JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY CIRCULARS

Pub/is/ied witA t/~e approbation of tAe Board of Trustees

VoL. VIJ.—No. 64.] BALTIMORE, MARCH, 1888. [PRICE, 10 CENTS.

SCIENTIFIC NOTES.

On the Assyrian Writing. By PAUL HAUPT. syllables containing this sibilant. The number of syllabic signs employed for the phonetic rendering of Assyrian amounts to about 250, yet we meet [Abstract of a paper read before the University Philological Association, January 20, more than twice as many configurations in the cuneiform texts, since for 1888. This paper will appear in a fuller form In the April number ofHebraice, 1558, Yol. IV, No.3.] some frequently recurring ideas the old ideograpldc manner of writing was preserved down to the latest period. The cuneiform script was not invented The script in which the Assyrian texts are written is called cuneiform by the Assyrians but by the non-Semitic aborigines of Babylonia, the Ham- or wedge-writing because of its constituent elements: the horizontal, ver- ito-Cushite tribe of the Samero-Akkadians from whom the Assyrians adopted tical and oblique wedge. Like the other species of cuneiform writing the the writing along with numerous religious ideas and Cultur institutions. Assyrian runs from left to right. Jn the earliest period, however, the Lagarde thinks it not impossible that there existed prehistoric relations inscriptions were not written in horizontal columns, but from the top down- between theAkkadians and the Chinese. Some of the cuneiform characters ward, beginning at the right and thence proceeding towards the left in bear a striking resemblance to the oldest Phoenician forms of the Semitic parallel vertical columns. The wedge was not a characteristic of this alphabet whence all our modern alphabets were derived. It seems quite species of writing atfirst, but developed in the course of time out of a simple probable that the Phoenician alphabet is not based on the Egyptian hiero- line. The wedge seems to be but the regular development of the incision glyphics as is commonly asserted, but on the Mesopotamian wedge-writing. of the chisel on the stone, or the impression of the stylus on the soft wet It is well known that Pliny, vii, 192, says: “Litteras semper arbitror Assyrija clay which was used in Mesopotamia for writing purposes. It is generally fuisse, sed alii apud Aegyptios a Mercurio, ut Gellius, alii apud Syros repertas supposed that the Assyrian scribes used bronze styles with a sharp three- volunt.” edged end, but no such instrument has been found. It has, therefore, been suggested that when a cuneiform scribe wished to write, he simply took a piece of straight-grained wood, split it to a convenient size and smoothed it Abstract of the Report on Taxation in Maryland. to his liking. Indeed on certain tablets we can often see quite plainly little By RICHARD T. ELY, Member of the Maryland Tax Commission. lines crossing the more slanting part of the wedge, and the only opinion that can be formed is that these lines are the impression of the grain of the The fundamental idea in the present system of taxation in Maryland is wood. that everybody should contribute to the support of the government in Cuneiform script was originally a linear picture-writing. These pic- proportion to capacity, and tha.t capacity is determined by one uniform tures, however, were gradually obscured beyond recognition. In the Neo- tax on the assessed value of all property, of every description whatsoever. Assyrian tablets we can hardly discern a trace of the hieroglyphic origin. This system, doubtless in vogue in nearly every civilized nation at one time On the extant monuments we meet the script in two principal styles, viz., or another, has been abandoned in all countries save the United States, and the Assyrian and the Babylonian. Both species are again sub-divided into even here there is a growing dissatisfaction with it and a constant inquiry Old Assyrian and Neo-Assyrian on the one hand, and Old Babylonian and for better financial methods. Neo-Babylonian on the other. The Old Babylonian characters stand closest When this system was introduced, the wealth of the country consisted to the original hieroglyphic forms; yet they are by no means found exclu- almost exclusively of real property, and of such personal property as would sively in the oldest texts, but occur as an ornamental style on the latest come under the head of visible, tangible chattels. Landed property, on inscriptions as well, for the same reason that makes us occasionally adopt account of its comparatively small value and uniformity could be classified the old black-letter type. Hence it follows that the writing of an Assyro- easily, and each class assessed at one uniform rate. But as the classes of Babylonian cuneiform tablet furnishes no sure criterion for determining wealth have become more numerous, and the differences in the value of the date of the text. Neo-Assyrian cuneiform writing is but a simplified, articles in the same class more important, there has arisen a demand for more cursive form of Old Assyrian; and Neo-Babylonian bears the same a system of taxation which will adjust the burdens more accurately and relation to Old Babylonian. Old Babylonian and Old Assyrian, however, fairly. The fact that a vast amount of easily concealed property, such as are independent developments of the primitive linear picture writing. bonds, stocks, etc., escapes assessment is an added cause of dissatisfaction. Cuneiform script is not alphabetic but syllabic, i. e., there are no signs for The endeavors to improve upon actual methods have been frequent, but the consonant s, e. g., but merely configurations of wedges which express they usually prove fruitless or render a bad matter worse. The truth is, 42 JOHNS HOPKINS [No. 64. the existing system is so radically bad that the more you improve it, the Nature seems to have made provision for the growing municipal expendi- worse it becomes. Stated in a word the trouble with our present system is tures in those pursuits which may be classed as natural monopolies. Per- this: it is found in practice to be an impracticable theory, for a large por- manent competition between natural monopolies cannot be secured. It is tion of property escapes taxation; and that the property. of those best able best, therefore to recognize this fact and act upon it. I recommend that the to bear the burdens of government. Personal property is sometimes dis- Legislature hereafter refuse to grant a charter to any private corporation, covered in its entirety, but it is then nearly always the property of the to supply any municipal corporation in the State with gas, or water, or elec- comparatively helpless. tric light, but that such undertakings shall always be public; further, that That such a system does not work well the experience of Ohio, Georgia, municipalities be encouraged to purchase existing private gas works when Wisconsin, West Virginia, New York, New Hampshire, Connecticut and favorable opportunity to do so occurs. Maryland testifies. Where public sentiment will not warrant prohibition, I recommend that Turning from actual experience we ask whether there are any reasons in the number of places where liquor may be sold be limited; that the muni- the nature of things which make experience what it is. It is not sufficient cipalities and counties be divided into liquor districts accordingly, and that to show that a certain tbing has not been done, it is necessary to show that the right to sell liquor in each be sold to the highest bidder under heavy it cannot in all probability be done. penalties for violation of the various laws relating to the sale of liquor. It should first be remembered that any single American commonwealth In municipalities I would prefer quarterly payments of taxes, to assimi- is not an industrial unit, but simply a part of a larger whole. It will thus late direct to indirect taxation as nearly a.spossible in point ofconvenience. be seen that the normal returns ort what is known ascapital of a high degree I would recommend that mortgages, promissory notes, book accounts, of mobility are determined by general conditions in the United States, and simple contract debts, and other private securities be not taxed. Those over these we as a State have little control. If our tax laws operate to kinds of personal property which usually escape, and which are paid for depress the returns on floating capital far below what we may regard as the the most part only by the unfortunate and extremely conscientious, I would normal level, a considerable portion of our capital will leave us to our own exempt altogether. For not only would the conscientious and the helpless detriment. An exemption, on the other hand, of this sort of capital makes be relieved of the present injustice done them, but the gain from legal the flow of capital to us easier, and the benefits are diffused throughout the exemption would be great, far outweighing the loss, the returns of this sort community, but such diffusion is general only when the practical exemption of property being very small. is legal. It is a just grievance that many who can amply afford to bear a part of It must benoticed also that it is almost impossible to avoid the use of non- the burdens of government do not participate in them, while they do derive taxable Federal bonds, over which the States have no control, for purposes inestimable benefits from the existence of government. There is one way, of evading taxation. and only one, to remedy that evil, and that is, by an income tax. It is Again our system carries with it temptations which to ordinary men are almost universally admitted that no tax is so just, provided it can be irresistible, and therefore needlessly demoralizing. Temptation to lawless- assessed fairly and collected without difficulty. It places a heavy burden ness should be reduced to its lowest terms. In this respect then our present when and where there is strength to bear it, and lightens the load in case system must be rejected as not answering the requirements of practical morality. of temporary or permanent weakness. It reaches a certain class whose wealth is protected from taxation at present by various devices. It reaches One who would frame a rational system of taxation will endeavor to find the professional and salaried classes whose personal wealth—the result of taxes which cannot well be dodged and will avoid a tax, like our tax on personal property, which is regressive, increasing the relative burden as cultivated powers—is now untaxed. It is no more inquisitorial than other taxes, it is more easily assessed fairly. A chief objection to it is that it strength to bear it decreases. We want taxes which have stood the test of accomplishes precisely what it is intended to accomplish. I would therefore experience and which are in accord with the spirit of the times. Equality recommend a tax on all incomes in excess of $600 for State purposes, but of sacrifice is the aim which we ought to keep before us in the construction only on the excess. of a system of taxation. In addition to the four classical canons of taxation, I recommend that all direct inheritances exceeding $12,000 be taxed on I would lay down as another fundamental principle, that as few things as the excess over said sum at the uniform rate of one per cent., and that the possible should be taxed, and that in the selection of objects for taxation proceeds of said tax be turned over to the lilcal political units, to the relief great care should be taken to reduce interference with business and profes- of real estate. sional pursuits to a minimum. Business should as a rule be left as free in its movements as possible. I The basis of every system of taxation must be the taxation of real estate recommend that a tax of ten per cent. be laid on the annual rental value of and that for several obvious reasons. The taxation of land has become part all stores, offices, manufacturing establishments, and other places of busi- and parcel of the legal and economic traditions of all modern nations, and ness, and that merchandise, plant and furniture of these places be exempt we have adjusted ourselves to this fact. It partakes of the nature of a charge from all other taxation, four-fifths of the tax to go to the municipalities on land and to this extent it may be said to amount to a partial public own- ership. Real estate is so considerable a portion of all property that it is and counties, and one-fifth to the State. Wholesale liquor dealers should be taxed $1,000 license and twenty per cent. on the rental value of their out of the question to think of framing a system without making the land places of business. tax the basis of it all. Land is visible, easily valued, and permanent in its I recommend to the special consideration of the Legislature, savings location. It derives an increased value from public security and public banks, which ought to be fostered in every proper way. I would also urge works, and taxes are expended chiefly for these two purposes. Finally the tax may be considered as a return to the commonwealth tbr the rights which that more stringent safeguards be exacted of their directors. I am obliged to withhold my assent from the recommendation of my it has surrendered in what was once common property. All assessors should be by law especially directed to assess to the last colleagues in the Tax Commission looking to the taxation of the incor- porated property of schools, colleges and universities. Nothing yields so dollar of its true value all real estate held for speculative purposes. Taxa- large a return to the taxpayer as this exemption. if the State of Maryland tion should be so administered as not to lie a penalty for improvement, and herself had provided her youth with a complete system of schools like a discouragement to the enterprising. Michigan, beginning with the common schools, and by suitable gradation The second feature of my scheme of taxation is the exemption of real extending up to the magnificent University of Michigan, it might perhaps estate from all State taxes, because, in the first place, it cannot be assessed be proper, like California, to tax private institutions, but that would cost by a single board of assessors, for the area is too vast. Its assessment must Maryland at least $500,000 per annum, and this sum is now saved to the be committed to local authorities, in which case rivalry in undervaluation people of the State. Until the State of Maryland resolves to provide her sooner or later breaks out and the stru 0gle results in inequality and injus- own youth with complete instruction in public institutions, it is poor policy tice. A State Board of Equalization is a favorite device used in attempting to tax those who attempt to supply this deficiency, and thereby confer an to remedy this evil, but at best it is but a bungling affair and never satis- inestimable benefit upon the commonwealth. factory. A second reason for the separation of the sources of State and local The university, which by the munificence of Johns Hopkins was estab- revenues is that the expenses of the local political units are increasing more lished in Baltimore, more nearly corresponds to the ideas of Washington rapidly than the expenses of central State governments. and Jefferson than any other in the United States. It brings together 43 MARCH, 1888.] UNIVERSITY 011WULA113.

American youth from every section and unites them in feelings of a cautious estimate of the position of the parent Arcadian and of the inter- common patriotism. No other institution has done so much to keep our relations of the dialects at that period to which Arcado-Cyprian monuments youth in their own country for the highest education, and to prevent that alone can transport us. A statement of some of the results obtained is as estrangement from their native land, so lamented by Jefferson in his day. follows: The highest instruction is never remunerative in the narrow sense of that The resistance of A-C to external influence was effected, to no inconsider- word, though it in the end pays as nothing else does. The fees from the able extent, upon the lines of a syntactical usage which must have met with determined hostility from the leveling forces of the Kou% (e.g. ~os with the students of the Johns Hopkins University have not covered in the past 5 with the dative). genitive, inn one-tenth of its expenses. To tax this institution would cripple its useful- There is no single striking dialect feature possessed in common by A-C, ness, for it lends a hand to young men of promise many of whom could not Aeolic in the proper sense (the dialect of Lesbos and of the adjacent main- go forward without such help. land) Thessalian, Boeotian, and Elean. The pronunciation of u as it, even I recommend that that provision of the constitution which forbids all if shared in by all these dialects alike (which is by no means certain) would participation of the State treasury in internal improvements he submitted be nothing more than the retention of the Indo-European pronunciation of to the people for repeal, and that in place thereof it be provided that it, a pronunciation which obtained also in Sparta.. Acolic, Thessalian and internal improvements be undertaken only after an Act of the Legislature Boeotian agree with A-C in having ep for ap or pa, but not in the same word; authorizing them, he approved by the people by a majority vote. Without and this strong form is not the undisputed possession of dialects with Acolic borrowing powers and a larger degree of liberty in general the people of sympathies. In fact whenever we start with a dialect peculiarity that might the State can never resist successfully vast corporations. This has special seem to serve as a criterion of unity, the line of connection is broken. Thus reference to the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. if we start with &,r,i or K4, Boeotian and Elean aie the offending dialects, if I further recommend that the Legislature submit to the people for with 4’s or with 4’ cusn eccas., Aeolic is the guilty member. This disposes repeal, Article 15, Declaration of Rights, which forces upon us our inflexi- of a pan-Acolic dialect. Acolic, Thessalian and Boeotian are more closely ble system of taxation. It is no safeguard, but simply restricts the people connected than any dialects of this class. Yet even they have only one in their efforts to secure justice. salient feature in common. An Aeolic dialect in the former, wider sense of What has been submitted in this report is nothing~merely theoretical, the term cannot he utilized as a factor in the study of Hellenic speech. If but an improved system of taxation, every part of which has been tested by there was ever any period when A-C and these dialects were in touch, it experience, every part of which is in harmony with the principles of true was before the worshippers of Arcadian Zeus emigrated from Northern democracy. It is simple and easily enforced, and if to any it appears com- Hellas. Into such a period, of which Greek legand has preserved no plex, it is only by reason of novelty. The more carefully it is examined, memory, it is futile for us to attempt to penetrate. the more thoroughly, I am convinced, will it meet with approval. It aims If we eliminate from A-C those forms that are pan-Hellenic or due to to distribute the burdens of government according to ability to bear them, the declining vigor of the old inflectional system, the residue may justly be to simplify administration,, and to encourage business by giving it as good compared with a similar residue from other dialects. The result of such a opportunities in Maryland as elsewhere. comparison shows that Thessalian is the link between Aeolic and A-C and We have in our American commonwealths far better opportunity to between A-C and Boeotian. It was from Thessaly that the Aeolians and establish a satisfactory system of taxation than exists in any European Boeotia.ns are said to have departed to seek a new home (see American State, where tradition, special privileges, and old customs impose fetters on Journal of Philology, VII, 426). the freedom of movement, and there is no reason why Maryland should When A-C falls into line with Done and Ionic the phenomenain question not strike out boldly and be the State to lead all others in the reform of appear to be survivals of the pan-Hellenic period. taxation. Traces of connection between Arcado-Cyprian and Done alone are far to seek. ~ by compensatory lengthening has been explained by the adherents ofan “Aeolic” origin of Arcadian as aproof that the ancestorsof the Arcado- The Arcado-Cyprian Dialect. By HERBERT WEIR SMYTH. Cyprians emigrated from Northern Greece before ~ (i. e. open ~j) became ~ [Abstract ofa paper readbeforethe University Philological Association, October, 21,1887.] (closed 77). But as it cannot be shown that EL for ~ was the property of Les- bians, Thessalians and Boeotians in a common home, the ~ of pOi~pwr and of Arcadian and Cyprian are in closer touch than any other two Hellenic i~d (if we follow the common transcription of e~ mi) must be either pan- dialects, which have at the same time so many and such varied points of Hellenic or Done. That the latter is the only possible explanation is clear divergence. If we consider the date of the separation of the daughter- from the fact that the ground form *cpOEpLw became cpO~jpw in no dialect dialect (a date which on any view must be early even if we reject the Aga- except iDoric. Ionic pO~5pw never existed, despite Gustav Meyer. ~ by penor legend), the preservation in Cyprian for so many centuries of such compensatory lengthening is then the only case of touch between A-C and striking cases of agreement with Arcadian, offers a most valuable example of Doric. This Doric feature is, however, the earliest and only loan forma- the persistence of dialect life. This fact is not unknown, but has never yet tion from Done in the period of a yet undivided Arcado-Cyprian dialect; received thoroughgoing treatment. The treatises of Gelbke, Schrader, and is therefore not to he held to be a proof of the original Done character Rothe and Spitzer fail to open that horizon, without which the mooted of the dialect. An Arcado-Cyprian ~xer is not necessarily Done, as -v may question of the position of Arcadian can never be settled, and which can be be pre-dialectal. On the other hand the sympathies of A-C, Aeohic and obtained solely on the basis of a minute examination of the phenomena in Ionic-Attic are strongly marked. Whether this preference is the survival question. The object of this paper * was to present a study preparatory to of the period when IE. d had not yet become ~ in Ionic-Attic, or is due to a such an examination, and at the same time to lay the foundation for a dis- later, but pre-historic interconnection between Ionic-Attic and Aeolic, is a cussion of the question in a work on the dialects of Greece now in progress. question that will probably always await solution. Arcado-Cyprian and It was designed to collect every case of agreement and of difference between Aeolic, despite their differences, stand in more pronounced opposition to the two dialects, beginning with what is common to Arcadian and to Done than do Thessalian or Boeotian; and seem to form a link in the chain Cyprian (A-C) and to no other Hellenic dialect; next to present the joint which begins with Doric and ends with Ionic-Attic. This statement must possessions of A-C and Homeric Greek (e. g. inf. in -rn’cu), then, by gradu- however not be construed to imply that Arcado-Cyprians and Aeohians were ally enlarging the range of vision, to discuss in detail the relations of A-C to the first separatists from a common home. all the dialects known under the obsolescent name of Aeolic; and finally The affinities of Arcadian in conjunction with Cyprian point, then, in to draw within the circle of observation the affinities of A-C, IDoric and the direction of a connection with those dialects which are allied to Aeohic. Ionic. The same process was then applied in the case of Arcadian and of Confirmatory of this view is the fact that when Arcadian is regarded in Cyprian when these dialects either present actual differences or when one conjunction with Cyprian, the total number of Aeohians increases, but when has preserved forms as yet not found in the other. By this process alone taken alone and compared with Aeolic, Thessahian or Boeotian, this number can the vision of the dialectologist become keen enough to permit a decreases. The older the form, so much greater the likelihood of its being * To appear in full in Vol. XVIII. of the Treasactioas of the Aaierican Philological Aeohic in its sympathies. 8ociety. Arcadian, when at variance with ~yprian, presents a mixture of dialects 44 JOHNS HOPKINS [No. 64.

scarcely equalled in any canton of Greece. The correspondences with whole containing 3210 hexameter verses. It is a harmony of the four Aeolic alone are insignificant, the majority being survivals of pan-Hellenic Gospels, introducing material from each, though following Matthew in the speech. The connection with Thessalian is notmuch stronger. When Arca- main. The question as to the authorship of the fragments of the version dian and Boeotian converge, the casesof agreement are either pan-Hellenic of the Old Testament which are often ascribed to Juvencus might repay a or iDoric. Hence it cannot well be affirmed that the Aeolic preferences of fuller investigation. The more noticeable features of language, syntax and Arcadian, when taken alone without the aid of Cyprian, are vigorous. prosody were considered in detail. Juvencus shows a fondness for archa- The Ionic proclivities of Arcadian are few, but most pronounced (er, inf. isms, makes frequent use of the infinitive to express purpose, uses si in in -PaL). The Doric features, too, stand out in clear light. But it is not direct questions, and shows various points of agreement with the ecclesiasti- true that whenever Arcadian agrees with dialects of the Aeolic type, it cal writers. He uses more than 150 words (not proper names) not found in agrees at the same time with Doric. Importance should be placed upon Vergil; 21 ofthese do not appear to be found elsewhere, and the following are this negation of Schrader’s assertion, as also upon the character of many of not given in the dictionaries: dr mcomplexa, labenter, praeblandus, praegratus. the Dorisms of Arcadian, which are clearly survivals ofpan-Hellenic. Following theplan of Drobisch, an investigation of the metrical composition It is impossible to give a completely satisfactory explanation of the of the first four feet of every line was made, with the following result: concurrence in Arcadian of forms of Doric, Ionic and Aeolic coloring, a con- dddd, 1.43 per ct. ddds, 5.11 per ct. sdsd, 3.70 per ct. dsss, 16.08 per ct. currence which is the more remarkable from the fact that the contest for sddd, 1.65 “ ssdd, 1.93 “ dsds, 9.25 “ sdss, 10.87 “

supremacy between these forms dates from a prehistoric period. dsdd, 2.37 “ dssd, 4.98 “ sdds, 5.45 “ ssds, 7.23 “

Aeolisms are passive, rarely aggressive. Where they exist in the language ddsd, 3.8 “ ddss, 12.40 “ sssd, 3.89 “ ssss, 9.78 “ of the people, they have existed from all time. They are never a force in The most characteristic feature is the number of spondaic feet. Consider- dialect mixture, save in literature. Their history is a history of their con- ing the first four feet of each verse, we find the unusual proportion: tinual recession before Attic and iDoric. The Aeolisms of Arcadian belong to the heart of the dialect, its lonisms and iDorisms are adventitious. d : 5:: 39.53: 60.47. Achaea was the refuge ofdispossessed Jonians, and the Cynurians were Ionic Juvencus has three spondaic verses, two of which consist of six consecu- before their Dorization. The Dorisms are explained by Strabo, who held tive spondaic feet (4,629; 4,233). A table of curves constructed by the that Arcadian was an “Aeolic” dialect. He says ~oKoiXrL ~ system of ordinates was exhibited, which showed the relative proportion cciravTes (the Peloponnesians) ~s&~-~s’ervp8aocu’ EITLKp&1-ELaJ/. Traces of sym- of each scheme in Vergil’s Aeneid and Juvencus’s version of the Gospels. pathy between Cyprian, apart from Arcadian, and Aeolic, are few. When More than fifty passages were collected which show an imitation of Vergil. Cyprian agrees with Aeolic, Thessalian or Boeotian the points of agreement Alliteration is very common in all parts of the verse. With the exception occur generally either in Doric or in Ionic. But these dialects have of an occasional vivid descriptive passage, there is little attempt at literary resisted longer than Doric the incursion of the Ionic s’ ~pexicvo’nicdv. The embellishment. The boldest liberty which our poet takes with the text, as connection of Arcadian with Aeolic is however stronger than that of well as his chief resource in the way of coloring, is the frequent introduction Cyprian with Aeolic. With IDoric, Cyprian shares much; which was only of high-sounding epithets for divine personages. Throughout there is a to be expected from the vicinity of Rhodes, Crete and Pamphylia. supreme effort to reproduce literally the plain narrative of the evangelists. If we compare the cases of absolute disagreement between Arcadian and Cyprian, it is evident that either the one dialect or the other has preserved the more ancient form. Where the chronology of a phonetic change is still Influence of the University of Virginia upon South- doubtful, or where two variant forms appear to antedate the separation, we ern Life and Thought. By WM. P. TRENT. can obtain no light as to the relative priority of Arcadian or of Cyprian. [Abstract of a paper read beforethe University Historical Seminary, December 2, 1887]. But the “acorn-eating~~ Arcadians are less prone to admit innovations than The topic was treated from two standpoints: first, an analysis was made their offspring. The Aeolisms of Cyprus, are as a rule joint possessions of of the past and present workings of the institution and certain causes or Arcadian and of Cyprian. It is more probable that Arcadian should have forces were pointed out which had great influence in shaping the intel- adopted Dorisms than that Cyprian should have lost Aeolisms. lectual life of the South; second, statistics for the first fifty years of the As in the offspring hereditary traits are reproduced which do not appear University were presented, showing the actuak number of alumni engaged in the parent, so Cyprian is oftentimes the representative of a more ancient in the various professions and in politics, along with such general explana- period than Arcadian, e. g. genitive in .~For from -~w stems, the genitive tions and conclusions as the figures suggested. The working forces enu- -KXEFEOS; ~,cepo~ecompared with the vexatious Arcadian pOE’pcu; .dr in the merated were six, viz.: the constant striving after improvement both in feminine genitive for the Arcadian -au. method and scope of instruction, the substitution of the elective for the cur- ricular system, the presence of the honor system of discipline, the even balance held between the sects and parties, the high qualifications both The Libri Evangeliorum Quattuor of Juvencus. By mental and moral of the men chosen as professors, and lastly the unique JAMES TAFT HATFIELD. position of the University in the South, a resultant of the five preceding [Abstractof a paperread before the University Philological Association, October 21, 1887]. causes but also determined by others less obvious. Each of these topics The appearance of C. Marold’s edition of this poem* gives in available received special treatment. In the statistical portion of the paper many form the text of this once much-praised work, of which more than thirty interesting facts were brought out. Of 9,160 students, 1,935 became law- editions have appeared since 1490. It is to be regretted that in several yers; 2,090 became physicians; 265, clergymen; 520, professional teachers; cases Marold’s text exhibits misleading typographical errors. The poem while 2,300 entered the Confederate service. It was further shown that consists of a short preface followed by four books of about equal length, the from the alumni of the first fifty years had come 167 judges, 348 legislators, 30 generals, 62 members of Congress, 2 speakers of the House, 6 governors, * C. Yettii AquiliniJuvenci IAbri Evangeliorum 1111; Leipsic, Teubuer, 1586. and 2 cabinet ministers.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY. G. STANLEY HALL, Pu. D., EDITOR.

Vol. I, No. 2, February, 1888, isready, containing 156 pages, octavo. 100 pages are devoted to original papers, and 56 pages to reviews and digests of recent psychological literature and to psychological notes. CONTENTS. 1.—ARTIcLEs: 11.—Psi-cuoLoCIcAL LITERATURE: 1. On the Relation of Neurology to Psychology. Henry H. Donaldson, Ph. D., I. Experimental Psychology. Instructor in Psychology at the Johns Hopkins University. II Histology of theNervous System. H. H. Donaldson, Ph. D. III. Abnormal Psychology. 2. Insistent and Fixed Ideas. Edward. Cowles,M D Professor of Mental Diseases, IV. Miscellaneous. Dartmouth Medical College. Medical SuperinterAent, McLean Asylum, Somer- 111.—NoTEs: - yule, Mass. I. Educational. 8. A Critique of Psycho-Physic Methods. Joseph Jastrow, Ph. D., Johns Hopkins II. Experimental. University. iii. Abnormal. Single numbers, $1.00. Subscription to yearly volume of four numbers, .00. Remittances may be addressed to the AMERICAN JOURNAL or PSYCHOLOGY, BALTIMORE, MD. 45 MARCH, 1888.] UNIVERSITY 011WULAPS.

RECENT GIFTS AND ACCESSIONS. A COLLECTION OF ANCIENT GREEK AND ROMAN COINS, which was gath- The Library has just received from Mr. JOHN H. HARJES of Paris, a resi- ered by a prominent archeetilogist during a residence of about twenty-five dent of Baltimore in 1849—52, a collection of 107 standard and valuable years in Rome, was purchased through the mediation of Dr. Arthur L. French works on political economy, finance, and administration, all inthe best Frothingham, and presented to the University by the following gentlemen: library-bindings. Among them may be mentioned the works of Colbert, in Christian Ax, Jr., D. L. Bartlett, Mendez Cohen, G. W. Gail, Robert Gar- 10 vols.; Dufour, Droit Administratif 8 vols.; iD’Audiffret, Systlme financier rett, T. Harrison Garrett, Daniel C. Gilman, Hodges Brothers, Reverdy de la France, 6 vols.; Say, Dictionnaire desfinances de la France, etc. Johnson, Francis T. King, J. W. McCoy, W. W. Spence, and Francis White. The full list is as follows: This collection includes coins from the Greek colonies in Spain, Gaul, Asnt. Etude sur les tarifs dedouanes. Paris, 1876. 2 vols. 0. Italy, and Sicily, from the different States of ancient Greece itself; begin- ANDR]I, A. Traitd du rdgime hypoth6caire. Paris, 1886. 0. BEILAC, DE. Instruction gdndralesar le service et la comptabilitS des ordonnateurs et des ning with some of the earliest examples of the seventh century, and con- receveurs de douanes. Paris, 1867. 0. tinuing to the Diadochi. The collection of Roman coins from the time of BARES, E. Manuel de lempruntear et du prdteur aux caisses da cr6dit foncier. Paris, the Republic down to the last of the Emperors is especially complete. The 1855. S. list numbers more than 1200, and is highly interesting as illustrative both BEssoN. TraitS . . . . de la taxe de 3pr. Ct. sur le reveun. Paris, 1887. 0. BLANCHE, A. ET YMBERT, T. Dictionnaire g6n6ral de ladministration. Paris, 1884. 0. of the monetary system of ancient times and of various periods of numis- BLOCK, H. Statistique de la France. Paris, 1875. 0. matic art. It was formed with the special view of illustrating lectures on BOITEAU, P. Fortune publique et finances de la France. Paris, 1866. 0. ancient history and archaeology, and contains the greater part of tbose BONNAL, E. TraitS des octrois. Paris, 1873. 0. ancient coins that have reproductions of famous temples, statues, or paint- BONNET, V. CrSdit et les banques. Paris, 1875. BOULANOER, E. TraitS des radiations hypothScaires. Paris, 1886. 2 vols. 0. ings on their reverse. CHAILLEY, J. Impdt sur le revena. Paris, 1884. 0. On the evening of February 22, the collection was formally presented to CL~MENT, P. Histoire de Colbert. Paris, 1874. 2 vols. D. the University. (See p. 47 of this Uie~ceclar.) Gonvernement de Louis XIV. Paris, 1848. 0. CODE des lois sur lenregistreinent, le timbre, etc. Paris, n. d. 0. The Library is indebted to the DOWAGER LADY VERNON for a copy of COFFINItRES, A. S. G. Etudes sur le budget. Paris, 1848. 0. the celebrated ‘5VERNON DANTE,” a work, according to a distinguished critic, COLBERT, J. B. Lettres, instrnctions,1,22,31 32,et4,mdnoires.5, 6,7, andPubliSsTable. par P. CiSment. Paris, 1861. COQUELIE,itivols.C. CrSditQ. Tom.1,2et les banques. Paris, 1859. D. which, “for utility and purpose, comprehensiveness of design, and costly COUECELLE-SENEUIL, J. G. TraitS des opSrations de banque. Paris, 1876. 0. execution, has never been equalled in any country.” It consists of three CouRToes, A. Histoire des banques en France. Paris, 1881. 0. superb folio volumes, containing the text of the Inferno, with grammatical ]15’AUDIFFEET. Systlme financier de la France. Paris, 1865. 6 vols. Q. and other explanations, a historical and biographical account of the poet, Dictionnaire des percepteurs, des receveurs municipaux, etc. Paris, 1887. 0. DUFOUR, G. TraitS gSnSral de droit administratif. Paris, 1868. 8 vols. 0. his family, and his time and a magnificent album of illustrative engrav- DIIFEESNE, E. J. Manuel de la perception des droits de timbre. Paris, 1864. 0. ings, drawn and engraved especially for this work. DUMAINE, C. Do contrat dassurance sur la vie. Paris, 1883. D. To these was added another folio containing facsimiles of the first four FAURE, F. Budgets de la France et des principaux Stats de lEurope. Paris, editions of the Divina C’ommedia, edited from the originals in the British 1887. Q. FLAIX, E. F. DE. Etudes Sconoiniques et financiSres. Paris, 1883. 2 vols. D. Museum by Sir Antonio Panezzi. Reformede limpdt en France. Paris, 1885. 1. 0. These works were the results of the scholarly labor and munificent liber- FoucERoussE, A. Patrons et onvriers de Paris. Paris, 1880. Q. ality of the late George John Warren, Lord Vernon, long distinguished in FOURECEE, C. TraitSdes cosetributions directes. Paris. 1885. D. Europe as “the Meecenas of Dante Literature.” GANDILLOT, Ii. Principes de la science des finances. Paris, n. d. 3 vols. 0. GARNIER, J. TraitS des finances. Paris, 1883. 0. Interesting statements as to “The Vernon Dante” are given in a pam- GAuTSIIER, A. A. Code des placements fonciers. Paris, 1865. 0. phlet nuder that title, by H. C. Barlow, M. D. (London, 1870); and, also, G1~RAUD, C. Dictionnaire de comptabilitS, domaines, hypothlques, etc. Paris, 1882. 3 in the “Life of Sir Anthony Panizzi,” by Louis Fagan (London, 1880). vols. Q. Table gSnSral des instructions et circulaires de lenregistrement, etc. Paris, 1887. 2 vols. 0. Mr. CHARLES F. FITZGERALD of Baltimore has given to the University G1RAUD, C. ET PRISSE, F. Coinmentaire de linstruction gSnSrale sur le service des a collection of mosses, including between 3,000 and 4,000 specimens and over arnendes. Paris, 1878. 0. 1,200 species. It embraces the mosses of the United States from the high OERiuAIN, F. Dictionnaire do budget. Paris, 1881. 0. latitudes of the far Northwest and the Pacific coast to the glades and swamps GoRoEs, J. H. Dette publique. Paris, 1885. D. GUILLARD, E. Oplrations de Ia Bourse. Paris, 1875. Q. of Florida. With these is also a large collection of European mosses. The JAUVELI.E, 11. L. DR. Repertoire gdnSral des contributions directes. 4 ed. Paris, 1885. Q. specimens have been carefully dried, mounted, and named, and will prove JossEAU, J. B. TraitS do crSdit foncier. Paris, 1884. 2 vols. 0. of value for reference indetermining the difficult species of our own region. JoURDAA, J. B. Manuel de la transcription hypotlidcaire. Paris, 1886. 0. Among the contributors to this collection by exchange and otherwise have KAUF5tANN, R. DR. Finances de la France. Trad. par Ducaurier et Dc Riedmatten. Paris, 1884. 0. been Mr. Lesquereux, Mr. James, and other distinguished specialists in this KSiss, T. Manuel de laspirant an surnumdriat. Paris, 1885. 0. department of botany. Manuel complet des snrnumdraires. Paris, 1885. 2 vols. 0. LABRYRIE, H. Thdorie et histoire des conversions de rentes. Paris, 1878. 0. Thee University lens received from the MARYLAND ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LAVOLLdE, II. Classes ouvriires on Europe. Paris, 1884. 2 vols. Q. Lie COUPPEY, G. Do limptit fonder. Paris, 1867. 0. a considerable portion of its collection. Mr. P. R. Ubler, Librarian of the LE Touzsi, C. Traitd do chauge des inounaiss. Paris, 1883. 0. Peabody Institute and, for several years, the President of the Academy, BAQUET, E. Traitd des droits denregistremont. Paris, 1882. 3 vols. 0. has prepared an account of the collection and a brief history of the Academy. KCCOLAS, C. Budgets do la France, Paris, 1882. Q. (See p. 48 of this circular.) PARIRU, E. DR. Traitd des imptits. Paris, 1866. 4 vole. 0. Peoucy, J. Influence dos lois do proeSdure civile sur lo crldit foncier. Paris, 1854. 0. PONT, P. Explication dn code civil. Paris, 1878. 2 vols. 0. Through the generosity of the Government of Switzerland, and the kind SAY, L. Dictionnaire des finances. Paris, 1881—7. Q. Fasc. 1—8. mediation of the Hon. EMILE FREY, its minister at Washington, the Uni- SeeCTE, A. Riohesse de nations. Traduction de G. Gamier. Paris, 1881. 2 vols. 0. STOURM, R. Finances de lancion rlgime et de la revolution. Paris, 1885. 2 vols. 0. versity Library has come into possession of a large collection of books and TexeER, B. Do lassiette de limpdt foncier. Paris, 1875. 0. pamphlets relating to the history, laws, and administration of that coun- TRESCAZE, A. Dictiounaise dos contributions indiroctes. Poitiers, 1884. Q. try. The list includes documents from all departments of the Federal Gov- VCOARCo, F. Banques populaires. Paris 1865. 2 vols. Q. ernment, and numbers over 800 items. VeoNEs, E. TraitS des impdts en France. Paris, 1880. 2 vols. 0. VEAYE, C. Budget do lEtat. Paris, 1875. 0. It appears that the Swiss Government endeavored to send us the best WoLowIKe, L. Lor et largent. Paris, 1870. 0. possible exhibit of its actual administration, and also a documentary his- tory of its past. A detailed statement in regard to the volumes received is contained in the Universit~’ Uirculars, No. 62, January, 1888. 46 JOHNS HOPKINS [No. 64.

The MERCANTILE LIBRARY of Baltimore placed at the disposal of the England, also many belonging to the Neolithic age, found in France, Eng- University almost all its public documents and a large number of maga- land, Ireland, Denmark, Switzerland, and other places, and a collection of zines. primitive utensils of North and South America illustrating all theseperiods, About 1200 volumes were brought to the University and about 1400 were as well as Indian art in historic times. Bows and arrows still used in South returned to the Department of the Interior to be used for supplying defi- America, hunting and fishing implements from Alaska, and other Indian ciencies in other libraries. work of recent manufacture increase the list of interesting specimens to The books retained by the University include a set of the English Annual nearly three hundred. Register from 1758—1817; a Universal History in sixty-five volumes; the Athenasum (London), 1828—1878; Debates in Houses of Lords and Commons, Tbe Library has also acquired by purchase the portfolio of plates illustra- 1660—1743; American State Papers and other government publications. tive of animal locomotion, by Mr. E. MUYBRIDGE, issued under the auspices of the University of Pennsylvania. The portfolio contains 100 plates, pro- A collection of prehistoric and later relics of savage life, made by Prof. A. duced by the photo-gelatine process, representing men, women, and children, M. MAYER, of the Stevens Institute of Technology of Hoboken, N. J., was animals and birds, in active motion; the successive stages of each move- purchased by the University. It includes a large number of valuable speci- ment being taken by instantaneous photography, by means of a system of mens of the implements of the Paleolithic period, found in France and forty-eight electro-photographic cameras, operating automatically.

TWELFTH COMMEMORATION DAY.

Wednesday, February 22, was celebrated as Commemoration Day. The following named gentlemen acted as Marshals The Faculty, Students and invited guests assembled at the University E. M. Hartwell, Chief Marshal; Aids, J. S. Ames, C. M. Andrews, L. buildings at half-past ten o’clock, and proceeded in a body to the Mount Bell, J. S. Billings, Jr., H. M. Brown, A. Bucherer, J. Cummings, P. J. Vernon Place Methodist Episcopal Church, where the public exercises of Dashiell, A. It. L. Dohme, C. H. Herty, C. S. Lewis, A. T. Murray, G. the day began at eleven o’clock. C. Morrison, B. M. Roszel, R. M. Tarleton, T. Whitridge, G. Wilkes, W. ORDER OF PROCESSION. K. Williams. I. The following named gentlemen acted as ushers in the Church The Chief Marshal and his Aids. L. W. Atkinson, A. L. Browne, W. L. Devries, B. B. Lanier, A. Mann, II. R. Robinson, J. B. Stokes, W.W. Willoughby. The Undergraduate Students as an Escort. During the exercises in the Church, the pieces below named were played III. by a string quartette: Messrs. F. Gaul (first violin), J. Schaefer (second The Trustees and the Faculty, with the Officers of other Institutions of Learning, and Guests personally invited. violin), J. Reinha.rdt (viola), R. Green (violoncello). IV. Adagio, Bizet. The Fellows by Courtesy and the Fellows. Minuet, Mozart. Serenade, Haydn. V. Scherzo, - . - - Beethoven. The Alumni. Marche Militaire, - - Schubert. VI. The organ was played by Mr. H. Schwing. The Candidates for Degrees. Addresses weremade by Professor Haupt, Professor Remsen, and President vIl. Gilman. The Graduate Students. The following abstracts of the addresses are reprinted substantially as ORDER OF EXERCISES. they appeared in The Sun, Baltimore, February 23, 1888. I. Prayer. Professor HAUPT said: “On every commemoration day of our University II. we gratefully remember the public spirit of its founder. A man who spends Music. his wealth fee sabeel Allah, in God’s way, as the Mohammedans term gifts for III. the welfare of the community, leaves behind a monumeatum acre perennsus. Address by Dr. PAUL HAUPT, Professor of the Shemitic Languages. None but ideal foundations resist the gnawing tooth of time. The grandest SUBJECT, Afodern Researches in Assyria and Babylonia. monuments of the past would lone, have been buried in oblivion, had they IV. not been awakened to new life by studies pursued in institutions founded Music. by the munificence of enlightened governments and noble individuals. V. Hardly ever has a king erected a greater monument than did Darius Address by Dr. IRA IREMSEN, Professor of Chemistry. Hytaspes on the rock of Behisthn, but after a single century its significance SUBJECT, The Significance of the Study of Chemistry; and especially was lost. Ktesias, the Greek physician of the Persian King Artaxerxes II, the Recent Advances in Chemical Science. attributed it to the fabulous Queen Semiramis. Sir Robert Ker Porter, the VI. famous English traveler, believed that the sculptures represented Tiglath- Music. pileser and the ten tribes, while Keppler explained them to be Queen VII. Address by President GILIVTAN. Esther and liar attendants. Only the patient labors of scholars from various lands have revealed anew the meaning of the old Persian king’s magnifi- SUBJECT, The Scientific and Educational Resources of Baltimore. cent memorial. The decipherment of these ancient inscriptions is one of VIII. Music. the greatest triumphs of the human intellect.” Professor HAUPT then pro- IX. ceeded to give an account of the discoveries which have been made in Conferring of Degrees. Mesopotamia during the last fifty years. Bachelor of Arts (extra ordinem): The conclusion of the address was as follows: “ But since these remarka- CHARLES H. CHAPMAN, presented by Associate Professor STORY. ble discoveries were made, all digging on the Mesopotamian sites has Doctor of Philosophy: practically came to a stop. There is a strong opposition now, on the part HERBERT C. ELMER, (A. B., Cornell University), presented by of the Turkish authorities, to arch ological research by agents of European Associate Professor WARREN. countries. Hormuzd Rassam, the director of the English excavations in X. Mesopotamia, himself states that the attitude assumed by the British Gov- Music. ernment in the Egyptian difficulty has alienated the good feeling of the MARCH, 1888.] UNIVERSITY CII?CULARS. 47

Porte towards the English, and the Sultan not caring to grant them any something which has a direct bearing upon our every-day lives. A practical favors, everything has gone against them.* And France, as well as the other investigation is one that leads to the establishment of some new industry or Continental Powers, absorbed in the preparation for that great struggle, to the improvement of some old industry, or it is one which leads to the whose outbreak seems so imminent, is not able to take up this scientific discovery of some substance which can be used by man. My practical mission. Instead of ornamenting their museums with Biblical antiquities brother, then, has no sympathy with the kind of work I have been speaking they prefer to cram their arsenals with new repeating rifles. of, but demands that the work should be of such a kind as to lead directly “Now, I should like to ask, is not America called upou to step in here? to results which can be utilized at once by mankind. It cannot be denied During the last few years Assyrian studies have made such great progress that there is much that is reasonable in this demand. It is right that the in this country that the eminent French archasologist, M. Joachim Menant, results of scientific work shonld be made available, and that they should be in a recent work reviewing the development of Assyriology,t declared that utilized to the fullest extent for the improvement of man’s condition. We the most serious efforts in this line are concentrated in America. There are all know that much has already been accomplished in this direction. It is more specialists in this branch of Biblical philology here than in England, difficult adequately to estimate what we owe to chemistry, and we may and I venture to assert that they are not inferior to the English. At expect even greater gifts in the future than she has already presented. Harvard, Yale, Princeton; and other universities, in various theological Every year some new application of chemical discoveries is made. To seminaries in New York, Boston, Chicago, Cincinnati—everywhere we have whom do we owe the possibility of these applications? My answer is dis- competent representatives of this new science. A national expedition, com- tinctly,—we owe it to those chemists who are engaged in investigations in prising delegates from these various centres of learning, under the auspices the field of pure science. Everything that tends to the perfection of the of the Smithsonian Institution, and enjoying the aid of the United States science of chemistry is of aid in connection with the application of chemical Government, could compete with that of any other nation. Everything truths. The most refined investigation on the most abstruse chemical sub- that is necessary for such an undertaking is here—self-denying enthusiasm •ject may furnish a link in a chain of argument, and its value thus be facing all dangers, thorough preparation ensuring success, a fertile field for clearly recognized. I do not ask you to take my assertion on this point as investigation promising rich results, a magnificent museum making acces- final evidence. I ask your attention to the important fact that the centre of

sible to the general public the treasures recovered — everything is here; the chemical industries of the world is that country in which the greatest all we need is a fund. I trust we shall not have to wait until it is too late. attention is paid to pure chemistry. As the result of much experience, it has In a few years political complications in the East may render it impossible been found that those chemists who are best versed in the pure science are the to recover any of these treasures. If a fund could be raised, to begin exca- the best fitted to go into the great factories and conduct the chemical opera- vations on a sound basis next fall, we could bring to the National Museum tions. Even in the technical schools in Germany the subject of chemistry a collection of Oriental antiquities, not inferior to the Assyrian treasures is taught just as it is in the universities, in such a way as to give the student of the British Museum and the Paris Louvre!” as much as possible of the pure science. If my practical brother could “Such a project appeals to every one who takes an interest in the dawn make a tour of the great laboratories of the world, whether in universities of civilization and the history of religion The monuments in the valley or in polytechnic schools, he would find that the subjects under investiga- of the Euphrates and Tigris furnish the key to countless mysteries in the tion in ninety-nine out of a hundred of them are such as he would regard early history of man. They answer a multitude of questions whose solu- as in a high degree unpractical; and yet I say the experience of the world tion is indispensable for a study of the development of religion and culture. has shown that where the most of this unpractical work is done, there They add new leaves to the book of man’s earliest traditions. They con- the most practical results are reached. The testimony of chemists is unani- firm and elucidate the sacred records of the Old Testament. Chaldea is mous on this point. We are, therefore, led to the conclusion that the most the cradle of the great race of Israel, the birthplace of his ancestors. To unpractical work is the most practical—a conclusion which, I am sure, will Chaldea we can trace the roots of his nationality and his religion, and indi- stand the test of the severest criticism. rectly the roots of Christianity. If we wish to have some knowledge of the “But I do not think that this last argument is needed to justify tile primitive period in which the chosen people developed we must dig for it abstract chemical work of which I have been speaking. Man can be in Assyria and Babylonia. It is true we cannot recover gold and silver, as improved in other ways than by ministering to his daily bodily needs. He the natives fancy. A treasure of Priam will never be found in the sterile has higher needs, and some of these are ministered to by enlarging the mounds of Mesopotamia. All that we can unearth are sculptures and world of ideas. Every discovery is an addition to the world’s stock of inscriptions, nothing but stones, broken stones, but stones to which the knowledge, and we are all gainers by these discoveries. The gain is not as word of Scripture II applies: ‘If men should hold their peace, the stones tannible as the material ones, but it is none the less valuable. Is not the will cry ouL.’” world better off for its books, its works of art? Take them away. Imagine the result. So it is with the results of scientific work. By the aid of this Professor iREM5EN, after referring to the difficulty of giving a clear idea work we are advancing towards clearer conceptions of the universe and our in regard to the character of the work now being carried on in the princi- position in it. Stop the work and we should have to live on our capital. pal chemical laboratories of the world, gave a brief account of some of the The work must go on entirely independently of tile question whether the most important recent investigations in chemistry, such as the prediction of results can be utilized at once or not. We need more light! Let us work new elements and the discovery of the periodic law by Mendelejefi; the arti- for this.” ficial preparation of indigo, and discussions regarding the actual position of atoms in molecules. He said: “Now that I have begun to tell of the President GILMAN was the last speaker. Afterreferring to the conditions achievements of chemistry, I would fain continue; but my remarks were to which make great cities attractive and prosperous, he alluded to the dis- be brief, and I reluctantly turn to a subject which I would gladly discuss at tinctive features of many famous European capitals, and then spoke par- some length, but which, under the circumstances, I shall have to dismiss in ticularly of five American seaboard cities, Boston, New York, Philadelphia, a few words. I think I hear some of you say: ‘This is all very well, but I Baltimore and Washington. They have all made great advances during the thought chemistry was a practical science. What is the good of all these last twenty-fiveyears in population, wealth, industry, comfort, attractiveness. refined investigations on the nature of the elements and tbe constitution of It is wonderful howmuch they have all donewithin this period for the pro- chemical compounds? Cannot the chemist find something more practical motion of literature, science, art, and the higher education. Each of them to work on?’ Whether any of you are inclined to ask these questions, I may aspire to be the centre of university influences like Berlin, Vienna, know not; but I do know that they are constantly asked, and it is clear to Munich, Paris. Each city thrives by the progress of other cities. Each me that they need answers. I take it that by the word practical is meant should engage in friendly rivalry and co-operative activity. Among these

* See II. Rassam’s report on Recent Discoveries of AncientBabylonian Cities in the Trans- five cities, Baltimore is distinguished by the munificent gifts which have actions of the Society ofBiblical Archeology, Vol.VIII (London, 1885), p. 186. been set apart for public purposes within tile period named. It has already j Los leagues perdues do ta Pesse et de tAssyris par 51. Joaclihe Menant, Assyrio (Paris, —almost before the inhabitants are aware of it—become a university town. 1885), p. xv. Its educational resources were never so ample as now, and they are so ~Cf. Otto Stransa, Ninivo and des W t Gottes (Berlin, 1855), p. 6; George Smith’s Chat- arranged and governed as to be in the main co-operative and not antago- ddischo Genesis (Leipzig, 1876), p. 268; Fr. Kaulen, Assyrion und Babylonion (Freibarg ire Breisgau, 1885), p. 246. nistic. Few of the citizens of Baltimore are aware of their own possessions. 48 JOHNS HOPKINS [No. 64.

Consider the Washington monument to be the centre of a circle having The Alumni Association of the University held a meeting at 9.30 a. m. the radius of a mile. Within the area thus circumscribed are thirteen in the physical laboratory, and, after making some slight changes in the public institutions devoted to liberal and professional education, and their constitution, elected as officers for the year Dr. Josiah iRoyce, Assistant Pro- various courses are attended by not less than twenty-two hundred young fessor of Philosophy in Harvard University, president; Mr. Henry J. Bow- men,many of whom come from the most distant parts of the Union. Within doin, secretary; Mr. Allan McLane, Jr., treasurer; Drs. H. H. Donaldson, this educational circle are schools of law, theology, medicine, pharmacy and B. ZR. L. Gould and Henry Rolando, executive committee. After the exer- dentistry; of music and the arts of design; of ancient and modern languages; cises at the church, the Alumni and some invited guests met at a luncheon ofmathematics, physics andastronomy; ofchemistry, biology andpathology; in the gymnasium. Remarks were made by Prof. A. Marquand, the retiring of zodlogy and botany; of history, politics and ethics and psychology. The president, Judge George Win. Brown, President Gilman, Dr. E. M. Hartwell, same area contains eleven libraries, most of them gratuitously open to Mr. Allan McLane, Jr., and Dr. herbert B. Adams. Dr. Jameson read some scholars, all of them easily accessible, and their aggregate contents are not original verses, and letters from Dr. E. B. Wilson and Dr. Josiah Royce less than three hundred and thirty thousand volumes, of which it is safe to were read. say that more than one-half have been recently bought upon lists carefully prepared by scholars. Great laboratories (well equipped with modern appa- In the afternoon from three to five o’clock, th~ libraries and laboratories ratus and collections) have been built for the use of chemists, physicists, of the University and the new buildings of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, biologists and pathologists, and are now efficiently devoted to the instruc- by permission of the Hospital Trustees, Mr. F. T. King, president, were tion of youth and the advancement of knowledge. Other less extensive thrown open to visitors. laboratories for mineralogy and geology, and for psycho-physics, have also been provided. The acquisition of astronomical instruments has led to the In the evening a meeting of the Baltimore Society of the Archteological organization of a school of practical and theoretical astronomy. Jn the Institute of America was held at the residence of Mr. David L. Bartlett, the publication of scientific journals, Baltimore is now a leading university. president of the society. A collection of Greek and Roman coins was for- Seven such periodicals are in progress, and they bear the work ofAmeri- mally presented to the University in the name of the contributors by Mr. can scholars to every part of the world. The attention given to medical Bartlett and received by President Gilman. (See p. 45 of this Circular.) studies in Baltimore since the early part of this century will receive a new Professor Frothingham read a paper describing the origin and character of impulse when the great hospital, now nearly completed, is opened and made the collection. Papers were also read by Professors Haupt and Marquand. the basis of an advanced school of medicine and surgery. The college for women, soon to be opened, is another important addition to the educational In the evening a large number of the students and their friends attended endowments of the city. a gymnastic exhibition in theGymnasium, in accordance with arrangements These noble foundations are here to stay. Their establishment is not due made by the committee below named,— to a series of happy accidents. They are the results of long-continued sug- B. M. Hartwell, H. Nissen, C. F. Br6d~, P. J. Dashiell, R. C. Gildersleeve, gestions, of wise forethought, as truly as they are the tokens of enlightened H. W. Magoun, J. H. T. McPherson, G. M. Richardson, T. Whitridge, W. generosity. Large as these resources are, hopefi~l as the situation is, there K. Williams. is still much that is left undone—much that might be done, if others would After an introductory address, by Dr. E. M. Hartwell, the Director of do their part and build upon the sure foundations already laid. If the gene- the Gymnasium, the following programme of exercises was carried out rous gifts of Hopkins, Peabody and Pratt are supplemented by other gifts, under the lead and guidance of H. Nissen, the Instructor in Gymnastics: Baltimore may aspire to be known not only as the university city of the 1. Class in free movements; 2. Class exercises in heavy gymnastics; South, but as a leader among the cities of the country. Divergent prefer- 3. Advanced class exercises on the horizontal bar; 4. Advanced class exer- ences and temporary embarrassments should not in the least affect the hopes, cises on the parallel bars and rings; 5. Tumbling, somersaults and high the aspirations and the endeavors of our citizens. With gratitude for great jumping; 6. Pyramids. gifts, and the recognition of far-sighted plans, there should come constant On account of the limited space at command and the greatly increased tokens of the support and encouragement of all good men. number of students, the usual social assembly was given up.

LANIER MEMORIAL MEETING, FEBRUARY 3, i888. [From fiVie Nation, New York, February 9, 1888].

The forty-sixth birthday of Sidney Lanier, the Southern poet and musi- tal hung his flute; at the base was a bed offlowers. Musicians representing cian, was celebrated in Baltimore on February 3 by a company. of his per- the Peabody Orchestra, in which for years Lanier had played the flute, took sonal friends and associates. It is nearly seven years since he died, and his part in the exercises. One of his musical compositions, adapted to words of fame appears to be constantly increasing as the ideal of his aspirations is Tennyson’s, and one of his own poems,which a friend had set to music, were more clearly discerned. He has never been a “popular” poet—perhaps he sung. Miss Ward, sister of Lanier’s biographer, read selections from his never will be. To some minds he appears obscure; to some he seems like poems. Father Tabb, a Catholic priest who had shared with Lanier the a poet of another age discoursing on modern themes; to others—and this privations of prison life during the civil war, read a sonnet in commeniora- number is growing—he seems a poet of the future, the herald of better tion of his friend; another sonnet came from Richard B. Burton of Connec- things to come from the pens of those who are inspired by the ideas that ticut, and longer poems from Mrs. Turnbull of Baltimore and Joseph animated him. Whatever may be his ultimate position, the celebration in Cummings of Tennessee. Just before the hour of the meeting, the mail Baltimore shows that his life and writings have already made a strong brought some exquisite lines from Miss Edith M. Thomas, which, like the impression on a large number ofgifted and earnest minds. The immediate poems already mentioned, were read aloud. Professor Tolman of Ripon occasionof the assembly was the presentation of a likeness of the poet to the College, once a pupil of Lanier’s, contributed a critical estimate of his Johns Hopkins University. The sculptor, Ephraim Keyser, now at work on ‘Science of Verse,’ and Mr. Burton prepared a list of printed articles and the Arthdr monument, modelled the bust during Lanier’s life and caused it poems, some thirty in number, which have appeared since Lanier’s death, to be cast in bronze. When a kinsman of the poet, Mr. Charles Lanier of many of them by writers of distinction. President Gates of Rutgers College New York, heard of the existence of this work of art, he generously gave it spoke in words of affectionate admiration of the ethical influence of Lanier’s to the University in which Lanier had been a lecturer. A citizen of Balti- character and life. Many interesting letters were received, and three of more offered the pedestal. To receive the gift, a company of perhaps one them, those of Lowell, Richard W. Gilder, and Edmund C. Stedman, were hundred and fifty persons assembled in the hall where the poet had read read. Finally, as a choice memento of the hour, a card, designed and his lectures on the Growth of the Novel, English Literature, and on the given by Mrs. Whitman of Boston, was offered to every one of the company. Science ofVerse. There stood the bust crowned with laurel; on the pedes- Upon one side of the card were a wreath of laurel, the name and date, and MARCH, 1888.] UNIVERSITY ~IRCULA RS. 49 the words “Aspiro dum exspiro,” and on the other side the lines with Interesting accounts of the exercises have also appeared in The Critic, which Lanier closed his hymn to the Sun, in the first of the “Hymns of New York, February 11, the Literary World, Boston, February 18, 1888, the Marshes”: and in the Baltimore papers of February 4. A small volume, containing “Ever by day shall my spirit, as one that hath tried thee, the poems and letters read at the meeting, has heen prepared and isnow ready. Labor, at leisure, in art; till yonder, beside thee Two copies will be sold for one dollar, and twelve copies for five dollars. My soul shall float, friend Sun; The day being done,”

MARYLAND ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. Sketch of the History of the Maryland Academy of Much discussion took place between the members as to the future home Sciences. By P. R. UHLER. of the museum, and it soon became apparent to the citizens of Baltimore that an effort must be made to secure accommodations for the increasing [Prepared, at the request of President Gilman, at the time ofthe reception of the collec- collections, which already overflowed the apartments provided for them in tions of the Academy by the University.] the Chatard Building. Accordingly, in 1873, the Academy secured the The present Maryland Academy of Sciences is a successor, hut in no sense lease of a lot of ground on Mulberry Street, having a front of thirty feet by a direct descendant, of the Maryland Academy of Science and Literature. a depth of one hundred and fifty feet, from the University of Maryland and That institution was dissolved by common consent, and the specimens adjoining its large building. Subscriptions to a building fund were solicited belonging to its collections were parcelled out and distributed to such of from many prominent and wealthy citizens of Baltimore, who cordially the members as were willing to receive them. responded to the call, and those, added to contributions from members of Two or three only of these members joined the new society that was the Academy, raised the amount to about $3,000. This was sufficient to pay organized by Mr. Philip T. Tyson, Rev. John G. Morris, and associates. for the construction of a simple building seventy feet in length by thirty The chief spirit in originating the former Academy was Prof. Julius T. feet in width, which was deemed large enough for a first display of speci- Ducatel, a leading chemist of Baltimore, educated in Paris, who afterwards mens. It was hoped that additional money might be secured thereafter to became the State Geologist of Maryland. This gentleman was an ardent enlarge this building or to build another in accordance with future needs. lover of nature, and did much to excite a similar interest in those with The building was begun in the autumn of 1874, and was made ready for whom he became closely related. Among these was Mr. P. T. Tyson, who occupation by the opening of the new year, 1875. On the evening of the wiis destined to become his first and ablest assistant in conducting the office 18th of January, 1875, it was formally opened in the presence of about two work of the Geological Survey. Mr. Tyson was thus brought in relations hundred prominent and interested citizens ofBaltimore, who expressed much with most of the principal persons of Maryland who cultivated the natural pleasure at the prospect of having a permanent collection of carefully classi- sciences or were interested in developing the natural resources of the State. fied specimens in geology and natural history, ready for the free reference In May, 1855, several of these gentlemen, who were members of the of all who desired to consult them. Maryland Historical Society, formed a “Committee on Natural History’~ By means of a gallery placed around the entire wall, room was made for by act of that Society, and met fortnightly in one of its small rooms until numerous glazed cases, which accommodated great groups of specimens in the close of the year 1862. many branches of the animal kingdom. On both sides of the hall, large On the 22d of January, 1863, a meeting was held at the house of Mr. cases with glazed ends and doors held the collections of stuffed beasts and Philip T. Tyson, and the present Maryland Academy of Sciences was birds, of alcoholic or articulated reptiles and fish, while a case at the one organized by the adoption of a Constitution and the election of Mr. Tyson end held the corals and their allies, opposite to which were placed the col- as its President. The meetings of this organization were thenceforth held lection of Indian relics. At the inner end of the hall a vertical case held every fortnight at the house of some one of the members until April, 1867, series of the rocks and fossils representing each of the geological formations when they were transferred to the building of the University of Maryland of Maryland. In the cases on the gallery were arranged the collections of on Mulberry Street, nearly opposite the Cathedral. In 1867 an act of conchs and shells, the crustacea and nests of birds and insects, and all the incorporation was asked from the Legislature of Maryland, and this was varieties of insect architecture, beside the fungi, mosses, minerals, and a granted on the 1.5th of March of the same year. great collection of fossils from the western part of this State. The open By this time collections of natural history specimens and of books had so space in the middle of the room served as a place for the meetings of the accummulated at the rooms of the Academy, that it became necessary to Academy, and for public lectures. secure space for the accommodation of a museum. In 1868, a large room on Soon after removing the museum from the rooms on Charles Street, it was the third floor of the Chatard Building, at the southwest corner of Charles decided to restrict the objects placed on exhibition, in the new building, to and Lexington Streets, was rented by the Academy, and there were arranged such as belonged particularly to the State of Maryland. This plan was the first museum and library of the new organization. Through five years pursued thereafter, so that by the time of the centennial year, 1876, all of growing encouragement the members of the Academy, among whom were available space in the building was occupied by cases almost filled with several ofthe mostprominent physicians, surgeons, and professorsof thiscity, specimens illustrative of the Fauna and Flora of this State. worked to increase the collections of natural history. Piles of specimens In the spring of this year, the Centennial Commissioners of Maryland such as bones of whales, skulls of sawfish and porpoises, and fragments of appealed to the Academy to aid them in placing a full series of all the natural objects from all quarters of the earth, filled the tables at every principal natural productions of the State on exhibition in the State build- meeting. ing at the Centennial grounds in Philadelphia. This aid was freely granted. The more active members grouped themselves into sections, each of which The Commissioners appropriated $600 to pay for services in securing speci- took charge of one or two subjects to be investigated. At the next following mens of marbles, granites, and other building-stones of the State, also for meeting of the Academy a representative of each section gave a report of alcohol, and jars, to hold the fish and creatures belonging to its waters, and the more conspicuous or attractive objects referred thereto, and so the for preparing the requisite birds and animals. The appropriation not being interest of the Society was continually kept awake by the fresh material sufficient, it was increased to $900, and this sum enabled the officers and brought to its consideration. Curator of the Academy to fill out typical series of Maryland Natural His- This was the period of hasty accumulation, when the more impulsive and tory specimens, and to classify them in the Maryland State Building at the less experienced members were eager to amass an universal museum of vast Centennial exhibition. These collections were afterwards given to the extent, which should appeal, by its very size and comprehensiveness, to the Maryland Academy of Sciences, and contributed much toward completing local pride and patronage of the citizens of Baltimore. It was soon per- the Fauna of the State previously arranged in its Museum. ceived that such an establishment required large endowment and many Here, as elsewhere, the spirit of the time gave a new impulse to inquiry experienced naturalists to develop and make it useful, such as were far concerning natural history subjects, and a lame increase of membership was beyond the existing opportunities of the young Society. recorded in the Academy. The Curator or his assistant spent the greater 50 JOHNS hOPKINS [No. 64. part of the mild seasons in the field, searching for other forms of natural Presidents, Philip T. Tyson, 1867—70; Rev. John G. Morris, 1870—73; objects, and many strange species were thus brought to notice. Conse- Philip R. Uhler, 1873—84; Dr. Christopher Johnston, 1884-88. quently, before the expiration of the first “ten years’ lease” of the lot on Vice-Presidents: Rev. John G. Morris, 1867—70; Philip iR. Uhler, which the building stood, a most excellent display of the larger proportion 1870—73; Rev. John G. Morris, 1873—83; Dr. Powhatan Clark, 1883—88. of our Maryland Fauna and Flora was in the Academy’s Museum, open to Corresponding Secretaries: Rev. Edwin A. Dalrymple, 1867—81; Mendes every one. Cohen, 1882—84; Philip R. Uhler, 1884-88. Courses of free lectures, illustrated by specimens from the collections, Recording Secretaries: Dr. Charles C. Bombaugh, 1867—69; Dr. M. J. were given in the hall, both by members, and by professors in the Johns De Rosset, 1869; Dr. James B. Bean, 1870; Dr. John R. Ubler, 1870—71, Hopkins University. Some ofthese lectures were addressed to workingmen, and 1876—77; Rev. George A. Leakin, 1871—76, and 1877—78; Edward others to teachers, but the most numerous of all to the pupils of the public Stabler, Jr., 1878—88. schools. A large amount of hard work, manual as well as intellectual, was Treasurers: John W. Lee, 1867—74; Charles L. Oudesluys, 1874—86; done to make these lectures and explanations pleasing a.nd instructive, and William Canby, 1886—88. they were generally attended by earnest audiences which completely filled Librarians: Dr. A. Snowden Piggot, 1867—69; Dr. G. Lane Taneyhill, the ball. 1869—73; Anthony M. Smith, 1873—80; George L. Smith, 1880—82; Octa- Persons from all parts of the State visited tbe museum, and were often vius Oudesluys, 1882—83 and 1884-85; Hunt MI. Thom, 1883—84; Edwin assisted to obtain information about natural objects which had excited their Blackburn, 1885—88. interest at home. Curators: Philip R. Uhler, 1867—69; Dr. Ferdinand E. Chatard, Jr., In 1883, the city of Baltimore passed an act to extend Cathedral street; 1869—70, and 1875—77; Philip T. Tyson, 1870—75; Dr. Russell Murdoch, the building of tbe Academy being in the way of this improvement, a part 1877—78; Rev. John M. Holmes, 1878—79; Arthur Resler, 1879—81; Otto of it was removed to give sufficient width to the street. Accordingly the Lugger, 1881—86; George L. Smith, 1886—88. building was sold by the city, together with the parcel of ground on which Reporting Secretaries: H. M. F. Stamp, 1870—72; Charles L. Oudesluys, it stood, and the Academy not being able to bay both, lost the home 1872—73; Edward Stabler, Jr., 1873—78 and 1880—88; Joseph Merrefield, which it had enjoyed for so many years. 1878—79; Peter G. Sanerwein, 1879—80. The cases and collections were then removed to rooms in the basement of With regard to the specimens conveyed to the Johns Hopkins University, the Athenteum building, rented from the Maryland Historical Society. In it seems proper to enumerate some of the more valuable or interesting. these the specimens were displayed as well as the space would permit; but Among the very first of these we would place the young Fin-Back Whale the apartments were too dark and gloomy for efficient use, and members captured in the lower part of Chesapeake Bay, the money for securing of the Academy, as well as other persons, soon became dissatisfied with the which was generously given to the Academy by the lateWilliam H. Graham inadequate accommodations of the place, and gradually gave up coming to at the solicitation of Dr. Russell Murdoch. More than one hundred dollars examine the specimens. were spent for cleaning the skeleton on the bay shore where it was stranded In 1884, the Academy was solicited by the Maryland State Commissioners and for transporting it to the museum on Mulberry Street. of the New Orleans Cotton Exposition to allow its collections to be taken to Next may be noticed a collection of Silurian and Devonian fossils from that city, to aid the display of the State of Maryland. In an evil hour, Alleghany County, determined by Prof. James Hall, of Albany, bought from permission was generously given, and a contract was executed to secure the Mr. G. Andrews, ofCumberland, and presented to the Academy by Mr. John specimens and to have them returned in as good condition as when taken W. McCoy. It embraces many large specimens offucoids and corals, several away, with their labels a.nd attachments intact. The specimens were taken slabs with impressions of the Cauda Galli, numerous Brachiopods, and some to New Orleans, and constituted an exhibit which was a matter of great Trilobites. With these were also some fine Ammonites, Ophiurans, and pride to many of our citizens, and a pleasure to multitudeswho visited them other fossils from the Jurassic beds of England. A very large slab, bearing there. This, however, did not prevent a neglect to fulfil the conditions of ripple-marks, was also secured with the series from near Cumberland. A agreement between the Commissioners and the Academy. No proper sense considerable portion of this collection was not returned from the New of responsibility was displayed by the authorities in charge of the specimens Orleans Exhibition. at the Exposition; theboxes were notlabelled with the name ofthe Academy, Other important objects are the skull, teeth, broken tusks, ribs, and some so as to be recognized as its property; a large number of the specimens were other parts of the skeleton of the American fossil elephant, dug from a never returned to the society; and the labels were removed or lostfrom such marsh in Oxford Neck, Talbot County, and presented by Mr. Kirby, who as were sent back. owned the property on which they were found. A broken skull, with frag- Such a disheartening ruin has rarely occurred to a public institution; and ments of bones, from another specimen of this same species of elephant, such a breach of confidence is grievous beyond expression. were brought from the farm of Col. Edward Wilkins, near Chestertown. After several appeals to the Legislature of Maryland, and to the City Besides these, there was also a tooth of the American mastodon, from an Council of Baltimore, for pecuniary aid in securing a permanent building for unknown locality. its valuable collections, and failing to receive a favorable response, the Acad- Rarest, of great value and still unrepresented in any other collection, are emy determined to give up further attempts to establish a public museum. the stumps of Cycads presented to the Academy by Mr. P. T. Tyson. All Upon consulting the President of the Johns Hopkins University, the of these were taken from the Upper Jurassic clays of Maryland. One committee representing the Academy were met with a cordial response, specimen came from the iron-ore beds of Mr. J. D. Latchford, near Muir- which encouraged them to offer the entire collection of natural history kirk, a second from the vicinity of Hyattsville, and a third from similar specimens, glass cases, and other appurtenances, to the Johns Hopkins clays next the shore of the Patapsco River at the Spring Gardens, south of University. The gift was cordially accepted, and the property speedily Baltimore. transferred to the buildings ofthe University. Fine and dressed specimens of all the commercial granites of the State Once more the city is left without a public museum of natural history were also present. These included cubes of the stone from Port Deposit, objects; but the higher education loses nothing thereby, for the greater from Guilford, Ellicott City, Woodstock, and from near Granite Postoffice. part of this large assemblage of choice and representative material will be A large and finely-polished example of the so-called Precious Serpentine, employed in the education of those who are fitted by nature and training from the vicinity of Broad Creek, Harford County, and smaller pieces of to profit by the use of such important aids to knowledge and culture. the paler green, translucent variety of the same rock, from Cecil County, The Academy does not dissolve because of this disposition of the col- were added to these series. The collection also embraced Breccias, well lections. An opportunity is now secured to go forward in publishing the polished, from the quarries in the Triassic sandstone at Mechanicstown, manuscript materials which have been accumulating for years in its records and other varieties of the same rock from the vicinity of Frederick City and archives; and perhaps the future work done by the members will be and from the ledges near Adamstown, in Frederick County. Other more correctly measured by the value of the productions issued in printed marbles ofvarious kinds—some of them unusually rich in color and pattern form. of marking, of the wine-red, purple, rose-pink, salmon-yellow, black, and No full list of the officers of the Academy has ever been printed. The white-veined, of several different types of grain—were represented from list is as follows: — Carroll, Frederick, and Washington Counties. Examples of the fl~gstones MARCH, 1888.] UNIVERSITY (‘11WULAI?S. 51

from the South Mountain, near Boonshoro’; also, the various sandstones minerals and most of the sands and clays of Maryland which have been and slates, the white marbles from Baltimore County, and the statuary mar- employed in the arts. Among the latter were examples of the pure white bles from the farm of Mr. Rinehart near Double Pipe Creek in Frederick sand and clay from Mr. Speer’s cliffs, on the Severn River, and the Notting- county, were included. ham diatomaceous sand-rock from the bluff at the mouth of Lyons Creek, The chief reptiles and amphibia, and the shells of mollusca from many on the Patuxent River. parts of the State—terrestrial, fluviatile, and marine, and most of the species It might he tedious to enumerate the names and localities of a great of fishes from all the hydrographic areas of Maryland and her sea-coast were proportion of the collections now placed at the disposal of the professors in present. Likewise, there was a series of the crayfish from many of the the University; so it will suffice to notice only the nearly complete collection rivers, lakes, and estuaries of the State, as represented by five species of of bird’s eggs of Maryland; and the series of typical rocks of Continental Cambarus with their several varieties. Besides the foregoing, there were Europe, purchased by Dr. F. E. Chatard, Jr., from the agency at Freiberg in numerous fossils from the sedimentary geological formations,many of ~which Saxony. were collected by Mr. Philip T. Tyson from the cretaceous green-sands of The stuffed specimens of mammals and birds, and the collections of insects, Bohemia River and vicinity, on the Eastern Shore, and from both sides of were too badly mutilated by moths and the larvae of beetles to be of value Prince George’s County, on the Western Shore. From the same source to the University, and consequently only a few of the rarer types of birds, came also multitudes of fossil shells, with some sharks’ teeth, dug from the such as the Little Auk and Eider Duck, were sent to the Biological Eocene and Miocene marly and sandy strata of Charles, Prince George’s, Laboratory. St. Mary’s, and Calvert Counties. Especially may be mentioned the large Before sending the collections to New Orleans, the contents ofthe museum, Ostrea compressirostra from the region of Piscataway Creek, the Perna and including the glass cases which cost $2,000, were estimated to be worth Pectens from Forest’s Landing, on the Patuxent River, and the bones of $8,000. Altogether, the collections as now existing form an important porpoises, with the shells of mollusks, from the strata near Cove Point, on foundation upon which to build a knowledge of the past and present Fauna the Chesapeake Bay shore. of the State of Maryland. Besides the foregoing, there may be noticed a representative series of the

LECTURES IN HOPKINS HALL AT 5 P. M.

COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF SOME OF TilE thought—Formation of the distich—Meaning of elegos and character of the earliest elegy—Periods in the history of the elegy—(l) The early elegy, PROBLEMS OF MODERN CITIES. 700—500—(2) The Attic elegy, an intermediate stage—(3) The Alexandrian period. 1. Friday, March 2. Introduction to the course by Hon. Carroll D. The Martial Elegy: Tyrtaeus—Literary supremacy of Sparta in the Wright (Director of the Bureau of Labor, Department of the Interior, seventh century B. c.—His Eanomia and Hypothecae—Tyrtaeus a mirror of Washington), Professor H. B. Adams, and President Gilman. Spartan spirit. 2. Tuesday, lifarch 6. Housing of Labor.—1. The Tenement House, by The Erotic Elegy: Mimnermus—Dechine of Ionic genius—Anticipation Dr. E. R. L. Gould, Expert, U. S. Bureau of Labor. in Mimnermus of the Alexandrian and of the Roman elegy—Pessimism of Mimnermus—Melody of his verse. 3. Friday, March 9.—Systems of Municipal Organization, by Dr. Wood- The Political and Gnomic Elegy: I. SOLON—The first Attic poet—His row Wilson, Associate Professor of History at Bryn Mawr College. poetry a history of the condition of Athens at the opening of the sixth cen- 4. Tuesday, March 13. Housing of Lahor.—2. The Detached Dwelling, tury B. c.—Story of his life with reference to his elegies Salamis and Address by Dr. E. R. L. Gould. to the Athenians—Character of his reforms—Solon and Croesus—Opposition 5. Friday, March 16. The Government of Cities, by Dr. Woodrow to Peisistratus—His Meditations—The Ten Ages of Man—The seven wise Wilson. men—Place in Greek poetry: II. TzrEoaNIs—Representative of the highest 6. Tuesday, March 20. On Taxation, by Dr. R. T. Ely, Associate Pro- stage of Hellenic ethics in the pro-Socratic period—His life and times— fessor of Political Economy. Strife of parties in Megara at the close of the sixth century—Theognis the 7. Friday, March 23. Scientific Charity in Large Cities, by Mr. A. G. poet of the Done aristocracies—Miscellaneous character of the elegies pre- Warner, of the Charity Organization Society of Baltimore. served under his name—Survey of their contents. S. Tuesday, Ma.rch 27. Public Parks and Recreation Grounds, hy Dr. III. Monday, March 19. ALcAEUS AND SArrno. E. R. L. Gould. Differences in the character of the poetical genius of the Ionic, Doric and 9. Tuesday, April 3. Amusements and Institutions Supplementary to Aeohic races — Aeolic poetry personal in character — Its province impas- Schools and Churches, by Dr. E. R. L. Gould. sioned feeling — Isolated position of Aeohic poetry in the history of the 10. Friday, April 6. The Condition of Working Women in Cities, by Greek lyric. ALcABUs—not the apostle of liberty—State of Lesbos at the Hon. Carroll D. Wright. close of the seventh century as reflected in Alcaeus’ political odes—Alcaeus an opponentof Pittacus—His drinking songs—Relation to Sappho. SAPPHO —life—Love for Phaon and the leap from the Leucadian cliff—Examina- LECTURES ON GREEK LYRICAL POETRY, tion of this legend—Different views of Sappho’s character—Her love for the beauties of nature—Fame in antiquity—Representations in art—Her fly T±EerbertWeir Smyth, Ph. D. school in Lesbos and relations to her pupils — Coalescence of passion and Reader in Greek Literature. dignity in her poetry—The Hymn to Aphrodite and the Ode to Anactoria— Decline of Aeolic poetry in Anacreon. I. Monday, March 12. CHARAcTERISTIcS OF GREEK LYRICAL POETRY: ARcrnLOdHus. IV. Thursday, March 22. SIMONIDES AND PINDAR. The Greek lyric free from artificiality—Meaning of the term lyric—Greek Aeolic song fails to turn the current of lyrical poetry—Rise of a national music—Relatiou of epic to lyrical poetry—Two classes: (1) Lyric of the poetry—Causes—Union of the Greek states at the time of the Persian elementary feelings, both ancient and modern—(2) Modern lyric—Illus- wars—Enlarged opportunities and dignity of the poet. trations from Archilochus and Shelley—Scope of modern as contrasted SEMONIDES of Ceos (556—467)—Activity of the Greeks of the islands— with that of ancient lyric—Simplicity of thought and expression in ancient Simonides at the courts of the tyrants of Athens—Relations to the times—Beginnings oflyrical poetry in Greece—Decline of the epic—A new tyrants—Stay in Thessaly—Encomium on Scopas—Versatihity of Simonides period in Greek life represented by the lyric—Division into personal and —Residence at Athens—Simonides the public voice of Greece after the universal lyric—Remarks upon iambic, elegiac and mehic poetry—Value of overthrow of the Persians—Epigrams on those who fell in the struggle— an approach to Greek life through the lyrists. Simonides at the court of the Sicilian despots—Universal character of his AacrnLodllus. Life and character — The earliest satirist of Greece — lyrics—his pathos—The Lament of Danac. Place accorded to him by the ancients—Impulse given to the development PINDAR (521—441)—Birth and education — Corinna’s advice— Legends of Greek metrical systems—Iambic verse—Introduction of the epode and connected with his life—Praise of Athens—Story of his death compared fable—Rapid decline of iambic poetry. with that of other poets—Varied character of his poetry—The epinicia— The great games of Greece—Their glory enhanced by a development in II. Thursday, March 15. THE GREEK ELEGY. the history of plastic art—Description of the Pythian games—Cowley and The Greek elegy not mournful—Coleridge’s definition of elegy—Modern Coleridge on translating Pindar—Pindar’s style—His velocity—The four- conception—Greek conception—Position occupied by the elegy in lyrical teenth Olympian—Pindar’s conception of religion, of the gods, and of the poetry—The elegy the offspring of changed conditions in Greek life and life after death.—Threnos on the heroes in Elysium. 62 JOHNS hOPKiNS [No. 64.

ENUMERATION OF CLASSES, SECOND HALF-YEAR, 1887-88.

Mathematics. (74 Students). Physics. (82 Students). Classes meet in the Physical Laboratory. Classes meet in the Physical Laboratory. Spherical and Practical Astronomy: (Chauvenet): Professor Physical Optics: Professor ROWLAND. Four times weekly, Mon- NEWCOMB. Twice weekly, Tuesday and Thursday, 1 p. m. (10). day, Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday, 10 a. m. (5). Bell. Gorton. Miller, K. Norwood. Daniel. Jayne. Murray, D. A. Todd, H. D. Ames, J. S. Daniel. Hutchinson. Wilkes. Richelberger. Metzler. Bell. Dioptrics: Professor NEWCOMB. Twice weekly, Tuesday and Thurs- Electricity and Magnetism: (First Year’s Course): Dr. DUNCAN. day,3p.m. (7). Three times weekly, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, 11 a. m. (12). Bell. Richelberger. Jayne. Norwood. Bedell. Du Pont. Hutchinson. Todd, F. C. Cox, F. P. Howard, B. C. Jayne. Wiegand. Daniel. Gorton. Murray, D. A. Daniel. Hull. Taylor, F. W. Wilkes. Introductory Course for Graduates: Dr. STORY. Section A (Mechanics, Higher Plane Curves, Quaternions, Finite Differ- Electricity and Magnetism: (Second Year’s Course): Dr. DUNCAN. Twice weekly, Tuesday and Thursday, 11 a. m. (7). ences, Probabilities, and Elliptic Functions). Three times weekly, Mon- Bedell. Todd, F. C. day, Wednesday, and Friday, 9 a. m. (8). Hutchinson. ‘,Vilkes. Cox, F. P. Jayne. Wiegand. Chapman. Hutchinson. Miller, K. Murray, D. A. Gaines. Loomis. Miller,W. H. Wilkes. Major Cou~’se: Dr. KIMBALL. Daily, 12 m. (20). Ballard. Gill. Loomis. Moulton. Section B (Theory of Numbers, Modern Algebra, Surfaces, and Twisted Brigham. Hobbs. Macauley. Murray, B. A. Curves). Twice weekly, Tuesday and Thursday, 9 a. m. (5). Bromwell. howard, B. C. Miller, K. Norwood. Gaines. Miller, K. Miller, W. H. Murray, B. A. Carey. Jewell. Miller,W. H. Stow. Gaines. Loomis. Jones, W. Millis. White, J. Symbolic Logic: Dr. STORY. Twice weekly, Tuesday and Thursday, Minor Course: Dr. KIMBALL. Daily, 10 a. m. (45). 11 a. m. (6). Ames, B. Faust, B. S. Moale. Sadtler. Chapman. Fields. Metzler. Peed. Ames, J. McE. Gieske. Murray, A. C. Shipley. Barnett. Hancock. Murray,John B. Spence. Fichelberger. Gorton. Bechtel. Hoffman, C. Oppenheimer. Stokes. Advanced Analytic Geometry: Dr. STORY. Three times weekly, Black. Knower. Owens. Taylor, F. W. Brown, H. M. Lanier, B. B. Passano. Turner, B. F. Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, 11 a. m. (5). Brown, T. M. Levering. Powell, S. L. Ulimaun. Chapman. Gorton. Metzler. Peed. Cameron. Madero. Rector. White, E. L. Caskin. Mansfield. Retiger. Whitridge, T. Elehelberger. Cone. Marden, T. B. Reymaun. Wright. Mathematical Seminary: Dr. STORY. Weekly, Thursday, 12 m. Daish. McDowell, E. Rosenthal. Zug. (5). Berries. Eiehelberger. Metzler. Peed. Taber. Laboratory Work: Professor ROWLAND, Dr. KIMBALL, Dr. DUN- Gorton. CAN, and Dr. CREW. (73). Linear Differential Equations: (Jordan): Dr. CRAIG. Three Ames, B. Daniel. Madero. Rettger. times weekly, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, 10 a. m. (4). Ames, J. McE. Berries. Marden, T. B. Reymann. Chapman. Fields. Norwood. Peed. Ames, J. S. Du Pont. McDowell, E. Rosenthal. Ballard. Faust, E. S. Metaler. Sadtler. Elliptic Functions: (Jordan): Dr. CRAIG. Twiceweekly, Tuesday Barnett. Flack. Miller, K. Shipley. Bechtel. Gaines. Miller, W. H. Spence. and Thursday, 9 a. m. (2). Bedell. Gieske. Millis. Stokes. Eichelherger. Gorton. Bell. Hancock. Moale. Stow. Black. Himowich. Moulton. Taylor, F. W. Differential Equations: Major Course: (Forsyth): Dr. CRAIG. Brigham. Hoffman, C. Murray, A. C. Todd, F. C. Two sections: three times weekly, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, 11 Bromwell. Howard, B. C. Murray, B. A. Ulimaun. a. in.; twice weekly, Tuesday and Thursday, 12 m. (13). Brown, H. M. Hutchinson. Murray,’John B. Van Kirk. Brown, T. M. Jayne. Oppenheimer. White, E. L. Bedell. Hull, R. C. Millis. Roazel. Cameron. Jones, W. Owens. White, J. Daniel. Loomis. Murray, B. A. Stow. Carey. Knower. Passano. Wiegand. Gaines. Miller, K. Passano. Wiegand. Caskin. Lanier, B. B. Peed. Wilkes. Green. Cone. Loomis. Powell, S. L. Wright. Cox, F. P. Macauley. Rector. Zug. Problems in Miechanics: Dr. FRANKLIN. Twiceweekly, Tuesday Daish. and Thursday, 9 a. m. (4). Chapman. Hutchinson. Peed. Wilkes. Solid Analytic Geometry: (Salmon): Dr. FRANKLIN. Twice weekly, Tuesday and Thursday, 11 a. m. (8). Chemistry. (113 Students). Gaines. Hancock. Murray, D. A. Roazel. Classes meet in the Chemical Laboratory. Green. Loomis. Passano. Taylor, F. W. Differential and Integral Calculus: (Todhunter): Dr. FRANK- Theoretical Chemistry: (For Graduate Students): Professor REM- LIN. Three times weekly, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, 11 a. m. SEN. Twiceweekly, Tuesday and Wednesday, 12 m. (24). (10). Barnett. Be Roode. Leugfeld. Rector. Blackahear. Dohme. Linn. Rich. Cox, F. P. Loomis. Passano. Stow. Brewer. Edmond. Metcalf. Richardson. Daniel. Millis. Roszel. Todd, H. B. Burton, W.M. Grahasn, R. 0. Mindeleff. Tower. Flack. Moulton. Coates. Herty. Parks. Willard. Analytic Geometry and Calculus: (Newcomb’s Calculus): Dr. Dashiell. Kastle. Randall. Williams, L. B. FRANKLIN. Daily, 1 p. m. (20). Reviews in the Chemistr?, of the Compounds of Carbon: Bernhard. Gray. Madero. Parlato. (For Graduate Students): Professor REMSEN. Weekly, Monday, 12 m. Browne, W. H. Harrison, R. G. Metcalf. Shipley. (10). Cameron. Howard, B. C. Murray, A. C. Strauss, M. Edes. Jewell. Newcomer. Warren, H. A. Barnett. Coates. Metcalf. Rector. Franklin, B.A. Keidel. Owens. Wolf. Blackshear. Dashiell. Parks. Willard. Brewer. Herty. Analytic Geometry: (Newcomb): Mr. GORTON. Friday and alter- nate Tuesdays, 10 a. m. (17). Historical Lectures: By the Instructors and advanced students. Weekly, Thursday, 12 m. (20). Bryan. Jenkins. Randolph, A. M. Straus, I. L. Carson, W. H. Johnston. Ringer. Thacher. Barnett. Be Roode. Kastle. Randall. Detwiler. McKinney. Shriver. Towson. Blackshear. Bohme. Lengfeld. Rich. Graham, J. Morris. Smith, S. K. Whitridge, W. Burton, W. H. Edmund. Liun. Richardson. Guy. Coates. Graham, R. 0. Mindeleff. Willard. Dashiell. Herty. Parks. Williams, L. B. Trigonometry: (Wheeler): Mr. EICHELBERGER. Twice weekly, Monday and Thursday, 10 a. m. (17). Reviews in General Chemistry: (For Graduate Students): Dr. RENOUF. Twice weekly, Monday and Tuesday, 11 a. m. (17). Bryan. Jenkins. Randolph, A. M. Smith, S. K. Carson, W. H. Johnston. Ringer. Straus, I. L. Adair. Dashiell. Metcalf. Smith, J. H. Detwiler. Lee. Shriver. Thacher. Allen, B. T. Dobme. Mixer. Tower. Graham, J. Morris. Smiley. Towson. Ames, J. S. Herty. Parks. Turner, G. H. Guy. Barnett. Linn. Rector. Willard. Brewer. MARCH, 1888.] UNIVERSITY CIRO ULABS. 53

Chemistry of the Compounds of Carbon: (Major course): Mineralogy and Geology. Dr. WILLIAMs and Dr. CLAIt~. Professor REMSEN. Twice weekly, Thursday and Friday, 9 a. in. (62). (25 Students). Aht. Carey. Jones, W. Patek. Adair. Coates. Lamb. Rector. Mineralogy: Lectures. Three times weekly, Wednesday, Thursday, Ames, J. MeE. Colemsn. Lazear. Reid. Ames, J. S. Cooke, T. Lewis, H. S. Rettger. and Friday, 11 a. in. Practical work and Quiz, weekly, Friday, 2—S Ballard. Cox,E.M. Macauley. Richardson. p.m. (22). Barnett. Dashiell. Mann. Smith, J. H. Bernhard. Eareckson. Mansfield. Taylor, R. T. (Classes meet in Lecture.room C, Chemical Laboratory). Bibbins. Edes. Metcalf. Turner, B. F. Allen, E. T. De Roode. Hobbs. Moulton. Billings. Risendrath. Millikin. Turner, G. M. Atkinson. liobme. Kastle. Parks. Blackahear. Emery. Millis. IJilmaun. Barnett. Gill. Lengfeld. Rich. Bolgiano. Gilpin. Moore, G. N. Watson, W. T. Blackahear. Graham, R. 0. Linn. Richardson. Brewer. Harrison, R.G. Morgsn, T. H. White, J. Coates. Haworth. Mixer. Tower. Brigham. Henschen. Moulton. Wightman,A. C. Bashiell. Herty. Bromwell. Herty. ODonovan. Willard. Browne, A. L. Hodge, E. R. Parks. Wright. Geology: Lectures. Three times weekly, Wednesday, Thursday, and Burrough. Jones, H. C. Friday, 9 a. in. (10). Advanced Inorganic Chemistry: (Major course): Dr. MORSE. (Classes meet in the Geological Building, 610 N. Howard St.) Twiceweekly, Monday and Tuesday, 9 a. in. (37). Burton,W. M. Gill. Hobbs. Williams, L. E. Be Roode. Graham, R.0. Lengfeld. Wright, C. E. Aht. Carey. lodge, E. R. OBonovan. Bobme. Haworib. Ames, J. McE. Cooke, T. Jones, H. C. Palek. Ballard. Cox, E. M. Jones, W. Rector. Laboratory Work: (a) Daily, 9 a. in. to 5 p. in. (5). Bernhard. Eareckson. Lazear. Reid. Billings. Edes. Lewis, H. S. Taylor, R. T. Gill. Hobbs. Mixer. Wright, C. E. Bolgiano. Elsendrath. Macauley. Turner, B. F. Haworth. Brigham. Emery. Mann. Watson, W. F. Bromwell. Harrison, R. G. Mansfield. White, J. (b) Weekly, three hours. (6). Browne, A. L. Hensehen. Millikin. Wright. Burton, W. M. Dohme. Burrough. Be Roode. Graham, R. ~. Lengfeld. Williams, L. E. General Inorganic Chemistry: (Minor Course): Professor REM- SEN. Three times weekly, Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, 9 a. in. (46). Ames, D. Henderson, E. C. Moale. Robinson. Brown, T. M. Jones, W. A. MurrayJolin D. Roszel. Biology. (59 Students). Caskin. King. Newcomer. Sadiler. Cone. Knower. Oppenheimer. Stokes. Classes meet in the Biological Laboratory. Faust, A. B. Lanier, B. B. Parlato. Tarleton. Faust, E. S. Madero. Powell, S. L. Taylor, W. H. Physiology of the Peripheral Nervous System: (Herman; Friedenwald, H. Marden, T. B. Reader. Warren, H.A. Ilandbuch d. Physiologie, Bd. II’): Professor MARTIN. Weekly, Tues- Gildersleeve, R.C. McDowell, E. Reeves. Zug. Gunther. Middleton. Reymann. day, 10 a. in. (11). Applegarth. Breyer. Hemmeter. Nelson. (In addition the following advanced students are attending the lectures.) Campbell. Edwards. Hedge, C. F. Wightman, A. C. Adair. Lamb. Parks. Turner, G. M. Coleman. Friedenwald, J. Kemp. Barnett. Metcalf. Smith, J. H. Willard. Brewer. Millis. Tower. Physiological Readings: Professor MARTIN. Weekly, Thursday, 10 a. in. (10). Reviews in the Chemistry of the Compounds of Carbon: Applegartli. Breyer. lodge, C. F. Nelson. (Major Course): Dr. RENOUF. Weekly, Wednesday, 9 a. in. (36). Campbell. Friedenwald, 3. Kemp. Wightman, A. C. Abi. Burrough. Henschen. ODonovan. Coleman. Hemmeter. Ames, J. McE. Carey. Jones, H. C. Patek, Ballard. Cooke, T. Jones, W. Rector. General Biology: Professor MARTIN. Three times weekly, Mon- Bernhard.. Cox, E. M. Lazear. Reid. day, Wednesday, and Friday, 10 a. in. (30). Billings. Eareckson. Lewis, H. S. Taylor, R T. Aht. Cox, E. M. Henschen. Lingle. Bolgiano. Edes. Macauley. Turner, B. F. Adair. Eareckson. Himowich. Mann. Brigham. Elsendrath. Mann. Watson, W. T. Bernhard. Eckert. Hodge, C. F. Millikin. Bromwell. Emery. Mansfield. White J. Bihhins. Edes. Hodge, E. H. Patek. Browne, A. L. Harrison, R. G. Millikin. Wright. Billings. Elsendrath. Jones, H. C. Taylor, R. F. Bolgiano. Fernald. Lazear. Tracy. Reviews in General Chemistry: (Minor Course): Dr. RENOTJF. Browne, A. L. Foster. Twice weekly, Thursday and Friday, 9 a. in. (35). Cooke, F. Harrison, R. G. Lewis, H. S. Watson, W. F. Ames, D. Henderson, E.C. Moale. Robinson. Advanced Morphology: Dr. BRooKs. Weekly, Monday, 9 a. in. Brown, T. M. Jones, W. A. Murray,John D. Roazel. (14). Caskin. King. Newcomer. Sadtler. Cone. Knower. Oppenheimer. Stokes. Andrews. Edwards. lodge, C. F. Watase. Faust, A. B. Lanier, B. B. Parlato. Tarleton. Applegarth. Fernald. Morgan, T. H. Wightman, A. C. Faust, E. S. Madero. Powell, S. L. Taylor, XV. H. Campbell. Friedenwald, 3. Nelson. Wilson. Friedenwald, H. Marden, T. B. Reader. Warren, H. A. Breyer. Herrick. Gildersteeve, R.C. McDowell, E. Reeves. Zug. Gunther. Middleton. Reymann. General Zoology: Dr. BROOKS. Twiceweekly, Tuesday and Thurs- day, 11 a. in. (25). Laboratory Work: Professor IREMSEN, Dr. MORSE and Dr.RE- Campbell. Friedenwald, 3. Mann. Rettger. NOUF. (105). Coleman. Gieske. Mansfield. Simon. Crawford. Gilpin. Moore, G. N. Tracy. Aht. Be Roode. Lanier, B. B. Randall. Breyer. Herrick. Morgan, T. H. Turner, B. F. Adair. Dohine. Lazear. Reader. Edwards. Hedge, C. F. Nelson. Watase. Allen, E. T. Breyer. Lengfeld. Rector. Ames, ID. Eareckson. Liun. Reeves. Fearn. Lingle. OBonovan. Wilson. Ames, J. McE. Edes. Macauley. Reid. Fernald. Ames, J. S. Edmond. Madero. Reymann. Morphological Problems: Dr. BROOKS. Alternate Fridays, 9 Ballard. Elsendrath. Mann. Rich. Barnett. Emery. Mansfield. Richardson. a. us. (10). Bernhard. Faust, A. B. Marden, T. B. Robinson. Andrews. Friedenwald, 3. Morgan, F. H. Watase. Bibbins. Faust, E. S. McDowell, E. Roazel. Edwards. Herrick. Nelson. Wilson. Billings. Friedenwald, H. Metcalf. Sadtler. Fernald. Hedge, C. F. Blackahear. Gilderaleeve, R. C. Middleton. Smith, J. H. Bolgiano. Graham, R. 0. Millikin. Stokes. Animal Physiology: Dr. HOWELL. Lectures three times weekly, Brewer. Gunther. Mindeleff. Tarleton. Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, 11 a. us. Laboratory work twice Brigham. Harrison, R. G. Mixer. Taylor, H. T. Bromwell. Henderson, E. C. Moale. Taylor, W. H. weekly, Monday and Tuesday, 2 to 5 p. in. (13). Brown, T. M. Benachen. Moore, G. N. Tower. Fearn. Himowich. Moore, G. N. Simon. Browne, A. L. Herty. Moulton. Turner, B. F. Fernald. Lingle. OBonovan. Tracy. Burrough. Hedge, E. R. Murray,John B. Tnrner, G. M. Gieske. Mansfield. Rettger. Turner, B. F. Burton,W. M. Jones, H. C. Newcomer. Warren, H. A. Gupta. Carey. Jones, W. ODonovan. Watson, W. T. Caskin. Jones, W. A. Oppenheimer. White, J. Comparative Osteology: (Huxley): Dr. ANDREWS. Twiceweekly, Coates. Kastle. Parks. Willard. Tuesday and Thursday, 10 a. in. (30). Cone. King. Parlato. Williams, L. E. Cooke, T. Knower. Patek. Wright. Abt. Cox, E. M. Harrison, R. G. Lingle. Cox EM. Lamb. Powell, S. L. Zug. Adair. Crawford. Henschen. Mann. Bashiell. Bernhard. Eareckson. Himowich. Millikin. Bibbins. Eckert. Hodge, E. R. Patek. Billings. Edes. Jones, H. C. Taylor, H. T. Bolgiano. Eisendrath. Lazear. Tracy. Browne, A. L. Fernald. Lewis, H. S. Watson, W. F. Cooke, F. Foster. 54 JOHNS HOPKINS [No. 64.

General Biology: (Laboratory Work): Dr. ANDREWS. Twiceweekly, Critical Interpretation of the Gospels: Mr. ARNOLT. Weekly, Thursday and Friday, 2 to 5 p m. (24). Friday, 3—5 p. in. (6). Abt. Browne, A. L. Foster. Lazear. Allen, E. P. Fristoe. Lamm. Schloegel. Adair. Cooke, T. Harrison, H. G. Mann. Bernhard. Cox, E. M. Henschen. Millikin. Downs. Hatcher. Bibbins. Eareckson. Himowich. Patek. Prose Composition: Billings. Edes. Hodge, E. H. Taylor, H. T. Bolgiano. Elsendrath. Jones, H. C. Watson, W. T. Class A: Dr. SMYTH Weekly, Monday, 12 in. (11). Laboratory Work: Professor MARTIN, Dr. BROOKS, Dr. HOWELL, Baghy. Culver. Palmer. Sterling. Baughman. Goodwin. Roberts, J. T. Thomas,W. S. and Dr. ANBREWS. Daily, 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. (56). Bignell. Newball. Snowden. Abt. Cox, E. M. Harrison, A. C. Moore, G. N. Adair. Crawford. Harrison, R. tI. Morgan, T. H. Class B: Dr. SPIEKER. Weekly, Monday, 11 a. in. (12). Applegarth. Dreyer. Hemmeter. Nelson. Bernhard. Eareckson. Henschen. ODonovan. Carson, H. E. Lewis, C. S. Morris. Shriver. Bibbins. Eckert. Herrick. Patek. Carson, W. H. Littlefield. Morrison. Spence. Billings. Edes. Himowich. Rettger. Cook, V. McKinney. Oebm. Zeigler. Binion. Edwards. Hodge, C. F. Simon. Bolgiano. Eisendrath. Hodge, E. R. Taylor, H. T. Class C: Dr. SPIEKER. Weekly, Monday, 12 in. (9). Browne, A. L. Fearn. Jones, H. C. Tracy. Campbell. Fernald. Lazear. Turner, B. F. Detwiler. Johnston. Smiley. Stokes. Carswell. Foster. Lewis, H. S. Watase. Faust, A. B. Lee. Smith, S. K. Towson. Coates. Friedenwald, J Lingle. Watson, W. T. Graham, J. Coleman. Gieske. Mann. Wightman, A. C. Cooke, T. Gilpin. Millikin. Wi1son.

Latin. (67 Students). Pathology. (14 Students). Classes meet in the Front Building, Rooms 3 and 7. Classes meet in the Pathological Laboratory. Latin Seminary: (Terence): Dr. WARREN. Twice weekly, Tues- day and Friday, 11 a. in. (17). Pathological Histology: Professor WELCH and Dr. COUNCILMAN. Baden. Hatfield. Milroy. Roberts, 5. T. Three times weekly, Monday, 10 a. m. to 1 p. in., Wednesday and Fri- Clarke, H. Hendrickson. Moore, J. L. Robertson,J.Cb. day, 2.30 to 5 p. in. (6). Ebeling. Lamberton. Newball. Robertson,J. Cu. Goodwin. Lees. Reynolds. Smith, K. W. Ard. Friedenwald, J. Kemp. Thomas, F. S. Harry. Brooks, II. T. Hobach. Bacteriology: Professor WELCH and Dr. BOLTON. Daily, 2 to 5 Latin Epigraphy: Dr. WARREN. Weekly, Thursday, 11 a. in. (15). p.m. (3). Baden. Hendrickson. Newball. Robertson,J.Cu. Brooks, H. T. Chambers. Gavin. Clarke,H. Lamberton. Reynolds. Scribner. Ebeling. Milroy. Roberts, 5. T. Smith, K. W. Laboratory Work. (Engaged in special investigation) (6). Hatfield. Moore, 5. L. Robertson,J.Cb. Booker. Mall. Randolph, ii. Steinberg. Readings in Aulus Gellius: Dr. WARREN. Weekly, Monday, Haisted. Miller, C. 0. 11 a. in. (17). Baden. Hatfield. Milroy. Roberts, 5. T. Bechtel. Hendrickson. Moore, 5. L. Hobertson,J.Ch. Clarke, H. Lamberton. Newball. Robcrtson,J. Cu. Ebeling. Lees. Reynolds. Smith, K.W. Greek. (60 Students). Harry. Classes meet in the Front Building, Rooms 3, 4, 7, 16. Pliny; Juvenal: Dr. WARREN. Three times weekly, Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday, 10 a. in. (10). Greek Seminary: (Thiccydides): Professor GILDERSLEEYE. Three Baghy. Keidel. Roberts, 5. T. Thomas, W. S. times weekly, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, 10 a. in. (24). Baughinan. Newcomer. Snowden. Warren, H. A. Baden. Harry. Milroy. Robertson, J.Ch. Culver. Palmer. Bignell. Hatcher. Moore, J. L. Robertson, J.Cu. Clarke, H. Hendrickson. Mnrray, A. T. Scrihner. Reading at Sight: Dr. WARREN. Weekly, Wednesday, 10 a. in. Eheling. Lamberton. Newball. Smith, K. W. Fay. Lees. Reynolds. Sterling. (9). Goodwin. Magoun. Roberts, J. T. Trueman. Bagby. Keidel. Palmer. Thomas, W. S. Baughman. Newcomer. Snowden. Warren, H. A. Greek Syntax: Professor GILBERSLEEVE. Twice weekly, Tuesday Culver. and Thursday, 10 a. m. (24). Baden. Harry, Milroy. Robertson, J.Ch. Horace: Dr. SPIEKER. Four times weekly, Tuesday, Wednesday, Bignell. Hatcher. Moore, J. L. Robertson, J.Cu. Thursday, and Friday, 9 a. in. (21). Scribner. Clarke, H. Hendrickson. Murray, A. T. Bryan. Guy. McKinney. Powell, S. K. Ebeling, Lamberton. Newball. Smith, K. W. Carson, H. E. Keecb. Morris. Ringer. Fay. Lees. Reynolds. Sterling. Trueman. Carson, XV. H. Lanebbeimer. Morrison. Shriver. Goodwin. Magoun. Roberts, J. T. Combs. Lewis, C. S. Oebm. Whitridge, W. Cook,V. Littlefield. Powell, L. P. Zeigler. .Aeschylus; Sophocles: Professor GILDEESLEEVE. Four times Guggenheimer, S. H. weekly, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, 12 in. (11). Baghy. Culver. Palmer. Sterling. Tacitus: Dr. ELMER. Four times weekly, Tuesday, Wednesday, Baughman. Fristoe. Roberts, J. T. Thomas, XV. S. Thursday, and Friday, 10 a. as. (4). Bignell. Hendrickson. Snowden. Fulton. Marden, C. C. Preston. Watts. Homer; Euripides: Dr. SPIEKER. Four times weekly, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, 11 a. m. (12). Prose Composition: Bechtel. Cook, V. McKinney. Oehm. Class A: Dr. SPIEKER. Weekly, Monday, 9 a. in. (14). Carson,H. E. Lewis, C. S. Morris. Shriver. Carson, W. H. Littlefield. Morrison. Bryan. Cook, Y. MeKinney. Powell, S. K. Zeigler. Carson, H. E. Keech. Morrison. Shriver. Carson, XV. H. Lewis, C. S. Oebm. Zeigler. Herodotus: Dr. SPIEKER. Three times weekly, Tuesday, Wednesday, Combs. Littlefield. and Friday, 12 in. (9). Detwiler. Johnston. Smiley. Stokes. Class B: Dr. ELMER. Weekly, Monday, 10 a. in. (10). Faust, A. B. Lee. Smith, S.K • Towson. Baghy. Keidel. Roberts, J. T. Thomas,W. S. Graham,J. Baughman. Newcomer. Snowden. Warren, H. A. Culver. Palmer. Greek Historical Inscriptions: Dr. SMYTH. Twice weekly, Wednesday, 11 a. in., Thursday, 12 in. (13). Preliminary Class: Dr. ELMER. Four times weekly, Monday, Baden. Goodwin. Newball. Scrihner. Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, 9 a. in. (14). Clarke, H. Magoun. Robertson, J.Cb. Sterling. Eheling. Murray, A. T. Robertson, J.Cu. Trueman. Detwiler. Johnston. Smith, S. K. Towson. Fay. Garrison. Lee. Straus, I. L. Ullinaun. Graham, 5. Randolph, A. M. Thacher. Wolf. Greek Archc.eology: Dr. SMYTH. Weekly, Tuesday, 4 p. in. (6). Jenkins. Smiley. Devries. Hancock. RosenthaL Sterling. Gilderileeve, H. C. I4ewball. MARCH, 1888.] UNIVERSITY CIRCULARS. 55

Sanskrit and Comparative Philology. Dr. BLOoM- German. (112 Students). FIELD. (40 Students). Classes meet in 305, 307, and 313 W. Monument St. Classes meet in the Front Building, Room 13. Introduction to the Study of COmparative Philology. Teutonic Seminary: First Section: Old High German: Dr. WooD. Weekly, Monday, 4 p. m. (24). Weekly, Friday, 9—11 a. us. (8). Bechtel. Goodwin. McMechan. Smith, K. W. Brdd6. Cummings. Bench. Matzke. ]3owen. hancock. Milroy. Sterling. Bucherer. Hatfield. MacMechan. Wood, A. Callaway. Hatfield. Newhall. Stevenson. Second Section. Dr. WOOD. Meeting of advanced students in Teutonics Devries. Bench. Robertson, J.CII. Uhl. Fay. Logie. Rosenthal. Wigbtman, J.R. fortnightly for the reading of original papers, and for general seminary Gildersleeve, R. C. McCabe. Shefioe. Wood, A. work. Alternate Wednesdays, 7 p. us. (12.) Comparative Study of Greek Accent: (Bloomfield, Wheeler). Allen, F. P. Burton, R. F. Ball, J. L. MacMechan. Weekly, Thursday, 4 p..m. (20). BrSdS. Callaway. Bench. Matzke. Bucherer. Cummings. Learned. Wood, A. Arnolt. Goodwin. Milroy. Robertson, J.Ch. Baden. Harry. Moore, J. L. Robertson, JOn. Gothic: (Braune’s Grammar; Ulfilas, ed. Bieyne): Dr. WOOD. Weekly, Clark, H. Hendrickson. Murray, A. T. Scribner. Ebeling. Lees. ~ewhall. Smith, K. W. Monday,9a.m. (8). Fay. Magoun. Reynolds. Sterling. Allen, F. P. Bucherer. Marx. Stevenson Vedic Seminary: (The literature of the Atharva-Veda). Weekly, Blackniar. Logie. Shedoe. Wiatt. Wednesday, 4 p. m. (ii). Middle High German: A: (Minnesang’s Frilhling, ed. Lachmann Elmer. Hatfield. Moore, J. L. Smith, K. W. und Haupt): Dr. WOOD. Twice weekly, Monday, 10 a. us., Thursday, Fay. Magoun. Murray, A.T. Thayer. Goodwin. Milroy. Scribner. 9a.m. (10). Allen, F. P. Bench. Marx. Shedoe. Readings from Sanskrit .MiSS. Weekly, Friday, 12 m. (4). Bucherer. Logie. Matzke. Wood, A. Fay. Goodwin. Hatfield. Magoun. Cummings. MscMechan. Introduction to the Rig- Veda. Weekly, Friday, 4 p. us. (10). Middle High German: B: (Paul’s Grammatik; Weinhold’s Lese- Ebeling. Goodwin. Lees. Trueman. buch): Dr. WOOD. Weekly, Wednesday, 10 a. us. (4). Elmer. Harry. Thayer. Uhl. Fay. Bench. Bowen. Conover. Faust, A.B. Bench. The Law-book of Manu. Weekly, Tuesday, 4 p. m. (13). Old Norse: (Noreen’s Grammatik; Moebius, Analecta Norroena): Dr. Ebeling. Harry. Milroy. Thayer. WOOD. Twice weekly, Tuesday and Thursday, 10 a. us. (3). Elmer. Bench. Moore. Trueman. Fay. Lees. Smith, K. W. Uhi. Bench. MacMechan. Wood, A. Goodwin. Goethe: (Gedichte, ed. C. von Loeper): Dr. WooD. Twice weekly, Elementary Sanskrit: (Perry’s Primer and Lanman’s Reader): Tuesday and Wednesday, 9 a. us. (16). Mr. MAGOIJE. Twice weekly, Tuesday and Friday, 9 a. m. (4). Allen, A. Ball, J. L. MacMechan. Stevenson. Daden. Reynolds. Robertson, J.Ch. Sterling. Bueberer. Hench. Marx. Wiatt. Burton, B. F. Learned. Matzke. Wightman, 3. R. Cummings. Logie. Shefioe. Wood, A. (Major Course). Shemitic Languages. (16 Students). Selected Prose Readings: (Masius’ Reader III.): Dr. GOEBEL. Classes meet in the Front Building, Room 14. Weekly, Wednesday, 10 a. us. (10). Elementary Hebrew: Dr. ADLER. Weekly, Monday, 2—4p.m. (4). Franklin, B. A. Guggenheimer, S.B. Powell, S. K. Strauss, M. Downs. Foster. Hatcher. Lanim. Garrison. Lanier, C. D. Shreeves. Wiatt. Gerry. Lanebbeimer. Hebrew: (Advanced Course: Book of Proverbs): Professor HAUPT. Weekly, Tuesday, 4 p. m. (11). History of German Literature: Dr. GOEBEL. Weekly, Tues- Adler. Binion. Hatcher. Schloegel. day, 10 a. us. (11). Allen, E. P. Foster. Lamni. Watson. Faust, A. B. Gerry. Lauchheimer. Strauss, M. Arnolt. Fristoe. McDowell, IV. L. Franklin, B. A. Guggenheimer, S.B. Powell, S. K. Wiatt. Syriac: (Version of the New Testament): Professor HAUPT. Weekly, Garrison. Lanier, C. D. Shreeves. Tuesday, 3 p. m. (10). Goethe: (Tasso): Dr. GOEBEL. Twice weekly, Monday and Thurs- Adler. Binion. Lamm. Sebloegel. day, 10 a. us. (13). Allen, E. P. Fristoe. Arnolt. Hatcher. McDowell, W.L. Watson. Conover. Gerry. Lanier, C. D. Shreeves. Faust, A. B. Guggenheimer, S.B. Lauchheimer. Strauss, M. Cor.~tn: (Selected Suras): Professor HAIJPT. Weekly, Tuesday, 2 p. m. Franklin, B. A. Hilles. Powell, S. K. Wiatt. (6). Garrison. Adler. Arnolt. Lamm. Sebloegel. Prose Composition: (Buchheim): Dr. LEARNED. Weekly, Friday, Allen, F. P. Binion. 10 a. ni. (11). Ethiopic: (Dillmann’s Chrestomathy): Dr. ADLER. Weekly, Friday, Franklin, B. A. Guggenheimer, S. H. Lauchheimer. Strauss, M. 11 a. ni. to 1 p. us. (2). Garrison. Blues. Powell, S. K. Wiatt. Allen, E. P. Binion. Gerry. Lanier, C. D. Shreeves. Assyrian: (Elementary): Dr. ADLER. Weekly, Wednesday, 3—5 p. m. (4). (Minor C~ourse. Class A.) Hatcher. Lanim. McDowell, W. L. Scbloegel. Goethe: (Egmont); Oral Practice: (Mosius’ Reader IL); Prose Assyrian Exercises: (Annals of Sennacherib): Dr. ADLER. Wed- Composition: Dr. LEARNED. Three times weekly, Wednesday, nesday, 10 a. us. to 12 us. (1). Thursday, and Friday, 11 a. us. (36). Allen, E. P. Aht. Conover. Henachen. Motora. Ames, D. Cooke, T. Hodge, F. F. Parlato. Cuneiform Account of the Flood: Professor HATJPT. Weekly, Bayard. Cox, F. M. Hunt. Patek. Thursday, 2 p. us. (7). Billings. Eareckson. Jones II. C. Reid. Brown, T. M. Edes. Keech. Sadtler. Adler. Arnolt. Hatcher. Sebloegel. Browns, W. H. Gray. Lazear. White B 3. Allen, F. P. Binion. Lanim. Bryan. Gunther. Lee. Whitelock. Sumero-Akkadian: (Ilaupt’s Keilschr~fttexte): Professor HAUPT. Burrough. Guy. Lewis, H. S. Whitridge, W. Cameron. Henderson, F.C. Millikin. Wolf. Weekly, Thursday, 3 p. ni. (7). Adler. Arnolt. Hatcher. Sebloegel. Selected Prose Readings: (Masius’ Reader IL): Dr. GOEBEL. Allen, F. P. Binion. Lenin. Twice weekly, Monday and Tuesday, 11 a. us. (30). History of Babylonia and Assyria: Dr. ADLER. Weekly, Abt. Cox, F. M. Hodge, F. F. Millikin. Mondtty, 12 us. (11). Ames, D. Fareckeon. Hunt. Parlato. Billings. Edes. Jones, H. C. Patek. Allen, E. P. Finley, J. B. Hatcher. Scblocgel. Brown, T. M. Gray. Keech. Reid. Binion. Fisk. McDowell,W. L. Stevenson. Browne, W. B. Gunther. Lazear. Whitelock. Dowhs. Foster. Mitroy. Bryass. Guy. Lee. Whitridge, W. Cameron. Henderson, F.C. Lewis, B. S. Wolf. Cooke, T. Bensehen. 56 JOHNS HOPKINS [No. 64.

(Minor Course. Class B.) French: Elementary: (Whitney’s French Grammar; Rougemont’s La France): Mr. BOWEN. Three times weekly, Monday, Wednesday, Selected Readings: (Buchheim II); Prose Composition: and Friday, 12 m. (12). (Meissner’s Grammar): Dr. LEARNED. Three times weekly, Monday, Cameron. Garrison. Patek. Spence. Tuesday, and Thursday, 4 p. m. (21). Elsendrath. Hilles. RosenthaL Thacher. Fearn. Lazear. Smith, 3. H. Wolf. Bagby. Gilpin. Nagase. Shipley. Baughman. Graham, 3. Orr. Tarleton. Bignell. Hull, R. C. Palmer. Watts. Boone. Humphreys. Powell, L. P. Willard. Chaney. Linthicum. Roberts, J. T. Yamagata. Culver. English. (78 Students). Sehiller: (Wilhelm Tell): Dr. GOEBEL. Twice weekly, Wednesday Classes meet in 305, 307, and 313 W. Monument St. and Friday, 4p.m. (23). Bagby. Gilpin. Nagase. Stradley. English Seminary: Dr. WooD. Alternate Wednesdays, 8p.m. (15). Baughman. Graham, 3. Palmer. Tarleton. Allen, A. Callaway. Learned. Stevenson. Bignell. Hull, R. C. Powell, L. P. Thomas. Allen, E. P. Cumming8. Long. Wiatt. Boone. Humphreys. Roberts, J. T. Watts. Blackmar. Hall. MacMechan. Wood, A. Chaney. Linthicum. Shipley. Yamagata. Burton, R. E. Hench. Marx. Culver. Long. Stevenson. Middle English Grammar: (Lectures): Dr. BRIGHT. Twice weekly, Wednesday and Thursday, 11 a. m. (11). Scientific Readings: (Haeckel, Indische Reisebriefe): Dr. LEARNED. Andrews, C. M. Callaway. Bench. Stevenson. Twice weekly, Tuesday and Thursday, 1 p. m. (6). Allen, A. Cummings. MacMechan. Wood, A. Allen, E. T. Bayard. Tracy. UlIl. Blackmar. Hall. Marx. Atkinson. Coates. Piers the Plowman: Dr. BRIGHT. Twice weekly, Wednesday Historical Readings: (Freytag, Aus dem ,Tahrhundert der 1?eforma- and Thursday, 4 p. m. (10). tion): Dr. GOEBEL. Friday and alternate Wednesdays, 11 a. m. (7). Allen, A. Cummings. MacMechan. Stevenson. Blackmar. Hall. Marx. Wood, A. Bayard. Finley, R.J. Stevenson. Williams, W. K. Callaway. Bench. Finley, 3. H. Iyenaga White, R. 3. Chaucer and Shakespeare: Dr. BRIGHT. Twice weekly, Mon- Preliminary Class: (Buchheim 1; Whitney): Dr. LEARNED. Three day and Tuesday, 11 a. m. (9). times weekly, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, 1 p. m. (9). Allen, A. Cummings. Bench. Marx. Dodson. Jenkins. Middleton. Randolph, A.M. Blackmar. Hall. MacMechan. Stevenson. Hoffman, C. Lanier, B. B. Paca. Whitridge, T. Callaway. Hume. Anglo-Saxon Grammar and Boethius: Dr. BRIGHT. Weekly, German Conversation: Dr. GOEBEL. Twiceweekly, Monday and Friday, 3 p. m. (9). Friday,9a.m. (9). Andrews, C. M. BrSdd. Cummings. Stevenson. Bayard. Devries. Lanler, C. D. Strauss, M. Allen, A. Callaway. Marx. Wood, A. Bechtel. Garrison. Spence. Wiatt. Blackmar. Daish. (Major Course). Early Scottish Poets: Dr. BROWNE. Weekly, Friday, 12 m. (7). Callaway. Hatcher. Reeves. Wood, A. Cummings. Long. White, E. L. Romance Languages. (64 Students). Middle English Literature: Dr. BRIGHT. Twice weekly, Mon- Classes meet in 305 and 313 W. Monument Street. day and Tuesday, 12 m. (3). Long. Reeves. White, E. L. Advanced Courses: (Rosnance Morphology; Italian Philology; Milan- Early English: (Morris and Skeat’sSpecimens): Mr. BURTON. Twice ese Dialect; Picard and Norman Dialects; Romance Seminary): Mr. weekly, Wednesday and Thursday, 12 m. (4). ELLIOTT. (Five classes). Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thurs- day, 9 a. m. to 12 m. (9). Long. Reeves. Stradley. White, F. L. Bowen. Holden. Matzke. Shefloe. (Minor Course). Bucherer. Logie. McCabe. Wightman, 3. R. Couover. Elementary Anglo-Saxon: (Sweet’s Anglo-Saxon Reader): Mr. BURTON. Twiceweekly, Monday and Thursday, 11 a. m. (6). Advanced Courses: (French Phonetics; Aucassin et Nicol=te):Mr. Gerry. Long. Stradley. Wiatt. ELLIOTT. (Two classes). Monday and Tuesday, 10 a. m. to 12 m. (5). Keidel. Moale. Bucherer. Holden. Logie. Shefine. Fourteenth and Nineteenth C~entur?I Literature: Dr. Conover. BROWNE. Three times weekly, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Friday, Italian and Spanish: Dr. TODD. Daily, 9 a. m. (8). 11 a. m. (8). Clarke,H. Dreyer. Rules. Passano. Gerry. Johnston. King. Ulimaun. Conover. Goodwin. Hull, W. I. White, E. L. Hatcher. Keidel. Saigo. White, E. L. Old Spanish: (Poem of the Cid): Dr. TODD. Weekly, Monday, English Literature: (P. II. E.): Dr. BROWNE. Twice weekly, 3p.m. (0). Wednesday and Thursday, 12 m. (51). Bucherer. Matzke. Shefloe. Wightman, 3. R. Ames, D. Gray. Linthicum. Roszel. Logie. McCabe. Browne, XV. H. Guggenbeimer,S. H. Lirtlofield. Saigo. Bryan. Guy. Marden, T. B. Shriver. Provencal: (Elementary and Advanced): Dr. TODD. Twice weekly, Carson, H. F. Hiss. McKiuney. Straus, I. L. Tuesday~ and Thursday, 4 p. m. (7). Carson, W. H. Hoffman, C. Morris. Strauss, H. Caskin. Rumpbreys. Morrison. Watts. Bowen. Ilolden. Shefloe. Wightman,J. R. Combs. Hunt. MurrayJohuD. Whitelock. Conover. Matake. Thayer. Cone. Keech. Ochmn. Whitridge, T. Cook, V. Knower. Oppenheimer. Whitridge, W. French, Portuguese, and Spanish Literature: Dr. F. M. Dodson. Lanier, B. B. Paca. Wright. VtrARREN Three times weekly, Tuesday, 3 p. in., Thursday and Faust, E. S. Laucbheimer. Powell, L. P. Yamamta. Franklin, B. A. Levering. Preston. Zeigle~. Saturday, 9 a. m. (8). Friedeuwald, II. Lewis, C. S. Ringer. Bowen. Bucherer. Matzke. Shefloe. Brcds. Logie. McCabe. Wiglitman, 3. R. French: Major Course: Dr. TODD and Dr. F. M. WARREN. Daily, 10a.m. (7). Allen, A. Holden. Newliall. Wiati. Historical and Political Science. (127 Students). Conover. Marx. Shefine. Classes meet in the rooms of the Bluntschli Library. French: Minor Gourse: (Voltaire, Du camp, Hugo, composition): Dr. F. M. WARREN. Daily, 12 m. (31). Seminary of History and Politics: Dr. ADAMS. Weekly, Atkinson.. Gunther. McLane. Simon. Friday, 9—10 p. m. (26). Bechtel. Hancock. Moale. Taylor, R. T. Andrews, C. M. Gardner. Mahoney. Stradley. iDevries. Bight. Moore, G. N. Taylor, W. H. Armstrong. Guggenheimer, 3. C. McPherson. Treut. Foster. Jones, W. A. ODonovan. Thompson. Ayrcs. Raskius. Meriwether. Vincent. Fulton. King. Powell, S. K. Turner, B. F. Bayard. Hoffmauu, 0. Smith, C. L. White, 3. L. Garrison. Marden, C. C. Rettger. Ullmann. Blackmar. Hughes. Smith, E. P. White, R.. 3. Gildersleeve, R. C. MeUnlIob. Robinson. Zug. Chaney. Iyeuaga. Stevenson. Williams, W. K. Gilpin. McDougall. Sadtler. Finley, 3. H. Katzenstein. MARCH, 1888.] UNIVERSITY CIRCULA RS. 67

History of Prussia: Dr. ADAMS. Twice weekly, Wednesday and Roman History: (P. H. E. Course): Dr. JA~soN. Twice weekly, Thursday, 10 a. m. (27). Monday and Tuesday, 12 in. (29). Andrews, C. M. Fisk. McLane. Browne, W. H. Guy. Mahoney. Shriven. Trent. Carson, H. B. Humphreys. Armstrong. Guggenheimer, J. C. McPherson. White, J. L. Marden, T. B. Straus, I. L. Carson. W. H. Hunt. Morris. Strauss, M. Ayres. Hall. Meriwether. White, H. J. Cook, V. Keech. Blackmar. ~kins. Smith, C. L. Williams, W. K. Murray,John D. Whitelock. Dodson. Lanebbeiiner. Oehm. Whitridge, W, Callaway. Smith, E. P. Willoughby, W. F. Friedenwald, H. Lewis, C. S. Chaney. Jones, Vs. Stevenson. Willoughby, W.W. Powell, L. P. Yamagata. Finley, J. H. Katzenstein. Stradley. Gray. Littlefield. Ringer. Zeigler. Guggenheiiner, S. H. Renaissance and Reformation: Dr. An~ts. Twice weekly, Physical and Historical Geography: (P. H. F. Course): Dr. Monday and Tuesday, 11 a. m. (24). JAMESON. Weekly, Friday, 12 in. (51). Combs. Hiss. McCabe. Ridgely. Ames, D. Friedenwald, H. Lewis, C. S. Rosiel. Finley, J. H. Hull, W. I. McCulloh. Ringer. Browne, W. H. Gray. Linthicum. Fisk. Iyenaga. Saigo. McDougall. Robinson. Bryan. Guggenheimer, S. H. Littlefield. Shniver. Foster. Linthicum. McPherson. Shreeves. Carson, H. B. Guy. Marden, T. B. Fulton. Mahoney. Nagase. Straus, I. L. Right. Marden, C. C. Smith, E. P. Carson,W. H. Hiss. Morris. Strauss M. Paca. Taylor, W. H. Caskin. Hoffman, C. Morrison. Watts. International Combs. Humphreys. Murray, John D. Whitelock. Law: Dr. ADAMs. Twice weekly, Monday and Cone. Hunt. Oehm. Whitridge, T. Tuesday, 12 m. (17). Cook, V. Keech. Oppenheimer. Dodson. Knower. Paca. Whitridge, W. Armstrong. flaskins. Reader. White, J. L. Wright. Faust, B. S. Lanier, B. B.~ Powell,L. P. Yamagata. Black. floffmann, 0. Ridgely. White, R. J. Fisk. Lanebbeimer. Preston. Brown, H. M. Lanier, C. D. Stradley. Willoughby, W. F. Franklin, B. A. Levering. Ringer. Zeigler. Chaney. Patterson. Tarleton. Willoughby,W.W. Ds4sh. European History: (P. H. F. Course): Mr. BLACKMAR. Twice Finance: Dr. ELY. Three times weekly, Wednesday, Thursday, and weekly, Monday and Tuesday, 12 in., in College Hall. (23). Ames, D. Franklin, B. A. Linthicum. Roszel. Friday, 9 a. m. (31). Bryan. Hiss. Morrison. Saigo. Armstrong. Guggenheimer, J. C. Meriwether. Stevenson. Caskin. Hoffman, C. Nagase. Watts. Ayres. Haskins, Motora. Strsdley. Combs. Knower. Oppenheimer. Whitridge, T. Bayard. Howard, C. M. Murray, Jas. D. Trent. Cone. Lanier, B. B. Paca. Wright. Blackmar. flume. Perkins. White, J. L. Faust, B. S. Levering. Preston. Burnham. flyslop. Pierce. Williams, W. K. Finley, J. H. Katzenstein. Sanford. Willoughby, W. F. Thucydides: Mr. CLARKE. Weekly, Monday, 9 a. in. (10). Finley, R. J. Lanier, C. B. Smith, C. L. Willoughby, W.W. Combs. Lanebbeimer. Preston. Watts. Gardner. McPherson. Smith, E. P. Guggenheimer, S. H. Morris. Guy. Powell, L. ~. Ringer. Whitridge, W. Political Economy: (J. S. Mill): Dr. ELY. Daily, 1 p. m. (32). Andrews. C. M. Goldsmith. Linthicum. Ridgely. Bolgiano. Henderson, E. C. Marden, C. C. Riggs. Chancy. flight. McCormick. Robinson. Davisson. Hoffmann, 0. MeCullob. Shreeves. Fisk. Hull, W. L McDougall. Smith, E. P. Friedenwald, H. Humphreys. Motora. Taylor, W. H. Psychology and Pedagogics. (77 Students). Fulton. Hunt. Nagase. Watson, E. L. Gerry. Iyenaga. Preston. Watson, W. T. History of Philosophy: Professor HALL. Weekly, Monday, 12 in., in the Biological Lecture-room. (22). Historical Jurisprudence (with special reference to the history of the Allen, A. Hendrickson. Phillips. Smith, B. P. English Law of Real Property): Mr. EMMOTT. Twice weekly, Monday, Boone. Home. Pierce. Smith, H. 10 a. in., and Tuesday, 9 a. m. (12). Cowles. Mahoney. Poteat. Uhi. Armstrong. Donnelly. Hofl’mann, 0, White, J. L. Davisson. McCormick. Robertson, J.Cu. Watson, B. L. Bayard. Guggenheimer, J. C. Mahoney. White, H. J. Green. Motora. Sanford. Woodward. Callaway. Haskins. Trent. Worthington, Guggenheimer, 3. C. Orr. Physiological Psychology: Professor HALL. Twice weekly, Administration: Dr. WOODROW WILSON. Twice weekly, Friday, Tuesday and Thursday, 12 in., in the Biological Lecture-room. (28). 8 p. in., Saturday, 9 a. in. (25). Allen, A. Bdwards. Jastrow. Roberts, D. B. Andrews, C. M. Gardner. Katzenstein. Stevenson. Bibbins. Guggenheimer, 3. C. Lingle. Robertson, J.Cu, Armstrong. Guggenheimer, J. C. Mahoney. Trent. Boone. Hemmeter. Motora. Sanford. Ayres. flaskins. McPherson. Vincent. Buruham. Hendrickson. Nelson. Smith, B. P. Bayard. floffmann, 0. Meriwether. White,J. L. Coleman. Hodge, C. F. Orr. Uhi. Blackmar. Hughes. Cowles. flume. Pierce. Watase. Chaney. Iyenaga. Smith, C. L. White, H. J. Dreyer. Hyslop. Poteat. Woodward. Finley, J. H. Smith, B. P. Williams, W. K. 4p. m. (21). Education: Professor HALL. Weekly, Friday, 12 in., in the Biologi- SocialArmstrong.Statistics: Gardner.Dr. E. R.L. GOULD.McPherson.Weekly, Tuesday,White, H. J. c~l Lecture-room. (13). Ayres. Guggenheilner, J. C. Smith, C. L. Williams, W. K. Allen, A. Lingle. Orr. Robertson, J.Cu. Daish. Ha.skins. Smith, B. P. Willoughby, W. F. Bernhard. Mahoney. Pierce. Sanford. Finley. J. H. Hoffmann, 0. Warner. Willoughby. W.W. Boone. Motora. Rich. Stevenson. Finley, H. J. Hunt. White, J. L. Worthington. Hendrickson. Fisk. Anatomy of the Central Nervous System: Dr. DONALDSON. United States History, 1~89-1 ~93: Dr. JAMESON. Weekly, (a) Seminary. Weekly, Friday, 3 p. in., Room 44, Physical Labora- Tuesday, 10 a. in. (22). tory. (4). Andrews, C. M. Finley, J. H. Katzenstein. Stevenson. flodge, C. F. flume. Orr. Pierce. Armstrong. Finley, H. J. Mahoney. Trent. Ayres. Gardner. McPherson. White, J. L. (b) Lectures. Weekly, Wednesday, 12 in., Room 44, Physical Labora- Bayard. Guggenheimer, 3. C. Smith, C. L. While, R. J. Blaekmar. Haskins. tory. Demonstrations connected with the lecture, Wednesday, 2.30 Chaney. Jones, W. A. Smith, E. P. Williams, W. K. p. in., Room 45, Physical Lahoratory. (15). Campbell. Hedge, C. F. Orr. Uhi. Modern Historians: Dr. JAMESON. Weekly, Friday, 10 a. in. (19). Cowles. flume. Pierce. Watase. Andrews, C. M. Gardner. Kaizenstein. Trent. Dreyer. Motora. Preston. Wightinan, A.C. Ayres. Guggenheimer, 3. C. McPherson. White, J. L. Bdwards. Nelson. Sanford. Bayard. flaskins. Smith, C. L. White, H. J. Chaney. floffmann, 0. Smith, B. P. Williams, W. K. Histology of the Central Nervous System, and Psycho- Finley, J. H. Iyenaga. Stevenson. Physics: Dr. DONALDSON. Twice weekly,Wednesday and Thursday, 2 p. in., Room 44, Physical Laboratory. (5). American Constitution: Dr. JAMESON. Three times weekly, Wednesday and Thursday, 12 in., Friday, ~ p. in. (19). flodge, C. F. On. Pierce. Preston. Armstrong. Finley, H. J. Mebane. Tarleton. Bdwards. Black. Haskins. Reader. Thompson, H. 0. Psychology: (L. F. P. Course): Professor HALL. Daily, 1 p. in., in Brown, H. M. Hoffmann, 0. Ridgely. Willoughby, W. F. the Physical Laboratory. (36). Daish. Lanier, C. D. Smith, B. P. Willoughby,W.W. Ballard. Faust, A. B. Macauley. Rettger. Finley, J. H. Mahoney. Stevenson. Black. Fearn. Mann. Rosenthal. Bromwell. Gieske. Mansfield. Spence. English and French History: Dr. JAMESON. Three times Browne A L. Gildersiseve, B. C. Miller, W. H. Tarleton. weekly, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, 11 a. in. (20). Brown, ~EI.itt. Gilpin. Moore, G N. Turner, B. F. Combs. Hiss. Marden, C. C. Ridgely. Brigham. Hancock. ODonovan. White, B. L. Fisk. Hull,W. I. MeCullob. Ringer. Carey. Jones, W. Reader. White, 3. Foster. Iyenaga. McDougall. Robinson. Daish. King. Reeves. Willoughby, W.. F. Fnlton. Linthicum. MeLane. Shreeves Devries. Lanier, C. D. Reid. Willoughby,W,W. flight. Mahoney. Paca. Taylor, W. H. Dr. Donaldson takes this class once a week for demonstration. 68 JOHNS HOPKINS [No. 64.

Physical Training. Dr. HABTWELL. Class B. Thursday, 3 p. m. (17). Brown, H. M. Guggenbeimer, S. H. Lanier, C. D. Owens. Dr. Hartwell is in the Gymnasium daily to direct the courses of Physical Browne, W. H. Howard, B. C. Lauchheimer. Shipley. Daish. Humplireys. MeCullob. Spence. Training. Franklin, B. A. Keidel. Moore, G. N. Tarleton. Gerry. Mr. HARTWIG NISSEN is present three times a week to give instruction Class C. Saturday, 1 p. m. (13). in Swedish and German Gymnastics. Abt. Knower. Mnrray,JohnB. Ullmanu. Bernhard. McDougall. Oehm. Wright. Elsendrath. Morrison. Oppenheimer. Zug. Hoffin n,C.

Drawing. Mr. NEWELL. (65 Students). Elocution. (116 Students). Classes meet in Room 18. Mr. WOOBWORTH. Daily, 9 a. m. to 4 p. in., in Hopkins Hall. Free-Hand Drawing. Daily, ip. m. (65). Allen, A. Gardner. Lewis, H. S. Salgo. Ames, D. Garrison. Linthicum. Schloegel. Abt. Fernald. Lancliheimer. Patek. Arnolt. Gerry. Littledeld. Shriver. Bernhard. Finley, R. 3. Lee. Reymaun. Bernhard. Gieske. Long. Simon. Brown, H. M. Franklin, B. A. Lewis, C. S. Robinson. Brown, H. M. Graham, J. Mahoney. Smith, C. L. Brown, T. M. Gerry. Macauley. Sadtler. Browne,W. H. Guggenheitner, S. H. Marden, T. B. Smith, S. K. Browne,W. H. Graham, J. Marden, T. B. Shipley. Bryan. Hancock. McCormick. Snowden. Carson, R.E. Guggenheimer, S. H. McCnlloh. Simon. Cameron. Harrison, R. G. MeCullob. Spence. Caskin. Guy. McDougall. Spence. Carson, R. E. Hatcher. McDougall. Stokes. Coleman. Harrison, R. G. Moore, G. N. Strans, I. L. Carson,W. H. Henderson, E. C. McDowell,W. L. Stradley. Cone. Hoffman, C. Morgan, T. H. Thomas. Caskjn. Henschen. Mcl{inney. Straus, I. L. Cook,V. Howard, B. C. Morrison. Tarleton. Combs. Hodge, E. P. MeLane. Strauss, M. Cox, F. P. Humphreys. Murray, John D. IJllmann. Cone. Hoffman, C. Millikin. Taylor, P. T. Daish. Johnston. Gelim. Watson, W. T. Cook, V. Hoffmann, 0. Milroy. Thacher. Eareckson. Keech. Oppenheimer. Whitridge, W. Cooke, T. Hull, W. I. Morrison. Thomas. Edes. Keidel. Owens. Wright. Culver. Humphreys. Motora. Ulimaun. Edwards. Knower. Palmer. Zeigler. Davisson. Hunt. Murray, John ID. Warren, H. A. Elsendrath. Lanier, C. D. Parlato. Dodson. Johnston. Nagase. Watase. Faust, E. S. Downs. Kateenstein. Oebm. Watson, E. L. Eareekson. Keech. Oppenheimer. Watson, W. T. Mechanical, Per8pective, and Topographical Drawing. Edes. King. Palmer. Watts. Eisendratb. Knower. Parlato. White, E. L. Faust, A. B. Lamb. Powell, E. N. Whitelock. Class A. Thursday, 1 p. m. (18). Faust, E. S. Lanier, B. B. Powell, L. P. Whitridge, T. Carson, R. E. Faust, E. S. Lewis, C. S. Sadtler. Finley. Lanier, C. ID. Reid. Wolf. Caskin. Finley, R. J. Marden, T. B. Strans, I. L. Fisk. Lauchheimer. Ringer. Wright. Cone. Graham, J. Patek. Whitridge, W. Franklin, B. A. [.azear. Roberts, 3. T. Yamagata. Cook, V. Johnston. Iteymaun. Zeigler. Friedenwald, H. Lee. Rosenthal. Zeigler. Eareckson. Lee. Fristoe. Lewis, C. S. Sadtler. Zug.

ADDITIONS TO TilE REGISTER OF STUDENTS. ERNESTO MADERO. Parras, Mexico. 102 E. Madison St. Mount St. Mary’s College (Md.). Physics, etc. (See University Circulcrs, No. 61, pp. 10—16). CHARLES MINDELEFF. Washington, D. C. 204 W. Franklin St. Washington High School. Chenoiotry. FELLOWS BY COURTESY. MAURICE DU PONT. Baltimore. 805 Park As. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Electricity. GEORGE THEOPHILUS KEMP. Baltimore. 851 N. Iloscard St. A. B., Johns hopkins University, 1883, Yellew, 1885-86, and Ph. B., 1886. Pathology. EMORY SHAILER TOWSON. Baltimore. 1506 N. Caroline St. Shurtleff College. Greek and Latin. WILLIAM ALEXANDER LAMBERTON. Baltimore. 889 Park As. A. B., University ef Psnnsylvania, 1867, and A. M., 1870 late Professor of Greek, Lehigh University. Greek. ORRAY TAFT SHERMAN. New Haven, Coun. 11 F. Franklin St. At a meeting of the Board of University Studies, January 14, 1888, it was A. B., Yale college, 1877; late Assistant in the Astronomical Observatory of Yale college. Aetrosoomy. voted that University Scholarships for the current session be granted to: GEORGE MILLER STERNBERG. Surgeon, U. S. Army. 212W. Monument St. C. M. ANDREWS, A. C. GILL, J. M. PIERCE, M. B., college of Physicians and Surgeons (New York), 1860. Pachotogy. W. M. BURTON, T. LOGIE, J. CHARLES ROBERTSON, M. CALLAWAY, J~., D. A. MURRAY, S. WATASE. GRADUATE STUDENTS. E. W. FAY, HENRY CLAY ARMSTRONG, JR. Auburn, Ala. 1100 McCulloh St. It was also voted that Messrs. J. T. HATFIELD and H. B. LooMIs be 5. B., Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical College, 1887. History end Politico. appointed to 1111 uny vacancies that may occur. HARRY FRANCIS HERR BAUGUMAN. Westminster, Md. 622 George St. A. B., Western Maryland College, 1883, and A. M., 1887. Greek end Letioo. CHARLES EDWARD BREWER. Wake Forest, N. C. 1221 Madison As. A. M., Wake Forest College, 1886. Chemistry. WILLIAM T. COUNCILMAN, M. D., Associate in Pathology, was appointed by the Trustees of the Johns Hopkins University at their meeting March JOHN LESLIE HALL. Richmond, Va. 22 F. Centre St. Randolph Macon College; Fellow, Johns Hopkins University, 1886.87. English. 5, 1888, Associate Professor of Anatomy, and was granted leave of absence WILLIAM STEWART HALSTED. New York City. 508 Cathedral St. for a year. A. B., Yale College, 1874; M.B., College of Physicians and Surgeons (New York), 1877; Attending Surgeon to the Presbyterian and Bellevue Hospitals, New York. Pathology. JOHN N. HOBACH. Baltimore. Union Station. RECENT APPOINTMENTS. A. B., Franklin and Marshall College, 1878; M. B., University of Pennsylvania, 1884. Pathology. DAVIS R. DEWEY (Ph. D., 1886)—Assistant Professor of Economics and FREDERICK S. THOMAS. Charleston, W. Va. Statistics, in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. M. D., University of Maryland, 1878, and Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1887. Path- ology. CHARLES H. LEVERMORE (Ph. D. 1886)—Assistant Professor of History, JAMES G. WILTSHIRE. Baltimore. Paca and FayetteSte. in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. M. B., University of Maryland, 1889. Biology. CHARLES L. REESE (Assistant in Chemistry)—Professor of Chemistry CHARLES EDWARD WRIGHT. Marquette, Mich. Mt. Vernon Hotel. University of Berlin; Royal Schools of Mines in Berlin and Freiberg; State Geologist of in Wake Forest College, N. C., in place ofJames R. Duggan (Ph.D., 1884) Michigan. Gestsgy and Mineralogy. deceased. UNDERGRADUATES. W. S. BAYLEY (A. B., 1883, and Ph. D., 1886)—Professor of Geology, Mineralogy and Botany, in Colby University, Me. Special Students. W. C. L. GORTON (A. B., 1886)—Associate Professor of Mathematics in ROGER BROOKE TANEY COMBS. Leonardtown, Md. 104 W. Saratoga St. the new Woman’s College of Baltimore. Maryland Agrienitural College. Latin, English, etc. HOURS FOR LECTURES AND RECITATIONS, SECOND HALF-YEAR, 1887-88.

HouRs. MONDAY. TUESDAY. 0 WEDNESDAY. THURSDAY. FRIDAY. SATURDAY. but. Course for Grad. (Story.) A. M. mt. Course for Grad. (Story.) but. Course for Grad. (Story.) mt. Course for Grad. (Story.) but. Course for Grad. (Story.) Mechanics. (Franklin.) Mechanics. (Franklin.) cx, Elliptic Functions. (Craig.) Elliptic Functions. (Craig.) cx borg. Chem.: Major. (Morse.) bnorg. Chem.: Major. (Morse.) Carbon Compounds. (Renoul.) Goal Chem.: Reviews. (Renouf.) General Chemistry. (Eemsen.) General Chemistry. (Remoen.) General Chemistry. (Remoen.) Geul Chem.: Reviews. (Renouf.) cxi Carbon Compounds. (Remsen.) Carbon Compounds. (Remoen.) L.J Morphology. (Brooks.) Geology. (Williams.) Geology. (Williams.) Geology. (Williams.) Morphol. Problems. (Brooks.) Latin Comp. (Spieksr.) Horace. (Spieker.) Horace. (Spieker.) Iborace. (Spieker.) Horace. (Spieker.) 9 Latin: Prelim. (Elmer.) Latin: Prelim. (Elmer.) Latin: Prelim. (Elmer.) Sanskrit: Elem. (Magoun.) Latin: Prelim. (Elmer.) Gothic. (Wood.) Goethe. (Weed.) Sanskrit: Elem. (Magoun.) German Conversation. (Goebel.) Goethe. (Wood.) Middle High German: A. (Wood.) Teutonic Seminary. (Wood.) German Conversation. (Goebel.) Milanese Dialect. (Elliott.) PortugueseLiterature. (F. M.Warren.) Italian and Spanish. (Todd.) Italian and Spanish. (Todd.) Italian and Spanish. (Todd.) Spanish Literaturo. (F. M. Warren.) Thucydides. (Clarke.) Mist. Jurisprudence. (Emmett.) Italian and Spanish. (Todd.) Italian and Spanish. (Todd.) Elocution.__(Woodworth.) (9 to 4.) Finance. (Ely.) Finance. (Ely.) Finance. (Ely.) Administration. (Wilson.) Elocution. (Woedworth.) (9 to 4.) Elocution. (Woedworth.) (9 to 4.) Elocution. (Woodworth.) (9 to 4.) Elocution. fWoodworth.) (9to 4.) Linear Dell. Equations. (Craig.) Linear Inn. .itquatsons. (Craig.) Trigonometry. (Eichelberger.) Anal. Geom. (Gorton.) (Alt. Tuesdays.) LinearDoff. Equations. (Craig.) Physical Optics. (Rowland.) Trigonometry. (Richelberger.) Anal. Geom. (Gorton.) Physical Optics. (Rowland.) Physical Optics. (Rowland.) Physical Optics. (Rowland.) Physics: Minor. (Kimball.) Physics: Minor. (Kimball.) Physics: Minor. (Kimball.) Physics: Minor. (Kimball.) Physics: Minor. (Kimball.) General Biology. (Martin.) Physiology: Adv. (Martin.) General Biology. (Martin.) Physiol. Readings. (Martin.) Cemp. Osteology. (Andrews.) General Biology. (Martin.) Greek Seminary. (Gilderoleeve.) Comp. Osteology. (Andrews.) Greek Syntax. (Gilderolceve.) Greek Seminary. (Gilderoleeve.) Greek Syntax. (Gilderoleeve.) Greek Seminary. (Gilderoleeve.) 10 Pliny; Juvenal. (M.Warren.) Reading t Sight. (M. Warren.) Pliny; Juvenal. (M. Warren.) Pliny; Juvenal. (M.Warren.) Latin Composition. (Elmer.) Tacitus. (Elmer.) Tacitus. (Elmer.) Tacitus. (Elmer.) Hebrew. (Adler.) Assyrian Exercises. (Adler.) Hebrew Exercises. (Adler.) Tacitus. (Elmer.) Middle High German: A. (Wood.) 01(1 Horse. (Wood.) German: Major. (Goebel.) Middle High German: B. (Wood.) Old Horse. (Wood.) Teutonic Seminary. (Wood.) German: Major. (Goebel.) German: Major. (Goebel.) German: Major. (Goebel.) German: Major. (Learned.) French Phonetics. (Elliott.) Ancassis et Nicoltte. (Elliott.) Romance Phonetics. (Elliott.) Romance Seminary. (Elliott.) French: Major. (ToddandF. M.Warren.) French: Major. (Todd and F.M.Warren.) Hist. Jurisprudence. (Emmett.) French: Major. (Toddand F. M.Warren.) French: Major. (Toddand F.M.Warren.) French: Major. (Toddand F.M.Warren.) U. S. History. (Jasuesen.) Riot. of Prussia. (Adams.) Mist. ofPrussia. (Adams.) Modern Historians. (Jameson.) Anal. Geom.: Adv. (Story.) Symbolic Logic. (Story.) Anal. (deem.: Adv. (Story.) Duff. Equations: Major. (Craig.) Symbolic Logic. (Story.) Anal. Geom.: Adv. (Story.) Calculus. (Franklin.) Duff. Equations: M~jor. (Craig.) Duff. Equations: Major. (Craig.) Solid Anal. Geom. (Franklin.) Calculus. (Franklin.) Solid Anal. Geom. (Franklin.) Calculus. (Franklin.) Electricity and Magnetism. (Duncan.) Electricity and Magnetism. (Duncan.) Electricity and Magnetism. (Duncan.) Electricity and Magnetism. (Duncan.) Geul Chem.: Reviews. (Reneuf) Geul Chem.: Reviews. (Renouf.) Electricityand Magnetism. (Duncan.) Mineralogy: Adv. (Williams.) Mineralogy: Adv. (Williams.) Mineralogy: Adv. (Williams.) Animal Physiology. (Howell.) Zoology. (Brooks.) Animal Physiology. (Howell.) Zoology. (Brooks.) Greek b-list. buscriptions. (Smyth.) Animal Physiology. (Howell.) 11 Greek Composition. (Spieker.) Homer; Euripides. (Spieker.) Homer; Euripides. (Spieker.) Homer; Euripides. (Spieker.) Aulus Gellius. (M. Warren.) Latin Seminary. (M. Warren.) Latin Epigraphy. (M. Warren.) Homer; Euripides. (Spieker.) Assyrian Exercises: (Adler.) Latin Seminary. (M. Warren.) German: Minor. (Goebel.) German: Minor. (Goebel.) German: Minor: Mist. (Goebel.) Ethiopic: Elem. (Adler.) German: Minor. (Learned.) German: Minor. (Learned.) German: Minor: Mist. (GoelseL) Picard and Norman Dialects. (Elliott.) btal. Philology. (Elliott.) German: Minor. (Learned.) Chaucer; Shakespeare. (Bright.) Chaucer; Shakespeare. (Bright.) Middle Rug. Grammar. (Bright.) Middle Eng. Grammar. (Bright.) English: Minor. (Burton.) English: Minor. (Browns.) English: Minor. (Browne.) English: Minor. (Burton.) English: Minor. (Browns.) Renaissance; Reformation. (Adams.) Renaissance; Reformation. (Adams.) English and French Hist. (Jameson.) English and French Mist. (Jameson.) Mathematical Seminary. (S ry.) English and French Mist. (Jameson.) Duff. Equations: Major. (Craig.) Duff. Equations: Major. (Craig.) M. Physics: Major. (Kimball.) Physics: Major. (Kimball.) Physics: M~jor. (Kimball.) Physics: Major. (Kimball.) Physics: Major. (Kimball.) Carbon Compounds. (Remoen.) Theoretical Chemistry. (Remoen.) Theoretical Chemistry. (Renosen.) Chemistry: Historical Lectures. Greek Composition. (Smysh.) Aesehylus; Sophocles. (Gilderoleeve.) Aesehylus; Sophocles. (Gilderoleeve.) Acochylus; Sophocles. (Gilderoleeve.) Aesehylus; Sophocles. (Gilderoleeve.) Greek Composition. (Spieker.) Herodetus. (Spieker.) Herodotus. (Spieker.) Greek Mist. Inscriptions. (Smyth.) Herodotus. (Spieker.) I-list. ofAsoyrtoand Babylonia. (Adler.) Ethiopic: Elem. (Adler.) SanskritMSS. (Bloomfield.) French: Minor. (F. M. Warren.) French: Minor. (F. M. W rren.) French: Minor. (F. M.Warren.) French: Minor. (F. M. Warren.) French: Minor. (F. M. Warren.) 12 Frouch: Elem. (Bowen.) French: Elem. (Bowen.) French: Elem. (Howen.) English: bobajor. (Bright.) English: Major. (Bright.) English: Major. (Burton.) English: Major. (Burton.) English: Major. (Browne.) International Law. (Adams.) International Law. (Adams.) English Lit. (Browne.) English Lit. (Browne.) Roman Hist. (Jameson.) Roman I-list. (Jameson.) American Constiirntion. (Jameson.) American Constitution. (Jameson.) Phys. and Mist. Geography. (Jameson.) European idiot. (Blackmar.) European Hist. (Blackmar.) - Mist, of Philosophy. (Hall.) Psychology. (I-ball.) Anat. ofNerv. Systom. (Donaldson.) Psychology. (Hall.) Education. (Hall.) P. M. Anal. Geom.; Calculus. (Franklin.) Astronomy. (Newcomb.) Astronomy. (Newcomb.) Anal. Geom.; Calculus. (Franklin.) Anal. Geom.; Calculus. (Franklin.) Anal. Geom.; Calculus. (Franklin.) Anal. Geom.; Calculus. (Franklin.) German: Prelim. (Learned.) German: Scientific. (Learned.) German: Prelim. (Learned.) German: Scientific. (Learned.) German: Prelim. (Learned.) Psychology.1Pelit. Econ.: bobinor.(Hall.) (Ely.) Psychology.Polit. Econ.: Minor.(Hall.) (Ely.) Psychology.Pelit. Econ.: (Hall.)Minor. (Ely.) Psychology.Polit. Econ.: (Hall.)Minor. (Ely.) Psychology.Polit. Econ.: Minor.(Hall.) (Ely.) Drawing. (Newell.) (1 to 5.) Drawing. (Newell.) (1 to5.) Drawing. (Newell. (1to 5.) Drawing. (Newell.) (1 to5.) Drawing. (Newell.) (1 to5.) Drawing. (Newell.) (1 to5.)

~b Hebrew: Elem. (Adler.) Cortn. (Haupt.) Cuneiform Ace. of Deluge. (Haupt.) Mineralogy. (Williams.) Histology of Nervous System. (Don- Histology of Nervous System. (Don aldson.) aldson.) Dioptrics. (Newcomb.) Dioptrics. (Newcomb.) I-Iebrew: Elem. (Adler.) Syriac. (I-i upt.) Assyrian: Elem. (Adler.) Sumero-Akkadian. (Haupt.) Gospels. (Arnolt.) Old Spanish. (Todd.) French Literature. (F. M.Warren.) 3 AmericanAnglo-SaxonConstitution.Gram.; Boethius.(Jameson.)(Bright.) Anat. of Nerv. System. (Donaldson.) Greek Arch~ology. (Smyth.) Book ofProverbs. (Haupt.) Aesyrian: Elem. (Adler.) Compar. Philology. (Bloomfield.) Law-book ofMann. (Bleomfield.) Vedic Seminary. (Bloomfield.) Comp. Gram. ofGreek. (Bloomfielcl.) Rig-Veda. (Bloomfield.) rman: Minor: Class B. (Learned.) German: Minor: Class B. (Learned.) German: Minor: Class B. (Goebel.) German: Minor: Class B. (Learned.) German: Minor: Class B. (GoebeL) Provengal. (Todd.) Provengal. (Todd.) Social Statistics. (Gould.) Piers the Plowman. (Bright.) Piers the Plowman. (Bright.) German Seminary. (Wood.) (7 p. in., altornate Wednesdays.) English Seminary. (Wood.) 5 altornate Wednesdays.) (8 SeminaryAdministration.ofHistand(Wilson.)Polities. (Adams.)(S p. in.) (9p.m.) 60 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY CIRCULAI?S. [No. 64.

COMPLETE FACSIMILE EDITION —OF— THE TEACHING OF THE APOSTLES (AI=~AXHThN AIIO~TOM~N)

A limited letter press edition of The Teaching of the Apostles, newly edited with a complete facsimile text (from the MS. of the Holy Sepulchre, Convent of the Greek Church, Jerusalem), and accompanied by a commentary by Professor J. iRendel Harris, is now ready. The volume has been printed at the Cambridge (England) University Press and the photographs of the manuscript have been reproduced by the Autotype Company of London. It contains 110 quarto pages of text and commentary and 10 plates. The price has been fixed at five dollars ($5). Orders and remittances should be addressed to the PUBLICATION AGENCY OF THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

[From TheNation, New York, February 23, 1888]. gered in the minds of the Archimandrite and [From an article by Professor Isaac H. Hall, In The Patriarch. First came the photographs of three independent, New York, February 16, 1888.] —The interest in the ‘Teaching of the Twelve pages of the MS., then a long pause. The MS. Apostles,’ which has never abated since the was transferred from Constantinople to Jerusa- In 1885, it will be remembered, Professor J. publication of the famous Bryennios MS. in lem, and with the transfer the whole matter Rendel Harris edited, for the Johns Hopkins 1883, will be still further enhanced by the seemed to havefallen into abeyance. The cleri- University, three pages in photograph of the facsimile edition, just published by the Johns cal intermediary was no longer on the ground, manuscript which contains the only known Hopkins University under the editorship of and there was no response to the tokens of original of the “Teaching of the Apostles.” Professor J. Rendel Harris, whose eminent fit. respect and regard which the American univer- Hopes were then entertained that the Univer- ness for the work has been shown by his vari- sity had sent to his Blessedness the Patriarch sity would be able to obtain photographs of the ous studies in the ‘Didach&’ Ofthe admirable of Jerusalem. But the Patriarch of Jerusalem entire “Teaching,” in which case Professor manner in which Professor Harris has dis. had not forgotten his promise to Dr. Hale; and Harris was to edit it entire. These hopes have charged his editorial office some notice may be what the American churchman had initiated now come to fruition; the photographs having expected hereafter; but without any disparage. was happily completed by the mediation of the been obtained since the removal of the manu- ment ofthe importance of the editor’s work, the secular arm, and theAmerican consul, Mr. Gill- script from Constantinople to Jerusalem, where student’s eye will first be attracted by the superb man, had the pleasure of transmitting to the a better mind ora betterlight possesses the cus- facsimile of the MS., and his first thought will university at Baltimore the much coveted pho- todians of the document. The Johns Hopkins be one of admiration of the Cambridge (Eng.) University have advertised the work to be fur- University Press —not unmixed, perhaps, with tographs, which are so admirably reproduced nished by subscription, at five dollars per copy. regret that the honor of this part also is not in this memorable volume. One of the most It forms a fine quarto of107 pages, with the fac- important lessons of this whole transaction — America’s. But while the mechanieal execu- protracted as it was through more than three shnile plates in addition, ten in number; and is tion is indeed worthy of all praise, those who years—is the proof that under all the forms and a remarkably cheap book. The Johns Hopkins know the inside history of the quest of the phrase-makings of Oriental life there is to be University deserves all thanks; nor should the Bryennios MS. will not stop here, for these ten found a genuine response to true kindness, just Patriarch of Jerusalem, nor Dr. hale, nor the plates represent protracted effort, patient wait- U. S. Consul, Mr. Henry Giliman, through ing, and happy concurrence. as in the wonderful flourishes of Oriental calli- whose kindness and efforts the photographs graphywemakeoutnameafternametowhich were obtained, be forgotten. The plates, which —The East does not yield its manuscript trea- the Western as well as the Eastern Christian form the chief value of the book, are perfect. sures so readily as once it did. The mere men- owes reverence and love. To one accustomed to Greek cursive manu- tion of the Codex Sinaiticus is enough to fire the scripts, they give little trouble, though they heart ofthe Oriental monk; and when we reflect ‘will considerably exercise the beginner and that the patriarchate which formerly held the [From the New York Observe,-, February 23, 1888.] even the ordinary Greek professor. In this Codex Alexandrinus was not rich enough to buy respect, however, they form an important addi- thefacsimile whenit appeared, and only received We have in this volume an exact repro- tion to the easily accessible means of practice it as apresent a few months ago, through the in- duction, by the aid of photography, of the for the student in this country; a practice tervention of an American scholar and divine, famous Teaching of the Apostles, with a fac- which the rising generation of Greek scholars we may begin to understand why the permis- simile text of the whole work and a commen- need to indulge in to some extent, if they sion to photograph such a MS. as the ‘Dida- tary upon it. The results of criticism upon would not be left behind in the present pro- ch& could not be procured without resort to this manuscript have also been carefully col- gress of scholarship in America. Next in order diplomacy, and that, when procured, the per- lected, and the book is a most valuable addi- of importance is the transcription; and this is mission was not immediately followed by per- tion to the literature of the subject. Christian very faithfully and well done, its pages follow- formance. However, the Johns Hopkins Uni- scholars may well be grateful to the Johns ing those of the original line for line, and versity was fortunate in its ambassador, Dr. Hopkins University and to the distinguished generally point for point. * * C. R. Hale, who brought to bear not only Professor Harris for this work, which brings to a fraternal interest in the Greek Church, but them in convenient and accurate form one of a contagious warmth of human sympathy which the most useful writings which has been dis- overcame any prejudices that may have un- covered during the present century.

CONTENTS.

PACE PAGE Scientific Notes: Recent Gifts and Accessions, 45 On the Assyrian Writing. By P. ilaupt 41 Twelfth Commemoration Day, 46 Abstract of the Report on Taxation in Maryland. By R. T. Ely, 41 Lanier Memorial Meeting, 48 The Arcado-Cyprian Dialect. By H. Wo Smyth, - - - 43 Maryland Academy of Sciences, 49 The Libri Evangeliorum Quattuor of Juvencus. By J. T. Hat— Hopkins Hall Lectures, 51 field, - 44 Enumeration of Classes, 52—58 Influence of the University of Virginia on Southern Life and Schedule of Hours of Lectures, etc., 59 Thought. By W. P. Trent 44

The Johns Hopkins University Circulars are printed by Messrs. JOHN MURPHY & CO., No. 104 East Baltimore Street, Baltimore, from wh single copies may be obtained; they may also be procured from Messrs. CUSHINGS & BAILEY, No. 34 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore. Subscriptions, $1.00 a year, may be addressed to the PUBLICATION AGENCY OF THE JOHNS HOPKINs UNIVERSITY, BALTIMORE; single copies will be sent by mail for ten cents each.