DOCSLIB.ORG

Arrow” Meaning of Education, Firstly Introduced by John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) in 1867

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Arrow” Meaning of Education, Firstly Introduced by John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) in 1867 ANGLIA RUSKIN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF HEALTH, SOCIAL CARE AND EDUCATION THE IMPACT OF THE ECONOMIC CRISIS IN GREECE ON THE PROFESSIONAL LIVES AND TEACHING PRACTICES OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS: A CRITICAL PEDAGOGY APPROACH THEOPOULA (POLINA) CHRYSOCHOU A thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Anglia Ruskin University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Submitted: January 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my UK supervisor, Emeritus Professor Dave Hill, for his enthusiasm, motivation and precious guidance. He was the one who believed in me, gave me the opportunity to apply for and finally get the PhD studentship that made this study possible. During the years I spent as a student in a foreign country, he introduced me to precious theoretical and practical fields of academic work and has been above all a friend and a companion. I would also like to express my deep gratitude to my Greek supervisor, Professor Kostas Skordoulis, for being a mentor, a trusted friend and a constant source of inspiration. He guided me through my MA making use of our common background in physics and introduced me to Critical Pedagogy and Marxist research. Over the course of my academic life, he has guided and supported me always being available to hear my research concerns. I would like to thank my second supervisor, Dr Alpesh Maisuria for his constructive comments and suggestions. Being half-way through his doctoral thesis, he was more of a colleague who was there to offer daily practical advice. I would also like to thank Anglia Ruskin University and especially the Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education for supporting financially this study with a PhD stipend studentship during the first three years and with two more tuition-free years. I should not forget to thank all my mentors including among them Professors George Grollios and Panagiota Gounari and Assistant Professor Periklis Pavlidis. Finally, I am deeply grateful to the participating teachers. This thesis would have never been completed without them and without the precious help of my sister and my brother- in-law or without the support and understanding of precious friends. Last but not least, I would like to thank my mother for her moral and financial support throughout my studies. In loving memory of my father i ANGLIA RUSKIN UNIVERSITY ABSTRACT FACULTY OF HEALTH, SOCIAL CARE AND EDUCATION DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY THE IMPACT OF THE ECONOMIC CRISIS IN GREECE ON THE PROFESSIONAL LIVES AND TEACHING PRACTICES OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS: A CRITICAL PEDAGOGY APPROACH THEOPOULA (POLINA) CHRYSOCHOU January 2018 This study presents a discussion of the ramifications of the economic crisis ravaging Greece since 2009 on the professional lives and the teaching practices of Greek primary school teachers. Placed in the general framework of a global attempt to reform education by making it comply with neoconservative and neoliberal directions, my thesis discusses the particular case of Greece and investigates the possibility of an international educational paradigm seeking to impose a market reasoning on school culture and create a disciplined privatised educational sector in pursuit of profit. The issue is approached through the Critical Pedagogy Approach and thus, uses Marxist analytical tools and places the whole thinking within the philosophical framework of dialectical materialism. This is an attempt to fully understand and interpret the causes and nature of the crisis, along with its impact. For this reason, a holistic approach is employed based on both empirical evidence and a coherent theoretical and philosophical framework that examines schools and education in an economic, social, political and ideological context. The analysis of the data shows that all aspects relevant to the educational process have been severely affected in terms of infrastructure, relationships, personal development and quality of teaching and learning. Due to the nature of their profession, teachers proved a rich source of data regarding all aspects of the crisis and its repercussions on themselves, their students and Greek society as a whole. The findings confirmed the initial assumption that was formulated at the beginning of this thesis, that a critical and radical approach of the crisis is needed in order to fully comprehend its real causes and unmask the attempts to implement the complete neoliberal transformation of education. Key words: dialectical materialism, critical pedagogy, Greece, teachers, crisis, Marxism ii CHAPTER 1: Introduction: A Requiem for the End of Great Narratives in the Era of the Crisis .................................................................................................................... 11 1.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................... 11 1.2. Education at the point of no return ............................................................................ 12 1.3. The ‘manufactured’ crisis and educational reforms in the era of a market-driven society ............................................................................................................................... 13 1.4. Outlining the argument .............................................................................................. 16 1.4.1. Restructuring education as a consequence of the crisis or the crisis as an excuse for restructuring education? ....................................................................................... 16 1.4.2. The dark tradition of the ‘good-old recipe’: neoliberalism .............................. 17 1.4.3. Can we speak of an international educational paradigm? ................................ 23 1.5. The starting point of the debate ................................................................................. 25 1.5.1. In Greece today: a nation at risk and the educational reform .......................... 25 1.5.2. What about the teachers’ role? ......................................................................... 28 1.5.3. What about the role of the intellectuals? ......................................................... 29 1.5.3.1. Making teachers the enemy: where does it lead? ................................. 30 1.5.3.2. Reflecting on the distinction between manual and mental labour ....... 31 1.5.3.3. Uniting theory and practice .................................................................. 34 1.5.3.4. Characteristics of the revolutionary intellectual .................................. 38 1.6. Framing the study: The research problem, questions and purpose of this study ....... 40 1.7. Methodology .............................................................................................................. 41 1.7.1. The drive for this research: My research ‘lenses’ ............................................ 41 1.7.2. Reclaiming objectives ...................................................................................... 43 1.7.3. Reclaiming a research educational agenda in times of crisis: my philosophical stance ......................................................................................................................... 43 1.7.4. Rationale of my philosophical approach ......................................................... 45 1.7.5. Public education in capitalism: a Marxist perspective ..................................... 47 1.7.6. Research methods and axes ............................................................................. 48 1.7.7. Beyond education and empowerment as a social act: personal research stance ................................................................................................................................... 49 1.8. Conclusion: where do I start? .................................................................................... 50 1.9. The structure of the thesis .......................................................................................... 51 CHAPTER 2: Theoretical FrameWork ....................................................................... 54 2.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................... 54 iii 2.2. Is there a place for a theory of knowledge in education? .......................................... 54 2.3. The sociology of education: birth and evolution ....................................................... 55 2.4. Empiricism, rationalism and explanation in the human and natural sciences ........... 60 2.5. Limitations of empiricist and rationalist epistemologies ........................................... 65 2.6. Why Marxist epistemology? ...................................................................................... 74 2.7. Towards a Factual Theory of Education ................................................................... 76 2.8. Summary .................................................................................................................... 77 CHAPTER 3: Looking Beyond the Obvious and Examining Crucial Notions in the Discourse of Crisis and Capitalism .............................................................................. 78 3.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................... 78 3.2. The echoes of TINA .................................................................................................. 78 3.3. The brief challenge to capitalism
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Misunderstood and Forgotten: the Greek Naval Mutiny of April 1944 Mark C
    Misunderstood and Forgotten 367 Misunderstood and Forgotten: The Greek Naval Mutiny of April 1944 Mark C. Jones Abstract After being driven from Greece by the German military in 1941, the Royal Hellenic Navy (RHN) operated alongside Britain’s Royal Navy (RN) from bases in Egypt, Lebanon, and Malta. In April 1944 the RHN experienced a widespread mutiny, which began in Alexandria, Egypt, over the political composition of the Greek government. This essay explores the importance of the Alexandria mutiny to the RHN. It investigates the role of the navy in the royalist/republican rivalry of the 1920s–1930s, the wartime return to service of republican officers, the RHN’s operations under British direction in the eastern Mediterranean, the political orientation of the government-in-exile, disturbances in the RHN prior to the mutiny, the events of the mutiny itself, the aftermath of the mutiny, how the mutiny affected the RN-RHN relationship, and the significance of the mutiny within the context of naval history in general. Wartime RN records held at the Public Record Office outside London, United States Navy intelligence reports held at the National Archives and Records Administration at College Park, Maryland, as well as unpublished and published secondary sources, provide the basis of this investigation. Multinational naval operations are a common occurrence in today’s world. While the United States Navy is presently the most powerful in the world, it frequently operates with ships from allied navies to reach its security goals. Such allied cooperation dates back to World War II when escort groups in the Battle of the Atlantic were composed of ships from the U.S., Canadian, and Royal Navies along with a handful of Polish, Free French, Norwegian, and Dutch ships.
    [Show full text]
  • Hamilakis Nation and Its Ruins.Pdf
    CLASSICAL PRESENCES General Editors Lorna Hardwick James I. Porter CLASSICAL PRESENCES The texts, ideas, images, and material culture of ancient Greece and Rome have always been crucial to attempts to appropriate the past in order to authenticate the present. They underlie the mapping of change and the assertion and challenging of values and identities, old and new. Classical Presences brings the latest scholarship to bear on the contexts, theory, and practice of such use, and abuse, of the classical past. The Nation and its Ruins: Antiquity, Archaeology, and National Imagination in Greece YANNIS HAMILAKIS 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With oYces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York ß Yannis Hamilakis 2007 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2007 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization.
    [Show full text]
  • Foreign Policy Determinants.And Directions of Contemporary.Thailand
    FOREIGN POLICY DETERMINANTS.AND DIRECTIONS OF CONTEMPORARY.THAILAND By PRACHYA DAVI ,,TAVEDIKUL Bachelor. of.Arts Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 1970 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS July, 1972 OKLAHOMA l'MTE U~EA8t'IJ '~~~ARV FEB 7 1973 .................~.· ........ ·, ... , .....~-. -~ FOREIGN POLICY DETERMINANTS AND DIRECTIONS OF CONTEMPORARY THAILAND Thesis Approved: Dean of the Graduate College 83'7146 ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The writer wis~es to express,his gratitude and sincere appreciation to his major agviser, Professor Harold V. Sare, for his guidance and asSJistance throughout this study. Sincere appreciation is also ex.,. pressed to Professor Raymond N. Habiby for his helpful comments and criticisms; and to Professor Clifford.A. L. Rich, without whom, .the writer would never have been able to pursue a graduate degree at Oklahoma State University. A note of thanks is given to Mrs. Vilaiwan Anantasiri for her assis­ tance in supplying governmental documents. from Thailand. In addition,. appreciation is extended to Mrs •. Linda Hunter for her assistance in typing the final draft. Finally, special gratitude is expressed to my wife, Lakhana, for her understanding, encouragement, and many sacri­ fices. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page I. INTRODUCTION I e e e I I I I I I . • • • • • • • • • 1 II. BAMBOOS BEND WITH THE-BREEZE .• · •••• . 12 I II. THE ENEMY OF AN ENEMY IS A FRIEND • • . 40 IV.; THE POLICY OF ENLIGHTENED SELF-;£.N'l'ER.EST . • . • • . • • • ·• • , • 62 V. IN SEAR.CH OF AN ASIAN CONCERT ...... 90 VI. CONCLUSION •••• .
    [Show full text]
  • The End of Détente* a Case Study of the 1980 Moscow Olympics
    The End of Détente* A Case Study of the 1980 Moscow Olympics By Thomas Smith After the election of autonomous and must resist all pressure of any Jimmy Carter as US kind whatsoever, whether of a political, religious President, Prime or economic nature.”1 With British government Minister Margaret documents from 1980 recently released under the Thatcher flew to Thirty Year Rule, the time seems apt to evaluate the Washington on 17th debate about the Olympic boycott, and to ask the December 1979 for question: to what extent was the call by the British her first official visit. government for a boycott of the 1980 Moscow Five days later NATO Olympics an appropriate response to the invasion of announced the de- Afghanistan? ployment of a new Before the argument of the essay is established, it generation of American is first necessary to provide a brief narrative of the rockets and Cruise main events. Thatcher’s government began discussing missiles in Western the idea of a boycott in early January 1980; however, Europe. On the 25th their first action was to call for the Olympics to be December Soviet moved to a different location. Once the IOC declared troops marched into that relocating the Olympics was out of the question, Afghanistan. Thatcher told the House of Commons that she was now advising athletes not to go to Moscow and wrote Photo: U.S. Government to Sir Denis Follows, Chairman of the BOA, informing Introduction him of the government’s decision. The BOA, which was Britain’s NOC and the organisation that could During the 1970s, relations between the West and the accept or decline the invitation to the Olympics, Soviet Union were marked by an era of détente.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings Issn 2654-1823
    SAFEGREECE CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS ISSN 2654-1823 14-17.10 proceedings SafeGreece 2020 – 7th International Conference on Civil Protection & New Technologies 14‐16 October, on‐line | www.safegreece.gr/safegreece2020 | [email protected] Publisher: SafeGreece [www.safegreece.org] Editing, paging: Katerina – Navsika Katsetsiadou Title: SafeGreece 2020 on‐line Proceedings Copyright © 2020 SafeGreece SafeGreece Proceedings ISSN 2654‐1823 SafeGreece 2020 on-line Proceedings | ISSN 2654-1823 index About 1 Committees 2 Topics 5 Thanks to 6 Agenda 7 Extended Abstracts (Oral Presentations) 21 New Challenges for Multi – Hazard Emergency Management in the COVID-19 Era in Greece Evi Georgiadou, Hellenic Institute for Occupational Health and Safety (ELINYAE) 23 An Innovative Emergency Medical Regulation Model in Natural and Manmade Disasters Chih-Long Pan, National Yunlin University of Science and technology, Taiwan 27 Fragility Analysis of Bridges in a Multiple Hazard Environment Sotiria Stefanidou, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 31 Nature-Based Solutions: an Innovative (Though Not New) Approach to Deal with Immense Societal Challenges Thanos Giannakakis, WWF Hellas 35 Coastal Inundation due to Storm Surges on a Mediterranean Deltaic Area under the Effects of Climate Change Yannis Krestenitis, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 39 Optimization Model of the Mountainous Forest Areas Opening up in Order to Prevent and Suppress Potential Forest Fires Georgios Tasionas, Democritus University of Thrace 43 We and the lightning Konstantinos Kokolakis,
    [Show full text]
  • Kaminis' Lightning Quick NY City Trip Greece Feels the Heat, Moves
    S O C V th ΓΡΑΦΕΙ ΤΗΝ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ W ΤΟΥ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΜΟΥ E 10 0 ΑΠΟ ΤΟ 1915 The National Herald anniversa ry N www.thenationalherald.com A wEEKLy GREEK-AMERIcAN PUBLIcATION 1915-2015 VOL. 18, ISSUE 916 May 2-8 , 2015 c v $1.50 Kaminis’ Greece Feels t1he Heat, Lightning Moves toward Reforms Quick NY To Unblock Loan Flow City Trip ATHENS – Hopes for a deal on Tsipras said in a television in - Greece’s bailout rose after Prime terview that he expected a deal Minister Alexis Tsipras said he would be reached by May 9, in Mayor of Athens expected an agreement could be time for the next Eurozone reached within two weeks and meeting. Spoke on Gov’t the European Union reported a Greece has to repay the In - pick-up in the negotiations. ternational Monetary Fund a to - At Columbia Univ. Greek stocks rose and its sov - tal of almost 1 billion euros by ereign borrowing rates dropped, May 12. It is expected to have TNH Staff a sign that international in - enough money to make that, if vestors are less worried about it manages to raise as much as NEW YORK – Even during a cri - the country defaulting on its it hopes from a move to grab sis, Greece – and even some of its debts in coming weeks. cash reserves from local entities politicians – can rise to the occa - The European Union said like hospitals and schools. sion and present the world with that Greece’s talks with its cred - But it faces bigger repay - examples of good governance.
    [Show full text]
  • Mrs. Thatcher's Return to Victorian Values
    proceedings of the British Academy, 78, 9-29 Mrs. Thatcher’s Return to Victorian Values RAPHAEL SAMUEL University of Oxford I ‘VICTORIAN’was still being used as a routine term of opprobrium when, in the run-up to the 1983 election, Mrs. Thatcher annexed ‘Victorian values’ to her Party’s platform and turned them into a talisman for lost stabilities. It is still commonly used today as a byword for the repressive just as (a strange neologism of the 1940s) ‘Dickensian’ is used as a short-hand expression to describe conditions of squalor and want. In Mrs. Thatcher’s lexicon, ‘Victorian’ seems to have been an interchangeable term for the traditional and the old-fashioned, though when the occasion demanded she was not averse to using it in a perjorative sense. Marxism, she liked to say, was a Victorian, (or mid-Victorian) ideo1ogy;l and she criticised ninetenth-century paternalism as propounded by Disraeli as anachronistic.2 Read 12 December 1990. 0 The British Academy 1992. Thanks are due to Jonathan Clark and Christopher Smout for a critical reading of the first draft of this piece; to Fran Bennett of Child Poverty Action for advice on the ‘Scroungermania’ scare of 1975-6; and to the historians taking part in the ‘History Workshop’ symposium on ‘Victorian Values’ in 1983: Gareth Stedman Jones; Michael Ignatieff; Leonore Davidoff and Catherine Hall. Margaret Thatcher, Address to the Bow Group, 6 May 1978, reprinted in Bow Group, The Right Angle, London, 1979. ‘The Healthy State’, address to a Social Services Conference at Liverpool, 3 December 1976, in Margaret Thatcher, Let Our Children Grow Tall, London, 1977, p.
    [Show full text]
  • François Mitterrand, of Germany and France
    François Mitterrand, Of Germany and France Caption: In 1996, François Mitterrand, President of France from 1981 to 1995, recalls the negative attitude of Margaret Thatcher, British Prime Minister, towards German reunification. Source: MITTERRAND, François. De l'Allemagne. De la France. Paris: Odile Jacob, 1996. 247 p. ISBN 2- 7381-0403-7. p. 39-44. Copyright: (c) Translation CVCE.EU by UNI.LU All rights of reproduction, of public communication, of adaptation, of distribution or of dissemination via Internet, internal network or any other means are strictly reserved in all countries. Consult the legal notice and the terms and conditions of use regarding this site. URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/francois_mitterrand_of_germany_and_france-en- 33ae0d5e-f55b-4476-aa6b-549648111114.html Last updated: 05/07/2016 1/3 François Mitterrand, Of Germany and France […] In Great Britain, on 10 November 1989, the Prime Minister’s Press Office published a statement in which Mrs Thatcher welcomed the lifting of the restrictions on movements of the population of East Germany towards the West, hoped that this would be a prelude to the dismantling of the Berlin Wall, looked forward to the installation of a democratic government in the German Democratic Republic and warned, ‘You have to take these things step by step.’ On the subject of unification, however, she said not a word. Three days later, at the Lord Mayor’s Banquet at the Guildhall in the City of London, she spoke about free elections and a multiparty system in East Germany, cooperation with the emerging democracies of Central Europe and the new role which NATO would have to play.
    [Show full text]
  • Explaining Change in Greek Policy on EU-Turkey Relations 1996-1999: the Prime Minister’S Leadership Style and the Formulation of the Helsinki Strategy
    1 The London School of Economics and Political Science Explaining Change in Greek Policy on EU-Turkey Relations 1996-1999: The Prime Minister’s Leadership Style and the Formulation of the Helsinki Strategy Kyriakos Moumoutzis A thesis submitted to the European Institute of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, July 2009 UMI Number: U615703 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615703 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 -11 j* j i i y & M ) : ? -a - +x 'S -< -1 12.155M- 2 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made.
    [Show full text]
  • Anniversary Publication
    Ten Years of Europol 1999-2009 TEN YEARS OF EUROPOL, 1999-2009 Europol Corporate Communications P.O. Box 90850 2509 LW The Hague The Netherlands www.europol.europa.eu © European Police OfÞ ce, 2009 All rights reserved. Reproduction in any form or by any means is allowed only with the prior permission of Europol Editor: Agnieszka Biegaj Text: Andy Brown Photographs: Europol (Zoran Lesic, Bo Pallavicini, Max Schmits, Marcin Skowronek, Europol archives); EU Member States’ Law Enforcement Authorities; European Commission; European Council; Participants of the Europol Photo Competition 2009: Kristian Berlin, Devid Camerlynck, Janusz Gajdas, Jean-François Guiot, Lasse Iversen, Robert Kralj, Tomasz Kurczynski, Antte Lauhamaa, Florin Lazau, Andrzej Mitura, Peter Pobeska, Pawel Ostaszewski, Jorgen Steen, Georges Vandezande Special thanks to all the photographers, EU Member States’ Law Enforcement Authorities and Europol Liaison Bureaux for their contributions 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 7 I. Birth of an Idea, 1991-1998 11 1. Ideas behind Europol: Tackling International Crime 11 2. Maastricht Treaty: the ‘Founding Article’ 12 3. First Step: the Europol Drugs Unit 12 4. The Hague: a Fitting Location 13 5. Formal Status: the Europol Convention 14 6. European Union: New Members and a New Treaty 15 II. The First Years, 1999-2004 21 1. Facing the Challenges: Stabilisation and Consolidation 21 2. Changing Priorities, Flexible Organisation 24 3. Information Exchange and Intelligence Analysis: Core Business 27 4. The Hague Programme: Positioning Europol at the Centre of EU Law Enforcement Cooperation 34 5. Casting the Net Wider: Cooperation Agreements with Third States and Organisations 36 6. Europol’s Most Important Asset: the Staff and the ELO Network 37 III.
    [Show full text]
  • Greece and NATO Master's Thesis Presented
    The “Menace from the North” and the Suppression of the Left: Greece and NATO Master’s Thesis Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University Ioannis Pavlou, B.A. Graduate Program in Slavic and East European Studies The Ohio State University 2015 Thesis Committee: Georgios Anagnostou, advisor Anthony Kaldellis Copyright by Ioannis Nikos Pavlou 2015 Abstract In the aftermath of the Greek Civil War, the right-wing elements of Greece’s government felt that they needed to join NATO to protect Greek interests from the perceived threat posed by Communism and their Balkan neighbors. Throughout this period of time, the Greek state implemented several drastic and often undemocratic motions that led to measures against minority groups, suppressing left-wing politicians, and applying old nationalistic rhetoric such as the “Menace from the North” to the situation with the Communist regimes in their neighboring countries. During this time, Greek interests often were pushed aside in order to appease the United States and other members of NATO while at other points, Greece nearly went to war with their NATO ally Turkey over the future of Cyprus. Meanwhile, Greece’s new-found alliance with NATO led to an improvement of their military capabilities to the point where the highly nationalistic, anti-Communist army would seize control of the government in 1967 and form a Military Junta. During the seven years of military control, NATO continued to work with the Military Junta which in turn would have drastic consequences when Greece nearly went to war with Turkey over Cyprus.
    [Show full text]
  • Government Reorganization-Formation of New Minor Parties- Economic Policies-Foreign Relations Cabinet Reshuffle (Jan
    Keesing's Record of World Events (formerly Keesing's Contemporary Archives), Volume 30, April, 1984 Greece, Page 32791 © 1931-2006 Keesing's Worldwide, LLC - All Rights Reserved. Government reorganization-Formation of new minor parties- Economic policies-Foreign relations Cabinet reshuffle (Jan. 16–17, 1984). Further cabinet change (March 26). Formation of right-wing EPEN party (Jan. 29). Formation of left-wing ESPE party (Feb. 22). Parliamentary approval of draft five-year plan (Nov. 21, 1983). Presentation and approval of 1984 budget (Nov. 30–Dec. 23). Congress of General Confederation of Greek Workers (Dec. 9–11). Proposed prices and incomes policy (Dec. 20). Private sector wage agreement (Feb. 12, 1984). Killing of US naval officer (Nov. 15, 1983). Controversy over US policy towards Greece and Turkey (February 1984). Alleged Turkish firing on Greek ship (March 8). Joint alumina plant agreement with Soviet Union (March). The government of Dr Andreas Papandreou, formed after the 1981 elections [see 31261 A] and extensively reshuffled in July 1982 [see 32585A] with further minor changes in 1983 [ibid.], underwent several modifications in January 1984. Mr Gregoris Varfis, a member of the Cabinet as Deputy Foreign Minister with responsibility for European Affairs (and described in The Times of Jan. 17 as ‘a rare pro-EEC voice in the Socialist government’), resigned for health reasons on Jan. 16. His replacement was announced on the following day as part of a reshuffle affecting several portfolios as follows: Prof. Apostolos Lazaris Minister
    [Show full text]