World Journal of Sport Sciences 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010 ISSN 2078-4724 © IDOSI Publications, 2010

Building a Scale for the Trends of Kindergarten Teacher Towards Kinetic Education as an Educational Requirement

Hala Yehia Hegazy

Kindergarten Department, Faculty of Education, Benha University, Egypt

Abstract: The research aims to build a scale to measure the trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as an educational requirement and its relationship with her years of experience, with regard to the social - psychological - cognitive - physical - health and fitness - educational - aesthetic aspects. T he researcher used the descriptive approach with the survey method. The sample reached 300 teachers of the total number of the original sample (418), 200 teachers have been drawn to perform the pilot experiment and 100 teachers have been drawn to be the main sample of the research. The researcher has reached the following conclusions: building a scale for the trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as an educational requirement, the scale consists of 56 phrases divided into 7 axes (social - psychological - cognitive - physical - health and fitness – educational and aesthetic). The scale has an assessment scale 5-4 - 3 - 2-1 for the positive phrases and 1-2 - 3 - 4-5 for the negative phrases. The maximum degree of the scale is 280. The minimum degree of the scale is 56.

Key words: Trends Kindergarten Kinetic education

INTRODUCTION Kinetic Education is one of the most important activities carried out by child in the kindergarten stage, The attention to upbringing and education of not only because of the value of education to assist in the child are among the most important topics that development and the formation of his character, but one are of great importance with the emergence of social, of the favorite activities and through which he can satisfy economic and educational changes in the modern his love of the movement, by which he is characterized in communities. Sound upbringing, especially in childhood, that stage. So it is necessary for kindergarten teacher to is one of the most important foundations upon which pay attention to the availability of opportunity for human relies on to meet the of rapid civilization children to play and learn from playing. This can come challenges. true only if the kindergarten teacher has a positive trend The kindergarten stage is the stage which sets a towards kinetic education and has an interest of it as a strong foundation to build the child's personality; it is a subject or an activity that has an educational importance meaningful educational stage that has its own educational in the process of teaching and learning of the child. philosophy, educational objectives, programs, teachers, Moreover; the positive trend of the kindergarten tools and structures that are responsive to the vitality of teacher towards kinetic education leads to forming a good the child, his activities and his growth characteristics at impression at the child and creating of a positive trend that stage [1]. towards kinetic activity. It is necessary at the The kindergarten teacher is considered one of the development of the desired ideals and trends that the most important pillars of this stage, on which it relies to kindergarten teacher should indicate their educational achieve its objectives, as her role is not only limited to the importance; moreover, she should be vigilant to the educational aspect, but also extends to the educational opportunities that may help develop these ideals and and social aspects. She is the one assumed to form the trends. As the educational activities that appeal to the personality of children, form their identity and identify child – as they make him happy or because of their value- their trends and tendencies. All these things can be generate desirable trends towards what is related to those achieved only by identifying her own trends. activities [2, 3].

Corresponding Author: Hala Yehia Hegazy, Kindergarten Department, Faculty of Education, Benha University, Egypt. 1060 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

The most important reason for measuring trends about physical activity, comparison of trends women who towards sporting activities is that their measurement practice the sports activity and those who do not practice expects the individual behavior towards their activities, the sports activity towards physical activity, trends of since the trend draws the individual responses in a way students of the second basic education about the practice that is almost relatively constant [4]. of volleyball, trends of working woman towards the The researcher believes that the study of trends of exercise of Qatari girl with regard to the (physical, health, the kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education of the social, educational, psychological and cognitive )aspects, child is among the issues of importance, as - on its basis- the descriptive approach has been used and the most it is determined how much she is interested in kinetic important results indicate that the physical education education as an educational requirement. According to teachers who design physical and fitness activities are the researcher's knowledge, in the light of the findings of more inclined to physical activities in their classes. The previous studies and through searching in the libraries, trend of Bahraini women towards physical activity, as an the researcher did not find a scale to measure the trends experience of health and fitness won the first place. The of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as an trends of working women towards the exercise of Qatari educational requirement, prompting the researcher to girl of physical activity are positive trends as they conduct this research " Building a scale for the trends of improve the health and physical side. kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as an educational requirement". The Goal of Research: The research aims to build a scale The researcher introduced the previous studies to measure the trends of kindergarten teacher towards carried out on the (kindergarten teacher trends and trends kinetic education as an educational requirement and its toward physical education and kinetic activity), as the relationship with her years of experience, with regard to search is based on all those factors through building a the (social - psychological - cognitive - physical - health scale to measure attitudes and trends of kindergarten and fitness - educational - aesthetic) aspects. teacher towards kinetic education as an educational requirement. Some of the studies conducted on trends of Research Questions: In the light of the research goal, the the kindergarten teacher identified the impact of the researcher sets the following questions: educational preparation of the students and its What are the trends of kindergarten teacher towards relationship to the experience of the work, the training kinetic education as an educational requirement? period, the impact of class size in kindergarten on the What is the relationship between the trends of teacher's attitudes towards the teaching profession and kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as an relationship with the variables of marital status, teacher's educational requirement and her years of experience? age and years of experience and satisfaction of the female What is the nature of the trends of kindergarten teachers about their profession. The descriptive approach teacher towards kinetic education as an educational has been used. The most important outcomes have requirement concerning the (social - psychological - resulted in that work experience during the period of cognitive - physical - health and fitness - educational practical training have raised students' positive attitudes - aesthetic) aspects? towards the teaching profession and that there is a function of a negative relationship between the size of the MATERIALS AND METHODS classrooms and the teachers' positive trends towards the teaching profession. Also, there is a difference between Approach Used: The researcher used the descriptive the satisfaction of teachers about their profession and approach with the survey method for its appropriateness place of residence, marital status, age and years of to the nature of research. experience [5-9]. Other studies were conducted on the attitudes Research Community: The research community towards physical education and kinetic activity [10-15] in represents kindergarten teachers (senior teacher - teacher) order to identify the relationship between the trends of with a university degree, working in governmental teachers and their activities towards the practice of sports schools (Formal - Arabic) at the level of educational and fitness, trends of the community about physical administrations in Kalyobiya governorate during the education, trends of women in the Kingdom of Bahrain academic year 2008/2009 with a number of 578 (Table1).

1061 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

Table 1: Description of research community No. of teachers ------Educational Administration Senior teacher Teacher Total Banha 49 115 164 Toukh 35 81 116 West Shoubra 16 59 75 East Shoubra 8 26 34 Alkankah 2 15 17 Shibin Elkanater 25 28 53 Elkanater 4 16 20 Kalyob 8 28 36 Kafr Shokr 17 40 57 Alkhosous - 6 6 Alobour 1 4 5 Total 165 413 578

It is clear from Table 1 the description of the The researcher designed the scale in its preliminary research community of teachers in the educational form (Appendix 1) including the scale axis and its administrations in Kalyobiya province for the academic related phrases as follows: year 2007 / 2008. Axis I: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic Research Sample: Research sample has been chosen by education as a social aspect; it is composed of 10 phrases, the random way, amounting 418 of the total research 6 of which are positive and 4 are negative. community by 72.32%, excluding the incomplete forms, forms with dual responses and the not answered forms, as Axis II: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic the sample reached 300 teachers of the total number of the education as a psychological aspect; it is composed of 11 original sample (418), 200teachers have been drawn to phrases, 8 of which are positive and 3 are negative. perform the pilot experiment and 100 teachers have been drawn to be the main sample of the research. Axis III: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as a cognitive aspect; it is composed of 10 Referential Survey: The researcher identified the main phrases, 8 of which are positive and 2 are negative. axes of the scale basing on the following sources: Axis IV: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic Analysis of references and specialized academic education as a physical aspect; it is composed of 9 books on the field of kindergartens and physical phrases, 6 of which are positive and 3 are negative. education. Access to studies and Arab and foreign reference Axis V: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic researches in building a scale on the subject of education as a aesthetic aspect; it is composed of 9 research [7, 12, 13, 15]. phrases, 6 of which are positive and 3 are negative. Access to the different scales of trends, such as Kenyon scale of trends about the physical activity Axis VI: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic –designed by Gerald Kenyon and translated by education as a fitness and healthy aspect; it is composed Allawi [16]. of 9 phrases, 6 of which are positive and 3 are negative. Referring to the statistical references of building the scale. Axis VII: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic Interviews with specialists in the fields of sports and education as an educational aspect; it is composed of 11 kindergartens. phrases, 6 of which are positive and 5 are negative.

1062 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

Appendix 1: The scale in its preliminary form Prof. Dr. /...... Greetings,... The researcher / Hala Yahya Elsayed Hijazi, a professor at kindergarten Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Banha University, is doing a study entitled: " Building a scale for the trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as an educational requirement" As your Excellency has a great and extensive experience in this field. Therefore, the researcher would be grateful if you would render an opinion on the appropriate of the main axes and its phrases and your point of view on what to delete, modify, or arrange for the preparation of the scale in its final form. Kind regards and appreciation for your sincere help. Researcher Personal data: Name: Degree: Job title:

Axis I: Kinetic Education as a social aspect No. Phrases appropriate inappropriate 1 Kinetic activity contributes in the development of the spirit of cooperation 2 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child good cooperation with others. 3 Qualities acquired through kinetic activity has a benefit for the child in his social life 4 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the quality of honesty. 5 Kinetic activity contributes in children's learning of obedience. 6 Kinetic activity contributes in the establishment of friendships with others. 7 Kinetic activity does not help in making friendships with others. 8 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child self-love (egoism). 9 Kinetic activity contributes in dismissing the child from the others. 10 Cooperation is not necessary in the kinetic activities of the child. Other phrases you can add: 1 - 2 -

Axis II: Kinetic Education as a psychological aspect No. Phrases appropriate inappropriate 1 Kinetic activity contributes to develop self-confidence of the child. 2 Kinetic activity contributes in helping the child assume responsibility. 3 Kinetic activity helps the child be creative in the phenomena of life. 4 Kinetic activity helps the child control his emotions. 5 Kinetic activity contributes in children's learning of sportsmanship. 6 Kinetic activity contributes in helping children express their views without fear. 7 Kinetic activity does not help improve the child's behavior with others. 8 Kinetic activity contributes in the improvement of the speed of reaction of the child in different life situations. 9 Kinetic activity contributes in the dependence of the child upon the others. 10 Kinetic activity contributes to increase the child's tension. 11 Kinetic activity contributes in assisting the child to lose control of his emotions. Other phrases you can add: 1- 2 -

1063 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

Axis III: Kinetic Education as a cognitive aspect No. Phrases appropriate inappropriate 1 Kinetic activity contributes in giving the child scientific concepts. 2 Kinetic activity contributes in helping child understand the relations between things. 3 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child lingual concepts. 4 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the ability of detection and surveillance. 5 Kinetic activity contributes in helping child learn things about the parts of his body. 6 Kinetic activity contributes in giving the child the concepts of sport. 7 Kinetic activity contributes in increasing the mental ability of children. 8 Kinetic activity does not help the child acquire the correct pronunciation. 9 Kinetic activity contributes in making the child mentally incapable of learning achievement. 10 Kinetic activity contributes in making the child unable to understand the relations between things. Other phrases you can add: 1 - 2 -

Axis IV: Kinetic Education as a physical aspect No. Phrases appropriate inappropriate 1 Kinetic activity contributes in building large muscles of the child. 2 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the muscle power. 3 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the ability to use small tools. 4 Kinetic activity contributes in children's mastery of Kinetic skills. 5 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child muscular endurance. 6 Kinetic activity contributes in building minute muscles of the child. 7 Kinetic activity requires a greater extent than the ability of the child. 8 Kinetic activity contributes in weakening the health of the child. 9 Kinetic activity contributes to increase physical stress of the child. Other phrases you can add: 1 - 2 -

Axis V: Kinetic Education as an aesthetic aspect No. Phrases appropriate inappropriate 1 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the ability to appreciate beauty. 2 Kinetic activity contributes in the development of aesthetic appreciation at the child. 3 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child love of nature. 4 Kinetic activity contributes in providing the child with happiness during the performance of the kinetic story. 5 Kinetic activity contributes in achieving financial value of the movements performed by the child. 6 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the love to preserve the environment. 7 Kinetic activity contributes to make the movements of the child rough. 8 Kinetic activity contributes in making the child unable to feel the beauty of the movement. 9 Kinetic activity contributes in making the child separated from the environment. Other phrases you can add: 1 - 2 -

1064 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

Axis VI: Kinetic Education as health and fitness aspect No. Phrases appropriate inappropriate 1 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child activity and vitality 2 Kinetic activity contributes in the improvement of the internal organs of the child. 3 Kinetic activity contributes in the development of physical fitness of the child. 4 Kinetic activity contributes in giving the child's immunity against diseases. 5 Kinetic activity contributes in giving the child fitness and flexibility. 6 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child a good shape. 7 Kinetic activity contributes to fatigue the child regularly. 8 Kinetic activity contributes in making a disruption of the heartbeat of the child. 9 Kinetic activity is not conducive to the physically weak child. Other phrases you can add: 1 - 2 -

Axis VII: Education as a dynamic educational environment: No. Phrases appropriate inappropriate 1 Kinetic activity must be appreciated and encouraged. 2 Kinetic activity is based on scientific grounds. 3 Kinetic activity achieves an important part of the comprehensive education of the child. 4 Kinetic activity must continue until the end of the school year. 5 Kinetic activity is not only a type of recreation, but an important educational activity as well. 6 Kinetic activity contributes in giving the child good trends towards society. 7 Kinetic activity contributes in the development of habits and traditions of unwanted behavior. 8 Kinetic activity is considered a waste of time. 9 The child is obliged to practice kinetic activity if he was forced to. 10 Kinetic activity is of a little fun and should not be interest in. 11 Kinetic activity is a rest period between other activities. Other phrases you can add: 1 - 2 -

The proposed scale: fully agree agree disagree appropriate inappropriate

The Preliminary Form Was Submitted to the 7 Experts of the Members of the Professional Teaching Staff in the Field of Sports and Kindergartens (Appendix 2) to Express Their Opinions On: Appropriation of Axes scale to the objectives for which they were set. The amendment, deletion or addition, as their points of views. The order of axes according to their importance. The adequacy and appropriation of the phrases for each axis. The correctness of the language of words and their relevance to the research sample. Identification of the appropriate evaluation of the scale. That was during the period from Monday 06.07. 2009 to Sunday 12.07.2009.

Appendix 2: A list of experts, arranged alphabet order No Name post 1 Prof. Dr. Ebtehaj Mahmoud Tolba Emeritus professor, Educational Sciences Section, Faculty of kindergarten - Cairo University. 2 Assit. Prof. Hassan Alfangary Assistant Professor, Educational Sciences Section, Faculty of Specific Education, Benha University. 3 Prof. Dr. Salah Al-Din Abdel-Kader Professor and Chairman of kindergarten Section, Faculty of Specific Education, Benha University. 4 Prof. Dr. Leila Hamid Zahran Emeritus professor, Faculty of Physical Education for Boys, Helwan University.

5 Prof. Dr. Leila Osman Ibrahim Professor and Chairman, Sports Administration Section, Faculty of Physical Education for Girls, Helwan University. 6 Prof. Dr. Mohammed Ibrahim Albakiri Professor and Chairman, Fundamentals of Physical Education Section, Faculty of Physical Education in Alsadat, University of Menoufiya. 7 Assit. Prof. Nahed Fahmy Hatiba Assistant Professor, Chairman of Educational Sciences Section, Faculty of kindergarten - Cairo University

1065 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

The Following Amendments Were Done after Considering the Opinions of the Experts: The axes were rearranged according to their importance; as the fifth axis was put as the seventh, the sixth was put as the fifth and the seventh axis was put as the sixth. The phrase number 10 of the social aspect was re-worded, also the phrases no. 2, 6 of the psychological aspect and the phrases number 7, 9 of the health aspect were re-worded. The deletion of the phrase 3 and 7 of the social aspect and phrases 3, 5 and 11 of the psychological aspect and the phrase number 8 of the cognitive aspect and the phrases 1 and 10 of the educational aspect. The experts agreed on the phrases that reflect the (physical - health and fitness - and aesthetic) themes completely. The identification of the five fold evaluation scale (largely agree - agree – have not formed an opinion yet - disagree- largely disagree) and they equal the correction (five degrees-four degree - three degrees - two degrees - one degree), taking into account the reversal of these grades when correcting the negative words.

Thus, the scale has become in its second form (appendix 3).

Axis I: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as a social aspect; it is composed of 9 phrases, 6 of which are positive and 3 are negative.

Axis II: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as a psychological aspect; it is composed of 9 phrases, 7 of which are positive and 2 are negative.

Axis III: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as a cognitive aspect; it is composed of 9 phrases, 7 of which are positive and 2 are negative.

Axis IV: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as a physical aspect; it is composed of 9 phrases, 6 of which are positive and 3 are negative.

Axis V: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as a dynamic and fitness aspect; it is composed of 9 phrases, 6 of which are positive and 3 are negative.

Axis VI: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as an educational aspect; it is composed of 9 phrases, 6 of which are positive and 3 are negative.

Axis VII: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as a aesthetic aspect; it is composed of 9 phrases, 6 of which are positive and 3 are negative.

Appendix 3: Scale in its second form Dear teacher: Greetings Please kindly fill in the attached form, knowing that the answer should be with a quinary scale (largely agree - agree – have not formed an opinion yet - disagree- largely disagree). So kindly follow the following: 1 - Read the form 2- Put a tick ( ) beside the appropriate opinion of each phrase. 3 – Do not put more than one mark beside each phrase. 4 - The answer to this form is for the purposes of scientific research only. 5 - Please answer all the phrases. General data: Name (Optional): Qualification: Years of experience: Administration: School The researcher thanks you for your kind cooperation Researcher

1066 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

largely have not formed largely No Phrases agree agree an opinion yet disagree disagree 1 Kinetic activity contributes in the development of the spirit of cooperation 2 Kinetic activity contributes to develop self-confidence of the child. 3 Kinetic activity contributes in building large muscles of the child. 4 Kinetic activity contributes in building large muscles of the child. 5 Kinetic activity contributes in the improvement of the internal organs of the child. 6 Kinetic activity contributes in the development of physical fitness of the child 7 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the ability to appreciate beauty. 8 Kinetic activity contributes in helping the child assume responsibility. 9 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child good dealing with others 10 Kinetic activity contributes to increase the child's tension. 11 Kinetic activity contributes in giving the child scientific concepts. 12 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the muscle power. 13 Kinetic activity contributes in making the child mentally incapable of learning achievement. 14 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the quality of honesty. 15 Kinetic activity helps the child control his emotions. 16 Kinetic activity contributes in helping child understand the relations between things. 17 Kinetic activity requires a greater extent than the ability of the child. 18 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child lingual concepts. 19 Kinetic activity contributes in the development of aesthetic appreciation at the child. 20 Kinetic activity contributes to fatigue the child physically. largely have not formed largely No Phrases agree agree an opinion yet disagree disagree 21 Kinetic activity is based on scientific grounds. 22 Kinetic activity contributes in children's learning of obedience. 23 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the ability of detection and surveillance. 24 Kinetic activity contributes in weakening the health of the child. 25 Kinetic activity contributes in helping children express their views. 26 Kinetic activity contributes in the dependence of the child upon the others. 27 Kinetic activity contributes in helping child learn things about the parts of his body. 28 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child love of nature. 29 Kinetic activity achieves an important part of kinetic education 30 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child self-love (egoism). 31 Kinetic activity contributes in the improvement of the behavior of the child. 32 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the ability to use small tools. 33 Kinetic activity contributes in giving the child's immunity against diseases. 34 Kinetic activity is considered a waste of time. 35 Kinetic activity contributes in providing the child with happiness during the performance of the kinetic story. 36 Kinetic activity contributes in giving the child fitness and flexibility. 37 Kinetic activity contributes in dismissing the child from the others. largely have not formed largely No Phrases agree agree an opinion yet disagree disagree 38 Kinetic activity contributes in the improvement of the speed of reaction of the child in different life situations. 39 Kinetic activity contributes in giving the child the concepts of sport. 40 Kinetic activity contributes to increase physical stress of the child. 41 Kinetic activity contributes in achieving financial value of the movements performed by the child. 42 The child is obliged to practice kinetic activity if he was forced to. 43 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child a good shape. 44 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the love to preserve the environment. 45 Kinetic activity contributes in making a disruption of the heartbeat of the child. 46 Kinetic activity must continue until the end of the school year. 47 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child the ability to respect others. 48 Kinetic activity contributes in making the child unable to understand the relations between things. 49 Kinetic activity contributes in increasing the mental ability of children. 50 Cooperation is not necessarily gained through the Kinetic activities of the child. 51 Kinetic activity contributes in making friendships among children. 52 Kinetic activity contributes to make the movements of the child rough. 53 Kinetic activity contributes in the development of habits and traditions of wanted behavior.

1067 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

largely have not formed largely No Phrases agree agree an opinion yet disagree disagree 54 Kinetic activity is not only a type of recreation, but an important educational activity as well. 55 Kinetic activity contributes in helping the child to self-reliance. 56 Kinetic activity contributes in children's mastery of Kinetic skills quickly. 57 Kinetic activity contributes in making the child unable to feel the beauty of the movement. 58 Kinetic activity contributes in giving the child good trends towards society. 59 Kinetic activity contributes in acquiring the child muscular endurance. 60 Kinetic activity contributes in making the child separated from the environment. 61 Kinetic activity contributes in building minute muscles of the child. 62 Kinetic activity is a rest period between other activities. 63 Kinetic activity is not conducive to the physically weak child.

Scientific Coefficients of the Scale: The researcher to express an opinion to exclude or modify the phrases experimented the scientific coefficients of the scale on a and the introduction or addition of new phrases. This has sample of 200 kindergarten teachers during the period resulted in the exclusion of 8 phrases that obtained an from Wednesday, 15.07.2009 to Tuesday, 21.7.2009. approval rate of less than 60% of the total views of experts. The Veracity of Scale: To investigate the veracity of the scale the researcher used the following: - The veracity of The Statistical Veracity: The researcher set the statistical arbitrators: The researcher introduced the themes and veracity through: phrases, which amounted to 7 axes and 63 phrases on a group of 7 experts specialized in the fields of sports and Internal Consistency: The researcher calculated the the kindergarten, in order to make their views and veracity of the content or internal consistency, by judgments that the axes chosen for the scale agree with calculating correlation coefficients between the degree of the purpose of its construction and that all the phrases each of the seven topics and the degree of each term and belong to the axes in which they are included, as well as the degree of overall scale, scale.

Table 2: The internal consistency between the axe degree, the phrase and the total degree of the scale of the trends of the kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education N=200 No. Relation to the axe Relation to the scale No. Relation to the axe Relation to the scale No. Relation to the axe Relation to the scale 1 0.390 0.375 22 0.621 0.418 43 0.381 0.346 2 0.454 0.483 23 0.768 0.462 44 0.580 0.450 3 0.468 0.289 24 0.549 0.347 45 0.506 0.489 4 0.645 0.634 25 0.343 0.423 46 0.604 0.538 5 0.441 0.591 26 0.553 0.520 47 0.456 0.254 6 0.182 0.243 27 0.456 0.307 48 0.461 0.138 7 0.401 0.084- 28 0.315 0.195 49 0.487 0.383 8 0.364 0.217 29 0.354 0.240 50 - 0.727 9 0.466 0.042 30 - 0.719 51 0.373 0.318 10 - 0.585 31 0.433 0.276 52 0.438 0.303 11 0.285 0.212 32 0.376 0.385 53 0.353 0.006 12 0.523 0.435 33 0.319 0.207 54 0.425 0.357 13 0.742 0.637 34 0.601 0.431 55 0.289 0.397 14 0.396 0.328 35 0.368 0.327 56 0.286 0.328 15 0.548 0.587 36 0.463 0.277 57 0.550 0.294 16 0.622 0.514 37 0.453 0.174 58 0.543 0.547 17 0.542 0.390 38 0.60 0.170 59 0.506 0.241 18 0343 0.361 39 0.398 0.207 60 - 0.692 19 0235 0.129 40 - 0.617 61 0.546 0.366 20 - 0.842 41 0.357 0.364 62 0.678 0.362 21 0.634 0.377 42 0.586 0.460 63 0.493 0.370 The value of "R" at the level of moral 0.05 = 1.38.

1068 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

Table 3: Correlation coefficient between the degree of odd phrases and even phrases for the scale of the trends of the kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education N=200 Odd phrases Even phrases ------Axes mean deviation mean deviation R Axis I 18.150 2.658 16.535 2.047 0.253 Axis II 20.960 2.395 16.255 2.120 0.363 Axis III 20.260 2.603 16.865 1.994 0.569 Axis IV 21.155 2.050 16.010 2.169 0.300 Axis V 21.725 2.040 16.098 2.319 0.394 Axis VI 19.010 2.345 17.471 1.752 0.294 Axis VII 19.515 2.286 16.103 2.157 0.540 Value of (R) in the table at the moral level of (0.05) = 0.138

Table 4: Analysis of variance between the degrees of the pre-scale and post-scale for the scale of the trends of the kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education. N=200 Axes Type of variance degree of freedom Total of degrees Average Total of degrees Value of (F) Significance Social Within groups 1 19.8 19.8 Non-significant between groups 398 5626.6 14.1 Total 399 5646.4 Psychological Within groups 1 25.0 25.0 1.74 Non-significant between groups 398 5718.5 14.4 Total 399 5743.5 Cognitive Within groups 1 18.5 18.5 1.12 Non-significant between groups 398 6592.3 16.6 Total 399 6610.8 Physical Within groups 1 24.0 24.0 2.05 Non-significant between groups 398 4659.4 11.7 Total 399 4683.4 Health and fitness Within groups 1 17.6 17.6 1.26 Non-significant between groups 398 5552.3 14.0 Total 399 5570.0 Educational Within groups 1 16.4 16.4 1.51 Non-significant between groups 398 4329.0 10.9 Total 399 4345.4 Aesthetic Within groups 1 17.2 17.2 1.14 Non-significant between groups 398 6012.6 15.1 Total 399 6029.8 TOTAL Within groups 1 964 964 2.83 Non-significant between groups 398 135349 340 Total 399 136313 Value of (F) in the table at the level of moral (0.05) = 3.91

The Stability of the Scale: The researcher calculated The Scale in the Final Version: the stability of the scale through the half division of the responses of the first application into Axis I: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic the responses of odd phrases and responses of education as a social aspect; it is composed of 7 phrases, even phrases, then finding a correlation between the 6 of which are positive and 1 is negative. degree of two sections, she obtained a consistency of half-scale.. Axis II: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as a psychological aspect; it is composed of 9 Analysis of Variance: The researcher set the phrases, 7 of which are positive and 2 are negative. single analysis of variance between the scores of the pre-scale and post-scale in the axes and the Axis III: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic overall degree of the scale, as indicators of the stability of education as a cognitive aspect; it is composed of 8 scores. phrases, 6 of which are positive and 2 are negative.

1069 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

Axis IV: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic Pilot Study: The researcher conducted a pilot study on education as a physical aspect; it is composed of 8 Sunday, 26.07.2009 to ensure the integrity of the phrases, 6 of which are positive and 2 are negative. application of the scale, the calculation of time spent in practice, with 15 minutes average time to respond to the Axis V: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic phrases of the scale. the pilot study has achieved its education as a dynamic and fitness aspect; it is composed objectives. of 8 phrases, 5 of which are positive and 3 are negative. The Main Study: The researcher, after reaching the Axis VI: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic final for of the scale used in the study, applied it on a education as an educational aspect; it is composed of 7 sample of 25 female teachers of Benha educational phrases, 5 of which are positive and 2 are negative. administration, 25 female teachers of Toukh educational administration, 25 female teachers of Axis VII: Trends of kindergarten teacher towards kinetic Kafr Shokr educational administration and 25 female education as a aesthetic aspect; it is composed of 9 teachers of Shebin el-Qanatir educational phrases, 6 of which are positive and 3 are negative. administration during the period from Tuesday, 28.07.2009 to Monday, 10.08.2009, in order to verify the research The scale consists of 56 phrases divided into 7 axes: questions. (social - psychological - cognitive - physical - health and fitness – educational and aesthetic). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The scale has an assessment scale 5-4 - 3 - 2-1 for the positive phrases and 1-2 - 3 - 4-5 for the negative It is clear from Table 9 that the arithmetic mean is phrases. restricted between (17.84, 33.40), the mediator is restricted The maximum degree of the scale is 280. between 24 and 35, the arithmetic mean is restricted The minimum degree of the scale is 56. between 2.84 and 4.57.

Table 5: Coefficient correlations of the axes of the trends scale with the number of years of experience of the main sample N = 100 Axes Axis I Axis II Axis III Axis IV Axis V Axis VI Axis VII Total Degree Number of years of experience 0.752* *0.782 *0.615 *0.625 *0.732 *0.684 *0.822 *0.921 Value of (R) at the level of moral (0.05) = 0,195

Table 6: Characterization of the axes of the trends scale for the sample under consideration for Benha educational Administration N = 25 Axes (Themes) mean mediator deviation range Least value Highest Value Flattening Social 27.28 28 2.83 12 20 32 0.418 Psychological 33.72 33 3.54 15 28 43 0.710 Cognitive 30.32 30 3.22 14 25 39 0.646 Physical 27.64 27 3.22 14 21 35 0.519 Health and Fitness 28.60 28 2.48 11 25 36 2.218 Educational 25.50 26 2.23 9 19 28 1.49 Aesthetic 30.70 31 2.99 10 26 36 -0.757

Table 7: Coefficient correlations of the axes of the trends scale with the number of years of the sample under consideration of Benha educational administration N = 25 Axes Axis I Axis II Axis III Axis IV Axis V Axis VI Axis VII Total Degree Number of years of experience -0.041 *0.553 *0.578 0.0026 0.188 0.145 *0.454 *0.672 Value of (R) at the table at the level of moral (0.05) = 0,195

Table 8: Characterization of the axes of the trends scale for the sample under consideration for Toukh educational Administration.N = 25 Axes (Themes) mean mediator deviation range Least value Highest Value Flattening Social 25.88 26 4.50 17 17 37 -0.936 Psychological 33.4 35 4.57 16 25 41 -0.709 Cognitive 17.84 29 5.06 20 15 35 0.455 Physical 27.48 28 3.95 14 21 35 -1.13 Health and Fitness 29.08 28 2.95 12 25 36 -0.272 Educational 24.20 24 2.84 14 19 33 2.74 Aesthetic 30.72 31 2.99 10 26 36 -0.757

1070 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

Table 9: Coefficient correlations of the axes of the trends scale with the number of years of the sample under consideration of Toukh educational administration N = 25 Axes Axis I Axis II Axis III Axis IV Axis V Axis VI Axis VII Total Degree Number of years of experience *0.507 0.130 *0.331 *0.307 *0.744 *0.472 *0.202 *0.853 Value of (R) at the table at the level of moral (0.05) = 0,195

Table 10: Characterization of the axes of the trends scale for the sample under consideration for Kafr Shokr educational Administration.N = 25 Axes (Themes) mean mediator deviation range Least value Highest Value Flattening Social 28.16 28 2.82 12 20 32 1.255 Psychological 33.68 33 3.50 15 29 44 2.93 Cognitive 28.36 29 3.40 15 22 37 0.534 Physical 28.64 28 2.65 14 24 38 6.08 Health and Fitness 28.96 29 2.74 15 22 37 3.16 Educational 24.12 24 1.69 7 20 27 0.477 Aesthetic 30.48 30 3.63 15 24 39 0.494

Table 11: Coefficient correlations of the axes of the trends scale with the number of years of the sample under consideration of Kafr Shokr educational administration.N = 25 Axes Axis I Axis II Axis III Axis IV Axis V Axis VI Axis VII Total Degree Number of years of experience *.628 *.570 *.296 0.459* 0.155 *0.624 *0.582 *0.825 Value of (R) at the table at the level of moral (0.05) = 0,195

Table 12: Characterization of the axes of the trends scale for the sample under consideration for Shibin Elkanater educational Administration.N = 25 Axes (Themes) mean mediator deviation range Least value Highest Value Flattening Social 27.20 27 2.44 14 19 33 5.33 Psychological 34.65 35 2.30 11 29 40 0.539 Cognitive 28.40 29 1.50 5 26 31 -0.905 Physical 26.68 27 1.67 7 23 30 0.710 Health and Fitness 26.88 27 1.96 9 21 30 0.908 Educational 25.60 25 1.93 9 21 30 0.908 Aesthetic 31.76 32 1.30 5 29 34 -0.750

Table 13: Coefficient correlations of the axes of the trends scale with the number of years of the sample under consideration of Shibin Elkanater educational administration.N = 25 Axes Axis I Axis II Axis III Axis IV Axis V Axis VI Axis VII Total Degree Number of years of experience *0.551 *0.701 *0.600 *0.257 *0.718 *0.482 *0.658 *0.893 Value of (R) at the table at the level of moral (0.05) = 0.195

Table 14: Analysis of variance between the degrees of the pre-scale and post-scale for the scale of the trends of the kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education. N = 200 Axes Type of variance degree of freedom Total of degrees Average Total of degrees Value of (F) Social Within groups 3 66 22.09 between groups 96 1.023.04 14.1 Total 99 1089.31 Psychological Within groups 3 21.8 7.26 0.563 between groups 96 1238.24 12.89 Total 99 1260.04 Cognitive Within groups 3 89.15 29.71 2.38* between groups 96 1196.56 12.45 Total 99 1285.71 Physical Within groups 3 60.84 20.28 2.26* between groups 96 859.2 8.95 Total 99 920.04

1071 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

Table 14: Continued Axes Type of variance degree of freedom Total of degrees Average Total of degrees Value of (F) Health and fitness Within groups 3 78.12 26.04 3.959* between groups 96 631.44 6.57 Total 99 709.56 Educational Within groups 3 49.16 16.38 3.327* between groups 96 472.88 4.92 Total 99 522.04 Aesthetic Within groups 3 23.8 7.933 0.609 between groups 96 1249.84 13.01 Total 99 1273.64 TOTAL Within groups 3 33.06 11.02 0.64 between groups 96 11982.9 17.21 Total 99 12016.03 Value of (F) in the table at the degree of freedom at the level of moral (0.05) = 2.7

Table 15: L.S.D Test, the least moral difference between tends of kindergarten teachers towards kinetic at the educational administrations under consideration.N = 100 AXES Administrations Mean Benha Toukh Kafr Shokr Shebin Qanatir Social Benha 27.28 1.40 -0.88 0.08 Toukh 25.88 -2.28* -1.32 Kafr Shokr 28.16 -0.96 Shebin Qanatir 27.20 Cognitive Benha 30.32 2.48* 1.96 1.92 Toukh 17.84 0.52 0.04 Kafr Shokr 28.36 1.80* Shebin Qanatir 28.40 Physical Benha 27.64 0.84 1.00 0.96 Toukh 28.48 0.16 1.80* Kafr Shokr 28.64 1.96* Shebin Qanatir 26.68 Health and Fitness Benha 28.60 0.48 0.36 1.70* Toukh 29.08 0.12 2.08* Kafr Shokr 28.96 1.40* Shebin Qanatir 26.88 Educational Benha 25.50 1.32* 1.40* 0.08 Toukh 24.20 0.08 1.40* Kafr Shokr 24.12 1.48 Shebin Qanatir 25.60

It is clear from Table 11 that the arithmetic mean is The Answer to the First Question: What are the trends of restricted between (24.12, 33.68), the mediator is restricted the kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as an between 24 and 35, the arithmetic mean is restricted educational requirement? between 1.69 and 3.63. It is clear through Table 6 that the average grades of It is clear from table 15that there are moral differences the 25 kindergarten teachers in Benha administration is between the trends of female teachers in the educational 30.70 and standard deviation 2.99. It is also clear through administrations in research. Table8that the average grades of the 25 kindergarten teachers in Toukh administration is 30.72 and standard DISCUSSION deviation 2.99. Moreover, it is clear through Table 10that he average grades of the 25 kindergarten teachers in Through the presentation of the attached charts and Kafr Shokr administration is 30.48 and standard deviation tables, the researcher was able to answer the questions of 3.63. Moreover, it is clear through Table 13 that the this study through the following: average grades of the 25 kindergarten teachers in Shibin

1072 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010 el- Qanatir administration is 31.67 and standard deviation formation of his trends about things; and therefore she 1.30.This indicates the presence of positive trends at the will have a positive trend towards the kinetic education as kindergarten teachers of the four administrations and in an educational requirement. This was confirmed by other close rates towards kinetic education as an educational study [19] that kinetic education is not a goal in itself, but requirement. The researcher suggests that this is due to it is an educational system that depends primarily on the the presence of awareness at the kindergarten teachers of principles of kinetic learning and kinetic growth so that a the importance of kinetic education for the child at this child can be able to carry out educational duties as it stage and what they achieve of positive results to should be. It gives the opportunity for children to acquire develop him a comprehensive development. This is in line new skills, knowledge, information, trends and concepts with previous studies [17, 18] that the kinetic activity is of while improving and strengthening the elements of the a high degree of importance as it plays a key role in the desired education and the deletion of the undesired formation of the child's personality and is one of the main education. These results also agree with previous studies pillars of growth in this stage. [7, 9] that there is a correlation between the teacher experience and her positive trends towards the teaching The Answer to the Second Question: What is the profession. relationship between the trends of the kindergarten teacher towards kinetic education as an educational The Answer to the Third Question: What is the nature of requirement and her years of experience? trends of the kindergarten teacher towards kinetic It is clear from Table 5 that there is a statistical education as an educational requirement with regard to correlation among the degrees of the scale axes, the total the (social, psychological, cognitive, physical, health and degree and the number of years of experience of the main fitness – educational and aesthetic) axes? sample. While Table 7 shows that there is a statistical It is clear from Table 14 that he value of (P) calculated correlation between the degrees of (psychological - is larger than its table value where the value of calculated cognitive - educational - aesthetic) axes and the number (P) is limited between 0.64 and 3.959, which indicates the of years of experience for teachers of Benha educational presence of statistical differences in function at the level administration. Table 9 shows that there is a statistical of morale (0.05) among the four educational correlation between the degrees of social, cognitive, administrations in question in the axes of the trends scale. physical, health and fitness, the aesthetic and educational The table shows also that there are positive trends of the axes and the number of years of experience of teachers of research sample towards (social, cognitive, physical, Kafr Shokr educational administration. Table 13 shows health and fitness and educational) axes; and some that there is a statistical correlation between the degrees negative trends towards (psychological and aesthetic) of social, psychological, cognitive, physical, health and axes. The researcher suggest that this is due to the fact fitness, aesthetic and educational axes and the number of that the kindergarten teachers are not specialized in the years of experience of teachers of Shibin el- Qanatir field of sports and therefore do not have the ability to Educational Administration. perform the movement smoothly and this is what the The researcher believes that these results show that researcher noticed during her teaching the subject of there is a correlation between the years of experience of kinetic education to the students-teachers of the teachers of the four educational administrations and kindergartens as she noticed their lack of flexibility and (educational - cognitive - aesthetic) axes, while she found their inability to perform movements resulting from the that the least correlation between the years experience of failure to exercise sport for the majority of them at the teachers and (health and fitness)axes is in two educational different educational stages. administrations only; which indicates that the more As it is clear from Table 15, there are statistical experience the teachers have, the more trends they will differences in the social axis between Toukh educational have towards kinetic education as an educational administration and Kafr Shokr educational administration cognitive and aesthetic aspect. The researcher thinks that in favor of Kafr Shokr educational administration in the this is due to the fact that experience makes the teacher social axe. The researcher suggest that this is due to the have the capacity to understand the nature of the child, fact that the teachers at Kafr Shokr educational the demands of his growth and his love of movement, administration have good understanding of the through which he can acquire experience, knowledge and importance of the social aspect in helping the child to information to assist him in the growth process and the identify peers and make friends with them and satisfy the

1073 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010 social needs through interaction and social participation. exercise of children's kinetic activity allows him to acquire, This is consistent with other study [20], where it explained develop and enhance kinetic skills and abilities through that social harmony which can be formed between the rationed practice which depends in its performance on the children produce more opportunities for children to know coordinated action between the muscular and nervous each other and do many activities in order to acquire systems, as well as the development of components of social experiences and strengthen the bonds of friendship physical fitness that makes the body able to adapt to the among each other. effort and resistance to fatigue. It is shown in Table 15 that there are statistical It is also shown in Table 15 that there are statistical differences in the cognitive axis between Benha differences in the axis of health and fitness between educational administration and Toukh educational Benha educational administration and Shebin El-Qanatir administration in favor of Benha educational educational administration in favor of Benha educational administration; also between Kafr Shokr educational administration; also between Toukh educational administration and Shebin El-Qanatir educational administration and Shebin El-Qanatir educational administration in favor of Shebin El-Qanatir educational administration in favor of Toukh educational administration. It also shows that Benha educational administration; also between Kafr Shokr educational administration is ranked first in the field of cognitive administration and Shebin El-Qanatir educational aspect with arithmetic average 30.32 followed by Shebin administration in favor of Kafr Shokr educational El-Qanatir educational administration with arithmetic administration. It also shows that Toukh educational average 28.40. The researcher thinks that the awareness of administration is ranked first in the field of health and the kindergarten teacher to the importance of kinetic fitness aspect with arithmetic average 29.08 followed by education for the development of the cognitive aspect has Kafr Shokr educational administration for second place a positive impact in the development of information and with arithmetic average 28.69 and then came Benha cognitive skills of the child. It is through the kinetic educational administration in the third place with activity that the teacher can develop the linguistic and arithmetic average 28.60. The researcher thinks that the mathematical skills of the child through the activities she awareness of the kindergarten teacher to the importance chooses, like small games or kinetic story. This is in line of kinetic education for the development of the health and with previous study [2] which suggests that the process fitness aspect helps the child acquire activity and vitality of supplying information to the child is not limited to the and helps to improve the internal organs of the child. It is mere knowledge itself, but must extend to the ability to also working on the acquisition of immunity against the employ them so as to be enforceable, the acquisition of disease, besides acquiring him fitness, flexibility and good the child of such theoretical information and his ability to shape away from physical deformities. The researcher employ them may lead to the development of his mental believes that physical fitness is an important element in abilities and skills the live of the child as it helps him adapt to the kinetic and It is also shown in Table 15 that there are statistical health requirements. Fitness does not mean muscle differences in the physical axis between Toukh growth only, but it is a set of physical and health educational administration and Shebin El-Qanatir elements. This is consistent with other studies [12, 15] on educational administration in favor of Toukh educational the importance of practicing kinetic activity as an administration; also between Kafr Shokr educational experience of health and fitness. administration and Shebin El-Qanatir educational Table 15 shows that there are statistical differences in administration in favor of Kafr Shokr educational the educational axis between Benha educational administration. It also shows that Kafr Shokr educational administration and Kafr Shokr educational administration administration is ranked first in the field of cognitive in favor of Benha educational administration; also aspect with arithmetic average 28.64, while Toukh between Toukh educational administration and Shebin El- educational administration is ranked the second with Qanatir educational administration in favor of Shebin El- arithmetic average 28.48. The researcher thinks that the Qanatir educational administration; also between Kafr awareness of the kindergarten teacher to the importance Shokr educational administration and Shebin El-Qanatir of kinetic education for the development of the physical educational administration in favor of Shebin El-Qanatir aspect helps the child build his small and big muscles and educational administration. It also shows that Shebin El- also help acquire him muscle strength and muscular Qanatir educational administration is ranked first in the endurance. This is confirmed by other study [17] that the field of educational aspect with arithmetic average 25.60

1074 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010 followed by Benha educational administration for second Holding special training courses of kinetic activity for place with arithmetic average 25.50, while Toukh kindergarten teachers. educational administration was ranked third with Working on the provision of appropriate school arithmetic average 24.20. The researcher thinks that the environment for the smooth implementation of kinetic awareness of the kindergarten teacher to the importance activity. of kinetic education as an educational requirement helps the child form good trends towards the society and in the strengthening the positives which highlight acquire him desirable customs and traditions. The positive positivism towards kinetic education and clarify its trend of the kindergarten teacher kinetic education is importance to the child. considered one of the most important factors that urge her to pay attention to it as important activity or subject with REFERENCES an educational importance in the process of teaching and learning of children. 1. Badr, S., 2000. The reference in kindergarten. Alfalah bookshop, Kuwait, pp: 50-52 (In Arabic). CONCLUSION 2. Muwafi, A., 2005. Building a cognitive test in volleyball for students in the preparatory stage in In light of the objectives of research and within the Dakahlia province. The scientific journal of the research sample, the researcher has reached the following science of physical education and sports, Faculty of conclusions: Education, Mansoura University, 5: 2-5 (In Arabic). 3. Rabban, F., 1992. Teaching, its objectives, Building a scale for the trends of kindergarten teacher fundamentals, assessing the results. the world of towards kinetic education as an educational books, issue 3: 39-42 (In Arabic). requirement. 4. Shimon, M., 1999. Sports Psychology and The scale consists of 56 phrases divided into 7 axes: Psychometrics. The book center for publication, (social - psychological - cognitive - physical - health pp: 222 (In Arabic). and fitness – educational and aesthetic). 5. Fraser, H., 1997. The Initial Teacher education of The scale has an assessment scale 5-4 - 3 - 2-1 for the nursery teachers: do teacher training competences positive phrases and 1-2 - 3 - 4-5 for the negative help or hinder?. Early child development and phrases. care, 123: 560. The maximum degree of the scale is 280. 6. Inchausti, M.E., 1999. Class size reduction: effects of The minimum degree of the scale is 56. teacher attitudes toward students, training and There is a positive relationship between the trends of the kindergarten teachers towards kinetic education teaching methods (job satisfaction). Dis- Abs- Int., as an educational requirement and her years of 60: 1018. experience. 7. Asersi, A., 2000. The professional satisfaction of the There are positive trends for the kindergarten teacher kindergarten teacher in the light of some variables. of the educational administrations in question The annual scientific research conference, Center for towards (social, physical, educational, cognitive, the Study of Childhood, Ain Shams University health and fitness) axes as an educational (In Arabic). requirement. 8. Tantekin, F., 2002. The attitudes of early childhood There are negative trends for the kindergarten teachers toward gender roles and toward discipline. teachers of the educational administrations in Dia- Abs- Tnt., 63: 200. question towards (psychological and aesthetic) axes 9. Naguib, M. And N. Ahmed, 2003. Assessment of the as an educational requirement. trends of female student teachers and kindergarten teachers about the teaching profession in the light of Recommendations: In the light of the findings, the some variables. Journal of Childhood and researcher recommends: Development, the Arab Council for Childhood and Development, 3: 71-100 (In Arabic). Consulting the results of this scale as guidance in the 10. Pamcla, K., H. Silver and S. Pigxiaofen, 1998. process of preparing student-teachers of American education research association, San kindergarten physically. Dego, 4: 501-507.

1075 World J. Sport Sci., 3 (S): 1060-1076, 2010

11. James, A., 1999. Public attitudes towards physical 16. Allawi, M., 1993. Sports psychology.Dar Elma'arif, education. Princcton university, New York, USA, Issue 4, Cairo, pp: 435-450 (In Arabic). pp: 420-432. 17. Zahran, L. and S. Rashid, 2005. Educational playing 12. Al-Ansari, M., 2002. Attitudes towards physical for children, the theoretical and applied components. activity among women in the State of Bahrain. Dar Zahran for publication and distribution, pp: 11- Journal of Sports Science and Arts, Faculty of 23, 27-28 (In Arabic). Physical Education for Girls in Cairo, 16: 122-123. (In 18. Hatiba, N., 2008. The culture of the child in some of Arabic). the daily practices and developing his trends towards 13. Abdel-Wahab, M.M., 2007. Building a scale practice them. Seventh Annual Conference, the College of of volleyball. Ph.D.Thesis, Faculty of Physical Nursing, University of Cairo (In Arabic). Education for boys, Mansoura University, pp: 93-94 19. Rateb, O. and A. El-kholley, 1999. An introduction to (In Arabic). the integrated growth of children and adolescents. 14. Amer, R., 2004. Effect of Open Kinetic Educational the Arab Thought House, Cairo, pp: 54 (In Arabic). Program on the development of some basic kinetic 20. Morcy, A., 1998. The impact of the application of two skills and physical abilities and their relationship to terms on the attitudes of some students at the the level of kinetic cognitive efficiency for pre-school University of Helwan towards practicing the sporting children from 4 to 6 years. The scientific journal of activity. M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Physical Education Physical Education Sciences, Faculty of for Girls, Cairo, pp: 130-131 (In Arabic). Physical Education, University of Mansoura, Egypt, 12: 102-104. (In Arabic) 15. Bayoumy, N., A. Mahedy and A. ELamery, 2007. Trends of women working in the field of education towards the exercise of the Qatari girl for the sport.Journal of Sciences and Arts of Sports, Faculty of Physical Education for Girls, Helwan University, 26: 241-260.

1076