest importer of Montana barley calating trade war. costs—we are talking about fertilizers, in the world. For years, Mexico bought Fair trade is really important. Get- fuel, and seed—and predictability in Montana’s barley to be able to make ting manufacturing back to this coun- markets, the places where we sell our beers, like Corona and others. These try is really important, but it doesn’t grain, which has always been a chal- tariffs have put those markets at risk appear that we are doing those things. lenge and which has become more of a to the point that one Mexican barley Instead, we are putting our existing challenge over the past 6 months. When buyer told one of the folks from the businesses—whether it is in production farmers plant a crop, they need to barley association of Montana: I don’t or agriculture, construction or manu- know there is a market for that crop, know that we can depend on America facturing—at risk with these trade because if there is not, it can put them to supply our barley anymore because wars. in a world of hurt financially. these tariffs have put our markets at We should have open markets. Those Unfortunately, in Montana, we are risk. markets need to go in both directions, preparing to harvest winter wheat As a result, Mexico, which is a huge but we shouldn’t be driving people into crops as we speak. Spring wheat crops importer of American wheat, just this bankruptcy in the meantime. That is will soon be coming, pulse crops will last spring turned toward Argentina what is happening. soon be coming, and oil seeds will soon for their wheat for the first time ever. I ask: What is the end game? If this be coming. The fact is that there is no They signed a contract for Argentine trade war continues, I had an ag bank- certainty in any of those crops right wheat to take the place of the wheat er tell me that family farms and ranch- now. Why? Because our farmers and from this country, of which Montana is ers have about 18 months before they our ranchers are being used as pawns in a part and will no longer be supplying. have to start liquidating. That is the a trade war that I can guarantee not The real question is, How long is this reality we are facing, and that is not one of them asked for. going to have to go on? We are faced very long. This trade war is eliminating access with enough uncertainties in produc- That is the reason why this body to foreign markets that have taken tion and agriculture with weather, needs to understand that we need to generations to develop and putting drought, hail, bugs, and disease. The send strong messages to the adminis- family farm and ranch operations in a list goes on. Unfortunately, this is a tration that they can’t use farms, financial pinch—such a severe financial manmade problem. ranches, and small businesses as bar- pinch that we haven’t seen anything I get it. I think the President is right gaining chips. Their livelihoods are on like it since the 1980s, when we saw a when he talks about holding China ac- the line. mass exodus off the land due to bad ag countable. They have stolen a lot of in- Earlier this month, I hosted a round- prices. tellectual property. They manipulate table discussion on tariffs at the Bil- The retaliatory tariffs against family their currency. But to put on tariffs lings Chamber of Commerce. I was able farmers and ranchers is harming Mon- where retaliation comes on ag products to meet Montanans eyeball to eyeball,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.012 S18JYPT1 S5036 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 and I heard their concerns. This is not season tickets on his credit card—hor- the Federal Government have made a political issue. These tariffs aren’t ror of horrors. Multiple fact-checkers their way through his court, and he has targeted toward Democrats or Repub- have debunked each of these claims, so written opinions—majority opinions licans. They are targeted at everyone. they have moved on. and dissenting opinions—which have Ag producers at this moment in time More recently, we have heard from all been reviewed by the U.S. Supreme are probably carrying the majority of some of our Democratic colleagues Court. I submit that would be the best the load. It needs to stop before the that they want to review every single evidence of what kind of Justice he damage is irreversible. piece of paper—every email, every would be on the Supreme Court. What My grandparents homesteaded the memo, every document that has passed kind of judge has he been on the DC land that we farm and lived through across Brett Kavanaugh’s desk at any Circuit? That is the best evidence. the 1930s. My folks, who took over the point in his career. We shouldn’t indulge requests for land, took the farm over in the early Reviewing relevant and important these fishing expeditions and paper 1940s and lived through a lot of hard documents is a perfectly normal part of chases that will lead to nothing other times themselves. My wife and I took confirming a judicial nominee, but than delay. It is important that the the farm over in the late 1970s, and we using that as an excuse to delay, foot- vetting process be deliberative and saw what happened in the 1980s. We drag, and obstruct is not acceptable. thorough, and it will be. But the vol- have seen what happens in agriculture, We know that the effort to get every ume of documents requested shouldn’t where so many of the folks can’t make memo from the Bush White House dur- be just a pretext to draw this out for it on the farm anymore, and they have ing the time he served as Staff Sec- political purposes. to have jobs off the farm to be able to retary there is really laughable and is Here is an important factoid: Nearly make the books balance. only a fishing expedition designed to half of the Democratic caucus has al- These tariffs are making things hard- delay his confirmation until after the ready said that they will vote no on er. We have been down difficult paths Supreme Court begins its work the Judge Kavanaugh’s confirmation to the in this country before. I don’t believe first Monday in October. Supreme Court. Are they going to be we can afford another punch to the gut For example, as Staff Secretary, he requesting documents? Are they going in rural America. I will continue to would have had the responsibility to to be saying ‘‘Well, I want to look at fight for and defend the folks who put basically manage the paper flow across everything that came across his desk’’ food on our table, but their bottom the President’s desk. These aren’t just when they have already announced lines are being severely, severely im- documents that he, himself, has gen- their public opposition? pacted by this trade war. erated. In fact, I suspect that with the Five of them announced their opposi- Now look, the legislation we passed overwhelming majority of them, he tion before Judge Kavanaugh was even last week is a start. The Senate version would have had nothing to do with cre- named. In other words, they would op- of the farm bill provides a safety net, ating them. He wouldn’t be the author. pose anyone who is nominated by this but I am here to state that if things He wouldn’t be making policy rec- President. We saw an attempt to fili- continue to go south for our markets, ommendations. Basically, he would buster the nomination of Neil Gorsuch we are going to be faced with a bill have navigated all of the documents to the Supreme Court, which resulted that dumps a bunch of money into pro- that went across the President’s desk in the change of the precedent. We low- duction agriculture to keep these folks to make sure that they had been re- ered the number of votes to close off afloat. Why? Because of tariffs that are viewed by the appropriate person and debate from 60 votes to 51 votes be- being put on ag products. It doesn’t that they would have been checked for cause we realized that some across the have to be this way. accuracy. The ideas that every single aisle were so determined to vote We are an equal branch of govern- piece of paper that went across Presi- against any nominee of this Presi- ment. I believe that both Republicans dent George W. Bush’s desk should be dent—no matter how well qualified— and Democrats can work on this issue somehow relevant and that we should there was no way we could confirm a in a commonsense way, especially in delay confirmation until we have all well-qualified candidate. So we this body. The administration needs to had a chance to read it are ridiculous. changed that. understand that if they keep con- Is what President Bush had for dinner Both Justices Sotomayor and tinuing down this war of who can put 14 years ago relevant to Judge Gorsuch were confirmed just 66 days the most tariffs on products, we are Kavanaugh’s fitness to serve on the Su- after they were nominated. In the case going to have a hard time keeping our preme Court? Obviously not. of Judge Kavanaugh, if that same time- businesses afloat, particularly our fam- Just as, in 2010, the committee quick- table held up, we would be voting on ily farms and ranches in this country. ly processed Justice Kagan, who spent his confirmation about September 13— That will not help with food security many years in the Clinton White well in advance of the October deadline for our country, and the long-term neg- House, I am confident we can expedi- when the Court reconvenes. We will ative impacts of that are unacceptable. tiously and efficiently review Judge have plenty of time to thoroughly vet I yield the floor. Kavanaugh’s relevant background ma- this nominee in a similar timeframe, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ma- terials to make sure the vote on his which is consistent with the confirma- jority whip. confirmation occurs before the Su- tion process for both Republican and NOMINATION OF BRETT KAVANAUGH preme Court reconvenes in October. Democratic Presidents. Mr. CORNYN. Mr. President, it has Under Chairman GRASSLEY’s leader- I had the good fortune to sit down been a little more than a week since ship, the Judiciary Committee will with Judge Kavanaugh last week and President Trump announced his nomi- work to produce as many documents as to renew my acquaintance with him, nation of Judge Brett Kavanaugh to are relevant and possible so that every which first occurred in 2000. As I have fill the vacancy on the Supreme Court Senator can do their due diligence. An recounted here on the floor, when I was left by the impending retirement of important part of our constitutional attorney general of Texas, I had the Justice Anthony Kennedy. In that responsibility is to provide advice and privilege to argue a case in front of the short period of time, we have seen consent, as the Constitution itself U.S. Supreme Court. As one of the best some of our friends across the aisle run says. qualified appellate lawyers in the coun- through an almost impressive set of The most important thing to remem- try, having clerked on the Supreme rhetorical calisthenics in an attempt ber is that unlike the Kagan nomina- Court, as well, he was one of the law- to tank Judge Kavanaugh’s confirma- tion, we have 12 years of service on the yers who helped me get ready for that tion before it even had a chance to bench by Judge Kavanaugh. He served oral argument. begin. on the DC Circuit Court of Appeals in I had a chance not only to get to ‘‘He will overturn this case or this what has often been called the second know him in 2000 but to follow his ca- law,’’ they claim. ‘‘He will not be a most important court in the Nation be- reer on the DC Circuit Court of Ap- check on the President,’’ they have cause it is located in the District of Co- peals. He has consistently impressed tried to say. They have even suggested lumbia. Most of the major cases involv- me with his thoughtfulness, his delib- that he charged too much for baseball ing huge policy disputes confronting erativeness, his outstanding legal and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.013 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5037 academic credentials, and, of course, Office of Legal Counsel, who issue au- of grave concern to me, especially with his experience on the DC Circuit Court thoritative guidance for the Depart- an eminently qualified nominee. They of Appeals. He was candid and open, ment of Justice. And then, of course, are casting about looking for some- professional and impressive. he served as a law clerk for Justice thing—really, anything—to stop Judge I hope all of our colleagues will meet Alito on the Supreme Court. Kavanaugh’s confirmation. with Judge Kavanaugh to see for them- Following a period of private prac- Because Democrats want political selves. I have been told that he has tice, the State of Texas came calling, judges, they politicize the confirma- been making calls to some Democratic and Andy became a deputy solicitor tion process. This is what they did to Senators’ offices, and they refuse to see general in the office of the Texas attor- oppose Justice Neil Gorsuch when he him at all. ney general; then it was Greg Abbott, was nominated. They took a few cases He is an accomplished jurist who will whom he later followed to the Gov- out of the thousands he had decided fairly and faithfully apply the law as ernor’s office, where he now serves as and distorted what he had said. They written and adhere to the text of the Governor Abbott’s general counsel. attacked him as being unfit to serve. Constitution, as judges are obligated to On behalf of the State of Texas, Andy They said he was unqualified to be a do, and leave the policymaking and the has argued two cases before the U.S. Justice, but Justice Gorsuch had an politics to the Congress and the execu- Supreme Court and filed countless unassailable record as a principled ju- tive branch. I look forward to con- briefs in support of the State. Because rist on the Federal bench. tinuing our vetting process and voting of his background and experience, We fought back against the misrepre- to confirm Judge Kavanaugh this fall— Andy has earned bipartisan support, re- sentations, the caricatures, and the ex- well in advance of the October term of ceiving recommendations from the aggerations, and the American people the Supreme Court. general counsel to the Obama Founda- saw through the Democrats’ ruse. They On a separate note, Mr. President, tion, as well as the Texas attorney gen- saw the kind of Justice Neil Gorsuch this afternoon, we will vote to confirm eral’s office. would be—a Justice who says what the another accomplished legal mind, Andy In his confirmation hearing before law is, not what he wants it to be, a Oldham, to the Federal Court of Ap- the Judiciary Committee, Andy spoke Justice who respects the separation of peals for the Fifth Circuit, which in- about his transition from a role as an powers, a Justice who will stand up to cludes Texas. advocate to that of a jurist. He ex- the executive and legislative branches Andy will join two other judges plained how he views the role of a ju- when they overreach. I believe the whom we have already confirmed in rist as ‘‘fundamentally different,’’ American people will see the same the Fifth Circuit earlier this year: Don which it is. thing when they look at Judge Willett, a former member of the Texas He went on to say that ‘‘the oath of Kavanaugh. Supreme Court, and Jim Ho, my former a jurist is simply to administer justice The debate over Judge Kavanaugh’s chief counsel, someone with impec- impartially, to do equal right by rich confirmation should be a debate over cable legal credentials. They are al- and poor, and to discharge justice in an his qualifications. Does he understand ready on the Fifth Circuit. I am de- equal and fair manner.’’ This is exactly the proper role of a judge under our lighted that Andy Oldham will be join- the type of judge we should want serv- Constitution? Does he have the experi- ing them. ing on our courts—someone who is im- ence needed? Will he respect our Con- As we like to say in Texas, Andy partial, not someone who will push for stitution and the rule of law? wasn’t born there, but he got there as a particular ideology or political agen- With hundreds of opinions, Judge fast as he could. He grew up in Rich- da on the bench. I believe Andy will Kavanaugh has built a reputation as mond, VA, where his parents instilled follow this philosophy of impartially being one of the most respected and in- within him a sense of hard work. His and fairly administering the law. fluential judges in the entire country. father put himself through college, and Andy spent all but 3 years of his ca- His incisive reasoning has led the Su- his mother was one of the first women reer in public service, and he has advo- preme Court to adopt his positions in to attend the University of Virginia. cated on behalf of Texans for many at least 12 cases. Following their examples, Andy at- years. I am confident he will continue Fidelity to the Constitution and to tended the University of Virginia and to serve them and the rest of the coun- the rule of law are hallmarks of his was awarded the prestigious title of try well, and I look forward to sup- opinions. Importantly, his vast body of Jefferson Scholar. While he was at porting his nomination this afternoon. work shows a deep commitment to the UVA, he helped found an advocacy The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. separation of powers. His opinions dem- group to prevent sexual assault. His ERNST). The Senator from Utah. onstrate his commitment to the prin- group was particularly focused on edu- NOMINATION OF BRETT KAVANAUGH ciple that judges should interpret the cating young men on their responsibil- Mr. HATCH. Madam President, I rise law, not make it. ities when it comes to sexual violence. today to discuss the confirmation proc- Judge Kavanaugh should be asked From there, he attended the Univer- ess for Brett Kavanaugh. By any hon- questions about his rulings and his ap- sity of Cambridge as a Truman Schol- est measure, President Trump’s nomi- proach to the law. As a judge, he has ar, graduated with first class honors, nee, Judge Kavanaugh, is exceptionally developed a reputation for his prepara- and then went to law school at Har- well qualified to serve on the Supreme tion in court. I have no doubt that he vard—very impressive academic cre- Court. When he was nominated to the can stand up under the most rigorous dentials. DC Circuit, he already had stellar cre- questioning. During law school, he helped rep- dentials, a keen intellect, and an im- Yet what we have seen so far is a mix resent a death row inmate in a habeas pressive knowledge of the law. He was of hyperbole, mudslinging, and distor- corpus petition and won a temporary confirmed to the DC Circuit Court in tion. Attacks aimed at Judge stay of execution in the U.S. Supreme 2006, following years of Democratic ob- Kavanaugh have not focused on wheth- Court. Based on Andy’s hard work, the struction. I have followed his work er he is qualified to serve. They have then-Governor of Virginia, who is now closely on that court for over a decade. not focused on whether he understands a Member of the Senate, commuted the His judicial record never ceases to im- the role of a judge. They have not fo- defendant’s sentence to life without pa- press. cused on how he will interpret the Con- role based upon Andy’s legal represen- A nominee with such a sterling rep- stitution and the laws passed by Con- tation. utation should receive wide bipartisan gress. When it comes to what we should After law school, he went on to clerk support. But over the years, I have be asking about a nominee, what we for Judge Sentelle on the DC Circuit seen firsthand the deterioration of the have seen so far is not even in the ball- Court of Appeals, which I spoke about judicial confirmation process. When park. in connection with Brett Kavanaugh. Justice Kennedy announced his retire- After scouring Judge Kavanaugh’s fi- Then he served as an attorney to the ment, I knew the Democrats would, nancial disclosure, progressives Department of Justice’s Office of Legal again, play politics with the Supreme thought they had struck gold with a Counsel; that is, the lawyers for the Court. It is what they have done for shocking revelation that would, surely, lawyers at the Department of Justice’s more than three decades. It is a matter turn public opinion against him. So

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.015 S18JYPT1 S5038 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 what salacious scandal did they un- local charity to distribute food to the finest people I know. He is also one of cover? What damning evidence did they poor. His decision to keep his commit- the smartest. He is conservative—no find that would dash all hopes of con- ment to volunteer the week he was question about that—but he is honest. firmation? nominated to the Supreme Court says To me, these are some of the most im- The Presiding Officer is not going to more about Judge Kavanaugh than any portant keys to these judgeship posi- believe this, but they discovered that letter could. tions. I hope we get rid of the unjust Judge Kavanaugh enjoys America’s This overwrought reaction, sadly, representations against the judge. I pastime. That is right. Judge comes as no surprise. Crying wolf is the hope we will start treating the Senate Kavanaugh loves baseball—horrors. left’s trademark strategy in attempts like the great deliberative body it real- Honestly, I couldn’t believe it either. to sabotage Republican nominees. Back ly is. But wait. It gets worse. in 1990, a group that opposed then- I suggest the absence of a quorum. Not only does Judge Kavanaugh love nominee David Souter warned that he The PRESIDING OFFICER. The baseball, but he was once a season tick- was a threat to the ‘‘lives, health and clerk will call the roll. et holder at Nationals Park. OK, but livelihoods of millions of women and The bill clerk proceeded to call the here is the real kicker. Judge their families.’’ It wasn’t true then, roll. Kavanaugh bought those season tickets and it isn’t true now. Mr. BARRASSO. Madam President, I with a credit card—with a credit card I hope that the Senate can raise the ask unanimous consent that the order of all things. As was the Presiding Offi- level of debate as we consider the nom- for the quorum call be rescinded. cer, I was speechless too. I have been ination. In doing so, we should focus on The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without racking my brain all week trying to whether Judge Kavanaugh is qualified. objection, it is so ordered. figure out how a credit card-using base- I hope my Democratic colleagues can (The remarks of Mr. BARRASSO per- ball fan could slip through the cracks resist the temptation to politicize this taining to the introduction of S. 3229 of the White House’s vetting process. nomination as they have with others in are printed in today’s RECORD under Now, I am being facetious to prove a the past. Some of what we are seeing ‘‘Statements on Introduced Bills and point. We are only 9 days into the con- now has me worried. Joint Resolutions.’’) firmation process, and progressive op- We have also heard a lot from Demo- Mr. BARRASSO. I yield the floor. position is already beyond parody. crats about how important trans- I suggest the absence of a quorum. Of course, this is nothing new. Every- parency is to the confirmation process. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. thing we have seen so far comes di- Because of Judge Kavanaugh’s long HYDE-SMITH). The clerk will call the rectly from the Democrats’ playbook. record of public service to our Nation, roll. Throw every rumor, half-truth, and ex- the executive branch has been asked to The senior assistant legislative clerk aggeration at the nominee, and just see produce a large number of documents. proceeded to call the roll. what sticks. When nothing sticks, dou- Democrats have been demanding that Mr. BARRASSO. Madam President, I ble down on partisan attacks, take past they be given access to these docu- ask unanimous consent that the order statements out of context, ments as quickly as possible. for the quorum call be rescinded. mischaracterize his positions, and lob a Some of my colleagues have ex- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without hyperbolic Hail Mary if you have to. pressed shock that Deputy Attorney objection, it is so ordered. Do everything you can to denigrate, General Rod Rosenstein requested that NOMINATION OF BRETT KAVANAUGH disparage, and dehumanize the nomi- assistant U.S. attorneys help to review Mr. BARRASSO. Madam President, nee no matter his qualifications or these documents. The truth is that the last week, President Trump nominated character. Office of Legal Policy at the Justice Judge Brett Kavanaugh to serve on the If Democrats continue down this Department always assists with nomi- U.S. Supreme Court. People have begun path, we are going to lose all ability to nations, and that Office is composed looking over his extensive record, and debate matters of public importance. mostly of career attorneys. It is not he has been getting rave reviews We cannot expect that all debate will uncommon for attorneys from other of- around the country. Just look at a few be well reasoned, but opposition fices in the Justice Department to help of the headlines we have seen across should, at the very least, be rational. It with the review of nominations. the country. should never be hysterical. The rhet- The government attorneys at the De- The New York Times, July 10: ‘‘A oric used to oppose Judge Kavanaugh partment of Justice who work on nomi- conservative stalwart wins praise for crosses that line. nations are extraordinarily thorough. his intellect and civility.’’ The New Just last week, when speaking about Given the reportedly large number of York Times—it is astonishing. Judge Kavanaugh’s impressive resume, documents, it makes sense that to fa- The Wall Street Journal said: I said you could not knock Yale, Har- cilitate this process, the DOJ would ‘‘Trump’s nominee will be an intellec- vard, or Georgetown. Maybe I spoke seek extra help. tual leader on the bench.’’ too soon. Shortly after the announce- When we spoke last week, Judge The Detroit News said his record sug- ment that Judge Kavanaugh would be Kavanaugh said he was proud of his gests that ‘‘he will maintain a commit- the nominee, Yale Law School released opinions, and he hoped people would ment to interpreting the law as it is a statement with praise of Judge actually read them rather than just written, and not how he may wish it Kavanaugh from professors and admin- read about them. I think those who do had been crafted.’’ That is exactly istrators. that will be just as impressed by Judge what Americans should be looking for One professor even noted that ‘‘poli- Kavanaugh’s work as I am. I hope Sen- in a Supreme Court Justice because a tics have deeply harmed our Supreme ators will take the time to sit down judge’s job is to apply the law, not to Court nomination process,’’ but she with him. rewrite it. lauded Judge Kavanaugh as being a Judge Kavanaugh has spent more People looking at Judge Kavanaugh’s ‘‘true intellectual,’’ an ‘‘incomparable than 23 years in public service. As a record and reaching the conclusion mentor,’’ and a ‘‘fair-minded jurist who good man, a decent man, and an honest that he knows the right way to ap- believes in the rule of law.’’ She went man, Judge Kavanaugh is the type of proach this very important job. on to say that ‘‘he is humble, collegial, person we should all hope is nominated It is not just newspapers that are and cares deeply about the federal to a seat on the U.S. Supreme Court. saying wonderful things and singing courts.’’ That is why I am so pleased that Presi- the praise of Judge Kavanaugh; legal The response from some Yale Law dent Trump nominated Judge scholars are lining up to commend his School students, staff, and alumni was Kavanaugh. I intend to do everything I independence and his wisdom as a swift, forceful, uncompromising, and can to support his nomination, and I judge. Some of them are extremely lib- completely ridiculous: ‘‘People will die hope that all other Senators will do the eral people he has worked with over if he is confirmed.’’ As these Yale same. the years. They just respect him that alumni were feverishly opposing the We have to quit this mudslinging and much as a judge who they find has been nomination, Judge Kavanaugh was mischaracterizing of people’s char- devoted to the law and the Constitu- spotted volunteering his time with a acters. Judge Kavanaugh is one of the tion. Imagine that. That is what we

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.017 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5039 should expect in anybody who serves as one who takes the law and the Con- When you have someone with these a Justice on the Supreme Court. stitution at face value. qualifications, Senators ought to be A law professor from Yale wrote an The Constitution is a legal docu- looking at his record. They should look op-ed for the New York Times last ment, not a living document, and it at the 300 decisions he has written in 12 week titled ‘‘A liberal’s case for Brett was built for certainty. He knows that years on the bench. It is absolutely the Kavanaugh.’’ The professor called a judge’s job is to ‘‘interpret the law,’’ right thing to look at. They should Judge Kavanaugh ‘‘a superb nominee’’ not to legislate from the bench, ‘‘not to meet him and talk with him. and said that ‘‘it is hard to name any- make the law or make policy.’’ That is We have just begun this confirmation one with judicial credentials as strong what he actually said in a speech last hearing process. I hope that more as those of Judge Kavanaugh.’’ year. Democrats in the Senate will have an Another liberal law professor called He has an extremely strong intellect, open mind about this nominee. I hope him a ‘‘highly qualified mainstream and I can’t imagine there is anyone out they will consider the kind of person conservative judge.’’ He cited Judge there who can deny that. ‘‘It is we should have on the Supreme Court Kavanaugh’s reasoning as ‘‘an example daunting and humbling to be in front and then make their decisions about of the judging ideal, setting aside ide- of that brainpower’’—this is what one whether Judge Kavanaugh has those ology and party politics, and just try- of the lawyers who appeared before him qualities. From what I have seen, he ing to get the law right.’’ That is a lib- said. And he is a person of solid char- absolutely does. eral former law professor. He said acter. That is what we are hearing I plan to continue to look into his Judge Kavanaugh gives ‘‘an inde- from people who have known him over record and listen to people who know pendent judiciary the job it is supposed the years from being extremely active him best. I plan to sit down and talk to do: Interpret the law.’’ in the community. The New York with him. Everything I have seen so far There are lawyers who have appeared Times summarized it: ‘‘A conservative tells me that this is someone who is ex- before Judge Kavanaugh who said the stalwart wins praise for his intellect actly the kind of Justice we need on same things. I am not a lawyer, I and civility.’’ the Supreme Court. haven’t done these sorts of things, but So what is there for Democrats to I yield the floor. I understand there are surveys of law- come to the floor and object to? Why The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- yers who appear before judges in court, are they objecting to all of this? Why ator from Maryland. people who have won cases and people are some Democrats already saying NATIONAL SECURITY who have lost cases. They put up their they oppose a judge known for his in- Mr. CARDIN. Madam President, to ideas about what they thought about tellect and civility? They were actu- my colleagues, let me just say that we the judge afterward. ally saying it before he was even must speak out and act. Across the board, they called him named by President Trump. Whomever President Trump’s appearance with ‘‘an excellent judge.’’ They said that he President Trump names, they are going Russia’s President Putin—a U.S. Presi- ‘‘has a history of excellent legal argu- to vote no. It is astonishing to see dent capitulating to a strongman dic- ment and analysis,’’ someone who can Democrats making that decision. Then tator, unprecedented in American his- think intellectually, think clearly, and they are asking for reams and reams of tory—compromised America’s national come up with a legal argument and documents after they have already said security and brings into question analysis to make the assessment, to they are against Judge Kavanaugh. whether America can be relied upon as apply the law as written. One lawyer What are they looking for? It is amaz- the leader of the free world. actually said: ‘‘It is daunting and hum- ing. With Mr. Trump standing with Mr. bling to be in front of that brain- That is what I believe the big dif- Putin while he discredited America’s power.’’ This was an anonymous survey ference is between Republicans and investigation into Russian meddling— of lawyers who appear before Judge Democrats in Washington: Republican this is an American President, with a Kavanaugh. I don’t know if they won or Presidents choose judges and justices dictator, challenging the investigation lost, but people get to put in their to follow the law; Democratic Presi- being done against Russia—the Presi- opinions, winners and losers, after dents seem to pick judges and justices dent questioned the conclusions of U.S. cases in anonymous surveys. ‘‘It is who are guaranteed to push liberal intelligence agencies. He left unchal- daunting and humbling to be in front policies and liberal agendas, pre- lenged Mr. Putin’s lies and illegal mili- of that brainpower.’’ This wasn’t peo- conceived notions of how they should tary invasions. ple just trying to kiss up to the judge rule on a case before they hear the In short, Mr. Trump did Mr. Putin’s to win favor in a case; these are results facts. They know the way they are bidding. In Russia, they are smiling; at from people after the case who were going to go, maybe using things like the White House, they are scrambling. just telling it like it is. ‘‘Excellent emotion, sympathy, and empathy. The Congress must speak out and act. legal judgment,’’ they say. Constitution is a legal document. Congress must repudiate the Presi- If you look beyond the courtroom, Even though you have legal experts dent’s actions to make clear to the people are just as willing to talk about from around the political world and American people and the world that Judge Kavanaugh’s character as a per- around the spectrum of all sides of the Russia, directed by Mr. Putin, attacked son, not just a judge. That is part of aisle who praise his intellect and civil- our free election system in 2016 and it—to look at somebody’s legal philos- ity, it is not good enough for the lib- tried to tip the scales in favor of Mr. ophy, their intellect, and their char- eral activists in this country. They Trump. acter—when trying to assess a judge don’t even want to consider Judge Russia illegally invaded the sov- who has been nominated, to say: Is this Kavanaugh’s qualifications, and they ereign state of Ukraine and illegally person the right person to be a Justice have said it here on the floor of the annexed Crimea, which the United on the Supreme Court? Senate and on television, if you listen. States must make clear we will never The Washington Post even ran a They are already making opposition to recognize. Russia, under Mr. Putin, piece by a woman who knows Judge his nomination a liberal litmus test for murders its political opponents and Kavanaugh because he coaches her Democrats in this Senate, and I am journalists. Russia has interfered in daughter’s basketball team. She wrote sorry to say that more than a few the politics of several European demo- that she was impressed by ‘‘his traits Democrats seem to be playing along. cratic states. of personal kindness, leadership, and We have seen Democrats in the Senate Six months ago, I authored, on behalf willingness to help when called on.’’ who have already said that they don’t of the Senate Foreign Relations Com- There are three things I look for in a care about Judge Kavanaugh’s intel- mittee Democrats, a report entitled nominee for the Supreme Court: judi- lect; they don’t care that he is ‘‘just ‘‘Putin’s Asymmetrical Assault on De- cial philosophy, a strong intellect, and trying to get the law right’’; they don’t mocracy in Russia and Europe: Impli- a solid character. What we are hearing care that, as one lawyer said, ‘‘it is cations for U.S. National Security.’’ is overwhelming evidence from people hard to name anyone with judicial cre- I sent a copy of that report to Presi- who know him that Judge Kavanaugh dentials as strong as those of Judge dent Trump and hoped that he would has all of these qualities. He is some- Kavanaugh.’’ absorb it and use it in his meeting with

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.020 S18JYPT1 S5040 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 Mr. Putin. Unfortunately, he either First and foremost, we need to recog- on. That gives space to Mr. Putin. His didn’t read it or didn’t heed the advice nize Russia for what it is today—not calculation: 2018 is fair game. I can do in that report. the Russian people, but under the lead- whatever I want in the U.S. elections. That report spells out in detail the ership of Mr. Putin, Russia is an adver- After all, I know the President will be asymmetrical arsenal that Mr. Putin sary. They are against our system of on my side and will not hold me, Rus- uses. Yes, he uses his military, propa- government, and they are trying to sia, accountable for interference in the ganda, and cyber; he supports orga- bring down our system of government. U.S. elections. nized crime and corruption, weaponizes I saw the President’s tweet this That is certainly not in our interest. energy, and supports fringe political morning, and I just want to acknowl- Congress must speak out and act. We groups, all to attack our democratic edge that we want to have relations have to protect this country. It is our system of government. with all countries in the world. I want responsibility. We are an independent The report spells out numerous rec- the relationship between the United branch of government. We need to ommendations for steps we should take States and Russia to be on a better pla- speak out on behalf of our Nation. to protect our national security teau, but it has to be under our terms, Let me just lay out issues that I hope against what Russia is trying to do to not Mr. Putin’s terms. That is the we will work on not only in response to us. The report spells out several rec- problem with what the President did in the President’s summit with Mr. Putin ommendations I just want to under- Helsinki. He allowed Mr. Putin to con- but also because it is our responsibility score today. We urge the President to trol the dialogue and allowed Mr. Putin as an independent branch of govern- assert Presidential leadership and to look as though everything he is ment to speak out for America. launch a national response, an inter- doing is reasonable when it is not. If First, we need to protect the integ- agency response, so we make it clear you give Mr. Putin space, he will push rity of the Mueller investigation. I am that we will not tolerate this. to fill it, and then he will go even fur- not going to prejudge what the Mueller Mr. Trump has done just the oppo- ther. investigation will come in with. I have site. He has downplayed any signifi- Ten years ago, Mr. Putin saw an op- confidence that Mr. Mueller will do his cance to what Russia has done, has not portunity. He saw an opportunity to work. allowed us to have a coordinated effort put a wedge in regard to the NATO ex- Mr. Trump has been openly critical with the executive branch, and has pansion and the growth of a unified over and over and over and over again fought what Congress has tried to do in Western Front. He saw that oppor- about this investigation. It is out- giving him additional resources in tunity in the independent state of rageous that the head of the executive order to prepare us against what Mr. Georgia, and he took advantage of branch of government is trying to com- Putin is doing. that. Russian troops invaded. They are promise the checks and balances in our The report goes on to further rec- own system, but we have to make sure ommend that we expose and freeze still there today, and Georgia is still that the checks and balances remain. Kremlin-linked dirty money. The ad- not part of NATO. Mr. Putin’s strategy paid off. The We have to make sure that we protect ministration has not done that. It goes on to say that we should sub- Western World gave him that open the integrity of the Mueller investiga- ject state hybrid threat actors to an es- space; he took advantage of it. tion. calating sanctions regime. Here Con- In 2014, Mr. Putin, based upon his ex- Congress needs to pass legislation, gress did act. We passed the CAATSA perience in Georgia—and also, by the and there is legislation that has been statute, which requires—these are way, based upon his experience in recommended by our Judiciary Com- mandatory sanctions against Russia Moldova—said ‘‘Well, we can do the mittee that would protect the integrity because of what they did to us in 2016 same in Ukraine,’’ and they invaded of the Mueller campaign. We should and what they did in regard to the Ukraine. They took over Crimea; they take up that legislation and pass it im- Ukraine and their other activities. illegally annexed Crimea, and guess mediately. This administration has not fully uti- what. Ukraine, today, is nowhere clos- I said that I will not prejudge what lized those sanctions that are available er to being a NATO ally as a result of Mr. Mueller will come in with. We under the legislation we passed. Mr. Putin’s strategies. know there are people who have been The report calls for publicizing the It worked for him, not for us. That is indicted. We know that Russia has Kremlin’s global malign influence ef- not in our national security interest. been engaged in the election. We know forts and building an international coa- The President gives him a pass. that some Americans were involved. lition to counter hybrid threats. Mr. They tried it in Montenegro. Russia Was there collusion with the Trump Trump did just the opposite in his most financed operations of a coup to try to campaign? It will be up to the Mueller recent foreign trip. In his performance prevent the parliamentary elections investigation to give us those findings. in Brussels with NATO and then later from having a government that would But we do know from Helsinki that Mr. in London, he not only took the oppor- ratify NATO. The people of Montenegro Trump openly colluded with Mr. Putin tunity to criticize two of our closest al- stood up and said no. They fought it, in regard to an orchestrated message lies, Mrs. Merkel in Germany and Ms. and they won. Now Montenegro is a coming out of Helsinki. May in London, England—the U.K.— NATO ally. We can’t give this space to Secondly, Congress needs to exercise but he also challenged the unity of Eu- Mr. Putin. its oversight capacity with hearings. rope, weighing in with regard to Brexit Mr. Putin, not just in the United That is our responsibility. and the politics of Brexit. That is not States, but in Europe, interfered in I was pleased to see that Senator how the President brings unity among elections. But what happened in 2016 in CORKER announced that Mike Pompeo, our allies in order to stand tall against America? This is a fact; this is not sub- the Secretary of State, will be before the threats of Russia. ject to debate. We know that Russia, the Senate Foreign Relations Com- The report goes on to say that we directed by Mr. Putin, interfered in our mittee on Wednesday of next week. need to build global cyber defenses and elections. That has been confirmed by This meeting is long overdue. norms. Congress has appropriated our intelligence community. It has Let me just remind my colleagues funds; the administration has not fully been confirmed by our own Intelligence that this meeting is being set up to get utilized those funds. Committee here in the U.S. Senate. our very first briefing on what hap- We need to hold social media compa- This is not something that you debate. pened in Singapore in the President’s nies accountable. We see the infiltra- We know that is a fact. We understand meeting with Kim Jong Un in North tion of Russia into our social media the President has tried to convince the Korea. We haven’t had a single briefing platforms. Europe has already taken public here in America that may not be in Congress on the North Korean sum- action to make sure that it identifies true, but those are the facts. We know mit. and is protected against infiltration of the facts. We are privy to the facts. Now we have Mr. Pompeo coming up foreign entities getting involved in try- We know that Russia interfered in here for North Korea. I urge Mr. ing to influence policy in their coun- our elections, but the message from Pompeo and Senator CORKER to make try. The United States, under Mr. Helsinki, President Trump’s message sure that Mr. Pompeo is prepared and Trump, has not taken similar action. to President Putin, is: OK. Let’s move has the time not only to address North

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.022 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5041 Korea but also to address what hap- tem. We have appropriated funds for He gave a speech to the Federalist pened in Helsinki. We have a right, an this. There is legislation that is pend- Society in 2016 where he said, ‘‘I have obligation, to find out. ing by Members of the Senate on both particular things that I think are ille- While we are able to question rep- sides of the aisle. We now know we are gitimate in the way that we conduct resentatives from the executive branch even more vulnerable. We have seen modern American law.’’ He went on to in regard to Helsinki, let’s make sure some indictments of late that point out say, ‘‘It’s not that I disagree with a that we have a chance to talk to Jon what Russia could be doing in the 2018 particular Department of Labor regula- Huntsman, our Ambassador to Russia, elections, which are only less than 4 tion or a particular IRS regulation; it to get his take, his assessment of what months away. is the entire existence of this edifice of happened. We need to talk to our Di- One of the fundamental principles of administrative law that is constitu- rector of National Intelligence as to his our democracy is our free and fair elec- tionally suspect.’’ assessments. We need to have oversight tions. We have a responsibility to make He also wrote in a law review article hearings here in Congress. sure they are free from international that ‘‘the Sherman Act, as it is cur- Most importantly, we need to under- tampering and the influence Russia rently understood, is unconstitu- stand what happened in the room— may try to play in this election cycle. tional.’’ The Sherman Act is one of our where it happened—where Mr. Putin We need to take concrete steps to foundational antitrust laws; it pro- and Mr. Trump spent over 2 hours. We make sure that is done. hibits monopolies and restraints of have no information about what hap- Lastly, I suggest that the Senate go trade. pened in that room. We have a respon- on record repudiating President Mr. Oldham’s views are clearly out- sibility as Members of Congress to un- Trump’s actions in Helsinki. The Re- side the judicial mainstream. His own derstand what discussions took place, publican leadership should bring to the words and writings show an extreme what commitments in regard to our floor of the U.S. Senate such a resolu- ideological agenda. elections, in regard to Ukraine, in re- tion. It is our responsibility to consider Of course, like all of President gard to Syria, in regard to North such a resolution. Trump’s nominees, he has promised he Korea, in regard to Iran. We have a lot By passing such a resolution, we can would cast all his views aside if con- of interest in knowing what took place, restore confidence to the American firmed and simply follow the law. But and we should get that information people and to the world that the United time after time, we have seen these now. That is our constitutional respon- States, indeed, is the leader of the free nominees get confirmed to the bench sibility. We need to speak out and act world. and then start interpreting the law to Mr. DURBIN. Madam President, I op- to carry out our responsibility. produce outcomes that align with their pose the nomination of Andrew Oldham This is not a partisan issue. This is a preexisting, Federalist Society-ap- to the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals. constitutional issue of what we do. We Mr. Oldham is only 39 years old. He proved views and side with corpora- are a check and balance in the system. checks the Federalist Society box, hav- tions and wealthy elites over working The public expects us to act that way ing been a member since law school of Americans. and to get that information. that rightwing legal group that vets all Mr. Oldham is ideologically extreme, We should also strengthen the sanc- of President Trump’s nominees. Mr. he has shown instances of terrible judg- tions regime against Russia. I say that Oldham has spent much of his career ment, and he has said things that mindful that the bill we passed last litigating on behalf of Republican would make litigants question whether year, the CAASTA bill—I worked very elected officials in Texas State govern- he could be a fair and impartial judge. closely with my colleagues in drafting ment, where he worked on challenges I oppose his nomination. that bill—provides a whole array of op- to the Affordable Care Act, the DACA Mr. CARDIN. I suggest the absence of tions to President Trump to impose and DAPA programs, the Voting Rights a quorum. new sanctions against Russia for their Act, Fair Housing Act regulations, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The activities. Many of these sanctions, by ‘‘Ban the Box’’ regulations on job ap- clerk will call the roll. the way, are mandatory. The President plications, and Clean Air Act regula- The legislative clerk proceeded to has no discretion. I say that with some tions, among many others. call the roll. disbelief because these sanctions have Mr. Oldham’s extreme ideology is ap- Mr. CRUZ. Madam President, I ask not been imposed yet, even though parent from statements he has made in unanimous consent that the order for they are mandatory sanctions. his personal capacity. At his nomina- the quorum call be rescinded. So Congress needs to speak out and tion hearing, he refused to say that the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without act. We need to speak out to make sure landmark Supreme Court case Brown objection, it is so ordered. these sanctions are indeed imposed, v. Board of Education was correctly de- Mr. CRUZ. Madam President, I rise and we have to make sure we strength- cided. That was an astonishing mo- to speak to the integrity of the char- en the sanctions regime, if the Presi- ment. Every Supreme Court nominee acter and the career of Andy Oldham, dent needs more of a reminder or needs who has been asked this question has the President’s nominee to be a circuit additional tools in order to act against said he or she believed Brown v. Board judge for the U.S. Court of Appeals for Russia. One thing we want to make was correctly decided. In recent hear- the Fifth Circuit. crystal clear is, we don’t want to see ings before the Judiciary Committee, Andy represents the best of what the weakening of any of these sanc- nominees have answered yes to this Texas’s legal community has to offer tions. I think many of us know about question without hesitation; yet Mr. to our Federal courts. Andy Oldham conversations that took place in the Oldham wouldn’t answer. was born to high school sweethearts. past about Mr. Trump’s thoughts about If a nominee refuses to say that His parents, like his grandparents be- easing up some of these sanctions. We Brown v. Board was correctly decided, fore them, knew struggles and knew have to make sure that, in fact, they it certainly raises questions in my hard work. are not. mind about the nominee’s judgment, Andy’s father was raised in a trailer It was interesting that during the but that is not all Mr. Oldham has said. with four other siblings, and Andy’s summit, there was a conversation At his hearing, he refused to say grandfather spent years away from his against Mr. Browder about the whether he agreed that voter discrimi- family, first fighting in World War II Magnitsky sanctions that have been nation still exists in the United States. and then in Korea. His mother was imposed by Congress. Browder worked He gave an interview in 2016 where he raised by her divorced mother, and with Senator MCCAIN on that legisla- described the Supreme Court as ‘‘the Andy’s mother helped manage the tion. We have to make sure those sanc- most dangerous branch’’ and said household starting at age 8. tions remain in place and are strength- ‘‘they often fail to enforce our sacred Growing up in these humble begin- ened, not weakened. That is our re- rights that are in the Constitution, nings taught both of Andy’s parents sponsibility to make sure that takes while creating rights that are not.’’ the value of hard work. His father place. Keep in mind, this is a Supreme Court drove a cement truck and cleaned deep We must also make sure that we pro- where the majority of justices were ap- fryers in restaurants to pay his way tect the integrity of our election sys- pointed by Republican Presidents. through college. His mother was one of

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.023 S18JYPT1 S5042 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 the first women to attend the Univer- Oldham as a circuit judge of the U.S. crats alike—is that our democracy, our sity of Virginia. Together, both en- Circuit Court of Appeals for the Fifth great country, was attacked by a for- rolled in the Medical College of Vir- Circuit. eign adversary. And two days ago, on ginia, where his father became a doctor Andy will be the fifth judge we have an international stage, standing shoul- and his mother became a dentist. confirmed for the Fifth Circuit, one of der to shoulder with Vladimir Putin, Andy’s parents had enormous student the finest courts in the country—a our President sided with that attacker. debts to pay, and so Andy learned what court I have been privileged to argue Instead of forcefully condemning it was like to grow up with little as before many times. Andy will be the Russia’s attack on our democracy, its well, but he likewise learned the value third Texan and fifth circuit judge in role in annexing Crimea, poisoning in- of an education from his parents. the last year and a half, and that, I dividuals with chemical weapons on Andy went to the University of Vir- think, is one of the greatest legacies of the soil of one of our closest allies, ginia on a full academic scholarship, President Trump and this Republican Russia’s downing of a passenger airline graduating with a perfect 4.0 GPA and Senate; namely, the confirmation of with nearly 300 innocent civilians on- at the top of his class. He then became principled constitutionalists to the board, or undermining democracies a Truman Scholar and went on to at- Federal court; judges who will be faith- around the world, our President offered tend Harvard Law School. ful to the Constitution and Bill of only praise for the authoritarian Presi- Andy graduated from Harvard Law Rights, who will stand steadfastly to dent Putin. He then repeated his con- magna cum laude and clerked for protect our fundamental liberties, to spiracy theories about the FBI and Judge David Sentelle on the DC Cir- protect free speech and religious lib- called the Russia investigation a cuit, one of the most respected Federal erty, to protect the Second Amend- ‘‘witch-hunt’’—denigrating our law en- appellate judges in the country, and ment, the right to keep and bear arms, forcement institutions, while standing then clerked for Justice Samuel Alito to protect the Tenth Amendment, the beside the foe they work so hard to on the Supreme Court of the United fundamental liberties of the people protect all Americans from—Repub- States. against ever-expanding Federal power. licans and Democrats alike. He then worked as an attorney advi- This is a legacy that was front and In my 44 years as a Senator, I have sor for 2 years in the Office of Legal center as to why the American people never seen anything like it. I can think Counsel in the U.S. Department of Jus- elected this majority, and it is a legacy of no Republican President and no tice under the George W. Bush adminis- that will benefit Texans and Americans Democratic President who would ever tration. for generations to come. do this. I never thought it would be Andy then went into private practice I yield the floor. possible in our country before Presi- at Kellogg Hansen here in Washington, I suggest the absence of a quorum. dent Trump took office. DC. From there, Andy went to the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Yesterday, the President attempted Texas solicitor general’s office to serve clerk will call the roll. to walk back his decision to side with as the deputy solicitor general of The legislative clerk proceeded to Russia over our own intelligence agen- Texas. I can state that office is usually call the roll. cies. He attempted to do it because of a pretty tight ship. Mr. LEAHY. Madam President, I ask the criticism he got from both Repub- After that, he joined Governor Ab- unanimous consent that the order for licans and Democrats, but as many of bott to serve as his legal counsel. He is the quorum call be rescinded. my colleagues told me would happen, now the general counsel for the Gov- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without President Trump walked back his walk ernor and has spent all but 3 years of objection, it is so ordered. back. He reiterated that the inter- ference ‘‘could have been other people. his career in public service. TRUMP-PUTIN SUMMIT If I may say, it shows a depth of char- Mr. LEAHY. Madam President, as we There are a lot of people out there.’’ This morning on Twitter—where ap- acter and a devotion to his country all know, in this country, in 2016, the parently he does his deepest thinking— that Andy would stay in public service Russian Government weighed a covert, he claimed that people at the higher for so long, so dutifully, while forgoing multifaceted criminal campaign to ends of intelligence loved his press con- the great rewards that come with pri- interfere in our elections. We now ference in Helsinki. I do not think any- vate practice. He is devoted to the know it was intended to help then-Can- one here doubts that the President practice of law, and over the years, didate Donald Trump win the Presi- meant what he said and said what he Andy has displayed a keen under- dency. We don’t know the full impact meant in Helsinki. And, after their standing of the Constitution and how it of Russia’s interference, but it is be- two-hour private meeting in Helsinki, I applies and guides us to this very day. yond debate that it happened. do not think President Putin has any I am confident Andy will not sub- Russia, as we now found out, used in- doubt either. stitute his own policy preferences, his flammatory propaganda—it actually We have to know that Russia shares own opinions for the rule of law, but he was fake news—attempting to suppress neither our values nor our interests. will instead serve the people of Texas Democratic turnout and boost support Russia is not our friend. Of course, we and the American people by respecting for Donald Trump. They also stole want to see improved relations with the law as written—as written in the communications belonging to the Russia on Syria, on nuclear prolifera- Constitution and as written in Federal Democratic National Committee and tion, and on many critical issues, but law—passed by this Congress and the Clinton campaign, which were then for that to happen, Russia needs to re- signed by the President. Our courts and strategically released to maximize spect our democracy and values. We our country are well-served by judges their impact. They were released at must not slouch down to theirs. with this dedication, wisdom, and for- times when they could counter nega- The United States is the leader of the bearance. tive news stories about Donald Trump. free world. The free world is under In his career, Andy has argued across Just last week, 12 Russian intel- threat, as it has so often been. But the country in State and Federal ligence officers were charged with these threats are not supposed to come courts. He has appeared and argued nu- hacking campaign officials’ emails and from within. merous times before the Fifth Circuit, State election boards. In just over a Just moments ago, when asked if and he has argued twice before the U.S. year—in what may rank as the most Russia is still targeting the United Supreme Court. productive special counsel investiga- States, the President inexplicably said He has earned widespread praise from tion in our Nation’s history—32 people ‘‘no.’’ both Democrats and Republicans, and and 3 companies have been charged or That is not the truth. he was recommended to the Judiciary pled guilty as part of the Russian in- Russia is still targeting the United Committee by esteemed legal voices vestigation. We likely will not know States. This is despite his Director of from both the left and right. Andy is the full extent of Russia’s interference National Intelligence, Dan Coats, con- respected across the political spec- until the special counsel’s investiga- firming just last week that Russia is, trum. I know my colleagues in the Sen- tion is complete. indeed, still targeting our digital infra- ate will return the same respect when But what is clear—and this is what structure and interfering in our democ- they vote today to confirm Andy should concern Republicans and Demo- racy. Director Coats compared it to the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.025 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5043 warning signs that emerged prior to whether we stand for democracy; ther senator. If Mr. Bounds is con- the 9/11 attacks, but the President de- whether we stand for freedom, includ- firmed, it will mark the first time in nies it is happening. ing the freedom of the press; whether the history of the Senate that a judi- I know Director Coats. I served with we stand for the rule of law; whether cial nominee is confirmed despite oppo- him when he was a Republican Senator we stand for truth; and whether we sition from both home-State Senators. in this body. I know he would not say stand for America. As a Vermonter and My concern is not about a mere piece this if it were not so. Notwithstanding a Senator, I know where I stand. It is of paper. My concern is that we are the President’s saying that Russia is time we stand together. failing to protect the fundamental not targeting us, his own Director of BLUE-SLIP TRADITION rights of home-State Senators, and we National Intelligence says they are. We Madam President, I believe I have are failing in our constitutional duty can’t trust this President’s judgment colleagues on the floor who are going to provide our advice and consent on a when it comes to Russia. to make a unanimous consent request, President’s nominees. That should con- Remember, the President takes an but before they do, I feel obliged to cern all of us. The Senate should never oath to protect and defend our Nation. speak up about the steady erosion of function as a mere rubberstamp for When it comes to Russia, it appears he the norms and traditions that protect nominees seeking lifetime appoint- does not intend to abide by his oath to the Senate’s unique constitutional role ments to our Federal judiciary. defend and protect our Nation. This with respect to lifetime appointments Without blue slips, nothing prevents Congress is going to be derelict in its to our Federal courts. a California nominee from being ap- duty if it takes no action. We should all be alarmed by the Judi- pointed to a Texas court. Nothing pre- All of us have to speak with a single ciary Committee’s abrupt change in vents our State selection committees voice in this moment—Republicans and course when it comes to respect for from being completely ignored by the Democrats alike. We should all con- blue slips, which allow home-State White House. That is what we are see- demn the President’s actions, which Senators to have a word in what hap- ing today. The Oregon bipartisan judi- were as dangerous as they were shame- pens. This should concern us all. For cial selection commission overwhelm- ful. much of this body’s history, blue slips ingly voted that Mr. Bounds—who mis- These condemnations are important, have given meaning to the constitu- led the commission about his con- but words are not enough. Remember, tional requirement of ‘‘advice and con- troversial writings—did not deserve its Congress is a coequal branch of govern- sent.’’ They have protected the prerog- recommendation. Some may dismiss these warnings, ment. Remember that the Senate is atives of home-State Senators, and but I have served in the Senate long supposed to be the conscience of the they have ensured fairness and comity enough to know that winds tend to Nation. Let’s act like it. in the Senate. The President, obviously, can’t be When I was chairman of the Judici- change direction. Inevitably, the ma- trusted to keep his hands off of the ary Committee, under both the Bush jority becomes the minority. The Russia investigation. By denigrating it and Obama administrations, not a sin- White House changes hands. I suspect at every opportunity and by dismissing gle judicial nominee received a hearing Republicans will rekindle their love of blue slips if they find themselves in the its lead investigator last year, he has without first receiving both home- minority under a Democratic Presi- repeatedly failed the test. State Senators’ positive blue slips. Re- dent, as they did under President The Senate Judiciary Committee re- gardless of who was in the Oval Office, Obama and during my chairmanship. cently passed legislation with a strong I steadfastly defended blue slips be- That is precisely why maintaining a bipartisan vote. Republicans and cause I firmly believed in both their single, consistent policy with respect Democrats alike voted to protect the constitutional and institutional impor- special counsel’s investigation. That to blue slips is so critical. tance. I also firmly believed in the pre- That is why I will vote against Mr. legislation is before the Senate. Let’s rogatives of home-State Senators and Bounds. If we abandon our long- enact it into law. Let’s take what Re- the need to ensure that the White standing traditions to change partisan publicans and Democrats together said House works in good faith with those expediency, that provides only fleeting in the Judiciary Committee—that we Senators. advantage and inflicts lasting harm in will protect the special counsel’s inves- My decision to defend blue slips was this body. We are better off when we tigation. Let’s vote up or down. Let’s not without some controversy. I faced follow the tradition we always have. do it and enact it into law. significant pressure from my own par- We foolishly hurt ourselves and our in- It is often said that the only thing ty’s leadership to hold hearings for dividual States when we allow our- President Putin responds to is President Obama’s nominees who had selves to step away from it. I would strength. Let’s show him that here in not received positive blue slips from urge all Senators to ensure that home- the Congress, we stand united in oppo- Republican Senators. I was criticized State Senators are provided the same sition to his ongoing attempts to at- by liberal advocacy groups and major courtesies during the Trump adminis- tack our democracy. Believe me, they news outlets like the New York Times, tration that they received from both are ongoing right at this moment. but I resisted such pressure because I Republican and Democratic Judiciary Let’s pass stronger sanctions targeting believed then—and I still believe now— chairmen during the Obama adminis- him and the oligarchs who enable him, that certain principles matter more tration. I ask my fellow Senators to who continue to help him because they than party. oppose Mr. Bound’s nomination. become billionaires by doing it. Let’s All of us, whether Democrat or Re- I yield the floor. pass a resolution making it clear that publican, should care about good-faith The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- if President Trump chooses to stand consultation when it comes to nomi- ator from Utah. with President Putin, then he stands nees from our own States. The reasons Mr. LEE. Madam President, I am alone. The European Union is not our for this are both principled and prag- about to engage in a brief colloquy foe. And President Putin is not our matic. We know our States. We know about a unanimous consent request friend. Our allies around the world, es- who is qualified to fill lifetime judicial with my colleague, the Senator from pecially those that have stood with us seats that will have a tremendous im- California. since World War II, are looking at us at pact on our neighbors and commu- I ask unanimous consent that, not- this moment. They are questioning nities. withstanding the previous order, I be whether the United States will be a re- This week, the Senate will vote able to have 5 minutes to do that prior liable partner in the face of creeping whether to confirm a nominee to the to the vote. authoritarianism, both at home and Ninth Circuit, Ryan Bounds, opposed The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without abroad. Let’s show them where we by not one but both of his home-State objection, it is so ordered. stand. Senators. Senators WYDEN and UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST—S. 118 This is not about politics. It is not MERKLEY were cut out of the nomina- Mr. LEE. Madam President, as in leg- about Republicans or Democrats. This tion process entirely. The White House islative session, I ask unanimous con- is about who we are as a country and interviewed Bounds and fast-tracked sent that the Senate proceed to the im- what we stand for as Americans— his nomination without consulting ei- mediate consideration of Calendar No.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.029 S18JYPT1 S5044 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 297, S. 118; that the committee-reported While companies could legally boast Cassidy Hatch Portman substitute amendment be agreed to; this claim in 49 of the 50 States under Collins Heller Risch Corker Hoeven Roberts that the bill, as amended, be considered the Federal standards set by the Fed- Cornyn Hyde-Smith Rounds read a third time and passed; and that eral Trade Commission, they are often Cotton Inhofe Rubio the motion to reconsider be considered unable to do so because of the flow of Crapo Isakson Sasse Cruz Johnson made and laid upon the table. interstate commerce. Most manufac- Scott Daines Kennedy Shelby The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there Enzi Lankford turers sell wholesale to national and Sullivan Ernst Lee objection? international distributors who then Thune Fischer McConnell The Senator from California. Tillis disperse products throughout the coun- Flake Moran Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Madam President, try. As a result, companies must label Gardner Murkowski Toomey reserving the right to object, I rise products according to the most rigid Graham Paul Wicker Young today to express concern with S. 118, definition in order to protect them- Grassley Perdue the Reinforcing American-Made Prod- selves from costly litigation. In short, NAYS—49 ucts Act, because it would preempt one State—one single State—is effec- Baldwin Hassan Peters California’s strong ‘‘Made in America’’ tively governing how interstate com- Bennet Heinrich Reed labeling standards. merce is conducted with regard to Blumenthal Heitkamp Sanders California requires that at least 90 Booker Hirono Schatz ‘‘Made in USA’’ labeling throughout Brown Jones percent of a final product be composed Schumer the country. Cantwell Kaine Shaheen of American-made parts to use the The Reinforcing American-Made Cardin King Smith label—the strongest standard in the Carper Klobuchar Stabenow Products Act would solve this problem Casey Leahy Tester Nation. by ensuring that the current Federal Coons Manchin Udall This bill would undo California’s Cortez Masto Markey definition is the supreme labeling law Van Hollen tough standard, setting instead a wa- Donnelly McCaskill in interstate commerce without weak- Warner tered-down national standard. Compa- Duckworth Menendez ening the strong ‘‘Made in USA’’ na- Durbin Merkley Warren nies could then confuse consumers by tional standard. In addition to uphold- Feinstein Murphy Whitehouse flooding the market with products sold ing the Constitution, which empowers Gillibrand Murray Wyden under the ‘‘Made in America’’ label Congress—this body—to regulate inter- Harris Nelson that were built using more foreign- state commerce, this legislation would NOT VOTING—1 made components. That is why the provide clarity and consistency, which McCain California attorney general and the would help American companies avoid The nomination was confirmed. Consumer Federation of California sup- unnecessary hardships and frivolous The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under port keeping California’s strong stand- lawsuits. the previous order, the motion to re- ards in place. In the global marketplace, it is in- The ‘‘Made in America’’ label should consider is considered made and laid creasingly difficult for small American upon the table and the President will promote U.S. manufacturing and give companies to stay afloat, let alone to consumers confidence that they are be immediately notified of the Senate’s compete. This reform would ultimately action. supporting American jobs. Consumers encourage manufacturing in America want to know that products bearing and use American tools and resources. f the ‘‘Made in America’’ label are truly It would also help so many of the small CLOTURE MOTION made in America. Because this would businesses and ordinary American undermine that confidence and pre- workers who are currently being left The PRESIDING OFFICER. Pursuant empt California’s strong standards, I behind, and helping them ought to be to rule XXII, the Chair lays before the believe this bill should not move by our goal. Senate the pending cloture motion, unanimous consent. Regretfully, for This bill passed unanimously out of which the clerk will state. those reasons, I object. committee, and it has broad bipartisan The senior assistant legislative clerk The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. COT- support. I am disappointed that it is read as follows: TON). Objection is heard. being blocked by the few people who do CLOTURE MOTION The Senator from Utah. not support it when it could benefit all We, the undersigned Senators, in accord- Mr. LEE. Mr. President, I appreciate 50 of our States. We should exercise ance with the provisions of rule XXII of the the comments made by my distin- this authority, and we should open the Standing Rules of the Senate, do hereby guished colleague, the Senator from move to bring to a close debate on the nomi- flow of interstate commerce. California. nation of Ryan Wesley Bounds, of Oregon, to I yield the floor. When Americans see a ‘‘Made in be United States Circuit Judge for the Ninth USA’’ label on a product, it is a source The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time Circuit. of great pride. It represents the Amer- has expired. Mitch McConnell, Roger F. Wicker, The question is, Will the Senate ad- Steve Daines, Richard Burr, Mike ican virtues of innovation and industri- Rounds, Bob Corker, Mike Crapo, ousness. It is a symbol of support for vise and consent to the Oldham nomi- nation? Thom Tillis, Chuck Grassley, John American manufacturing jobs and Boozman, Johnny Isakson, Orrin G. high-quality products across the board, Mr. LEE. Mr. President, I ask for the Hatch, John Cornyn, David Perdue, and it often spurs American consumers yeas and nays. John Barrasso, John Hoeven, Roy to buy those very products. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a Blunt. The Federal Trade Commission cur- sufficient second? The PRESIDING OFFICER. By unan- rently enforces a difficult standard for There appears to be a sufficient sec- imous consent, the mandatory quorum products to claim the ‘‘Made in USA’’ ond. call has been waived. label. It requires that all or virtually The clerk will call the roll. The question is, Is it the sense of the all of a product must be made in the The bill clerk called the roll. Senate that debate on the nomination United States, and it has issued Mr. CORNYN. The following Senator of Ryan Wesley Bounds, of Oregon, to lengthy guidance documents estab- is necessarily absent: the Senator from be United States Circuit Judge for the lishing the rules. However, one State Arizona (Mr. MCCAIN). Ninth Circuit, shall be brought to a holds a different standard—one that is The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there close? nearly impossible for businesses to any other Senators in the Chamber de- The yeas and nays are mandatory meet. Under California’s law, if more siring to vote? under the rule. than 5 percent of the components of a The result was announced—yeas 50, The clerk will call the roll. product are manufactured outside the nays 49, as follows: The senior assistant legislative clerk United States, even if that means just [Rollcall Vote No. 160 Ex.] called the roll. a few bolts or a few screws, then that YEAS—50 Mr. CORNYN. The following Senator product cannot be labeled ‘‘Made in Alexander Blunt Burr is necessarily absent: the Senator from USA.’’ Barrasso Boozman Capito Arizona (Mr. MCCAIN).

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.030 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5045 The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. diabolical situation. It is ICE that more innocent Americans would be TOOMEY). Are there any other Senators holds the parents in detention camps. harmed or murdered if we did not have in the Chamber desiring to vote? It is ICE that has failed to arrange for ICE agents to arrest illegal immigrants The yeas and nays resulted—yeas 50, the knowledge within the system of with criminal convictions? These are nays 49, as follows: which parents go with which children. the questions that those who call for [Rollcall Vote No. 161 Ex.] It is ICE that often has prevented indi- the abolishment of ICE should be ask- YEAS—50 viduals from having access to counsel, ing. It is outrageous. It is irresponsible to Alexander Flake Paul from being able to even phone their Barrasso Gardner Perdue children, and charged them for using call for abolishing one of our country’s Blunt Graham Portman the phone. most critical security measures. Abol- Boozman Grassley Risch In this situation, some 2,500-plus kids ishing ICE would give terrorists, gang Burr Hatch Roberts members, drug dealers, and other Capito Heller have been torn out of the arms of their Rounds criminals a field day. Cassidy Hoeven Rubio parents, and this particular resolution Collins Hyde-Smith Sasse would engage in nice phrases of praise I stand for protecting American secu- Corker Inhofe Scott rity. I stand for upholding the rule of Cornyn Isakson instead of addressing itself to solving Shelby Cotton Johnson the problem. law. That is why I stand with ICE. Sullivan Crapo Kennedy We should right now be considering The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Thune Cruz Lankford Senator HARRIS’s act, the REUNITE ator from Hawaii. Daines Lee Tillis Ms. HIRONO. Mr. President, this res- Toomey Act, which would accelerate the reuni- Enzi McConnell olution being offered by my colleagues Ernst Moran Wicker fication of the children, would ensure Fischer Murkowski Young that family separation never happens on the other side of the aisle is a par- tisan political stunt to distract the NAYS—49 again, would coordinate actions be- tween ICE and the Border Patrol and American people from the crisis cre- Baldwin Hassan Peters ated by Donald Trump’s zero tolerance Bennet Heinrich Reed Health and Human Services, and would Blumenthal Heitkamp Sanders set up a family case management sys- policy. Almost 3,000 children were ripped Booker Hirono Schatz tem that worked, according to the IG Brown Jones Schumer from the arms of their parents and of Homeland Security, to deliver 100 Cantwell Kaine Shaheen traumatized by the President’s cruelty. Cardin King Smith percent of the time when individuals Yesterday, the Senate Judiciary Carper Klobuchar Stabenow had a date for a hearing—100 percent of Casey Leahy Committee had a closed-door briefing Tester Coons Manchin the time. Udall with officials from the Department of Cortez Masto Markey That is why I ask my colleague to Van Hollen Justice, the Department of Health and Donnelly McCaskill modify his request so that the Com- Warner Human Services, and the Department Duckworth Menendez mittee on the Judiciary, instead, be Durbin Merkley Warren of Homeland Security. The American Whitehouse discharged from further consideration Feinstein Murphy people deserve to hear from these offi- Gillibrand Murray Wyden of S. 3227, the REUNITE Act, and the cials in public and under oath. All Harris Nelson Senate proceed to its immediate con- these officials provided at this brief- sideration; that the bill be considered NOT VOTING—1 ing—not under oath—was more ob- read a third time and passed and the McCain struction and obfuscation. The witness motion to reconsider be considered The PRESIDING OFFICER. On this from Immigration and Customs En- made and laid upon the table with no vote, the yeas are 50, the nays are 49. forcement even claimed that they ‘‘did intervening action or debate. The motion is agreed to. not mess up here.’’ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Will the f Separating almost 3,000 children from Senator from Montana so modify his their parents, not meeting judicially EXECUTIVE CALENDAR request? set deadlines for reunifying these chil- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Mr. DAINES. I object. dren—the trauma continues. Is there The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- clerk will report the nomination. anybody in America paying attention tion is heard. The senior assistant legislative clerk to this issue who actually believes Is there objection to the original re- read the nomination of Ryan Wesley there was no mess-up? Bounds, of Oregon, to be United States quest? We need a public hearing to hear The Senator from Oregon. Circuit Judge for the Ninth Circuit. from these officials under oath. Mr. MERKLEY. I strongly object. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Donald Trump is weaponizing fear to The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- ator from Montana. pursue his anti-immigration agenda, tion is heard. and we are not going to be party to UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST—S. RES. 572 The Senator from Montana. that. We should be focused like laser Mr. DAINES. Mr. President, as in Mr. DAINES. Mr. President, I live in beams on reuniting the children with legislative session, I ask unanimous a State—the State of Montana—that consent that the Committee on the Ju- their parents. has a northern border. ICE agents keep Mr. DURBIN. Will the Senator from diciary be discharged from further con- our border secure, and I want to thank sideration of S. Res. 572; that the reso- Hawaii yield? them for the very important work they Ms. HIRONO. I yield to the Senator lution be agreed to, the preamble be are doing. from Illinois. agreed to, and the motions to recon- Far too many people are coming into The PRESIDING OFFICER. The sider be considered made and laid upon our country illegally and putting the Democratic whip. the table. safety and security of American citi- Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I would The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there zens at risk. In fact, in Montana, the like to thank the Senator from Hawaii objection? effects of unsecured borders are very for joining in this statement about the The Senator from Oregon. personal. All across our State, commu- agency of ICE, which is in the Depart- UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST—S. 3227 nities at this moment are torn apart by ment of Homeland Security. Mr. MERKLEY. Mr. President, re- the meth and opioids that are traf- There are certain things that I think serving the right to object, this mo- ficked through the southern border. In Democrats and Republicans can come ment hardly seems the time for the fact, just last year, ICE seized nearly 50 together to agree on. Let me tell you Senate to engage in debating rhetorical tons of narcotics, nearly a million what I think they are. Border secu- phrases of praise for the Immigration pounds of heroin, fentanyl, and other rity—the United States needs security and Customs Enforcement agency when deadly drugs that criminals and cartels at its borders. There is no question that agency—better known as ICE—is are smuggling into our country. about that, whoever the President may deeply mired in the scandal of sepa- At a time when America is suffering be. rating children from their parents. It is from a drug epidemic, how many more The second thing we agree on is, no- ICE that partnered with Border Patrol lives would be lost if ICE agents were body who is dangerous should be al- and Health and Human Services in this not protecting our borders? How many lowed to come to this country. Anyone

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.008 S18JYPT1 S5046 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 here who is undocumented and dan- can track that package wherever it Homeland Security Investigations gerous should leave, should be re- may be. Order a pizza from Domino’s. agency, which focuses on serious moved. We all agree on that, do we Call them after 15 minutes and ask: transnational criminal activity, had to not? Where is the pizza? They will tell you. say. Last month, a majority of the The third thing, which 68 Senators Check your coat at a restaurant before agents focusing on transnational crimi- agreed on, is comprehensive immigra- you go to the table. When you come nal activity wrote a letter to the Sec- tion reform. Our immigration laws are back and hand them that little piece of retary of the Department of Homeland a mess—an absolute mess. That is why paper, they give you your coat. It is Security, Kirstjen Nielsen, asking that we continue to debate the topic, and 68 pretty simple, is it not? But when it Homeland Security Investigations be of us came to vote on a bipartisan came to children and families, this removed from ICE because of ‘‘the po- measure 5 years ago to fix the whole agency, ICE, along with other agencies litical nature of civil immigration en- system. It passed the Senate and died of this government, lost them. In one forcement.’’ in the House. agency in Chicago, they told me that These are men and women who are Where are we today? We are here the search for the parents of the little focusing on serious crimes, and they today debating on the floor the future kids they had was like a scavenger asked to be removed from ICE. They of ICE. There are parts of the function hunt. They just started calling right are tired of the politics. I am weary of and responsibility of this agency of ICE and left to try to figure out where the it as well. that all of us would agree on. ICE has parent might be. We need to start solving these prob- important responsibilities combating Yesterday, we had a briefing, and fi- lems—border security, dangerous peo- serious criminal activities, like smug- nally these agencies came up with ple kept out of this country and re- gling, bulk cash, drugs, weapons, some numbers. There are 2,550 children moved, comprehensive immigration re- human trafficking, violent criminals still in our custody who are not re- form. And for goodness’ sake, reunite and others who would do us harm, and united with their families; 1,800 parents these children with their parents. enforcing immigration laws against we haven’t linked up with their chil- I yield the floor. terrorists. There is no argument about dren. And we want to put a resolution The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- that. But what has become controver- on the floor to commend this activity— ator from Texas. sial is the Trump administration’s new to praise them for their great work? Mr. CRUZ. Mr. President, I rise in immigration policy. Not me. support of the brave men and women of You see, we don’t have the resources They do good work in a lot of impor- our Immigration Customs Enforcement to deport 11 million undocumented peo- tant areas, and I will be happy to join agency. These are law enforcement of- ple nor do we have the resources to ar- in that chorus. But we stand here and ficers who risk their lives every day to rest all who present themselves at the ignore the obvious—that this zero tol- keep this country safe. border. What this administration has erance policy has given our Nation a Rising in support of law enforcement done, though, is say that they are black eye, has raised questions about used to be a bipartisan issue. It used to going to criminalize—charge as crimi- our values as Americans, has created be an issue that brought us together, nals—everyone who shows up at the situations we cannot morally defend, that unified us. Sadly, as we have seen border. By doing that, they take lim- such as separating children from their in the preceding minutes, that is no ited resources and focus them on a mothers. longer the case. mass of people, most of whom are no Do you know what the American I rise today to urge my Democratic threat at all to the United States, in- Academy of Pediatrics tells us? The colleagues to say no to the reckless stead of focusing their resources on the doctors tell us it is an institutional and radical voices within their party drug smugglers, the traffickers, the form of child abuse to remove these that are pulling their party so far out would-be terrorists. Those are our pri- children. of the mainstream and so far out of orities for the safety of our homes, our I have seen them, these poor kids, 5 touch with the American people that it families, and our communities, are and 6 years old in these settings. The is barely recognizable. For a long time, they not? place I visited in Chicago was doing its when Democrats were debating immi- Here we have this resolution that was best to help the children, but two little gration issues, they used to say ‘‘Well, brought to the floor to commend ICE girls walked into the room where I was of course, we support enforcing the in all its functions. I can just tell you, sitting. They were holding hands—cute laws,’’ almost as an obligatory throw- I don’t join in that resolution. I specifi- little kids. It was my opportunity to away. Instead, we are here today, de- cally don’t join in it when it comes to meet about 10 or 12 kids who were sepa- bating the abolishing of the Immigra- the President’s zero tolerance policy. rated from their parents under the zero tion and Customs Enforcement agency, It became the policy of the Trump tolerance policy. the exact antithesis of where most con- administration and the U.S. Govern- These two little girls were holding gressional Democrats claimed they ment to forcibly remove 3,000 children hands, and I thought they were sisters. were. All of this started because a few from their parents. That is bad enough, We asked in Spanish. ‘‘No, amigas,’’ weeks ago, a longtime Democratic in- is it not? The notion that you take a she said. They had become friends to cumbent, a Member of the House, found baby out of the arms of a mother—a one another. himself beaten in a primary in New toddler, an infant—separate a young It turns out that the one who was 5 York State by an avowed socialist. As child—we did it under President years old was from Guatemala and the a result, many of my colleagues on the Trump’s zero tolerance policy. one who was 6 years old was from Democratic side of the aisle are sud- Now let me state what added insult Chiapas, Mexico. They were holding on denly terrified of their left flank. Be- to that injury. At that point, there was to one another. All they had was one cause her campaign focused on abol- no effort made to make certain we another because our government had ishing ICE—abolishing the Immigra- could reunite the parents with the chil- separated them from their mothers. tion and Customs Enforcement agency, dren. Time and again, we would meet Now this agency is struggling to find more incumbent Democrats have said downstairs for a briefing from ICE and these mothers. In some circumstances, that they, too, are open to abolishing other agencies, and they would tell us: they cannot even link up the children ICE. We don’t know where the parents are. with their parents. I call on this body to pull back from We really don’t know where the kids No, I am not going to join in a reso- the abyss. On immigration there are are. We are going to have to go look- lution of congratulations for the work areas of good-faith disagreement that ing. they have done. Many of the things this body has debated and will continue Imagine separating up to 3,000 chil- they have done have been courageous to debate. I have long characterized my dren from their parents, and the U.S. and important for the security of this views on immigration as being able to Government did not keep a record of country, but when it comes to the zero be summed up in four words: legal, what happened to those kids. Ship tolerance policy, it is not. good; illegal, bad. I think the vast ma- something by UPS—they give you a I do want to make one last point. jority of Texans and the vast majority tracking number. Go online, and you Listen to what the top agents at ICE’s of Americans agree with that. There

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.036 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5047 are a host of immigration policies that Trump so much, that their position is those who follow the rules and wait in ought to be commonsense bipartisan not that we should enforce the immi- line like my father in 1957, when he policies. gration laws; their position is not that came as an immigrant from Cuba seek- The Presiding Officer has shown they will stand with law enforcement. ing freedom. Those are debates we can great leadership in fighting against Their position has become to abolish have. sanctuary cities, fighting against juris- the Immigration and Customs Enforce- We ought to be coming together in dictions that defy Federal immigration ment agency, the agency charged with the spirit of bipartisan agreement to law and that release violent criminals enforcing our immigration laws. stand with law enforcement. I call without being willing to turn them This is not a reasonable position and upon the responsible members of the over to immigration officials. Those a public policy debate upon which rea- Democratic Party—and, surely, there violent criminals, in turn, go on far too sonable minds might differ. There are must be some left. Surely, in the often to commit even more violent many of those in the immigration Democratic Party, there are some crimes. world. This is not one of them. This is voices that are willing to stand up to I am the author of Kate’s Law, a a radical and reckless position. the reckless and radical left and say: commonsense proposal which says that Yet, this resolution—by the way, this No, we should not abolish the agency aggravated felons who repeatedly enter resolution says not a word about the charged with enforcing our immigra- the country illegally should face a issue of family separation. We have tion laws, charged with protecting us mandatory minimum prison sentence. heard some of the speeches from my from vicious and violent criminals. It was named for Kate Steinle, a beau- Democratic colleagues focused on fam- The fact that Senate Democrats are tiful young woman, 28 years old, mur- ily separation. I can state that every today objecting to this resolution dered on a California pier by an illegal Member of this body, Democrat and shows just how captive they are to the immigrant who had been deported over Republican, agrees that families should fury that rages against President and over and over again and had been not be separated. Trump. in and out of jail over and over and Indeed, I have introduced legislation Everyone in this Chamber has, at one over again and had multiple felony to prohibit family separation, to en- time or another, had something the convictions. Yet, because San Fran- sure that children stay with their par- President has said or done that we all cisco is a sanctuary city, they released ents—the best place for a kid is with disagreed with. That is part of the po- him yet again, and he committed mur- his or her mom or dad—but to do so in litical process, but the rage and fury on der. a way that also respects the rule of the far left is a qualitatively different Kate Steinle would be alive if we law, that doesn’t return to the failed matter. It is a rage that is demanding could come together on Kate’s Law, if policy of catch-and-release that only Democrats to go after, to undercut, to we could come together on ending encourages more and more illegal im- attack law enforcement agents who sanctuary cities. Yet it turns out that migration, that only puts more and keep us safe. That is a mistake. It is a in today’s hyperpolarized world, even more children—little boys and girls—in disservice to this institution. It is a disservice to the legacy of many distin- that is not extreme enough for the a position of being physically and sexu- guished Senators and a disservice to modern Democratic Party. Multiple ally assaulted by human traffickers. leaders of their party are advocating No one who cares about humanity, no the American people and the Constitu- tion that we are sworn to protect. abolishing the Immigration and Cus- one who cares about compassion should I urge this body to pass this common- toms Enforcement agency. want to incentivize putting little chil- sense resolution, standing with law en- What does ICE do? ICE men and dren in the control of global, forcement, enforcing our borders, and women—I have met with a great many transnational drug cartels and human stopping violent criminals, murderers, of them in my home State of Texas. I traffickers. kidnappers, and rapists that ICE ar- have met with a great many Border Pa- For the past several weeks, I have rests every year. Abolishing law en- trol agents. I have joined them on their been negotiating with Democratic forcement puts all of us at peril. I call midnight muster. I have gone out on Members of this body, trying to see if upon my Democratic colleagues to re- we could reach common ground to patrol with them as they risk their ject that radical and reckless position. lives securing our border and risk their unite and say that we will not separate I yield the floor. lives keeping us safe in the interior. families, but at the same time, we will The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Criminal aliens arrested by ICE in respect the rule of law and not return ator from Florida. fiscal year 2017 were responsible for to catch-and-release in a way that Mr. NELSON. Mr. President, this more than 76,000 dangerous drug of- incentivizes illegal immigration. Senator came to talk about trade, and fenses; yet many Democrats are say- We will find out if any Democrats are I am going to do that, but I think what ing: Abolish their role. They were re- willing to find common ground. All 100 we have is an example of extremes in sponsible for over 48,000 assault of- could join together on ending family politics that is on display before us. fenses. They were responsible for over release and ending it today, but too I think, on the one hand, political 11,000 weapons offenses. They were re- many on the Democratic side want to points are trying to be scored about sponsible for over 5,000 sexual assault condition ending family release on es- the abolition of certain law enforce- offenses. They were responsible for sentially mandating the release of ment organizations. On the other hand, over 2,000 kidnapping offenses, and every illegal alien in custody—those there are the political points that a they were responsible for over 1,800 apprehended with children, mandating government, especially our govern- homicide offenses. their release. That is not a reasonable ment, should not have a policy of sepa- Yet the approach of the modern position. That is not a position the rating children from their parents, un- Democratic Party is not to find a rea- American people support, and, criti- less the parents have committed a sonable, commonsense common cally, this resolution before the Senate crime and need to be incarcerated for ground. It is, instead, to say: Abolish says not a word about it. the purpose of that crime. the agency that has arrested criminals This resolution does not address that Here we have the extremes again responsible for over 1,800 murders. question. Instead, this resolution says going to either side, when, in fact, if When it comes to drugs—the volume that those ICE agents—the ICE agents there were good will, if there were not they are dealing with in fighting the who right now may be kicking down such a highly polarized, highly narcotics traffickers—ICE in fiscal the door on a meth house and facing charged, partisan atmosphere, in part, year 2017 seized more than 980,000 violent drug lords, firing weapons at as we say in the South, egged on by pounds of narcotics. ICE seized ap- them, risking their lives to keep us various Members of the leadership in proximately 2,370 pounds of fentanyl, safe—we stand with those law enforce- the Congress as well as the Executive— approximately 6,967 pounds of heroin. ment agencies, even if we may disagree if we didn’t have all of that, we could Yet, today, too many elected Demo- on the parameters of illegal immigra- get a lot more done. crats are afraid that they, too, might tion. The genius of American politics is for face a socialist primary and that their I am one who believes we should wel- us to be able to come together, to re- far left is so angry, hates President come and embrace legal immigrants— spect each other, to understand the

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.037 S18JYPT1 S5048 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 other fellow’s point of view, and then port and those made here domestically. have a well-thought-out plan of how to work out our differences. Because of the increased costs of steel get out of this mess. Again, with bipar- It is the same thing on the inter- or aluminum, the cost of those parts tisan consensus, it is the nature of the national stage. That is why we see it is are going up. Maybe the dealer that politics that we have to rein in. so difficult to reach international services your car and replaces parts is There is also the story of Micro agreements when people have gotten one thing, but what about the indi- Stamping, which is the sole supplier of hardened into positions because of race vidual entrepreneur, like the auto me- high-grade surgical equipment. That or religion or political balance. chanic shop that has to buy its parts equipment is used in the treatment of So if you note a tone of sadness in that all of a sudden has to charge breast cancer. Micro Stamping is con- this Senator’s voice, then you are cor- more? The big guys that deal in many templating shutting down because the rect because, again, we are seeing the more automobile repairs can spread President’s trade moves are stopping it polarization of American politics. that cost over a lot of people, but that from getting the specific type of steel Why can’t we have a law enforcement poor individual auto mechanic shop is it needs to manufacture the equipment. organization that also doesn’t have to getting hurt. It is happening right now, What about Hale Products? It is up in operate under a policy of separating and they are losing business. Ocala. It is also being crushed by the children from their parents? That is Take, for example, the marine manu- tariffs. It makes fire suppression equip- the commonsense point of view, but, facturing industry. Manufacturing ment. Since the cost of the tariffs is no, we devolve into these extremes. boats is a big industry in Florida. It is passed down to the end consumer, it TARIFFS worth $121 billion a year in Florida, says the tariffs will make it harder for Mr. President, I came to talk about which is 650,000 jobs in Florida and tens municipal fire departments—that are trade. of thousands of downstream jobs in already facing stiff budget con- Is the United States taken advantage Florida and nationwide. The industry straints—to buy the new, lighter of by other countries? You bet and es- in our State alone provides over $10 bil- weight lifesaving firefighting equip- pecially China. We have been letting lion in annual economic activity. All of ment. This will have repercussions be- them get away with it for years, but those businesses are really getting hurt yond the company’s immediate busi- you don’t try to correct that situation because the European Union, Canada, ness needs. by suddenly saying, I am going to im- and Mexico—three big export markets It is worth noting that what is going pose a tariff, as the President has, on for the boat manufacturers—are get- on is doing lasting damage to our stra- imported steel and aluminum: 25 per- ting orders cut because of the retalia- tegic alliances. The U.S. Government— cent on steel and 10 percent on alu- tory tariffs of 25 percent from the Eu- this executive branch—is treating our minum. ropean Union. They are not going to friends like enemies and is giving com- What happens then is, for the people sell any more boats to European cus- fort to our adversaries. This is no way who use those products in manufac- tomers if they have to pay an extra 25 to run a country. We should be working turing, whatever their business is, that percent. They will go elsewhere where with our allies to address our global is going to cause the cost of those they can get it cheap, and that means challenges. We ought to be advancing goods to go up. The consumers are 10 percent extra costs in Canada; 15 our shared interests, not just in trade going to be the ones who get hurt. By percent in Mexico. but in national security and a range of the way, what that is going to do, What is that going to do? There are things. again, is the extreme. If you do this, jobs in that boat manufacturing indus- Before we escalate these things and the person who is offended is going to try that will go away. They are brands they get out of hand, we need to think do this and do it more. that you might recognize like a little bit more about what we are That is exactly what is happening in Nautique, Bryant, and Bass Cat. They doing, why we are doing it, and if we this trade war that is suddenly starting are all brands of one company, Correct are doing it the right way. This Sen- to hurt all of us. In reaction to steel Craft, that I visited in Orlando this ator is saying we are not doing it the and aluminum tariffs that the United week. They manufacture boats and en- right way. What we are doing is send- States has imposed, good friends of gines in factories across the country, ing a message that America is closed ours, major trading partners of ours—I with their headquarters in Orlando. for business. I don’t think that is what am keeping China in a different cat- The President’s tariffs have increased we want to do. egory. I am talking about the Euro- the production costs considerably be- I urge my colleagues to join this Sen- pean Union; I am talking about Can- cause of the cost of aluminum and steel ator in shining the light of day on the ada, one of our closest friends; and I that goes into those boats. To add in- hard truth of what happens when you am talking about Mexico. In retalia- sult to the already existing injury, go along and make things up without tion for what we are doing to them, they are being hit with these retalia- having a clear plan for success, which they are now retaliating and putting tory tariffs from other countries where is exactly what this trade war right tariffs on other goods. They are put- they sell their goods. now is a product of. That kind of ap- ting tariffs on everything, not only for There is no sugarcoating it. We are in proach doesn’t work for the USA; it steel and aluminum but from washing the midst of a full-blown trade war. If doesn’t work for Florida; and it doesn’t machines to lobster, whiskey, and this thing gets out of control, it can work for the vast majority of hard- cheese. take us into an economic recession like working everyday Americans. I think We are starting to see the con- the Smoot-Hawley tariffs did in the re- it is time to come to our senses. sequences of these moves. People are cession that led to what is known as I yield the floor. starting to hurt. This Senator has the Great Depression. If we continue The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. heard from many businesses in his down this path without an exit strat- GARDNER). The Senator from Missouri. State that are starting to get hurt. In egy, we are going to regret it. COMMEMORATING THE NEGRO NATIONAL LEAGUE Florida, we are seeing the harmful ef- Already, our boat manufacturers in Mr. BLUNT. Mr. President, last fects of these tariffs. Mind you, it is Florida have lost tens of millions of night, the Major League Baseball All- not just the Budweiser Brewery that I dollars in canceled orders. Regal Ma- Star Game was hosted in Washington. visited several months ago in Jackson- rine Industries had $4 million worth of In conjunction with that game, the ville that produces 3.3 billion alu- orders fall through. The company esti- Negro Leagues Baseball Museum minum cans a year. Of course, the cost mates it will lose $13 million this year hosted an event to honor the Home- of those cans are going to go up, and it because of these tariffs, and that will stead Grays, which was one of the is going to be the consumer who pays, wind up costing people their jobs. It is teams from that league. There were but it is going to affect others in the no small thing. great teams in that league. The Home- restaurant industry, the medical device This is what happens when you get stead Grays had won the Negro League industry, the marine manufacturing in- excessively extreme, when you get par- World Series in 1943, which was 75 dustry, and the auto parts industry. tisan, when you act like you know it years ago. They had a great exhibit Let me tell you about the cost of all, when you improvise your way here in town about that team and these auto parts that we have to im- through a complicated world and don’t about the history of that league.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.038 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5049 The museum, which was founded in played for 37 seasons, and I already about the fact that the retired players 1990, is located in Kansas City, MO. It mentioned that Jackie Robinson who had not played in Major League is dedicated to highlighting and pre- played briefly for the Monarchs before Baseball but in the old Negro leagues serving that important part of our he went to the Dodgers. They won a in America—because they couldn’t get sports history—the history of African- dozen league championships. They sent into Major League Baseball, even while American baseball. Bob Kendrick runs more players than any other team to the rest of the teams were being inte- that museum, and it is a museum I the Major Leagues. The St. Louis grated, which took 11 years—had no would encourage all of my colleagues Stars, who were on the other side of pensions. Would you believe that Major to visit as the All-Star Game was in our State—originally the St. Louis Gi- League Baseball, through Bud Selig, fi- Kansas City a few years ago, and it was ants—played 12 seasons. They won the nally agreed to give them onetime pen- one of the venues for Major League league championship in 1928, in 1930, sion payments? Baseball. and in 1931. This Senator is so grateful because When people are in Kansas City, The real focus of the exhibit here this that has helped so many of the resi- playing the Royals, managers and week was on the Homestead Grays. dents in my State who are these great coaches often take their players Now, where did the Homestead Grays players. Senator BLUNT has so accu- there—players who haven’t been there come from? I think I already men- rately described their considerable tal- before and players who want to go tioned they were celebrating the 75th ents on the baseball field. back—just for them to have a sense of anniversary of winning the Negro Mr. BLUNT. I think that is an impor- what it was like when there was the League World Series in 1943. The Home- tant part of the history. segregation of baseball and also some stead Grays were originally based in There were a couple of players there of the great players who played there. Homestead, PA, just outside of Pitts- last night who had played in the The chairman of the board, Stewart burgh. league, and of course there are fewer of Myers, was here yesterday, and the In 1940, in 1941, and in 1942, they those players all the time. I have had a vice chairman, Adam Sachs, was here played at least half of their games here chance, as you have had, to meet and yesterday. in Washington. When the Washington talk to them over the years—to talk The museum is actually expanding Senators were traveling, the ballpark about the excitement of that kind of and building the Buck O’Neil Research would be available, and the Homestead baseball and their ability to entertain and Education Center on the Paseo in Grays would play games there. By 1943, both with their sportsmanship as well Kansas City. Buck O’Neil was a great they were playing about two-thirds of as just with their talent as sportsmen. Kansas Citian, but he had also been a their games in Washington and gen- I think it was a great league, and it great part of Negro Leagues Baseball. erally had more people at their games is a great story. I don’t know if the In June of this year, vandals broke into than the Washington Senators had at Senator has had a chance to go to the the YMCA, on which a lot of money their games. They won nine consecu- museum in Kansas City, but as a guy had already been spent. It was where tive league pennants from 1937 through who knew those players and appre- that part of the museum, the research 1945. ciates what that league was all about, center, was going to be housed. The There was even an effort, when the I would certainly love to go there with vandals did more damage than they Nationals team was brought here, to the Senator sometime. should have been able to do, and, unfor- call the Nationals the Washington Mr. NELSON. If the Senator will tunately, there was some water dam- Grays because of that tremendous yield, as a matter of fact, I am looking age in the building. Yet that effort con- team that had played here. The team forward to seeing that museum. tinues. owners chose the Nationals because it It was one of the Senator’s players on The Negro National League was cre- was one of the Washington Senators’ the Kansas City Monarchs—‘‘Peach- ated there in 1920 at that Paseo YMCA. official nicknames. That is an impor- Head’’ Bob Mitchell, retired, who was There was an owners meeting, and the tant part of our history right there, living in my State—who brought to the owners decided, It is time we really put and we are going to be celebrating the attention of his Senator the inequity more of a structure into this league. So 100th anniversary of that league in that had occurred in their never get- they established a league. Before 1920, 2020. ting pensions, even though they were these African-American teams I and Congressman CLEAVER, who is certainly capable of getting into Major barnstormed around the country and on the other side of this building, are League Baseball but, because of seg- played whomever they could play. looking at ways to draw more atten- regation, could not. After 1920, they could still barnstorm, tion to this great part of our story. It Mr. BLUNT. I am looking forward, but there was a league, there was a is sad because of the segregated ele- along with others, to celebrating that league championship, and there was a ments of it, but it is a great story be- century of history. It is an important structure they had not had before. cause of the entrepreneurship and the part of the story to be told, and I am In 1947, as every baseball fan knows, sportsmanship and the competitive na- glad the Senator has helped add to it the Brooklyn Dodgers decided to inte- ture of that league. here today. grate baseball, and Jackie Robinson, Mr. NELSON. Will the Senator yield? OPIOID EPIDEMIC who had played for the Kansas City Mr. BLUNT. I can tell the Senator is Mr. President, I also want to talk for Monarchs, was the first player to step interested. I am pleased to yield. a few minutes about the importance of into that challenge of integrated base- Mr. NELSON. Indeed, this Senator is getting the appropriations bills to the ball. The league lasted another 13 years interested. Would you believe that a Senate floor, and I want to do that by or so. I think the last team finally fold- lot of those retired players who are talking about the opioid epidemic. ed in the early 1960s. still living happen to live in Florida? Our annual opportunity to look at Some of the greatest baseball and the Mr. BLUNT. Right. that is legislative—legislative in terms most exciting baseball ever played was Mr. NELSON. Further, as the Sen- of deciding how to spend money as we played in this particular league— ator correctly pointed out, once Jackie try to deal with this epidemic that names like Satchel Paige, who said Robinson was able to break into the claims more lives than any other single about himself that he was so fast he majors in 1947, it would be another 11 accidental cause of death. For a long could turn off the light in the bedroom years—1958—before the last team in the time, car accidents predominated that and be in bed before it got dark. He was Major Leagues integrated. Would you list, but in virtually every State in the a great pitcher, and he was a great run- believe, for all of that period of time, country, more people die now from ner. Buck O’Neil, Satchel Paige, Cool these great baseball players who have drug overdoses than die from car acci- Papa Bell, Jackie Robinson, and 100 contributed so much had no pensions? dents. other names in that last 3 years of the Further, it was years later in this There are people of every age, such as 1940s who joined the Major Leagues are Senate—in the last decade—that, fi- the high school cheerleader in my all part of that story. nally, the Commissioner of Baseball hometown of Springfield, MO, who hurt Missouri teams were an important was brought in front of the Commerce her leg and got medicine for that leg part of that story. The Monarchs Committee in order to face the music injury. I think it was after 3 years of

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.040 S18JYPT1 S5050 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 struggling with addiction that her For a State like ours, the rate of may be the way everyone decides to mother found her dead in the bedroom opioid deaths has increased; opioid spend the money, but everyone ought from an overdose. overdose deaths have more than quad- to have a chance on this floor to say Every age, every race—there are sto- rupled in the past 15 years. That would ‘‘No, I think this money would be bet- ries of incredibly successful people who not be an unusual number for States to ter spent here and here, better spent received from the doctor or the dentist see. this way and that way.’’ Every single more pain medicine than they needed. Senator CAPITO from West Virginia Senator ought to be able to be part of It is not because that is what the doc- and I were here on the floor talking that discussion. tor or the dentist intended to do. Doc- about this earlier this year. This is not If we continue this process that we tors and dentists in the 1970s and 1980s necessarily an urban problem. In fact, have been in for a few years—one big were told: This is nonaddictive. There in most cases, it is more of a rural bill that nobody ever gets to vote on— is no reason for people to have pain. problem per capita than an urban prob- that means the Senators who aren’t on People could take these opioid-based lem per capita. We have set aside the Appropriations Committee will not painkillers and not have pain. That money targeted for those rural commu- have a say in establishing our national part was true. The part that wasn’t nities. There is $135 million set aside priorities. It is time to do that. true was the nonaddictive part. And for rural communities based on dif- These bills are all out of committee the part that wasn’t true was what you ferent things that appear to be needed and have been for almost a month now. would do when the doctor was no more in rural communities than in any We have had three of them on the floor longer giving you that medicine or you other communities. already. I think we plan to have four of could no longer act like you were get- A couple of hundred million dollars them on the floor next week, and ting the medicine because of pain goes into community health centers to maybe Defense, Labor, and HHS not when, by then, you were getting it for support people who have behavioral too long after that. some other reason. health concerns and mental health con- These are big issues that every Sen- The appropriations bill that our com- cerns. If you don’t have a mental ator should have a say in, and the only mittee has voted out and that we are health problem before you get addicted way that will happen is if these issues eager to get to the floor includes $3.7 to opioids, you have one once you have are decided right here on the floor. billion targeting the opioid epidemic. gotten addicted to opioids. So those Hopefully we will set some records, at It is a 1,300-percent increase over where funds go there to try to deal with that. least, of having these bills on the floor we were 4 years ago. Congress has be- Senator STABENOW and I introduced a and debated. come more aware of not only how wide- bill a few years ago, the Excellence in I yield the floor. spread the epidemic is but also the in- Mental Health Act, and eight of our The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- credible human cost of the epidemic. States now have a situation where they ator from Pennsylvania. The bill includes almost half of that are treating, in that eight-State pilot, Mr. TOOMEY. Mr. President, I want money, $1.5 billion, for State opioid re- behavioral health problems like all to reflect on some of the data that has sponse grants. One reason we are doing other health problems. That particu- been coming in on our economy in re- this with grants is we really don’t larly steps up if someone with an sponse to our tax reform and deregula- know all of the options yet, and we opioid addiction problem has a behav- tory push. haven’t been able to evaluate the best ioral health problem they wouldn’t Before I do, I want to commend my ways to deal with this. We do feel in have had otherwise. And there is no colleague from Missouri and thank him our committee and in Congress that it limit. Just as there would be no limit for his leadership and work on the in- is unlikely that the best way to deal if you had kidney dialysis, there is also credible crisis of opioids we are dealing with this in one place is necessarily the no limit in those eight States for your with. It is not a uniformly national cri- best way to deal with it in other behavioral health problems. There is sis; it is more concentrated regionally, places. no limit where, if you haven’t whipped and my State of Pennsylvania is af- My State of Missouri received $10 this in 28 days, you are going to have fected as badly as any place in the million last year. We will receive $28 to deal with this as a unique problem. country. million this year if this grant funding Dealing with mental health and behav- I am pleased we have been able to is approved, and other States will go up ioral health in the same way matters take a number of constructive meas- proportionately, exactly as we did. in all cases, but it particularly seems ures, but we have a lot of work yet to What did we do with that money in to apply as people try to beat addic- do as we try to deal with this scourge. our State of Missouri to see how we tion. I want to thank him for that. could deal with this epidemic? More The Department of Labor and Health TAX REFORM than 1,700 people have received evi- and Human Services bill includes $60 Mr. President, on tax reform, before I dence-based medical treatment for million for child abuse prevention and get into some of the macro and statis- opioid-use disorder; 1,700 people in the treatment programs to support what tics that are really, really incredibly last 12 months or so have received that. happens in families when someone in encouraging, I just want to touch on a More than 4,300 kits of naloxone, which that family gets into a situation of couple of constituent companies and is what you take when you overdose, abuse. their employees and how our tax re- have been distributed. That is less ef- The number of people who become form is affecting them. fective sometimes than it used to be addicted needs to change, but also how One is a company called Glass & Sons because of fentanyl, and people don’t we deal with pain needs to change. So Collision Repair. They are located in have any idea, when they are trying to there is some unique money available Reading, PA, which is in the eastern help you with what you put into your to the National Institutes of Health to part of our State. They recently an- system—and you don’t either—so, oc- try to develop a pain medicine that is nounced that they will be paying $1,000 casionally, you will get that shot to re- nonaddictive; $500 million went toward tax reform bonuses to all of their em- lieve you from the overdose and think that effort. ployees—$1,000. This is a small busi- that has helped, and then suddenly In all of these cases, we feel as ness. It is a father-and-son business. what you have put into your system though we have produced a good bill The owners, Charles and Trevor Glass, overwhelms even that normal cure if out of our committee. It has about one- made the decision to pay the bonuses you get it on time. ‘‘Cure’’ might be third of the money in it after defense is right after they met with their ac- the wrong word because all it does is taken off the table. It is a big bill that countants and learned how much they save you that one time. covers a large jurisdiction. are going to save as a result of tax re- Around 4,000 people have received Everyone in the Senate deserves a form. The first thing they did is say: training on what to do in the event of chance to be part of this debate. Every- We are going to share this with our em- an overdose. About 10,000 people have one in the Senate deserves to look at ployees. It is a terrific development for received training in our State on topics how the appropriators—I think it was everyone involved. from treatment to prevention to recov- 33 to 1 that they voted for this bill— There is another company on the ery. have decided to spend the money. It other side of the State, in Somerset,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.041 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5051 the southwestern part of the State. It Well, one of the things we wanted to in it. That compares to about half a is a company called Guy Chemical. have happen as a result of our tax re- million workers in the first half of last They recently announced that not only form was that we wanted to see more year and about 600,000 in 2016. So there are they increasing wages and bonuses, capital expenditures—more companies was a big surge in the number of work- but they are also making all new in- putting money to work buying plants, ers coming back into the workforce, vestments, including buying a new plant equipment, technology, and and they are finding jobs. It has im- forklift, updated computer equipment, tools. Guess what. For the first quarter proved our overall population, our new software, and they are building a of this year, there was tremendous overall percentage of working-age peo- new lab for research and development growth in capital expenditures by ple who are, in fact, working. As I say, that will be five times the size of their American businesses. It is up over 7 it is across all demographic groups and old lab. They are doing this because of percent, well above even the ambitious contributing enormously, first and tax reform and the confidence they estimate that came out from the Con- foremost, to improving the quality of have in the economic growth that is gressional Budget Office late last year. their lives and their family’s lives but occurring in this reformed environ- I think one of the most amazing sta- also our overall economic growth. ment. tistics about this whole employment What else did we get from the June It is not only individuals who work picture is what happened in March. We jobs report? In June—in the month of for companies that have been able to saw that in the month of March— June alone—there were 213,000 jobs pay higher wages and bonuses who ben- again, the first time ever that I am added. That is a very, very rapid pace. efit from tax reform; it is just about aware of—the number of job openings Oh, by the way, these numbers are al- everyone. About 93 percent of all of the in America, meaning the number of ways provided subsequently. So in folks I represent and all of the folks we available jobs that need to be filled, June we got the revision for April and all represent—when they file their tax was greater than the number of people May, months that had good job growth. return for this year’s income, they are looking for jobs. Think about that. It turns out that it was even better going to pay less in Federal income There are more jobs available in Amer- than we thought. All together, there taxes. ica than there are people looking for were 37,000 more jobs when we revised According to the Tax Foundation, jobs in America. That is terrific for the April and May numbers than we the direct savings for a Pennsylvania people who need work. The jobs are out had originally figured. family with an income in the $50,000 to there. There was a modest uptick in the un- $70,000 range—it will be about $1,400 in The National Federation of Inde- employment rate, but don’t be fooled savings. pendent Business, which is America’s by that. That is because with so many In addition to the direct savings from largest network of small businesses, additional people entering the work- a lower Federal tax bill, because of the were surveyed in June. Sixty-three per- force, we are counting far more people savings that Pennsylvania utilities cent—almost two-thirds—of these now in how we determine that. have on their Federal tax bill, they are small business owners reported that One of the truly exciting things required to pass that on to their cus- they were hiring or trying to hire. That about this is that for many, many tomers, and that is exactly what they is the highest level we have seen since years, we have had stagnant wages. are doing. So far it is a combined $320 1999. And 87 percent of those who are Wages just weren’t rising very rapidly. million in annual savings to Pennsyl- trying to hire, or are actually hiring It is because productivity wasn’t grow- vania consumers in the form of lower people, are concerned that there are ing. That, I think, was being driven by utility bills as a result of our tax re- just too few people out there available the fact that there wasn’t considerable form. to be hired. growth in capital expenditures. Now There is no question that there are So, in a way, the economy is growing that we have changed that dynamic tremendous, direct personal and indi- so robustly and the job opportunities and capital expenditure is growing, vidual benefits across the board. Re- are expanding so quickly that we have productivity is growing and wages are lated to that is the fact that the econ- a shortage of workers. We have too few starting to grow. I am not satisfied omy is just taking off. The economy people available to meet the demand with the growth yet, but it is very en- has been on fire. This year it has been for all of these jobs. It is the right couraging that the direction is posi- tremendous. problem to have. tive. Nothing reflects the strong economic So what happens as a result of that? Based on the employment cost index, data better than the employment pic- It is exactly what we predicted. People wages grew about 2.9 percent in the ture. It is fair to say that the employ- who have decided to leave the work- first quarter. That is the fastest pace ment picture in America may never force, to give up on work—people who in a decade—the fastest pace in 10 have been this good. I know that is are of working age and are healthy but years. Average hourly earnings for making a very bold statement, but decided, for whatever reason, not to nonmanagers rose at their fastest pace stay with me here as we go through work—are coming back into the work- in 9 years. some of this data. force. They are coming back in big In June, interestingly, pay for work- In the month of May, we had the low- numbers. In the month of June, over ers who switched jobs rose at 3.8 per- est unemployment rate since 2000—the 600,000 Americans who had worked in cent, which is a clear indication that lowest unemployment rate in 18 years. the past but then had stepped out of employers are forced to bid up wages The African-American unemployment the workforce for whatever reason because they need to hire workers, and rate hit an all-time record low. It has came back into the workforce. The big- they are having trouble finding the never been measured as low as it was in gest proportion of these folks are peo- workers. May, at 5.9 percent. Likewise, the His- ple who have never gone to college, but This whole dynamic is very, very en- panic unemployment rate hit an all- they have a renewed confidence and op- couraging. It means wages are growing time record low, at 4.6 percent in June. timism about the economy. They have and are likely to grow more. Small business optimism was at the confidence in opportunities available I should also point out that there is second highest level on record ever, to them, despite the fact that they a feature in the arithmetic that sug- this past month of May. don’t have a college income. They have gests that it could mask the extent to Dividends paid from overseas subsidi- decided that they are going to reenter which wages are growing. What I am aries of U.S multinationals, dividends the workforce and, in the process, start referring to is when I say that average paid back home—money that is sitting to improve their standard of living. wages are growing by 2.7 percent. That overseas and invested back in Amer- By the way, the labor force participa- is true, but let’s keep in mind that ica—reached an all-time record high in tion rate rose really across, I think, all when we get a surge of new people into the first quarter because we changed ethnic groups, including women, men, the workforce, most of those people are the rules to diminish the penalties we African Americans, and Hispanics. It is coming in at the lower end of the wage used to have when an American com- up across the board. spectrum. Maybe it is their first job or pany brought income that was earned So far this year, over 1 million work- maybe they have been out of work for overseas back home. ers who had left the workforce are back a long time, or maybe, as I pointed out,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.042 S18JYPT1 S5052 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 they don’t have the same level of edu- The Federal Government budget is excess heat trapped in the atmosphere cation and skills of people already in driven more than anything else by how by those greenhouse gases. As a result the workforce. So they are starting at strong our economy is and how many of that excess carbon dioxide and that a lower-than-average wage. So all else people are working. Everybody work- excess heat, our oceans are warming, being equal, that would tend to bring ing is paying taxes. Every company and they are rising. They are losing ox- the average down. So despite that, that is making money is paying taxes. ygen, and they are growing more acid- when you have growth, that tells us So revenue coming into the Federal ic. This puts marine life, coastal com- that people who have been continu- Government is likely to be very strong. munities, and the global ocean econ- ously employed are getting an even So I am very optimistic. I think it is omy all in jeopardy. bigger growth in their wages. very clear that the combination of Commercial fishing is an important So this is very, very encouraging. I pushing back on excessive regulation economy in the United States, and think it is likely to continue. It is ex- and a tremendously pro-growth tax re- both Maine and Rhode Island celebrate actly what we were hoping would hap- form has led to this growth. our longstanding fishing traditions. pen as a result of our tax reform. I should warn that I think there is a According to the National Marine Fish- But there is another whole develop- bit of a cloud on the horizon. I hope it eries Service, over 9.6 billion pounds of ment that is not directly about wages, doesn’t develop into a big storm. Right wild seafood, valued at $5.3 billion, was but when you think about it, it makes now it is just a cloud, but that cloud is commercially landed in the United a lot of sense. With all of these people trade policy that could really start to States in 2016. finding work, with all of these opportu- hinder economic growth. Across New England, American lob- nities for work and people coming back It is interesting. We had testimony ster was our most valuable fishery. We into the workforce, guess what. There at the Banking Committee just yester- had lobstermen bringing around $663 is a reduction in dependency on govern- day from Fed Chairman Powell. I million—two-thirds of $1 billion—worth ment programs because people are able pointed out that the minutes for the of lobster to shore. Sadly, Rhode Is- to earn the income to support their June meeting of the Federal Reserve’s land’s lobster fishery is badly knocked families. Open Market Committee had a dis- down by warming ocean waters. NOAA So, for instance, in the 4-week aver- turbing reference. I will quote briefly: notes: ‘‘The lobster industry in New age of unemployment benefits claims, The FOMC minutes for June stated: York and southern New England has one of the things we monitor closely, ‘‘Some Districts indicated’’—they refer nearly collapsed.’’ Maine dominated the number of people who are col- to the various districts around the the catch, bringing in nearly 85 percent lecting unemployment hit a 45-year country—‘‘that plans for capital spend- of the lobster landed in the region. low of 213,000 in May—45 years. You ing had been scaled back or postponed According to NOAA, from ‘‘1994 to have to go back 45 years to find so few as a result of uncertainty over trade 2014, Maine’s landings surged 219 per- people who required unemployment for policy.’’ cent to more than 124 million pounds.’’ an extended period of time. It is really That is a warning. That is a warning The lobster population is shifting amazing, when we consider how much to us. If we spiral down into a full- north, away from Rhode Island, New bigger a country we are today, that we blown trade war—and we certainly York, and Connecticut, as waters have gotten down to a number that was have a lot of skirmishes going on—and warm, leaving Rhode Island and other matched only 45 years ago—amazing. if this spirals out of control, business southern New England lobster traps We can look at the disability bene- will start to pull back. They will lose empty. But Mainers are taking notice, fits. According to the Social Security the confidence they have had, and that too, as warming waters are driving lob- Administration, fewer Americans ap- could lead to diminished capital ex- ster even farther north along their plied for disability benefits last year penditures, which will start to really rocky coast. A recent study of 700 than at any time since 2002, 16 years diminish the tremendous growth that North American marine species pre- since we have had a number this low. we have seen. dicted that lobster populations could We can also look at the food stamp So far for this year the economic pic- program. Two million people have move 200 miles northward by the end of ture has been extremely encouraging. come off of food stamps because they the century as waters continue to Benefits are very broad-based. Eco- are working and they are earning warm. Senator KING can report what nomic growth is broad and strong. enough that they either don’t need it 200 miles does to the coast of Maine. There are employment numbers that or they don’t qualify anymore. Lobster is not the only fishery feel- So these are very, very encouraging we haven’t seen in decades. I believe ing the heat in New England. A 2017 trends. As I say, because the driver is a this can continue. It is much more study of global warming found that the new set of incentives that is encour- likely to continue if we avoid a dam- greater Northeast region is anticipated aging capital expenditure and, there- aging trade war. to warm faster than other regions of fore, productivity growth, I think this With that, I yield the floor. the world. According to the ‘‘Climate The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- is really likely to continue. Science Special Report,’’ a Federal re- The macro GDP numbers reflect this ator from Rhode Island. port that will form the scientific basis as well. The Congressional Budget Of- CLIMATE CHANGE of the Fourth National Climate Assess- fice last year estimated that growth Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Mr. President, I ment, ‘‘the Northeast has warmed fast- for 2018 would be about 2 percent. As a am grateful today to be joined by Sen- er than 99% of the global ocean since result of tax reform, they revised that ator KING, from the great State of 2004.’’ We have a global ocean hotspot up to 3.3 percent. Maine, to speak about the troubling off our coast. The Northeast is also ex- As for estimates for the second quar- changes that we are seeing in the pected to see higher than global aver- ter—the quarter that just ended—we oceans and how climate change is re- age sea level rise, putting our ports, don’t have the numbers yet. It is still a shaping our States’ fisheries. fishing docks, and coastal infrastruc- couple of weeks away, but the esti- The Food and Agriculture Organiza- ture all at risk. mates are that growth was probably tion of the United Nations recognizes Fishermen have noticed. They are equal, maybe even more than 4 percent. that ‘‘climate change imperils the keenly aware of the myriad ways cli- So we have had tremendous growth. structure and function of already mate change is altering the waters We already had a great first quarter stressed coastal aquatic ecosystems.’’ that generations of their families have relative to other first quarters, and the For the record, Maine and Rhode Island fished, and they see the difference. second quarter is probably very, very are indeed aquatic. Fishermen in Rhode Island have told big. The oceans have absorbed approxi- me: ‘‘Sheldon, things are getting weird All of this, of course, means that if mately 30 percent of the excess carbon out there.’’ this growth is sustained, which I think dioxide that we have pumped into the ‘‘Sheldon, it’s not my grandfather’s it is likely to be, not only will we con- atmosphere since the Industrial Revo- ocean.’’ tinue to have good employment num- lution began. That is changing the They share anecdotes of catching in- bers like we have had, but we are also ocean’s chemistry. The oceans have creasing numbers of tropical fish early going to have good budget numbers. also absorbed roughly 90 percent of the in the summer season and seeing fish

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.043 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5053 that rarely frequented Rhode Island so its numbers have spiked off New England The growth in the northern group more waters until recent years. As new fish and it is becoming a more important catch than made up for the southern group’s medi- move in and traditional fish move out, for the region’s fishermen. ocre numbers, and the assessment deter- In a telling sign of black sea bass’s surge in mined the total population of the fish to be fishermen are left with more questions Rhode Island, the state Department of Envi- nearly two and a half times higher than the than answers. ronmental Management last month loosened minimum stock threshold set by regulators In Southern New England, black sea regulations governing the recreational fish- ‘‘That was a really big step forward,’’ said bass has become the poster fish for ery for the species, extending the season by Jason McNamee, chief of marine resource shifting stocks. As we can see in this 31 days and increasing the fall possession management for the DEM. ‘‘The science is graphic, the 1970s had a hub of black limit to seven fish per person per day, from now catching up to what’s going on with the sea bass here, with this as the center five. environment.’’ It may appear to be a small development, But despite the robust overall picture for and then a slight reach upward but ba- but the rules change resulted from a heated the fish, the ASFMC’s proposed quotas for sically off the mid-Atlantic coast. This debate among state and federal regulators this year called for a 12-percent reduction in is 2014. The center of activity has about how best to manage a species whose the northern region’s catch to allow the moved up closer to Rhode Island. We distribution and abundance has gone through southern region, the historic center of the are right here. Of course, black sea a striking shift that few would have imag- black sea bass fishery, to increase its share. bass populations in our region have in- ined a generation ago. Rhode Island, New York, Massachusetts The back-and-forth over the fish also sig- creased concomitantly. and Connecticut filed an appeal, and on May nals more difficulties to come as regulators 3, the fisheries commission relented, allow- This commercially valuable fish, the struggle to respond to the impacts of climate ing what amounts to a four-percent increase black sea bass, can help Rhode Island change on the marine environment. Similar for the northern region. fishermen replace traditional species issues are already playing out with summer The stakes are high for Rhode Island, that are growing more scarce, like win- flounder, another warm-water fish that is be- which is experiencing deep changes to the ter flounder—the fish my wife studied coming more common off the north Atlantic composition of its marine species because of for her graduate work—which has coast. its location, at the junction of what ocean How they are managed will have important crashed as winters warm. scientists call the Boreal Province—cold implications not only for those fish but for waters that include the Gulf of Maine to the The current fisheries’ management lobsters and other key species in the ocean north—and the Virginian Province—warmer structure, however, forces Rhode Island ecosystem. waters of the mid-Atlantic to the south. fishermen to toss the increasingly ‘‘We’re in an adaptive mode right now,’’ ‘‘We’re right at the front lines of these abundant and valuable black sea bass said Bob Ballou, assistant to the director of changes,’’ McNamee said. ‘‘These mid-Atlan- overboard. NOAA scientists saw this the Rhode Island Department of Environ- tic species are our most important species northward transit of the sea bass com- mental Management and chairman of the At- now.’’ lantic States Marine Fisheries Commission’s ing years ago, but regulatory catch Dave Monti reeled in another black sea black sea bass and summer flounder boards. bass. limits did not keep up. They are gen- ‘‘It’s occupying all our time to think Like the five others caught in Narragan- erally based on historical catches. And through all the approaches to better manage sett Bay on a recent morning, at less than 15 States are hesitant to give up quota these resources.’’ inches long, it was too small to keep. So even after the fish have moved north- One of the key assumptions that the na- Monti started working the hook out of its ward and left their shores, so State- tion’s fishery management system is built mouth. upon is that species don’t move between gen- specific quotas badly lag the changing ‘‘You’ve got to be careful of the dorsal eral geographic regions. fin,’’ he warned. ‘‘It’ll stick right into you.’’ distribution of the fish. That traditional regulatory framework As regulators have tightened catch limits A former Mid-Atlantic Fishery Man- held up for a long time, but rising water for striped bass and other saltwater game agement Council scientist acknowl- temperatures and the resulting shifts in spe- fish that were historically abundant in edged that fish like summer flounder cies distribution and abundance are forcing Rhode Island waters, black sea bass has are moving north and told NPR that the beginnings of change. filled the void, said Monti, a charter boat ‘‘some of the Southern states are hav- In the case of black sea bass, it’s not that captain who docks his boat in Wickford Har- the population of the fish is simply relo- ing trouble catching their quota, and bor. cating north. Numbers are still decent in the ‘‘They’ve saved my charters over the past states to the north have more avail- southern portion of the fish’s range, but they couple years when other fish aren’t around,’’ ability of fish.’’ are much stronger now off the coasts of New he said. Dave Monti is a friend who is a char- York, Connecticut, Rhode Island and Massa- Seas were too rough to visit his favorite ter boat captain out of Wickford Har- chusetts—places where the waters used to be place to fish for black sea bass, a patch of bor in North Kingstown, RI. Dave said: too cold to support large populations. waters in the open ocean near Brenton Reef In Rhode Island, water temperatures in There’s no doubt the waters have warmed off Newport, so he steered his 44-foot boat Narragansett Bay have risen about 31⁄2–de- and black sea bass have moved in. The the Virginia Joan to a few spots in the Bay grees Fahrenheit since 1959, according to quotas haven’t done a good enough job at fig- between Jamestown and Narragansett. weekly monitoring done by the Graduate Black sea bass is a reef fish that likes uring in climate change yet. School of Oceanography at the University of rocky bottoms and patrols the waters around Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- Rhode Island. Warmer winters, in particular, jetties and pilings for prey. It’s a hermaphro- sent to have printed in the RECORD an have allowed black sea bass to thrive this far dite—some fish switch sexes as adults. The article from the Providence Journal north. species can be found off Rhode Island year- describing the changes that Captain In the 1980s and 1990s, a fish trawl survey round, typically coming inshore to the Bay Monti sees and our local efforts to deal conducted by the DEM rarely caught a single in the spring to spawn and wintering farther black sea bass in Rhode Island waters, but off the coast. with these changes. incidence of the species has risen steadily, Just south of the Jamestown Verrazzano There being no objection, the mate- especially over the past decade, and now Bridge, Monti reached for a rod from a hold- rial was ordered to be printed in the each trawl nets about two black sea bass on er overhead. He called it his ‘‘sea bass slay- RECORD, as follows: average. er.’’ It was fitted with a shiny, red-tinted [From the Providence Journal] Because black sea bass move between fed- lure and he baited the hook with a slice of eral and state waters, the fish is managed FRONT LINE OF CLIMATE CHANGE: BLACK SEA squid and a little fish called a silverside. A jointly by the federal government, through BASS SURGE OFF R.I. few minutes later, the first black sea bass the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Coun- was caught. (By Alex Kuffner) cil, and states, including Rhode Island, It doesn’t take much work to find the fish PROVIDENCE, RI.—Scientists tell us that through the Atlantic States Marine Fish- these days, said Rick Bellavance, president some fish will be winners and others losers eries Commission. of the Rhode Island Party and Charter Boat as oceans warm. Although scientists have long known that Association. In Rhode Island, count lobster, silver hake concentrations of the fish have been shifting ‘‘Black sea bass are a charter boat opera- and winter flounder among the losers, their north toward the Gulf of Maine, it wasn’t tor’s dream,’’ he said. ‘‘They’re pretty preva- numbers plummeting as climate change until 2016 that regulators started to factor in lent, they’re easy to catch, and they taste drives water temperatures higher. On the list the change. great.’’ of winners so far are squid, summer flounder, That year, a new stock assessment for On a recent charter to Block Island, the six butterfish. black sea bass formally recognized for the clients on Bellavance’s boat caught only two And black sea bass. The population of the first time two distinct populations of the striped bass and one bluefish between them, dusky-colored fish with striking blue accents fish, a northern group around New England so he started setting lines for black sea bass. has historically been strongest off the mid- and a southern group from New Jersey to the They promptly snagged 20 of the fish that Atlantic Coast, but over the past decade or Carolinas. were big enough to take home.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.045 S18JYPT1 S5054 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 Although he applauded the new regula- need to be culled or to rodents afflicting percent of the longfin squid caught on tions, he said the changes have been slow to farmers. the east coast was landed in Rhode Is- come and haven’t gone far enough. He’d like ‘‘It’s like owning a corn bin full of rats and land. According to NOAA, this catch to have the current six-month season ex- nobody’s allowed to get rid of them,’’ he was valued at over $28 million, ac- said. tended year-round and the per-person daily counting for nearly 30 percent of our limit raised to 10 fish. Despite the recent changes, scientists and ‘‘We need to recognize that the stock has fishermen in Rhode Island say that the man- landings value in 2016. But climate shifted to the north and to the east,’’ he said. agement system for black sea bass is still change is putting our calamari at risk. ‘‘Rhode Island is closer to that epicenter outdated. Warm waters may actually open more than it used to be.’’ Tellingly, none of the New England states habitat for the species, but its carbon Monti, who is vice president of the Rhode has a seat on the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Man- cousin, ocean acidification, is the haz- Island Marine Fisheries Council, which ad- agement Council—one of the two key deci- ard. Like its shellfish brethren, squid vises the DEM on state fishing policy, sion-making bodies for the species—even require calcium carbonate—for squid, agreed. though much of the fish’s population is lo- it is to grow the hard beaks they use to ‘‘There’s no doubt the waters have warmed cated off the region’s coast. and black sea bass have moved in,’’ he said. That has meant that allocations remain feed. Acidic waters decrease the avail- ‘‘The quotas haven’t done a good enough job high for fishing boats in states like Virginia ability of this necessary compound in at figuring in climate change yet.’’ and North Carolina that must sometimes the seawater and can even dissolve cal- About half the morning’s catch on Monti’s travel half a day north to find the fish, while cium carbonate organisms’ shells under boat were black sea bass. Among the rest Rhode Island boats are forced to discard extremely acidic conditions. were other warm-water fish that are becom- their catch because, local fishermen say, On the west coast, shellfish farmers ing more common in Rhode Island: scup and their quotas aren’t high enough. have been dealing with ocean acidifica- summer flounder. The southern states don’t want to give up tion since the mid-2000s. Dr. Richard After Monti freed the little black sea bass their share because black sea bass fetches a from the hook, he held it in his hand. As the Feely is the researcher who first iden- good price—more than $3 a pound on aver- tified ocean acidification as the cause fish age, their scales become more blue. This age—and the commercial fishery is growing one had yet to develop the bright coloring, in value—tripling since 2009 to more than $12 for oyster spat failures in the North- but it was still striking. million. west back in 2005. He noted in a recent ‘‘Pretty, isn’t it?’’ Monti said as he The black sea bass study being done by the NPR article that the acidification dropped it back into the Bay. CFRF is using different gear types—from gill problem is only going to get worse. Not everyone loves the fish. nets to trawls to lobster traps—to gather ‘‘The acidification water welling up Black sea bass have voracious appetites, more data on the species and strengthen from the ocean floor now contains car- hunting on the ocean bottom for crabs, stock assessments that may be missing some clams and shrimp. The fish don’t have teeth bon dioxide gas emitted 50 years ago.’’ fish. Carbon emissions are worse since then. but will swallow crustaceans whole. Malek Mercer said that scientists are get- Lobstermen complain of pulling up their ting a better understanding of the fish’s Some hatcheries in the Northwest are traps and finding black sea bass inside that changing population, but managing the spe- already moving operations to less acid- have gobbled up their lobsters. cies is the problem. ic waters off Hawaii, and others are ‘‘I see it everyday,’’ said Lanny Dellinger, ‘‘For better or worse, science is not going looking to buffer the water with a Newport lobsterman and board member of to fix that,’’ she said. ‘‘But if we get our seagrasses to absorb carbon and lower the Rhode Island Lobstermen’s Association. management there, I do think we can have a acidity. Shellfish farmers in Rhode Is- ‘‘Everyday, every trawl. It doesn’t matter if really strong black sea bass fishery here.’’ it’s mud bottom, hard bottom, deep water, land are facing the challenge of McNamee described the management sys- acidifying waters as well. shallow water. There are so many black sea tem as ‘‘deliberative and slow by design.’’ He bass, it’s unbelievable.’’ At the same time, marine species are acknowledged the frustration felt by Rhode also facing deoxygenation, increased The rise of black sea bass is coming at the Island fishermen who have seen the state’s same time that the lobster catch is on a traditional groundfish stocks drop off while harmful algae, and other consequences steep decline in Rhode Island, falling from black sea bass proliferate. of a warming and acidifying ocean. The 8.2 million pounds in 1998 to 2.3 million ‘‘There’s still way more fish to catch than symptoms of climate change in the pounds in 2016, according to the National fishermen can get access to,’’ he said. ocean are everywhere. Marine Fisheries Service. Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Mr. President, we A recent study in Global Change Bi- Lobster is a cold-water species that is mov- ology warned that reduced oxygen ing north as Rhode Island’s waters warm. have to fix this. To use the black sea The higher water temperatures have made bass example, the species is comanaged availability could limit the growth of the lobsters that remain more susceptible to by the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Manage- fish and other species. Fishermen can’t shell disease. Dellinger and others believe ment Council and the Atlantic States make a living off sick and tiny fish. California’s lucrative Dungeness and that predation by black sea bass is also push- Marine Fisheries Commission. Rhode rock crab season was cut short in 2015 ing down the lobster numbers. Island only has a seat on the Atlantic Black sea bass could be contributing to the to 2016 due to a harmful algae bloom. decline, but the fish is probably not the pri- States Commission; it does not have a Our Great Lakes have been hit too. I mary cause, said Jon Hare, science and re- vote on the Mid-Atlantic Council. That went out on Lake Erie after the hor- search director at the National Oceanic and means that my State is not fully rep- rible algae event there, and the fisher- Atmospheric Administration’s Northeast resented in the decision-making proc- men who took me out sounded like Fisheries Science Center in Woods Hole. ess, and perfectly good black sea bass Crabs and other crustaceans that the fish eat Rhode Islanders. One of them said: keeps being thrown into the sea by ‘‘Everything I’ve learned from fishing a aren’t feeling similar impacts, he said. fishermen who ought to be able to McNamee agreed, saying that the fish gen- lifetime on this lake is worth nothing erally prey on smaller juvenile lobsters, bring that catch home. now, because it’s all changing so fast.’’ leaving the bigger ones alone. In 2016, NOAA scientists assessed the If we have an opportunity to have an As part of a larger study of black sea bass, vulnerability to the effects of climate open, bipartisan debate on a strong the Rhode Island-based Commercial Fish- change of over 80 commercially valu- Magnuson-Stevens Act reauthoriza- eries Research Foundation is analyzing the able species in the Northeast. So this is tion, I urge my colleagues not to over- gut contents of fish caught by nine partici- not just a story about black sea bass or look the toll climate change is taking pating commercial and recreational boats. about lobsters; this Northeast climate on our fishing industry. The changes ‘‘We know that black sea bass do eat lob- vulnerability assessment ranked spe- ster, but we just don’t know if the rate of that are happening in our oceans do consumption is having an impact on the size cies based on climate risk and sen- not care whether you believe they of the lobster population,’’ said Anna Malek sitivities to changing ocean conditions. exist. The physics, chemistry, and biol- Mercer, executive director of the foundation. Here is the climate risk factor graph. ogy driving these changes will happen One lobsterman sent her photos of a 21⁄2- As we see, all 80 species scored in the anyway, and our fishermen are depend- inch long lobster found inside a black sea high or very high risk of climate expo- ing on us to give the scientists and the bass in a trap. sure categories. All 80 commercially managers the tools and resources they ‘‘When they end up in lobster traps, there valuable species they studied faced usually aren’t any lobsters inside,’’ she said. need to meet the challenges climate Dellinger wants loosened regulations on high or very high risk. This is a red change is bringing to our shores. both the recreational and commercial sides flag for our fisheries. I now yield to my friend from Maine to allow fishermen to catch more black sea Maine is the place for lobster. In to give the perspective from his rocky bass. He likened the fish to coyotes that Rhode Island, squid is king. In 2016, 56 shores.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.032 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5055 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Now let me talk about the effects in My friend tells me, today they are ator from Maine. my home State. First the good news. catching triggerfish in the Gulf of Mr. KING. Mr. President, I first want Lobster landings in Maine are up. We Maine, which is a North Carolina spe- to thank Professor—I mean Senator have ridden a lobster boom over the cies. They have even caught seahorses WHITEHOUSE for the information he past 30 years. Since the 1980s, the in lobster traps. This is a dramatic shared. It was compelling, important, poundage of lobsters harvested in change as the waters warm. and very worthy of our deep consider- Maine has grown 500 percent. When I As I mentioned, if they get close to ation. was Governor, a good harvest of lob- the 68-degree level, the lobster popu- To talk about renewing the Magnu- sters was 50 to 60 million pounds; 2 lation is in trouble. It is not only lob- son-Stevens Act without talking about years ago, it was 127 million pounds— sters. By the way, lobstering is a seri- the effects of climate change and the more than double. That is the good ous business in Maine—half a billion effects on the water itself would be an news. dollars just in land value, a billion and enormous missed opportunity. The bad news is that it is starting to a half dollars in the overall economic First, I commend Senator WHITE- change, and we may have seen the impact of this species to our State. HOUSE, the Senator from Rhode Island, turning point in this boom. We don’t By the way, before I leave the ques- for his longstanding commitment to know that, but the last 2 years have tion of lobsters, I have to acknowledge the issue of climate change, the well- been down substantially from the peak the comments made by the Senator worn ‘‘Time to Wake Up’’ poster, and in 2016. We will see what happens this from Pennsylvania earlier when he was the work he has done over the years to year. Hopefully, it is a blip and not a talking about the economy, and he force us to pay attention to this issue. trend. flashed a warning light at the end of I am, as he indicated, going to talk By the way, one of the reasons the his remarks about trade and tariffs. We about what is going on in the Gulf of lobster industry has survived and flour- are already seeing the negative impact Maine, but I want to broaden the dis- ished in Maine is not only the favor- of what I consider ill-considered tariffs cussion just for a few moments to talk able impact of gradual increases in on China. The first place they retali- about the issue of climate change as a temperature but because of the con- ated was against lobsters. Twenty per- broader question before us. servation ethic of the lobstermen cent of the entire lobster catch in This isn’t some environmental themselves, who voluntarily throw Maine is sold and exported to China. It dream. It is not something that was in- back egg-bearing females. They cut a is our fastest growing market. If the V-notch in their tails so they won’t be vented by someone. It was discovered Chinese tariffs they have already an- caught again. If they are too small or by scientists, and it is dollars and nounced are imposed and fully imple- too large, they throw them back. An cents. It is the most practical problem mented, it could cut that to zero. that we have to deal with. amazing ethic of conservation has been Canada doesn’t have those tariffs. I am on the Armed Services Com- imbued in the culture of lobstering and Canada is not engaging in a trade war mittee. We are talking about military also in our laws for many years. So the with China. Canada and other coun- fact that we still have a lobster fishery bases all over the world—some as close tries are moving into the vacuum we and that it is as vigorous and as pro- as right down in this region and then have created. The idea that we can im- ductive as it is, is due in large measure down toward Norfolk, VA—that are pose tariffs on other countries without to the creativity and conservation under a severe threat from rising sea any ill effects here just isn’t true. levels and that are going to cost us bil- ethic of our lobstermen. Right now, it looks like the lobster Here is the bad news. The bad news lions, if not trillions, of dollars to up- industry, soybeans in the Midwest, is, when water temperature gets to grade and maintain because of rising maple syrup in Vermont, other agricul- about 68 degrees, it is like turning a sea levels. This isn’t something ab- tural products across the country are switch. It stresses the lobster popu- stract. This is something that is hap- lation to the point where they can’t going to be collateral damage in an in- pening today, and it is something that survive. The good news is, it gets cipient trade war that I don’t under- we are going to have to deal with that warmer, and they multiply. The bad stand where it is going. is going to have an enormous cost. The I would like to know what the strat- news is, once it reaches a certain crit- longer we put off preventing and deal- egy is. What is the end game? Where ical point, the species could collapse. ing with this issue, the higher that cost does this go? So far, I haven’t seen any Indeed, that is what has happened, as is going to be. the Senator from Rhode Island has in- indication of that. What I have seen an There is a second reason this is a na- dicated, to the once-plentiful lobster indication of is severely dangerous im- tional security issue, and that is the population of New York, Massachu- pacts on our economy industry. aggravation of conflict and the initi- Another part of our ocean ecosystem setts, and Rhode Island. ation of migration. The number of refu- The problem is, over recent years— is clams. There is a massive decrease in gees from Syria—which has disrupted and I have talked to a lobsterman harvest because of two reasons: One, the politics of Europe and disrupted friend today, just this afternoon—the acidification. As the Senator from many of the European countries and, center of gravity of lobstering along Rhode Island indicated, 30 percent of indeed, has had a reflection here in this the Maine coast is steadily moving all the carbon dioxide that has been country—is roughly 3 to 4 million peo- north and east. He told me it has emitted during the Industrial Revolu- ple. The estimate for refugees from cli- moved about 50 miles in the last 10 tion has ended up in acidification in mate change—from extreme tempera- years. the ocean and, two, nonnative green ture, from drought, from famine—is in The other problem that is occurring crabs, which are exploding because the hundreds of millions as opposed to is that the lobsters are going further they like the warmer water. They have 3 to 4 million from Syria. Imagine the offshore to seek cooler water, which been around for 100 years, but that pop- disruption to all of the countries of the means the lobstermen have to go fur- ulation is growing enormously. They world that are destinations for these ther. They have to have bigger boats. are just devastating the clams. Green refugees who are fleeing places that They have to make more of an invest- crabs can consume 40 half-inch clams a have become uninhabitable. ment in order to make a living. day. Those crabs have decimated blue This is a question we are going to Right now, we are in good shape, but mussels and scallops along the shore. have to address, and, as our military the trend is not good. We are seeing They are going for clams, and we are characterizes it, it is a threat multi- other changes that have magnified concerned that maybe lobsters could be plier because when you have people both the boom, and what we are wor- next. moving from one region to another, ried about is the bust. We have seen Warming water and shifting preda- you have conflict. From time immemo- changes decline in some fish species tors are not the only challenges we rial, conflict has largely been based on like the cod that fed on baby lobsters. face: more carbon dioxide into the at- things like access to water and access Now, as Senator WHITEHOUSE men- mosphere, absorbed into the ocean, and to arable land, and we are talking tioned, we are seeing a growth of a fish one-quarter of what is emitted goes about an enormous accelerator of that that was never seen in Maine in the re- into the ocean. The ocean then be- across the world. cent past, the black sea bass. comes more acidic. Any kind of shelled

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.046 S18JYPT1 S5056 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 animals—lobsters, clams, oysters—ex- 1970—Edmond Muskie led the passage backyard, so it doesn’t make sense for pend evermore energy maintaining the of the Clean Water Act and the Clean everybody to buy a rototiller—the ma- pH balance in their bodies, and that Air Act, which are two of the greatest chine you use once or twice a year to means they can’t grow and reproduce. and most important pieces of legisla- clean your garden and till over the The world’s oceans have become 30 per- tion passed in this body in the last 100 ground and begin to plant. We borrow cent more acidic since the Industrial years; the first real recognition that them. I used to borrow one from my Revolution. we had a responsibility to the environ- neighbor Peter Cox. The ‘‘Maine Oysters have become a great new ment, that we had a responsibility to rototiller rule’’ goes like this. When product for Maine. We are growing our children and our grandchildren. By you borrow your neighbor’s rototiller, them in oyster farms along the the way, astoundingly, the Clean Water you return it to them in as good a Damariscotta River and other places. Act passed the U.S. Senate unani- shape as you got it, with a full tank of You can go to fancy restaurants and mously. Can you imagine? We can’t gas. see Damariscotta oysters. They are agree on the time of day unanimously That is all you need to know about wonderful. in this body. In 1970, under Ed Muskie’s environmental stewardship. Do you My friend Bill Mook, who is one of leadership, the Clean Water Act was know what? We have the planet on the pioneers of the oyster industry in passed unanimously. loan. We don’t own it. We own a little Maine, has had to move the incubation The point I want to make is, the piece of land for a generation, but we of his oysters out of the ocean, out of steps they took almost 50 years ago don’t own it. We have it on loan from the natural river, onshore, and into have cleaned up our rivers, have our children and our grandchildren and tanks so he can buffer the water to cleaned up our atmosphere, have made their children and their grandchildren. minimize the acidification and then parts of our country blossom again. Therefore, we have a sacred responsi- put them back in the water to grow In Maine, we are working on our riv- bility to turn over the planet to them out. That is a pure result of climate ers. The towns that turned their backs in the same or better shape than we change and acidification of the ocean. on the rivers are now turning back to- found it. That is our responsibility. It Freshwater runoff is another issue ward the rivers because people can fish, is very simple. When you borrow some- that increases the acidification. We swim, and enjoy the rivers. When Ed thing from your neighbor, you return it have had an enormous increase in the Muskie started his lonely crusade in in as good a shape as you found it. That amount of freshwater rainfall in this the late 1960s, the rivers were essen- is what we should be doing today. country, and in Maine that has in- tially open sewers. We can do this. There will be costs, creased the acidification in the oceans. Fifty years ago, Ed Muskie started but the costs of not doing it will dwarf What do we do? The first thing we do is that work. We see the benefit of it the costs we can undertake today to admit there is a problem. You can’t today. We should be doing the same protect the Gulf of Maine, the coast of solve a problem if you act like there is thing. The fact that it may not come the United States, the fields of Africa, nothing wrong. The first thing we have to fruition for 20, 30, 40, or 50 years is the forests of North America, and the to do is admit there is a problem. I no reason to not start now. We have to land and water and air that our chil- think more and more people are com- start. This isn’t pie in the sky. This dren and grandchildren deserve to have ing to that conclusion. isn’t somebody trying to impose new passed on to them in better shape than When this administration was nomi- regulations. This isn’t something that we found it. nating people, the refrain I heard in all is made up by environmentalists or We can do this. We can start today. of the hearings was climate is chang- people who just don’t want to see any We may not live to see the results, but ing, man has an impact on it, but we development. No. This is lives and live- we will know we have done something don’t know how much. lihood. These are families, commu- important, something meaningful, That is progress. At least it is an ad- nities. It is responsible stewardship and something that will make a difference mission that something is happening. just plain common sense. in the lives of generations we don’t What do we do? We admit there is a There is a lot of science, and there is know. They will know what we do or problem. I think we are close to reach- a lot of complexity to this issue. It what we don’t do. I myself choose the ing that point. seems to me we can take inspiration side of action—recognizing the prob- The second thing we have to do is from Ed Muskie, Howard Baker, and all lem, analyzing it, understanding it, more research. We have to continue to those a generation ago who built the and acting to mitigate the harms that fund the science to do the research to edifice upon which we have a cleaner, otherwise will befall our children. understand what is happening, to un- healthier, stronger economy and I yield the floor. derstand what we can do to mitigate stronger society. Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Mr. President, these risks. Research and scientific I remember those days. The great de- Senator KING and I yield the floor. data is crucial. For some of our great bate was payrolls versus pickerel. You First, let me thank him for joining agencies that have the people who have couldn’t have payrolls if you preserved us. Second, with Senators present here been researching this for years, to be the pickerel. It turned out to not be from landlocked States, let me make suppressing the research or not sup- true. We have developed the strongest the requests to both of you that, when porting it or burying it is not a service economy in the history of the world. we come before this body with concerns to our country. Research is crucial. We Yet we paid attention to the environ- about what is happening to our ocean need the facts. We need the data. We ment. We have paid attention to our economies, which I think are shared by need mitigation strategies. We also responsibilities, to our children and every coastal Senator who is seeing need to pay attention to the under- our grandchildren, and we created the these changes, that you view our pleas lying cause of climate change, which is economy at the same time we were with the same courtesy and respect a combustion of fossil fuels and the able to clean up the environment. that we show you when wildfires burn enormous amount of carbon dioxide I remember those debates. They were through Utah and we come to make that is being added to the atmosphere. bitter. You can’t do it. If you do this, sure that there is adequate emergency This is a long-term challenge. It is you are going to put everything out of response or when Oklahoma faces hur- not something we can solve in the next business. There will be no economy. ricanes or cyclones and tornadoes and 1 or 2 years. Some people ask: Well, it That was the argument. It hasn’t hap- the Federal Government and the Sen- is such a long-term challenge, why are pened. ate rally to the response of those who we doing it? Because it may not be Finally, you can talk about the are experiencing the pain of that in solved for 50 years. science. You can get caught up in all your States. Our fishing communities In my office is Edmund Muskie’s the data. To me, there is a really easy and our coastal communities have a desk. I sit behind Edmund Muskie’s rule that makes this easy to under- very different distress, but I hope you desk—one of the greatest Senators of stand what our responsibilities are. I will see it as an equal distress and pay the 20th century and one of the great- call it the ‘‘Maine rototiller rule.’’ us the courtesy of your due consider- est citizens Maine has ever produced. Many people in Maine have gardens, ation. Fifty years ago—2 years from now, but it is a small garden. It is in your I yield the floor.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.048 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5057 The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. LEE). surveillance scan looking into vulnera- What can we learn from this? One is The Senator from Oklahoma. bilities in the State computer network, the most simple of those things: You SECURING OUR ELECTIONS but they didn’t get into the election shouldn’t believe everything you see on Mr. LANKFORD. Mr. President, board computer network, and they the internet. It is not always an Amer- there has been a lot of conversation didn’t get into any of our equipment. ican. It is not always who they post to again, of late, about election security. They basically came and checked to be, and it is not always true. It should It seems to be a frequent conversation see if the door was locked, and they be the most basic information that we in the hallways the last couple of days, found out that in Oklahoma the door should learn about what is happening and it is an ongoing issue that I think was locked, and the Russians could not on the internet and what is online, in- some people have lost track of, but we get in. They didn’t penetrate into our cluding Facebook and Twitter. have not. system, though they tried. The other lesson that we need to AMY KLOBUCHAR and I and several But it was a year after the elections learn is a little more complicated. We others have worked very hard for before we were even notified that the have to be able to have better commu- months on this issue of election secu- Russians were trying to penetrate our nication between the Federal Govern- rity, quietly trying to get the language system. A subtle flash warning is all ment and States, better cybersecurity right and to work through the process that we received in the summer of 2016. systems, and the ability to audit that. of what it takes to secure our elections Oklahoma has a great system for That is why Senator KLOBUCHAR and for 2018, 2020, and beyond, learning the elections. Our system is consistent I have worked for months on a piece of lesson from 2016. across every single county. We have op- legislation called the Secure Elections I do want to remind this body that tical scanners with a paper ballot Act. That piece has worked its way the elections are not something that backup so that we can verify the com- through every State looking at it and happens this November. It is already puter count with a hand count if need- their election authorities. We have ongoing. Many States’ primaries have ed. We have had a very good system. worked it through multiple committee already been conducted. Last night That system was tested by the Rus- hearings. In fact, recently, just in the there was a runoff primary that hap- sians when they evaluated the com- last month, there were two different pened in Alabama. Georgia holds their puter networks of our State, and they hearings in the Rules Committee. It is runoff primaries next week, and Ten- were also not able to get in, thanks to now ready to be marked up and final- nessee is the week after that. Kansas, the leadership of some of the cyber and ized to try to bring it to this body. Michigan, Missouri, and Washington the technology folks who are in Okla- It is a very simple piece. It affirms will be on Tuesday, August 7. It is al- homa. that States run elections. The Federal ready ongoing. Not all States have the same prac- Government should not take over elec- While we watch the indictments that tices. In some States, from county to tions nationwide. In fact, that would just came down from the Mueller in- county their election systems are dif- make a bad situation worse. States vestigation on GRU officers from Rus- ferent. From township to township need to be able to run elections and be sia who were trying to interfere in our they may have different systems with able to manage those. elections in 2016, as we have seen the different companies and different back- But it qualifies several things. One is sanctions and the indictments that grounds. They may not have the same that it gives a security clearance to a have come down on some of the kind of system where they get a chance person in every single State. If there is oligarchs from Russia and from the to protect their cyber systems. a threat from a hostile actor, there is Internet Research Agency for what We saw that in 2016, when the Rus- not some vague warning that comes they were doing in social media, trying sians were able to penetrate some of out. There is an immediate address to be able to interfere with our election the States and actually were able to about what is happening and a commu- in 2016, I think it may be important for harvest some of their voter register nication within the intelligence com- us to do a quick lookback at what has rolls. They weren’t able to change any munity here on the Federal level to in- happened and what is still going on and votes. They weren’t able to affect the dividuals with a clearance on the State what we are trying to accomplish in voting that day, but they did a tremen- level. the next few weeks. dous amount of scanning through sys- Right now, the DHS, in absence of Let me just give a quick look at what tems to be able to see where there were this legislation, has started imple- is happening in my State of Oklahoma. vulnerabilities, what they could learn menting it anyway. Every single State In Oklahoma, in the 2016 cycle, the FBI on our election systems, and how they has at least one person with a security and others began to discover that there could engage for a future time. clearance now, including my own. They were issues with the elections and I think we should learn a lesson from are working to have at least three in some interference from what they, at that and be aware that the Russians every State to do a backup system. that time, called ‘‘bad actors’’ in June are trying to penetrate that system We also need to be able to affirm that of 2016. Later that summer, in August and learning as much as they could. every State can audit their elections, of 2016, the FBI issued what they call a At the same time that they were that they would do what is called risk- nationwide ‘‘flash alert’’ to every State hacking into different systems and limiting audits after the election just dealing with a threat from a ‘‘bad testing them out to see if they could to check and to make sure that the re- actor.’’ get in, a different set of folks from the sults are correct, but also that they The Oklahoma State Cyber Command Russian group the Internet Research have the ability to audit it as the elec- director received that warning, as did Agency were trying to put out social tion is going on so that it is not just everyone else, but at that time the FBI media disinformation. counting on a machine but that there didn’t share any details because no one Some 200,000 Oklahomans saw is also some way to back it up. States in my State was given security clear- Facebook and Twitter posts that Rus- have a variety of ways they can actu- ance to be able to have that kind of sians put out as false information. ally do that. classified conversation with the FBI. They weren’t all on one candidate. If elections are trusting that the It wasn’t until September 22 of 2017, a There were multiple candidates and electronics are going to work and not year and a little bit later, that DHS ac- multiple issues. Sometimes it was on be hacked into and not be affected, we tually notified my State and our State Hillary Clinton, sometimes on Donald should have learned the lesson from election authorities that we hadn’t just Trump, sometimes on BERNIE SANDERS, 2016 that there are outside entities try- been targeted by a bad actor but that sometimes on Jill Stein, and some- ing to attack these systems and to find we had been targeted by the Russians— times just on ideological issues. Over vulnerabilities, and they will. a year later—because no one had clear- 200,000 Oklahomans saw those posts Some way to be able to back it up, to ance and there was no one engaged. from different Russians, not knowing be able to audit the election while it is DHS told Oklahoma State Election they were Russian posts at all. They happening, risk-limiting audits after Board secretary Paul Ziriax, who is were Russians pretending to be Ameri- the fact, security clearances for indi- doing a great job, that there was evi- cans, and they were pushing that infor- viduals within States, and rapid com- dence that the Russians conducted a mation out. munication State to State and State to

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.050 S18JYPT1 S5058 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 Federal Government all help to main- At my meetings in Moscow, we 1957, he declared before our NATO al- tain the integrity of our elections. worked to begin a dialogue with Rus- lies that we must ‘‘re-dedicate our- That is what we do in the Secure sian counterparts. Everything I heard selves to the task of dispelling the Elections Act. I think it is so impor- in those meetings reinforces my belief shadows that are being cast upon the tant that we try to resolve this as that Russia remains a threat to Euro- free world.’’ quickly as possible. pean stability and that a united NATO In addition to ongoing Russian sub- I encourage this body to finish the is essential to countering the threat terfuge, terrorist groups remain intent markup in the Rules Committee to be and preserving American peace and on striking the West, threats to data able to bring it to the floor and to have prosperity. information require strong cyber secu- a consistent bipartisan vote to be able Two wars in Europe last century re- rity measures, and the scourge of to support the work that we need to sulted in the loss of hundreds of thou- human and drug trafficking degrades continue to do to protect our elections sands of American lives who fought the social structures. On these and other in the days ahead. forces of tyranny. To prevent a third issues, NATO allies have coordinated Our Republic is one that maintains war against this Communist menace, and contributed to the security of our its stability based on the integrity of Western European powers, still weak- own country, the United States of our elections. I have zero doubt that ened by World War II, formed an alli- America. the Russians tried to destabilize our ance with America and Canada to deter In particular, let’s recall that only Nation in 2016 by attacking the core of the Soviet Union’s massive conven- once has NATO invoked article 5—in our democracy. Anyone who believes tional forces from invading beyond the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks on they will not do it again has missed the what became the eastern bloc. our country. The only time the NATO basic information that is out day after Not only did NATO successfully deter alliance has been asked to respond, day after day in our intelligence brief- the Soviet Union until its collapse in they declared a willingness to re- ings. 1991—and in my view, NATO contrib- spond—that an attack on one is an at- The Russians have done it the first uted to the Soviet Union collapse in a tack on all—when the United States of time. They showed the rest of the significant way—but in that process, America was attacked on 9/11. world the lesson and what could be America’s commitment to European When we went to war against al- done. It could be the North Koreans the security allowed these allies to recover Qaida and its Taliban hosts in Afghani- next time. It could be the Iranians the from the war economically, strength- stan, we were not alone. The United next time. It could be a domestic activ- ened democratic governance, and en- States has nearly 15,000 troops serving ist group the next time. We should in Afghanistan, and they are serving abled them to stop fearing one another. learn that lesson, close that vulnerabil- We would be naive to believe that with NATO coalition forces as part of ity, and make sure that we protect our threats critical to North Atlantic secu- counterterrorism efforts to support Af- systems in the days ahead. rity have faded along with the Soviet ghanistan’s fight against the Taliban There is more that can be done, but Union. Indeed, my recent interactions and ISIS, which has seized strategic the States seem to take a lead on this. territories in recent years. in Europe confirmed that Russia re- This is something that the Federal We are approaching 17 years of sup- mains a revisionist power intent on Government should do, and we are very port from our NATO allies in Afghani- continuing Russia’s disruptive activi- close to getting it done. I wanted to be stan—support that has come even at ties in Europe, the Middle East, and able to tell this body that we are close. the expense of the blood of those who here at home in the United States. Let us work together to get this done serve. Just last week, I am saddened to In every meeting I attended, I made in the days ahead. say, two U.S. Army soldiers paid the clear that the Russians must end their I yield the floor. ultimate sacrifice and were killed I suggest the absence of a quorum. election-meddling here in the United while serving in Afghanistan, and at The PRESIDING OFFICER. The States and Europe in order to open least two more soldiers have been clerk will call the roll. doors to rebuilding our relations. I wounded from insurgent attacks. The assistant bill clerk proceeded to brought up Russia’s destabilizing sup- Finally, there is an economic threat call the roll. port for separatists in Ukraine and its that a destabilized Europe poses to our Mr. MORAN. Mr. President, I ask illegal seizure of Crimea after Ukraine Nation’s well-being. The EU—distinct unanimous consent that the order for democratically chose a President who from NATO but certainly a beneficiary the quorum call be rescinded. sought closer ties with the West. of the security provided—is America’s The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Supporting and admitting that they largest trading partner. objection, it is so ordered. share intelligence with the Taliban un- Questioning why we should come to NATO dermines the democratic government the defense of the smallest NATO mem- Mr. MORAN. Mr. President, thank in Afghanistan and undermines our Na- ber damages the alliance, and it hurts you. tion’s military as we continue to fight our alliances elsewhere. If we won’t Last week at the NATO summit in the Taliban alongside the Afghan Na- honor a treaty in Europe, friends might Brussels, the leaders of all 29 member tional Security Forces. wonder why we would honor a treaty in states, including the United States In each circumstance of those con- Asia. Predators can take advantage of with President Trump, signed a dec- versations, Russian officials, including our perceived indifference. That is, in laration reaffirming the purpose of the Foreign Minister Lavrov, continued to part, what led to the Korean war. alliance—collective defense and the im- obfuscate or outright deny any respon- The United States contributes 22 per- portance of article 5, which regards sibility. However, those meetings left cent of NATO’s total budget. In addi- being attacked against one ally as an me unconvinced that Russia is pre- tion to our NATO contributions, the attack against all others. pared to change its behavior. United States continues to increase de- There may be a growing sense here in In subsequent talks in Norway, a fense spending on our military pres- the United States that NATO is no NATO member, and Finland, a NATO ence supporting our partners, with longer useful to our interests and that partner, the concerns relayed to me by more than $6 billion in fiscal year 2019 it is a burden that is not worth the these European leaders underscore the appropriated for the European Deter- cost. fear our European friends have about rence Initiative and another $792 mil- I recently traveled to Moscow, Oslo, Russian activities. During our meet- lion invested in military construction and Helsinki with members of the Sen- ings, my colleagues and I reassured across the continent. ate Appropriations Committee, many them of America’s commitment to our President Trump is absolutely right of us on the Subcommittee on Defense. joint security, and that commitment to urge fellow allies to increase their We had meetings with U.S. Embassy of- from the entire U.S. Government must defense spending, and I echoed that ficials, our Ambassadors, and foreign not waver. message on our trip to Norway when government officials—people within The first Supreme Allied Commander we visited with those allies in Oslo. To the ministries of foreign affairs, min- in Europe overseeing all NATO mili- the credit of our allies, they have in- istries of defense, and with legislative tary operations was Kansas’s own creased spending by more than $40 bil- leaders in that region. Dwight D. Eisenhower. As President in lion in the past year.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.051 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5059 Fighting alongside us in Afghanistan, to participate: BARRASSO, RUBIO, GARD- Tables 2–6 remain unchanged from where they continue to serve beside us NER, ERNST, ROUNDS, MERKLEY, COONS, my last filing. today, unfortunately, more than 1,000 KING, BOOKER and VAN HOLLEN. In addition to the tables provided by Europeans have died. f Budget Committee Republican staff, I NATO is strong, and it is getting BUDGET SCOREKEEPING REPORT am submitting CBO tables, which I will stronger. I believe the strength of use to enforce budget totals approved Mr. ENZI. Mr. President, I rise to NATO relies on remaining unified. by Congress. Words matter, and what Americans say submit to the Senate the budget scorekeeping report for July 2018. The Because legislation can still be en- can bolster or shake confidence in the acted that would have an effect on fis- United States. report compares current-law levels of spending and revenues with the cal year 2018, CBO has provided a re- I will conclude on this personal note. port both for fiscal year 2018 and fiscal I thought of the force for good our amounts the Senate agreed to in the budget resolution for fiscal year 2018, year 2019. This information is used to country has provided the world as I enforce aggregate spending and rev- stood in our Embassy in Moscow on H. Con. Res. 71, and the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (BBA18). This infor- enue levels in the budget resolution July 4th, our Independence Day, watch- under section 311 of the CBA. CBO’s es- ing the Marine Corps Honor Guard’s mation is necessary for the Senate Budget Committee to determine timates show that current-law levels of presentation of the colors as our na- whether budgetary points of order lie spending for fiscal year 2018 exceed the tional anthem was sung. It is difficult against pending legislation. The Re- amounts in H. Con. Res. 71 by $157.4 bil- for me to sing the national anthem publican staff of the Senate Budget lion in budget authority and $106.3 bil- without choking up wherever I am, but Committee and the Congressional lion in outlays. Revenues are $3.2 bil- it was especially difficult that day as I Budget Office, CBO, prepared this re- lion above the revenue floor for fiscal reflected upon the course of events in port pursuant to section 308(b) of the year 2018 set by the budget resolution. my life—when kids practiced getting Congressional Budget Act (CBA). Social Security outlays are at the lev- under their desks for missile drills, to This is the fifth scorekeeping report els assumed by the resolution, while the fall of the Berlin Wall, to the after- this year and the second since I filed Social Security revenues are $446 mil- math of 9/11, to a father who served in new enforceable levels on May 7, pursu- lion below the levels in the budget. World War II. I honor him and all those ant to BBA18 requirements. My last fil- For fiscal year 2019, CBO estimates who served. ing can be found in the CONGRESSIONAL Over the past 70 years, it is America that current-law levels are below the RECORD for June 6, 2018. The informa- fiscal year 2019 enforceable aggregates that has safeguarded freedom for our tion included in this report is current people and for those who live elsewhere by $1,142.2 billion in budget authority through July 16, 2018. and $646.1 billion in outlays. The allow- in the world. Along the way, our vision Republican Budget Committee staff able spending room will be reduced as of a freer, more prosperous world at- prepared Tables 1–6. tracted allies who shared our dream. Table 1 gives the amount by which appropriations bills are enacted. Reve- Our foremost responsibility is to pro- each Senate authorizing committee ex- nues are $5 million below the level as- tect Americans all the time and to pro- ceeds or is below its allocation for sumed for fiscal year 2019. Finally, So- mote our values around the world. We budget authority and outlays under the cial Security outlays and revenues are can do this better. We can do this with most recently adopted budget resolu- at the levels assumed in the fiscal year our allies. With them, we will have a tion and the fiscal year 2019 enforce- 2019 enforcement filing. better future. able levels filing. This information is CBO’s report also provides informa- I suggest the absence of a quorum. used for enforcing committee alloca- tion needed to enforce the Senate pay- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The tions pursuant to section 302 of the as-you-go, PAYGO, rule. After account- clerk will call the roll. CBA. For this reporting period, 10 of ing for enacted legislation during this The bill clerk proceeded to call the the 16 authorizing committees are in reporting period, the PAYGO scorecard roll. compliance with their allocations. shows deficit increases in fiscal year Mr. ROUNDS. Mr. President, I ask During this reporting period, Con- 2019 of $25 million—$5 million revenue unanimous consent that the order for gress cleared two pieces of legislation loss, $20 million outlay increase—over the quorum call be rescinded. with significant budgetary effects the fiscal year 2019–2023 period of $332 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without scored to authorizing committees. The million—$47 million revenue loss, $285 objection, it is so ordered. first bill was H.R. 770, the American In- million outlay increase—and over the novation $1 Coin Act. This measure re- f fiscal year 2019–2028 period of $487 mil- quires the Secretary of the Treasury to lion—$108 million revenue loss, $379 LEGISLATIVE SESSION mint, beginning in 2019, new $1 coins million outlay increase. The Senate’s ‘‘in recognition of American innova- PAYGO rule is enforced by section 4106 tion and significant innovation and of H. Con. Res. 71. MORNING BUSINESS pioneering efforts of individuals or Included in this submission is a table Mr. ROUNDS. Mr. President, I ask groups from each of the 50 States, the tracking the Senate’s budget enforce- unanimous consent that the Senate District of Columbia, and the United ment activity on the floor since the proceed to legislative session for a pe- States territories.’’ CBO estimates that May 7 enforcement filing. On June 18, riod of morning business, with Sen- H.R. 770 would increase direct spending 2018, Senator BERNARD SANDERS raised ators permitted to speak therein for up in the near term by $3 million but a Senate PAYGO point of order against to 10 minutes each. would be deficit-neutral over the entire H.R. 5515, the John S. McCain National The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without budget window. This bill was charged Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal objection, it is so ordered. to the Banking, Housing, and Urban Year 2019. That point of order was f Affairs Committee. The second bill was waived by a vote of 81–14. H.R. 5515 has H.R. 5956, the Northern Mariana Is- MEMBERS OF THE SENATE NATO yet to be enacted and is currently in lands U.S. Workforce Act of 2018. This conference. OBSERVER GROUP bill modifies U.S. immigration policy All years in the accompanying tables Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, in regarding the Northern Mariana Is- April, the Democratic leader and I an- lands, thereby reducing the number of are fiscal years. nounced the reestablishment of the people able to claim asylum and re- I ask unanimous consent that the ac- Senate NATO Observer Group. Sen- ceive means-tested benefits. CBO esti- companying tables be printed in the ators TILLIS and SHAHEEN, both Mem- mates that this bill would save $3 mil- RECORD. bers of the Senate Armed Services lion over the budget window. H.R. 5956 There being no objection, the mate- Committee, were named cochairs. We was charged to the Energy and Natural rial was ordered to be printed in the have asked for the following Senators Resources Committee. RECORD, as follows:

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.053 S18JYPT1 S5060 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 TABLE 1.—SENATE AUTHORIZING COMMITTEES—ENACTED DIRECT SPENDING ABOVE (+) OR BELOW (¥) BUDGET RESOLUTIONS [In millions of dollars]

2018 2019 2019–2023 2019–2028

Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Budget Authority ...... 47 0 0 0 Outlays ...... 47 0 0 0 Armed Services Budget Authority ...... ¥33 0 0 0 Outlays ...... ¥24 0 0 0 Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Budget Authority ...... 0 21 285 382 Outlays ...... 0 20 285 382 Commerce, Science, and Transportation Budget Authority ...... 0 0 0 0 Outlays ...... 0 0 0 0 Energy and Natural Resources Budget Authority ...... 220 0 0 ¥3 Outlays ...... 198 0 0 ¥3 Environment and Public Works Budget Authority ...... 0 0 0 0 Outlays ...... 0 0 0 0 Finance Budget Authority ...... 21,971 0 0 0 Outlays ...... 5,211 0 0 0 Foreign Relations Budget Authority ...... 0 0 0 0 Outlays ...... 0 0 0 0 Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Budget Authority ...... 0 0 0 0 Outlays ...... 0 0 0 0 Judiciary Budget Authority ...... 0 0 0 0 Outlays ...... 0 0 0 0 Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Budget Authority ...... 705 0 0 0 Outlays ...... 205 0 0 0 Rules and Administration Budget Authority ...... 0 0 0 0 Outlays ...... 0 0 0 0 Intelligence Budget Authority ...... 0 0 0 0 Outlays ...... 0 0 0 0 Veterans’ Affairs Budget Authority ...... 7,300 0 0 ¥729 Outlays ...... 1,850 4,400 4,400 3,671 Indian Affairs Budget Authority ...... 0 0 0 0 Outlays ...... 0 0 0 0 Small Business Budget Authority ...... 0 0 0 0 Outlays ...... 0 0 0 0 Total Budget Authority ...... 30,210 21 285 ¥350 Outlays ...... 7,487 4,420 4,685 4,050

TABLE 2.—SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE—ENACTED REGULAR DISCRETIONARY APPROPRIATIONS 1 [Budget authority, in millions of dollars]

2018

Security 2 Nonsecurity 2

Statutory Discretionary Limits ...... 629,000 579,000 Amount Provided by Senate Appropriations Subcommittee Agriculture, Rural Development, and Related Agencies ...... 0 23,259 Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies ...... 5,400 54,200 Defense ...... 589,320 132 Energy and Water Development ...... 21,800 21,400 Financial Services and General Government ...... 31 23,392 Homeland Security ...... 2,058 45,665 Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies ...... 0 35,252 Labor, Health and Human Services, Education and Related Agencies ...... 0 177,100 Legislative Branch ...... 0 4,700 Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies ...... 10,091 81,900 State Foreign Operations, and Related Programs ...... 0 42,000 Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies ...... 300 70,000 Current Level Total ...... 629,000 579,000 Total Enacted Above (+) or Below (¥) Statutory Limits ...... 0 0 1 This table excludes spending pursuant to adjustments to the discretionary spending limits. These adjustments are allowed for certain purposes in section 251(b)(2) of BBEDCA. 2 Security spending is defined as spending in the National Defense budget function (050) and nonsecurity spending is defined as all other spending. TABLE 3.—SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE— TABLE 3.—SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE—EN- TABLE 3.—SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE—EN- ENACTED REGULAR DISCRETIONARY APPROPRIATIONS 1 ACTED REGULAR DISCRETIONARY APPROPRIATIONS 1— ACTED REGULAR DISCRETIONARY APPROPRIATIONS 1— [Budget authority, in millions of dollars] Continued Continued [Budget authority, in millions of dollars] [Budget authority, in millions of dollars] 2019

Security 2 Nonsecurity 2 2019 2019

2 2 2 2 Statutory Discretionary Limits ...... 647,000 597,000 Security Nonsecurity Security Nonsecurity Amount Provided by Senate Appropriations Subcommittee Legislative Branch ...... 0 1 Total Enacted Above (+) or Below Agriculture, Rural Development, and Military Construction and Veterans Af- (¥) Statutory Limits ...... ¥646,956 ¥500,788 Related Agencies ...... 0 9 fairs, and Related Agencies ...... 0 67,109 Commerce, Justice, Science, and Re- State Foreign Operations, and Related 1 This table excludes spending pursuant to adjustments to the discre- lated Agencies ...... 0 0 Programs ...... 0 0 tionary spending limits. These adjustments are allowed for certain purposes Defense ...... 44 0 Transportation and Housing and Urban in section 251(b)(2) of BBEDCA. Energy and Water Development ...... 0 0 Development, and Related Agencies 0 4,400 2 Security spending is defined as spending in the National Defense budg- Financial Services and General Govern- et function (050) and nonsecurity spending is defined as all other spending. ment ...... 0 0 Current Level Total ...... 44 96,212 Homeland Security ...... 0 9 Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies ...... 0 0 Labor, Health and Human Services, Education and Related Agencies ..... 0 24,684

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.039 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5061 TABLE 4.—SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE—EN- TABLE 5.—SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE—EN- TABLE 6.—SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE—EN- ACTED CHANGES IN MANDATORY SPENDING PROGRAMS ACTED CHANGES IN MANDATORY SPENDING PROGRAMS ACTED CHANGES IN MANDATORY SPENDING PROGRAM (CHIMPS) (CHIMPS)—Continued (CHIMP) TO THE CRIME VICTIMS FUND—Continued [Budget authority, millions of dollars] [Budget authority, millions of dollars] [Budget authority, millions of dollars]

2018 2019 2018

CHIMPS Limit for Fiscal Year 2018 ...... 17,000 Labor, Health and Human Services, Education and Related Current Level Total ...... 10,228 Agencies ...... 0 Total CVF CHIMP Above (+) or Below (¥) Budget Reso- Senate Appropriations Subcommittees Legislative Branch ...... 0 lution ...... ¥996 Agriculture, Rural Development, and Related Agencies ...... 0 Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Related Agen- Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies ...... 10,228 cies ...... 0 Defense ...... 0 State Foreign Operations, and Related Programs ...... 0 Energy and Water Development ...... 0 Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, and Re- U.S. CONGRESS, Financial Services and General Government ...... 0 lated Agencies ...... 0 CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE, Homeland Security ...... 0 Washington, DC, July 18, 2018. Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies ...... 0 Current Level Total ...... 0 Labor, Health and Human Services, Education and Related Total CHIMPS Above (+) or Below (¥) Budget Resolu- Hon. MIKE ENZI, Agencies ...... 6,772 tion ...... ¥15,000 Chairman, Committee on the Budget, Legislative Branch ...... 0 Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Related Agen- U.S. Senate, Washington, DC. cies ...... 0 DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: The enclosed report State Foreign Operations, and Related Programs ...... 0 TABLE 6.—SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE—EN- Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, and Re- ACTED CHANGES IN MANDATORY SPENDING PROGRAM shows the effects of Congressional action on lated Agencies ...... 0 the fiscal year 2018 budget and is current (CHIMP) TO THE CRIME VICTIMS FUND through July 16, 2018. This report is sub- Current Level Total ...... 17,000 [Budget authority, millions of dollars] Total CHIMPS Above (+) or Below (¥) Budget Resolu- mitted under section 308(b) and in aid of sec- tion ...... 0 tion 311 of the Congressional Budget Act, as 2018 amended. TABLE 5.—SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE—EN- Crime Victims Fund (CVF) CHIMP Limit for Fiscal Year 2018 11,224 The estimates of budget authority, out- ACTED CHANGES IN MANDATORY SPENDING PROGRAMS Senate Appropriations Subcommittees lays, and revenues are consistent with the (CHIMPS) Agriculture, Rural Development, and Related Agencies ...... 0 technical and economic assumptions of H. Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies ...... 10,228 Con. Res. 71, the Concurrent Resolution on [Budget authority, millions of dollars] Defense ...... 0 Energy and Water Development ...... 0 the Budget for Fiscal Year 2018. 2019 Financial Services and General Government ...... 0 Since our last letter dated June 6, 2018, the Homeland Security ...... 0 Congress has not cleared any legislation for CHIMPS Limit for Fiscal Year 2019 ...... 15,000 Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies ...... 0 Labor, Health and Human Services, Education and Related the President’s signature that affects budget Senate Appropriations Subcommittees Agencies ...... 0 authority, outlays, or revenues in fiscal year Agriculture, Rural Development, and Related Agencies ...... 0 Legislative Branch ...... 0 2018. Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies ...... 0 Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Related Agen- Defense ...... 0 cies ...... 0 Sincerely, Energy and Water Development ...... 0 State Foreign Operations, and Related Programs ...... 0 MARK P. HADLEY Financial Services and General Government ...... 0 Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, and Re- (For Keith Hall, Director). Homeland Security ...... 0 lated Agencies ...... 0 Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies ...... 0 Enclosure. TABLE 1.—SENATE CURRENT LEVEL REPORT FOR SPENDING AND REVENUES FOR FISCAL YEAR 2018, AS OF JULY 16, 2018 [In billions of dollars]

Current Level Budget Current Over/Under (¥) Resolution Level Resolution

On-Budget Budget Authority ...... 3,399.8 3,557.2 157.4 Outlays ...... 3,221.3 3,327.6 106.3 Revenues ...... 2,497.1 2,500.3 3.2 Off-Budget Social Security Outlays a ...... 849.6 849.6 0.0 Social Security Revenues ...... 873.3 872.9 ¥0.4 Source: Congressional Budget Office. a Excludes administrative expenses paid from the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund of the Social Security Administration, which are off-budget, but are appropriated an- nually.

TABLE 2.—SUPPORTING DETAIL FOR THE SENATE CURRENT LEVEL REPORT FOR ON-BUDGET SPENDING AND REVENUES FOR FISCAL YEAR 2018, AS OF JULY 16, 2018 [In millions of dollars]

Budget Authority Outlays Revenues

Previously Enacted ab Revenues ...... n.a. n.a. 2,658,139 Permanents and other spending legislation ...... 2,105,225 2,003,386 n.a. Appropriation legislation ...... 0 513,307 n.a. Offsetting receipts ...... ¥866,685 ¥866,685 n.a. Total, Previously Enacted ...... 1,238,540 1,650,008 2,658,139 Enacted Legislation Authorizing Legislation National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (P.L. 115–91) ...... ¥33 ¥24 0 CHIP and Public Health Funding Extension Act (P.L. 115–96, Division C) ...... 705 205 0 An act to amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 . . . and for other purposes (P.L. 115–96, Division D) ...... 2,100 1,050 0 An act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018 (P.L. 115–97) ...... ¥8,600 ¥8,600 ¥143,800 An act making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes (P.L. 115–120, Divisions C and D) ...... 14,509 1,203 ¥1,263 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (P.L. 115–123, Divisions A and C–G) bcd...... 7,504 4,050 ¥12,424 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018, Divisions M–V (P.L. 115–141) e ...... 225 203 ¥348 VA MISSION Act of 2018 (P.L. 115–182) ...... 5,200 800 0 Total, Authorizing Legislation ...... 21,610 ¥1,113 ¥157,835 Appropriation Legislation Department of Defense Missile Defeat and Defense Enhancements Appropriations Act, 2018 (P.L. 115–96, Division B) ...... 4,686 803 0 Further Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Requirements Act, 2018 (P.L. 115–123, Division B, Subdivision I) ...... 84,436 11,185 0 Further Extension of Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018, (P.L. 115–123, Division B, Subdivision 3) ...... ¥315 ¥315 0 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018, Divisions A–L (P.L. 115–141 ) efg ...... 2,259,985 1,663,110 0 Total, Appropriation Legislation ...... 2,348,792 1,674,783 0 Total, Enacted Legislation ...... 2,370,402 1,673,670 ¥157,835 Entitlements and Mandatories Budget resolution estimates of appropriated entitlements and other mandatory programs ...... ¥51,440 4,205 0 Total Current Level bh...... 3,557,239 3,327,620 2,500,304 Total Senate Resolution i ...... 3,399,841 3,221,349 2,497,139 Current Level Over Senate Resolution ...... 157,398 106,271 3,165 Current Level Under Senate Resolution ...... n.a. n.a. n.a. Source: Congressional Budget Office.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:06 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.040 S18JYPT1 S5062 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 Notes: n.a. = not applicable; P.L. = Public Law. a Includes the budgetary effects of the following acts that affect budget authority, outlays, or revenues and were cleared by the Congress during the 1st session of the 115th Congress, but before the adoption of H. Con Res. 71, the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018: the VA Choice and Quality Employment Act of 2017 (P.L. 115–46); the Harry W. Colmery Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2017 (P.L. 115–48); a joint resolution compact relat- ing to the establishment of the Washington Metrorail Safety Commission (P.L. 115–54); the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 and Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Requirements Act, 2017 (P.L. 115–56); the Emergency Aid to American Survivors of Hurricanes Irma and Jose Overseas Act (P.L. 115–57); the Department of Veterans Affairs Expiring Authorities Act of 2017 (P.L. 115–62); the Disaster Tax Relief and Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2017 (P.L. 115–63); the Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria Education Relief Act of 2017 (P.L. 115–64); and the Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Requirements Act, 2017 (P.L. 115–72). b Emergency funding that was not designated as an emergency requirement pursuant to section 251(b)(2) (A) of the Deficit Control Act does not count for certain budgetary enforcement purposes. These amounts, which are not included in the current level totals, are as follows: Budget Authority Outlays Revenues

Disaster Tax Relief and Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2017 (P.L. 115–63) ...... 263 263 0 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (P.L. 115–123) ...... 2,217 1,469 ¥509 Total ...... 2,480 1,732 ¥509

c The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (P.L. 115–123) contains seven divisions: Division A, Subdivision 2 of Division B, and Divisions C–F contain authorizing legislation, of which the budgetary effects of Subdivision 2 of Division B were designated as being for emergency requirements. Subdivisions 1 and 3 of Division B contain appropriation legislation: Subdivision 1 provided supplemental appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for disaster relief and designated those amounts as being for emergency requirements, and section 158 of Subdivision 3 provided authority for the duration of fiscal year 2018, for the Secretary of Energy to draw down and sell crude oil from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Di- vision G of P.L. 115–123 provided for the budgetary treatment of Divisions A–F. d Pursuant to section 232(b) of H. C. Res. 290 (106th Congress), the Concurrent Budget Resolution for Fiscal Year 2001, the budgetary effects related to the Federal Reserve’s surplus funds are excluded. As a result, the amounts shown do not include estimated increases in revenues of $2,450 million in fiscal year 2018, $2,180 million over the 2018–2022 period, and $1,750 million over the 2018–2027 period. e Sections 540–543 of the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2017 (Division F of P.L. 115–31), extended several immigration programs through the end of fiscal year 2017. Several continuing resolutions continued those authorities through March 23, 2018, and sections 202–205 of title II of Division M of P.L. 115–141 further extended those programs through 2018. CBO estimates that extending those authorities for the entirety of fiscal year 2018 will increase on-budget direct spending by $5 million in fiscal year 2018, $27 million over the 2018–2022 period, and $53 million over the 2018–2027 period. In addition, CBO estimates that extending those authorities will decrease off- budget direct spending by $1 million over the 2018–2022 period and by $7 million over the 2022–2027 period. Further, CBO estimates that continuing those authorities will increase revenues by $2 million over the 2018–2022 period and by $7 million over the 2018–2027 period. Consistent with the budgetary treatment of Divisions K–V of P.L. 115–141, the budgetary effects of extending the immigration programs through March 23, 2018, are charged to the Appropriations Committee; the effects of extending the programs for the remainder of fiscal year 2018 are charged to the relevant authorizing committees. f Pursuant to sections 1001–1004 of the 21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114–255), certain funding provided to the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)—in particular the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 2017 through 2026 shall not count for the purposes of complying with provisions of the Deficit Control Act or the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974. As a result, the amounts shown do not include $1,056 million in budget authority or $770 million in associated outlays in fiscal year 2018, specifically, $60 million in budget authority and $22 million in outlays for the FDA; and $996 million in budget authority and $748 million in outlays for HHS, which includes $500 million in budget authority for state responses to the opioid abuse crisis and $496 million for NIH. g Section 255 of the Departments of Labor, Health, and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2018 (Division H of P.L. 115–141), delayed implementation of the recommendations of the United States Preventive Services Task Force with respect to breast cancer screening, mammography, and prevention. CBO estimates that the delay will increase direct spending (budget authority and outlays) by $14 million in fiscal year 2019 and by $6 million in fiscal year 2020. In addition, CBO estimates that section 225 will decrease revenues by $23 million in fiscal year 2019 (of which $6 million will be off-budget) and will decrease revenues by $9 million in fiscal year 2020 (of which $2 million will be off-budget). h For purposes of enforcing section 311 of the Congressional Budget Act in the Senate, the resolution, as approved by the Senate, does not include budget authority, outlays, or revenues for off-budget amounts. As a result, current level does not include these items. i Periodically, the Senate Committee on the Budget revises the budgetary levels in H. Con. Res. 71, pursuant to various provisions of the resolution. The total for the Initial Senate Resolution shown below excludes $47,660 million in budget authority, $22,467 million in outlays, and $150,003 million in revenues assumed in H. Con. Res. 71 for discretionary spending not constrained by the budgetary caps established by the Budget Control Act of 2011 (P.L. 112–25) and subsequently amended, including spending that qualifies for adjustments pursuant to section 4205 of H. Con. Res. 71. Budget Authority Outlays Revenues

Initial Senate Resolution ...... 3,089,061 3,109,221 2,640,939 Revisions: Pursuant to section 311 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and section 3003 of H. Con. Res. 71 ...... ¥8,600 ¥8,600 ¥143,800 Pursuant to sections 311 and 314(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 ...... 4,686 803 0 Pursuant to sections 311 and 314(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 ...... 84,436 11,185 0 Pursuant to section 311 and 314(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and section 4108 of H. Con. Res. 71 ...... 230,553 108,997 0 Pursuant to sections 311 and 3I4(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 ...... ¥295 ¥257 0 Revised Senate Resolution ...... 3,399,841 3,221,349 2,497,139

U.S. CONGRESS, mitted under section 308(b) and in aid of sec- Since our last letter dated June 6, 2018, the CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE, tion 311 of the Congressional Budget Act, as Congress has cleared the American Innova- Washington, DC, July 18, 2018. amended. tion $1 Coin Act (H.R. 770), which awaits the Hon. MIKE ENZI, The estimates of budget authority, out- President’s signature. That act has signifi- Chairman, Committee on the Budget, U.S. Sen- lays, and revenues are consistent with the cant effects on budget authority and outlays ate, Washington, DC. allocations, aggregates, and other budgetary in fiscal year 2019. DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: The enclosed report levels printed in the Congressional Record on Sincerely, shows the effects of Congressional action on May 7, 2018, pursuant to section 30103 of the MARK P. HADLEY the fiscal year 2019 budget and is current Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (Public Law (For Keith Hall, Director). through July 16, 2018. This report is sub- 115–123). Enclosure. TABLE 1.—SENATE CURRENT LEVEL REPORT FOR SPENDING AND REVENUES FOR FISCAL YEAR 2019, AS OF JULY 16, 2018 [In billions of dollars]

Current Leven Budget Current Over/Under (¥) Resolution Level Resolution

On-Budget Budget Authority ...... 3,547.1 2,404.9 ¥1,142.2 Outlays ...... 3,508.1 2,861.9 ¥646.1 Revenues ...... 2,590.5 2,590.5 0.0 Off-Budget Social Security Outlays a ...... 908.8 908.8 0.0 Social Security Revenues ...... 899.2 899.2 0.0 Source: Congressional Budget Office. a Excludes administrative expenses paid from the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund of the Social Security Administration, which are off-budget, but are appropriated an- nually.

TABLE 2.—SUPPORTING DETAIL FOR THE SENATE CURRENT LEVEL REPORT FOR ON-BUDGET SPENDING AND REVENUES FOR FISCAL YEAR 2019, AS OF JULY 16, 2018 [In millions of dollars]

Budget Authority Outlays Revenues

Previously Enacted Revenues ...... n.a. n.a. 2,590,496 Permanents and other spending legislation ...... 2,337,789 2,232,677 n.a. Appropriation legislation ...... 0 573,950 n.a. Offsetting receipts ...... ¥890,012 ¥890,015 n.a. Total, Previously Enacted ...... 1,447,777 1,916,612 2,590,496 Enacted Legislation 18 17 ¥5 Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protections Act (P.L. 115–174) a ...... 18 17 ¥5 VA MISSION Act of 2018 (P.L. 115–182) ...... 0 4,400 0 Total, Enacted Legislation ...... 18 4,417 ¥5 Legislation Cleared Congress and Pending Signature American Innovation $1 Coin Act (H.R. 770) ...... 3 3 0 Entitlements and Mandatories Budget resolution estimates of appropriated entitlements and other mandatory programs ...... 957,064 940,899 0 Total Current Level b ...... 2,404,862 2,861,931 2,590,491

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:06 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.044 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5063 TABLE 2.—SUPPORTING DETAIL FOR THE SENATE CURRENT LEVEL REPORT FOR ON-BUDGET SPENDING AND REVENUES FOR FISCAL YEAR 2019, AS OF JULY 16, 2018—Continued [In millions of dollars]

Budget Authority Outlays Revenues

Total Senate Resolution ...... 3,547,094 3,508,052 2,590,496 Current Level Over Senate Resolution ...... n.a. n.a. n.a. Current Level Under Senate Resolution ...... 1,142,232 646,121 5 Memorandum Revenues, 2019–2028 Senate Current Level ...... n.a. n.a. 33,273,105 Senate Resolution ...... n.a. n.a. 33,273,213 Current Level Over Senate Resolution ...... n.a. n.a. n.a. Current Level Under Senate Resolution ...... n.a. n.a. 108 Source: Congressional Budget Office. Notes: n.a. = not applicable; P.L. = Public Law. a Pursuant to section 232(b) of H.C. Res. 290 (106th Congress), the Concurrent Budget Resolution for Fiscal Year 2001, the budgetary effects related to the Federal Reserve’s surplus funds are excluded. As a result, the amounts shown do not include estimated increases in revenues of $655 million in fiscal year 2019, $570 million over the 2019–2023 period, and $454 million over the 2019–2028 period. b For purposes of enforcing section 311 of the Congressional Budget Act in the Senate, the resolution, as approved by the Senate, does not include budget authority, outlays, or revenues for off-budget amounts. As a result, current level does not include these items.

TABLE 3.—SUMMARY OF THE SENATE PAY-AS-YOU-GO SCORECARD FOR THE 115TH CONGRESS, AS OF JULY 16, 2018 [In millions of dollars]

2018 2019 2018–2023 2018–2028

Beginning Balance a ...... 0 0 0 0 Enacted Legislation: b, c A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to ‘‘Incident Auto Lending and Compliance with the Equal Credit Opportunity Act’’...... * * * * (S.J. Res. 57, P.L. 115–172). Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protections Act (S. 2155, P.L. 115–174) d ...... * 22 329 490 Trickett Wendler, Frank Mongiello, Jordan McLinn, and Matthew Bellina Right to Try Act of 2017 (S. 204, P.L. 115–176) ...... * * * * An Act to amend title 38, United States Code, to authorize the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to furnish assistance for adaptations of residences of veterans in rehabilitation programs under chapter 31 of such title, and for other purposes (H.R. 3562, P.L. 115–177) ...... * * * * VA MISSION Act of 2018 (S. 2372, P.L. 115–182) e ...... * * * * Whistleblower Protection Coordination Act (S. 1869, P.L. 115–192) ...... * * * * All Circuit Review Act (H.R. 2229, P.L. 115–195) ...... * * * * American Innovation $1 Coin Act (H.R. 770) ...... 0 3 3 0 Small Business 7(a) Lending Oversight Reform Act of 2018 (H.R. 4743, P.L. 115–189) ...... * * * * Northern Mariana Islands U.S. Workforce Act of 2018 (H.R. 5956) ...... 0 0 0 ¥3 Current Balance ...... * 25 332 487 Changes to Revenues ...... * ¥5 ¥47 ¥108 Changes to Outlays ...... * 20 285 379 Source: Congressional Budget Office. Notes: P.L. = Public Law, * = between ¥$500,000 and $500,000. a On May 7, 2018, the Chairman of the Senate Committee on the Budget reset the Senate’s Pay-As-You-Go Scorecard to zero for all fiscal years. b The amounts shown represent the estimated effect of the public laws on the deficit. c Excludes off-budget amounts. d Pursuant to section 232(b) of H.C. Res. 290 (106th Congress), the Concurrent Budget Resolution for Fiscal Year 2001, the budgetary effects related to the Federal Reserve’s surplus funds are excluded. As a result, the amounts shown do not include estimated increases in revenues of $655 million in fiscal year 2019, $570 million over the 2019–2023 period, and $454 million over the 2019–2028 period. e The budgetary effects of this Act are excluded from the Senate’s PAYGO scorecard, pursuant to section 512 of the Act.

ENFORCEMENT REPORT OF POINTS OF ORDER RAISED SINCE THE FY 2019 ENFORCEMENT FILING

Vote Date Measure Violation Motion to Waive Result

127 June 18, 2018 ...... H.R. 5515—John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act 4106(a)-Senate-Pay-As-You-Go Violation 1 ...... Sen. McConnell (R-KY) 2 ...... 81–14, waived for Fiscal Year 2019. 1 Senator Sanders raised a section 4106(a) of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th Congress) point of order against the bill because the bill would increase the on-budget deficit. 2 By unanimous consent the Senate proceeded to a roll call vote to waive the point of order.

IMMIGRATION AND CUSTOMS and illegal immigration that threaten more than 50,000 assaults, 2,000 ENFORCEMENT our communities. The criminal traf- kidnappings, and 1,800 homicides. Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I rise ficking of persons and goods across our However, in 2017, assaults on law en- today because, like many Americans, I borders is among the greatest threats forcement officers also rose dramati- am deeply troubled by the Democrats’ to public safety in this country. When cally. This wasn’t limited to police of- reckless calls to abolish ICE, the Immi- ICE agents take to the streets, they ficers; assaults on ICE agents nearly gration and Customs Enforcement are looking to protect our most vulner- tripled last year. Now, I am shocked to agency. That is why I am introducing a able from being exploited by cartels hear that some of my colleagues are resolution to condemn calls for the and international gangs like MS–13. calling for this important Federal abolishment of ICE and express support This violent gang has taken hold in at agency to be abolished. In fact, I for all officers and personnel who carry least 42 States, including Louisiana. learned today that some Democrats in out ICE’s important mission of pro- the House of Representatives plan to Just last year, ICE agents removed a tecting American borders. With the introduce legislation that would abol- ever present threat of international million pounds of narcotics and more ish ICE and expose its agents to the terrorism in the post–9/11 era, abol- than 4,800 gang members from the scrutiny of international courts. This ishing ICE is unthinkable. As our coun- streets of this country. They arrested open contempt for ICE is astonishing, try battles threats from abroad, a his- nearly 800 members of the notoriously and it belittles the courage of those toric opioid crisis, and increasing rates violent MS–13 gangs, like Juan Blanco, who work for this Agency and engage of violence against law enforcement of- who was arrested after assaulting in the legitimate defense of our bor- ficers, we must show our support for someone with a machete in Baton ders. the mission of ICE. That is what this Rouge. Those numbers are just a small The Immigration and Customs En- resolution does: It says that we see all fraction of the nearly 127,000 arrests forcement Agency performs vital func- of you at ICE and your commitment made by ICE agents against people who tions that are necessary to any govern- and that the Senate supports you. came here and committed violent ment, like securing its borders. Last ICE’s mission is simple: to protect crimes against law-abiding Americans. year, agents worked tirelessly around Americans from the cross-border crime Those criminals were responsible for the clock to rescue 1,422 victims of

VerDate Sep 11 2014 07:08 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.045 S18JYPT1 S5064 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 human trafficking. More than 900 of The message further announced the and continuation of agricultural and those victims were children. Abol- House has passed the following bills, in other programs of the Department of ishing ICE would mean that these peo- which it requests the concurrence of Agriculture through fiscal year 2023, ple, these precious lives, would still be the Senate: and for other purposes, and asks a con- in grave peril. If we were to heed these H.R. 3030. An act to help prevent acts of ference with the Senate on the dis- extremist calls to abolish ICE, thou- genocide and other atrocity crimes, which agreeing votes of the two Houses there- sands of pounds of heroin, cocaine, and threaten national and international secu- on, and that the following Members be fentanyl would be in our schools and on rity, by enhancing United States Govern- the managers of the conference on the the streets of our neighborhoods. We ment capacities to prevent, mitigate, and re- part of the House: cannot ignore the role that ICE agents spond to such crises. H.R. 3777. An act to direct the Secretary of From the Committee on Agriculture, for play in combatting terrorism, sex traf- Agriculture to convey certain National For- consideration of the House bill and the Sen- ficking, child pornography, gang activ- est System land containing the Nephi Work ate amendment, and modifications com- ity, labor exploitation, and the opioid Center in Juab County, Utah, to Juab Coun- mitted to conference: Messrs. CONAWAY, crisis. ty. THOMPSON of Pennsylvania, GOODLATTE, LUCAS, ROGERS of Alabama, AUSTIN SCOTT of I want to make sure that our agents H.R. 4032. An act to confirm undocumented Georgia, CRAWFORD, Mrs. HARTZLER, Messrs. understand that the American people Federal rights-of-way or easements on the Gila River Indian Reservation, clarify the RODNEY DAVIS of Illinois, YOHO, ROUZER, have their back. My resolution will MARSHALL, ARRINGTON, PETERSON, DAVID honor the mission of the Immigration northern boundary of the Gila River Indian Community’s Reservation, to take certain SCOTT of Georgia, COSTA, WALZ, Ms. FUDGE, and Customs Enforcement Agency and land located in Maricopa County and Pinal Messrs. MCGOVERN, VELA, Mses. MICHELLE commend the bravery of these men and County, Arizona, into trust for the benefit of LUJAN GRISHAM of New Mexico, KUSTER of women who put their lives on the line the Gila River Indian Community, and for New Hampshire, and Mr. O’HALLERAN. From the Committee on Education and the every day to dismantle violent and other purposes. Workforce, for consideration of sections 4204, H.R. 4645. An act to amend the Wild and dangerous gangs. I thank all my Re- 4205, and 9131 of the House bill, and modifica- Scenic Rivers Act to designate certain seg- publican colleagues who are joining tions committed to conference: Ms. FOXX, ments of East Rosebud Creek in Carbon with me on this crucial piece of legisla- Mr. ALLEN, and Ms. ADAMS. County, Montana, as components of the Wild From the Committee on Energy and Com- tion. and Scenic Rivers System. merce, for consideration of subtitles A and B Although much of their work is H.R. 4819. An act to promote inclusive eco- of title VI, sections 6202, 6203, 6401, 6406, 6407, thankless and goes sight unseen, I am nomic growth through conservation and bio- 6409, 6603, 7301, 7605, 8106, 8507, 9119, 9121, and grateful to the thousands of ICE agents diversity programs that facilitate trans- 11101 of the House bill, and sections 6116, boundary cooperation, improve natural re- who work around the clocks to keep 6117, 6202, 6206–09, 6301, 6303, 7412, 9102, 9104, source management, and build local capacity our streets safe. Without them and 9106, 9111–13, 12408, 12627, and 12628 of the Sen- to protect and preserve threatened wildlife their tireless service, I can only imag- ate amendment, and modifications com- species in the greater Okavango River Basin ine what our headlines would look like, mitted to conference: Messrs. SHIMKUS, of southern Africa. and I am ashamed of my colleagues on CRAMER, and TONKO. H.R. 4989. An act to require the Depart- From the Committee on Financial Serv- the radical left who are calling for the ment of State to establish a policy regarding elimination of this vital agency. I ices, for consideration of section 12609 of the the use of location-tracking consumer de- Senate amendment, and modifications com- know I speak for more than just myself vices by employees at diplomatic and con- mitted to conference: Messrs. HENSARLING, sular facilities, and for other purposes. when I say, simply, don’t abolish ICE. DUFFY, and Ms. MAXINE WATERS of Cali- f H.R. 5105. An act to establish the United fornia. States International Development Finance From the Committee on Foreign Affairs, MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT Corporation, and for other purposes. for consideration of title III of the House Messages from the President of the H.R. 5480. An act to improve programs and bill, and modifications committed to con- activities relating to women’s entrepreneur- ference: Messrs. ROYCE of California, CHABOT, United States were communicated to ship and economic empowerment that are the Senate by Ms. Cuccia, one of his and ENGEL. carried out by the United States Agency for From the Committee on Natural Re- secretaries. International Development, and for other sources, for consideration of sections 2802, f purposes. 6408, 8104, 8107, 8109, subtitles B and C of title EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED VIII, 8402, 8502, 8503, 8506, 8507, 8509, 8510, 9111, At 12:40 p.m., a message from the 11614, and 11615 of the House bill, and section In executive session the Presiding Of- House of Representatives, delivered by 2425, subtitle D of title VIII, sections 8601, ficer laid before the Senate messages Mrs. Cole, one of its reading clerks, an- 8611, 8621–28, 8631, 8632, 12515, 12601, and 12602 from the President of the United of the Senate amendment, and modifications nounced that the Speaker has signed committed to conference: Messrs. BISHOP of States submitting sundry nominations the following enrolled bills: which were referred to the appropriate Utah, WESTERMAN, and GRIJALVA. S. 490. An act to reinstate and extend the From the Committee on Oversight and committees. deadline for commencement of construction Government Reform, for consideration of (The messages received today are of a hydroelectric project involving the Gib- sections 1601, 4022, 4026, 8502, and 11609 of the printed at the end of the Senate pro- son Dam. House bill, and sections 3113, 7128, 8623, 8630, ceedings.) S. 931. An act to designate the facility of 8632, 12301, and 12407 of the Senate amend- f the United States Postal Service located at ment, and modifications committed to con- 4910 Brighton Boulevard in Denver, Colorado, ference: Messrs. WALKER, COMER, and Ms. MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE as the ‘‘George Sakato Post Office’’. PLASKETT. At 11:57 a.m., a message from the S. 2692. An act to designate the facility of From the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, for consideration of section House of Representatives, delivered by the United States Postal Service located at 4558 Broadway in New York, New York, as 7509 of the House bill, and section 7409 of the Mrs. Cole, one of its reading clerks, an- the ‘‘Stanley Michels Post Office Building’’. Senate amendment, and modifications com- nounced that the House has passed the S. 2734. An act to designate the Federal mitted to conference: Messrs. ABRAHAM, following bill, with amendments, in building and United States courthouse lo- DUNN, and Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of which it requests the concurrence of cated at 1300 Victoria Street in Laredo, Texas. the Senate: Texas, as the ‘‘George P. Kazen Federal From the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, for consideration of sec- S. 488. An act to increase the threshold for Building and United States Courthouse’’. tions 2404, 6223, 6224, 6503, 9117, and 9118 of the disclosures required by the Securities and The enrolled bills were subsequently House bill, and sections 2415, 2416, 6124, 6304, Exchange Commission relating to compen- signed by the President pro tempore and 7412 of the Senate amendment, and satory benefit plans, and for other purposes. (Mr. HATCH). modifications committed to conference: The message also announced that the Messrs. DENHAM, GIBBS, and Mrs. BUSTOS. House has passed the following bill, At 5:40 p.m., a message from the f with an amendment, in which it re- House of Representatives, delivered by quests the concurrence of the Senate: Mrs. Cole, one of its reading clerks, an- MEASURES REFERRED S. 717. An act to promote pro bono legal nounced that the House disagreed to The following bills were read the first services as a critical way in which to em- the amendment of the Senate to the and the second times by unanimous power survivors of domestic violence. bill (H.R. 2) to provide for the reform consent, and referred as indicated:

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.034 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5065 H.R. 3777. An act to direct the Secretary of ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- EC–5977. A communication from the Direc- Agriculture to convey certain National For- titled ‘‘Approval and Promulgation of Air tor of the Regulatory Management Division, est System land containing the Nephi Work Quality Implementation Plans; Virginia; Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- Center in Juab County, Utah, to Juab Coun- Interstate Transport Requirements for the ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- ty; to the Committee on Energy and Natural 2012 Fine Particulate Matter Standard’’ titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; Kentucky; 2008 Resources. (FRL No. 9980–68–Region 3) received during Ozone NAAQS Interstate Transport SIP Re- H.R. 4032. An act to confirm undocumented adjournment of the Senate in the Office of quirements’’ (FRL No. 9980–57–Region 4) re- Federal rights-of-way or easements on the the President of the Senate on July 13, 2018; ceived during adjournment of the Senate in Gila River Indian Reservation, clarify the to the Committee on Environment and Pub- the Office of the President of the Senate on northern boundary of the Gila River Indian lic Works. July 13, 2018; to the Committee on Environ- Community’s Reservation, to take certain EC–5970. A communication from the Direc- ment and Public Works. land located in Maricopa County and Pinal tor of the Regulatory Management Division, EC–5978. A communication from the In- County, Arizona, into trust for the benefit of Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- spector General, Department of Health and the Gila River Indian Community, and for ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- Human Services, transmitting, pursuant to other purposes; to the Committee on Indian titled ‘‘National Priorities List: Partial De- law, a report entitled ‘‘Setting Medicare Affairs. letion of the Beloit Corporation Superfund Payment Rates for Clinical Diagnostic Lab- H.R. 4819. An act to promote inclusive eco- Site’’ (FRL No. 9980–64–Region 5) received oratory Tests’’; to the Committee on Fi- nomic growth through conservation and bio- during adjournment of the Senate in the Of- nance. diversity programs that facilitate trans- fice of the President of the Senate on July EC–5979. A communication from the In- boundary cooperation, improve natural re- 13, 2018; to the Committee on Environment spector General, Department of Health and source management, and build local capacity and Public Works. Human Services, transmitting, pursuant to EC–5971. A communication from the Direc- to protect and preserve threatened wildlife law, a report entitled ‘‘The MEDIC Produced tor of the Regulatory Management Division, species in the greater Okavango River Basin Some Positive Results but More Could be Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- of southern Africa; to the Committee on For- Done to Enhance its Effectiveness’’; to the ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- eign Relations. Committee on Finance. titled ‘‘National Oil and Hazardous Sub- H.R. 4989. An act to require the Depart- EC–5980. A communication from the Chair- stances Pollution Contingency Plan; Na- ment of State to establish a policy regarding man of the Council of the District of Colum- tional Priorities List: Partial Deletion of the the use of location-tracking consumer de- bia, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report Naval Industrial Reserve Ordnance Plant on D.C. Act 22–396, ‘‘Helicopter Landing Pad vices by employees at diplomatic and con- Superfund Site’’ (FRL No. 9980–71–Region 5) sular facilities, and for other purposes; to Amendment Act of 2018’’; to the Committee received during adjournment of the Senate on Homeland Security and Governmental Af- the Committee on Foreign Relations. in the Office of the President of the Senate H.R. 5480. An act to improve programs and fairs. on July 13, 2018; to the Committee on Envi- EC–5981. A communication from the Chair- activities relating to women’s entrepreneur- ronment and Public Works. ship and economic empowerment that are man of the Council of the District of Colum- EC–5972. A communication from the Direc- bia, transmitting, pursuant to law, a report carried out by the United States Agency for tor of the Regulatory Management Division, International Development, and for other on D.C. Act 22–398, ‘‘Student Fair Access to Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- School Amendment Act of 2018’’; to the Com- purposes; to the Committee on Foreign Rela- ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- tions. mittee on Homeland Security and Govern- titled ‘‘Approval and Promulgation of Air mental Affairs. f Quality Implementation Plans; Maryland; EC–5982. A communication from the Direc- Emissions Statement Requirement for the tor, Office of Personnel Management, trans- MEASURES PLACED ON THE 2008 Ozone Standard’’ (FRL No. 9980–70–Re- CALENDAR mitting, pursuant to law, the Semiannual gion 3) received during adjournment of the Report of the Inspector General and the The following bills were read the first Senate in the Office of the President of the Management Response for the period from and second times by unanimous con- Senate on July 13, 2018; to the Committee on October 1, 2017 through March 31, 2018; to the Environment and Public Works. Committee on Homeland Security and Gov- sent, and placed on the calendar: EC–5973. A communication from the Direc- ernmental Affairs. tor of the Regulatory Management Division, H.R. 3030. An act to help prevent acts of EC–5983. A communication from the Direc- Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- genocide and other atrocity crimes, which tor, Office of Personnel Management, trans- ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- threaten national and international secu- mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; Michigan; Revi- rity, by enhancing United States Govern- entitled ‘‘Federal Employees Health Benefits sions to Part 9 Miscellaneous Rules’’ (FRL ment capacities to prevent, mitigate, and re- Program and Federal Employees Dental and No. 9980–94–Region 5) received during ad- spond to such crises. Vision Insurance Program: Expiration of journment of the Senate in the Office of the H.R. 5105. An act to establish the United Coverage of Children of Same-Sex Domestic President of the Senate on July 13, 2018; to States International Development Finance Partners; Federal Flexible Benefits Plan: Corporation, and for other purposes. the Committee on Environment and Public Works. Pre-Tax Payment of Health Benefits Pre- f EC–5974. A communication from the Direc- miums: Conforming Amendments’’ (RIN3206– EXECUTIVE AND OTHER tor of the Regulatory Management Division, AN34) received during adjournment of the Senate in the Office of the President of the COMMUNICATIONS Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- Senate on July 13, 2018; to the Committee on The following communications were titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; Minnesota; Flint Homeland Security and Governmental Af- laid before the Senate, together with Hills Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Revision’’ (FRL fairs. accompanying papers, reports, and doc- No. 9980–96–Region 5) received during ad- EC–5984. A communication from the Assist- ant Attorney General, Office of Legislative uments, and were referred as indicated: journment of the Senate in the Office of the President of the Senate on July 13, 2018; to Affairs, Department of Justice, transmit- EC–5966. A communication from the Direc- the Committee on Environment and Public ting, pursuant to law, a report entitled tor, Office of Management and Budget, Exec- Works. ‘‘Debt Collection Recovery Activities of the utive Office of the President, transmitting, EC–5975. A communication from the Direc- Department of Justice for Civil Debts Re- pursuant to law, a report entitled ‘‘Mid-Ses- tor of the Regulatory Management Division, ferred for Collection Annual Report’’; to the sion Review of the Budget of the U.S. Gov- Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- Committee on the Judiciary. ernment for Fiscal Year 2019’’; to the Com- ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- EC–5985. A communication from the Dep- mittees on Appropriations; and the Budget. titled ‘‘Air Plan Approval; Ohio; Ohio NSR uty Assistant Administrator of the Office of EC–5967. A communication from the Sec- PM2.5 Precursors’’ (FRL No. 9980–92–Region Diversion Control, Drug Enforcement Ad- retary of Defense, transmitting a report on 5) received during adjournment of the Senate ministration, Department of Justice, trans- the approved retirement of General Darren in the Office of the President of the Senate mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule W. McDrew, United States Air Force, and his on July 13, 2018; to the Committee on Envi- entitled ‘‘Schedules of Controlled Sub- advancement to the grade of general on the ronment and Public Works. stances: Temporary Placement of NM2201, retired list; to the Committee on Armed EC–5976. A communication from the Direc- 5F–AB–PINACA, 4–CN–CUMYL–BUTINACA, Services. tor of the Regulatory Management Division, MMB–CHMICA and 5F–CUMYL–P7AICA Into EC–5968. A communication from the Chair Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- Schedule I’’ ((21 CFR Part 1308) (Docket No. of the Board of Governors, Federal Reserve ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- DEA–479)) received in the Office of the Presi- System, transmitting, pursuant to law, the titled ‘‘Air Approval Plan; Tennessee; Revi- dent of the Senate on July 16, 2018; to the Board’s semiannual Monetary Policy Report sions to Stage I and II Vapor Recovery Re- Committee on the Judiciary. to Congress; to the Committee on Banking, quirements’’ (FRL No. 9980–81–Region 4) re- EC–5986. A communication from the Assist- Housing, and Urban Affairs. ceived during adjournment of the Senate in ant Administrator of the Office of Diversion EC–5969. A communication from the Direc- the Office of the President of the Senate on Control, Drug Enforcement Administration, tor of the Regulatory Management Division, July 13, 2018; to the Committee on Environ- Department of Justice, transmitting, pursu- Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- ment and Public Works. ant to law, the report of a rule entitled

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.011 S18JYPT1 S5066 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 ‘‘Controlled Substances Quotas’’ ((RIN1117– service-connection for certain veterans with S. Res. 580. A resolution recognizing and AB48) (Docket No. DEA–480)) received in the tinnitus or hearing loss, and for other pur- supporting public awareness of the impor- Office of the President of the Senate on July poses; to the Committee on Veterans’ Af- tance of trademarks and the goals and ideals 16, 2018; to the Committee on the Judiciary. fairs. of the National Trademark Exposition of the EC–5987. A communication from the Execu- By Mr. WARNER (for himself, Mr. United States Patent and Trademark Office; tive Analyst (Political), Department of KAINE, Ms. COLLINS, Ms. HIRONO, and to the Committee on the Judiciary. Health and Human Services, transmitting, Mr. VAN HOLLEN): f pursuant to law, a report relative to a va- S. 3236. A bill to enhance the ability of cancy in the position of Commissioner of the Federal agencies to deliver relocation man- ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS Administration for Native Americans, De- agement services to the Federal Govern- S. 339 partment of Health and Human Services, re- ment, and for other purposes; to the Com- At the request of Mr. NELSON, the ceived during adjournment of the Senate in mittee on Homeland Security and Govern- the Office of the President of the Senate on mental Affairs. name of the Senator from North Da- July 13, 2018; to the Committee on Indian Af- By Mr. PERDUE (for himself and Mr. kota (Mr. HOEVEN) was added as a co- fairs. ISAKSON): sponsor of S. 339, a bill to amend title EC–5988. A communication from the Direc- S. 3237. A bill to designate the facility of 10, United States Code, to repeal the tor of the Contract and Grant Policy Divi- the United States Postal Service located at requirement for reduction of survivor sion, Office of Procurement, National Aero- 120 12th Street Lobby in Columbus, Georgia, annuities under the Survivor Benefit nautics and Space Administration, transmit- as the ‘‘Richard W. Williams Chapter of the Plan by veterans’ dependency and in- ting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule en- Triple Nickles (555th P.I.A.) Post Office’’; to titled ‘‘NASA Federal Acquisition Regula- the Committee on Homeland Security and demnity compensation, and for other tion Supplement; Revised Voucher and In- Governmental Affairs. purposes. voice Submission and Payment Process’’ By Mr. SCHATZ (for himself and Mr. S. 428 (RIN2700–AD83) received in the Office of the THUNE): At the request of Mr. GRASSLEY, the President of the Senate on April 11, 2018; to S. 3238. A bill to improve oversight by the names of the Senator from Mississippi the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Federal Communications Commission of the (Mrs. HYDE-SMITH) and the Senator Transportation. wireless and broadcast emergency alert sys- from Idaho (Mr. RISCH) were added as f tems; to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. cosponsors of S. 428, a bill to amend ti- INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND By Mr. SCOTT (for himself and Mr. tles XIX and XXI of the Social Secu- JOINT RESOLUTIONS BOOKER): rity Act to authorize States to provide The following bills and joint resolu- S. 3239. A bill to require the Secretary of coordinated care to children with com- the Treasury to mint commemorative coins plex medical conditions through en- tions were introduced, read the first in recognition of the 75th anniversary of the and second times by unanimous con- hanced pediatric health homes, and for integration of baseball; to the Committee on other purposes. sent, and referred as indicated: Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. S. 497 By Mr. BARRASSO (for himself, Mr. By Ms. HIRONO (for herself, Mr. VAN ANTWELL GARDNER, and Mr. DAINES): HOLLEN, Mr. WHITEHOUSE, and Ms. At the request of Ms. C , the S. 3229. A bill to enhance the security of DUCKWORTH): name of the Senator from Nevada (Ms. the United States and its allies, and for S. 3240. A bill to promote botanical re- CORTEZ MASTO) was added as a cospon- other purposes; to the Committee on Foreign search and botanical sciences capacity, and sor of S. 497, a bill to amend title XVIII Relations. for other purposes; to the Committee on En- of the Social Security Act to provide By Mr. BENNET: ergy and Natural Resources. for Medicare coverage of certain S. 3230. A bill to impose a limitation on in- f lymphedema compression treatment creases in duties on imports of steel and alu- minum from Canada, Mexico, and the Euro- SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND items as items of durable medical pean Union, to improve congressional over- SENATE RESOLUTIONS equipment. sight of tariffs imposed to protect national The following concurrent resolutions S. 539 security, and for other purposes; to the Com- and Senate resolutions were read, and At the request of Mr. CRUZ, the name mittee on Finance. referred (or acted upon), as indicated: of the Senator from Illinois (Mr. DUR- By Mr. YOUNG (for himself, Ms. CANT- BIN) was added as a cosponsor of S. 539, By Mr. BLUNT (for himself and Mr. WELL, Mr. KING, Mr. HELLER, Mr. a bill to designate the area between the KAINE, Mr. JONES, Mr. GARDNER, Mr. NELSON): RUBIO, and Mr. COONS): S. Res. 576. A resolution designating Sep- intersections of 16th Street, Northwest S. 3231. A bill to establish the Task Force tember 4, 2018, as ‘‘National Polycystic Kid- and Fuller Street, Northwest and 16th on the Impact of the Affordable Housing Cri- ney Disease Awareness Day’’ , and raising Street, Northwest and Euclid Street, sis, and for other purposes; to the Committee awareness and understanding of polycystic Northwest in Washington, District of on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. kidney disease; to the Committee on the Ju- Columbia, as ‘‘Oswaldo Paya Way’’ . diciary. By Ms. BALDWIN: S. 885 S. 3232. A bill to amend the Communica- By Mr. TOOMEY (for himself, Mr. ASEY tions Act of 1934 and title 17, United States BLUMENTHAL, Mr. SCHUMER, and Mr. At the request of Mr. C , the Code, to provide greater access to in-State RUBIO): name of the Senator from Nevada (Mr. television broadcast programming for cable S. Res. 577. A resolution strongly recom- HELLER) was added as a cosponsor of S. and satellite subscribers in certain counties; mending that the United States renegotiate 885, a bill to amend the Internal Rev- to the Committee on Commerce, Science, the return of the Iraqi Jewish Archive to enue Code of 1986 to include foster care and Transportation. Iraq; to the Committee on Foreign Rela- transition youth as members of tar- By Mr. MENENDEZ (for himself, Mr. tions. geted groups for purposes of the work By Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself and CRUZ, Mr. NELSON, Mr. RUBIO, Mr. opportunity credit. DURBIN, Mr. PERDUE, Mr. LEAHY, Mr. Mrs. FEINSTEIN): KAINE, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. COTTON, and S. Res. 578. A resolution honoring the men S. 1503 Mr. CORNYN): and women of the Drug Enforcement Admin- At the request of Ms. WARREN, the S. 3233. A bill to impose sanctions with re- istration on the 45th anniversary of the name of the Senator from Georgia (Mr. spect to persons responsible for violence and agency; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ISAKSON) was added as a cosponsor of S. human rights abuses in Nicaragua, and for By Mr. COONS (for himself, Mr. SCHU- 1503, a bill to require the Secretary of other purposes; to the Committee on Foreign MER, Mr. FLAKE, Mr. BOOKER, Mr. the Treasury to mint coins in recogni- ISAKSON, Mr. JONES, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. Relations. tion of the 60th anniversary of the By Mr. KAINE: KAINE, Mr. MARKEY, Mr. MERKLEY, S. 3234. A bill to provide at-risk and discon- Mr. MURPHY, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Mr. Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of nected youth with subsidized summer and REED, Mr. BENNET, Mrs. GILLIBRAND, Fame. year-round employment and to assist local Ms. BALDWIN, Ms. WARREN, Ms. KLO- S. 1917 community partnerships in improving high BUCHAR, Mr. DONNELLY, and Mr. At the request of Mr. GRASSLEY, the school graduation and youth employment WHITEHOUSE): names of the Senator from Maine (Mr. rates, and for other purposes; to the Com- S. Res. 579. A resolution honoring the life, KING) and the Senator from Colorado mittee on Health, Education, Labor, and accomplishments, and legacy of Nelson Pensions. Mandela on the centenary of his birth; to the (Mr. BENNET) were added as cosponsors By Ms. SMITH: Committee on Foreign Relations. of S. 1917, a bill to reform sentencing S. 3235. A bill to amend title 38, United By Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself and laws and correctional institutions, and States Code, to establish a presumption of Mr. COONS): for other purposes.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.015 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5067 S. 2101 S. 2600 Legacy Restoration Fund to address At the request of Mr. DONNELLY, the At the request of Mr. PAUL, the name the maintenance backlog of the Na- names of the Senator from Georgia of the Senator from Iowa (Mrs. ERNST) tional Park Service, and for other pur- (Mr. ISAKSON), the Senator from New was added as a cosponsor of S. 2600, a poses. Hampshire (Ms. HASSAN), the Senator bill to amend the Internal Revenue S. 3198 from Kansas (Mr. MORAN) and the Sen- Code of 1986 to repeal the excise tax on At the request of Mr. LEE, the name ator from Nevada (Ms. CORTEZ MASTO) indoor tanning services. of the Senator from Georgia (Mr. were added as cosponsors of S. 2101, a S. 2620 PERDUE) was added as a cosponsor of S. bill to award a Congressional Gold At the request of Mr. PETERS, the 3198, a bill to require annual reports on Medal, collectively, to the crew of the name of the Senator from North Da- allied contributions to the common de- USS Indianapolis, in recognition of kota (Mr. HOEVEN) was added as a co- fense, and for other purposes. their perseverance, bravery, and serv- sponsor of S. 2620, a bill to establish a S. 3207 ice to the United States. Federal cyber joint duty program for At the request of Mr. NELSON, the S. 2127 cyber employees of Federal agencies. name of the Senator from Florida (Mr. RUBIO) was added as a cosponsor of S. At the request of Ms. MURKOWSKI, the S. 2667 3207, a bill to amend the Higher Edu- names of the Senator from Nevada (Mr. At the request of Mr. MCCONNELL, cation Act of 1965 to allow for the HELLER) and the Senator from Illinois the name of the Senator from Iowa deferment of certain student loans dur- (Ms. DUCKWORTH) were added as cospon- (Mrs. ERNST) was added as a cosponsor ing a period in which a borrower is re- sors of S. 2127, a bill to award a Con- of S. 2667, a bill to amend the Agricul- ceiving treatment for cancer. gressional Gold Medal, collectively, to tural Marketing Act of 1946 to provide S. 3225 the United States merchant mariners for State and Tribal regulation of hemp of World War II, in recognition of their At the request of Mrs. MURRAY, the production, and for other purposes. names of the Senator from Oregon (Mr. dedicated and vital service during S. 2823 MERKLEY) and the Senator from Penn- World War II. At the request of Mr. HATCH, the sylvania (Mr. CASEY) were added as co- S. 2128 name of the Senator from Montana sponsors of S. 3225, a bill to ensure the At the request of Mr. HATCH, the (Mr. DAINES) was added as a cosponsor humane treatment of pregnant women name of the Senator from Colorado of S. 2823, a bill to modernize copyright by reinstating the presumption of re- (Mr. GARDNER) was added as a cospon- law, and for other purposes. lease and prohibiting shackling, re- sor of S. 2128, a bill to improve the co- S. 2863 straining, and other inhumane treat- ordination and use of geospatial data. At the request of Mr. BLUNT, the ment of pregnant detainees. S. 2174 name of the Senator from Maryland S. 3227 At the request of Mr. YOUNG, the (Mr. VAN HOLLEN) was added as a co- At the request of Ms. HARRIS, the name of the Senator from Illinois (Ms. sponsor of S. 2863, a bill to require the name of the Senator from Colorado DUCKWORTH) was added as a cosponsor Secretary of the Treasury to mint a (Mr. BENNET) was added as a cosponsor of S. 2174, a bill to direct the Secretary coin in commemoration of the opening of S. 3227, a bill to reunite families sep- of Veterans Affairs to conduct a study of the National Law Enforcement Mu- arated at or near ports of entry. on the Veterans Crisis Line. seum in the District of Columbia, and S. RES. 572 S. 2265 for other purposes. At the request of Mr. KENNEDY, the At the request of Mr. CRUZ, the name S. 3029 names of the Senator from South Caro- lina (Mr. GRAHAM), the Senator from of the Senator from California (Mrs. At the request of Mr. BENNET, the Arizona (Mr. FLAKE) and the Senator FEINSTEIN) was added as a cosponsor of name of the Senator from Connecticut from Nebraska (Mr. SASSE) were added S. 2265, a bill to promote democracy (Mr. BLUMENTHAL) was added as a co- as cosponsors of S. Res. 572, a resolu- and the rule of law in Nicaragua, and sponsor of S. 3029, a bill to revise and tion supporting the officers and per- for other purposes. extend the Prematurity Research Ex- sonnel who carry out the important pansion and Education for Mothers S. 2276 mission of U.S. Immigration and Cus- At the request of Mr. YOUNG, the who deliver Infants Early Act toms Enforcement. names of the Senator from North Da- (PREEMIE Act). f kota (Mr. HOEVEN) and the Senator S. 3058 from New Hampshire (Ms. HASSAN) At the request of Mr. CASSIDY, the STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED were added as cosponsors of S. 2276, a name of the Senator from Georgia (Mr. BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS bill to require agencies to submit re- ISAKSON) was added as a cosponsor of S. By Mr. BARRASSO (for himself, ports on outstanding recommendations 3058, a bill to amend the Internal Rev- Mr. GARDNER, and Mr. DAINES): in the annual budget justification sub- enue Code of 1986 to eliminate the re- S. 3229. A bill to enhance the security mitted to Congress. quirement that the taxpayer’s basis in of the United States and its allies, and S. 2313 a building be reduced by the amount of for other purposes; to the Committee At the request of Mr. VAN HOLLEN, the rehabilitation credit determined on Foreign Relations. the names of the Senator from Virginia with respect to such building. Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, last (Mr. WARNER), the Senator from Colo- S. 3166 week, President Trump was in Europe meeting with other NATO leaders. One rado (Mr. GARDNER), the Senator from At the request of Mrs. ERNST, the of the major issues he raised was the Wisconsin (Ms. BALDWIN), the Senator names of the Senator from Louisiana need to bolster energy security from South Carolina (Mr. GRAHAM), the (Mr. CASSIDY) and the Senator from throughout NATO. He specifically Senator from Delaware (Mr. COONS), Utah (Mr. HATCH) were added as co- talked about a natural gas pipeline the Senator from Nebraska (Mr. sponsors of S. 3166, a bill to award a that the Russians are building between SASSE), the Senator from Iowa (Mr. Congressional Gold Medal, collectively, Russia and Germany. It is called the GRASSLEY) and the Senator from Wash- to the United States Army Rangers Nord Stream II Pipeline. I have been ington (Ms. CANTWELL) were added as Veterans of World War II in recogni- talking about this pipeline for years. cosponsors of S. 2313, a bill to deter for- tion of their extraordinary service dur- President Trump was absolutely eign interference in United States elec- ing World War II. right to bring up this important sub- tions, and for other purposes. S. 3172 ject. Here is how the Boston Herald put S. 2577 At the request of Mr. PORTMAN, the it in an editorial over the weekend: At the request of Mr. CORNYN, the name of the Senator from South Da- ‘‘Trump’s testy, tough talk to NATO name of the Senator from Utah (Mr. kota (Mr. ROUNDS) was added as a co- on point.’’ They say the President’s HATCH) was added as a cosponsor of S. sponsor of S. 3172, a bill to amend title tough talk was absolutely on point. 2577, a bill to reauthorize programs au- 54, United States Code, to establish, The President pointed out that Ger- thorized under the Debbie Smith Act of fund, and provide for the use of many relies on natural gas for a sub- 2004. amounts in a National Park Service stantial amount of its energy needs.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.017 S18JYPT1 S5068 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 More than half of Germany’s natural wrote that ‘‘the embarrassment for kind of energy diversity and energy se- gas imports come from Russia. With Berlin and NATO is that Germany is so curity that I have recommended. this new pipeline, Germany will actu- happy to help Vladimir Putin execute In March, I wrote a letter to the ally increase its dependence on Russian this plan.’’ That is the embarrassment Treasury and State Departments en- gas. Russia will have more of an influ- for Berlin and the embarrassment for couraging the Trump administration to ence on Germany. NATO. They said: ‘‘Usually hostages look at ways to stop the construction Germany and other countries are need to be taken, instead of volun- of the Nord Stream II Pipeline. That is members of NATO, and the reason they teering.’’ But that is what Germany is what we need to do—stop the construc- are members of NATO is to protect doing right now—volunteering to be tion of the pipeline. It was a bipartisan themselves against Russian aggression. Russia’s hostage. That is exactly right. effort, and 39 Senators from both par- So if you are Germany, why would you Europe needs new energy, new energy ties signed on to the letter to express want to become more dependent on security, and a new energy source. our concerns to President Trump about Russia when you joined NATO and have They need diversity. That is what the what was happening between Russia been a member of NATO for years to European Union needs. They need di- and Germany. protect against Russia aggression? It versity in both the types of energy— Today, I take the next concrete step seems that Germany has turned around that is what our NATO allies need—di- and introduce legislation to do four now and given Russia influence over its versity in the types of energy that they very important things. energy security. use and where they get their energy First, the legislation directs our rep- President Trump pointed out how from. That is how countries ensure resentatives in NATO to work to strange it seems. I think it seems that their own long-term economic achieve energy security for our part- strange to other members of NATO, health and independence is sound. ners throughout Europe and Eurasia. and it seems strange to people all Russia has a right to compete in the Second, it calls for a comprehensive across the country. No one who under- world market for energy. The trouble strategy that involves increasing stands the facts can say that President starts when Russia gets so much of the American energy exports to these Trump is wrong. President Trump is market in some of these European countries being held hostage by Russia. Third, it requires the Energy Sec- right. His tough talk to NATO was on countries that they become a monop- retary to speed up approvals of Amer- point. Even the Obama administration oly in terms of the way they act. Rus- ican natural gas exports to our NATO knew it. The rest of NATO knows it. sia is the largest supplier of natural allies and other countries. Even Germany knows it. When one gas to Europe. Across Europe, nearly 40 Finally, it authorizes mandatory country allows another aggressive, op- percent of the natural gas imports U.S. sanctions on the development of portunistic country like Russia to have come from Russia. So Russia has in- Russian energy pipelines like Nord that kind of influence over its energy credible control. In some countries, it Stream II. security, I believe it is asking for trou- is virtually 100 percent. It is in the national security inter- ble. Germany seems to be betting that Countries like Germany should be re- ests of our country to help our allies increasing its economic ties to the ducing the amount of natural gas they reduce their dependence on Russian en- Kremlin will have no effect on the po- buy from Russia, not increasing it, but ergy. Where those countries don’t see litical manipulations that Russia that is what this Nord Stream II Pipe- it for themselves, we need to show wants to play on Europe. I think it is line between Russia and Germany does. them how important it is for their own a sucker’s bet. It increases the amount of natural gas security. Our NATO alliance is strong. Energy security is national security. Germany will be buying from Russia. A robust energy security strategy will Energy security is called the master Germany should absolutely reject the make it even stronger. resource for a reason. It powers our Nord Stream II Pipeline as part of When Vladimir Putin looks at nat- country. It powers our economy. It is their reduction of dependence on Rus- ural gas, he doesn’t think natural gas; an instrument of power. It is a force sia. That would help shrink the influ- he thinks politics, he thinks money, multiplier. It is important for the ence and the threat Russia continually and he thinks power, because that is United States and our allies around the poses to our NATO allies. It would also how he equates the energy he supplies world to have that correct under- help our other allies in the region be- to these countries, on which they have standing of energy and the impact that cause, right now, a lot of Russian gas become so dependent—money, power, it has globally as a geopolitical weap- travels through pipelines that cross politics. on. We have seen Russia in the past use Ukraine and other countries into Cen- Germany and other countries in Eu- its natural gas as a geopolitical weap- tral Europe. These countries make rope and NATO should be doing all on. Russia threatens other countries. It money from the gas crossing their ter- they can to diversify their sources of extorts money from them. It bullies ritory, and they get a lot of their en- energy so they can help reduce the them. Russians then can tell their cus- ergy through these pipelines as well. threat Russia poses to them. The tomers: Do what we say, or we turn off But remember, Russia has invaded United States should do all we can by the tap and we shut off your gas. They parts of eastern Ukraine. Russia has exporting our abundant natural gas to have done it in the past. taken over Crimea. If Russia has their our allies as quickly as possible. We It also means a lot of money going other new pipeline to help export its have more than enough natural gas to from our NATO allies straight into the natural gas, it can shut off the revenue meet our own needs and to export to Kremlin’s pocket. That is money they for countries, such as Ukraine, and our friends around the world. We can could be using instead to fund aggres- shut off their energy completely. boost the security of our NATO allies sion in Europe and other parts of the Remember, one of the things Presi- and our friends around the world, and world. That is what Russia wants to do dent Trump has done, which I think we should be doing it. We can do it with the money, if they get that money has been helpful and which I had been through a peaceful process and a peace- from Germany, from the energy. They calling for for years during the Obama ful means without spending tax dollars, use the money against us and against administration, is actually provide le- while at the same time growing our our NATO allies. thal weapons to Ukraine to deal with American economy with the produc- This new pipeline, I believe, was all the incursions coming from Russia to tion of American energy. the desire of the Russian people—and eastern Ukraine. Vladimir Putin actu- When President Trump came to of- specifically of Vladimir Putin—to put ally cut off natural gas supplies to fice, he said: It is no longer about en- our NATO allies much more under Rus- Ukraine in 2006, 2009, and 2014. He in- ergy security or energy independence; sia’s control. With the new pipeline, vaded Ukraine and annexed Crimea in it is about energy dominance. Given Russia is seeking to make Germany part to cut off access to the natural gas what we have been blessed with in this and the rest of Europe even more de- and oil resources. country and the amount of energy and pendent and even more susceptible to This is a pattern Vladimir Putin has resources we have, we have an oppor- this kind of Russian coercion. of using energy as a weapon, and the tunity and, I believe, an obligation to The Wall Street Journal had an edi- best defense against this weapon is for use that energy wisely and produc- torial on the subject last week. They these countries in Europe to have the tively.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.027 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5069 Vladimir Putin thinks about energy eracy planning, and other supportive Whereas countless friends, loved ones, as money, as power, and as politics, services. Through the partnerships, spouses, and caregivers of patients with and I think that what we need to do workforce boards can use funds to polycystic kidney disease must shoulder the with the resources we have, as I am in- cover up to 75 percent of wages for each physical, emotional, and financial burdens that polycystic kidney disease causes; troducing in this legislation today, is a eligible young person participating in Whereas the severity of the symptoms of very commonsense approach. the program. polycystic kidney disease and the limited Young people play a critical role in public awareness of the disease cause many By Mr. KAINE: our economy and communities and we patients to live in denial and forego regular S. 3234. A bill to provide at-risk and must ensure that they have the re- visits to their physicians or avoid following disconnected youth with subsidized sources and skills to find and maintain good health management, which would help summer and year-round employment jobs that set them up for future suc- avoid more severe complications when kid- and to assist local community partner- cess. With the right resources, city ney failure occurs; ships in improving high school gradua- governments, local workforce boards, Whereas people who have chronic, life- tion and youth employment rates, and school districts, and employers can threatening diseases like polycystic kidney disease have a predisposition to depression for other purposes; to the Committee work together to help us close the em- because of their anxiety over pain, suffering, on Health, Education, Labor, and Pen- ployment gap we’re seeing for at-risk and premature death; sions. young people. I hope that my col- Whereas the PKD Foundation and its more Mr. KAINE. Mr. President, nearly 5 leagues on both sides of the aisle con- than 50 volunteer chapters around the million young people ages 16 to 24, or 1 sider The Opening Doors for Youth Act United States are dedicated to— in 9 youth, are disconnected from both commonsense legislation that moves (1) conducting research to find treatments school and work. These disconnected the needle forward on promoting access and a cure for polycystic kidney disease; (2) fostering public awareness and under- youth often face significant barriers; for all youth to meaningful employ- standing of polycystic kidney disease; they are three times more likely than ment. (3) educating patients and their families other youth to have a disability, twice f about the disease to improve their treatment as likely to live below the federal pov- and care; and SUBMITTED RESOLUTIONS erty threshold, and significantly more (4) providing support, including by spon- likely to live in racially segregated soring the annual ‘‘Walk for PKD’’ to raise neighborhoods. Disconnection can funds for polycystic kidney disease research, SENATE RESOLUTION 576—DESIG- education, advocacy, and awareness; and leave young people without the entry- NATING SEPTEMBER 4, 2018, AS Whereas the PKD Foundation is partnering level work experience and post-sec- ‘‘NATIONAL POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY on September 4, 2018, with sister organiza- ondary credentials they need to suc- DISEASE AWARENESS DAY’’, AND tions in Canada, the Commonwealth of Aus- ceed in the workforce and with signifi- RAISING AWARENESS AND UN- tralia, and other countries to increase inter- cantly less lifetime earnings than the DERSTANDING OF POLYCYSTIC national awareness of polycystic kidney dis- typical worker. KIDNEY DISEASE ease: Now, therefore, be it Disconnection also imposes signifi- Resolved, That the Senate— Mr. BLUNT (for himself and Mr. NEL- cant costs on affected young people, (1) designates September 4, 2018, as ‘‘Na- SON) submitted the following resolu- tional Polycystic Kidney Disease Awareness their communities, and the overall tion; which was referred to the Com- Day’’; economy. According to Measure of mittee on the Judiciary: (2) supports the goals and ideals of Na- America, in 2013, youth disconnection tional Polycystic Kidney Disease Awareness S. RES. 576 resulted in $26.8 billion in public ex- Day to raise public awareness and under- penditures, including spending on Whereas designating September 4, 2018, as standing of polycystic kidney disease; ‘‘National Polycystic Kidney Disease Aware- health care, public assistance, and in- (3) recognizes the need for additional re- ness Day’’ will raise public awareness and search to find a cure for polycystic kidney carceration. understanding of polycystic kidney disease, Dedicated Federal funding to support disease; and one of the most prevalent, life-threatening (4) encourages all people in the United summer and year-long employment for genetic kidney diseases; States and interested groups to support Na- youth can help to mitigate and prevent Whereas National Polycystic Kidney Dis- tional Polycystic Kidney Awareness Day disconnection, as well as help young ease Awareness Day will help to foster an through appropriate ceremonies and activi- people, their communities, and the understanding of the impact polycystic kid- ties to promote public awareness of poly- economy to flourish and develop our ney disease has on patients and their fami- cystic kidney disease, and to foster an under- lies; future workforce. Twenty years ago, standing of the impact of the disease on pa- Whereas polycystic kidney disease is a pro- tients and their families. dedicated Federal funding supported an gressive, genetic disorder of the kidneys that estimated 500,000 summer jobs for causes damage to the kidneys and the car- f youth. However, when the Workforce diovascular, endocrine, hepatic, and gastro- SENATE RESOLUTION 577—STRONG- Investment Act of 1998 (WIA) elimi- intestinal organ systems; LY RECOMMENDING THAT THE nated Federal stand-alone funding, par- Whereas polycystic kidney disease has a UNITED STATES RENEGOTIATE ticipation in summer youth employ- devastating impact on the health and fi- THE RETURN OF THE IRAQI JEW- ment programs dropped by 50 to 90 per- nances of people of all ages, and equally af- fects people of all races, genders, nationali- ISH ARCHIVE TO IRAQ cent in most local areas. Through tar- ties, geographic locations, and income levels; Mr. TOOMEY (for himself, Mr. geted resources and supports, including Whereas, of the people diagnosed with BLUMENTHAL, Mr. SCHUMER, and Mr. funding for summer and year-long em- polycystic kidney disease, approximately 10 RUBIO) submitted the following resolu- ployment and comprehensive supports percent have no family history of the dis- tion; which was referred to the Com- for youth, we can move closer as a ease, with the disease developing as a spon- mittee on Foreign Relations: country toward reconnecting the mil- taneous (or new) mutation; S. RES. 577 lions of young people who have slipped Whereas there are very few treatments and through the cracks and prevent dis- still no cure for polycystic kidney disease, Whereas, before the mid-20th century, which is one of the 4 leading causes of kidney Baghdad had been a center of Jewish life, connection from occurring in the first failure in the United States; culture, and scholarship, dating back to 721 place. Whereas 50 percent of patients with poly- B.C.; This is why I am pleased to introduce cystic kidney disease suffer kidney failure at Whereas, as recently as 1940, Jews made up today The Opening Doors for Youth an average age of 53, causing a severe strain 25 percent of Baghdad’s population; Act. The Opening Doors for Youth Act on dialysis and kidney transplantation re- Whereas, in the 1930s and 1940s, under the aims to assist the 5 million at-risk sources and on the delivery of health care in leadership of Rasheed Ali, anti-Jewish dis- young people who are disconnected the United States; crimination increased drastically, including from both school and work find sum- Whereas polycystic kidney disease instills the June 1–2, 1941, Farhud pogrom, in which mer or year-long jobs that help them in patients fear of an unknown future with a nearly 180 Jews were killed; life-threatening genetic disease and appre- Whereas, in 1948, Zionism was added to the to succeed in future careers. The bill hension over possible discrimination, includ- Iraqi criminal code as punishable by death; provides, Federal funding so local com- ing the risk of losing their health and life in- Whereas, throughout 1950–1953, Jews were munities can create partnerships with surance, their jobs, and their chances for allowed to leave Iraq under the condition businesses, mentoring, financial lit- promotion; that they renounce their citizenship;

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.028 S18JYPT1 S5070 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 Whereas, as result of past persecution, few (3) recognizes that the initial agreement national presence of any Federal law en- Jews remain in Iraq today, and many left between the National Archives and Records forcement agency, facilitating— their possessions and treasured artifacts be- Administration and the Coalition Provi- (1) close collaboration with international hind; sional Authority was signed before knowing partners around the world, including in the Whereas the Ba’ath regime confiscated the complete history of the Iraqi Jewish Ar- Republic of Colombia, the United Mexican these artifacts, later dubbed the Iraqi Jewish chive; States, the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Archive, from synagogues and communal or- (4) reaffirms the United States’ commit- and the People’s Republic of China, through ganizations; ment to cultural property under inter- information-sharing, training, and tech- Whereas, on May 6, 2003, members of the national law; and nology; and United States Armed Forces discovered the (5) reaffirms the commitment of the (2) the provision of resources that have re- Iraqi Jewish Archive, which included 2,700 United States to ensuring justice for victims sulted in the disruption or dismantling of 300 books and tens of thousands of documents, in of ethnic and religious persecution. priority target drug trafficking organiza- the heavily damaged and flooded basement f tions in the Republic of Colombia, 226 in the of the Mukhabarat (secret police) head- United Mexican States, 53 in the Islamic Re- quarters; SENATE RESOLUTION 578—HON- public of Afghanistan, and 45 in the People’s Whereas, under great urgency and before ORING THE MEN AND WOMEN OF Republic of China; adequate time could be dedicated to re- THE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AD- Whereas, throughout the history of the searching the history of the Iraqi Jewish Ar- MINISTRATION ON THE 45TH AN- DEA, employees and members of the agen- chive, an agreement was signed between the NIVERSARY OF THE AGENCY cy’s task forces have sacrificed their lives in National Archives and Records Administra- the line of duty, including Emir Benitez, tion and the Coalition Provisional Authority Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself and Mrs. Gerald Sawyer, Leslie S. Grosso, Nickolas on August 20, 2003, stating that the Iraqi FEINSTEIN) submitted the following res- Fragos, Mary M. Keehan, Charles H. Mann, Jewish Archive would be sent to the United olution; which was referred to the Anna Y. Mounger, Anna J. Pope, Martha D. States for restoration and then would be Committee on the Judiciary: Skeels, Mary P. Sullivan, Larry D. Wallace, sent back to Iraq after completion; Ralph N. Shaw, James T. Lunn, Octavio Gon- S. RES. 578 Whereas the Iraqi Jewish community is zalez, Francis J. Miller, Robert C. Lightfoot, the constituency of the Archive and is now Whereas the Drug Enforcement Adminis- Thomas J. Devine, Larry N. Carwell, represented by the diaspora outside Iraq; tration (referred to in this preamble as the Marcellus Ward, Enrique S. Camarena, Whereas the current Government of Iraq ‘‘DEA’’) was— James A. Avant, Charles M. Bassing, Kevin has publicly acknowledged the importance of (1) established by an Executive order on L. Brosch, Susan M. Hoefler, William Ramos, the Archive and demonstrated a shared re- July 1, 1973; and Raymond J. Stastny, Arthur L. Cash, Terry spect for the wishes of the Iraqi Jewish dias- (2) given the responsibility to coordinate W. McNett, George M. Montoya, Paul S. pora by attending the December 2013 burial all activities of the Federal Government di- Seema, Everett E. Hatcher, Rickie C. Finley, of several Torah fragments from the Archive rectly related to the enforcement of the drug Joseph T. Aversa, Wallie Howard, Jr., Eu- in New York; laws of the United States; gene T. McCarthy, Alan H. Winn, George D. Whereas United States taxpayers invested Whereas the more than 8,900 men and Althouse, Becky L. Dwojeski, Stephen J. $3,000,000 to restore the Iraqi Jewish Archive, women of the DEA, including special agents, Strehl, Richard E. Fass, Frank Fernandez, and the National Archives and Records Ad- intelligence analysts, diversion investiga- Jr., Jay W. Seale, Meredith Thompson, Juan ministration has worked diligently to pre- tors, program analysts, forensic chemists, C. Vars, Frank S. Wallace, Jr., Shelly D. serve the artifacts; attorneys, and administrative support staff, Bland, Rona L. Chafey, Carrol June Fields, Whereas the National Archives and as well as more than 2,700 task force officers Carrie A. Lenz, Kenneth G. McCullough, Records Administration has, from 2013 to and hundreds of vetted foreign drug law en- Shaun E. Curl, Larry Steilen, Royce D. 2018, displayed the Iraqi Jewish Archive in— forcement officers— Tramel, Alice Faye Hall-Walton, Elton Lee (1) serve the United States with courage; (1) Washington, DC; Armstead, Terry Loftus, Donald C. Ware, and (2) New York, New York; Jay Balchunas, Thomas J. Byrne, Jr., Sam- (2) help protect the people of the United (3) Kansas City, Missouri; uel Hicks, Forrest N. Leamon, Chad L. Mi- States from drug trafficking, drug abuse, and (4) Yorba Linda, California; chael, Michael E. Weston, James Terry Wat- related violence; (5) Miami Beach, Florida; son, and Brent L. Hanger; and (6) Dallas, Texas; Whereas, during the 45 years since the es- Whereas many other DEA employees and (7) Atlanta, Georgia; and tablishment of the DEA, the agency has tar- task force officers have been wounded or in- (8) Baltimore, Maryland; geted and brought to justice numerous jured in the line of duty, including 14 who Whereas the exhibition of the Iraqi Jewish criminals from around the world; have received the DEA Purple Heart Award: Archive across the United States and its Whereas, throughout the 45-year history of Now, therefore, be it cataloguing online has enabled people the DEA, the agency has continually adapted Resolved, That the Senate— throughout the world and especially the to evolving trends of drug trafficking organi- (1) congratulates the Drug Enforcement Iraqi Jewish community diaspora to dis- zations by targeting individuals involved in Administration on the occasion of its 45th cover, learn about, and reflect upon the rich the manufacturing, distribution, and sale of anniversary; history of the Jewish community in Iraq; drugs, including cocaine, heroin, meth- (2) honors the heroic sacrifice of the em- Whereas, in February 2014, the United amphetamine, marijuana, ecstasy, con- ployees of the agency who have sacrificed States Senate unanimously passed a resolu- trolled prescription drugs, and new their lives or who have been wounded or in- tion calling on the Administration to extend psychoactive substances; jured in the service of the United States; and the agreement to keep temporarily the Iraqi Whereas, during the past decade, DEA spe- (3) gives heartfelt thanks to all the men Jewish Archives in the United States; cial agents— and women of the Drug Enforcement Admin- Whereas the Administration reached an (1) seized— agreement with the Government of Iraq to (A) more than 65,000 kilograms of heroin; istration for their past and continued efforts keep the Archive in the United States until (B) 1,240,000 kilograms of cocaine; to protect the people of the United States September 2018; and (C) 3,240,000 kilograms of marijuana; from the dangers of drug abuse. Whereas the Iraqi Embassy to the United (D) more than 191,000 kilograms of meth- f States has said that the Iraqi Jewish com- amphetamine; and munity, like other communities in Iraq, (E) more than 23,000,000 dosage units of played a key role in building the country, controlled prescription drugs; and SENATE RESOLUTION 579—HON- shared in its prosperity, and also suffered (2) identified more than 600 new ORING THE LIFE, ACCOMPLISH- exile and forced departure because of tyr- psychoactive substances, including con- MENTS, AND LEGACY OF NEL- anny: Now, therefore, be it trolled substance analogues; SON MANDELA ON THE CEN- Resolved, That the Senate— Whereas the DEA has deployed enforce- TENARY OF HIS BIRTH (1) strongly urges the Department of State ment and regulatory tools and strategies to to renegotiate with the Government of Iraq address the threat posed by new Mr. COONS (for himself, Mr. SCHU- the provisions of the current agreement that psychoactive substances, including con- MER, Mr. FLAKE, Mr. BOOKER, Mr. ISAK- establish the date by which the artifacts of trolled substance analogues, which— SON, Mr. JONES, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. KAINE, Iraqi Jewish Archive are meant to return to (1) mimic the effects of known licit and il- Mr. MARKEY, Mr. MERKLEY, Mr. MUR- Iraq in order to ensure that they are kept in licit controlled substances, including PHY, Mr. VAN HOLLEN, Mr. REED, Mr. a place where long-term preservation and fentanyl; and BENNET, Mrs. GILLIBRAND, Ms. BALD- care can be guaranteed; (2) are largely responsible for driving the WIN, Ms. WARREN, Ms. KLOBUCHAR, Mr. (2) recognizes that the Iraqi Jewish Ar- opioid epidemic that claimed the lives of chive should be housed in a location that is more than 42,000 individuals in the United DONNELLY, and Mr. WHITEHOUSE) sub- accessible to scholars and to Iraqi Jews and States in 2016; mitted the following resolution; which their descendants who have a personal inter- Whereas, with 91 foreign offices located in was referred to the Committee on For- est in it; 70 countries, the DEA has the largest inter- eign Relations:

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S. RES. 579 Whereas, on July 9, 2002, former President tance of trademarks and wish to support the Whereas Nelson Mandela was born on July George W. Bush honored Nelson Mandela United States Patent and Trademark Office 18, 1918, as Rolihlahla Mandela in the village with the Presidential Medal of Freedom; in operating to drive economic growth and of Mvezo in the Eastern Cape of South Afri- Whereas on November 10, 2009, the United enhance the competitiveness of the United ca; Nations General Assembly unanimously States; Whereas Nelson Mandela became a polit- adopted a resolution to designate July 18 as Whereas the first National Trademark Ex- ical activist as a young man and engaged in Nelson Mandela International Day; position took place more than 30 years ago diverse acts of civil disobedience and resist- Whereas the United States was a proud in Washington, D.C.; ance during the struggle against apartheid, sponsor of the resolution; Whereas, in an increasingly competitive the state-enforced system of racial segrega- Whereas, on December 5, 2013, Nelson global marketplace, counterfeit goods pose tion and systematic oppression maintained Mandela died at the age of 95; an escalating threat to businesses and jobs by the former white minority government of Whereas former President George W. Bush in the United States; South Africa; called Nelson Mandela ‘‘one of the great Whereas counterfeit goods cost the United Whereas Nelson Mandela was arrested forces for freedom and equality of our time’’; States billions of dollars and countless jobs twice in 1952 for his participation in the Defi- Whereas former President Barack Obama annually; ance Campaign, which involved the orga- called Nelson Mandela ‘‘the last great lib- Whereas it is important for Congress and nized contravention of apartheid laws erator of the 20th century’’ and observed consumers to understand the impact of coun- through acts of civil disobedience, and re- that ‘‘Mandela taught us the power of ac- terfeit goods on the economy of, and the ceived a suspended sentence of imprisonment tion, but he also taught us the power of health and safety of consumers in, the with hard labor; ideas; the importance of reason and argu- United States; Whereas, on August 5, 1962, as a leader of ments; [and] the need to study not only Whereas low quality counterfeit goods the African National Congress and the Afri- those who you agree with, but also those who can— can National Congress Youth League, Nelson you don’t agree with’’; (1) be dangerous to consumers and harmful Mandela was arrested for his activism to end Whereas, on July 28, 2014, former President the discriminatory policies of apartheid; Barack Obama renamed the Young African to entrepreneurs; and Whereas, on June 12, 1964, Nelson Mandela Leaders Initiative fellowship the ‘‘Mandela (2) erode consumer confidence in brands; was found guilty of all charges against him Washington Fellowship for Young African Whereas trademark registration and Fed- and sentenced to life imprisonment; Leaders’’ in honor of Nelson Mandela; eral trademark law assist the public in— Whereas the global movement to release Whereas July 18, 2018 marks the centenary (1) discerning between authentic and coun- Nelson Mandela and end the South African of the birth of Nelson Mandela, which pro- system of apartheid— vides an opportunity for people around the terfeit merchandise; and (1) employed international economic sanc- world to reflect on his life and promote his (2) stopping the flow of counterfeit goods; tions, such as the sanctions under the Com- legacy; Whereas consumers in the United States prehensive Anti-Apartheid Act of 1986 (Pub- Whereas, through the leadership of Nelson encounter an average of 1,500 trademarks lic Law 99–440; 100 Stat. 1086); and Mandela, the notion and spirit of ‘‘Ubuntu’’, each day; (2) included the condemnation of apartheid a South African term referring to the inter- Whereas it is important for the United by countless citizens, artists, intellectuals, connectedness and harmony of humanity, States to strive to have the best intellectual and activists of the United States; has spread throughout the world; and property system possible that is understood Whereas, on February 11, 1990, under in- Whereas Nelson Mandela leaves a legacy by the public of the United States; creasing international pressure and domestic that transcends his time and place in history Whereas the Congressional Trademark campaign efforts, Nelson Mandela was re- and will guide and inspire future genera- Caucus focuses on supporting initiatives that leased from prison after 27 years, 6 months, tions: Now, therefore, be it increase awareness of, and foster a produc- Resolved, That the Senate— and 1 week of continuous incarceration; tive public dialogue about, the importance of (1) honors the life, accomplishments, and Whereas, on his release, Nelson Mandela trademarks and the risks associated with legacy of Nelson Mandela; earned international recognition for leading counterfeit goods; (2) celebrates the leadership and commit- efforts to foster reconciliation, peace, and Whereas the National Trademark Expo- ment of Nelson Mandela to fighting discrimi- democracy and for bringing about a nego- sition supports the work of the Congres- nation, poverty, and inequality and to pro- tiated transition ending the apartheid sys- sional Trademark Caucus by facilitating the moting human rights and justice for all; tem and establishing universal suffrage and education of thousands of consumers; and (3) recognizes the shared history between equal rights for all South Africans; Whereas educating the public about the South Africa and the United States, the em- Whereas, on July 4, 1993, former President value of brand names and trademarks in an bedded legacies of racial discrimination and Bill Clinton awarded Nelson Mandela and increasingly competitive global marketplace division in both countries, and the shared Frederik Willem de Klerk the Philadelphia serves the public interest of helping to safe- and continuing efforts to overcome those Liberty Medal; guard consumers against deception and con- challenges in the manner exemplified by Nel- Whereas, on October 1, 1993, the Nobel fusion in the marketplace: Now, therefore, be son Mandela; Peace Prize was jointly awarded to Nelson it Mandela and Frederik Willem de Klerk ‘‘for (4) encourages the Administration of Presi- their work for the peaceful termination of dent Donald Trump to foster the enduring Resolved, That— the apartheid regime, and for laying the relationship between the people and govern- (1) it is the sense of the Senate that— foundations of a new democratic South Afri- ments of South Africa and the United States; (A) there should be greater public aware- ca’’; and ness of the importance of trademarks for the Whereas, between April 16 and April 29, (5) encourages people around the world to society and economy of the United States; 1994, the citizens of South Africa voted in the reflect on the importance of tolerance, for- (B) the 2018 National Trademark Expo- first fully representative, multiracial na- giveness, and peace in honor of the cen- sition of the United States Patent and tional elections in the history of South Afri- tenary of the birth of Nelson Mandela. Trademark Office provides a unique oppor- ca; f tunity to— Whereas, on May 9, 1994, the National As- (i) educate the people of the United States sembly elected Nelson Mandela as President SENATE RESOLUTION 580—RECOG- about trademarks; and of the Republic of South Africa under a gov- NIZING AND SUPPORTING PUB- (ii) encourage— ernment of national unity; LIC AWARENESS OF THE IMPOR- (I) a greater understanding of the role that Whereas, during his term as President of TANCE OF TRADEMARKS AND trademarks play in the economy of the South Africa from 1994 to 1999, Nelson THE GOALS AND IDEALS OF THE United States; and Mandela— NATIONAL TRADEMARK EXPO- (II) corporations, small businesses, govern- mental agencies, and nonprofit organizations (1) led the peaceful transition from apart- SITION OF THE UNITED STATES heid minority rule to multicultural, multira- to share information with the public about cial, and multiparty democracy; and PATENT AND TRADEMARK OF- trademarks; and (2) played a critical role in the ongoing ef- FICE (C) the United States Patent and Trade- forts of South Africa to foster national rec- Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself and Mr. mark Office and the Smithsonian Institution onciliation; COONS) submitted the following resolu- should be recognized for orchestrating a free, Whereas, on July 29, 1998, Congress award- tion; which was referred to the Com- family-friendly event that educates tens of ed Nelson Mandela the Congressional Gold thousands of people about the importance of Medal; mittee on the Judiciary: trademarks; and Whereas the decision of Nelson Mandela to S. RES. 580 (2) the Senate supports efforts to increase step down after 1 term as the elected Presi- Whereas intellectual property is instru- public awareness of the importance of trade- dent of South Africa was a commendable act mental to the economy of the United States marks, including the goals and ideals of the exemplifying his commitment to democratic by fueling innovation and creating jobs; 2018 National Trademark Exposition of the principles and serves as a model for elected Whereas Congress and the Congressional United States Patent and Trademark Office leaders around the globe; Trademark Caucus understand the impor- held on July 27 and 28, 2018.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.028 S18JYPT1 S5072 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED AND thorized to meet during today’s session ing this period, please submit a form PROPOSED of the Senate: that states ‘‘none.’’ SA 3397. Mr. ROUNDS (for Mr. RISCH) pro- COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND Mass mailing registrations or nega- posed an amendment to the bill S. 526, to TRANSPORTATION tive reports can be submitted elec- amend the Small Business Act to provide for The Committee on Commerce, tronically or delivered to the Senate expanded participation in the microloan pro- Science, and Transportation is author- Office of Public Records, 232 Hart gram, and for other purposes . ized to meet during the session of the Building, Washington, DC 20510–7116. SA 3398. Mr. ROUNDS (for Mr. FLAKE) pro- Senate on Wednesday, July 18, 2018, at The Senate Office of Public Records posed an amendment to the bill S. 2850, to 10:15 a.m., to conduct a hearing enti- is open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. For fur- amend the White Mountain Apache Tribe ther information, please contact the Water Rights Quantification Act of 2010 to tled ‘‘Sharks’’. clarify the use of amounts in the WMAT Set- COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS Senate Office of Public Records at (202) tlement Fund. The Committee on Foreign Relations 224–0322. f is authorized to meet during the ses- f TEXT OF AMENDMENTS sion of the Senate on Wednesday, July EXECUTIVE SESSION 18, 2018, at 10 a.m., to conduct a hearing SA 3397. Mr. ROUNDS (for Mr. RISCH) on the nominations of Brian J. proposed an amendment to the bill S. Bulatao, of Texas, to be an Under Sec- EXECUTIVE CALENDAR 526, to amend the Small Business Act retary (Management), and Denise Mr. ROUNDS. Mr. President, I ask to provide for expanded participation Natali, of New Jersey, to be an Assist- unanimous consent that the Senate in the microloan program, and for ant Secretary (Conflict and Stabiliza- proceed to executive session for the other purposes; as follows: tion Operations), both of the Depart- consideration of Calendar No. 942; that Strike section 4. ment of State. the nomination be confirmed; that the COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY AND Mr. ROUNDS (for Mr. motion to reconsider be considered SA 3398. GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS FLAKE) proposed an amendment to the made and laid upon the table with no The Committee on Homeland Secu- bill S. 2850, to amend the White Moun- intervening action or debate; that no rity and Governmental Affairs is au- tain Apache Tribe Water Rights Quan- further motions be in order; that any thorized to meet during the session of tification Act of 2010 to clarify the use statements related to the nomination the Senate on Wednesday, July 18, 2018, of amounts in the WMAT Settlement be printed in the Record; that the at 10 a.m., to conduct a hearing. Fund; as follows: President be immediately notified of COMMITTEE ON INDIAN AFFAIRS Strike all after the enacting clause and in- the Senate’s action, and the Senate sert the following: The Committee on Indian Affairs is then resume legislative session. SEC. lll. USE OF FUNDS IN WMAT SETTLE- authorized to meet during the session The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without MENT FUND FOR WMAT RURAL of the Senate on Wednesday, July 18, objection, it is so ordered. WATER SYSTEM. 2018, at 2:30 p.m., to conduct a hearing. The nomination considered and con- (a) AUTHORIZATION OF WMAT RURAL WATER COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY firmed is as follows: SYSTEM.—Section 307(a) of the White Moun- tain Apache Tribe Water Rights Quantifica- The Committee on the Judiciary is IN THE COAST GUARD tion Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–291; 124 Stat. authorized to meet during the session The following named officer for appoint- 3080) is amended in the matter preceding of the Senate on Wednesday, July 18, ment in the United States Coast Guard Re- paragraph (1) by inserting ‘‘, (b)(2),’’ after 2018, at 10 a.m., to conduct a hearing. serve to the grade indicated under title 10, ‘‘subsections (a)’’. SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING U.S.C., section 12203(a): (b) FUNDING.—Section 312(b)(2)(C)(i)(III) of The Special Committee on Aging is To be rear admiral the White Mountain Apache Tribe Water Rear Adm. (1h) Andrew S. McKinley Rights Quantification Act of 2010 (Public authorized to meet during the session Law 111–291; 124 Stat. 3093) is amended by of the Senate on Wednesday, July 18, f 2018, at 9:30 a.m., to conduct a hearing. striking the period at the end and inserting LEGISLATIVE SESSION the following: ‘‘, including the planning, de- SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE, sign, and construction of the WMAT rural CUSTOMS, AND GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- water system, in accordance with section The Subcommittee on International ate will now resume legislative session. 307(a).’’. Trade, Customs, and Global Competi- f SEC. lll. EXPANSION OF PUEBLO OF SANTA tiveness of the Committee on Finance CLARA LAND ELIGIBLE FOR 99-YEAR MICROLOAN MODERNIZATION ACT is authorized to meet during the ses- LEASE. OF 2017 Subsection (a) of the first section of the sion of the Senate on Wednesday, July Act of August 9, 1955 (commonly known as 18, 2018, at 2:30 p.m., to conduct a hear- Mr. ROUNDS. Mr. President, I ask the ‘‘Long-Term Leasing Act’’) (25 U.S.C. ing. unanimous consent that the Senate 415(a)), is amended— proceed to the immediate consider- (1) by striking ‘‘Indians,,’’ and inserting f ation of Calendar No. 346, S. 526. ‘‘Indians,’’; PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR The PRESIDING OFFICER. The (2) by inserting ‘‘Ohkay Owingeh pueblo,’’ Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, I ask clerk will report the bill by title. after ‘‘Cochiti,’’; The legislative clerk read as follows: (3) by inserting ‘‘the pueblo of Santa unanimous consent that Molly Patrick, Clara,’’ after ‘‘Pojoaque,’’; Lane Davis, Victoria Barczyk, James A bill (S. 526) to amend the Small Business (4) by striking ‘‘the the lands’’ and insert- Payne, and Gabe Dabin, interns from Act to provide for expanded participation in ing ‘‘the land’’; the microloan program, and for other pur- Senator KENNEDY’s office, be granted poses. (5) by striking ‘‘lands held in trust for the floor privileges for the remainder of Pueblo of Santa Clara,’’; and the day. There being no objection, the Senate (6) by striking ‘‘lands held in trust for proceeded to consider the bill, which Ohkay Owingeh Pueblo’’. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. had been reported from the Committee f on Small Business and Entrepreneur- f AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO ship, with an amendment to strike all MEET NOTICE: REGISTRATION OF MASS after the enacting clause and insert in lieu thereof the following: Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, I MAILINGS have 7 requests for committees to meet The filing date for the 2018 second SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Microloan Mod- during today’s session of the Senate. quarter Mass Mailing report is Wednes- ernization Act of 2018’’. They have the approval of the Majority day, July 25, 2018. SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. and Minority leaders. An electronic option is available on In this Act— Pursuant to rule XXVI, paragraph Webster that will allow forms to be (1) the term ‘‘intermediary’’ has the meaning 5(a), of the Standing Rules of the Sen- submitted via a fillable pdf document. given the term in section 7(m)(11) of the Small ate, the following committees are au- If your office did no mass mailings dur- Business Act (15 U.S.C. 636(m)(11)); and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 6333 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.022 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5073 (2) the term ‘‘microloan program’’ means the The PRESIDING OFFICER. If there SMALL BUSINESS INNOVATION program established under section 7(m) of the is no further debate, the bill having PROTECTION ACT OF 2017 Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 636(m)). been read the third time, the question SEC. 3. MICROLOAN INTERMEDIARY LENDING Mr. ROUNDS. Mr. President, I ask is, Shall the bill pass? unanimous consent that the Senate LIMIT INCREASED. The bill (S. 526), as amended, was Section 7(m)(3)(C) of the Small Business Act proceed to the immediate consider- (15 U.S.C. 636(m)(3)(C)) is amended by striking passed, as follows: ation of Calendar No. 347, S. 791. ‘‘$5,000,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$6,000,000’’. S. 526 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The SEC. 4. MICROLOAN TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- clerk will report the bill by title. Section 7(m)(4)(E) of the Small Business Act resentatives of the United States of America in The legislative clerk read as follows: Congress assembled, (15 U.S.C. 636(m)(4)(E)) is amended by striking A bill (S. 791) to amend the Small Business SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. ‘‘25 percent’’ each place that term appears and Act to expand intellectual property edu- This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Microloan inserting ‘‘50 percent’’. cation and training for small businesses, and Modernization Act of 2018’’. SEC. 5. SBA STUDY OF MICROENTERPRISE PAR- for other purposes. TICIPATION. SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. Not later than 1 year after the date of enact- In this Act— There being no objection, the Senate ment of this Act, the Administrator of the Small (1) the term ‘‘intermediary’’ has the mean- proceeded to consider the bill. Business Administration shall conduct a study ing given the term in section 7(m)(11) of the Mr. ROUNDS. I ask unanimous con- and submit to the Committee on Small Business Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 636(m)(11)); and sent that the bill be considered read a and Entrepreneurship of the Senate and the (2) the term ‘‘microloan program’’ means third time. Committee on Small Business of the House of the program established under section 7(m) The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Representatives a report on— of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 636(m)). objection, it is so ordered. (1) the operations (including services pro- SEC. 3. MICROLOAN INTERMEDIARY LENDING The bill was ordered to be engrossed vided, structure, size, and area of operation) of LIMIT INCREASED. a representative sample of— Section 7(m)(3)(C) of the Small Business for a third reading and was read the (A) intermediaries that are eligible to partici- Act (15 U.S.C. 636(m)(3)(C)) is amended by third time. pate in the microloan program and that do par- striking ‘‘$5,000,000’’ and inserting Mr. ROUNDS. I know of no further ticipate; and ‘‘$6,000,000’’. debate on the bill. (B) intermediaries (including those operated SEC. 4. SBA STUDY OF MICROENTERPRISE PAR- The PRESIDING OFFICER. If there for profit, operated not for profit, and those af- TICIPATION. is no further debate, the bill having filiated with a United States institution of high- Not later than 1 year after the date of en- been read the third time, the question er learning) that are eligible to participate in actment of this Act, the Administrator of the microloan program and that do not partici- is, Shall the bill pass? the Small Business Administration shall The bill (S. 791) was passed, as fol- pate; conduct a study and submit to the Com- (2) the reasons why intermediaries described mittee on Small Business and Entrepreneur- lows: in paragraph (1)(B) choose not to participate in ship of the Senate and the Committee on S. 791 the microloan program; Small Business of the House of Representa- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- (3) recommendations on how to encourage in- tives a report on— resentatives of the United States of America in creased participation in the microloan program (1) the operations (including services pro- Congress assembled, by intermediaries described in paragraph (1)(B); vided, structure, size, and area of operation) SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. and of a representative sample of— This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Small Busi- (4) recommendations on how to decrease the (A) intermediaries that are eligible to par- ness Innovation Protection Act of 2017’’. costs associated with participation in the ticipate in the microloan program and that SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. microloan program for eligible intermediaries. do participate; and In this Act— SEC. 6. GAO STUDY ON MICROLOAN INTER- (B) intermediaries (including those oper- (1) the term ‘‘Administrator’’ means the MEDIARY PRACTICES. ated for profit, operated not for profit, and Administrator of the SBA; Not later than 1 year after the date of enact- those affiliated with a United States institu- (2) the term ‘‘Director’’ means the Under ment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the tion of higher learning) that are eligible to Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual United States shall submit to the Committee on participate in the microloan program and Property and Director of the USPTO; Small Business and Entrepreneurship of the that do not participate; (3) the term ‘‘SBA’’ means the Small Busi- Senate and the Committee on Small Business of (2) the reasons why intermediaries de- ness Administration; the House of Representatives a report evalu- scribed in paragraph (1)(B) choose not to par- (4) the term ‘‘small business concern’’ has ating— ticipate in the microloan program; the meaning given the term in section 3(a) of (1) oversight of the microloan program by the (3) recommendations on how to encourage the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632(a)); Small Business Administration, including over- increased participation in the microloan pro- (5) the term ‘‘small business development sight of intermediaries participating in the gram by intermediaries described in para- center’’ means a center described in section microloan program; and graph (1)(B); and 21 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 648); (2) the specific processes used by the Small (4) recommendations on how to decrease and Business Administration to ensure— the costs associated with participation in (6) the term ‘‘USPTO’’ means the United (A) compliance by intermediaries participating the microloan program for eligible inter- States Patent and Trademark Office. in the microloan program; and mediaries. SEC. 3. FINDINGS. (B) the overall performance of the microloan SEC. 5. GAO STUDY ON MICROLOAN INTER- program. MEDIARY PRACTICES. Congress finds that— Mr. ROUNDS. Mr. President, I ask Not later than 1 year after the date of en- (1) the USPTO and the SBA are positioned unanimous consent that the com- actment of this Act, the Comptroller General to— of the United States shall submit to the (A) build upon several successful intellec- mittee-reported substitute amendment tual property and training programs aimed be agreed to; that the Risch amend- Committee on Small Business and Entrepre- neurship of the Senate and the Committee at small business concerns; and ment at the desk be agreed to; that the on Small Business of the House of Represent- (B) increase the availability of and the par- bill, as amended, be considered read a atives a report evaluating— ticipation in the programs described in sub- third time. (1) oversight of the microloan program by paragraph (A) across the United States; and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the Small Business Administration, includ- (2) any education and training program ad- objection, it is so ordered. ing oversight of intermediaries participating ministered by the USPTO and the SBA The committee-reported amendment in the microloan program; and should be scalable so that the program is able to reach more small business concerns. in the nature of a substitute was (2) the specific processes used by the Small agreed to. Business Administration to ensure— SEC. 4. SBA AND USPTO PARTNERSHIPS. (a) IN GENERAL.—Beginning not later than The amendment (No. 3397) was agreed (A) compliance by intermediaries partici- pating in the microloan program; and 180 days after the date of enactment of this to, as follows: (B) the overall performance of the Act, the Administrator, in consultation with (Purpose: To strike section 4) microloan program. the Director, shall develop partnership Strike section 4. Mr. ROUNDS. I ask unanimous con- agreements that— The bill was ordered to be engrossed (1) provide for the— sent that the motion to reconsider be (A) development of high-quality training, for a third reading and was read the considered made and laid upon the including in-person or modular training ses- third time. table. sions, for small business concerns relating to Mr. ROUNDS. I know of no further The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without domestic and international protection of in- debate on the bill, as amended. objection, it is so ordered. tellectual property;

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.036 S18JYPT1 S5074 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 (B) leveraging of training materials al- 3080) is amended in the matter preceding HONORING THE LIFE, ACCOM- ready developed for the education of inven- paragraph (1) by inserting ‘‘, (b)(2),’’ after PLISHMENTS, AND LEGACY OF tors and small business concerns; and ‘‘subsections (a)’’. NELSON MANDELA (C) participation of a nongovernmental or- (b) FUNDING.—Section 312(b)(2)(C)(i)(III) of ganization; and the White Mountain Apache Tribe Water Mr. COONS. Mr. President on this (2) provide training— Rights Quantification Act of 2010 (Public date a century ago, an extraordinary (A) through electronic resources, including Law 111–291; 124 Stat. 3093) is amended by life began that would change the lives Internet-based webinars; and striking the period at the end and inserting of millions of others. One hundred (B) at physical locations, including— the following: ‘‘, including the planning, de- years ago today, Nelson Mandela was (i) a small business development center; sign, and construction of the WMAT rural born in the village of Mvezo in a coun- and water system, in accordance with section tryside of grass-covered rolling hills in (ii) the headquarters or a regional office of 307(a).’’. the Eastern Cape of South Africa. That the USPTO. SEC. lll. EXPANSION OF PUEBLO OF SANTA day began a 95-year journey of one man SEC. 5. SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT CEN- CLARA LAND ELIGIBLE FOR 99-YEAR TERS. LEASE. who led the South African people to Section 21(c)(3) of the Small Business Act Subsection (a) of the first section of the liberation and whose legacy continues (15 U.S.C. 648(c)(3)) is amended— Act of August 9, 1955 (commonly known as to reverberate through time. (1) in subparagraph (S), by striking ‘‘and’’ the ‘‘Long-Term Leasing Act’’) (25 U.S.C. Over the course of his life, Nelson at the end; 415(a)), is amended— Mandela, known by his nickname (2) in subparagraph (T), by striking the pe- (1) by striking ‘‘Indians,,’’ and inserting ‘‘Madiba,’’ became venerated as a glob- riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and ‘‘Indians,’’; al advocate for justice and equality by (3) by adding at the end the following: (2) by inserting ‘‘Ohkay Owingeh pueblo,’’ millions—arguably, more than any ‘‘(U) in conjunction with the United States after ‘‘Cochiti,’’; other political figure of our time. Patent and Trademark Office, providing (3) by inserting ‘‘the pueblo of Santa Through political activism and resist- Clara,’’ after ‘‘Pojoaque,’’; training— ance, Madiba led a revolution by shep- ‘‘(i) to small business concerns relating (4) by striking ‘‘the the lands’’ and insert- to— ing ‘‘the land’’; herding his people from racial division, ‘‘(I) domestic and international intellec- (5) by striking ‘‘lands held in trust for the hate, and subjugation to freedom, tol- tual property protections; and Pueblo of Santa Clara,’’; and erance, and democracy. ‘‘(II) how the protections described in sub- (6) by striking ‘‘lands held in trust for One of the most striking aspects of clause (I) should be considered in the busi- Ohkay Owingeh Pueblo’’. Nelson Mandela’s leadership as the ness plans and growth strategies of the small The bill (S. 2850), as amended, was or- first President of a truly free, non- business concerns; and dered to be engrossed for a third read- racial, nonsexist South Africa was his ‘‘(ii) that may be delivered— ing, was read the third time, and enormous capacity for forgiveness and ‘‘(I) in person; or passed. his ability to open his heart to those ‘‘(II) through a website.’’. who were once his brutal oppressors. Mr. ROUNDS. I ask unanimous con- f Twenty years after he was released sent that the motion to reconsider be from a lifetime in prison, Nelson considered made and laid upon the ORDERS FOR THURSDAY, JULY 19, 2018 Mandela invited to dinner at his own table. home one of his former jailers, a man The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Mr. ROUNDS. Mr. President, I ask with whom he had become close objection, it is so ordered. unanimous consent that when the Sen- friends, saying that their friendship re- f ate completes its business today, it ad- inforced his belief in the essential hu- journ until 10 a.m., Thursday, July 19; manity of even those who had kept him AMENDING THE WHITE MOUNTAIN further, that following the prayer and for so long behind bars. How long? APACHE TRIBE WATER RIGHTS pledge, the morning hour be deemed Twenty-six years, 6 months, and 1 QUANTIFICATION ACT OF 2010 expired, the Journal of proceedings be week. Mr. ROUNDS. Mr. President, I ask approved to date, the time for the two Despite all of those years, months, unanimous consent that the Senate leaders be reserved for their use later and days of continuous imprisonment, proceed to the immediate consider- in the day, and morning business be Nelson Mandela never himself became ation of Calendar No. 416, S. 2850. closed. I ask that following leader re- a prisoner to hate. Madiba set the ex- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The marks, the Senate proceed to executive ample of healing, forgiveness, and rec- clerk will report the bill by title. session and resume consideration of onciliation that ultimately allowed The legislative clerk read as follows: the Bounds nomination; further, that South Africa’s rainbow nation to A bill (S. 2850) to amend the White Moun- all time in recess, adjournment, morn- emerge from the ashes of brutal racial tain Apache Tribe Water Rights Quantifica- ing business, and leader remarks count oppression. tion Act of 2010 to clarify the use of amounts against postcloture time. His example is particularly timely in the WMAT Settlement Fund. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without and powerful in light of the polariza- There being no objection, the Senate objection, it is so ordered. tion, distrust, and division in our world and even in our own Nation today. His- proceeded to consider the bill. f Mr. ROUNDS. I ask unanimous con- tory reminds us, though, that this rec- sent that the Flake amendment at the ORDER FOR ADJOURNMENT onciliation, this openness, is not a new desk be agreed to, that the bill, as phenomenon. Mr. ROUNDS. Mr. President, if there Fifty-two years ago this summer, in amended, be considered read a third is no further business to come before June of 1966, then-U.S. Senator Robert time and passed, and that the motion the Senate, I ask unanimous consent F. Kennedy delivered a memorable to reconsider be considered made and that it stand adjourned under the pre- speech at the University of Cape Town laid upon the table. vious order, following the remarks of in South Africa. Speaking to a nation The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the Senator from Delaware. then deep in the throes of the cruel in- objection, it is so ordered. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without justices of apartheid, Senator Bobby The amendment (No. 3398) in the na- objection, it is so ordered. Kennedy began his speech by describ- ture of a substitute was agreed to, as Mr. ROUNDS. Mr. President, I sug- ing ‘‘a land in which the native inhab- follows: gest the absence of a quorum. itants were at first subdued, but rela- (Purpose: In the nature of a substitute) The PRESIDING OFFICER. The tions with whom remain a problem to Strike all after the enacting clause and in- clerk will call the roll. this day; a land which defined itself on sert the following: The bill clerk proceeded to call the a hostile frontier; a land which was SEC. lll. USE OF FUNDS IN WMAT SETTLE- roll. once the importer of slaves, and must MENT FUND FOR WMAT RURAL Mr. COONS. Mr. President, I ask WATER SYSTEM. now struggle to wipe out the last (a) AUTHORIZATION OF WMAT RURAL WATER unanimous consent that the order for traces of that former bondage.’’ Ken- SYSTEM.—Section 307(a) of the White Moun- the quorum call be rescinded. nedy then paused before famously con- tain Apache Tribe Water Rights Quantifica- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without cluding: ‘‘I refer, of course, to the tion Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–291; 124 Stat. objection, it is so ordered. United States of America.’’

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A18JY6.043 S18JYPT1 July 18, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5075 Then, as now, the differences between example of the challenges and the dif- ISTER, TO BE AN UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE (POLIT- ICAL AFFAIRS), VICE THOMAS A. SHANNON, JR., RE- the United States and South Africa are ficulties of reconciliation, of forgive- SIGNED. significant. Yet Americans and South ness, and of grace. KIP TOM, OF INDIANA, FOR THE RANK OF AMBASSADOR DURING HIS TENURE OF SERVICE AS U.S. REPRESENTA- Africans share more than we might We had remarkable experiences. We TIVE TO THE UNITED NATIONS AGENCIES FOR FOOD AND recognize or want to acknowledge. On met with Desmond Tutu, my former AGRICULTURE. DONALD Y. YAMAMOTO, OF WASHINGTON, A CAREER the positive side, we share remarkable supervisor at the Council of Churches MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF constitutions and inspiring decades ago, a winner of the Nobel CAREER MINISTER, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAOR- DINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES foundational documents in South Afri- Peace Prize and someone who helped OF AMERICA TO THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF SOMALIA. ca’s Freedom Charter and our own Dec- lead the peace and reconciliation proc- NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE laration of Independence, whose funda- ess in South Africa. We also heard from HUMANITIES mental principles are profound and in- today’s chancellor of the University of CHARLES WICKSER BANTA, OF NEW YORK, TO BE A spiring but whose lived experiences Cape Town, Nelson Mandela’s widow, MEMBER OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ON THE ARTS FOR A TERM EXPIRING SEPTEMBER 3, 2022, VICE MARIA have so far fallen short. We also share Graca Machel. ROSARIO JACKSON, TERM EXPIRED. a deep commitment to democracy, so- Our reflections were interrupted by MICHELLE ITCZAK, OF INDIANA, TO BE A MEMBER OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ON THE ARTS FOR A TERM EX- cieties grounded in the rule of law, a student protesters demanding a more PIRING SEPTEMBER 3, 2020, VICE IRVIN M. MAYFIELD, JR., vibrant and free press, and capable and just dispensation in today’s South Afri- TERM EXPIRED. BARBARA COLEEN LONG, OF MISSOURI, TO BE A MEM- independent judiciaries. We are also ca—a jarring reminder that even the BER OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ON THE ARTS FOR A multilingual, multifaith democracies, greatness of the remembrance of Bobby TERM EXPIRING SEPTEMBER 3, 2022, VICE DEEPA GUPTA, TERM EXPIRED. Federal republics that have incredible Kennedy and Nelson Mandela is not CARLETON VARNEY, OF MASSACHUSETTS, TO BE A human histories and deep and rich nat- enough to still the relentless yearning MEMBER OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ON THE ARTS FOR A TERM EXPIRING SEPTEMBER 3, 2022, VICE PAUL W. ural resources. Both South Africa and for more—more justice and more equal- HODES, TERM EXPIRED. the United States have demonstrated ity—by the youngest among us. COURT SERVICES AND OFFENDER SUPERVISION how important civic institutions are to I still today believe in Nelson AGENCY FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Mandela’s vision for the world—a world sustaining democracy and preserving RICHARD S. TISCHNER, OF VIRGINIA, TO BE DIRECTOR the progress of humanity. governed by justice and equality and OF THE COURT SERVICES AND OFFENDER SUPERVISION peace and cooperation for the common AGENCY FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA FOR A TERM Today, on what would have been Nel- OF SIX YEARS, VICE NANCY MARIA WARE, TERM EX- son Mandela’s 100th birthday, the good. But it is important to remember PIRED. United States is itself facing serious just how much we have to do together ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION challenges to the very institutions that as a global community to hear each DONALD L. PALMER, OF FLORIDA, TO BE A MEMBER OF underpin and preserve our hard-won de- other, forgive each other, and get THE ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION FOR A TERM EXPIRING DECEMBER 12, 2021, VICE MATTHEW VINCENT mocracy. As we weather these chal- there. MASTERSON, RESIGNED. Nelson Mandela once famously said: lenges together as a nation, let us find IN THE AIR FORCE inspiration in Mandela’s life and leg- ‘‘I am not a saint, unless you think of THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT acy. Let us remember that on his long a saint as a sinner who just keeps try- IN THE RESERVE OF THE AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- walk to freedom, Nelson Mandela ing.’’ So today let us remember Nelson CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION taught the need to study not only Mandela’s relentless trying, his his- 601: those with whom we agree but also toric contribution to South Africa and To be general the world, and the example of his those with whom we disagree and to be LT. GEN. MARYANNE MILLER willing to compromise and find com- struggle to promote human rights and THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT mon ground. justice for all. Madiba’s service is an IN THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDI- CATED WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE In Madiba’s words: enduring reminder of what it means to AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION It is easy to break down and destroy. The place the good of a nation’s people 601: real heroes are those who make peace and above one’s own narrow self-interests— To be lieutenant general build. a lesson from which we can all benefit. MAJ. GEN. MICHAEL T. PLEHN In the years to come, it is my hope I am pleased to celebrate the 100th THE FOLLOWING NAMED INDIVIDUALS FOR APPOINT- that the United States and South Afri- anniversary of the birth of a giant of MENT TO THE GRADES INDICATED IN THE REGULAR AIR history and to honor Nelson Mandela’s FORCE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 531: ca will look to each other as both na- To be lieutenant colonel tions continue to struggle against the lifetime of extraordinary service with a bipartisan resolution submitted today. ILDA Y. ISAZA legacy of racial injustice, reverse our MATTHEW J. KING Today, let us rededicate ourselves to growing economic inequality, and pro- To be major tect our evolving experiments in de- his vision for our world and together work tirelessly to make it a reality. YOBANKA E. PAEZ–MUNOZ mocracy. THE FOLLOWING NAMED INDIVIDUAL FOR APPOINT- Nelson Mandela ventured to shape I yield the floor. MENT TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE REGULAR AIR the world as it should be. He showed us f FORCE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 531: To be major that values such as forgiveness, re- ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 10 A.M. spect, and tolerance are not just words TOMORROW SAMANTHA S. RIEGER–PINSON but concrete actions we can all take. IN THE ARMY The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under I am inspired by Madiba’s example to THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT keep fighting for a better, more just the previous order, the Senate stands TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY world here in the U.S. Senate, as I was adjourned until 10 a.m. tomorrow. UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: first inspired in the fall of 1986 when I Thereupon, the Senate, at 6:24 p.m., To be colonel traveled to South Africa to volunteer adjourned until Thursday, July 19, 2018, KENNETH F. KLOCK at 10 a.m. THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT for the South African Council of TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY Churches during the anti-apartheid f UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: struggle. NOMINATIONS To be colonel Just 2 years ago, I had a chance as a Executive nominations received by BRANDON C. KLINK now Senator to revisit Johannesburg the Senate: THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT and Cape Town with a delegation that TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY included Senator Kennedy’s daughter, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: Kerry Kennedy, and a whole host of the SCOTT HUTCHINS, OF INDIANA, TO BE UNDER SEC- To be colonel RETARY OF AGRICULTURE FOR RESEARCH, EDUCATION, BURTON C. GLOVER Kennedy clan. Our own Congressman AND ECONOMICS, VICE CATHERINE E. WOTEKI. THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT JOHN LEWIS, a leader in America’s civil DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: rights struggle; my friend and col- LANE GENATOWSKI, OF NEW YORK, TO BE DIRECTOR OF league Congressman STENY HOYER; and THE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY–ENERGY, To be major DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, VICE ELLEN DUDLEY WIL- two survivors of the racially motivated LIAMS. MANUEL REYES, JR. shooting in a church in downtown DEPARTMENT OF STATE THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT Charleston, Polly Sheppard and Felicia TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY DAVID HALE, OF NEW JERSEY, A CAREER MEMBER OF MEDICAL CORPS UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTIONS 624 Sanders, were there to serve as a living THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF CAREER MIN- AND 3064:

VerDate Sep 11 2014 05:58 Jul 19, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 E:\CR\FM\G18JY6.063 S18JYPT1 S5076 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE July 18, 2018 To be major BRYON W. FETTY PAUL J. KUBIAK PAUL W. GROTELUSCHEN GREGORY LACY EMMANUEL D. EISENSTEIN MICHAEL L. LAZO RALPH E. LAYMAN III THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT GEOFFREY B. LINCOLN JACK C. LEONG TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES ARMY ERIC J. MARTINSON TRACY S. LOPER UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: ANTHONY P. MCGINTHY STEVEN A. LORBER RANDALL J. MYSZKA WILLIAM E. NORTHINGTON To be major PAUL R. PETERSON PHILIP R. PALMER LAURA J. STEPHENS KRISHNA PATEL MARSHALL L. BARTEE MONTY K. TORRES JOHN C. PAUMIER THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR REGULAR AP- CARMEN M. TUCKER DIANA RIERA POINTMENT IN THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED MICHAEL J. ROACH THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT STATES ARMY MEDICAL CORPS UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., BRENDA ROSARIOPADRON TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE SECTIONS 531 AND 3064: LOREN P. SIMPSON ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: To be lieutenant colonel WILLIAM R. SMITH To be colonel ADA D. STEWART DONALD C. CARMICHAEL CHARLES A. STILLMAN DONNA M. KENTLEY THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT GARY STOLOVITZ AARON C. KYER STEVEN G. SUGDEN TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE GARY W. LOUDEN ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: KENNETH L. WILSON STEPHEN P. MCKENZIE KEVIN M. WOODS To be colonel HEIDI R. MUNRO JOHN H. WU ROY C. OUANO ETHAN P. CARTER MICHAEL S. ROSCOE IN THE NAVY GREGORY L. CLARK DAVID J. SKELLEY, JR. LASHONDA D. COLESWIGGINS THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT JOHN C. DAVIS TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY BRYAN J. GREEN TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: GEORGE F. HENRY, JR. To be commander ROBERT E. H. JOHNSON To be colonel THOMAS R. KIRBY KORY A. ANGLESEY PETER P. MACK KIMBERLY D. DEJESUS CHRISTOPHER S. CASNE TEALLA H. MARTIN THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT JOSEPH W. CHARLES AARON B. NEAL TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE MARK J. CHRISTENSEN WILLIAM S. ROBBINS ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: BRAD G. COLEMAN NEIL T. ROEDER LUKE A. COWLEY MICHAEL A. SEISE To be colonel ARCE D. DOBLE, JR. NEIL E. THOWE ROYAL M. MINOR III JOSEPH A. DUNAWAY GREGORY J. VENVERTLOH CRAIG E. PARSONS MARCEL T. DUPLANTIER DAVID L. WASHINGTON BENITO E. RODRIGUEZ NATHANIEL L. HERRON SAMUEL R. WETHERILL IV ANDREW B. HUNT THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT STERLING P. INGRAM IV TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE MICAH J. KILETICO ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: ERIC L. MARTENS To be colonel JEROD D. MCCULLY To be colonel TATE L. METLEN PATRICIA J. RASMUSSEN EDWARD L. BARRON, JR. GARETH A. MONTGOMERY AMY L. SANDERS BENJAMIN A. BLACKBURN III ROBERT L. OLSON TRACY H. SCHMITT SEAN P. CONNOLLY JOSHUA M. PERRY RONALD M. SOUTHERLAND FRANKLIN R. FLORENCE ROBERT S. RAMSEY DICKIE J. VEST, JR. GABRIEL A. ISIOYE BRENT D. RICHARDSON KENT J. VINCE ALVARO MAYA DAWN C. ROE MICHAEL B. MOREHEAD BRIAN B. SCHONEFELD THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT MICHELE M. RICH KENNETH D. SOWELL TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE JAMES T. STEWART ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE FRANCIS J. TAY, JR. To be colonel ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: BRENT J. UYEHARA BENJAMIN C. WAITE JEREMY W. BERNDT To be colonel MONICA MARTINEZ THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT AMY M. RAMER LORI J. ALLERT TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY RICHARD T. ALSDORF, JR. UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT CATHY BALZANO TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE To be commander ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: DANA F. BARRETTCAMPBELL SMITH V. L. BASE DAVID W. ALEXANDER To be colonel EILEEN C. BROWN JOHN D. AULT JAMES M. COMPLIMENT GREGORY A. CATES SCOTT M. EVERHART DARRIN B. DAILEY VICTORIA A. CHAPPELL VERNON G. LANCE JOAN R. DAVIS JOHN D. CONNOLLY MARK A. MILLER TIMOTHY B. DAVIS SAMUEL CONTRERAS ALBERT SOHNEN CATHERINE F. DEVITO CRISTIANO S. DESOUSA THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR REGULAR AP- PAUL E. ESACHINA PETER W. DIETZ POINTMENT IN THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED ALECIA A. HARRISON GARY W. FOSHEE STATES ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 531: CHRISTOPHER W. HONEA DOUGLAS A. GRACE To be major FAITH L. JUNGHAHN ERIC P. HAMMEN DEBRA L. KRISAK SONG S. HWANG WILLIAM PEREZ MICHELLE D. LAFLEUR DAVID J. JELTEMA THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT TONI A. LOFTUS CHARLES W. JOHNSON TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE DENNIS C. LOURA RONALD J. KENNEDY ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: ARLENE LUCKY DAVID D. J. KIM KAREN L. MCGUIRE RICHARD S. LEE To be colonel JAY H. MOTOKAWA RUSSELL D. MARTIN MAEVELYN A. ODONNELL AARON T. MILLER ROBYN D. BOLGLA CLAUDIA A. PETERSON SUNNY MITCHELL JAMES J. BOR JOHN M. PROVENZANO ROBERT S. NELSON KATHLEEN D. KAPPEL ROBERT R. RAMONAS THOMAS P. OFLANAGAN NICOLE T. KEENEY DAVID C. REED ROBERT W. PETERS KEVIN M. LOVE RODNEY L. SANDERS RANDAL K. POTTER RHONDA D. WYNDER SONIA A. M. TENADU CARL P. RHOADS THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT LARA K. TERAN AARON D. ROBERTON TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT RICHARD C. SMOTHERS ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE COREY T. THORNTON To be colonel ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: JOHN C. VANDYKE BRUCE A. VAUGHAN MICHAEL C. AMPELAS To be colonel RICHARD H. WIESE JAMES F. BRINKMAN HAROLD B. WOODRUFF CARL W. ADAMS MELISSA A. BUSOVSKYMCNEAL SANDEEP K. AGGARWAL THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT JULIO A. CHALELA MICHAEL O. BARRON, JR. TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY JANE E. GROSS IAN H. BLACK UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: CHARLES T. HUDDLESTON TIEN D. BUI KERMIT D. HUEBNER To be commander BRUCE T. BURKS GREGORY M. JOHNSTON WILLIAM T. BURNETT JONATHAN D. ALBANO JUSTIN L. KNOWLES MICHAEL R. COOK VINCENT M. J. AMBROSINO TIMOTHY O. PFEIFFER PAUL J. CORCORAN KARLIE M. BLAKE JORDAN E. PINSKER DOUGLAS J. CREEDON CLINTON S. BRYANT STEPHEN R. TRAVIS MARC P. DIFAZIO JASON D. CALANDRUCCIO TIMOTHY G. VEDDER BRENDAN T. DOHERTY WILLIAM. I. COFFEEN IV WILLIAM A. WALTERS III CHARLES H. DUKES BRIAN D. COLBURN DANIEL R. WILLIAMS TIMUR S. DURRANI SUQUON D. COMBS KAREN C. WRIGHT PARHAM K. GHAVAMI ERIC J. COOMES KURT G. ZIMMER ELLINA HALL DIANA I. DALPHONSE THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT HANY E. HANNA AUTUMN L. DANIEL TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE RESERVE OF THE JOSHUA P. HERZOG EUGENE DAWSON, JR. ARMY UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 12203: LYNN C. HUFFMAN ERIK A. DECKER To be colonel MALENE INGRAM DUNCAN R. ELLIS DIANE K. JONES KRYSTEN J. ELLIS MICHAEL S. ALLAIN JONATHAN KITCHIN KIRK A. ENGLER

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KENNETH E. FINDLEY MICHAEL W. BLOOMROSE FREDERICK J. RUMFORD IV MONICA M. FREY DAVID A. CHRISTENSON ANGELA C. SESSA MAXINE J. J. GARDNER SARAH J. COTTRILL ANDREW D. SILVESTRI JASON P. HARPER JUSTIN C. HENDERSON DEREK D. SODEN WILLIAM B. HUNT WILLIAM A. HOLT SARA A. STIRES SCOTT T. HUTTLESTON MICHAEL J. HUSSEY CLARENCE S. TANG JASON V. ILETO JOCELYN E. LOFTUSWILLIAMS STEPHEN M. WADE IAN G. ILIFF JOSHUA R. LORENZ LESLIE H. WALLACE BRENNAN J. KEMPER JOHN A. V. LOVASTIK MARY N. WILLIAMSTREESH MICHAEL A. KIDD DAVID A. MELSON DONAVON A. YAPSHING GENE M. LATTUS, JR. MICHAEL G. MONTAGUE CHRISTOPHER L. YOUNG SCOTT A. LONG CAMERON R. NELSON THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT BENJAMIN I. MAY PETER R. OSTROM TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY DONALD M. MCINTYRE JENNIFER L. POLLIO UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: JAMIE L. MITCHELL JESSICA L. PYLE MICHAEL J. MULLERHEIM TRACY L. REYNOLDS To be commander BENJAMIN S. NICHOLS KATHERINE E. SHOVLIN LISA L. ABELS CHRISTOPHER F. OCONNOR RACHEL E. TREST KEITH A. ALFIERI THURMAN B. PHILLIPS ALLISON E. WARD LEE R. ALLEN DOUGLAS M. QUINN MEREDITH S. WERNER ALEX T. ALLWEIN CHRISTOPHER C. RADKE LENA E. WHITEHEAD GEORGE C. BALAZS MICHELLE A. SIMMONS ADAM B. YOST RUSSELL P. BALMER JARROD H. SMITH THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT TAYLOR A. BANKS DONNA L. SMOAK TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY JEREMY P. BARAN ALBERT T. SONON IV UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: NADINE S. BARKSDALE JARED J. SWEETSER ANTHONY M. BIELAWSKI JOHN TAMEZ To be commander VERONICA E. BIGORNIA ROBIN L. TAYLOR LYNDA S. AMELL KEISHA N. BLAIR ANDREW J. TEW BENJAMIN R. BLEVINS BLAKE A. WHITTLE CHRISTOPHER E. BARNES ALLISON L. BENNETT ERIN M. BLEVINS RAYMOND C. YAU DENISE BOGGSWILKERSON JAMES P. ZAKAR WILLIAM O. BENNETT EDWARD BRINSTON TAMARA BRAINARD THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT HYRUM T. BROSSARD JACK R. BRANDAU TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY ALAN D. CHRONISTER ANDREW M. BRANHAM UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: KATHLEEN A. COLTER ERIK D. BRINK To be commander RODERICK DAVIS, JR. STEPHEN M. BRONAUGH CHRISTOPHER S. DEANGELIS HELEN L. CANN JANE J. ABANES KYLE D. DOHM SHANNON M. CAPP EDUARDO F. BARNET KORRINA R. DONALD BRETT M. CHAMBERLIN JAMES R. BIRKLA NICOLE J. DUTTON DARREN CHERRY COLLEEN C. BLOSSER ASHLEE C. ESPIRITU GREGORY T. CHESNUT CONNIE J. BRAYBROOK JOSEPH J. FORD, JR. ROBERT D. CHIARUTTINI BRIAN K. BURDICK REINA GOMEZ EVA CHOU PATRICIA D. BUTLER DANIEL L. IMMEKER JAMES C. CLIFFORD RHONDA H. CANTU ELMER L. JIMENEZ MARY J. CLINGAN MARCELO A. CENTAURE JAMES M. KEENER WILLIAM K. CONLEY II MOLLY A. COOK KIMBERLY L. LITTEL JONATHON COOKE MICHAEL J. CORNELL NICHOLAS J. MARTIN JAMES S. CORTES ROBERT F. CUENTO FELECIA E. MCCLELLAN MARK P. COSEO TERESA C. DENT KINAU Y. MCCOY TIFFANY C. COX RONALD G. DEWEES WILFREDO MORALES HAMPTON A. CRIMM ELIZABETH M. DRAKE MARKEECE L. MURRIEL RAYMOND J. CUDNIK III CAROLYN H. ELLISON JAMES M. NOGLE MICHAEL E. CUNNINGHAM JAMES L. ESTOESTA KIMBERLY A. OELSCHLAGER FRANCIS P. CUOZZO EBONY J. FERGUSON AYODELE O. OLABISI NATHAN S. CUTLER SUZANNE N. FIERROS EMILY A. OWENS BENNETT L. DAVIS KAREN A. FLANAGAN CINDI L. PALACIOS AMBER N. DECHAMBEAU CANDACE R. FOURA MICHAEL G. PROUTY ANGELA M. DICARLOMEACHAM ABDON F. GALERA MATHEW B. RARIDEN TIMOTHY J. DONAHUE DANILO A. GARCIADUENAS JENIFER M. SCANCELLA MICHAEL L. DOXEY SARAH E. GENTRY MARK P. SIMONS ERYN J. H. DUTTA JASON A. GOFF DAVID J. SOHL CHARLES S. EISENBERG JASON M. GUZMAN LISSETH C. THOMAS JEREMY S. ENNIS PENELOPE J. HEIGES JESUS S. THOMPSON WILLIAM L. FALLS ANDREA M. HERNANDEZ AYESSA B. TOLER JAMIE L. FITCH ELISABETH B. HOLMES TYLER J. TOWERS DEREK L. FOERSCHLER JOHN A. HOYOS JEREMY H. WESTCOTT BRIAN C. FOLEY DAVY J. JENKINS BRANDON J. WILLIAMS CHRISTOPHER W. FOSTER JOANNA T. JOHNSON CHADWICK Y. YASUDA JANELLE A. FOX AMY J. FRANKSTON MARIA KENNEDY THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT ROBERT J. KIMBERLING KYLE D. GADBOIS TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY MICAH J. GASPARY HEATHER L. KIRK UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: TRACY R. KRAUSS ANTHONY A. GIBERMAN DUANE J. LAMPERT To be commander DAVID M. GLASSMAN LYLA E. LAW SARAH L. GRANGER DERRICK LEBEAU LALEH ABDOLAZADEH ROLF E. GRANING JONATHAN D. LEVENSON WILLIAM P. BOGGESS MICHAEL S. GREEN, JR. JACQUELINE LOPEZ MARTIN J. BRAUD JUSTIN A. HARDER KATHLEEN M. MACAPAGAL JASON N. BURKES TRAVIS E. HARRELL SCOTT M. MACDONALD KATHERINE L. CHENG GREGORY S. HENDERSON JENNIFER J. MAGUIRE LORA L. CHOW ANTONIA J. HENRY SCOTT A. MCGILL JEFFREY L. CULBREATH MATTHEW F. HOEFLER MATTHEW P. MCMAHON CORINNE C. DEVIN MATTHEW A. HUMPHREYS JOSE A. MERCADO DAVID M. DOW II ANDREW P. HURVITZ REGINALD MIDDLEBROOKS DANIKA J. DOWNEY DINCHEN A. JARDINE JEFFREY A. MILES COLIN A. ELIOT SHANE D. JENSEN CHAD B. MOORE BENJAMIN D. FITZHARRIS PAUL D. JOHENK THERESA D. MORRIS REBECCA A. FRAZER KEVIN D. JOHNSON SARA L. NACZAS JARED A. GELLER LUCAS A. JOHNSON PETER I. NYILAS EDUARDO GOMEZ MARK S. JOHNSON TED U. PAGULAYAN JESUS M. GONZALEZ REBECCA L. JOHNSON STEPHANIE M. PAONE MICHAEL J. GRAU, JR. JAIME H. KAPUR KENDRA L. PENNINGTON FRED J. HARPER III MATTHEW W. KELLER TRAVIS J. PETERSON SCOTT A. HOCKER JEAN D. KEMP MARGARET M. REYNOLDS JACQUELINE A. M. HOGAN BENJAY J. KEMPNER MATTHEW V. REZA DANIEL J. HONL SHELLIE M. KENDALL SHANNAN C. ROTRUCK JAIME L. JAMES BRIAN M. KEUSKI AMANDA E. SCHAFFELD BROCK J. JOHNSON TIM I. KIM REBECCA A. SCHROEDER BENJAMIN J. LAGO JOANNA R. KRAUSE KATIE E. SCHULZ DARIEN G. LAZARO ANDREW C. KUNG MARC A. SILFIES ANDREA D. LISELL LAURA M. LAUER JAMIE M. SORENSON BRADLEY D. MARTINSEN MICHAEL R. LEADER ANDREAS STILLER GEOFFREY L. MCMURRAY SCOTT LIU DAMIAN M. STORZ PATRICK T. MORRELL JOHN M. LYDON RANDY L. TOLBERT HOAN B. NGHIEM MICHELLE M. LYNCH KELLY A. TROUT MARK A. NOCERA JOHN S. MADDOX MICHELLE L. WESTCOTT JAMES M. OBRIEN FRANKLIN C. MARGARON ANDREW C. PARK APRIL S. MATIASEK THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT CHRISTOPHER D. PARKS PAUL D. METZGER TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY MICHAEL L. PAYNE MATTHEW M. MICHALOWICZ UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: LEONEL PEREZ, JR. JESSICA M. MILLER To be commander DAVID M. RASMUSSEN JONATHAN P. MILLER BENJAMIN L. RICKS RUSSELL J. MILLER MATTHEW S. BAILEY GREGORY E. RINGLER JOSHUA W. MINYARD JOHN J. BATTISTI JUSTIN L. ROGERS DAVID A. MOORE DENIZ M. BAYKAN JAMES M. ROSS ERIN K. MOORE

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LUCAS A. MUELLER JIMMY SUVATNE SADOR IN RECOGNITION OF ESPECIALLY DISTINGUISHED MEREDITH R. NEAL ERIC R. TERPSTRA SERVICE OVER A SUSTAINED PERIOD: NIELS H. OLSON ANDREW J. TOMPKINS PHILIP S. GOLDBERG, OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA MONICA D. ORMENO ADELAINE D. TRASK DAVID M. HALE, OF NEW JERSEY YAN T. ORTIZPOMALES SCOTT A. TRASK MICHELE JEANNE SISON, OF MARYLAND ANDREW M. PARSONS EDWARD R. UTZ DANIEL BENNETT SMITH, OF VIRGINIA MICHAEL B. PAUL JAIME VEGA AARON J. PHARISS ANGELA G. VIERS f KEVIN A. PINKOS DAVID M. VOLK BRYAN J. PLATT WILLIAM R. VOLK KRISTINA M. POLK ROBERT B. WALTON CONFIRMATIONS AARON T. POOLE ALICIA L. WARNOCK LAUREN A. WEBER AARON D. REED Executive nominations confirmed by NICHOLAS J. WELLS JASON P. RICE DENNIS A. WHITE the Senate July 18, 2018: SHANNON L. RIGLER COLIN R. YOUNG VICTOR A. RIVERA THE JUDICIARY JERRY YUAN DARIN M. ROLFE ANDREW S. OLDHAM, OF TEXAS, TO BE UNITED STATES CRYSTAL A. RUSSELL THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT CIRCUIT JUDGE FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT. LEAH S. SAG TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES NAVY JULIA A. SAVITZ UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: IN THE COAST GUARD CAROLINE M. SCHLOCKER To be commander MICHAEL S. SCULLY THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT PETER G. SEGUIN JAVIER LOPEZMARTINEZ IN THE UNITED STATES COAST GUARD RESERVE TO THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION HEATHER L. SHIBLEY FOREIGN SERVICE ADAM C. SISCHY 12203(A): CHRISTOPHER S. SMITH THE FOLLOWING–NAMED CAREER MEMBERS OF THE To be rear admiral CHRISTOPHER A. STETLER SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ALAN A. STRAWN STATE FOR THE PERSONAL RANK OF CAREER AMBAS- REAR ADM. (LH) ANDREW S. MCKINLEY

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