Body Cavities and Abdominal Regions Body Cavities

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Body cavities and abdominal regions Body Cavities Are openings within the torso which contain organs, protect delicate organs from accidental shocks and bumps, and permit the expansion and contraction of organs without disrupting the activities of other organs. Dorsal Cavity Located on the posterior/dorsal surface of the body and surrounds the brain and spinal cord Two components: • Cranial Cavity – created by the bones of the skull to protect the brain • Spinal (Vertebral) Cavity – Formed by the vertebrae of the spine and surrounds the spinal cord Ventral Cavity Located on the anterior/ventral surface of the body which contains the chest and abdomen Two Components: • Thoracic Cavity • Abdominopelvic Cavity Thoracic Cavity The portion of the ventral cavity superior to the diaphragm. It contains: • Pleural Cavities – The spaces surrounding each lung • Mediastinum – A middle tissue mass diving the lungs into two cavities – Includes the pericardial cavity, esophagus, trachea, and large blood vessels. • Pericardial Cavity – Space in which the heart is located Abdominopelvic Cavity The portion of the ventral cavity inferior to the diaphragm. It contains: • Abdominal Cavity – Superior: from the diaphragm to the top of the pelvic girdle – Contains organs including the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine and most of the large intestine. • Pelvic Cavity – Inferior: surrounded by the pelvic bones – Contains urinary bladder, appendix, part of the large intestine, and the reproductive organs. Abdominal Regions The abdominopelvic cavity is so large that it is divided into regions. •Four abdominal quadrants or •Nine abdominal regions Abdominal Quadrants Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ) Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ) Abdominal Regions In the middle: Epigastric – above the stomach Umbilical – near the umbilicus (belly button) Hypogastric/pelvic – below the stomach Right and Left: Hypochondriac – below the ribs Lumbar/lateral – near the large bones of the spinal cord Iliac/inguinal – near the groin Abdominal Regions .

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The Subperitoneal Space and Peritoneal Cavity: Basic Concepts Harpreet K
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