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Taxonomic Identity of the Interatheriidae SGO.PV.4004 And

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Taxonomic Identity of the Interatheriidae SGO.PV.4004 And O EOL GIC G A D D A E D C E I H C I L E O S F u n 2 d 6 la serena octubre 2015 ada en 19 Taxonomic identity of the Interatheriidae SGO.PV.4004 and SGO.PV.4005, and rectification of collection numbering of Caraguatypotherium munozi (Notoungulata; Mesotheriidae) Karina E. Buldrini1, 2*, Enrique Bostelmann1 and Sergio Soto-Acuña1, 3 1 Red Paleontológica U-Chile. Laboratorio de Ontogenia y Filogenia, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile. 2 Laboratorio de Zoología de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile. Las Palmeras, 3425, Santiago, Chile. 3Área de Paleontología, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, interior Quinta Normal s/n, Santiago, Chile. *Contact email: [email protected] Abstract. During the Second Symposium about Tertiary of mentioned by Suárez et al. (1990) were rediscovered, Chile, Suárez and colleagues introduce new details about revealing the conflict in the catalog numbering of the stratigraphy, geochronology and paleontological content SGO.PV.4004. In order to rectify this situation, the materials of fluvio-volcanoclastic deposits of the Cura-Mallín involved were studied thoroughly, and the results are Formation near Ralco and Lonquimay (Suárez et al., 1990). presented in this work. There, fragmentary remains of a small size fossil ungulate collected at Puente Tucapel were classified as cf. Protypotherium, and housed at the Vertebrate Paleontology collection in the National Natural History Museum under the 2 Geological Context numbers SGO.PV.4004 and SGO.PV.4005. Subsequently, different authors use the same collection number The specimens under investigation came from the area (SGO.PV.4004) for distinct materials exhumed in the Arica surrounding Lonquimay, Araucanía region (Figure 1), in and Parinacota Region, actually comprising the holotype of exposures outcropping on the east bank of the Biobío River Caraguatypotherium munozi (Flynn et al., 2005). In the (Suárez et al., 1990). The levels belongs to the Río present collaboration a detailed description of the remains from Lonquimay is provide, confirming their taxonomic Pedregoso Member of the Cura-Mallín Formation, which is assignment as Protypotherium sp. We also discuss the composed by sandstones, conglomerates, debris flows, conflict generated during the typification of the pyroclastic flows, bituminous shales, limestones and lavas, Caraguatypotherium munozi holotype, giving it the new characterizing lacustrine, deltaic and meandering fluvial collection number SGO.PV.22500. systems (Suárez et al., 1990; Suárez and Emparán, 1995). A diverse continental and lacustrine fauna is represented in the Key words: Notoungulata, Cura-Mallín, Protypotherium, sandstones and shale levels, including ostracods, bivalves, Caraguatypotherium munozi, Lonquimay, early Miocene. fishes, birds and mammals (Croft et al., 2003; Alvarenga et al., 1995; Suárez et al., 1990). K-Ar dating of selected 1 Introduction horizons indicates an approximate age of 17.5 ± 0.6 Ma (Suárez and Emparán, 1995), also supported by the The study of the fossil mammals of Chile and their bearing identification of some typical early Miocene fossil stratigraphic horizons has been scarce becoming common mammals, like Nesodon conspurcatus (Croft et al., 2003). only during the late 80’s, when several geo-paleontological expeditions took place. As part of this, Suárez et al. (1990) The holotype of Caraguatypotherium munozi comes from introduced details about the geology, stratigraphy, the surroundings of Quebrada de Belén, Arica and geochronology and paleontological content of the Miocene Parinacota region (Figure 1), and was collected in sandy deposits near Lonquimay, Araucanía Region, describing conglomerates and fine grained sandstones initially assigned several new ungulate fossils. Subsequently, Salinas et al. to the “Estratos de Caragua” and subsequently assigned to (1991) published the remains of a middle Mesotheriidae the Huaylas Formation, of late Miocene age (Flynn et al., from northern Chile, initially identified as Typotheriopsis sp. 2005). and posteriorly revised by Flynn et al., (2005), who established the holotype of the new form Caraguatypotherium munozi. Unfortunately, both 3 Methods and materials communications referred to different materials with the same institutional code: SGO.PV.4004. All the materials are housed in the Vertebrate Paleontology collection (SGO.PV) of the MNHN at Santiago, Chile. The Recently, during a ordering and classification work of the taxonomic determination and description was based on fossil vertebrate collection at the Paleontology Area of the diagnostic morphological attributes and compared with Museo Nacional de Historia Natural (MNHN), the remains specimens housed in the vertebrate paleontological 702 AT 5 Bioestratigrafía y Paleontología andina collections from the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Description—SGO.PV.4004 corresponds to a small fragment Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” (MACN) and the of the middle portion of the left dentary, with three teeth Museo de La Plata (MLP). Dental terminology follows the preserved (Fig. 2A-E). In labial view, the small and elliptical proposal of Mones (1979), utilizing upper case to denote mentonian foramen is located lower than the m1 trigonid (Fig. the dental upper series, and lower case for the mandibular 2A). The dentary is broken in front of p3 and distal to the series (i.e.: incisive; c: canine; p: premolar; m: molar). The talonid of m1, exposing its posterior border (Fig. 2A-C). The open taxonomic nomenclature follows the definitions preserved elements, p3, p4 and m1 (Fig. 2D-E), are bilobed, proposed by Bengtsone (1988). hipselodont (euhipsodonts sensu Mones, 1982), with a cement layer covering part of the enamel. Their size is similar to specimens of Protypotherium australe Ameghino 1887 collected from the Santa Cruz Formation in Argentinian Patagonia (Tauber, 1996). In occlusal view, the p3 shows sub- triangular section, with the trigonid larger than the talonid. The p4 is bigger than the p3, and exhibits the same ratio between the trigonid and talonid of p3. The m1 is the biggest tooth, with a conspicuous subtriangular trigonid, separated from the talonid by the hypoflexid and a lingual fold. The ectolophid is projected forming a terraced pattern with respect to the lingual wall, protruding the hypoconulid at the postero-labial edge. Figure 1. Location map showing the specimens under study and its provenance A, Caraguatypotherium munozi; Quebrada de Belén near Caragua, Arica and Parinacota Region. B, Protypotherium sp.; Lonquimay, Araucanía Region. 4 Systematic Paleontology Class Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758 Order Notoungulata Roth, 1903 Suborder Typotheria Zittel, 1893 Family Interatheriidae Ameghino 1887 Subfamily Interatheriinae Ameghino, 1887 Genus Protypotherium Ameghino, 1885 Protypotherium sp. cf. Protypotherium sp., Suárez et al., 1990 Material—SGO.PV.4004 (Figure 2, A-E): Fragmented left dentary, with well-preserved p3, p4 and m1. SGO.PV.4005 (Figure 2, F-I): Anterior portion of the mandibular symphysis, with fragmented portions of i1, i2, Figure 2. Referred specimens to Protypotherium sp.: i3 and c, and partial p1. SGO.PV.4004, left dentary fragment in A, latero-external view (labial); B, internal view (lingual); C, posterior view of the distal Locality and horizon— East bank of the Biobío River, in edge of m1; D, occlusal view; E, occlusal view (interpretative outcrops located 1 km north of the Puente Tucapel, Araucanía outline). SGO.PV.4005, left dentary anterior portion in F, lateral Region (Suárez et al., 1990, Bostelmann, pers. obs.), Cura- view (labial); G, internal view (lingual); H, labio-lateral view; I, Mallín Formation, Río Pedregoso Member, lower Miocene. labio-lateral view (interpretative outline); Scale bar = 1 cm. 703 SIM 10 PALEONTOLOGÍA DE VERTEBRADOS The difference in the buco-lingual diameter between the Geochronological data available for most of these trigonid and talonid on p3 and p4 is similar to those lithostratigraphic units are concentrated around 18 Ma to observed in large specimens of Santacrucian 16 Ma, largely consistent with the Santacrucian SALMA Protypotherium (Tauber, 1996; Bostelmann obs. pers.). in their classic locations at the Atlantic coast, currently This condition allows differentiation of SGO.PV.4004 from bracketed between 17.8 Ma and 16 Ma (Fleagle et al., other hypselodont post-Deseadan genera within 2012; Perkins et al., 2012). Interatheriinae like Interatherium, Cochilus and Miocochilus, in which this difference is reduced or absent (posterior premolars “molarization”, Simpson, 1932; 5.2 Rectification of collection number for the Stirton, 1953). Holotype of Caraguatypotherium munozi SGO.PV.4005 (Fig. 2F-I) is a right fragment of symphysis, Flynn et al., (2005) erected Caraguatypotherium munozi to corresponding to the anterior region of the dentary. It is typify a medium size Mesotheriidae originally described as anteriorly broken, exposing the transversal section of the Typotheriopsis sp. by Salinas et al., (1991). The holotype incisives and the canine anterior half (Fig. 2H-I). consists of a skull with part of the mandible, the anterior Posteriorly, the piece is broke at the anterior part of the p2 part of the appendicular skeleton and articulated vertebrae alveoli, cutting through the small mental foramen. The (Figure 3). occlusal surface is visible only at the rear portion of the canine. The p1 is the only preserved premolar, showing
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