THE CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND

VOL. lIT. LOWooW, PBllITKD BY .ro?T18WOODa AND CO., HEW-STaaB'r lIQ:tU.D.1I AXD PABLLUlUT 8'l'UBT THE CONSTITUTIONAL. HISTORY OF ENGLAND

SINCE THE ACCESSION OF GEORGE TlIE THIRD

BY sm THOMAS ERSKINE. MAY, KC.B. D.C.L.

WITJI A NEW SUpPLEMENTARY CHAPTER, 1861-7'

IN THREE VOLUMES VOL. llL

LONDON LONGMAN~ GREE~. AND C~ 18i8

All rIghI' r ...r .." Vs'.2-,M7 ~·~7~.' CONTENTS

OF THE THIRD VOLUME.

CHAPTER XI.

LIBERTY OJ' THB SUB.JECT. PAGB Liberty of the subject the earliest of political·rights 1 General warrants, 1763 2 Arrest of Wilkes and the printers • 3 Actions brought by them 4 Search-warrant for papers: case of Entinck fl. Carrington 7 General warrants condemned by the courts, and in Parliament 9 Early cases of the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act 10 Habeas Corpus Act suspended, 1794 12 Act of Indemnity, 1801 lli Habeas Corpus Act suspended, 1817 . 16 Hill of Indemnity 17 Suspension of thE! Habeas Corpus Act in Ireland 19 Impressment fol' the army 20 Impressment for the navy 21 Revl'nue l_s . -\25 Imprisonment of Crown debtors. ib. Imprisonment for contempt of court 26 Arrest on masne proce88 29 Imp'iisonment for debt .. 31 Relief to insolvent debtors. 33 Slavery in England: the Negro case, 1771 31i Negroes in Scotland 37 vi Contents of the Third Volume.

PAGB Sla.very of colliers and salters in Scotland 38 Abolition of colonial ala. very • 39 Employment of spies and informers ih. Rela.tions of the execntive with informers 42 Opening letters at the Post-office • .- 44 Petition of MaZzini and others, 1844 46 Protection of foreigners in Engla.nd 49 Alien Acts 50 The Naturalisation Act, 1844 53 Right of asylum never impaired 54 Napoleon's demands refused, 1802 • ih. Principles on which aliens are protected 56. The Orsini conspiracy, 1858 • 57 The Conspiracy to Murder Bill 68 Extradition treaties 1i9

CHAPTER XIL

THB CKURCH AND RELlGIOllS LIBERTY.

Relations of the Church to political history 60 The Reformation • .61 Toleration formerly unknown 62 Civil disabilities imposed by Elizabeth • 63 Doctrinal moderation of the Reformation 64 Rigorous enforcement of conformity 65 Close rela.tions of the Reformed Church with the State 67 The Reformation in Scotland 68 The Reformation in Ireland • 70 The Church policy of Jam~s I. 71 The Church and religion under Charles I. and the Common- . wealth 73 Persecution of Nonconformists under Charles ll. . 75 The Catholics also repressed 77 The Toleration Act of William llI. 78 Catholics under William Ill. .79 The Chnrch policy of Anne and Goo. I. and ll. 81 State of the Church and religion on the a~ssion of Gao. llI. 82 InOuence of Wesley and WhitaOeld . • 85 Relaxation of the penal coda commenced 88 General character of the penal code 89 Contents ofthe Third Volume. Vll

PAD_ Subeeription tAl the Thi!ty-nine A:tticlea 91 Belief granted tAl dissenting ministers and schoolmasters, 1779 93 Prn&leut opiuious coneerniug Catholics 9~ The Catholic Relief Act of 1778 • 96 The Protestant riots 97 Motions for ~e repeal of the Corpomtion and Test Acts, 1787- 1790 100 The Catholic Relief Bill, 1791 106 Meet of the Test Act in Scotland lOS Restraints on Scotch Episcopalians repealed' • tho Mr. Fox's bill for repes1 of laws affecting Unitarians, 1792 109 Relief granted tAl the Irish Catholics, 1792-93 110 And tAl the Scotch Catholics • 111 Claims of relief tAl Quakers • 112 Union with Ireland in connection with Catholic disabilities l1S Concessions forbidden b,. Gao. Ill. 118 The Catholic question in abe,.anC8 • 119 Motious on the Catholic claims in 180S 120 The Whig ministry' of 1806 and the Catholic question 12~ The Ann,. and NaV)' Service Bill • 126 Anti-Catholic sentiments of the Portland ministr,. 129 Catholic agitation, 1808-11 • 130

CHAPTER :xm.

'I'HB CRUBCB AND IIlILIGIOl1S LIBERTY, CONTnnnID.

The regener in connectiou with religious libert,. • _ W Freedom of worship tAl Catholic soldiers· •• J.~ DisseuteIs relieved !tom oaths im}Xllllld 11,- the Toleration Act 13S The Catholic questiaum llUJ 136 And hi 1812 • 140 Belief of Catholic officers in arm,. and DaV)', 1813 and 181.7 143 Catholic claims, 181S-22 14~ Roman Catholic Peers Bill, 1822 • 147 Position of the Catholic question in 1823 • U9 Bills for amendment of the marriage laws affecting Roman Catholics and diseenters • lSI Agitation in Ireland, 1823-2S ] M, The Irish franchise, 182S ] 66 The WellingtDn ministry' 156 viii Contents of the. Third Volume.

PAGE Repeal of the Corporation and Test Acts, 1828 151 The Catholic claims in 1828 • 161 The Clare election 163 Necessity of Catholic relief acknowledged by the ministry , 16~ The king consents to the measure • 166 Mr. Peel loses his seat at Oxford 168 The Catholic Relief Act, 1829 tb. Elective franchise in Ireland 172 Mr. O'Connell and the Clare election 174 Catholic emancipation. too long deferred 175 Quakers and others admitted to the Commons on affirmation. 177 Jewish disabilities 178 Mr. Grant's motions for relief to· the Jews 179 Jews admitted to corporations. 182 BaronL. N. de Rothschild returned for London 183 Claims to be sworn w. Case of Mr. Alderman Salomons' • 184 Attempt to admit Jews by a declaration, 1857 185 The.Jewish Relief Act, 1858 • 186

CHAP'fER XlV.

THB CHURCH AND RELIGIOUS LIBEBTY, CONTINUEn.

Marriage laws affecting Roman Catholics and dissenters 188 Dissenters' Marriage Bills, 1834-35· . • 190 Registf'r of births, marriages, and deaths 192 Dissenters' Marriage Act, 1836 ib. Dissenters' burials. 193 Admission of dissenters to unh·ersities 195 Dissenters' .Chapels Act. . • . • 199 Final repeal of penalties on religions worship 200 The law of church rates . 201 Earlier schemes for settling the church-rate question 203 The first Braintree esse. 205 The second Braintree case lb. Bills for the abolition of church rates, and present position of the question 207 State of the Church of England towards the llltter part of the last century 209 Effect of sudden increase to population • . 2~ 1 Contents of the Third Volume. IX

PAGB Causes adverse to the clergy in presence of dissent 21:1 The regeneration of the Church 214 Church building and extension 215 Ecc1esieatical revenues. 216 Tithe commutation in England 218 Progress of dissent 222 Statistics of places of worship 223 'Relation. of the Church to dissent • 224 And to Parliament 226 The Papal aggression, '1850 • 227 The Eccleeiaatical Titles Bill, 1851 23:t Schisms in the Church o,f England. 236 The patronage question • 236 The Veto Act, 1834 240 The Auchterlml&r and Strathbogie cases 242 The GenelaJ. Assembly addreee the Queen 248 And petition Parliament 250 The secession 251 The Free Church ot Scotland. , • 252 Ths Patronage .Act, 18,43 ' 253 Religious disunion in Scotland 264 The Church in Ireland • 256 Resistance to payment of tithes , 256 The Church Temporalities (Ireland) Act, 1833 260 The appropriation question • 261 The Irish Church commission • 263 Sir Robert Peel's ministry overthrown on the appropriation , question, 1835' • 266 Revenues and statistics of the Irish Church • 268 Abandonment of the appropriation question' ih. Commutation of tithes in Ireland 269' liational education in lrIIland 270 Maynooth College. ih. '!'he Queen's polleges. ' • 273, x Contents of the Thz"rd. Volume.

CHAPrER xv.

PAG. Local government the basis of constitutional freedom 27/j The pariSh and the vestry 276 ffistory of English corporations 278 Loss of popular rights • • 279 Abuses of close corporations • 280 Monopoly of electoral rights • 282 The Municipal Corporations Act, 183/j 283 Corporation of the City of London. 286 lteform of corporate abuses in Scotland • 287 Corporations in Ireland. 290 Their abuses: total exclusion of Catholics 291 The Corporations (Ireland) Bills, 183/j~9 .29! The Irish Corporations Act, 1840 • • .S!9li Local Improvement and Police Acts • 296 CoUrts of Quarter Sessions • 297 Distinctive character of counties and toWllll ~ 298

IR1ILAlID BBFOBB THB 1INION.

Progress of liberty in Ireland 299 The Irish Parliament before the Union. W. The executive government 302 Protestant ascendency • 303 Subordination of the Irish Parliament to the Government and Parliament of Englaud 304, Commercial restrictions. 306 ' New era opened under George ilL 306 The Irish Parliament asserts its independence S07 Condition of the people. 309 Partial removal of commercial restrictions, 1778-79 310 The rise of the volunteers 311 They demand legislative independence, 1780 • 31S The convention of Dungannon sa Legislative and judicial indepeudeDClII granted, 1782 • S16 Difficulties of Irish independence • 317 Con.tents ofthe Third Volume. Xl

P.lG. Agitation for Parliameatary Reform 319 Mr. Pitt's commercial measures," 1785 320 Liberal me&811l'88 of 1792-93 • 322 The United Irishmen, 1791 • W. Feuds between Protestants and Catholics 32' The rebellion of 1798 • 325 The Union concezted 327 Means by which it was accomplished 330 Besnlts of the Union 333 And of the Catholic Relief Act and Parliamentary Reform 335 Freedom and equality of Ireland • ib.

CHAPTER xvn.

BBlTISII COLONIBB .urn DBPIDIDBNCIBS.

The righta and liberties of English colonists • 338 Ordinary form of colonial constitutions • 339 Snpremacy of England over the colonies 3'0 Commercial restrictions imposed by England. 341 Arguments on taxation of colonies for imperial pnrpoB88 3'3 The American Stamp Act, 1765 3'7 Mr. Townshend's colonial taxes, 1767' 350 Repealed, except the tea duties • 351 The attsck on the tea ehips at Boston 35J Boston Port Act, 1774 • 363 Constitution of Massachusetts suspended ib. Revolt of the American colonies _ 355 Crown co1oniee .., 356 Canada and other North American colonies 357 Australian colonies 358 " Transportation • 369 Colonial administration after the American war " 360 Colonial patronage • • • • • • • • 361 Eft'eets of free trade 'upon the political relation of England and her coloniee • • • • • • • • 363 Conhm)aey" of Jamaica repressed; 1838. " • . • . • . • 36' Insurrection in Canada: union of the two provinces 365 Responsible government introduced into -Canada and other 1loloniee366 xu Contents of the Th£rd Vol1!me.

. P.\GE Conflicting interests of England and the colonies 369 Colonial democracy ib. Military def~nce of the colonies 375 Administration of dependencies unfitted for self-government ~76 India under the East India Company 377 Mr. Fox's India Bill, 1783 378 Mr. Pitt's India Bill, 1784, 381 Later measures 382 India transferred to the Crown, 1858· 383. Subsequent Indian administration. th. Freedom and good government of the British Empire 384,

CHAPTER xvm

PROGRESS OF GENI!R&L LEGISLATI

SUPPLEMENTARY CHAPTER

1861-1871.

PAGR Constitutional changes, 1760-1860 421) Political tranqUillity under Lord Palmerston 426 Attempts to disturb the franchises of 1832 428 Dissolution of Parliament, 1865 429 Mr. Gladstone rejected by U Diversity of Oxford ib. Death of Lord Palmerston .. ih. Succeeded by Earl Russell ib. Revival of parliamentary reform 430 Considerations adverse to its settlement. ib. Earl Russell's Reform Bill 431 'The Cave' . ib. Earl Grosvenor's amendment. 432 Bills for the franchise and redistributioll of seats united ib. Continued opposition to the bill . ib. Resignation of ministsrs 433 Earl of Derby premier, 1866 • ib. Popular agitation • ib. Hyde Park riots, 23rd July, 1866 434 Impulse given to reform ib. Position of ministsrs in regard to r~form 435 Introduction of the question, 1867. ib. Mr. Disraeli's resolutions • 436 Earl of Derby's Reform Bill • ib. Its securities and compensations ib. Its ultimate form • 437 Meeting in Hyde Park, 6th May, 1867 439 Boundaries of boroughs and counties ib. Earl of Derby succeeded by Mr. Disraeli 440 The Scotch Reform Act, 1868 ib. Election PetUions and Corrupt Practices Act, 1868 441 Constitutional importance of these measures • ih. Irish Church Question, 1868 • 443 Mr. Gladstone's resolutions 444 His Suspensory Bill ih. The dissolution of 1868 • 445 Its dee:sive results 446 xiv Contents of the Third Volume.

PAnB Resignation of ministers 446 Mr. Gladstone's administration 447 The Irish Church Bill, 1869 • th. The Irish land bill, 1870 448 Settlement of the church-rate controversy th. University Tests • 449 Ecclesiastical Titles Act, 1871 4111 Endowed Schools Act, 1869 • th. Education (Scotland) bill, 1869 th. Elementary Education Act; 1870 452 The Ballot {53 INDEX. - '\IIB A!4'lI BDOT, Mr. Speaker, opposes war, or the dissolution of par­ A Catholic relief, iii. ai, a2; liament, ii. 86, 90; and from hiB speech at the Bar of the -the people, 89; Lord Camden's Lords, 143, n. opiDion,90 Abercorn, Earl of, his righte as Admiralty Court, th., judge of, peer of Great Britain and of disqualified from sitting in par­ Scotland, i. 288 liament, i. 376 Abercromby, Mr., his motion on Adullam, Cave of,-a party so Scotch representetion, i 369 named, 1866, iii. 431 Abercromby, Sir R., his opinion of Advertisement duty, first imposed, the Irish soldiery, iii. 326; re­ ii. 246; increased, 327 ; abolished, tires from comumnd, ih. 881 Abe?deen, Earl of, the Reform Affirmations. See Quakers Bill of his ministry, i. 452; his Agitation, political. See Opinion, ministry, ii. 217; its fall, 218; Liberty of; Politico.! Associa­ his efforts to reconcile differences tions; Public Meetings in the Church of Scotland, iii. Aliens, proteetion of, iii. 49--56; 244,263 Alien Acts, 60, 62; Traitorous A'Court, Colonel, deprived of his CorrespoDdence Act, 62; Na­ command for votes in parliament, poleon's demands refused, 64; i.28 the Conspiracy to Murder Bill, Addington, Mr., mediated between 68; Extradition Treati.s, 69 George ill and Pitt on tbe Ca­ Almon, bookseller, proceeded tholic question, i. 96; formed an agsinst, ii. 252 administration, 97; official diffi­ A.1thorp, Lord, the Melbourne cultie. caused by the King's ill­ miDistry dismissed, on his ele­ ness at this juncture, 196-199; vation to the House of Lords, i. his relations with the King, 98 ; 146; brings forward cases of resigned _offics, 99; led the imprisonmeDt for debt, iii. 28 '; " KiDg'S friends,' 100; took office his church-rates measure, 1834, nDder Pitt, 101; made a peer, 203; his plans for tithe com­ ih.; permitted' debate on notice mutation, 219; commenced the of motion, 402, fl. See also Sid- modern financial policy, 418 , mouth, Viscount American colonies, the war with, Additional Curates Society, .sums stopped by the Commons, i. 66; expeDdedby, iii. 218, fl. ii. 87; pledge exacted by Gporge Addre.ses to the crown, from par­ III. of bis ministers to maintain liament, respecting __ peace lind the war, i. 49; the war with" a Index. ANN liAR tost of party princ\ples, ii. 14,7, ii. 276; Orange lodges in, 402; 160 ;' first proposa.1a to tax them, impressment for, iii. 20; free­ iii. 843; Mr. Grenville's Stamp dom of worship in, 127, 134; Act, 847; repealed, 849; Mr. the defence of colonies, 375; '!'ownshend's scheme, 360; re­ flogging in, abated, 405 pealed, except the tea ~utie9, Army and Navy Service Bill op­ 361; attack on the tea ships, posed by George ITI., i. 105; 362; the port of Boston clos.d, withdrawn, 107 353; the constitution of M~ssa.­ Army and Navy Service Bill, the, chusetts superseded, ib:; at­ iii. 126 tempts at conciliation, 86-1; the Arrest, on mesne process, iii. 29; tea duty repealed, 356; inde­ abolished, 30 pendence of colonies recognised, Articles, the Thirty-nine, subscrip­ 366; its effect on Ireland, 309 tion to, by clergy, and on ad­ Anne, Queen, the land revenues at mission to the universities, iii. her accession, i. 229; their 78, 91, 198; by dissenting alienation restrained, tb.; her schoolmasters, abolished, 93, 94 civil list and dehts, 233; in­ Assizes, the, a commissiou fur ~&8e of peerage, during her holding, issued during George reIgn, 274 ; created twelve pe~rs ITI.'s incapacity, i. 188 in one day, ib.; holders of offices Associations. &tJ Political Asso­ disqualified by the Act of Settle­ ciations ment of her reign, 870; popular Auchtsra.rder Cases, the, iii. 242, addresses to, praying a dissolu­ 244 tion, ii. 90; the press in the Australian colonies, the settlement reign of, ii. 243; her bounty to and constitutions ot; iii. 3;;8, poor clergy, iii. 216 370 Anti-Corn Law League, the, ii. 413-417 Anti-Slavery Association, the, ii. AKER, Mr., his motion against 277-404 B the use of the king's name, i. 69 Appellate jurisdiction of the House Ballot, vote by, motions for adop- of Lords bill, i. 298 tion of, i. 416, 445; one of the Appropriation of grants by parlia­ pointe of the Charter, ii. 408; ment, the resolution against in the Colonies, 371; its adop-' iRsue of unappropriated money, tion in England recommended i. 76; the commencement of the by a committee, 1870. iii. 454; a' system, 231, ii. 98; misappro­ bill brought in for that pu1'poS4.', priation of grants by Charles il., but dropped, ib.; another bill 1.232 passed by the Commoll8 in 1871, Appropriation question, the, of but rejected by the Lords, ib. Irish Church revenu.., iii. 260- Baptists, the number and places 'of 268 worship of, iii. 223, 224 fl. Arent, Nabob of, represont.ed in Baronetage, past and present num­ parliament by several members, bers of, i. 323 i.396 Barre, Colonel, deprived of his Army, the, duty of muster-mas­ command for votes in parlia­ ters, 30, fl.; their abolition in ment, i. 28; resigned his com­ 1818, tb.; interference of mili­ mission, 47; passed over in, II tary in absence of a magistrate, brevet, ib. Inda.. 457 BU BUB Beauroy, Mr., his eft'orts for the Brandreth, execution of, ii. 3{5 r.lief of dissenters, iii. 100-102 Brand, Mr., his motion against tbe • Bedchamber Question, the,' i. 165 pledge required of the Grenville Bedford, Duke of, remonstrated ministry, i. 109 against Lord Bute's inlluence, i. Bribery at elections, prior to par­ 82; attacked by the silk-weavers, liamentary reform, i. 333; com­ ii. 267 menced iu reign of Charles II., Berkeley, Mr. H., his motions for lb.; supported by George. III., the ballot, i. 447 341, 344; acta to restrain, 334, Binningham, public meetings at, 336, 346; hribery sioce the Re­ ii. 8"2-385; election of a legis­ form Act, 431; later bribery latorial attomey, 352; political acts, 435; proof of agency, 431) ; union of, 384, 386 inquiry by commission,436 ; gross Births, bills for registration o~ iii. cases, 437; travelling p.xpenses, 151, 192 438; policy of legislation, 439, Bishops, their number in the house, iii. 441 i. 299 ; attempts to exclude them, Bribery of members of parliament. 300 ; their present position, 302 ; 886 Members of the House of their votes upon the Reform Bill, Commons 309, 310; Irish representative Briellat, T., tried for sedition, ii. bishops, 281 ; deprived of their 289 seata by Irish Church Act, iii. 441 Bristol, reform riots at, ii. 367 Blandford, Marquess of, his schemes Brougham,Lord, his motion against of reform, i. 412 theintluenee of the crown, i. 134; Boards. &e Local Govemment opinion on life peerages, 294: Bolingbroke, Lord, his theory of • a advised, as chancellor, the crea.­ patriot king,' i. 12 tion of new peers, 311; his mo­ Boroughs, different rights of elec­ tion for reform, 420; on the du­ tion in, i. 331, 355 ; number, &e­ ration of. parliament, 442; de­ of English nomination boroughs, fends Leigh Hunt, ii. 335; 330, 332; of Scotch, 356 ; ofIrish, describes the license of the 359; total number in the represen­ press, 338, n. ; promotes popular tation of the United Kingdom, education, 377, iii. 412; his law 361 ; seata for, bought or rented, reforms, 389 335,343, 346; ad,.ertised for sale, Brownists, the, iii. 67 837; prices of, 337, 344, 367; Buckingham, Marquess of, his re­ • borough-brokers,' 339 ; law fusal to transmit the address .of passed against the sale of the Irish parliament to the Prince boroughs, 346; govemment of Wales, i. 194 boroughs, 347; changes eft'ected Bunbury, Sir C., attempts amend­ by the Reform Acts, 1867, 1868, ment of the criminal code, iii. 395 iii. 441 llurdett, Sir F., his schemes of re­ Boston, Lord, assaulted, ii..273 form, i. 406, 407; committed for Boston, the port ~~ closed by Act, contempt, ii. 60; resists· the iii. 353 warrant, 76; apprehended by Boume, Mr. S., his Vestry A.ct, force, 77; his actioBs for redress. iii. 277 lb. ; hi. Catholic ReHof Bill., iii. Bo;rer, an early reporter of debates 155,162 In parliament, ii. 36 . Burgage tenure, the franchise, i. 331 Braintree Cases, the, iii. 205 Burghs (Scotland), reformed, iii. 287 Index. BUB CAB Burial, the, of diseenters' with 198; t1!e petition for admisSIon Chnrch of England rites, iii. 188, of dies enters, 1834,196; stateof ~98; bills to enable dissenters to feeling at, on Catholic relief, in bury in churchyards, 194; per­ 1812, 137 • mitted in Ireland, ib. Camden, Lord,' disapproved the Burke, Mr., his scheme of economic Middles8ll: election proceedings, reform, i. 62, 239, 258; drew up ii. 16, 22; defended his conduct the prince's reply to Pitt's scheme in the cabinet, 19; opinion on of a regency, 184;, his proposal popular addreeses to the crown, for sale of the crown lands, 264 ; 90; supports the right of juries in for reduction of pension list, 268 ; libel cases, ii. 257, 26:.1, 263; his opposed parliamentary reform, decisions condemning the prac­ 403; his ideal of repl'8l'entation, tice of general warrants, iii. 2-. 468; opposed Wilkes's expul­ 8; protects a Catholic lady by a sion, ii, 11 ; his remark on the op­ private Act of Parliament, 96 ; position 'made to the punishment opposes taxation of the Ameri~an of the reporters, 41; on pledges colonies; 349, 351; a friend to to constituenta, 70; the charac­ liberty, 392 ter of his oratory, 116; separ­ Campbell, Lord, his opinion on life rates from the Whigs, 163; peerages, i. 294; his Act to pro­ his alarm at the French Revoln­ tect publishers in libel cases, ii. tion, ib. 286; among the first to 263 advocate Catholic relief, iii. 95; Canada, a crown colony, iii. 357; his opposition to relief of dis­ free constitution granted, ib. ; the senters, 105, 109 insurrection, and re-union of the Bute, county, the franchise of, prior provinces, 866; responsible g0- torefurm, i. 858 vernment in, 866; establishes a Bute, Earl of, his unconstitntional protective tariff, 369; popular instructions to George III., i. 11 ; franchise in, 370 aids his personal interference in Canning, Mr.• his conduct regarding government, 18; his rapid rise, the Catholic qUAStiOn, i. 95, 112; 21; becomes premier, 22; ar­ in office, 112, 136; overtures to, bitrary conduct, ib,; and parli,,­ from the court, 125; declined to menlary bribery, 878, 879; his support George IV. against his fall, 25; secret influence over the Queen, 129, 133, ft.; character of Xing, 25, 81, 84; retired from , his oratory, 118; his influence on court, 27; driven from office, ii. parties, ii. 175; in office, 189 I'" 247,266 secession of Tories from, ib.; supported by the Whigs, 190; advocates Catholic relief, 189, iii. ABINET, the, admission of a 115, 186, 139, 146; brought in C judge to seat in, i. 103; tem­ the Catholic Peers' Bill, 14 7 ; his porary tenure of the offices in, death, ii. 191, iii. 156 by the Duke of Wellington, 148; Capital punishments. multipli~­ Minute of, 1832, 816. &s also tion of, since the Revolution, iii. Ministers of the Crown 893; since restricted to murder Calcmrt. Mr., deprived of office for and treason, 898 opposition to court poli~y, i. 80 Caricat\ll'f\s. influence of, ii. 265 Cambridge University, admission of Carlton Hou~e, the cost of, i. 251 dissenters, to degrees at, iii. 92, Carmartben, Marquess of, p~ Index. 459 CAB CJnr ecribed for opposition to court Charlotte, Queen (of Georg.. III.), poliey, i. M accepted the resolutions for a re­ CBl'Oline, Qu .... n (of George IV.), gency, 186, 213 the proreedioga egainst ber, i. Chartists, the, torch-light meetings, 129; tbe DIvorce Bill, 131; ii. 407; the national petition, ih.; YithdraWD, 132; eft'eet of pro­ meetings and riots, 408; pro­ eeedioga agaioet, upon parties, ii. posed eleetion of popular repre­ .186 sentatives by, 409; the meeting Catholic Asoociation, tbe, proCPed­ and petition of 1848, 410-413 ings o~ ii. 36U76. iii. 16". Chatham, Earl of, in office at ac­ 167 cession of George III., i. 13; Catholic Emancipation opposed his retirement, 20; refusal to by George III.• i. 93, 108; by resume office, 26, 31; his de­ George IV.. 136; the measure meanour as a courtier, 39; formed carried. 137; a plea for parlia­ an administration, 40; endea­ mentary reform. 412. 8u GUo voured to break up parties, ih. ; Roman Catholics ill healtb, 42; retired from office, Castle, the goyeroment spy, iii. 41 43; bis statement as to the in­ Cato Street Conspiracy, the, ii. 362; fluence of the croWD, 44; _ discovered by spies, iii. 43 ceives overturesfromllord North. Cave. tbe. 8u Adollem, Cave of 47; approved the Grenville Act, Cavl'ndisb, Lord J .• bis motion on 366; advocated parliamentary the Am~riean ...... i. 67 reform, 395; favoured triennial Cavendish. Sir R.. reported tbe parliaments, 441; hiR opposition Commons'debatea (1768-1774), to the proceedings agaioet ii.30,. Wilkes, ii. 4, 16; his bill to re­ Censorship of \he press. ii. 239_ verse the proceedings, 22; bis 243 resolution, 11; moved addresses Cbalmers,Dr.,beads the Free lUrk to dissolve parliament, 22, 23. movement, iii. 240; moved de­ 90; condemned the King's an­ position of the Strathbogie pres­ swer to the city address, 21; bytery.247 strangers excluded during his Chaneery. Court of. reformed. iii. speeehes,. th., 30; supported 388,389 popular addresses to tbe croWD, Chancellor. Lord. 8u Great Seal. 90; his opinion on the exclusive the rights of the Commons over tax­ Charlemont, Earl of, heads Irish ation. 104; bis position as an volunteers, iii. 314; opposea orator. 113. 125; eWeet of his claims of Catholics to the fran­ leavingo:fficeon parties, ii.142; his chise,320 protest egaiost colonial tllxatiOn, Charles I.. alienated the croWD iii. 348; that measure adopted lands, i. 228 by his ministry lluring his ill­ Charles II., WBl!ted croWD revenues ness, 350; his couciliatory pro­ recovered at his accession, i. 228 ; positions, 354 ; proposed to'claim misappropriated army grants, India for the CroWD, 377 232; bribery at elections, and Chippenham election petition, Wal­ of members. commenced under. pole displaced from office by vote 333,316 upon. i, 366 Charlotte, Princess, qUl'stion as to Church of England, the relations the guardianship of. i. 2il of the Church to political his- .Index. CJ[1)' OOL tory, iii. -60; the Church before from James I. to Geo. m., 74. the Reformation, ih.; the Refor­ 77, 79, 87; motion for relief mation, 61; under Queen Eliza­ from the _Test Act, 107; the beth, 68; relations of the Re­ patronage question, 236-24.1; formed Church with the State, earlier schisms, 239 j the Free 67; Church policy from James Kirk secession, 251 I. to Charles II., 71-74; at­ Church raws, the law of, iii. 201; tempts at comprehension; 76,79; the question first raised, 203; the Church at the- Revolution, the Braintree cases, 205; number 77; uuder William m., ih.; of parishes refusing the rate, state of, at a.cceesion of George 206; bills for abolition of, 207 ; III., 82; W 881ey and Whitefield, final settlement of the question, 85; motion for relief from sub­ 1868,448 scription to the Articles, 91; Civil Disabilities. 8u Dissenters; surrender by the Church of the Jews; Quakers; Roman Catholics feee on dissenters' marriages, Ci villist, the, of the crown, i. 232; &c., 192; the Church-rate ques­ settlement of, on accession of tion, 201; state of Church to Gp.o. m., 234; charges, debts, end of last century, 209; hold and pensions thereon, 233-261 ; of thfO Church over society, 211 ; charges removed therefrom, 243, church building and extension, 244; Civil List Acts, ofl782, 242; 215; Queen Anne's bounty, 216; of 1816, 244; regulation of the eccleeiastica.l revenues, ih. ; sums civil list, 242-246; no debts expended by charitable societies, upon, during the last three 218, n.; tithe commutation, 218 ; reigns, 247. 8u also Pensions activity by the clergy, 220 ; from the Crown _ Church statistics, 223; relations Clerke, Sir P. J., his Contractors' of the Church to dissent, 224 ; Bill, i. 388 to Parliament, 226 Coalition Ministry, the, the fo1"­ Church in Ireland, the establish­ mation of, i. 63; coalition minis­ ment of, iii. 70, 71; state of, at tries favoured by Geo.III., iL143, accession of Gao. m., 82; at 167; the Coalition, 1783, 163- the Union, 255; the tithes ques­ 155; attempted coalitions between tion, 256, 269; advances to the Pitt and Fox, 165, 177; coali­ clergy, 268; Church reform, tion of the Whigs and Lord Sid­ 259; the Temporalities Act, 260; mouth's party, 177; Lord Aber­ the appropriation question, ih.; deen's ministry, 217 the Irish Church commission, Cobbett, W., trillls of, for libel, 263; the report, 268; power ii. 334; withdraws from Eng­ monopolised by churchmen, 302; land, 349; prosecuted- by Whig Irish Church question, 1865- government, 379 1868 ; Mr. Gladstone's resolutions Cockburn, Lord, his description of and suspensory bill, 1868, 444; Scotch elections, i. 357 result of the elections upon the Coke, Lady Mary, admired by the Irish Church, 446; the Irish Duke of York, i. 264 Church disestablished and dis­ Coke, Lord, an authority for life fOndowed,1869,447 peerages, i. 293 Church of Scotland, the presby­ Coke, Mr., moved a resolution hos­ terian form of, iii., 68 i legisla­ tile to the Pitt ministry, i. 78 til's origin of, 69; Chureh policy Colliers and BIIlters, in Scotlllnd, Index. cor. cox .Iavery of, iii. 38; em&llcipated, against a dissolution, 74, ii. 90; 39 against the iBSUe of money unap­ Colonies, British, colonists retain propriated by parliament, i. 76; the freedom of British subjects, against the recent changes in the iii. 338; colonial constitutions, ministry, 77; resolutions to be 339,. 366, 360, 366; democratic laid before George III., 79; re­ form of, 369, 371; the sovereignty solution against interference by of England, 340; colonial ex· the Lords, 80; comments on this penditure, 341, 376; and com­ contest, 83; debates on the mercial policy, 341, 363. 369; pledge required of the Grenville ta:I.. commOIl to d~pendencies, ministry, 109; action of the 342; arguments touching im· Commons as regards a regency, perial ta:lation, 343; ta:lation of 171-224; doubts respectidg the Americsn colonies, 347-354; issne of new write during George the crown colonies, 356; colo­ 1110's incspacity, 177; the elec­ nial administration, 360; first tion of a speaker during the appointment of Secretary of King's incapacity, 183; the vote State for, ih.; patronage sur­ to authorise the nse of the great rendered to the colonies, 362; seal, 186, 213; the address on responsible government, 366; the King's recovery, 190; the condicting intsrests of England relations between the two houses and colonies, 369; dependencies of Parliament, 304; the compo­ unfittedforself·government,376; sition of the house since the Re­ India, 377 volution, 327; its dependence Commerce, restrictions on Irish, iii. and corruption, ih.; defects in 305; removed,310, 312, 332; Pitt's the representation, 328; nomina­ propositions, 320; restrictions tion boroughs, 330-360; ill-de­ on colonial commerce, 341; the fined rights of election, 331; protective system abandoned, number of small boroughs, 332; 363, 416; the C&IIruli&ll tsri1f, indnence of peers in the house, 369 333, 360; bribery at elections, Commission, the, for opening par­ 333; since reform, 431 ; at the liament during incapacity of geneml elections of 1761, 335; George ill, questions arising of 1768, 337; sale of boroughs, thereupon, 186, 191, 213; the 336-346 ; gross cases of bribery, form of such commission, 213; 340; bribery supported by his inability to sign a commis· George III., 341, 344; crown sion for prorogation, 207: &lid and government induence over for holding assizes, 188 boroughs, 17, 347; revenue offi­ Commissions to inquire into bri­ cers disfranchised, 348; ma.jo­ bery at elections, 436 rity of members nominated, 361 ; COIDIDon Law, Courts of, reformed, trial of election petitions, 362; iii. 389 by committee of privileges, 363; Commons, Houl!e of, position of, at at the bar of the house, 364; the accession of George III., i. 329 ; Grenville Act, 365; corruption instances of his personal inter­ of members, 369-389; by places ference with, 28, 36, 45,66, 107; and pensions, 369; measures to d~bate thereon, 51, 69, 76; _ disqualify p\acemen and pen­ .istenc8 of the house to Pitt's sioners, 372; number of, in par­ first ministry, 72; resolution. liament, 373; judges diaquaii- • Index. COll COl!( tied, 375; bribes to members, of certain privileges, 73; to sel'­ 376-386; under Lord But/l, 378; vants, w.; of prisoners kneeling the shop at the pay-office, 379 ; at the bar, 74; privilege and the apology for refusing a bribe, courts of law, 75-83; case of 380; bribes by loans and lot­ Sir F. Burdett, 76; StockdaJ.e teries, 382; by contracts, 387; and Howard's actions, 79; com­ parliamentary corruption con­ mit Stockdale and his agents, sidered, 389; the reform move­ 81; commit the sheriffs, ;.0.; ment, 393--431; efforts to repeal right of the Commons to pub­ the SeptenniaJ. Act, 441 ; vote by lish papers affecting character, ballot, 445; quaJ.ification Acts, 78; increased power of the Com­ 448; proceedings at elections mons, 83; the' proceedings re­ improved, 449; later measures garding Jewish disabilities, 84; of reform, 400; relation of th.. control of the Commons over Com mOilS to crown, law, and the government, 86; over pesce people, ii. 1-112; contests on and war, and over dissolutions questions of privilege, 1; the of parliament, i. 56, 73, ii. 86; proceedings against Wilkes, 2; votes of want of confidence, i. his expulsion, 5; his expulsion 57, 76, 81, ii. 90; and of confi­ for libel on Lord Weymouth, 10 ; dence, i. 142, 425, ii. 91 ; im­ his re-elections declared void, peachments, 92; relations be­ 13, 14; Luttrell seated by the tween the Commons and minis­ house, a; motions npon the ters since the Reform Act, i. 132, Middlesex election proceedings, ii. 95; their control over the 16; the house address the King national expenditure, i. 229, condemning the city addrees, 21; ii. 98; liberality to the crown, the resolution against Wilkes ii. 99; stopping the supplies, expunged, 25 ; exclusion of 423, n., ii. 102; supplies de­ strangers from debates, 27, 61; layed, 80, ii. 102; restraints the exclusion nf ladies, 62, n. ; upon the liberaJ.ity of the house, the lords' excluded from the ii. 103; exclusive rights over Commons, 82; contest with the taxation, ii. 104; the rejection printers, touching the publica­ by the Lords of a money bill, tion of debates (1771), 33, 105; relative rights of the two 38; and with the city authori­ houses, 108; conduct of the ties, 43; report of debates house in debate, 126; increased permitted, 49; reporters' and authority of the chair, 128; oath strangers' galleries, 65; pub. of supremacy imposed on the lication of division lists, w.; CommQns, iii. 63; O'Connell re­ strangers present at divisions, fused his seat for Clare, 174; 67 ; publicity given to committee number of Catholic members in, proceedings, . 68; to parliamen­ 176 j Quakers and others ad. tary papers, w.; freedom of mitted on affirmation, 177; a comment upon parliament, 59 ; new form of oath established early petitions to parli.. m~nt, for Jews, 187, fl.; a resolution 60; commencement of the mo­ of the House not in force after a dern system of petitioning, 63; prorogation, 187, fl.; refusal to debates on, restrained, 69 ; receive the petitions of the pled~~s of membprs to their American colonists, 348. &tJ alnltituents, 70; diticontinuance a4Jo Members of the House of Inaex. COK cov Commons; Parlianient; Peti­ Cornwall,Duchy of, the r~venues tions of, the inheritance of Prince of Commons, House of, Irela.nd, the Wal.s, i. 248; their preseut eomposition of, iii. 800; eon­ amount, ih. fiicte with the executive, 807; Cornwall, Mr. Speaker, his death rlaim to originate money hills, during George III.'s incapacity, ih.; bought over by the gOVtn11- i. 183 ment, 314, 317,330 Corporations, the passing of the Commonwealth, the destruction Corporation and Test Acte, ill. of crown revenU~8 under, i. 76, 77; extortion practised on 228 dissenters under the CorpOl'lL­ Conservative Party, the. See tion Act, 90; motions for repeal Parties of Corporation and Test Acts, Constitutional Information Society, 100-104, 107; their repeal, ii. ii. 282: Pitt and other leading 192, iii. 167; the eonsent of the sbitesmen, m~hers of, ih., 283; bishops, 169 i the bill amended . reported on by secret 'eommittee, in the Lords, 160; admission of 302, 303; trial of members o~ Catholics to, 168, 302, 322.; for high treason, 306 anei Jews, 182.--(England), Constitutional Association, the, ii. the ancient system of Corpora­ 367 tions, 278 ; 10ssofpopuJarrights, Conteml't of court, imprisonment 279; corporations from the Re­ for, iii. 26 volution to George III., 280 i Contmcte with Government, a corporate abus.. , ih.; monopoly means of brihing memb.rs, I. of electoral righte, 280, 282; 387 i eontractors disqU8lifi~d corporate reform, 283; the bill from sitting in parliament, 389 amend.d by the Lords, 284 i Conventicle Act, the; iii. 75 I self-government restored, 286; Convention, National, of Franc,," the corporation of London ex­ correspondence with, of ;English cepted from the bill, 286.-'­ societies, ii. 283, 829 (Ireland), apparent recognition Conventions. See Delegates, Po- of populll1' rights in, 94, 290; Ii tieaJ Associations exclUSIOn of Catholics, 292; the Conway, G~neral. proscribed for first municipal r •.form Bill, ih.; votes in parliament, i. 28, 29; opposition of the Lords, 294; took office under Lord Rocking­ the municipal reform Act, 295. ham, 33; disclaimed the in­ --(Scotland), close system in, fiuence of the • King's friend.: 288 ; municipal abuses, 289 i re­ 36; his motion condemning the form, ih. American W8l', 66 Corresponding societies, 'proceod­ Co)!enhagen House, meetings at, ings of, ii. 269, 282, 291, 328 i Ii. 316, 324 trials of members of, 292, 307 i Corn Bill (1816), the, 'ii. 341, iii. bill to repress, 329 416 _ County elections, territorial in­ Corn Jaws, repeal of, ii. 212, 413, fiuence over, i. 353; expenses of iii. 418 contests at, 364, 365 ,Cornwallis, Marquess, his policy Courier n.wspaper, trial o~ for &8 Lord-lieutenant of IrelILnd libel, ii. 331 r.gardirlg Catholic relief, iii. Courts of law, the. and parliampn­ 116, 326 i eoncerte the Union, 327 tary pr;vilege, ii. 74-84, i decl· Index. eRA. CRO sions in :Burdett's case, 76; in mentary pri vileges by the crown, the Stockdale cases, 79 28, 36, ~5, 64, 66, 76; bribery Crawfurd, Mr. S., his motion as to at elections, and of members duration of parliament, i. 442 supported by the crown, 341, Crewe, Mr., his Revenue Officers' 344, 381; influence of the crown Bill, i. 348 exerted against its ministers at Cricklade, bribery at, i. 340; dis­ elections, 16, 17; in parliament, franchised, ih. 28,36,66,90,104,136; the atti­ Criminal code, improvement 'of, tude of parties a proof of the iii. 393, 396; counsel allowed in paramount influence of the cases of felony, 399; summary crown, 92, 124; its influence jurisdiction of magistrates, 404 ; exerted in favour of reform, the transportation question, 400 188, 143 ; Wise exertion of crown Crosby, Brass, Lord Mayor, pro­ influence in the present reign, ceoo..d against for committing 163; its general influence in­ the messenger of the house, ii~ creased, 164; parliament kept in 44,47 harmony by influence of the Crown, the, constitutional position crown, 807; the prerogatives of of, since the Revolution, i. 1; the crown in abeyance, 167 -224; paramount authority of, 2; the Regency Bills of George sources of its influence, 2-6; 111., 168-213; of William IV., by government boroughs, 34;; 219; of Queen Victoria, 223 ; by places, peerages, and pen­ powers of the crown exercised sions, 134, 237, 369; by bribes, by parliament, 181-188, 212, 376; by loans and lotteries, 382; 216; the Royal Sign Manual by contracts, 387; measures for Bill, 216; questions as to the the diminution of its influence, rights of an infant king, 219; I by disqualification of placemen, of a king's posthumous child, &c., 61, 348, 369, 374, 388; by 222; the ancient revenues of the the powers of the Commons over crown, 225: the constitutional the civil list expenditure, 229, results of the improvidence of 267; and over supplies, ii. 98 ; kings, 230; the parliamentary constitutional relations between settlement of crown revenues, the crown and ministers, i. 6, 14, 231; the civil list, 232-248; 104, 146, 154, 169, ii. 95; the private property of the crown, influence of the crown over 249; provision for the royal the government during Lord family, ih.; land revenues, 248; :Bute's ministry, i. 22; Mr. tbe pension list,· 266; rights of Grenville's, 27; Lord Rocking­ crown· over the Royal Family, ham's, 86,60; Lord North's, 44; 262; over grandchildren, 264, Lord Shelburne's, 62; • the coa­ 271; over royal marriages, 264; lition minist1'],' 65; Mr. Pitt's, the Royal Marriage Act, ih.; 87, 90; Mr. Addington's, 98; the question submitted to the Lord Grenville's, 103; the in­ judges, 266; opinion of law fluence of the crown during the officers on the marriage of Duke regency, 119; during the reigns of Sussex, 270; the attempt to of William IV. and her M,,:iesty, limit the rights of crown in the. 138-166; debates upon the in­ creation of peers, 27/); numerous fluence of the crown, 35, 61, 69, applications to the crown for 76,184,135; violat.ion ofparlia- peerages, 283 i the advice of par- lndex. CBO DET liament tendered to the crown printers, 40 ; opposed in tw.. nty­ as to peace and war, a di.soln-. three divisions, 41; reporting. tion, and the conduct of ministers, permitted, 49; late instance of 66, 73, ii. 83-91; addressed by complaints against persons tak­ the people on the subject of a ing notes, 61; reporting inter­ dissolution, 89; improVed rela­ rupted by the exclusion of tions between the CMwn and strangers, i. 82, n., ii. 51; poli­ Commons, 96-99; the delay or tical results of r"porting, 63; refUl!al of the supplies, i. 80, still a breach of privileg., 54; ii. 102; the recommendation of g ..lleries for reporters, 1i5; free­ the crown required to motions dom of comment on debates, 59; for grant of ,Public money, 103. improved t .. ste in debate, 127; 8u aUo MiDlsters of the Crown personalities of former times, Crown colonies, the. 8u Colonies 125 • Crown debtors, position of, iii. Debt, imprisoment for, iii. 31; 26 debtors' prisons, 32; exertions Crown lands. &6 Revenues of the of the Thatched House Society, Crown 33; insolvent debtors, 34; l ..ter Cumberland, Duke of, conducted measures of relief, 35 ministerial negotiations for the Delegates of political ..ssoci ..tions, King, i. 31, 33; protested the prsctice of, adopted, ii. 269, against resolutions for a regency 328, 388, 400, 408; assembl.d bill, 185; his name omitted from at Edinbnrgh, 293 ; law against, the eommission to open p .. rli.... 344; in Ireland, 368 ment, 188; married Mrs. Hor­ Democracy, associations promoted. ton, 262 ; (Ernest) grand master in 1792, ii. 279, 281 ; alarm ex-. of the Orange Society, ii. ~oo ; cited by, 284; procl ..mation dissolves it, ~03 against, 287; in Scotland, 292; Curwen, Mr .. his Act to restrain in the Colonies, ill. 370; dis­ the s..re of boroughs, i. 346 couragoo by good government, Cust, Sir John, chosen spe .. ker, i. 419. Su also Party. 18; ..rtercations with, when in Denman, Lord, his decision in the chair, ii. 128 Stockd..re 'IJ. Hansard, ii. 78 Customs and excise officers dis­ Dering, Sir E., expelled for pub­ franchised, i. 348; numbers of, lishing his speeches, ii. 3~ 849 Derby, Earl of, the reform bill of his ministry, 1859, i. 453; the rejection of the bill, 456; his ANBY, Earl, his case cited first ministry defeated on the. D with reference to ministeri ..l house tax, ii. 102; his minis­ responsibility, i. 116 tries, ii. 216, 221, 229, iii. 433 ; D.. viot Case, the, iii. 246 persuades the Lords to agree to . ·De ..ths, Act for registr.. tion of; ill. Jewish relief, iii. 186; his reo 192 form bill,1t167, 436; his resigna­ Debates in pa.rlisment, the pub­ tion, 1869, iii. 1 lication of, prohibited, ii. 34; Derbyshire insurrectioD, the, ii. s .. nctioned by the Long Parli.... 345 ment, 34; early publications of D'Este, Sir A., his claim to the deb ..tes, 1!6; abuses of reporting, dukedom of Sussex, i., 270 37, 38; the contest with the Devonshire, Duke of, disgraced fol' VOL. nx. HH Index. DIP Dl."lI' opposition to the treaty with 143; bills for relief of dissenters France, i. 23; resigned his lord­ ~n respect of births, marriages, lieutenancy, ro. and burials, 151, 162, 188-192 ; Diplomatic relations with the repeal of the Corporation and Papal Court Bill, iii. 230, 11. Test Acts, ii. 192, iii. 167; dis­ Dismeli, Mr., his reform bill, 1859, senters admitted to the Commons i. 453; his reform resolutions, on making an affirmation, 177 ; 1867, iii. 435; his reform bill in admitted to universities and en­ the same year, 436; how amended, dowed schoola, 195, 200; the and its ultimate form, 437; suc­ London University, 198; the ceeds Lord Derby as premier, Dissenters' Chapels Bill, 199; 440; his Scotch reform bill, ro. ; final repeal of penal code, 200 ; and other supplementary mea­ the church-rate question, 201; sures of reform, 441; his resig­ progress of dissent, 212, 222; nation, 446 numbers of different seets, &c., Dissenters, origin of djSs~nt, iii. 65- 222, 223; in Scotland, 255, 11., 77 ; the penal code of Elizabeth, in Ireland, 268; relations of the 63, 65; dissent from James J. Church and dissent, 226; and to Chas. II., 71-77; attempts of dissent to political liberty, at comprehension, 76, 79; Cor­ th. puration and Test Acts, 75, 77 ; Dissolutions of Parliament. Be, conduct of dissenters at the Re­ Addresses to the Crown; Par- volution, 77; the Toleration Act, liament . 78; dissenters in reigns of Anne Divisions, instance of a stranger and Geo. I. and II., 81 ; the Oc­ counted in a Commons' division, casional Conformit:r Act, 82; ii. 28; twenty-three divisionl annual Acts of Indemnity, ro., on one question, 41 ; the lists of, ft.; their' num llers at accession published by both houses, 67; of Geo. m., 83, 11.; impulse· presence of strangers at, ro. given by Wesley and Whitefield, Donoughmore, Lord, his motions 85; relaxation of penal code for Catholic Relief, iii. 131,136, commenced, 88; general cha­ 138 racter of the penal code, 89 ; ex­ Douglas, Neil, trial of, for sedition, tortion practised on dissenters ii.351 by the City of London under Dowdeswell, Mr., opposed the ex­ the Corporation Act, 90; debate pulsion of Wilkes, ii. 11, 18 on subscription to the Articles Downie, D., trial of, for high trea­ by dissenters, 91 ; and admission son, ii. 304 to universities, 92; subscription Drakard, J., trial of, for libel, ii. by dissenting schoolmasters abo­ 336 lished, 93, 94 ; offices in Ireland • Droit Ie Roi,' the book burnt by thrown open, ro.; first motions order of the Lord., ii. 7 for repeal of the Corporation and Droits oftha Crown and Admiralt" Test Acts, 100-105; motions for the, vested in the crown till relief of Unitarians, 109; and accession of William IV., i. 233, 'of Quakers, 112; Lord Sid­ 246 mouth's Dissenting Ministers' Dundas, Mr., his amendment to Bill, 134; relief from require­ Mr. Dunning's resolutions. i. 62 ments of the Toleration Act, Dundas, Mr., leader of th~ Tories 136; the army thrown open, in Scotland, ii. 172 Index. D17lI BLB Dundas, Mr. R., his influence in 413; address of the House of Scotla!ld, ii. 181 Lords on the subject, 415; the DlIDgannon, convention of volun­ system continued, ih. teera at, iii. 314 Edwards, the government spy, iti. Donning, Mr., his resolutions 43 ago.iust the influence of the Edward II., the revenues of his crown, i. 1i2; denied the right of crown, i. 226 the house to incapacitate Wilkes, Edward VI., his sign manual af- ii.18 ' fixed by a stamp, i. 217 ' Dyer, cudgelled by Lord Mohun Effingham, Earl of, his motion for a libel, ii. 244 condemning the Commons' oppo­ Dyson, Mr., soubriquet given him sition to Mr. Pitt, i. 79 by the reporters, ii. 40 Eldon, Lord, the suspected adviser of George m. against the Gren- ville ministry, 1807, i. Ill; at ARL MARSHAL'S Office Act, first disliked by the Regent, 121 ; EJ the, iii. 154 condoled with George IV. on East Retford, the disfranchisement th. Catholic emancipation, 137 ; hill ot; i. 414 ,scandalised when the crown sup- East India, the Company allowed ported reform, 140; chancellor a drawback on tea shipped to to ilie Addington ministry, 19a; America, iii. 352; fl..rst parlia- his declaratioa as to George m.'s mentary recognition and regula- competency to traasact business, tion of, 377; Mr. Fox'. lAdia 20-1; -obtained the royal assent Bill, 378; Mr. P,tt's, 381; the to bills, ih.; his interview with Bill of 1853, 382; India trans- the King, 202 ; negotiated Pitt's ferred to the crown" 383 j sub- return to &ffic,e, 203 j his con- sequent administration, ih. duct impugned, 204; motions Eaton, D. I., trial of, for sedition, to omit his name from Council ii. 302 of Regency, 205 j his opinion as Ebrington, Lord, his motions in to the accession of an infant support of the' ...form ministry, king, 220; his position as a i. 425, 426 statesman, ii. 119; retired from Ecclesiastical Commission, the, iii. office on promotioR of Canning, 217 ii. 189; opposes the repeal of Ecclesiastical Titles Act, t.he, 1851, the Corporation and Test Acts, iii. 232; its repeal, 1871, 1151 192, iii. 16G; and Catholic relief, Economic 'reform, Mr. Burke's, i 171 ; assisted poor suitors to Pllt 52, 239, 268 'in answ~rs, 27; favours autho- Edinburgh, the defective repre- rity, 392; J'esists amendment of sentation of, i. 366; bill to amend the penal code, 397 it, 369 Election petitions, the tri&!. of Edinburgh Review, the influence prior to the Grenville Act, i. ot; ii. 181 362 ; under that Act, 366; later Education, pro~als for a national election petition Acts,' 367 ; syst.em in England, iii. 1112; the their transfer to judges of supe- Endowed Schoola Act, 1869, 461; rior courts, 369, fl.; iii. 441 the Scotch Edncation Bill, 1869, Elections, expensive contests at, ih.; the Elementary Education i. 333, 338, 354 ; vexatious ron·· Act, 1870, 462; in Ireland, 270, tests, 360 j Acts to amend el;;; 'Jl H 2 Index. BLE FOX tion proceedings; 449; writs for, vt'rnmt'nt for libels, ii. 248, 336, Ilddressed to returning officers, 378; bills to restrain, 261, 255 460. Sell alBO Reform of Parlia­ Expenditure, national, vast in­ ment crease in, since 1860, iii. 420 Elective francbise, Ireland, the Extradition treaties, iii. 69 regulation of, iii. 166, 172; ad­ mission of Catholics to, 168, 336 ACTORIES, labour of children, Elizabeth, Queen, her church po- F &0., regulated in, iii. 411 licy, iii. 63 . Families, great, the state influence Ellenborough, Lord, his admission of, i. 8, 353; opposed by George to the cabinet, when Lord Chief m., 11, 40; their influence at Justice, i. 103: his conduct on the present day, 165 the trials of Hone, ii. 360, Financial policy, the present sys­ n.; a cabinet minister, iii. 392 ; tem of, iii. 418 resists amendment of the crimi­ Fitzgerald, Mr. V., defeated in the nal code, 397 Clare election, iii. 163 Entinck, Mr., his papera seitred Fitzherbert,· Mr., proscribed for under a general warrant, iii. 7 j opposition to court policy, i. 29 brings an action, th. Fitzherbert, Mrs., married th• . Erskine, Lord, his motions against Prince of Wales, i. 269 a dissolution, i. 70, 74 j his Fitzwilliam, Earl, dismissed from speech on the pledge required his lord-lieutenancy for att~nd-. from the Grenville ministry, ing a public meeting, ii. 356; U3 j his support of reform, his conduct as Lord-lieutenant 402, 404, 407; the character of of Ireland, iii. U4, 324; his his oratory, U7j aleadingmem­ motion on the state of Ireland, ber of the Whig party, ii. 161 j 136 support. the rights of juries in Five Mile Act, the, iii. 75 libel cases, 258; case of. Dean Flogging, articles on military flog­ of St. Asaph, th.; of Stockdale, ging punished as libels, iii. 336 j 259; promotes the libel Act, in army and navy abated, 405 260, 263; defends Paine, 280; Flood, Mr., his reform bill, i. 401 • and Hardy and Horne Tooke, his efforts for independence of 307 Ireland, iii. 315; for reform, Erskine, E., seceded from the 319 Church of Scotland, iii. 239 Foreigners. Su Aliens Erskine, Mr. H., the leader of the Four and a half per cent. duties, Whigs in Scotland, ii. 172 the, sources of the revenue to Establishment Bill, the, brought crown, i. 235,246; charged with in by Burke, i. 241 pensions, 257; surrendered by Ewart, Mr., his efforts to reform William IV., 261 the criminal code, iii. 898 Fox, Mr. C. J., his remarks on the Exchequt'r chllmber, court of, re­ policy of George m., i. 49, 61, Terse the decision in Howard v. 65, 60; coalesced with Lord Gosset, ii. 82 N ortb, 68; in the coalition Excise Bill, its withdrawal in de­ ministry, 65; brought in the ference to popular clamour, ii. India Bill, 67; dismissed from 266 office, 71; heads the opposi tion FoX·officio information filed by go- to Pitt, 74; his name struck off Index. ":It IlEH the liet of privy councillors by disapproval of, i. 23; members the King, 89; and proscribed bribed to support, 379 fl'01D offi"", 100; admitted to Franchise, the, of England, at the office. 103; again dismissed, accession of George Ill., i, 331 ; 108; his death ioosened the tie --of Scotland, 366; --of between the Regent and the Ireland, 369; under 14e Reform Whigs, 120; his conduct re­ Act, 427-430; later measures of garding the Regency Bill, 177, reform, 460; the faDcy fran­ 181; comments thllr"On, 193; chises of the Whigs, 461; ofth6 his disapproval of the Royal Tories, 464 ; franchises proposed Ma.rriage Act, 266; the West,. in 1866, iii. 436; granted in minster election. 861; cost of 1867-68, 437-440. See also Re­ the scrutiny, 362; received un­ form in Parliament fair treatment from Mr. Pitt, Free Church of Scotland, the, iii. ill. ; denounced parliA.JDentary 262 corruption, by loans, 386; sup­ Freedom of opinion. See Opinion, ported the proceadings against Freedom of Wilkes, ii. 26; his wise remark Free trade, the policy of, adopted, on unrestrained reporting, 61; ii. 210, 416, iii. 412 ; elfect of, his position as an orator, 114; on fIOlonial policy, 363 opposes the repressive policy of French Revolution, effect of, on 1792,ii.166,288;andofl794-6, parties, ii. 163; sympathy with, 149, 320-327, iii. 12; his ad­ of English democrate, 279, 281, vice to the Whigs to take office 283; alarm excited by, 284, rejected, ii. 160; refuses office 360,366 under Lord Shelburne, 161; in • Friends of the People: the so­ office with Lord North, 163; his ciety of, statements by, as to policy contrasted with Mr. Pitt's, the composition of the House 'h., .... 169; sympathises with o£ Commons, i,' 332, 361 ; Iced­ the Frp.nch Revolution. 163; at,. ing Whigs members of, ii. 64; tempte.d coalitions with Mr. Pitt, discountenances democracy, 283 166,176; deserted by his party, Frost, J., tried for sedition, ii. 289 166; secedes from Parliament, Fuller, Mr. R., bribed by a pension 173; in office with Lord Sid­ from the crown, i. 371 mouth, 177. iii. 126; effect of his death on partie .. ii. 178 ; his remark on the rights of juries in ASCOYNE, General, his anti­ libel cases, 266; his libel bills, G reform motion, i. 423 • 260; takes the chair at a reform Gatton, the number of voters in, meeting, 1779. 269; advocates prior to reform, i. 332; the prioe the relief of Catholics, iii. 91i, of the borough, 367 122; and of Dissenters and Gazetteer, the, complained against Unitarians, 103, 104, 108; his for publishing debetes, ii. 89 India Bill, 3711 General Assembly, the (Church of Fox, Mr. Henry, Sir R. Walpole's Scotland), petitions for relief agent in bribery, i. 378 from the Test Act, iii. 107; Fox Maule, Mr., presente petition passes the Veto Act, 240; re­ of the General Assembly, iii. 260 Jects Lord Aberdeen's compro­ France, tile treaty of peace with, mise, 244; addresses Her Ma­ prosenptiOD of, the Whigs for jesty, 248; admits the 9.uoatl 470 OEN GEO 8acra ministers, 249; petitions opposition, 47 ; exaeted a pledge Parliament, 250.; the secession, of his ministers to maintain the 251 ; the Veto Act rescinded, 252 American war. 49 ; .his overtures General warrants, issued in the to the Whigs, 49. 50; debates case of the 'North Briton,' iii. 2; on his personal interference in against Mr. Entinck, 7; at-tions parliament, iiI-55, 69; sought brought in consequence, 4; con­ to intimidate the opposition demned in Parliament, 9 . peers. 54; the defeat of his Gentlemali's Magazine, the, one American policy. 56; his ap- of the first to l'I'port parliamen­ proval of Lord North's conduct, tary debates, ii. 36 58; the results of the king's George 1., his civil list. i. 233; policy, 69; the second Rocking­ the powers he claimed o"er hIS ham ministry, 60; their mea­ grandchildren. 264; consentei sures to repress his influence, to the Peerage Bill, 271i 61, 258. 349. 373; Lord Shel­ George II.. hie Regency Act, i. burne's ministry. 62; the king's 168; his civil list, 233; the resistance to the • coalition,' 66- great seal affixl'd to two com­ 70; his negotiations with Pitt, missions donng his illness. 186; 63. 64; use of his name against his savings, 236 the India Bill. 67; his support Georgs III.• the accession ot; i. 9 ; of }'itt against the Commons, his education, 10; determination 78-82; his position during this to govern, 11-17; his jealousy contest, 83; its result upon his of the Wliig families. 11; his policy, 87; his relations with secret counsellors. 12; his arbi­ Pitt, ib.; his general influence trs\ry conduct and violation of augmented. 89. 92; prepared to parliamentary privileges during use it against Pitt, 90; the Lord Bute's ministry. 22; during king's opposition to the Catholic Mr. Grenville·s. 28; his differ­ question. 93; his illness' from ences with that ministry. 27. 31. agitation on this subject, 98 ; his 33; his active interference in relations with Addington. 96. affairs daring that ministry, 81; 98; Pitt reinstated, 99; the pledged himself not to be influ­ king's refusal to admit Fox to enced by Lord Bute, ih.; con­ office, 100; the admission of sented to dismiss Mr. S. Mac­ Lord Grenville and Mr. Fox to kenzie. 32 ; the conditions of the office. 103; his opposition to Rockingham ministry, 34; ex­ changes in army admiuistration, erted his influence against them. 104; unconstitutional use of his ,36, 39; attempted, with Chat­ influence against the Army and . ham, to destroy parties, 40; his Navy Sernce Bill, 101i; the influence donng Chatham's mi­ pledga he required of his minis­ nistry, 41, 43; tried to retain ters. 107; hi. anti-Catholic ap­ him in office, 43; the king's peal on the dissolution (1807), ascendency during Lord North's 116; his influence prior to his ministry, 44, 49, 58; his irrita­ last illness, 11 7; his character tion at opposition, 45, 48; ex­ compared to that of the Prince erted his will in favour of the Regent, 119 ; the king's ill­ Royal Marriage Bill. 45; took nesses, 167-216; the first ill-· notice of proceedings in parlia­ ness. 167;' his scheme for a ment. 46; proscribed officers in regency. 169; modified by mi- I1Ulex.

OB~ 8T.o ni.ura, 170; speech and ad­ respecting seditious practice•. dresops· on this .u~jeet, 170; 1792 and 1794, 287, 302; at­ con.enud to the withdrawal of tacked by the mob, 316; opposes hi. mother'. name from Regency Catholic relief, iii. 117, 118 ; Bill, 173; his second illness, and the Army and Navy Service 176; recovery, 189; anxiety to Bill, 128; his message to Par­ provide for a regency, 196; his liament touching affairs in Ire­ third illness, in the inUrval land, 316; speks to tax the between the Pitt and Addington American colonies, 344, 341 ministries, ih.; recovery, 197; George IV., the sscendency of the fourth illness, 199; questions Tory party under, i. 129; the arising as to his compeuncy proceedings ~inst his Queen, to trlln8SCt businp.88, 201-206; ih.; his aversIon to Lord G",y gave his assent to bills, 202; and the Whigs, 133; his popu­ aneooou as to his reading the larity, 134; his opposition to bills, 202; Pitt'. interview Catholic claims, 136; yielded, with the king, 203; his last but showed his dislike to his illness, 206; the passing the ministers, 137 ; the Act to autho­ Regency Bill, 208-213; his civil rise him to affix his sigu manual list, 234; other eources of his by a stamp, 216; his civil list revenue, 236; the purchase of and other reveuues, 244, 246 ; his Buckingham House, 236; hi. conduct on the passing of the domestic economy, ih.; debu on Catholic Relief Bill, iii. 168, hi. civil list, 237; profusion in 172 his household, 240; his message Germaine. Lord G., his statement on the public expenditure, 241 ; respf'Cting George III.'s personal his pension list. 267; his anney­ influence, i. 49 ance at his brothers' marriages, German Legion, the, Cobbet.t'slibel 262; his attachment to Lady S. on, ii. 3:16 Lennox, 263; the Royal Mar­ Gerrald, J., tried for sedition, ii. riage Act. 264; clsimed the 298 guardianship of Princess Char­ Gibson, :Mr. Milner, heads move­ lotte, 271; profuse in creation of ment egainst taxes on know­ peers, 277; his expenditure at ledge, ii. 382; his proposal to , elections,342; aupporUd bribery . establish county financial boards, at electioDs, and of members, iii. 297 7141,344, 381; his opposition to Gillray, his caricatures, ii. 265 reform, 91, 399; his answer to Gladstone, :Mr., separates. from the city address on the proceed­ Lord Palmerston's ministry, ii. iD~ against Wilkes, ii. 20; his 219; his financial policy, iii. obJection to political agitation by 418; rejected by Oxford Uni­ petitions, 66; his party ucties versity, 1865, 429; introduces a on accession, ii. 142; influence reform bill, 1866,431; becomes_ of his friends, 143; overcomes premier in 1868, 447; his Irish the Coalition, 165; influenced Church Bill, 1869, ih.; his by Lord Thurlow, 160; his re­ Irish Land Bill, 448; and other pugnance to the Whigs, 161, measures, 449 et seq. 178; to Fox, 176; directs the Glasgow, the defective representa.­ suppreS'sion of the Gordon riots, tion of, i. 366 276; his speech and message Gloucester, bribery at. i. 4.37 472 Index. GLO GRB Gloucester, Duke of, married Lady the independence of Ireland, 313, .' Waldegrave, i. 262 311i, 332; his death, 145 Goderich, Lord, his administration, Great seal, the, use of, under autho­ ii. 191 rity of parliament, during George Goldsmiths' Hall Association, the, m.'s illness, i. 182, 186, 209; ii. 293,298 questions arising thereupon, 191; Good Hope, Cape of, a constitution affixed by Lord Hardwicke to granted to, iii. 372 two commi ssions during illness Gordon, Lord G., the petitions of George II., 186 that he presented to Parliament, Grenville Act, trial of election pe~ ii. 64; heads the Protestant As­ titions under, i. 365; made per­ sociation, ii. 272, iii. 98; pre­ petual,366 senta their petition, ii.273; Grenville, Lord, the proposal that , committed to Newgate, 276 he should take office with Pitt, i. Gosset, Sir W., sued by Howard 100; formed an administration for trespass, ii. 82 on his. death, 103; differed with Government, executive, control of the King on the army adminis­ Parliament over, ii. 86; strong tration, 104; the Army Service and weak governments since the Bill, 105; cabinet minute reserv­ Reform Act, 96. Su al&o Minis­ ing liberty of action on the Ca­ ters of the Crown tholic question, 107; pledge re­ Gower, Earl of, his amendment to quired by the King on that sub­ resolutions for a regency, i. 212; ject, 108; dismissed, ill.; his cleared the house, ii. 31 advice neglected by the Regent, Gower, Lord F. L., his resolution 121; attempted reconciliation, for the state endowment of Irish 122; failure of negotiations on priests, iii. 166 the • household question,' 126; Grafton, Duke of, dismissed from his difficulty in issuing public lord-lieutenancy for opposing money during George lll.'s inca­ the court policy, i. 23; accepted pacity, 214; the tactics of his office under Lord Chatham, 40; party, ii. 176,186; inoffice,176, complained of the bad results of iii. 125; introduces the Treason­ Chatham's ill-health, 42; con­ able Practices Bill, ii. S 17; ad· sequent weakness {If the minis­ vocates Catholic relief, iii. 120; try, 43; his resignation, ill.; his his Army and Navy Service ministry broken up by debates Bill, 126; fall of his ministry, upon Wilkes, ii. 18 128 Graham, Sir J., separates from Grenville, Ml-. George, succeeded Lord Palmerston's ministry, ii. ·Lord Bute as premier, i. 25; did 219; case of opADing letters by, 'not darer to George lll., 26; iii. 46; his answer to the claim, remonstrated against Lord Bute's &c., of .the Church of Scotland, influence, ill., 31; supported the 248 king's arbitrary measures, 28 j Grampound, the disfranchisement differences between them, 81 j bills of, i. 409 his Election Petitions Act, 366 j Grant, Ml-. R., his motions for his statement of amount of secret Jewish relief, iii. 198, 181 service money; 8j9; the bribery Grattan, Mr., the character of his under his ministry, 380; opposed oratory, ii. 118; advocates Catho­ Wilkes's expulsion, ii. 12; his lic relief, iii. 123, 131, 136-141 ; motion for reduction of land Index. 473 au JIlIN to, 101; attacked by Wilkes, mother from the Regeney, i. ii. 103; his schemes for taxation 173 of American colonies, iii. 347. Hamilton, Duke of, a Scottish pesr, Grey, Earl, his advice neglected by not allowed the rights of an Eng­ the Regent, i. 121; declined lieh peer, i. 286 office on the 'household question: Hamilton, Lord A., advoeated re­ 126; advocated reform, and led form in the representation of the reform ministry, 139, 310, Scotland, i. 358 402, '07, 420; lost the confi­ Hanover, House of, the character dence of William IV., 145; ac­ of the ti:rst two kings of, favour­ euead Lord Eldon of using George able to constitutional govern­ ill,'. name withoutdue ..uthority, ment, i. 76 20 I, 206; the regulation of the Hanover, kingdom of, 'the revenues civil list by his ministry, 246; attached to the crown till her his views on the present state of Majesty's accession, 247 the House of Lords, 308, D.; ad­ Hansard, Messrs., sued by Stock­ vised the ~eation of new peers, dele for libel, ii. 78 311, 316; favoured a shorter Harcourt, Lord, supported the in~ duration of parliament, 441 ; the fluence of the crown over parlia­ character of his oratory, ii. 119 ; ment, i. 37 the separation of his party from Hardwicke, Lord, affixed the great tha Radicals, ii. 182, 199; car­ seal to commissions during ill­ :riaa Parliamentary Reform, 196 ; ness of George IT., i. 186 his ministry, 198-204; hisA:rmy Hardwicke, Lord, changes caused and Navy Semce Bill, iii. 127 ; by his Marriage Act, iii. 161 advocataa Catholic claims, 130; Hardy, T., tried for treason, ii. and :relief from declaration 307 . against transubstantiation, 144 Harrowby, Earl of, supported Grey, Mr. (1667), an early reporter George IV. on the Catholic ques­ of the debataa, ii. 86 tion, i.114 Grosvenor, General, his hostile mo" Hastings, Mr. Warren, impeach­ tion against Ml. :Pitt's ministry, mente not abated by dissolution, L 78 aatBblished in his case, ii. 93 Grote, Mr., advocated vote by bal­ Hastings, the sale of the seat for. lot, i. 446 this borough, i. 346 Hawkesbury, Lord, the supposed adviser of George ill. against ABEAS CORPUS SUSPEN­ the Grenville ministry, i. 111; H SION ACTS, tbe,-of 1774, his declaration as to the King's ii. 302, 313, iii. 12; of 1817, competency to transact business, ii. 343, iii. 16; of 1860 Bnd 201; his refusal of Napoleon's 1871, 19; cases of, between the demands against the press and Revolution and 1794, iii. 11 ; the foreigners, ii. 332, iii. 64 Acte of Indemnity, 12-111 ;-­ Heberden, Dr., his evidence re­ in Ireland, llI, 147 garding the King's illnesses, i. Halifax, Earl of, issue of general 204,206 . warrants by, iii. 2, 7; action Henley, Mr., seceded from the brought against him by Wilkes, Derby ministry on the question 6 ; o1!tained the consent' of of reform, i. 455 George III. to exclude his :Henry Ill.,. V., Vl., 'llld VII., the 474 Index. , III!N mx revenues of their crowns, i. 226, 402; his scbeme for voluntary 227 enlistment, iii. 24; bis proposed Henry VIII., his sign manual reform of county administration, affixed by a stamp, i. 217; his 297 ; his exertions in revision of crown revenues, 227 official salaries, 386 Herbert, Mr., his bill as to the ex­ Hunt, Leigh, tried for libel, ii. 335 pulsion of members, ii. 19 Hunt, Mr., headed the Manchester Heron, Sir R., his bill for shorten­ meeting, ii. 354; tried for sedi­ ing the duration of parliament, tion, 363 i.442 ' Huskisson, Mr., his prophecy as Hewley, Lady, the case of her to reform in Parliament, i. 416; chari ties, iii. 199 his commercial policy, ii. 187, iii. Hindon, bribery at, i. 340 417 Hobhouse, Mr., committed for libel­ Hyde Park, meeting in, prohibited ling the house of commons, ii. 60 1866,iii.434; parkrailingspullcd Hobhouse, Sir J., his vestry Act, down, and riots in the park, iii. 277 th. ; another meeting prohi­ Hoghton, Sir H., his Dissenters bited in 1867, but held in defi­ Relief Bills, iii. 93 ance of government, 437 ; failure Huldernesse, Lord, retired from of a bill to give additional office in favour of Lord Bute, i. powers to government, 439; un­ 19 settled ,state of the law, tho Holland, Lord, his amendment for an address to the Prince of Wales, i. 210 MPEACHMENT of ministers Hone, W., trials of, for libel, ii. I by parliament, ii. 92; rare in '349 , later times, 93; not abated by Horner, Mr. F., his speech against a dissolution, th. a regency bill, i. 210 Impressment, for the army, iii. 20; Horsley, Bishop, his opinion on for the navy, 21 the rights of the people, ii. 319 ; Imprisonment, for debts to the amends the Protestant Catholic crown, iii. 25; contempt of Dissenters Bill, iii. 106 court, 26; on mesne process, Household, the. 8M Royal House­ 29; for debt, 31. 8M also Pri­ hold sons House tax, the, Lord Derby's Indemnity Acts, the, on expiration ministry defeated on, ii. 102 of the Habeas Corpus Suspen­ Howard, Messrs., reprimllnded for sion Acts. iii. 15, 16 ;--An­ conducting Stockdale's action, ii. nual, the first passed, 82, fl. 80; committed, 81; sued the Independents, the, their tenets, iii. sergeant-at-arms, 82 67; their toleration, 73; num­ Howick, Lord, denounced secret bers, &c., 222, 224, fl. advice to crown; i. Ill, 112. India Bill" the (1783), thrown out " 8M also Grey, Earl by intluenoe of the crown, i. 71 Hudson, Dr., tried for sedition, ii. India. 8M East India 290 Informers. 8M Spies Hudson's Bay Company, the, ii. Insolvent debtors, laws for the re­ 615 . lief of, iii. 34 Hume, Mr., his motion against Ireland, the position of the Church Orange lodges in the army, ii. ~. caUded alarm to William IV., Imux. 475 10K i. 145; numoor of archbishops mission of Catholics to the and bishop. of, 281; lost their .lectin franchise, 110, 322; tJte I88ta in .l'~Dt by Act of United Irishmen, ii. 329, iiL' 1869, w. fl. ; representative 322; feuds between Protestanta bishops of, w. ; --civil list of, and Catholics, 324; the rebel­ 246; pensions on the crown re­ lion of 1798, 325: Union with venuee of, 267, 268 ; consolidated England concerted, 327; oppo­ with English l"'nsion list, 261 ; sition bonght 'olf, 330; the --tho parliament of, their Union effected, 333; ita results, proceedings on the regency, 194; ih.; effect of Catholic relief lind address the Prince, w.: Irish reform in the representation; office-holders disqualified for 172, 335; present position of parliament, 373 : --the repre­ Ireland, ih.; and of ite Catholic .... ntative peers of, 280; restric­ inhabitante, 336; the number of tion upon the number of the Irishmen on the English bench, Irish peerage, ih. : ite absorption 337, n.; --corporate reform; into the p ...rags of the United 290: new poor law introduced Kingdom, 289: Irish peers sit into, 408: disestablishment of in the Commons, 281 : --re­ the Irish Church, 1869, 447 : presentation of, prior to the the Irish land bill, 1870, 448 Reform Bill, 369, 361 : nomina­ Irnham, Lord, his daughter mar­ tion boronghs abolished at the ried to the Duke of Cumberland, Union, 360; Irish judge. dis­ i.262 qualified, 376: --the Reform Act of, 430: amended (1860), w.: the Reformation in, iii. 70: JAMAICA, colonial institutions d~ngeroU8 state of, 1823-26, in, iii. 340, 356:' contumacy 154: and in 1828, 163: burial of assembly repressed, 364 " grounda in, open to all perana- James I., his crown revenues, i. sions, 194; the tithe question, 227 266, 263-268; national eduC&- James II., .xpelled by union of tion, 270, 413: Maynooth and church ,and dissenters, iii. 77: Queen's Colleges, 270: Govern- his proposal to ta.x colony of ment 'Df Ireland prior to the Massachusetts, 343 Union, 299: the parliament, Jews, the admission of, to parlia- 300; the executive, 302; power ment, ii. 84: naturalisation monopolised by churchmen, ih.; Act of, 1764, repealed, 266; supremacy of English Govern- tolerated by Cromwell, iii. 73; ment, 303; commercial restrie- excepted from Lord Hardwick.'s tionS; 305; partially removed, Marriage Act, lIi!; the first 310, 312: residence of lord- motions for their relief, 178: lieutenant enforced, 302, 306: Mr. Grant's motions, ih., 181; conflicte between the Commons Jews admitted to corporations, and the Ex.cutive, 307; stata of 182; returns of Baron Roths- Ireland, 1776, 308; the volon- child and Mr. Salomons, 183, tears, 311; they agitate for in- 184; attempt to admit Jews dependence and parliamentary under declal'lltion, 185; the Re- reform, 312-815, 318: the con· lief Acta, 186, 187: number of, ventiOil at Dungannon, 314; returned, ih. independence granted, 316: ad- , Johnson, Dr., a compiler of parlia- Index. ZON LIB mentary reports, ii. 36, 37, 60, the Whigs, 177 ; . estranged from 113, fl. them,179 Jonps, Mr. Gale, committed -for Knight's (a n~) case, iii. 37 libel on the House of Commons, Knighthood, the orders of, i. 324 ii 60 . Judges, the introduction of a judge into the Grenville cabinet, i. ADIES, debates in the Commons 103; disqualified from parlia­ L attended by, ii. 29; their ex­ ment, 376; except the Master of clusion, 62, fl. the Rolls, ih.; their. conduct in Lambton, Mr.; his motion for re­ libel cases, ii. 348, 349; number form, i. 361,410 of Irishmen on the English Lancaster, Duchy of, the revenues bench, iii. 337, fl.; spirit and of, attached to the crown, i. 227, temper of the judges, 391 ; their 235, 248; present amount, ih. teuure of office assured, 392 Land bill (Ireland) 1870, iii. 448 Junius, the letter of, to the king, Land revenues of the crown. Su ii.262 Revenues of the Crown Juries, righte of, in hoe! cases, ii. Land tax, the, allowed twice over 263-263 to crown tenantry, i. 253; re­ duced by vote of the Commons, ii. 101; third reading of a land ENNINGTON COMMON, tax bill delayed, i. 74; ii. 103 K Chartist meeting at, ii. 410 Lansdowne, Marquess of, his a­ Kent, DuchllSS of, appointed Re- mendment to resolutions for a gent (1830), i. 221 regency, i. 212; his motions re­ Kentish petitioners imprisoned by specting the marriages of Catho­ the Commons, ii. 62 lies and Dissenters, iii. 162; for Kenyon, Lord, his opinion on the relief of English Catholics, ih. coronation oath, i. 93 Lauderdale, Earl of, condemned Kersal Moor, Chartist meeting at, the King's conduct to the Gren­ ii. 409; election of popular re­ ville ministry, i. Il1i presentative at, ih. Law, the, improvement in the spirit King, Lord, moved to omit Lord and administration of, iii. 389; Eldon's name from the council legal sinecures abolished, 390 of regency, i. 206 Legislatorial attornies, election of, King, questions as to &eePssion of at public meetings, ii. 351 ;-prao­ an infant king, i. 219; as to the tice of, imitsted by the Chartists, rights of a king's posthumous 408 ' child, 222; rights of a king over Leicpster, case of bribery from co ... the royal family, 262. Su al80 ~e funds of the borongh of, Crown, the. 1.413 • King's Friends, the,' the party so Lennoll, Lady S., admired by George eaJled, i. 13; their influence, Ill., i. 263 36; led by Addington, 100, Lethendy case, the, iii. 246 103; their activity against the Letters, opened at the Post-n1lice, Army Service Bill, 106; the by government, iii. 44; the fo ... • nabobs' rank themselves among mer practice, 45, and fl.; case 04 them, 336; a spction of the in 1844, 46 Tory party, ii. 143; estrangpd Libel, the Libel Act, ii. 260-264; from Pitt, 176; coalesce with Lord Sidmouth's circular to the Index. 477 I.IJI LOB lord·lieutenanta respecting sedi­ on George III., 324; increased tious libels, ii. 346; conduct of activity of, 328; suppressed by judges in libel cases, 348, 349. Act, 329 Su also Sedition, &c. London Magazine, the, one of the Liberal Party, the. Su Party first to report parliamentary de, Liberty of opinion; Su Opinion, bates, ii. 36 Liberty of London University, founded, iii. 198 Liberty of the subject. Su Subject, Lord-lieutenant of Ireland, thl! Liberty of residence of, enforced, iii. 306 Liconsing Act, the, ii; 242; not re­ Lords, House of, relations of, with newed,243 ·the crown, i. 2,307; the inlluence Life posmges, i. 290; to women, 292; of the crown exerted over the the Wensleydale peerage case, Lords, 23, 64, 66, 143, 312; de­ 296 bates on the inlluence of the Liverpool, Earl of, his minititry, i. crown, 52; rejection of the 128; conducted the procoedings India Bill by the Lords, 71 ; they against Queen Caroline,130; his condemn the Commons' opposi­ administration, ii. 182,187; dis­ tion to Mr. Pitt, 79; their pro­ union of the Tories on his death, ceedings on the reform bill., 142, 189; his ministry and the Cath­ 308, 424; the proposed creation olic que.tion, iii. 140 of peers, 143, 312, 426; position Loans to government, members of the house in the state, 273, bribed by shares in, i. 382; cos- 302; increase of ita numbers, 8ation of the .ystem, 386 274-282; such enlargement a Local government, the basis of con­ source of strength, 303; twelve stitutional freedom, iii. 276 ; peers created in one day by vestries, open and select, 276; Queen Anne, 274; the represen­ Vestry Acts, ib., 277; municipal tative peers of Scotland and Ire· corporations before and after reo land, W., 280; proposed restric­ form, 278-294; local boards, tions upon the power of the 296; courts of qnarter ses.ions, crown, and the regent, in the cre­ 297 ation of peers, 276, 278; pro­ Logsn, the Rev., his defenco of fuse creations by George III., Warren Hastings, ii. 259 277; composition of the house in London, city of, address George III. 1860, 282; its representative· condemning the proceedings character, 280; the rights of peers against Wilkes, ii. 20, of Scotland, 286; the appellate ju­ London, Corporation of, extortion risdiction of the Lord~, 290 ; bill practised by, on dissenters, iii. to improve it, 298; the life-peer­ 90; address of the Common age question, 291; Lords spiri­ Council on the Manchester mas­ tual, 299; their past and present sacre, ii. 366; schemes for ita re­ numb.,., ib.; attempte to exclnde form, iii. 286 them, 300; the political position London Corresponding Society, the, of the houso, 302; the inlluence ii. 282, 283~ reported on by a of parties, 306; collisions between secret committee, 302; trial of thp two houses, 306; the danger members of, for high troason, 307; now increased, 307; the creation inllames public discontent, 316; of sixteen peers by William IV., calls & meeting at Copenhagen 309; creation of new peers Hous", w.; address 011 an attack equivalent to a dissolution, 316 l Index. LOB lUX position of thp house since re­ Tories, iI. 166; prompts the re­ form, 316; their independence, pressive policy of the govem­ 317; the scanty attendance in ment, 286 the house, 320; smallness of the Luddites, the, outrages of, ii. 340 quorum, 321; indifference to Ludgershall, price of seat, i. 339 business, ih.; deference to lead­ Lunatics, & state provision for, iii. ers, ih.; influence of peers over 409 the Commons through nomina­ Lushington, Dr., a life· peerage tion boroughs, 333; and through offered to, i. 29~; disqualified territorial influence, 353, 362; from parliament, 317 refusal of the Lords to indemnify Luttrell, Colonel, his sister mar­ the witnesses against Walpole, ried to the Duke of Cumberland, 378; the proceedingS' against i. 262; opposed Wilkes for Mid­ Wilkes, ii. 0, 10; the book dlesex, ii. 14; enforced the exclu­ • Droit Ie Roi' burnt, 7; their sion of reporters, 61 address to condemn the city ad­ Lyndhurst, Lord, his motion on the dress on the Middlesex election life-peerage case, i. 296 ; brought proeeedillgs, 21; debates on those in the Dissenters' Chapels Bill, proceedings, 16, 22; strangers iii. 200 and members excluded from de­ Lyttelton, Lord, his address res­ bates, 30, 62; &cene on one 0c­ pecting the regency, i. 172; hiq casion, 31; report of debates complaint against the book permitted, 49, 64; presence of called'Droit I.. Roi: ii. 7 strangers at divisions, f>7; pub­ Lyttleton, Mr., his motion on the licity given to committee pro­ dismissal of the Grenville minis­ ceedings, 68; to parliamentary try, i. 11Ii papers, ih.; the privilegs to ser­ vants discontinued, 73; and of prisoners kneeling at the bar, 74; ACCLESFIELD, Lord, his de­ the control of the Lords over the Mcision touching the rights of .. xecut!ve government, 85; they the kiug over his grandchildren, advise the crown on questions of i.264 peace and war, and of a dissolu­ Ma.ekenzie, Mr. S., dismissed from tion, 86; their rejection of a office, i. 34 money bill, 106; relative rights Mackintosh, Sir ;r., his defence of of the two houses, 108; conduct Peltier, ii. 333; his efforts to re­ of the house in debate, 126; form the criminal code, iii. 397 the Catholic peers take their M"Laren and Baird, trial of, for seats, iii. 174. &tJ also Parlia­ sedition, ii. 351 ment; Peerage; Peers. Magist.rates, military interference Lords, House of (Ireland), compo­ in absence of, ii. 276; the sum­ sition of, iii. 300 mary juriediction of, iii. 40" Lords spiritual. &, Bishops Manchester, Duke of, strangers ex­ Lotterytiekets (go,"emment), mem­ cluded on his motion relative to bers bribed by, i. 38" war with Spain, ii. 31 Lows, Mr., his opposition to the Manchpster, public meeting at, ii. reform bill, 1866, 431; a m .. m­ 31>3; the massacre, 364; debates . bpr of Mr. Gladston~'s cabinPt, thereon in Parliament, 355-308 1868, 447 Manstleld, Lord, exhorted a..orge Loughborough, Lo"I, joins th.. ill. to exert his influence over Ind~. 479 IUJI JIlL parliament, i. 37; the precPdent organised her household, w.; of his admission to the cabinet kept in office by the 'bedcham­ cited, 104; his opinion on the b.r question,' 166; retired from right of the Commons to incapa­ office, 168; his ministries, ii. citate Wilkes, ii. 16, 22; IICCns.d 206, 206; receives a deputation by Wilkes of altering a record, of working men, 389; reception 8; hi. decisions touching the of delegates from trades' unions, righte of juries in lihel cases, ii. 400; framed the Tithe Commu· 263, 268; produced the j ndg­ tation Act., iii. 219; and the ment in Woodfall'. case to the first Irish Corporations, Bill, 292 House of Lords, 266; hi. ho&se Melville, Lord, his impeachment., bUl'Dt by the Protestent rioters, ii. 93; impeachment of, a blow to 276; his opinion on military in­ the Scotch Tories, ii. 180 terference in absence of a magis­ Members of the House of Com­ trate, 276; his decision in the mons, number of nominee mem­ negro esse, iii. 36; and recog­ bers prior to reform, i. 361 ; nising tolemtion, 91 ; his tolemnt mpmbers bribed by pensions, acquittal of a priest., 96; a cabi­ 369; bribery under Charles II., net minister, 392 376; under William III., 377; Manufacturing districte, state of George II., 378; and George III., the, ii. 3611, iii. lIll W., 381 ; bribed by loans and lot­ MBlchmont., Lord, hi. motion on teries, 382; by contracte, 387; the Middlesu election proceed­ wages to, provided for in Lord ings, ii. 19 Blandford's reform bill, 412; Margarot., 14., triaJ of, for sedition, the abolition of property qualifi­ ii.298 cations, 448; their exclusion Marriages, laws affecting the, of from the House of Lords, ii. 31 ; Dissenters and Catholics, iii. the system of pledges to con­ 161-163, 188-192; .!feet of stituents considered, 70; certain Lord Hardwieke's Act, 161 privileges of, discontinued, 73. Martin, Mr., hi. duel with Wilkp.s, s~ also Commons, House of ii.6 M ...dith, Sir W.,his speeehagainBt Mary (Queen of England), her sign capital punishments, iii. 390 manna.J a1Iixed by a stamp, i. Middle classes, th., strength givp.o 217 to Whigs by adhesion of, ii. 186, Marvell, A., reported proceedings 196,366; a combination of the in the CommoDB, ii. 36 'Working and middle classes ne­ Massaehusette, proposal of James cessary to successful agitation, II. to tal<, iii. 343; constitution 384,416 o~ suBJleoded, 363 Middlesex, electors of, cause of, l\Iayoooth Collegs, founded, iii. 270; supported by public meetings, ii. P ..l's endowm.nt o~ 271; popu­ 268 lar opposition to, W. . Middlesex Journal, the, complaint lIazzini, J., his letters opened by against, for misrepresenting de­ goverom.nt., iii. 46 bates, ii. 39 Meetings. &e Public Meetings Middlesex, sheriffs of, committed MelboUl'De, Viscount, in office, i. by the House in the St.ockd ..le 146; his'sudden dismissal, 146; actions, ii. 80 reinstated, 163; in office at the Military officers, deprived of com­ 8ooetlsion of her Majesty, J 64 ; mand for opposition to tho policy Inder. HIL JOtw of George m .. i. 28. 47; this of. at elections. in reform bill practice condemned under the (1854). i. 452; Lord CairlUl'8 Rockingham ministry. 34 clause. 1867. iii. 439 Military and Naval Officers Oaths Mohun. Lord. cudgelled Dyer for a . Bill. the. iii. 143 libel, ii. 244 Militia. the Catholics in. ii. 114 Moira, Earl, his mission to the Miller. proceeded against for pub­ Whig leaders. i. 125; the lishing debatE'S. ii. 41; inter­ • household question,' 126 position of the city authorities. Morsvians. &4 Quakers ib.; tried for publication of a Morton. Mr.• moved the insertion libel. 264 . of the Princess of Wales's name Mines. labour of children. &0.. into the Regency Bill. i. 174 regula.ted in. iii. 411 Muir. T .• trial of. at Edinburgh. Ministers of the crown. the respon­ for sedition. ii. 292; comments sibility of. i. 6. 108; regarded thereon in Parliament, 299 with jealousy by George III.• 9; Municipal Corporations. &4 Cor­ constitutional relations between porations the crown and ministers. 14. 108. Murray. Lady A., married to the 145. 1M. 169. 206; the influence Duke of Sussex, i. 270 of the crown exerted against its Murray. Mr.• his refusal to kneel ministers. 36. 66. 90. 106; ap­ at the b&l' of the Commons. ii. 74 ~ by ministers from the Mutiny bill. the passing of, post­ House of Commons to the people. poned. i. 82 by dissolutions of p&l'liament, Mutiny Act (Irelsnd) made per­ 86..... 141. 161l. 158. 308. 424. manent, iii. 813; repealed, 316 ii. 90; the pledge. exacted by George III. of his ministers. i. 107; ministers supported by the • NABOBS,' the, their bribery nt crown and the Commons in re­ elections. i. 335. 838; rank form. 142. 810. 424; the influ­ themselves among the • King's ence of great families over friends,' 835 ministries. 166; numerous ap­ Napoleon. First Consul of France. plications to. for peel'llglls. 283 ; demands the repression of the votes of want of confidence. 57. press. ii. 832; the dismissal of 77. 81. ii. 90; and of confidence, refugees. iii. 64; trial of Peltier 141. 4211, ii; 91; ministers im­ for libel on. ii. 833 peached by the Commons. 92; Naturslisation Act, passing of. iii. 53 the stability of recent ministries Navy. impressment for. iii. 21; considered. 96; ministers de­ flogging in. abated. 405 feated on financial measures. Negroes freed by landing in Eng­ 101; increasing influence of land. iii. 35; in Scotland. 37; public opinion over. IH. 186. the slave trade and slavery abo­ 264. 864; the principles of c0- lished. ii. 277. 404. iii. 39 alition between. 157. 217; re­ New Brunswick, the constitution sponsibility of ministers to their of. iii. 358 supporters. 192. 214; the pre­ Newcastle. Duke of. in office at miership rarely held by the head accession of George III., i. 12; of a gr~at family. 229; revision his resignation, 21; dismissed of salaries of. iii. 387 from his lord-lieutenancy, 23 Minorities. proposed representation Newenham, Mr., his motion re- Index. lOW OCT Ipecting the debUi of Prince of by mob, 47; his personalities in Wales, i. 261 debate, 126; in office, 142, 140; New Shoreham, Toters for the driven from office, 150; the borough of, disfranchised for Coalition, 163; his measure to bribery, i. 339 conciliate the Ameri.an colonies, Newfoundland, the coDBtitution of, iii. 855 • iii. 368 Northampton borough, cost of elec­ N ewpart, the Chartist attack on, toral contest for (1768), i. 339 ; ii.409 case of bribery from the corporate New Sonth Wales, a legislature funds of, 413 granted to, iii. 369; transporta­ • North Briton' (No. 45), the pub­ tion to, abolished, ib.; demo­ lication of, ii. 3; riot at the cratic constitntion of, 370 burning of, 8 . Newspapers, the firat, ii. 240, 243; Northumberland, Duke of, sup­ stamp and advertisement duties ported in bribery at elections by first imposed, 246; increased, George III., i. 341 3:17; removod, 380-383; im­ Norton, Sir F. (the speaker). sup­ provement in newspapers, 264, ported Dunning's resolutions, i. 337; commencement of • The 63; his speech to George III. Times' and other papers, 265, n. ; touching the civil list, 238, 239 ; measures of repression, 330, 358 altercations with, when in the New Zealand, coDBtitution granted chair, ii. 128 to, iii. 372 Nottingham Castle, burnt by mob, Nominationboroughs. SeeBoroughs ii. 387 Nonconformists. See Dissenters Nova Scotia, responsible govern- Norfolk, Duke of, his eldest son ment in, iii. 368 . abjured the Catholic faith, 1780, Nugent, Lord, his bill for Catholic' iii. 99, n.; his Catholic Officers relief, iii. 161; obtained r.laxa­ Relief Bill, 143; enabled by tion to Irish commerce, 310 Act to ,serve as Earl Marshal, 164 , N orlh Briton,' the, proceedings CCASIONAL CONFORMITY against, ii. 248, 250, iii. 2 O ACT, the, iii. 82 North, Lord, his relations, as pre­ O'Connell, Mr., advocated universal mier, with George IlL, i. H; suffrage, &c.,i. 416; reprimanded his complete submission to the for libelling the house, ii. 60; King, 44, 49, 68; his overtures his position 8S an orator, 121; to Chatham, 48; to the Whigs, leads the Irish party, ii. 201; 49; his .ministry overthrown, hp.ads the Catholic Association, 66; his conduct in office ap­ 369; agitates for repear of the proved by the Kiug, 67; joined Union, 393; trials of, 394, 397 ; the • coalition ministry,' 63; dis­ released on writ of error, 399; missed from office, 71; liberal returned for Clare, iii. 163; his in creation of peers, 277; in the re-election required, 174; his bribery of members, 381; with motions on Irish tithes and money sent by George III., ib. ; Church, 260-267 by shares' in a loan, 384; his O'Connol', F., presents the Chartist le<'Ond loan, 386; approved the petition, ii.4111, 413 . Middlesex election proceedings, Octennial Act, the (Ireland), iii. ii. 18 .. 24; his carriage broken 306 VOL. III. I I 11ldez. OFF PAR Official salaries, revision of, since 402; dissolved, 403; peculiar t,he Reform Act, iii. 386 working of Orange societies, ih. Officers under the crown, disqnali­ Orators and oratory. 8u Parlia­ fied from sitting in parliament, mentary Oratory i. 348, 372; number of, in par­ Orsini conspiracy, the, plotted in liament, 135, 374 England, iii. 57 Oldfield, Dr., hi. statistics of par­ Oxford University, state of feeling liamentary patronage, i. 3Rl at, on Catholic relief, iii. 131; Oliver, Mr. Alderman, proceeded admission of dissenters to de against by the Commons for graes at, 198 committing their messenger, ii. Oxford borough, the sest for, sold 44,46 by the corporation, i. 338 OliveI', the government spy, iii. 41 Onslow, Mr. G., ordered the house to . be cleared, to exclude the AlN~. T., ..tried for seditious peers, ii. 32; to hinder the re­ P writings, n. 280 porting tht' debates, 33; com­ Pains and penalties, bill of, against plained of the publication of de­ Queen Caroline, i. 131 bates; 39; the soubriquet given Palmer, the Rev. T. F., trial of, him by the reporters, 38 for sedition, ii. 296; comments Opinion, liberty of, the last lib~rty thereon in Parliament, 299 to be acquired, ii. 238; the Palmerston, Viscount, his removal press, from James I. till the ac­ from office,1851, i. 160; the re­ cession of George m., 240; the form bill of his ministry, 466; 'North Briton' prosecutions, 247; his resolutions on the Lords' re­ the law of libel, 252; political jection of the Paper Duties Bill, agitation by public meetings, ii. 110; adhered to Mr. Canning, 265; by associations, 269; de­ ii. 189; in the Duke of Welling­ mocratic associations, 279; re­ ton's ministry, 192; in office, pressive measures, 1792-99, 285; 216; secession of the Peelites, Napoleon and the English prt'Ss, 219; his overthrow in 1857 and 332; the P"'ss, before the Re­ 1858, 220, 221, iii. 58; his gency, 336; repressive measures second ministry, ii. 222; politi­ und~ the Regency, 340; the csl tranquillity under his rule, contest between authority and iii. 426; hig death, 429; change public opinion reviewed, 363; of policy which ensued, 430 the ORtholic Association, 368; Papal aggression, 1850, the, iii. the press under George IV., 227.--Ceurt, diplomatic rela­ 376; its freedom established, tions with, Bill, 230, ... 379; the Reform agitation, 383; Paper duty, thA, abolished, ii. 382 for repeal of the Union, 393; Paper Duties Repeal Bill (1860), Orange lodges, 400 ; trades' rejected by the Lords, i. 318, ii. unions, 404; the Chartists, 407 ; 108 the Anti-Cern Law League, 413; Parish, the, localaft'airs of, admin­ politicRI agitation renewed, 417. istered by vestries, iii. 276 See also Press; Political Associa­ Parke, Sir J. &8 WensleydaIe, tions; Public Meetings Baron Orange societies, suppressed by Parliament, government by, es­ Act, ii. 371; revived, 373; or­ tablished at the Revolution, i. 1 ; gauisation of, 400; in the army, constitutional position of, at the Index. JtAB _ion of George Ill., 2, 16; of the press by Parliameut, 244 ; violation of parliamentary pri­ attempted intimidatiou of, by vileges by the ClOwn, 23, 28, 36, the silk-weavers, 266; by the 4/), 64, 143; the reform of par­ Protestant Associations, 272; liament, 138, 308, 393 ; the dis­ relations of the Chnrcb and Par­ solution of, of 1784, 86; of liament, iii. 226; supremacy of, 1807, 116; of 1830, 417; of over the Irish Parliament, 305; 1831, 141, 424; of 1834, 160; Parliament since the Reform of 1841, 168; influence of fami­ Act, 386; """t amount of public lies over parliament, 166; the businese,422. Sualso Commons, meeting of parliament during House of; Lords, House of George IlL's illn88ses,17 6, 207; Parliament (Ireland), state of, b .... eommissions for op<'ning parlia­ fOll! the Union, iii. 299; pxclu­ ment during his illnese, 186,213; sion of Catholics, w., 303; oX­ eeoond opening after King's re­ pired only on demise of the covery (1789), 189; adjourn­ Crown, 301; Poyning.' Act, ments caused by King's inability 303; wprelBll"y of the English to sign the commission for pro­ Parliament, 305; agitation for rogation, 176, 207; parliament independenee, 312, 315; sub­ and the revennes of the crown, mits to the permanent Mutiny and the civil list, 229-2611; the Bill, 313; independence granted, duration of parliament, 440; 316; corrupt influence of the motions for triennial parli.... government, 317; motions for ments, 441; time betWi!8n snm­ Parliamentary Reform, 319; the mons and meeting of, ehortened, Union -carried, 329 449; relatione of parliament to Parnell. Sir H., his views of fiIia n­ the crown, the law, and the clal policy, iii. 419 peoplE', ii. 1-112; theunreportP

J J 2 Iudex. PAR PBB poSitioD of the Whigs, .164, 167, ston's first administration, 219; 171; the Tories in Scotland, his overthrows, in 1857 and 171; schism amoDg the Tories, 1858, 220; Lord Derby's second 174; parties OD Pitt's retire­ ministry, 221; passed-the Jew-' mentfromoffice, 175; the Whigs ish Relief Act, iii. 186; Lord in office, 1806, 177-179, iii. Palmerston's second adminis­ 124; coal~sce with Lord Sid­ tration, ii. 222; fusion of par­ mouth's party, ii. 177; the Tories ties, 223; essentisl difference reinstated, 179; position of the between Conservatives and Li­ Whigs, 180; the strength they berals, w.; party sections, 224 ; derived from the adhesion of the changes in the character, &c .• middle classes, 181, 365; the of parties, 225 ; politics formerly Tories under Lord Liverpool, a profession, 227; effects of 182--189; under Canning, 189; Parliamentary Reform on par­ influence of nationsl distress, ties, 230; the conservatism of and of proceedings against Queen age, 232; statesmen under old Clll"Oline, upon parti~s, 185, 186 ; and new systems, w.; patron­ , increase of liberal feeling, 107; age, an instrument of party, effect of the Catholic question 234; review of the merits and upon parties, 190, 192, iii. 129, evils of party, 236; the press an 140, 168; party divisions after instrument of party, 244, 264, Mr. Canning's death, ii. 191; 266; opposition of the Whigs the Duke of Wellington's mi­ to a repressive policy, 288, 3S7; 'nistry, w.; secession of liberal to the Six Acts, 3S8; the Habeas members from his cabinet, 192; Corpus Suspension Bills, 311, the Whigs restored to office, iii. 12-19; the Treasonable 195; supported by the demo­ Practices, &e. Bills, ii. 317- cratic party, 196; Whig ascen­ 323; the Irish Church appro­ dency after the Reform Acts, priation question adopted by the 198: state of parties, w.; the Whigs, iii. 266; abandoned by Radicals, w.; the Irish party, them, 268 201; the Tories become 'Con­ Patronage, an instrument of party, servatives,' 208; increase in ii. 234; the ~ffect of competi­ power, w.; breaking up of Earl tion, 235; abuses of colonial Grey's ministry, 204; dismissal patronage, iii. 362; surrendered of Lord Melbourne's ministry, to the colonie9, 363 205; Liberals reunited a.,aainst Patronage Act (Scotland), iii. 263. Sir R. Peel, w.; his liborsl po­ See slso Church of Scotland licy slarms the Tories, w.; pa.r.. Pease, Mr., his case cited regard­ ties under Lord Melbourne, 206; ing Jewish disabilities, i. 85 a conservative reaction, 208; Peel, Mr. Ses Peel, Sir R. effect of Peel's free-trade policy Peel, Sir R., the first, his Factory UpOD the Conservatives, 211, Children Act, iii. 411 212; the obligations of a party Peel, Sir R., obtained the eon­ leader, 214; the Whigs incffice, sent of Georgs IV. to Catho­ 211;; Lord Derby's first ministry, lic emancipation, i. 137; his w.; coalition of Whigs andPeel­ first administration, 148; his ites under Lord Aberdeen, 217 ; absence' abroad, w.; hie mini­ fall of his ministry, 218; the sterial e1fol:ts, 150; advised l'eelites retire from Lord Palmer- a dissolution, w.; resignation, Index_ J'IIB PEl' lli3; declines to take office on Peerage Bill (1720), rejected by the' bedchamber question,' 166; the Commons,i. 276 hi. second administration, 168; Peers, scanty attendance of, at thA bis anti-reform declaration, 416; house, affecting their political the character of his oratory, ii. weight, i. 320; their infiuell(l8 12(); biB commercial policy, ii. over borough and county elec­ 187, iii. 418; seceded from Can­ tions, 333, 353; their exclusion ning on the Catholic question, from debates in the House of 189; oppose. that measure, iii. Commons, ii. 32; the Catholic, 141, 149; brings in the Relief .restored to the privilpge of ad­ Act, ii. 192, iii. 168; hi. first vising the Crown, iii. J 07, 148 ; ministry, ii. 206; his policy and exempted from tbeoath of su­ fall, ih., iii. 267; his relation to prelMCY, 146 ; the Catholic Peers the Consprvatives, ii. 209, 212; Bill, 147; take seats in the House his second ministry, 209; his ofLords, 1H; creation of, to carry free-trade policy, 210; repeal of the Union with Ireland, 331. &e corn laws, 212, 413, 416; his al80 Lords, House of obligations as a party lpader, Pelliam, Mr., bribery to members, 214; obtain. the bishops' con­ Ii system under, i. 378 sent to the repeal of the Corpo­ Peltier, J., trial of, for libel, ii. ration and Test Acts, iii. J 69 ; 333 proposes to retire from the Wel­ Pembroke, Earl of, proscribed for lington ministry, J 66; loses his opposition to court policy, i. 64 seat at Oxford, 168; the Irish Penryn, the disfrancbisement bill, Franchise Act, J 72; his Dissen­ i. 4 J 4; the proposal to transfer ters' Marriage Bills, 190; plan the frllnchise to Manchester, th. for commutation of Irish Tithes, Pensions from the crown, charged 266; resists the appropriation on civil list, i. 256; on crown question, ih.; proposes endow­ revenues, ih. ; restrained by par­ ment to Maynooth and the liament, w., 268; Consolidation Queen's Colleges, 270; his of pension list, 261; the re~­ scheme for Irish corporate re­ tion of (1837), ih.; bribery by form, 294; the first minister to pensions, 369; holders of, di.­ l'I'rise the criminal code, 398 qualified from sitting in parlia· Peerage, the number of, i. 73; of ment, ib. the United Kingdom, 281 and Perceval, Mr., formed an adminis­ ft.; antiquity of, 282; claims to, tration, i. 108; deni.d giving 283; changes in its composition, secret adviee to George III., 284; the Scottish peerage, 286 ; 110; the dissolution during his fusion of peerages of the three ministry, 116; his relations kingdoms, 290; life poerages, with the King, 117 ; his position 291 ; to women, 292; peerages at commencement of regency, with remainders over, 293; au­ 120; obnoxious to the Reg~nt thorities favouring life peer­ 88 adviser of Princess Caroline, ages, ih. ; the - Wensleydale 121; ministerial negotiations at peerage case, 295; the peerage his death, 125; in office, ii. 179, In its social relations, 322. 182, iii. 129 &. aUo Lords, House of; Ire­ Peto, Sir M., his Dissenters Budal land, Peerage of; Scotland, Bills, iii. 193 Peerago of Petitions to parliament, the right Index_

PHI' PI17 of petitioning endangered by embarraasment caused by th. George ID.'s answer to the city King's illness on his leaving address touching Wilkes, ii. 20 ; office, 196; brought forward the the commencement of the prac­ budget after his resignation, ih. ; tice, 60; of political petitions, his doubts sa to the King's 61; forbiddeIl'uuder Charles II., sanity, on his return to office, . ih. ; petitions rejected and peti­ 204; profuse in the creation of tioners imprisoned by the Com­ peers, 277, 279; his unfair con­ mons, 62; commencement of duct as to the Westminster the modern systein, 63; obj ected scrutiny, 351; abolished some of to by George III., 65; progress the Irish nomination boroughs, of the system, ih.; the numbers 360; discontinued bribes to presented of late years, 66, n. ; members, 382; by loans and abuses of petitioning, 68; de­ lotteries, 386; advocated reform, bates on presentation of, re­ 396, 397; his reform bill, 399 ; strained, 69; fOJ grant of public afterwards opposed reform, 402 ; money to be recommended by his position as an orator, ii. 113; the crown, 103 Tory principles never completely Phillimore, Dr., his Catholic Mar­ adopted by, ii. 146, 153 n., 158; riages Bill, iii. 153 entered Parliament sa a Whig, Pillory, punishment of, abolished, 152, 156; the leader of the iii. 400 Tories, 158; his first ministry a Pitt, Mr. 8N Chatham, Earl of coalition, 1a7; hi. policy con­ Pitt, Mr. William, Chancellor of trasted with Mr. Fox's, 153 fl., the Exchequer under Lord Shel­ 159; his feelings towards the burne, i. 62; his first refusals French Revolution, 163, 286; to sssume the government, 63, attempted coalitions with Fox, 65; is- premier, 71; his contest 165, 176; joined by portion of with the Commons, 72-83; his the Whigs, 166; the consolida­ final triumph, 83; reflections on tion of his power, 168, 286; this contest, 83-89; his relations dangerous to liberty, 173; his with George III., 87; in oppo­ liberal views on Catholic ques­ sition to ,.he King on reform, 90 ; tion, 174, iii. 115-123, 333; his quitted office on the Catholic retirement from office, ii. 175; question, 97; his mismanage­ his return, 176; the Tory party ment of that question, ib.; his aftep his death, 179; member of pledge to the King not to revive the Constitutional Information it, 98; again in office, 99; with Society, 270, 282; commences " Addington, 101; evaded the Ca­ repressive policy, 226; brings tholic question, 102; his opinion in the SEditious Meetings Bill. on the rights of Prince of Wales 819; opposes relief to dissenters, sa Regent, 177-181; his letter iii. 102-105, 109; his proposal to him respecting the regency, for commutation of Irish tithes, 180; moved resolutions for a 2116; his Irish commercial pro­ bill, ih., 180; proposition as to positions, 320 ; carried the Union use of the great seal, 181, 186; with Ireland, 830; his India introduced the bill, 189; his Bill, 381 conduct in these proceedings Pitt, Mr. Thomas, moved to delay considered, 193; confirmed the the gl"8nt of supplies, ii. 102 King's confidence ill him, 194; Pius IX., his brief appointing Index.

~ PUB bishops in England, iii. 228 ; aud Pratt, Lord Chief Justice. See &gIiinat the Queen's Colleges, 274 Camden, Lord Plaeemen. Sa Oflieao& 1lJlder the Presbyterians, in England, iii. 67 ; Crown in Scotland, 68, 74; in Ireland, Pledg.... by members to C!Onatitu­ 70, 268. See Church of Scotland enta, considered, ii. 70 Press, the, under censorship, ii. Plunket, Lord, the character of 239; from the Stuarts to ac­ his oratory, ii. 120; his advo­ cession of George III., 240-246 ; racy of Catholic retial, iii. 146, the attacks on Lord Bute, 247; laO general warrants, 249; the pro­ Poliee, modern systam of, iii. 403 secutions of, 1763-1770, 2aO; Politiral associations, commence­ publishers liable for acts of ser­ ment of, ii. 265, 268, 270; for vants, 2i'iJJ; the righta of juries Parliamentary Reform, 269,383 ; in libel cases, 253-263 ; the pro­ Protestant associations, 272-277, gress of free discussion, 264, iii. 96; anti-slave trade, ii. 277, 337,364, 1176,383.; cariratures, 404; d~mocratic, 279, 281, 81a, 265; laws for repression of the 824, 828; proeeeded against, press, 318, 327, ~30, 348, 3a8 ; 292, 804; Bnppressed, 829, 343, the press and foreign powers, 8a9; associations for BDppre.... 332; the press not purified by iog sedition, 290, 867; for Ca­ rigour, 366; complete freedom tholic relief, 368; finally sup­ of the press, 379; fiscal laws p~.. ed, 876; for repeal of the affecting, 380; public jpalousips Union with Ireland,393; Orange of, 382. 8 .. ak.'O Opinion, liberty lodges. 400 ; trades' unions, 404 ; of the Chartiste, 407; the Anti­ PrinceR~gent. &.Wales,Princeof Corn Law League, 413 Printers, contest of the Commons PUDBOnby, Mr., chosen leader of with, ii. 33, 39. Set) al80 De­ the Whigs, ii. 182 bates in Parliament Poolp, borough, electoral corrup- Prisons, debtors', iii. 32; improved tion at, i. 838 , ~tate of, 401 Poor laws, the old aud new sys­ Privileges aud elections C!Ommitte~, tPJDS, iii. 40i'i; in Scotland and trial of election petitions before, Ireland, 408 i.363 . Population, great increase of, in Privileges of parliament. See Par­ the manufacturing districta, ii. liament; Crown, the 3i'i2; ita effect on the position Protection, &0., agaiDst Republi­ of the Church, iii. 211 cans' Society, the, ii. 29 ) Port.\and, Earl of (1696), the Protflstant associations, the, ii. pnormous grant to, by William 212, iii. 97; the petition, aud III., recalled, i. 229 riots, ii. 273, iii. 97. See also P .. rt.Iand, Duke o~ headPd the Orange Soci~ties . . coalition: i. 61l ; assisted George Protestant Dissenters Ministers IlL in opposing the Army Ser­ Bill, iii. 134 vice Bill, 106.; in ollice, 108 Protestant Catholic Dissenters, bill Post Ollie.... See Letters, Opening for relief of, iii. 106 at Public meetings, commencement of Pot_lIers, the electoral rights of, politiral agitation by, ii. 265. i.331 268; riotous meetings of the Puyningl Act, the, iii. 303 silk-weavers, 226; meetings to Index. l'UB BlIP support the Middlesex electors, 79, 80 ; compelled the sheriffs to 268; for Parliamentary reform, pay over the damages, 80 1799, w. ; in 1791i, 3i6; in 1831, Queensberry, Duke of, his rights as 386; of the Protestant Associa­ a peer of Great Britain and of tion, 273, iii. 97; to opposetheSe­ Scotland, i. 286, 288 dition and Treason Acts, ii. 324 ; Queen's Colleges, Ireland, founded, in the manufacturing districts, iii. 273; opposition from Catho­ 1819, 361; for Catholic relief, lic clergy, 274 373; for repeal (Ireland), 393; Quoad sacra ministers, the, ill the of the trades' nnions, 406; the Church of Scotland, iii. 249 Chartists, 407, 410-; the Anti­ Com Law ~ague, 413; laws to restrain public meetings, 319, RADICAL PARTY. &eParty 343,369 Public money, difficulties in the Rawdon, Lord, moved an ad­ issue of, caused by George ID.'s dress to the Prince nf Wales to incapacity, i. 214; motions for, assume the regency, i. 182 to be recommended by the crown, Reeves, Mr., his pamphlet con- ii. lOS demned, ii. 325 Public Opinion. 8u Opinion, Reform in parliament, arguments Liberty of; Press, the; Politi­ for, i. 393; advocated by Chat­ eal Associations; Public Meet­ ham, w.; Wilkes, 394 ; the Duke ings of Richmond, w.; the Gordon Public Works Commission, the,. riots unfavourable to, 396 ; Pitt's separated from Woods and Fo­ motions, 396 ; discouraging effect rests, i.255 of the French Revolution, 402 ; Publishers, criminally liable for Earl Grey's first reform motions, acts of servants, ii. 252 403 ; Sir F. Burdett's, 406, 407 ; Puritans, the, under Qupen E1!za­ Lord John Russell's, 408413; beth, iii. 65; under James r. Mr. Lambton's, 410; Lord Bland­ and Charles II., 71, 75; num­ ford's, 412; disfranchisement bers imprisoned, 76. See 0180 bills for bribery, w.; O'Connell's Dissenters motion for universal suffrage, 416; the dissolution of 1830, 417; impulse given by French UAKERS, number of, impri­ Revolution, ih.; storm raised by Q soned, temp. Chas. n., iii. 76 ; Duke of Wellington's declara.­ motions for relief of, 112; ex- tion, 418; Lord Brougham's mo­ cepted from Lord Hardwicke's tion, 420; Lord Grey's reform Marriage Act, 151 ; admitted to ministry, w.; the first reform the Commons on making an affir­ bill, 421; ministers defeated by mation,177. SeealsoDissenters the Commons, 141, 423; sop­ Qualification of members, the Acts ported by the crown, w., 424; repealed, i. 448 the dissolution of 1831, w.; the Quarter Sessions, courts of, couuty second reform bill, 142,424 ; the rates administered by, iii. 297; bill thrown out by the Lords, efforts to introduce the repre­ 142, 308, 424; proposed creation sentative system into, w. of peers, 143, 312, 425; resig­ Queen's Bench, Court nf, the deci­ nation of the reform ministry, sion in favour of Stockdale, ii. 143, 312, 426; they are sup- Imler. BEl' JUU. ported by the Commons and reo Reformatories instituted, iii. 403 ealJed to office, 143, 312, 426; Refugees. See Aliens the third bill passed, 142, 312, Regent, the Prince. &d Wales, 427; the act considered, 427; .Prince of Scotch and Irish reform acts, Regency Act, the, of 1761. i. 168; 429, 430; the Irish franchise ex­ of 1765,171-174; the Princess tended, 430 ; the political reeults of Wales excluded by Lords. and of reform, 163, 431, ii. 96; included by Commons in the Act, bribery and bribery aete since 173; the resolutions for a Re­ reform, i. 431, 439; triennial par­ gency Bill ~1?88-9), 180; pro­ liaments. 441; vots by ballot, posed restrictions over the Re­ 445; reform. later measures for. gent's power to creata peers. 460; obstRcles to parliamentary 278 ; the resolutions acceptod by reform. 468; carried by the Prince of Wales, 185: the bill Whigs as lpaders of the people, brought in, 189; its progress in­ ii. 196; infiuen.18 of. on parties, terrnpted by George III.'s re­ 230; on official emoluments. iiL coverv, iJJ.; comments on these 386: on law reform. and amend­ proc.elief, ii. 174, iij. 115; Catholic 344; his .worts to reform the . claims, 1801-1810, 118-132; penal code, iii. 396 the .Army and Navy Service Ross, General, his complaint to the Bill, 126; the Regency not f.... house. of court intimidation, i. vourable to Catholic claims, 133; 76 freedom of worship to Catholic Rothschild, Baron L. N. de, the soldiers, 134; the Catholic Qnes­ admission of, to Parliament, tion, 1811-1823, 136-160 ; ii.84; returned for London, treated. as an open qnestion, 140, iii. 182; claims to be sworn, 149; Acts for relief of Naval 183 and Militsry Officers, 143; the Rous, Sir J., his hostile motion Catholic Peers Bill, 147; the against Lord North's ministry, Catholic Question in 1823, 149; i.67 . eWorts for relief of English C.... Royal family, thb provision for, i. tholics, 161; the laws sWeeting 249-263; power of the crown Catholic marriages, 162, 163; over, 262 ; exempted from . Office of :EMI Marshal Bill, 154; Lord Hardwicke's Marriage Act, Sir F. Burdett's motion, 1M; 263 State provision for Catholic Royal household, the, a question clergy carried in the Commons, between the Whig leaders and la6,; the Duke of Wellington's the Regent, i. 126; the 'hed- 492 Index. ROY 8CO chaniber question,' 155;' profu­ Wilkes for the • Essay ou Wo­ sion in George Ill.'s, 236; pro­ man,'ii.6; 'JemmyTwitcher,'7n. posed reduction in William IV.'s Savile, Sir G., condemned the re­ household, 246 solution against Wilkes, ii. 17; Royal Marriage Act (1772), i. 45, his bills to secure the rights of 264; arbitrary principles of this electors, 24; among the first to act, 267 ' advocate Catholic relief, iii. 96 ; Royal Sign-Manual Bill, the, to his bill to restrain Catholics authorise George IV. to sign , from teaching Protestants, 99 documents by a stamp, i. 216 Sawbridge, Mr.. his motions for Russell, Lord John (uow.Earl Rus­ reform, i. 399; for shortening sell), his first motions for re­ duration of parliament, 441 form, i. 408-416; his disfran­ Say and Sele, Lord, his apology to chisement bills, 414; advocated Mr. Grenville for refusing a the enfranchisement of Leeds, bribe, i. 380 Birmingham, and Manchester, Schism Act, the, iii. 62 415 ; moved the first reform bill, Scot and lot, a franchise, i. 331 422 i his later reform measures, Scotland, the hereditary crown 450, 452, 456 ; attempta to form reVenues of, i. 245 ; the pensions a free· trade ministry, ii. 212; charged thereou, 257, 260; the in office, 216; retires from Lord consolidation of Scotch and Eng­ Palmprston's ministry, 219; glishcivillists, 261;--the peer­ carries the rep pal of Corporation age of, 274; the representative and Test Acta, iii. 157; his peeN of, th.; Scottish peers created efforts to obtain the admission of peers of Great Britain, 286 ; their Jews to Parliament, 186; his rights, th.; the probable absorp­ Dissenters' Marriage Bills, 190, tion of the Scottish peerage into 192; his Registration Act, 192 ; that ofthe United Kingdom, 289; his letter on the papal aggres­ --Scottish judges disqualified, sion, 230; overthrows the Peel 375;--the defectiverepresenta­ ministry upon the Appropriation tion of Scotland prior to reform, Qnestion, 267; carries Municipal 355 ; the Reform Act of, 429 ; the Reform, 283; and amendments Tory party in, ii. 171, 180; lite­ of the criminal code, 398; snc­ rary influence of the Scotch ceeds Lord Palmerston as pre­ Whigs, 181; alarm of democracy mier, 1865, 429; revives the in, 292; trials for sedition and question of reform, 430; hie high treason, 293, 304, 351 ; the Reform Bill, 1866, 431 ; ita dis­ slavery of colliers and salters astrous issue, 432; his resigna­ abolished, iii. 39; the reforma­ tion. 433 mation in, 68; intimidation of parliament by the mob, ii. 271. T. ALBANS disfranchised, i. iii. 97; motion for repeal of thA S 433 Test Act (Scotland), 107; rehef St. ABI\ph, Dean of, the case of. ii.258 to Scotch Episcopaliaus, 108; to Salomone. Mr., the admi.sion of, to Scotch Catholics, 111; religious parliament, ii. 84; returned for d,sunion in, 254; statistics of Greenwich, iii. 184; claims to be places of worship in, th., fl.; sworn, ill. municipal reform in, 287; new Salters (Scotland). 8ee Colliers poor lsws introduced into, 408 ;. Sandwich, Earl of, denounced Reform Act, 1868, iii. 440 bulex. 493 IICO IIU Scott, S11' John, tbe ministerial crown, i. 28; his motion on the adviser during the regency pro- public expenditure, 53; on the ceedings, i. 192 . intimidation of peers, 54; his Secret service money, issue of, re­ administration, 62; supported etmined, i. 242 ; a statement of by the royal inlluenee, th.; in the amount of, 379 office, ii. 151, 229; his concea­ . Secrfl&n' of State, the powers sions to Ameri.... J 54 given' to, in repression of libel, Sheridan, Mr., the ehar&Cter of his ii. 249, 347, ill. 2, 8; of opening oratory, ii. 115; one of the Whig letters, 44 ;--for the Coloni"", ....oeiatea of the Prince of date of formation of office, 360 Walea, 161; adbered to Fox, Sedition and seditious libels, triala 167; his motion on the state of for, Wilkea and his publishers, tbe nation, 1793, 288; brought ii. 248; thepublisbersofJnniua's Pu.lmer's case before the Com­ • Letters, 262; the Dean of SI. mons, 299; urged repeal of the Asaph, 268; of Stockdale, 269 ; Habeas Corpus Suspension Act, 'Paine, 280; Frost, Winterbot­ 311, 312; his opposition to tbe ham, Briellat, and Hudson, Seditious Meetings Bill, 322 289; Muir and Pu.lmer, 292, Shrewsblll'Y,Duke of, his precedent 296; Skirving, Margarot, and cited as to the temporary con­ Gerrald, 297 ; Eaton, 801; centration of offices in the Duke Yorke, 313; Mr. Reevea, 325; of Wellington, i. 148 Gilbart Wakelleld and the Sidmouth, Viscount, withdrew • Courier,' 831 ; of Cobbett, 334, from Pitt's administration, i. 379; J, and 1.. Hunt and Drak­ 101; took office under Lord &rd, 335; Hunt and Wolseley, Grenville, 103; joined George 363; O'Connell and others, 394, III. in opposing the Army Ser­ 397; me&81ll'8ll for repression vice Bill, 105; resigned offiCE', of sedition in 1792, 285; 1794, 106;suppor!ed the King,th., 114; 302; 1795, 317; 1799, 329; as premier, ii. 175; in office 1817,842; 1819,358; societiea with the Whigs, 177; his re­ for the repression of, 290, 367. pressi ve policy, 340, ill. 19: 8ef alao Treason, High, Trials his circular to the lord-lieuten­ for ants, ii. 345; his employment Seditious Meetings Bills, the, ii. of spies, ill. 41; his Dissenting 319, 361 ; Libels Bill, 361 Ministers Bill, 134. ~ also Selkirk, Earl of, BUpporta the Addington, Mr•. King on the Catholic. queation, Silk-weavers, riots by, ii. 266 ; bill i. 114 passed for protection of their Septennial Act, eft"orta to repeal, i. . trade, 267 441; arguments against, 443; Sinecures, official and legal, abo­ in faTour, 444 lished, iii. 386, 389 Se88ion, Court of (Scotland), pro­ Six Acts, the, passed, ii. 358 ceedings of, in the patronage Skirving, W., trial of, for sedition, caaea, iii. 242-247 ii.297 Shaftesblll'Y, brib.ery at, i. 340 Slavery, in England, ii. 3S; in Sheil, Mr., tbe eharacter of his Scotland, 37; in the Colonies, 39 omwry, ii. 122 Slave Trade, the abolition of, ad. Sbelburne, Earl of, dismissed from vocatfd by petitions to parlia­ command for opposition to the ment, ii. 64 494 Index. TEll Slave-trade Association, the,. ii. I Subject, liberty of, the earli~st of 277. iii. 39 political privileges, iii. 1; gene­ Smith, Mr. W., his anecdote as to ral warrants, 2; suspension of bribery of members. by Lord the Habeas Corpus' Act, 10, 19, North, i. 382, ... ; his Unitarian ... ; impressment, 20; the re­ Marriages Bills, iii. llil, 1540 straints caused by the revenue Smith O'Brien, abortive insurrec­ laws, 25; imprisonment for dabl. tion by, ii. 4000 ib., 31; for contempt of court, Sommersett's (the negro) case, iii. 26; arrest on mesne process, 36 . 29; debtors' prisons, 32; insol­ Spa Fields, meeting at, ii. 3405 vent debtors, 34; negroes in' Speaker of the House of Commons, Great· Britain, 35; colliers and the, election of, during George salters in Scotland, 38; spies III.'s incapaciLy, i. 183 ;' altere&.­ and informers, 39; opening tions of members with, ii. 127; letters, H; protection of aliens, the increased authority of the 49; extradition treaties, 69 • chair, 128 Sudbury, the seat for, advertised Spencer, Earl. election expenses of, for sale, i.337; disf1.-anchised, i.337 433 . Spies, employment of, by gOVP.rD­ Sunderland, Lady, case of, cited ment, iii. 39; under Lord Sid­ on the • Bedchamber Question,' mouth, n; their employment i.157 considered, 402; the Cato Street Supplies to the crown delayed, i. conspiracy discovered by, 43 180, 423; ii. 103, ... ; granted, Spring Rice, Mr., his scheme for 99; refused, 101 settling church rates, iii. 20-i; his Supremacy, oath of, imposed by speech on the state of Ireland, Queen Elizabeth, iii. 63; on th .. 3340, ... House of Commons, ~.; Catho­ Stafford, Marquess of, his motion lic peers exempted from, 107, on the pledge exacted from the H7; .. ltered by the Catholic Grenville ministry, i. 112, 113 Relief Act, 167, 168 Stamp Act, the American, the in­ Surr~y, Earl of, his motion on the fluence of the crown exerted dismissal of the • coalition' minis­ against its repeal, i. 36; iii. try, i. 76 346, 347 Snssex, Duke of, voted against. a Stamp duty. 886 N~wspapers Regency Bill, i. 211; his mar­ State trials. 886 Treason, High, riages, 270 Trials for Steele, Sir R., opposed the Peerage Bill, i. 276 AXATION Rnd expenditure, the Stockdale, Mr., his actions against T control of the Commons onr, Messrs. Hansard for libel, ii. i. 230, ii, 98, 104; temporary 78 ; committed for contempt, 80; and permanent taxation, ii. 106 the case of, ii, 259 Temple, Earl, proscribed by the Strangers, the exclusion of, from King for intimacy with Wilkes, debates in parliament, ii. 27, 29 ; i. 28; his agent in the exertion tha attendance of ladies, 29; of the crown influence against their exclusion, 52, n,; their I the India Bill, 68; employed to presence permitted, 55 dismiss the • co ..lition,' .71; ac­ Btrathbogie casps, the, ii,. 245 cepted and resigned office, 72 Index. 495 fttr VNt Tennyeoll, Mr., his motions to their ascendency in the House shorten the duration of plU'lia­ of Lords, 305. See also Party ment, i. 442 Townshend, Mr., his manClluvre to Thatched House Society, the, iii. secure a share in a loan, i. 384 ; 33 his proposed land tax reduced Thel wall, J ~ tried for high treason, by the Commons, ii. 101; his ii.306 &cheme for colonial taxation, iii. Thistlewood, A., tried for' high 360 tl't'ason, ii. 346; for the Cato Trades' unions, ii. 404; procession Street plot, 362 of, through London, 405 ; recep­ "l'hompson, proceeded against, for tion of their petition by Lord publishing debates, ii. 39 ; Melboume, 406 brought before Alderman Oliver, Traitorous Corresponolence Act, • ,2 paesing of, iii. 62 Thurles, Synod of, opposition Transportation, commencement of . of, -to the Queen's Colleges, iii. the punishment, iii. 358; esta­ 274 blishment of the Australian Thurlow, Lord, the cha.ra.eter of, penal settlements, ih.; discon­ ii. 160, iii. 392; his Jlegotiations tinued, 359, 400 , for George III. with the Whigs, Transubstantiation, Lord Grey's i. 60; his advice to the King on motion for relief from declara­ his proposed l't'treat to Hanover, tion against, iii. 1 H 64; co-operated in his opposi­ Treasonable Practices Bill, the tion to the India Bill, 68; is passing of the, ii. 317 made Lord Chancellor, 72; sup­ Treason, High. trials for, of ported the resolutions for s Re­ Walker, ii. 301; of Watt and gency, 182; affixed the great Downie, 304; of Hardy and seal to commissions under the others. 307 ; of Watson, Thistle­ authority of parliament, 188; , wood, and others, 345 announced the King's recovery, Treasury warrants, the form of, 189; resisted the Cricklade Dis­ for issue of public money during franchisement Act, 340 George III.'s incapacity, i. 214 Tiemey, Mr., joins the Whigs, ii. Tutchin, beaten to death for a, 167; their leader, 174, 186 libel, ii. 244 Tindal, Chief Justice, his opinion respecting the law of church rates, iii. 206 NDERWOOD, Lady C., ma;r.. Tithes, the commutation of, iii. U ried the Duke of Sussex" i. 218; in Ireland, 256,269; asso­ 270 ciated with the question of ap­ Uniformity, Act of, of Queen propriation, 264 Elizabeth, iii. 63; 01 ChlU'l~s Toleration Act, the, iii. 78; dis­ II., 75 senters relieved from ita require­ Union, the, of England and Ire­ menta, 94, 131). land, agitation for repeal of, Tooke, Home, trial of, for high ii. 393; effect of, on Catholic treason, ii. 305 relief, iii. 115; the moan, by Tory party, the, supplied the greater which it was accomplished, 330 number of the' King's friends: Unions, political, established, ii. i. 13; the' ascendency of, under 383; their proceedings, 3R5; George IV., 129; the period, of organise delegates, 388; procla-' Index. 1lNI WAL mation against, 389; threaten­ AKEFIELD, bribery at ing attitude o~ 390 W (1860), i. 437 Unitarians, the, toleration with­ Wakefield, Mr. G., tried for· libel. held from, iii. 78 ; further pe­ ii.331 nalties against, 79; first motion Waldegrave, Dowager Countess of, for relief o~ 109; relief granted, married to the Duke of Glouces­ 136; laws affecting their mar­ ter, i. 262 riages. 151-163 Waldegrave, Earl of, his opinion United Englishmen, Irishmen, and on the education of George III., Scotsmen, the proceedings of, ii. i. 10 328, iii. 322, 323; suppressed Wales, Prince of (George IV.), his by Act, ii. 329 character, i. U9; subject to U nit.ed Pres byteria'o Church, the, conrt influence, 120; indifferent iii. 236, n., 239 to poli tics, lb.; his separation Universal suffrage, motions. for, i. from the Whigs, 123, 127; 395, 407, 416; agitation for, ii. raised and disappointed their 283, 316, 3lil, 408; in the colo­ hopes, 121; proposals for their nies, iii. 371 union with the Tories, 123, 126; Universities, the, of Oxford and the • household question' be­ Cam bridge, admission of dissen­ tween him and the Whigs, 126; tars to, iii. 92 ; settlement of the debates as to his rights a., question in 18H, 449; --' of Regent (1788), 178-181; dis­ London, 198 claimed his right, 179; his re·· ply to the Regency scheme, IS!; accepted the resolutions, 181i; AN DIEMEN'S LAND, a his name omitted from the com­ V l~gi8lature granted to, iii. mission to open parliament, 31i9, 371 ; transportation to, dis- 188; the address from the Irish continued, 31i9 - parliament, 194; arcepted reso­ Vestries, the common law:reJ.ating lutions for Regency Bill (1810), to, iii. :176; Mr. S. Bourne's 213; . his civil list, 244; his and Sir J. Hobhouse's Vestry debts, 21i0; his marriage with Acts, 277 Mrs. FitzherLert, 269; the Veto Act, the (Church of Scotland) guardia1lllhip over Princess iii. 240; rescinded, 21i2 Charlotte, 271; a member of Victoria, Queen, her Majesty, her the Whig party, ii. 161; deserts . accession, i. 154; the ministry them, 167, 182; alleged effect tllen in office, th.; her house­ of Mr. :Fox's death upon his hold, ib. ; the' bedchamber ques­ conduct, 178; attack on, when tion,' 11ili, l1i9; her memoran­ Regent, 342; unfavourable to dum concerning acts of govern­ Catholic claims, iii. 133 ment, 160; judicious exercise of Wales, Princess Dowager of, her her authority, 163; the Regency influence over George III., i. 10; Acts of her reign, 223; her civil advocated the exercise of his list, 246 ; her pension list, 261 personal authority, 2-'; the in­ Volunteers, the (Ireland), iii. 3ll; sertion of her name into the demand iDdependence ofIreland, Regency Bill, 1H . 312, 314; and Parliamentary Wales, the Princes of, the Duchy Reform, 818 of Cornwall their inneritance, i. 248 btdex. 497 'WAL WHI Wales, progress of dissent in, iii. from Canning on the Catholic 213 question, 189; in office, 191, Walker, T., tried fol' high treason, 196; secession of Liberal m.m- ii. 301 bers from his cabinet, 192; Walpol .. Horace, cited in proof of beaten on repeal of the Test, &c. p81'liamentary corruption, i. 336, Acts, 192, iii. 167; his ministry ..., 378, 383; appointment of· and Catholic -claims, ii. 192, iii. fered to hie nephew, 369 11l6, 164; _"rosecutee the Tory Walpole, M1'., seceded from Lord press, ii. 378 Derby's ministry on question of Wensleydal .. Baron, the life·peer. reform, i. 466 Bge CBse (1866), i. 296 Walpole, Sir R., opposed the Pe..... Wesley, the Rev. J., effect of his age Bill, i. 276; displaced from labours, iii. 86; number, &c. of- ,office by vote on an election peti. Wesleyans, 222, 223 tion. 364; bribery of members Westminster election (1784), Fox's a .ystem under, 3i7; the charges vexatious contest Bt, i. 351; the of bribery not proved, ih.; his scrutiny, and his return with· remark on misrepresentations by held, ih.; act passed in conse- l'eportere, ii. 38; his indifference quence, 353 to newspaper Bttacks, ii. 246; Westminster HBll; public meetings withdrew the Excise Bill, 266; prohibited within one mile of, ii. his refusal to levy taxes on our 344 colonies, iii. 343 West India duties, the.. vested in Warburton, Bishop, his name the croWD till the accession of affixed to notes on the 'Essay William IV., i. 246 on Woman,' ii. 6 ' Westmoreland county, expense of a Ward,M1'.,advOCIlted vote by ballot, contested election for, i. 364 i. 447 Weymouth, Lord, overtures to, from Warrants. &8 General WBrrants George III., i. 49; libelled by Watson, J., tried for high treason, Wilke .. ii. 9; proposal that the ii. 345 Whigs should take office under Watt, R., tried for high treason, ii. him, ii: 150 304 Wharncli1fe, Lord, his motion Wellesley, Marquess,commissioned against the dil'Solution (1831). to form a ministry, i. 125; his i. 141, ii. 88 . mini.try and the Catholic claims, Wheble, proceeded Bgainst for pub- iii. 139; his motion, ih. lishing debates, ii. 39; di., Wellington, Duke of, obtained the charged from custody by Willrpl' consent of George IV. to Catha- 41 lie emancipation, i. 131; anti· Whig Clnb, the, meeting af. t" 1'Sform chBl'BCter of his ministry, _ oppose the Treason Bnd Sedition 415; his anti-reform declaration, Bills, ii. 323 418; failed to form Bn anti·re- Whig party, the, period of BScen· form ministry, !l3, 312; formed dency of, i. 8; regarded with a mini.try with Peel, 146; his jealousy by Geor!!e III., 11; pro· assumption of different cabinet scription of, under Lord But., offices during Pe.l's absence, 148; 23; separation between them and his opiniQJI un the proposffi crsa- Prince Regent, 120, 123; decline tion of new peers, 313; his posi. office on the 'household qurs- tion as an or.. tor,ii.121 ; seceded tion,' 126; unsuccessful against VOL. Ill. . K K 'WHI WI" the ministry; 128'; espouse the procE'eded against by the Com­ Queen's cause, 133 ; lose the con­ mons, 43 i advocated pledges to fidence of William IV., 145; the constituente by members, 70; period of their a.sc~ndency in the attacks Lord Bute and Mr. House of Lo~, 305 Gr~D ville in t,he • North Briton,' Whitaker, Mr., opposed Wilkes for 247; proceeded against, 249, Middlesex, ii. 14 267, iii. 3; brings acti?ns against Whitbrea.d, Mr., his remarks on the Mr. Wood and Lord Halifax, 4, Perceval ministry, i. III ; mo\'ed 6; doggro by spies, 40 to omit Lord Eldon's name from Williams, Sir Hugh, passed over in the council of regency, 206; his a bre\'et, for opposition to the rarty estranged from Earl Grey's, court policy, i. 47 Ii. 182 William ill, his psrsonal share in White Conduit House, threatened the government, i. 6; his sign meeting at, ii. 389 manual affixed by a stamp, 218 ; "Thittam, a messenger of the house, the revenues of his crown, 228 ; committed by the Lord Mayor grante to his followers, ib.; his for apprehending a printer, ii. 42; civil list, 232; tried to influence his recognisance erased, 45 ; parliament by the multiplication saved from prosecution, ih. of offices, 369; the bribery of Whitefield, his career, iii. 85 members during his reign, 377 ; Wilberforce, Mr., promoter of the populRr addresses to, praying a abolition of slavery, ii. 277; en­ dissolution of parliament, ii. 88; deavours to obtain admission of his church policy, iii. 78-80; Catholics to the militia, iii. 114 towards tbe church of &-otland, Wilkes, Mr., advocated parliamen­ 80; towards Catholics, 81 tary reform, i. 394 ; is denied his William IV., supported parliamen­ parliamentary pridege, ii. 3; tary reform, i. 138,312, 424 ; dis­ proceeded against for libel in the solved pa"liament(1831),114,421; • North Briton,' 4; absconded created sixteen peers in fa \'our of and is expell.d, 5; proceroed reform, 309; sxPrted his influ­ R(!ainst in the Lords. 6; returned ence o\'Or the poers, 143, 427; f-;;r Middlesex, 8 i committed, ih.; withdrew his confidence from the hi. Mcusations against Lord reform ministry, 146; suddenly Mansfield, 9; the question he dismissed theMe:bourne ministry, raised at the bar of the house, 146; the Wellington and Peel th.; expeUro for libel on Lord ministry, 148 i the Melbourne Weymouth, ih.; re·elected, 13; minist~y reinstated,I53 ; regpncy again elected, but Luttrell seated questions on his accession, 219; by the house, 14; elected alder­ his ci\'il list, 245; opposed the man, Ill; efforts to reverse the reduction of his household, 246 ; proceedings against him, 16; his surrendered the four and a half complaint against the deputy­ per cent. duties, 260 ; his declar~­ clerk of the crown, 24; again tion against the Approprilltion returned for Middlesex, and takes Question, iii. 263 his seat, 25; lord mayor, ih. ; Williams, a printer, sentenced to the resolutioll against him sx­ . tbe pillory, ii. 251 '!lunged, i. 61, ii. 26; instigatro Windham, Mr., his position as an the publication of debates, 37; in­ orator, ii. 11 7 terpo~.d to protect printers, 41; is Wines and Cider Dai911 Bill (1763), Index. 499 wnr yoa the first money bill divided upon Wray, Sir C., opposed Fox at the by the Lords, ii. 107 Westminster election, i. 361 Winterbothom, Mr., tried for sedi­ Writa for new members, doubt re­ tion, ii. 289 specting issue of, during King's Wolssley, Sir C., eleeted popular re­ illness, i. 177; writs of summons presentative of Birmmgham, ii. for elections, addreseed to return­ 362; tried for sedition, 203 ing officers, 460 Wood, Mr. G., his Universities Bill, iii. 196 Woodf"ll, his trial for publishing ARMOUTH, freemen of,' dis­ Junins's Letter, ii. 263; the Y franchised, i. 434 judgment laid before the Lord., York, Duke of, opposed the regency 266 proceedings, i. 185, 211; his Woods, Foresta, and Land Revenues name omittod from the commis­ Commission, i. 266; separated sionto open parlilLDlent, 187,213, from ths Public Works, 266 attached to LlLdy Mary _Coke, .. Woman, Essay on,D Wilkes pro­ 264 secuted for publishing, ii. 6 Yorke, Mr., enforced the' exclnsion Working classes, meallnres for the of strange... from debates, ii. 62 improvement of the, iii. 411. Yorke, 1I. R., tried for sedition, ii. 8e8 al80 Middle Classes 313 Wortley, Mr. S., h,s motion for a

THE END.

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