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Influence of Trial by Media on the Criminal Justice System in India V.V.L.N

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Influence of Trial by Media on the Criminal Justice System in India V.V.L.N Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2019 Influence of Trial by Media on the Criminal Justice System in India V.V.L.N. Sastry Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Law Commons, and the Public Policy Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Walden University College of Social and Behavioral Sciences This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by V.V.L.N. Sastry has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Gregory Koehle, Committee Chairperson, Criminal Justice Faculty Dr. Daniel Jones, Committee Member, Criminal Justice Faculty Dr. John Walker, University Reviewer, Criminal Justice Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2019 Abstract Influence of Trial by Media on the Criminal Justice System in India by V.V.L.N. Sastry LLM, S.K. University (India), 2014 LLB, Osmania University (India), 2011 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Criminal Justice, Public Policy and Administration Walden University May 2019 Abstract Media exercises incredible influence on the public; in India media appears to interfere with court proceedings. The purpose of this mixed-methods quasi-experimental study was to explore the effect of media trials on the Indian criminal justice system and to examine the relationship between court verdicts and media trials in India. The narrative policy framework was used to guide the study. Qualitative data were gathered from a variety of sources, including the court cases and the related verdicts reported by the media as media trials from 2005 to 2015. Subsequently, interviews were also conducted to collect qualitative data. Quantitative data were sourced from a survey using Likert scales. Survey and interview data were collected from 450 India-based practicing attorneys. Qualitative data were coded and themes developed. Quantitative data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation analysis. Findings indicated that media interference affects the Indian criminal justice system, often adversely. Findings may be used to help public policy making bodies formulate media guidelines about reporting crime and the justice system in India. Findings may also be used to bolster public confidence in the judicial system in India. Influence of Trial by Media on the Criminal Justice System in India by V.V.L.N. Sastry LLM, S.K. University, 2014 LLB, Osmania University, 2011 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Criminal Justice, Public Policy and Administration Walden University May 2019 Dedication I would like to dedicate this to ‘Walden University’ which has provided me a great platform to pursue this course in ‘criminal justice-public policy and administration’. Acknowledgments I take this opportunity to thank my Professors at Walden University, namely Dr. Gregory Koehle, Dr. Daniel Jones and Dr. John Walker for their great guidance throughout my dissertation process. Further, I thank my family for their continued support. Table of Contents List of Figures ......................................................................................................................v Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study ....................................................................................1 Background ....................................................................................................................3 Problem Statement .........................................................................................................5 Research Design.............................................................................................................6 Variables ........................................................................................................................6 Research Questions and Hypotheses .............................................................................7 Purpose of the Study ......................................................................................................7 Narrative Policy Framework ..........................................................................................8 Advocacy Coalition Framework ....................................................................................9 Cultivation Theory .......................................................................................................11 Dependency Theory .....................................................................................................12 Assumptions .................................................................................................................15 Limitations ...................................................................................................................15 Implications for Social Change ....................................................................................16 Significance..................................................................................................................17 Chapter 2: Literature Review .............................................................................................18 Literature Search Strategy............................................................................................19 Cultivation Analysis Theory ........................................................................................21 Research Conceptual Models .......................................................................................27 Media’s Influence on Behaviors, Thoughts, and Attitudes ..........................................29 i History................................................................................................................... 29 Typology ............................................................................................................... 36 Features of Contemporary Studies on Media Influence ..............................................43 Media Coverage of Court Proceedings Patterns ..........................................................44 How Media Coverage Impacts Viewing of Justice Systems .......................................47 Literature Review of Methodology ..............................................................................60 Mixed Methods ..................................................................................................... 60 Social Inquiries ..................................................................................................... 60 Examples of Mixed Methods Studies ................................................................... 61 Research Gaps and Summary ............................................................................... 61 Chapter 3: Research Method ..............................................................................................65 Context and Setting ......................................................................................................65 Role of the Researcher .................................................................................................67 Research Questions ......................................................................................................68 Data Collection ............................................................................................................68 Overview ............................................................................................................... 68 Data Collection Philosophy .................................................................................. 69 Qualitative Data Collection..........................................................................................70 Sources .................................................................................................................. 70 Qualitative Survey Subjects .................................................................................. 73 Instrumentation ..................................................................................................... 74 Procedure .............................................................................................................. 74 ii Quantitative Data Collection........................................................................................75 Quantitative Survey Subjects ................................................................................ 75 Instrumentation ..................................................................................................... 75 Procedures ............................................................................................................. 76 Data Analysis ...............................................................................................................77 Inductive and Deductive Approaches ................................................................... 77 Analysis of Qualitative Data ................................................................................
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