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The Water Issues of Accra

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The Water Issues of Accra BTK // SS15 Kommunikationsdesign // Informationsgestaltung // Animierte Infografik Dozent: Cyrus Khazaeli Projektdokumentation THE WATER ISSUES OF ACCRA // EIN PROJEKT VON: Sarah Costa Lilian Stathogiannoopoulou Sophia Wulf Daniel von Pazatka Lipinski Kommunikationsdesign und Motion Design, 4. Semester // INHALT 1 // THE WATER ISSUES OF ACCRA 2 // Synopsis // Das Team 2 // KONZEPTION 4 // Themenfindung // Informationsbeschaffung 3 // UMSETZUNG 6 // Voice Over // Visualisierung // Stilfindung // Animation 4 // ARCH+ WETTBEWERB 14 5 // FAZIT 15 1 // THE WATER ISSUES OF ACCRA // INFORMATIONSGESTALTUNG - ABSCHLUSSPROJEKT SS15 // Synopsis WISSENSCHAFT, DURCH DESIGN ERSCHLOSSEN „The water issues of Accra“ ist ein Gemeinschaftsprojekt zweier internationaler, interdiszipli- närer Teams von Geografen der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin und Gestaltern der BTK. Die animierte Infografik zeigt, wie die rasand wachsende Bevölkerung von Accra (Ghana) um den Zugang zu Frischwasser ringt, obwohl die physischen Ressourcen mehr als ausreichend sind. Während die Grafik komplexe Zusammenhänge für ein größeres Publilkum vereinfacht, bietet sie dennoch eine schlüssige Zusammenfassung der ineinander verschlungenen Themen fehlen- der Wasserinfrastruktur, zunehmender Urbanisation und undurchsichtiger Regierungsarbeit. // Das Team Das sind wir. Sarah Costa, Sophia Wulf, Daniel von Pazatka Lipinski und Lilian Stathogiannoopoulou. Erschöpft und zufrieden nach erfolgreicher Vollendung und Verteidugung des Projektes in der BTK. 3 2 // KONZEPTION // Themenfindung Im Rahmen des Moduls Informationsgestaltung bestand die Möglichkeit, das Abschlussprojekt in Kooperation mit dem Geografischen Institut der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin zu erarbei- ten. Dabei sollten die Wissenschaftler für die Bereitstellung der Daten, wir für die gestalteri- sche Umsetzung verantwortlich sein. Das Endprodukt sollte in den Rahmen des diesjährigen ARCH+ Wettbewerbs zum Thema Urbanisierung passen. Um uns eine Vorstellung davon zu geben, woran sie gerade arbeiten, hielten zwei Doktoranden des Geografischen Instituts zu Beginn des Semesters einen Vortrag in der BTK, in dem sie das Projekt „Waterpower“ vorstellten. Es befasst sich mit den verschiedenen Aspekten, die zu einer mangelhaften Wasserversorgung in der Hauptstadt Ghanas, Accra, führen. Grund dafür ist un- ter anderem die zunehmende Urbanisierung, die auch vor afrikanischen Entwicklungsländern nicht Halt macht. Da uns das Thema zusagte, trafen wir uns zeitnah mit den Wissenschaftlern in ihrem Institut und besprachen die Eingrenzung des Themas für unser Projekt. Zur Arbeitsgruppe gehören sechs Doktoran- den, die seit Beginn des Jahres 2014 an verschiedenen Schwerpunkten forschen. Kennengelernt haben wir von ihnen aller- dings nur drei. Nachdem wir zunächst planten, eines der Promotionsthemen auch in unseren Fokus zu rücken, merkten wir bald, dass es für einen potenziell unwissenden Betrachter wertvoller sein könnte, einen Überblick zu erhalten als einen Teilaspekt von mehreren präsentiert zu bekommen. Team WaterPower der HU Berlin Wir wählten daher die allgemeinen Probleme der Wasserversorgung in Accra, ihre Ursachen und Lösungsansätze zur Thematik unserer Infografik und ordneten uns damit in die Kategorie „Urban Metabolism“ des ARCH+ Wettbewerbs ein. Eindrücke aus Accra (Ghana) Anfang 2015. 4 // Informationsbeschaffung Indem wir uns auf vorhandene Daten aus wissenschaftlichen Forschungsergebnissen stützen konnten, blieb es uns erspart, selbst nach Material suchen zu müssen. Allerdings kostete es genauso viel Zeit, die vorhandenen Informationen zu sichten, auszusortieren und zu strukturie- ren. Zu Beginn der Zusammenarbeit sendete uns das Geographische Institut ein 40 Seiten langes Dokument zu, den aktuellen Report über den Stand des Projektes, in englischer Sprache, mit dessen Länge und Komplexität wir eine Weile beschäftigt waren. Es half uns in erster Linie, um einen Überblick über die Thematik und die vorliegenden Informationen zu gewinnen. Wir Study on Drinking Water Distribution Network of GAMA Final Report Study on Drinking Water Distribution Network of GAMA Final Report ISSUE TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGES 3.2.3.1 Low Pressure Zone (LPZ) 20 TABLES ABBREVIATIONS 1 INTRODUCTION branching to Legon and Pokuase will be at Asutsuare junction. The Legon line will utilise the 3.2.3.2 Medium Pressure Zone (MPZ) 21 RoWs on the Akosombo-Tema and Tema-Accra Motorway while the Pokuase line will utilise 3.2.3.3 High Pressure Zone (HPZ) 21 the RoWs on the Somanya-Dodowa-Adenta road through Pantang, Ashongman and Table 1: Pipe classification adopted for Model design........................................................... 6 AC Asbestos Concrete 3.2.3.4 Tema 21 Table 2: K Values adopted for Network Modelling................................................................. 9 Kwabenya. Thus two transmission pipelines of 1,400mm will leave the treatment plant at 1 INTRODUCTION 1 AMA Accra Metropolitan Area (Assembly) Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA) is one of the priority areas of the Ghana Water 3.2.3.5 Teshie-Nungua 21 Table 3: Comparison between GWCL and GSS adopted population growth rates .............. 12 Asutsuare and branch off at Asutsuare junction. ATMA Accra Tema Metropolitan Area Company Limited (GWCL). With the population of urban GAMA increasing at a fast rate, 1.1 Background 1 3.2.4 Storage 22 Table 4: Per capita demand from previous studies.............................................................. 13 CGGC China Gezhouba Group Company Ltd pressure continue to pile on existing water supply facilities in the metropolitan area. Accra’s 1.2 Study Objectives 2 3.2.5 Pumping Stations 23 Table 5: Tahal SIP Review and Update per capita .............................................................. 13 Issue Date Originator Checker Approver CI Cast Iron population grows at more than 3% and it is estimated that the corresponding demand by STUDY ON THE DRINKING WATER 1.3 Expected Outputs 2 3.2.6 Current System Operations 23 Table 6: Storage facilities in the ATMA water supply system............................................... 22 3 CWR Clear Water Reservoir 2030 will be over 1M m /day. Though much improvement has been carried out to meet the 1.2 Study Objectives 1.4 Overall Methodology 3 3.2.6.1 Tema Booster Station 24 Table 7: List of Pumps in the ATMA water supply system ................................................... 23 First Draft 30 July 2012 M. Akosah-Kusi Geert Heytens Ing. R. Appiah Otoo DBFOT Design Build Finance Operate Transfer growing demand on potable water it has always not been enough to serve the water needs Ing. R. Appiah Otoo 1.5 Limitations 3 3.2.6.2 Accra Booster Station 25 Table 8: Design Parameters considered for Model Construction......................................... 30 DISTRIBUTION NETWORK OF THE DCI Ductile Cast Iron of the GAMA. 1.6 Structure of the Report 3 3.3 Section 3: System Modelling 27 The overall goal of the project is to improve immensely the water supply situation within entwickelten eine lange Liste mit Fragen, auf die wir knappe,Table 9: Proposed Lines ............................. datenlastige........................................................................ 41 DI Ductile Iron Antwort erbaten und Accra and surrounding areas. In line with this goal, Denys is seeking to install a new water Draft Final 13 August 2012 M. Akosah-Kusi Geert Heytens Ing. R. Appiah Otoo 3.3.1 Consumption Models 27 DN Nominal Diameter The Accra-Tema Metropolitan Area is currently served by two main sources, the Weija WTP treatment plant for Accra at Asutsuare under a DBFOT agreement. The objectives of this Ing. R. Appiah Otoo 3.3.1.1 Model 1 27 GREATER ACCRA METROPOLITAN 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS 5 DW Darcy Weisbach and the Kpong WTP which together meet less than 70% of the demand. To augment the 3.3.1.2 Model 2 28 study as summarised below shall be to determine if the ATMA water supply network as EPS Extended Period Simulation supply, a proposed third WTP is to be installed at Asutsuare about 75Km Northeast of Accra. 2.1 General Approach 5 3.3.1.3 Conclusion 30 existing has the capacity to carry the additional water from this new plant. Final 16 August 2012 M. Akosah-Kusi Ing. R. Appiah Otoo Ing. R. Appiah Otoo ESRI Environmental Scientific Research Institute Though the current Transport and Distribution System has some 1,700Km of piped network, AREA (GAMA) 2.2 Data Collection 5 3.3.2 Hydraulic Models 30 FIGURES GAMA Greater Accra Metropolitan Area it is important to assess the adequacy or otherwise of the existing capacity to distribute the 2.2.1 Customer Data 5 3.3.2.1 Hydraulic Model 1 31 Objective 1: Determine capacity of existing network GIS Geographic Information System proposed additional supply to GAMA. 2.2.2 Network Data 6 3.3.2.2 Hydraulic Model 2 32 Figure 1: Algorithm for Skeletonising Network data............................................................... 7 GL Germanischer Lloyd Industries 2.2.3 Field Verification 7 3.3.2.3 Hydraulic Model 3 34 Figure 2: Set up of the Hydraulic Network Model .................................................................. 9 Investigate if the existing drinking water distribution network in the GAMA area that is now in GSGDA Ghana Shared Growth Development Agenda The report shall give technical insight into the feasibility of immediate to long-term 2.3 Spatial Analyses 7 3.3.2.4 Distress Areas 35 Figure 3: Intercensal Development growth in ATMA ........................................................... 11 place is able to receive the drinking water
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