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Integrated Operation of the Beas-Sutlej System

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Siidhan~, Vol. 8, Part 2, March 1985, pp. 207-221 © Printed in India. Integrated operation of the Beas-Sutlej system P S RAO* and S RAMASESHANt *Indian Institute of Management, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore 560076, India )'Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208 016, India Abstract. The study deals with the integrated operation of the Beas and Sutlej link, a complex system. It utilizes the methodology developed in an earlier paper for reservoir operation. The results show the definite advantages of conjunctive use and carry over storage. The results also show that it is advantageous to divert as much water from the Beas to the Sutlej as possible. Keywords. Integrated reservoir operation; conjunctive use. 1. Introduction To study the conventional operation of a reservoir system in a multiobjective framework in order to evaluate the trade-offs between irrigation and power implied by past decisions, a case study of the Bhakra reservoir was undertaken. This study demonstrates the methodology and procedures of multi-objective analysis in an integrated framework. 2. System description 2.1 The Beas-Sutlej system The Beas river originates in the lower ranges of the Shiwaliks. The catchment area of the river upstream of Pong, where a storage dam has just been completed is 12,561 km 2. The average rainfall in the catchment is 1,778 mm. For a mean year the discharge at the Mahdi plain varies from 152cumecs in the dry season to 1,830cumecs during the monsoon, with an annual average run-off of 16,763 m cum. For a dependable year, the run-off is 12,835 mcum. The Beas joins the Sutlej river at Harike. The Beas project was undertaken to harness the water and power resources of the Beas river by storage and diversion works. It consists of (i) the Beas-Sutlej link, which comprises a diversion dam at Pandoh across the Beas in the Kulu Valley to transfer 4727 m cu m of water to the Bhakra reservoir through tunnels and open conduits capable of passing a maximum discharge of 255 cumecs; and (ii) the Pong dam which provides for a storage dam at Pong with a maximum height of 132-6 m, a gross storage of 8141 m cu m. and a live storage eapadty of 6,767 m cum. The power plant will have 4 units with an installed capacity of 60 MW each with provision for two additional units in the future. The water released from the Pong dam and utilized for generation of power will be used for irrigation through the canal system from the Harike headworks. Water from the Ravi is transferred by a diversion at the Madhopur headworks through the Madhopur-Beas link (maximum capacity: 283 cumecs) to the Beas river. This can be 207 208 P S Rao and S Ramaseshan diverted at Harike to irrigate the Be,as command. The Bhakra component of this system has been described in Rao & Ramaseshan (1985)and the interconnected system of the Beas, the Sutlej and the Ravi is shown in figure 1 of that paper. The inflows of the three rivers for a dependable year are summarized in table 1 and those for a mean year are shown in figure 1. 2.2 Irrigation and power demands A salient feature of the irrigation system is that the releases from the Bhakra reservoir can supply the Sutlej and Beas canal command areas and the releases from the Pong reservoir can be used only in the Beas canal command areas. Gross irrigation requirements for the Sutlej and Beas canals adopted by the Beas Designs Organization (aDo) are given in table 2. A comparison of the irrigation requirements of the Sutlej canal command with those of table 1, Rao & Ramaseshan (1985) reveals that there has been a slight upward revision of the requirements perhaps due to the increased crop water requirements of the high-yielding varieties. Constant firm power throughout the year for the Bhakra system was assumed by Minhas et al (1972). Table 3 indicates that planned levels of power generation vary widely between 766 MW from December through April to 1,697 MW in September. It seems that considerable secondary power is generated during the filling season when irrigation requirements are met fully by surface water at a reservoir factor (RF) of 1. From the available data, three types of firm power distribution over the years are abstracted and used in this study. They are shown in figure 2. The firm power level from December to April is denoted by P, and fl~ is the ratio of the firm power level in any RAVI BEAS SUTLEJ Inflow U/S Madhopur I pre partibon From B S ~--~ utilization ~ ( ~ ~ Link ' ' l -do- add,tional :23318203 ] [ ._.~ 3~ Reservoir uti~,zat,on ~:,- I I ~ D,~erfed to I lOSSeS U B DC ore par- [ }--~4716 ] Bhakra Lake AI tition utilizatton I I ' ' _ _ B ~_ Bh=,ra[21( through b L Dam 10--7~ - do-addltionalutihzatx~~At t~ ~ (212m3/sec ) ._i~3 5---~-] Releases for Available for power transfer thr ough~ ~ Releases for M 8 Link Rupar canals Actual transfer- r~ Releases for able ca,bacity Gain Hartk£ of M, B. Link I ~ Transit -~ LOSSES r---LL q ~,v /losses From WJ F~ Net to Harlke [2411 At p,,,~ 9--] contribtJt~nl ~'v r - Required for c---__--'~ Punjab and --~19159 J Haryana canals ._,,r~-92~ Required for Delhr water supp[y Required for Required for [ I ~ Rajasthan cana! "I"~L~I irngatl~ ~ lbZ t Transit losses At Harlke ~ Net to Harlke ~L~ II J'TTSS3 Requ,red for Note Ftgures are in m cu m I [-'V*~"U Punjab and are for a mean year Lj_~-09~-~ Requ,red for Rajasthan Figure 1. Surfacewater budget for Punjab water resources system (Lamba & Prem 1975) Integrated operation of the Beas-Sutlej system 209 Table 1. Inflow of rivers Sutlej, Beas and Ravi in cumecs for a dependable year River Beas River Sutlej at Mandi River Ravi Total Month at Bhakra Plain at Madhopur inflow June 11-20 707.5 360-5 312.3 1380-3 21-30 857.9 420-8 327-1 1605-8 July 1233-4 918-7 513-8 2665-9 August 1293-9 1464.6 530-6 3289-1 Sept 1-10 821.1 944-1 317.7 2082-9 11-20 582"2 649-9 221-0 1453-1 21-30 366.1 436"8 151-7 954"6 October 233.8 256"4 95.7 585"9 November 153.8 148-5 62.9 365-2 December 122.9 130-5 53-0 306.4 January 109.4 125-7 55.6 290-7 February 108-7 131-2 76-8 316.7 March 124-2 157"6 128.4 410-2 April 162.6 193-6 195-2 551-4 May 314.3 249"9 257.4 821-6 June 1-10 524-3 272-5 295.1 1086-9 Total inflow in million hec- tare metres 1-3723 1-2835 0-6713 3-3271 (Bhalla & Bansal 1975). Table 2. Irrigation requirements for Sutlej and Beas canal systems in cumecs Sutlej canal Beas canal Total of Sutlej system at system at and lkas Month Ropar Harike canal systems 1 2 3 4 April 388.3 262"5 650-8 May 760-9 406.1 1167"0 June 1-10 773.2 620-6 1393-8 11-30 773.2 628"3 1401-5 July 658-0 570-5 1228-5 August 658"0 570.5 1228.5 Sept. 1-10 770.8 623'2 1394.0 11-20 770.8 683-3 1454-1 21-30 770-8 803"5 1574"3 Oct. 1-15 776.7 713-6 149~3 16-31 776-7 602.9 1379-6 November 703.6 492-2 1195-8 December 1-10 675.8 381-5 1057-3 11-31 392-3 328.6 715.9 Jan. 1-15 388.9 317-6 706'5 16--31 395'6 317"6 713"2 Feb. 1-10 409-8 338-6 748-4 11-28 582"8 374.8 957"6 March 589.0 519'9 1108.9 (Bhalla & Bansal 1975) I'O Table 3. Beas-Sutlej system water power study for a dependable year g~ Releases in cumecs Power in MW e,, ga, Total releases Month Bhakra Pong at Bhakra & Pong Bhakra Pong Dehar Total t~ June ll-20 915.6 155.2 1070.8 620 64 530 1214 21-30 1066.1 215-6 1281.7 724 87 530 1341 r~ July 571.2 273,2 844.4 471 123 530 1124 t-, August 527.9 273.2 801.1 574 153 530 1257 Sept. 1-10 725.1 512.3 1237.4 851 316 530 1697 11-20 545.9 409.7 955-6 647 251 529 1427 21-30 545.9 486.9 1032.8 644 297 527 1468 October 550.2 402-0 952.2 651 234 366 1251 November 498.6 310.5 809-1 571 173 197 941 December 48ff0 135.0 615.0 534 75 157 766 January 526-7 135.9 662.6 550 74 142 766 February 58ff5 135,9 716-4 548 73 145 766 March 514.8 240.7 755-5 427 123 216 766 April 499.8 32.1 531.9 372 16 378 766 May 556.1 274.6 8307 388 124 530 1042 June 1-10 738.9 212.4 951.3 509 86 530 1125 (Bhalla & Bansal 1975) lnteorated operation of the Beas-Sutlej system 211 June II Jur~ 10 TYPE I T t23 P ,,½ i Jur,e 11 NOV- 30 Ap~.
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