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UCSB's Materials Miracle

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UCSB's Materials Miracle UCSB’s Materials Miracle: A Blueprint for Success Glenn H. Fredrickson Mitsubishi Chemical Professor, Director MC-CAM Departments of Chemical Engineering and Materials 2010 NRC Rankings: Materials Science & Engineering On September 28, 2010, The National Research Council (NRC) published its long- awaited report evaluating over 5,000 doctoral programs in 62 fields at 212 universities The 2010 rankings specified 5 percentile and 95 percentile confidence intervals using a number of criteria. The most important of these are the so-called S (survey) and R (regression) rankings Only three other programs in the country share UCSB Materials "1111" ranking: Economics at Harvard, Statistics at Stanford, and Performing Arts at NYU Young but Distinguished UCSB College of Engineering: • Founded 1961 – 50 yrs old UCSB Materials Department • Founded 1986 – 25 yrs old How did UCSB get to #1 in less than 25 years? Engineering, top 10 by S In fact, all five College of Engineering (COE) graduate programs in UCSB are "top 10" (when the S ranking is used) We will see that UCSB’s broader success is intimately linked to the success in Materials! Outline . Beginnings (1980-1990) . Prerequisites . Visionaries . Multi-discipline . Maturation (1990-2000) . Shared facilities . Centers . Education and outreach . Recognition (2000-2010) . Closing Remarks Beginnings (1980-1990) Robert Mehrabian Dean, COE 1983-1990 Prerequisites: build from strength By 1980, select areas of UCSB physical science and engineering had established a national reputation for excellence: . Physics Dept – led by an ambitious and talented faculty hired in the 1960s . Institute for Theoretical Physics (est. 1979, now KITP) – used to attract Nobel Laureate R. Schrieffer, F. Wilczek and others . Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids (est. 1982, IPOS, now CPOS) – used to attract A. Heeger, F. Wudl in semiconducting polymers . Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) – strategic focus on non-silicon solid state science starting in 1976 The Visionary Around 1980, informal discussions surrounding a materials program were already taking place among R. Odette, G. Lucas, J. Merz, H. Kroemer, A. Heeger, J. Langer and others The effort was catalyzed by the arrival in 1983 of Robert Mehrabian as Dean of the College of Engineering . He was promised 15 FTE . By the time Mehrabian left UCSB in 1990, he had made 69 hires! Robert Mehrabian . 1968-75 – Asst./Assoc. Prof., Materials Science Dept., MIT . 1975-79 – Prof., Materials Science Dept., U. Illinois . 1979-83 – Director, Center for Mat. Sci., NBS . 1983-90 – Dean, COE, UCSB . 1990-97 – President, Carnegie Mellon University . 1999-11 – President, CEO, Chairman, Teledyne Technologies Inc. Mehrabian’s Strategy 1. Initially, build on the strength in ECE in III-V semiconductors and opto- electronics, and develop new initiatives in structural (metallic and ceramic) and macromolecular materials 2. Forge alliances with key administrators and Academic Senate leaders 3. Partner with industry, DOD, and DOE to satisfy startup equipment needs 4. Recruit a leader for the new materials program 5. Nucleate new areas with cluster hires of world-class mid-career faculty, many from industry. Reinforce with junior appointments 6. New faculty are appointed jointly in new Materials Dept and an existing Department Electronic Materials: Building on Strength in ECE . Mehrabian, H. Kroemer, J. Merz, and others forged a strategy around III-V semiconductors, heterojunctions, and optoelectronics . Key hires included . Larry Coldren (1984, Bell Labs, optoelect.) . Evelyn Hu (1984, Bell Labs, micro/nanofabrication) . Pierre Petroff (1986, Bell Labs, quantum structures) . Art Gossard (1987, Bell Labs, MBE growth) Arthur Gossard • NAS, NAE • Co-discoverer, quantum confined Stark effect • Co-discoverer fractional Hall effect • 3-time Winner of the AAAS Newcomb Cleveland Prize • 1078 papers, 43 citations/paper • H-index: 106 Strategic Alliances Robert A. Huttenback Ray Sawyer (Physics) Chancellor 1977-1986 Executive Vice Chancellor Robert Mehrabian ~1982-1986 Dean, COE 1983-1990 I was feeding at the same plate as everyone else, I was just hungrier! Robert Mehrabian, February 2011 AS Committee on Educational Academic Senate Chair Policy and Academic Planning (CEPAP) R. Sawyer (Physics) 1980-81 K. Millett (Math) 1982-83 R. Odette (ME) 1985-1986 B. Kirtman (Chem) 1984-85 G. Taborski (Bio) 1987 D. Mellichamp (ChemE) 1990-92 R. Watts (Chem) 1988-1989 The Leader . In the early 1980s, Mehrabian served on a DARPA advisory committee with Tony Evans of Berkeley/LBL . After more than a year of courting, assisted by J. Langer, R. Schreiffer, A. Heeger and others, Tony decided to come to UCSB to head the new materials program . Tony led the creation of a Materials Department and wrote many successful proposals to the DOD (URI, DARPA, ONR), DOE and NSF Anthony G. Evans •NAS, NAE, FRS •ISI Highly cited author in Materials Science, Engineering & Physics •Prior to UCSB, work experience at NBS, Rockwell, UC Berkeley •Former Chair, Defense Sciences Research Council •Founding Chair, Materials Dept, UCSB 1985-1994 •799 papers, 47 citations/paper •H-index: 97 Foundations of a Program . By the time of the 1986 Materials Dept proposal, the basic structure was in place . Evans and Mehrabian used mid-career cluster hires to seed the structural and polymers areas . Many of these hires had experience at premier corporate research labs: . Bell Labs . IBM . Exxon Corp. Research . DuPont Experimental Station . Rockwell Research Center A. G. Evans, A Proposal for a Department of Materials at UCSB, Feb 1986, pg. 64 “Bell Labs West” UCSB has probably the highest concentration of former Bell Labs employees as current or former faculty: COE alone: . Fred Wudl . John Bowers . Art Gossard . Pierre Petroff . Joe Zasadzinski . Dale Pearson . Glenn Fredrickson . Larry Coldren . Kwang-Ting Cheng . Evelyn Hu . Jim Allen . Mark Rodwell . John Shynk . Sanjit Mitra . Tom Soh . Haitao Zheng . Lawrence Rabiner . … Bell Labs, 600 Mountain Ave., Murray Hill, NJ, 07974 Breaking Down Departmental Barriers New faculty were given joint appointments between the Materials Dept. and existing Depts. in COE and MLPS: . Inter-disciplinary research is the norm . Good for you is good for me . Ideal platform for training students UCSB Materials today Strengthening Other Departments Existing Departments in COE and MLPS derived a significant benefit from the infusion of world-class faculty jointly appointed with Materials Case in point: Chemical Engineering Materials Related Chemical (& Nuclear) Engineering Appointments (1970-2000) . Bob Odette (1970, structure materials/nuclear) . Gene Lucas (1978, structural materials/nuclear) . Phillip Pincus (1985, complex fluids theory, Exxon) . Fred Lange (1986, ceramic processing, Rockwell) . Joe Zasadzinski (1986, complex fluids microscopy, Bell Labs) . Jacob Israelachvili (1986, colloids & surfaces, ANU) . Paul Smith (1987, polymer processing, DSM & DuPont) . Dale Pearson (1987, polymer rheology, Exxon & Bell Labs) . Gary Leal (1989, fluids and polymers, Caltech) . Henry Weinberg (1989, surf. sci. & electronic matls., Caltech) . Glenn Fredrickson (1990, polymer theory, Bell Labs) . Brad Chmelka (1990, inorganic materials, UC Berkeley, 1982 NRC Study – UCSB ChE not rated Unocal) . Eray Aydil (1993, electronic materials processing, U. 1995 NRC Study – UCSB ChE #14 Minnesota) 2011 NRC Study – UCSB ChE #2 . Dmitri Maroudas (1994, computational materials, MIT) . David Pine (1995, soft condensed matter, Exxon) . Edward Kramer (1997, experimental polymer physics, Cornell) . Matthew Tirrell (1999, biopolymer interfaces, U. Minnesota) Maturation (1990-2000) Venky Narayanamurti Dean, COE 1992-1998 Shared Facilities Starting with Mehrabian and Evans, and fully CNSI Building ~10,000 ft2 developed in the 1990s, UCSB pioneered the Microscopy and Microanalysis development of open-access user facilities for materials characterization X-Ray Spectroscopy Today, nearly all new pieces of major equipment are placed in such facilities EII MBE Benefits include: Materials Processing • Broad range of instrumentation MOCVD • Shared/leveraged costs Mechanical Testing • Professional staff to train users and maintain equipment • Facilitate collaborations across UCSB, with other universities and industry ESB ~10,000 ft2 Nanofab MRL Polymer Characterization X-Ray Chemistry MRL Administered Facilities Facility Faculty Supervisor Development Engineer TEMPO: Ram Seshadri Joe Doyle (formerly Chemistry) Computation: Frank Brown Paul Weakliem, Jeffrey J. Barteet (joint with CNSI) Glenn Fredrickson Linda Hall Microscopy James Speck Dr. Jan Lofvander and Microanalysis: (Committee Chair) Dr. Tom Mates Dr. Stefan Kraemer Mark Cornish Spectroscopy Song-I Han Dr. Jerry Hu Nicole Holstrom Polymer Characterization: Craig Hawker Dr. K. Brzezinska X-Ray Diffraction: Cyrus Safinya Dr. Youli Li Morito Divinagracia MRL Facilities Use 2009 User Departments (>12): ECE, Chem. Engr., Materials, Mech. Engr., Biology, Chemistry, Geology, Marine Sci., Physics, CNSI, Environmental Sci., … Research Recharged Facility # of Users Groups Hours (2009) TEMPO 159 41 10,085 Computation 40 6 - Microscopy >289 53 12268 Polymer 187 34 3592 Spectroscopy 161 39 18542 X-Ray 348 54 9076 These facilities enable a spectacular range of materials science across UCSB External Users of MRL Facilities MRL Facilities – External Users – 2008 Start-ups and Small Companies Advantageous Systems Kaai Universities Aerius Photonics Lawrence Berkeley Labs Allergan L3-Infrared
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