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Libro De Resúmenes 2014 Libro de Resúmenes del XXXVI Congreso Chileno de Microbiología Índice 2 www.somich.cl 4 Directorio SOMICH 5 Comité Organizador 7 Conferencias 9 13 SIMPOSIO 1 17 SIMPOSIO 2 21 SIMPOSIO 3 26 SIMPOSIO 4 31 SIMPOSIO 5 36 SIMPOSIO 6 41 SIMPOSIO 7 45 SIMPOSIO 8 51 SIMPOSIO 9 56 SIMPOSIO 10 62 SIMPOSIO 11 67 SIMPOSIO JOVENES MICROBIOLOGOS 72 SIMPOSIO SOCHINF 77 SIMPOSIO SOCHMHA 1 81 SIMPOSIO SOCHMHA 2 85 INCORPORACIONES 1 89 Incorporaciones 2 96 Incorporaciones 3 103 Comunicaciones Orales 1 110 Comunicaciones Orales 2 118 Comunicaciones Orales 3 126 Comunicaciones Libres Paneles 1 189 Comunicaciones Libres Paneles 2 257 Comunicaciones Libres Paneles 3 318 Indexo de Autor 3 Libro de Resúmenes del XXXVI Congreso Chileno de Microbiología Directorio SOMICH Presidente Vicepresidente Tesorera Dr. Nicolas Giuliani Dr. Claudio Martínez Dra. Cecilia Toro Departamento de Biología Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de Alimentos Centro de Estudios en Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Chile. Universidad de Chile. Universidad de Santiago de Chile. Secretaria Dr. Omar Orellana Dr. Francisco P. Chávez Dra. Claudia Saavedra (Presidente 2008-2012) Departamento de Biología Escuela de Bioquímica Facultad Programa de Biologia Celular y Facultad de Ciencias de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Molecular Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile Andres Bello. Universidad de Chile. Dra. Carola Otth Lagunas Dr. Carlos Blondel Dr. Francisco Remonsellez Instituto de Microbiología Clínica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Departamento de Ingeniería Química Facultad de Medicina Biología Molecular. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Universidad Austral de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Geológicas Farmacéuticas Universidad Católica del Norte. Universidad de Chile. 4 www.somich.cl Comité Organizador Sra. Bengoa Soledad (SOCHMHA) Dr. López-Lastra Marcelo (PUC) Dra. Bueno Susan (PUC) Dr. Martínez Claudio (USACH) Dr. Calderón Iván (UNAB) Dr. Orellana Omar (UCH) Dr. Collao Bernardo (UNAB) Dra. Otth Carola (UACH) Sr. Cornejo Jaime (SOCHMHA) Dr. Remonsellez Francisco (UCN) Dr. Castillo Luis (U. de La Serena) Dra. Saavedra Claudia (UNAB) Dr. Chávez Francisco (UCH) Dr. Santander Javier (U. Mayor) Dr. Ferreira Arturo (UCH) Dr. Seeger Michael (UFSM) Dr. Gil Fernando (UNAB) Dra. Stoll Alexandra (U. de La Serena) Dr. González Gerardo (UDEC) Dra. Toro Cecilia (UCH) Dr. Guiliani Nicolas (UCH) Dra. Vásquez Mónica (PUC) Dra. Levicán Gloria (USACH) 5 Libro de Resúmenes del XXXVI Congreso Chileno de Microbiología 6 www.somich.cl Conferencias 7 Libro de Resúmenes del XXXVI Congreso Chileno de Microbiología Conferencia PlenariaInaugural El mundo del RNA y el origen de la vida Lazcano, A1., 1 Universidad Autónoma de México. Aunque ignoramos como surgió la vida en la Tierra, las evidencias disponibles sugieren que hace unos 3.5 mil millones de años el planeta ya se encontraba poblado por una microbiota extraordinariamente diversa. Desafortunadamente, la ausencia de rocas sedimentarias de las épocas tempranas de la historia del planeta nos impide reconstruir las condiciones ambientales que existían cuando apareció la vida. Es decir, no conocemos cual es era la composición de la atmósfera terrestre, la temperatura de la superficie de nuestro planeta, o el pH de los mares primitivos. Sin embargo, la presencia de aminoácidos, bases nitrogenadas, compuestos lipídicos y otros monómeros de importancia bioquímica en meteoritos condríticos, junto con los resultados obtenidos en experimentos como el llevado a cabo en 1953 por Stanley L. Miller, apoyan fuertemente la llamada hipótesis heterótrofa de A. I. Oparin, que sugirió desde 1924 que la vida surgió en nuestro planeta como resultado de la evolución de sistemas de compuestos orgánicos de origen abiótico. El descubrimiento accidental de las ribozimas ha validado las hipótesis propuestas de manera independiente desde los años 1960s por Rich, Woese, Crick y Orgel, que sugirieron la existencia de una fase primitiva en donde la replicación de los genomas y la catálisis dependían de RNA. Aunque estamos lejos de entender la manera en que surgieron los primeras moléculas d RNA o de algún polímero equivalente, el llamado mundo del RNA permite entender la ubicuidad de moléculas de RNA y de ribonucleótidos en muchos procesos celulares básicos, e implica que el origen del código genético y el surgimiento de la vida ya no se puedan considerar como sinónimos. 8 www.somich.cl Conferencia Plenaria Las respuestas inmune inatas que controlan la infección del intestino por Salmonella Typhimurium Innate immune responses controlling Salmonella Typhimurium gut infection Hardt, W1.,10 Institute of Microbiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. Salmonella typhimurium (S.Tm) is a common cause of infectious diarrhea. A mouse model allows dissecting the roles of the pathogen’s virulence factors, the microbiota and the host’s innate defenses in the disease. I will discuss recent findings demonstrating the key importance of innate defense in protecting the host during the initial phase of the infection. The intestinal epithelium is an essential barrier separating the sterile organs of the body from dense populations of gut lumen microorganisms. Some enteropathogens, such as S. Tm, can invade into and breach this barrier. We used the mouse model of Salmonella diarrhea to analyze if epithelium-intrinsic defenses might help protecting the host. Microscopy revealed an initial phase where S. Tm invades and grows within the absorptive epithelium. This niche is restricted by NAIP1-6, NLRC4 or caspase-1/-11-specific expulsion of infected epithelial cells, reducing gut tissue loads by as much as ~100-fold. Bone-marrow chimeras and epithelium-specific ablation suggest that epithelium-intrinsic inflammasomes drive this response. We speculate that expulsion of infected enterocytes may represent a generic defense against infections of the intestinal epithelium. 9 Libro de Resúmenes del XXXVI Congreso Chileno de Microbiología Conferencia Plenaria Empaquetamiento artificial de los componentes del divisoma. Wrapping divisome elements in artificial containers. Vicente, M1., 1 Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC. Partial assemblies of the Escherichia coli divisome have been reconstructed in vitro, from simple nanodiscs to complex giant vesicles (GUVs). Nanodiscs allowed to measure the affinity between FtsZ polymers or oligomers and ZipA when tethered to a lipid bilayer (Hernández-Rocamora et al., 2012, J. Biol. Chem.287: 30097-30104). In E. coli, FtsZ and ZipA, together with FtsA form the proto-ring, the structure initiating divisome assembly. FtsZ polymerization can be induced by addition of GTP to permeable GUVs in which ZipA has been attached. This causes the shrinkage and invagination of the vesicle resembling the membrane invagination observed, together with the loss of permeability barrier, in cells producing high amounts of ZipA (Cabré et al., 2013, J. Biol. Chem.288: 26625-26634). Maxicells were used to probe properties and interactions of the divisome components. They are nucleoid-free cells in which protein synthesis is possible (Sancar et al., 1979, J. Bacteriol.137: 692–693). Although their nucleoid is degraded after the induction of non-repairable damage caused by UV-light irradiation, plasmids, due to their smaller size, remain intact and their genes are expressed. Maxicells retain proteins and functions of living cells. For example, fluorescently tagged MinD and MinE, two components of one of the septum placement mechanisms in E. coli, retain their pole to pole oscillation which is therefore independent of the nucleoid. Other proteins as SlmA, one component of the alternative septum placement mechanism mediated by nucleoid occlusion (NO), as well as the FtsZ protein itself, are degraded (Pazos, et. al., 2014, PLoS ONE 9(3): e91984. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0091984). In maxicells ZipA helps to stabilize FtsZ. Stabilization requires the FZB domain of ZipA to interact with the C-terminal central hub domain of FtsZ. FtsA*, which partly suppresses the requirement of ZipA for septation, is not efficient at stabilizing FtsZ (Pazos et al., 2013, J. Biol. Chem.288: 3219-3226). Even in the total absence of NO, the placement of FtsZ can be directed by the Min oscillations. Membrane anchoring is needed to organize FtsZ into rings and in addition the C-terminal hub of FtsZ is required for their correct placement. ZapA and ZapB are non-essential proteins that interact with each other and associate with FtsZ to promote and stabilize the FtsZ-ring. ZapB promotes the assembly of FtsZ into protofilaments and bundles. In maxicells ZapB localized to the division site independently from the nucleoid. A direct interaction of ZapB with FtsZ was found. Once the FtsZ ring disassembles after septation ZapA and ZapB may migrate from midcell to the pole taking FtsZ with them (Pazos et al., 2013, Environmental Microbiol. 15: 3282–3291). 10 www.somich.cl Conferencia Plenaria Host directed therapies for targeting pathogenic eukaryotes. Satoskar, A1.,1Pathology and Microbiology, The Ohio State University. Infections caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi are responsible for high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Over the last four decades, discovery of several new antimicrobial drugs has led to significant improvements in the clinical man- agement of infectious diseases. However, due to the rapid emergence of drug resistance, a high prevalence of co-infections and increased incidence
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